identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C9B002FFDBFF9E07D0F90CFC1E5388.text	03C9B002FFDBFF9E07D0F90CFC1E5388.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhopalostroma indicum D. Hawksw. & Muthappa	<div><p>Rhopalostroma indicum D. Hawksw. &amp; Muthappa, in Hawksworth, Kew Bull. 31(3): 426 (1977). Fig.2</p> <p>Saprobic on decorticated Ficus retusus. Sexual morph: Stromata aggregated, erumpent, stipitate, head (6–)7–8(–9) × (2.7–)3–5(–5.2) mm (x = 7.6 × 4.1 mm), globose to subglobose, carbonaceous, purplish black, stipe (4–)5–7(– 7.4) × (1–)1.5–2.5(–2.7) mm (x = 5.9 × 1.8 mm), black, fragile, carbonaceous, KOH extractable pigments present, vinaceous-purple (101) to vinaceous-grey (116). Perithecia (–327)400–700(–745) × (278–)300–500(–525) μm (x = 523 × 460 μm), subglobose to globose, immersed in stromatal tissue. Paraphyses (1.8–)2–3.5(–3.7) μm diam. (x = 2.6 μm), much longer than asci, filiform, remotely septate, hyaline, few. Asci (82–)90–130(–138) × (3–)4–5(5.5) μm (x = 120 × 4.6 μm), 8–spored, cylindrical, stipitate, deliquescent, unitunicate, ascal apical ring not bluing in Melzer’s reagent,. Ascospores (5.5–)7–9(–9.8) × (3.7–)4–5.5(–6) μm (x = 7.8 × 5.1 μm), uniseriate dark brown, unicellular, equilateral ellipsoidal, with a longitudinal germ slit running spore length (Fig.2a–m).</p> <p>Material examined: INDIA, Karnataka state, Central Coffee Research Institute, on dead bark of Ficus retusus L.</p> <p>(Moraceae), 25 November 1974, Muttappa (holotype IMI 190605!).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9B002FFDBFF9E07D0F90CFC1E5388	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Daranagama, Dinushani A.;Liu, Xingzhong;Chamyuang, Sunita;Bahkali, Marc Stadler Ali H.;Hyde, Kevin D.	Daranagama, Dinushani A., Liu, Xingzhong, Chamyuang, Sunita, Bahkali, Marc Stadler Ali H., Hyde, Kevin D. (2015): Rhopalostroma brevistipitatum sp. nov. from Thailand with an extended generic description for Rhopalostroma. Phytotaxa 227 (3): 229-242, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.227.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.227.3.2
03C9B002FFD6FF9207D0FF16FCB051ED.text	03C9B002FFD6FF9207D0FF16FCB051ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhopalostroma brevistipitatum Daranagama & K. D. Hyde 2015	<div><p>Rhopalostroma brevistipitatum Daranagama &amp; K. D. Hyde, sp. nov. Figs 3–4.</p> <p>Index Fungorum number: IF 550815; Facesof Fungi number: FOF00656</p> <p>Etymology: —Refers to small, short and stout stipe in stromata.</p> <p>Diagnosis:— Differs from other species in Rhopalostroma by having small and solitary stromata with short and stout stipe and cylindrical asci with J+, discoid, apical apparatus.</p> <p>Saprobic on decaying bark. Sexual morph: Stromata (2.3–)2.5–6.4(–6.8) mm high (x = 4.9 mm), erumpent through bark, widely scattered, simple, solitary, never clustered, not fused and not branched, light brown to purplish brown, carbonaceous, stipe (1–)1.3–1.8(–2) × (1.8–)2–3.2(–3.5) mm (x = 1.5 × 2.7 mm), compact, short and stout, head (3.8–)4–4.8(–5) × (1.7–)2–3.7(–3.7) mm (x = 4.5 × 2.9 mm), expanded, clavate, flesh of head greyish black and continuous with that of the stipe, stromatal pigments present, light green. Ascomata (153–)186–393(–398) × (160–)179–226(–234) μm (x = 284× 204 μm), immersed, arranged in a single layer below the convex layer of the head, encased in carbonaceous tissue, individual perithecia hemispherical. Ostioles appear as minute shiny black dots, papillate. Paraphyses at base (2.7–)3–4.2(–4.5) μm wide (x = 3.7 μm), slightly longer than asci, filamentous, aseptate. Asci (80.6–)85.2–102.5(–112.3) μm (x = 98.6 μm) in total length, spore bearing part (60.2–)62.5–83(–85.8) × (4.3)4.5–5(–5.1) μm (x = 77.5 × 4.8 μm), stipe (12.3–)18.5–33.5(–38.2) μm (x = 27.5 μm), 8-spored, cylindrical, stipitate, with an amyloid apical apparatus, discoid, (0.8–)1.2–2(–2.1) × (1.6–)2–2.2 (2.4) μm (x = 1.5 × 2.0 μm). Ascospores (9.6–)10.6–11.3(–11.5) × (3.3–)4–4.5(–4.8) μm (x = 11 × 4.3 μm), uniseriate, olivaceous, equilaterally ellipsoidal, with broadly rounded ends, epispore smooth, perispore indehiscent in 10% KOH, germ slit straight, spore length on the convex side (Fig. 3a–r). Asexual morph: Conidiophores (70–)80–97(–110) × (1.5–)2–2.5(–2.8) μm (x = 95.5 × 2.3 μm), simple to complex, hyaline, dichotomously branched, with nodulisporium-like branching pattern. Conidiogenous cells (15–)20–25(–35) × (0.7–)1–1.5(–1.6) μm (x =23.4 × 1.3 μm), developing terminally, cylindrical, hyaline, apically aggregated scars. Conidia (4.2–)5–6.7(–6.9) × (2.3–)2.5–3.2(–3.5) μm (x = 5.5 × 2.8 μm), hyaline, single, ellipsoidal, with one pointed end and one blunt end (Fig. 4d–k).</p> <p>Culture characteristics:— Colonies on OA at 25°C reaching 5 cm in 7 days, at first whitish developing melanized pigments around the center within 5–10 days, azonate with diffuse margins, reverse at first, whitish and turning brownish orange at the center. Distinct sporulating regions observed after 10 days, black (Fig. 3a–c).</p> <p>Material examined:— Thailand, Chiang Rai Province, Mae Fah Luang University Park, on decaying bark, 15 November 2014, D. A. Daranagama, (holotype MFLU 15-2245!) living cultures, MFLUCC 15-0007, KIBCC; ibid (isotype KUN!), ex-isotype, MFLUCC 15-0011.</p> <p>Notes:— Rhopalostroma brevistipitatum is a new species of Rhopalostroma based on its unique morphology and phylogenetic analysis. The new species has a faint amyloid apical apparatus; this has not previously been observed in the genus. This species also has comparatively small stromata. R. brevistipitatum differs from other species in the genus by having a short, but stout stipe, as well as asci with J+ apical apparatus which has not been reported in the genus before. The asexual morph was identified as nodulisporium-like which is characteristic of the genus (Hawksworth &amp; Whalley 1985, Stadler et al. 2010, Daranagama et al. 2014).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9B002FFD6FF9207D0FF16FCB051ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Daranagama, Dinushani A.;Liu, Xingzhong;Chamyuang, Sunita;Bahkali, Marc Stadler Ali H.;Hyde, Kevin D.	Daranagama, Dinushani A., Liu, Xingzhong, Chamyuang, Sunita, Bahkali, Marc Stadler Ali H., Hyde, Kevin D. (2015): Rhopalostroma brevistipitatum sp. nov. from Thailand with an extended generic description for Rhopalostroma. Phytotaxa 227 (3): 229-242, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.227.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.227.3.2
