identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C9E121FFC11E3C7582B0D51382F84C.text	03C9E121FFC11E3C7582B0D51382F84C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis Beschovski	<div><p>Genus Microcercis Beschovski urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8691A5E8-49FF-4B0C-987E-74467C7968AA</p><p>Microcercis Beschovski, 1978: 28 [as subgenus of Oscinella]. Type species: Oscinella trigonella Duda, 1933 . Type locality: Hungary (deposited in Hungarian Natural History Museum).</p><p>Incertella Sabrosky, 1980: 420 . Type species: Oscinella incerta Becker, 1912 . NEW SYNONYM</p><p>Incertella: Beschovski, 1981: 59–61 [ Microcercis trigonella moved to Incertella as subgenus; incorrect name priority].</p><p>Generic Diagnosis.— Head. Ocellar triangle nearly as wide as the vertex, half, or less the length of the frons, entirely tomentose or partially to entirely polished; frons yellow in species with fully tomentose ocellar triangle, black in species with polished triangle, frons with row of four or five fine orbital setae and many scattered short frontal setulae centrally, a row of fine setae on margin of ocellar triangle (fig. 5); postpedicel often angulate anterodorsally; facial carina triangulate between antennal bases (fig. 2), narrowing ventrally, reaching half height of face; face matte, with multiple minute papillae (fig. 3); eye with short, dense ommatrichia (fig. 4). Thorax. Scutum evenly, densely tomentose or polished, with setae in irregular to regular rows; scutellum tomentose, pleuron black, gray or yellow, with variable patterns of tomentum and color; one or two pairs laterally directed scapular setae between postpronotal lobes present (in M. bispina and M. dorsata only) or absent (fig. 7); one anterior and one or two posterior notopleural setae, dorsal posterior setula, if present, usually weak; one appressed dorsally directed ventral proepisternal seta (fig. 8); mid femoral organ about 20μm long, consisting of one or two tightly spaced rows of short warts, variable in number, each with a short, thick, sometimes flattened seta (as in figs. 9–11); first tarsomere of the hind leg with two to four ventral setae at base that are longer than the other ventral setae. Abdomen. Cerci small, most often triangular, quadrate, or nearly absent, widely separated; surstylus short, variously shaped but most often parallel sided with angulate or spatulate tip; hypandrium closed; female terminalia simple.</p><p>Discussion.—The tomentum of Nearctic Microcercis species has been variously characterized over the years, usually as heavily pollinose, as under a light microscope it can appear to consist of a dense mat of compact wool-like material. SEM micrographs (fig. 1) show that it consists of dense tomentum that occurs on smooth integument with no punctures or depressions at the base. The tomentum is consistent in length and diameter wherever it occurs on the body and is the same between all species. The tomentum is reclinate and generally measures about 12 μm. Cumming and Wood (2017) differentiate pruinosity as being “dust-like” and tomentum as being “pubescent”. While some chloropid genera clearly show a “dust-like” surface of the integument, the Microcercis species treated herein have a distinct pubescence while others, such as the type species M. trigonella have a polished triangle and scutum.</p><p>SEM micrographs of the frons of Microcercis (figs. 2, 5) reveal a similar lamellate pattern to that shown by SEM micrographs by Riccardi (2020) for Chaethippus Duda, 1930, a Neotropical genus. However, the setulae on the dorsal edges of the lamellae in Chaethippus occur on spine-like extensions which she notes are unique to Chaethippus . Further analysis of this character in other Chloropidae might reveal whether or not this character is of generic importance.</p><p>Males of many species of Oscinellinae have one or two short rows, or a cluster, of setae on the anterodorsal surface of the mid femora (figs. 9–11). Ismay (1975) provided an analysis of the morphology and possible biological functions of the mid femoral organ (“femoral combs”) of British species of Oscinellinae . The illustrations, like those of Andersson (1977), Nartshuk and Andersson (2013) and Riccardi (2020) show the setae to be minute, short, straight spicules, often mounted on short, thick warts. SEM images of the femoral organ of the Nearctic Microcercis species show that the setae positioned on top of the short, thick warts can be much thicker, rounded and sometimes flatter than previous illustrations indicate. There may be one or two rows, or a cluster of these structures depending on the species. Occasionally, lateral to the thick setae, there are a few that are tear-drop shaped.</p><p>Species of Microcercis have a conspicuous subscutellum (fig. 6). A survey of other genera of the subfamily Oscinellinae shows that this feature is common in the subfamily. There seems to be no mention of this feature in available manuals of the world-wide chloropid fauna.</p><p>I have found little or no intraspecies variation in the pattern of tomentum on the lateral surfaces of the thorax, and it is generally a more reliable taxonomic character than color. Body and leg color can vary from very lightly colored to much darker forms within some species.</p><p>Among Nearctic Microcercis species the male genitalia show significant similarities in having short, triangular or quadrate, sometimes difficult to discern, widely separated cerci and short surstyli that vary from simple, spatulate structures to having tooth-like medial extensions or a pointed distal tip.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFC11E3C7582B0D51382F84C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFC01E3D7582B0D515AAFA5D.text	03C9E121FFC01E3D7582B0D515AAFA5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis	<div><p>Key to the Nearctic species of Microcercis</p><p>1 Pleuron, postpronotal lobe and notopleuron entirely gray or brown; narrow dorsal margin of katepisternum rarely lighter brown to dark yellow....................................................................................... 2</p><p>- At least the postpronotal lobe yellowish and often propleuron yellow, with evenly gray pleuron, most species with pleuron and postpronotal lobe with bright to dark yellow areas, notopleuron usually with some yellow along the ventral margin but occasionally completely gray; katepisternum nearly always yellow on dorsal margin and quite dark ventrally or entirely yellow............................................................................................. 5</p><p>2 Ventral pleuron evenly polished from propleuron to the meron, posterior anepisternum and all of anepimeron tomentose; postpedicel entirely brown to black or brown dorsally, yellow ventrally; legs mostly brown or femora brown, tibiae yellow or legs entirely yellow................................................................................... 3</p><p>- Ventral pleuron incompletely polished, tomentose at least on the katepisternum; postpedicel consistently yellow ventrally, at least on medial surface; legs mostly brown or with foreleg mostly yellow........................................ 4</p><p>3 Scapular setae absent, postpedicel entirely black.......................................... M. albipalpis (Meigen)</p><p>- Scapular setae present between postpronotal lobes, one or two pairs; postpedicel usually yellow ventrally, occasionally all black.............................................................................. M. bispina (Malloch)</p><p>4 Prosternum yellow; pleuron gray, dorsally tomentose, ventral half from propleuron to but not including the meron polished except most of anterior katepisternum and meron tomentose; fore coxa, femur, tibia and basal two tarsomeres yellow, mid and hind legs variable; syntergite 1+2 usually yellow with small brown spots laterally and centrally, may vary from entirely gray to partially yellow, posterior margins of tergites three to five yellow, anterior portion brown to gray; epandrium black, contrasting sharply with yellow 5 th tergite; distal margin of surstylus smooth (fig. 30); salt marsh species.......... M. infesta (Becker)</p><p>- Prosternum gray; pleuron gray tomentose except small spot on propleuron just below the anterior spiracle, posterior third of katepisternum and the meron polished black; all coxae, femora and tibiae mostly gray to black; abdomen entirely gray to brown, tergites occasionally with narrow yellow hind margin; epandrium concolorous with abdomen; distal margin of surstylus with a medial projection (fig. 31); salt marsh species............................................ M. insularis (Malloch)</p><p>5 Postpronotal lobe mostly yellow; pleuron and notopleuron evenly gray, pleuron mostly tomentose except small, polished spot just below anterior spiracle, posterior surface of the katepisternum and central meron; legs mostly gray, distal tips of femora often yellow; salt marsh species....................................................... M. laytoni new species</p><p>- Postpronotal lobe and propleuron yellow, notopleuron and pleuron may be light gray to yellowish, pleuron more or less extensively polished; legs various........................................................................ 6</p><p>6 Ocellar triangle entirely gray; scapular setae absent.......................................................... 7</p><p>- Ocellar triangle gray to black only on tubercle or only in center with posterior corners yellow, if entirely gray, scapular setae present............................................................................................. 8</p><p>7 Anterior ¼ of pleuron grayish to dark yellow; ventral pleuron polished from propleuron to meron except anterior ventral katepisternum tomentose; fore coxa and femur gray, fore tibia and basal two tarsomeres yellow, 3 rd to 5 th fore tarsomeres darker; mid and hind coxae and femora gray, mid tibia yellow, hind tibia gray except distal tip, mid and hind tarsi yellow except 4 th and 5 th tarsomeres black; surstylus broadly spatulate, widening apically, without an apical point; found on inland grassy habitats usually with M. minor .............................................................. M. murphyi new species</p><p>- Anterior ¼ of pleuron yellow from postpronotal lobe to and including most of the foreleg; pleuron mostly tomentose except propleuron and posterior surface of katepisternum; legs yellow except hind femur and tibia often with grayish tint; surstylus with a slight, pointed projection distally; salt marsh species............................ M. trifeminarum new species</p><p>8 Ocellar tubercle largely gray with posterior corners yellow; scapular setae present between postpronotal lobes; scutum anteriorly only or entirely faintly yellow; legs mostly yellow............................................ M. dorsata (Loew)</p><p>- Ocellar tubercle gray to black only on the tubercle, the rest yellow; scapular setae absent; scutum mostly gray or with distinct yellow vittae anteriorly; legs mostly yellow................................................................ 9</p><p>9 Scutum with distinct yellowish vittae anteriorly.......................................... M. johanni new species</p><p>- Scutum evenly gray, rarely light yellow anteriorly, without distinct vittae........................... M. minor (Adams)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFC01E3D7582B0D515AAFA5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFC01E3F7582B60D11F9F9F1.text	03C9E121FFC01E3F7582B60D11F9F9F1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis albipalpis (Meigen 1830) von Tschirnhaus 2007	<div><p>Microcercis albipalpis (Meigen)</p><p>(Figs. 15, 26, 27)</p><p>Chlorops albipalpis Meigen, 1830: 163 . Type locality: Europe. Deposited Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria (NHMW).</p><p>Chlorops socius Meigen, 1830: 155 . Type locality: Europe. Deposited NHMW. Synonymy: Duda 1932: 47; Nartshuk 1997: 403.</p><p>Oscinis albipalpis . — Zetterstedt 1838: 489, 781 (Lapland).</p><p>Oscinis basalis Zetterstedt, 1860: 6441 . Type locality: Illstorp, Skåne, Sweden. Synonymy: Becker 1910: 163; Andersson 1966: 75.</p><p>Oscinosoma albipalpis .— Enderlein 1913: 356.</p><p>Oscinella albipalpis .— Becker 1910: 163 (Europe).</p><p>Conioscinella albipalpis . — Duda 1932: 46 (Europe).</p><p>Tropidoscinis albipalpis . — Collin 1946: 136 (England).</p><p>Incertella albipalpis .— Sabrosky 1980: 422; Beschovski 1981: 61 [male genitalia]. Cherian 2002: 15 [femoral organ].</p><p>Microcercis albipalpis .— von Tschirnhaus 2007: 131 [new combination]. Deeming &amp; Al-Dhafer 2012: 39 (Oman).</p><p>Oscinella opacifrons Aldrich (unpublished), Sabrosky 1936: 724 [new syn., spms labeled opacifrons in various collections and “ paratypes ” but never published by Aldrich].</p><p>Oscinella incerta Becker, 1912: 116 [orig. description: (Type locality, Troy, Idaho. Deposited NMNH)].— Sabrosky 1935 [in key, discussion, compared with bispina, sexual dimorphism, Kansas distrib.].— Sabrosky 1936 [in key, discussion of type material, sr. syn. of opacifrons Aldrich].— Sabrosky 1965 [N. Am. catalog, distrib.]. NEW SYNONYM</p><p>Incertella incerta .— Sabrosky 1980 [placement in Incertella n. gen.].</p><p>Diagnosis—Ocellar triangle gray to brown; vertex and occiput gray to black tomentose; postpedicel entirely black; prosternum brown; scutum gray to brown tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron gray to yellowish, tomentose; pleuron brown, ventral polished area continuous from propleuron to meron; femora and tibiae brown; tibial organ yellow; syntergite 1+2 usually brown, occasionally yellowish; male cerci widely separate, small lobes; surstylus short, parallel sided or widening slightly, distal tip smooth spatulate, slightly angulate dorsally.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: 1.65−1.90 mm; male: 1.28−1.60 mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle evenly gray to brown tomentose; vertex and occiput gray to black tomentose; frons yellow; scape and pedicel dark brown, postpedicel entirely black; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, and gena yellow tomentose; clypeus black; prementum polished brown, labellum light brown; gena to eye ratio 0.22.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae light brown; interfrontal setae dark brown; ocellar setae black; postocellar setae yellow; outer vertical setae dark brown; inner vertical setae yellow; postocular setae yellow; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum usually brown, may be yellow in specimens with lighter legs; prescutum polished brown; scutum mostly brown, evenly grayish tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron gray to slightly yellowish tomentose, slightly lighter than scutum; pleuron brown to nearly black; polished except anepisternum and anepimeron mostly gray tomentose and katepisternum with a small anterior spot of tomentum; mediotergite mostly polished black, gray tomentose on small lateral areas; scutellum brown, margin yellowish, tomentose; subscutellum yellowish tomentose; wing length 1.32–1.74 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.37:0.28:0.15; all coxae usually polished light to dark brown, fore coxa may be light to dark yellowish; all femora and tibiae mostly light to dark brown, yellow on one-fourth to one-third of distal tip; all tarsi yellow except for distal 2 tarsomeres; femoral organ two rows of short warts with flattened setae (as in fig. 9); tibial organ yellow to white.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: Scapular setae absent; scutum and scutellum with yellow setae and setulae.</p><p>Abdomen: Syntergite 1+2 yellow to brown; remaining tergites evenly brown with narrow yellow posterior margins. Male terminalia (figs. 26, 27): Epandrium brown tomentose with many setulae, male cerci widely separate, small lobes; surstylus short, parallel sided or widening slightly, distal tip smooth spatulate, slightly angulate dorsally. Female terminalia including cerci brown.</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Yukon). Mexico (Michoacan). United States (Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Ohio, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming). Palearctic (“Trans-Palearctic polyzonal species known from the British Isles to Japan ” per Nartshuk et al. 2013). Also in the arctic tundra (Nartshuk 2005: 246), and Mediterranean and Canary Islands (von Tschirnhaus unpubl.).</p><p>Discussion.—This species bears a strong resemblance to M. bispina but lacks the scapular setae present that species. It is otherwise distinguished from the other Nearctic Microcercis species by the mostly brown scutum and pleuron and an overall brownish appearance with the most of the ventral half of the pleuron polished. The notopleuron usually has a slight yellowish cast. This is the only species in the Nearctic with the antennae entirely black.</p><p>Biology.—In an attempt to examine Foote’s material from his two studies (Foote 2004 and 2007), I contacted the Carnegie Museum (Pittsburgh, PA), where most of his material is housed, to try to get a loan of these specimens. Foote had recorded over 200 specimens of the genus. They located only 16 specimens of M. bispina from the 2004 study (see below in Material Examined for M. bispina) and no other material. Therefore, I am unable to confirm Foote’s rearing records.</p><p>Nearly all of the material included in this study was from inland habitats yet, von Tschirnhaus (2007) reports that M. albipalpis is one of four very common chloropids on the salt marshes of the North Frisian coast islands of Mellum and Memmert (the others being Oscinella frit, Oscinimorpha minutissima (Strobl, 1900) and O. albisetosa (Duda, 1932)) .</p><p>There are just two localities in the material examined in this study which could be salt marsh habitats: Courtenay, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and Shediac, New Brunswick, Canada.</p><p>Discussion of the status of Oscinella opacifrons Aldrich (unpub.).— Sabrosky (1936) stated that there were a type and 34 paratypes (I found 39 in the NMNH collection) of this unpublished species that Sabrosky considered to be I. incerta . My examination confirms Sabrosky’s conclusion. Although the description was never published there are an unknown number of specimens labeled O. opacifrons deposited in other (unspecified) collections. For this reason, I record the NMNH material here for the record.</p><p>I have examined 39 specimens with “ O. opacifrons Aldrich PARATYPE ” labels. All are clearly M. albipalpis: CANADA. MANITOBA. Glenboro – South Cypress Municipality: Aweme, 1 Aug 1913, N. Criddle (1♀; NMNH) ; same data, 9 Oct 1915, (1♀; NMNH); same data, 2 June 1916, (1♀; NMNH); same data, 26 June 1916, (6♀; NMNH); Treesbank, 12 June 1915, (6♀; NMNH); same data, 25 June 1915, (1♀, 1 empty pin; NMNH); same data, swept from grass, 13 July 1915, (4♀; NMNH); same data, 23 July 1915, (1♂, 4♀; NMNH); same data, 17 Aug 1915, (2♀; NMNH) .</p><p>USA.</p><p>IDAHO. Latah Co.: Moscow, 8 July 1916, J. M. Aldrich (7♀; NMNH) .</p><p>MONTANA. Powder River Co.: Powderville, June 1913, no collector (1♀; NMNH) .</p><p>SOUTH DAKOTA. Union Co.: Elk Point, 22 May 1915, C. N. Ainslie (1♀; NMNH) .</p><p>WASHINGTON. Whitman Co.: Union Flat, 16 June 1916, no collector (2♀; NMNH) .</p><p>Type Material of M. incerta examined.— One female with a type label in NMNH. Becker did not designate a holotype. The specimen is badly shriveled but retains all body parts, however the scutal setae are missing. It is mounted through the venter with a minuten pin affixed to a small off-white card and is oriented in an upright position. It has six labels which are (in order from top to bottom): white label with “Troy Idaho ” typewritten and “VI-14-8” handwritten; white label with “Collection JM Aldrich” typewritten; red label with “COTYPE” typewritten, “No. 49970” handwritten, “ U.S. N.M.” typewritten; white label “ Oscinella incerta Beck cotype” handwritten; white label “Look for holotype I think this is not the type Melander coll’n” all handwritten; white label facing down with “USNMENT barcode 01492506”. Clearly the message to “look for” the holotype is incorrect as there was no single specimen designated as the “type”.</p><p>Nine PARATYPES: USA. IDAHO. Bingham Co.: Collins, no date, no collector given, A. L. Melander coll’n (1♂; NMNH) ; Latah Co.: Moscow Mt., 17 June 1904, J. M. Aldrich, A. L. Melander coll’n, (2m [1m labeled “Cotype, 49970]”; NMNH); Troy, 14 June 1908, no collector A. L. Melander coll’n (1♂, 2♀; NMNH) .</p><p>WASHINGTON. Whitman Co.: Pullman, 9 Aug 1908, no collector given, A. L. Melander coll’n, (2♀; NMNH); Rock Lake, no date, no collector given, A. L. Melander (1♀; NMNH) .</p><p>Sabrosky noted that there were 13 paratypes deposited in the NMNH and the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. He did not state how many are in each depository. I found just these nine in the NMNH material.</p><p>There is one specimen, female, in the NMNH collection from Woods Hole, Massachusetts with a red paratype label that reads “ Oscinella incerta Becker ” PARATYPE. However, Becker stated that his type series were from Washington and Idaho only. In any case, I have determined that this specimen is M. infesta . So, it is neither a paratype, nor M. albipalpis .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFC01E3F7582B60D11F9F9F1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFC21E307582B6E114A3F939.text	03C9E121FFC21E307582B6E114A3F939.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis bispina (Malloch 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis bispina (Malloch)</p><p>(Figs. 7, 16, 28)</p><p>Botanobia (Oscinis) bispina Malloch, 1918: 109 [orig. description]. Type locality: Urbana, Illinois. Deposited Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois (INHS). NEW COMBINATION.</p><p>Oscinella bispina .— Sabrosky 1936: 711, 714, 718, 721, 722, 725 [key, discussion].— Sabrosky 1965: 779 [N. Am. catalog, distrib.].</p><p>Incertella bispina .— Sabrosky 1980: 721 [new comb.].— Foote 2004: 167 168 [assoc. with Carex in freshwater marsh].— Beaulieu and Wheeler 2005 [recorded from Carex meadows in Quebec, Canada].</p><p>Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle gray to brown; vertex and occiput gray to black tomentose; postpedicel variable, usually yellow ventrally and medially, occasionally lateral surface all brown; prosternum brown; one to two pairs of strong, black, scapular setae between postpronotal lobes; scutum gray to dark brown, tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron brown, tomentose; pleuron brown to blackish, ventral polished area runs from propleuron to meron unbroken, occasionally a spot of tomentum present on the anterior ventral surface of the katepisternum; femora brown to black, fore and mid tibiae yellow, hind tibia darker; tibial organ light brown; syntergite 1+2 usually brown but may be yellowish, with or without narrow yellow posterior margins; male cerci quadrate lobes; surstylus parallel sided with a posterior curvature, distal tip smooth, rounded, dorsal edge angulate.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: 1.67−1.97mm; male: 1.14−1.70mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle evenly gray to brown tomentose; vertex and occiput gray to black tomentose; frons yellow; scape and pedicel brown, postpedicel variable in color, occasionally entirely brown, usually lateral surfaces with dorsal two-thirds brown, ventral third yellow, medial surfaces often brown only around base of arista, remainder yellow; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, gena, and clypeus yellow tomentose; prementum polished brown, labellum lighter brown to yellow; gena to eye ratio 0.17.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae light brown; interfrontal setae yellowish; ocellar setae yellow; postocellar setae black; outer vertical setae light brown; inner vertical setae yellow; postocular setae short, fine, yellow; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum usually brown, may be yellow in specimens with lighter legs; prescutum polished black; scutum evenly gray to dark brown, tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron brown, gray tomentum; pleuron brown to black, polished, except anepimeron and anepisternum mostly gray tomentose; katepimeron in some specimens with a small spot of tomentum on the anterior ventral surface; mediotergite mostly polished black, gray tomentose laterally; scutellum evenly gray tomentose; subscutellum light gray tomentose, lighter gray than scutellum; wing length 1.19–1.80 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.32:0.28:0.15; all coxae polished light brown; all femora somewhat polished brown to black, yellow at extreme distal tips; fore and mid tibiae yellow, slightly infuscated; hind tibia somewhat polished brown on basal half or more, yellow distally; all tarsae yellow except distal 2 tarsomeres brown; femoral organ not imaged; tibial organ light brown.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: One or two pairs strong scapular setae (fig. 7); scutum and scutellum with yellow setae and setulae.</p><p>Abdomen: Syntergite 1+2 brown centrally, yellow laterally in some specimens, in others all tergites are brown with or without narrow yellow posterior tergal margins. Male terminalia (fig. 28): epandrium brown tomentose with many setulae, cerci short, quadrate; surstylus short, parallel sided, distal margin smooth, rounded, dorsal tip slightly angulate. Female terminalia including cerci brown.</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Ontario, Prince Edward Island). United States (Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, West Virginia, Wisconsin).</p><p>Discussion.—This species is like M. albipalpis in having an entirely polished ventral pleuron, only the anepisternum and anepimeron are tomentose but occasionally the anterior surface of katepisternum may show some tomentum. It differs from M. albipalpis in having one, rarely, two, pairs of strong, black scapular setae, a character shared by one other Microcercis species, M. dorsata .</p><p>Many mid-west to western specimens are darker in overall color than the eastern material examined. The polished ventral portions of the pleuron are nearly black in some western specimens while more brownish in the eastern material.</p><p>Foreleg color can also vary. I have seen a few specimens with entirely yellow forelegs.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFC21E307582B6E114A3F939	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFCD1E317582B6A9146DF8E6.text	03C9E121FFCD1E317582B6A9146DF8E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis dorsata (Foster 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis dorsata (Loew)</p><p>(Fig. 17, 29)</p><p>Oscinis dorsalis Loew, 1869: 43 . (Cent. VIII, no. 77). Preoccupied name. Type locality: Rhode Island. Deposited Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ), Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts .</p><p>Oscinis dorsata Loew, 1872: 115 . (Cent. X, appendix, incorrectly cited by Loew as “ Cent. IX, no. 77”) [Change of name]. Type locality: Newport, Rhode Island. Deposited MCZ. NEW COMBINATION .</p><p>Botanobia spiniger Malloch, 1918: 109 . Type locality: Urbana Illinois, Augerville Woods. Deposited INHS.</p><p>Oscinella spiniger .— Sabrosky 1935: 258, 264, 267; Sabrosky 1936: 722 723 [Synonym of dorsata].</p><p>Incertella dorsata . — Sabrosky 1980: 421 [new comb. with Incertella]</p><p>Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle mostly gray with posterior corners yellow to mostly yellow with ocellar tubercle black or gray tomentose on tubercle and slightly towards apex; vertex yellow; occiput gray to black tomentose; postpedicel usually brown dorsally, yellow ventrally but rarely nearly all brown; prosternum brown; one pair of strong, black, scapular setae between postpronotal lobes; scutum gray; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron often light yellow; pleuron varies from brown with yellow areas to mostly orange; ventral polished area continuous from propleuron to meron; femora brown to black, fore and mid tibiae yellow, hind tibia darker; tibial organ light brown; syntergite 1+2 usually brown but may be yellowish, with or without narrow yellow posterior margins; male cerci small triangulate to quadrate lobes; surstylus short, parallel sided, distal margin smooth, rounded, dorsal tip angulate.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: 1.28−1.96 mm; male: 1.04−1.80 mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle mostly gray with posterior corners yellow to mostly yellow with ocellar tubercle black or gray tomentose on tubercle and slightly towards apex; vertex yellow to dark gray; occiput brown to black tomentose either entirely or mainly in center behind head; frons yellow; scape and pedicel yellow, postpedicel dorsal two−thirds black, ventral third yellow, sometimes mostly black with a narrow band of yellow along ventral margin; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, gena, and clypeus yellow; prementum polished brown, labellum yellow, occasionally brown; gena to eye ratio 0.23.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae yellow; interfrontal setae yellow; ocellar setae orange yellow; postocellar setae orange yellow to black; outer vertical setae orange to black; inner vertical setae orange to black; postocular setae mostly yellow, postocular region often with one strong black postocular seta at about the dorsal third of the occiput; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum bright yellow; prescutum polished black; scutum tomentose, may be entirely gray to black or with two broad yellow areas anteriorly, or grayish yellow on the anterior half and light gray on posterior half; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron yellow; pleuron may be entirely yellow or with the following color and tomentum pattern: mostly yellow except dark brown along the anterior margin of the anepisternum, the anterior margin of the anepimeron, the anterior ventral portion of the katepisternum, the katatergite, most of the meron just above the hind coxa; anepisternum and anepimeron lightly tomentose, remainder of pleuron polished; mediotergite mostly polished black, gray tomentose on lateral areas; scutellum can be entirely yellow or light gray or yellow only at posterior tip when viewed from posterior, entirely tomentose; subscutellum light gray to yellow tomentose; wing length 1.36–1.98 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.54:0.34:0.19; fore and hind coxa yellow, mid coxa light brown or yellow; all femora yellow, except mid femur mostly yellow with a brown spot on central posterior surface; fore and mid tibia yellow, hind tibia dark centrally; tarsomeres 1−3 dark yellow to light yellow, tarsomeres 4−5 dark; femoral organ not imaged; tibial organ brown or yellow.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: One pair strong, black, scapular setae; scutum and scutellum with yellow setae and setulae.</p><p>Abdomen: Syntergite 1+2 brown centrally, yellow laterally; remaining tergites brown with narrow yellow posterior margins. Male terminalia (fig. 29): epandrium brown tomentose with many setulae; cerci small triangulate to quadrate lobes; surstylus short, parallel sided, distal margin smooth, rounded, dorsal tip angulate. Female cerci and terminalia black.</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: Canada (Prince Edward Island). United States (Connecticut, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Missouri, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, Virginia).</p><p>Discussion.—This species is distinguished from most other Nearctic Microcercis species by the overall yellow ground color of the body and a pair of strong, black scapular setae on each side of the anterior scutum between the postpronotal lobes, a character shared with M. bispina . The colors of the pleuron can be quite variable in depth, when in doubt the presence of the strong, black scapular setae confirm the identity of M. dorsata . It also, very often, has one strong, black postocular seta about a third of the way ventrad from the vertex.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFCD1E317582B6A9146DF8E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFCF1E357582B0D51255FC4D.text	03C9E121FFCF1E357582B0D51255FC4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis infesta (Becker 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis infesta (Becker)</p><p>(Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 12, 13, 18, 30)</p><p>Oscinella infesta Becker, 1912: 108 . Type locality: Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Deposited NMNH. NEW COMBINATION .</p><p>Oscinella infesta .— Sabrosky 1936: 712–714, 721, 725 [in key, group D; discussion of type material; comparison with incerta and bispina; insularis as possible jr. syn.].— Sabrosky 1965: 780 [N. Am. catalog, distrib.].</p><p>Conioscinella infesta . — Davis and Gray 1966: 281, 284, 285–289, 292 [biology, salt marshes].</p><p>Incertella infesta . — Sabrosky 1980: 421 [n. comb.]; Foote, 2004: 168 [associated with Carex in freshwater marsh (this ID is in doubt)].</p><p>Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle gray; vertex and occiput gray; postpedicel usually black dorsally, yellow ventrally but occasionally mostly brown with small spot of yellow on ventral margin; prosternum bright yellow; scutum gray, tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron gray tomentose; pleuron gray, dorsally tomentose, ventral half from propleuron to anterior katepisternum polished, posterior katepisternum and meron tomentose; foreleg mostly yellow, mid and hind femora gray, all tibiae yellow, hind tibia darker; tibial organ yellow; syntergite 1+2 usually bright yellow with small brown spots laterally and on mid line, remaining tergites brown with narrow yellow posterior margins; male cerci prominent, triangulate with rounded margin; surstylus short, polished black, triangulate with wide distal tip and smooth straight margin.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: 1.29−1.86 mm; male: 1.10−1.40 mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle evenly grey tomentose; vertex and occiput grey; frons orangish yellow to bright yellow; scape and pedicel light brown to yellow, postpedicel black dorsally and around base of arista, remainder yellow; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, gena, and clypeus bright yellow in fresh specimens, sometimes turning orange over time; prementum polished bright yellow, labellum bright yellow; gena to eye ratio 0.20.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae yellow to brown; interfrontal setae yellow to brown; ocellar setae yellow to brown; postocellar setae yellow to gray; outer vertical setae yellow to gray; inner vertical setae yellow to gray; postocular setae short, fine, dark; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum bright yellow; prescutum polished black; scutum gray, tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron grey tomentose; pleuron gray, dorsally tomentose, ventral half from propleuron to anterior katepisternal margin polished black, most of katepisternum tomentose, small posterior portion of katepisternum and meron polished black; mediotergite polished black laterally, tomentose in center below the scutellum; scutellum concolorous with scutum; subscutellum tomentose; wing length 1.14–1.68 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.50:0.32:0.13; foreleg variable, typically entirely bright yellow except for a variably greyish area on posterior surface of fore femur; mid and hind coxae black; mid and hind femora light to dark grey tomentose except base and tips usually yellow, some specimens mid and hind femora entirely dark gray; all tibiae yellow except hind tibia may be greyish on dorsal surface; basal tarsomere yellow, apical four tarsomeres light brown; femoral organ as in figure 10; tibial organ usually somewhat indistinct, concolorous with rest of tibia.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: Scapular setae absent; scutum and scutellum with yellow setulae.</p><p>Abdomen: Syntergite 1+2 usually bright yellow with small brown spots laterally and on mid line, remaining tergites brown with narrow yellow posterior margins. Male terminalia (figs. 12, 30): epandrium grey tomentose with many setulae, male cerci prominent, triangulate with rounded margin; surstylus short, polished black, triangulate with wide distal tip and smooth straight margin. Female cerci brown, contrasting with bright yellow terminalia.</p><p>Type material examined.—A male specimen from the original type series was deposited in the type collection of the NMNH and was assumed to be the holotype. Becker did not designate a holotype, rather a type series of one male and two females. Sabrosky (1936) stated that one of the females from the type series should be considered the type. This specimen was placed in an individual tray within the regular collection with a lectotype label and went unnoticed until now. Sabrosky did not specifically state that he designated a lectotype, saying only that “the other female must therefore be designated as the type of infesta, since Becker stated that the type series was in Melander’s collection”. As to the other female of the type series, Sabrosky noted that it has scapular setae and was therefore M. bispina . I found this specimen as well and it is indeed M. bispina .</p><p>The LECTOTYPE, female, is missing the head, both wings, the right foreleg except the coxa, all of the scutellar setae except the right lateral and is mounted on a minuten pinned through the venter of the fly. The pin is inserted in a card that is mounted on an insect pin. The specimen has five labels: the top-most [faded yellow] has “Woods Hole Mass” type written; the second label [red] with “TYPE” typewritten; the third label [white] has “ Oscinella infesta Beck. ” handwritten in black ink with “det. Becker” typewritten under it; the fourth label has “A. L. Melander Collection” on a white label with a green dotted pattern on the right side; the fifth label [white] has “ LECTOTYPE ” typewritten on the first line, then hand written “ Oscinella infesta Becker ”, then type written“ designated C. W. Sabrosky” and hand written “1936”.</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island). United States (Alabama, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio [inland salt marsh], South Carolina, Texas, Virginia).</p><p>Discussion.—This species is distinguished from other Microcercis species by the bright yellow syntergite 1 + 2 in most fresh material becoming darker in older specimens. In occasional specimens, however, the syntergite 1 + 2 is mostly gray. This variability can be problematic when separating M. infesta from M. insularis . The pattern of tomentum on the pleuron helps separate these two species in these cases. The male surstyli differ greatly between the two species, M. infesta being widely spatulate (fig. 30) and M. insularis showing a distinct projection on the medial surface of the surstylus (fig. 31).</p><p>The pattern of the black polished areas of the pleuron are unique to M. infesta . Sabrosky (1936), incorrectly, in the key, characterizes M. infesta as having a completely tomentose pleuron while Becker (1912) in his original description states that the pleuron, with the exception of the anepisternum and anepimeron is glossy black. The polished pattern is more complex than Becker’s description states. See the description of M. infesta, above, and that of M. insularis, below, for details.</p><p>Becker described the type as having the abdomen entirely brown with only the posterior margins yellow, however I found that the lectotype exhibits a yellow syntergite 1+2.</p><p>The leg coloration described above is typical to most specimens though not universal. There are variations as some specimens can be darker than others.</p><p>Notes.—I have collected this species in large numbers on both the wet and dry sand zone grasses on and near salt marshes. It typically shares the habitat with M. insularis, M. trifeminarum, and M. laytoni although M. infesta usually outnumbers those species. The number of individuals collected at a site often varies with the condition of the habitat. When the weather has been hot and dry for several days the numbers of individuals can decrease nearly to zero. I have collected all four species in both very hot, dry conditions and cooler, wetter days. For example, over the 17 th –24 th of July 2021 at the Sally Cove site described above, I found hundreds of individuals at the start of the period with a gradual decrease to almost none as the week continued with no rainfall.</p><p>All the specimens I examined were from coastal and inland salt marsh localities from New England through Florida and the Gulf States to California.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFCF1E357582B0D51255FC4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFC81E367582B47D11ECFB49.text	03C9E121FFC81E367582B47D11ECFB49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis insularis (Malloch 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis insularis (Malloch)</p><p>(Fig. 19, 31)</p><p>Botanobia insularis Malloch, 1914: 26 . Type locality: Wallops Island, Virginia. Deposited NMNH. NEW COMBINATION Oscinella insularis . — Sabrosky 1936: 712, 714, 725 [in key, discussion, prob. jr. syn. of infesta].</p><p>Incertella insularis . — Sabrosky 1980: 421 [n. comb.]</p><p>Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle gray; vertex and occiput gray; postpedicel usually black dorsally around base of arista or more, yellow ventrally; prosternum gray; scutum gray, tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron gray tomentose, concolorous with scutum; pleuron gray tomentose except small spot on propleuron just below the anterior spiracle, posterior third of katepisternum and the meron polished black; femora brown to black, fore and mid tibiae yellow, hind tibia darker; tibial organ light brown; syntergite 1+2 usually brown but may be yellowish, with or without narrow yellow posterior margins; surstylus strongly angulate with a medial projection.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: 1.20−1.70 mm; male: 1.11−1.43 mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle evenly grey tomentose; vertex and occiput gray; frons anterior half yellow, posterior half brownish; scape and pedicel brownish to yellow, postpedicel black around base of arista often extending to half of the segment, remainder yellow; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, and gena bright yellow; clypeus gray, prementum polished brown to black, labellum bright yellow; gena to eye ratio 0.20.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae brown to black; interfrontal setae brown to black; ocellar setae brown to black; postocellar setae black; outer vertical setae black; inner vertical setae gray; postocular setae short, fine, white; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum gray; prescutum polished black; scutum entirely gray tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron gray tomentose, concolorous with scutum; pleuron gray tomentose except small spot on propleuron just below the anterior spiracle, posterior third of katepisternum and meron polished black; katatergite dark yellow; anatergite gray; mediotergite gray tomentose; scutellum and subscutellum gray tomentose; wing length 1.02–1.43 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.46:0.33:0.16; fore coxa mostly dark yellow, occasionally with slight, gray tomentum on anterior surface, mid and hind coxae gray tomentose; all femora gray tomentose except base and distal tips narrowly yellow; tibiae lightly gray tomentose; tarsi yellow except 4 th and 5 th tarsomeres brown; femoral organ two rows of short warts with flattened setae as in figure 9; tibial organ grayish.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: Scapular seta absent; all scutal and scutellar setae brownish, dark.</p><p>Abdomen: Syntergite 1+2 usually brown but may be yellowish, with or without narrow yellow posterior margins. Male terminalia (fig. 31): epandrium grey tomentose, male cerci present as small lobes, sometimes barely evident; surstylus strongly angulate with a medial projection. Female cerci gray, concolorous with the rest of the abdomen.</p><p>Type material examined—A male specimen with a “TYPE” label is deposited in the NMNH type collection. Malloch (1914) noted that three specimens comprised the type series, dated June 1, 1913, collected by McAtee. No specimens matching that precise date were found in the NMNH collection, but one with a closely related date, May 29, 1913, and collected by McAtee, was discovered. Given Malloch’s omission of a holotype designation and the absence or probable misreporting of the collection date for all three specimens, the one that has been labeled as the holotype is now designated as LECTOTYPE. This specimen could have been chosen by Sabrosky with the intention of designating it as lectotype. It is in good condition with all body parts present except the left midleg and left wing. The specimen has shriveled, but the diagnostic features, particularly the pattern of the tomentum on the pleuron, can be observed, confirming the identity of this species.</p><p>It has four labels: the topmost label, [white], has “ Wallops Id. Va. May-29-1913 ” typewritten; the second label, [white], has “ W.L. McAtee collector” typewritten; the third label [red] has “ Type No. and U.S. N.M.” typewritten and “20066” handwritten; the fourth label [white] has ” Botanobia insularis Mall. ” handwritten.</p><p>There is one additional male with a paratype label in the NMNH regular collection. It is labeled Wallops Island, May 25, 1913, W. L. McAtee collector, with a red PARATYPE label. It is in good condition but is clearly M. infesta, not M. insularis .</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: United States (California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia).</p><p>Discussion.—This species is distinguished from most other Microcercis species by its almost entirely gray tomentose scutum and the two small, polished areas, described above, of the pleuron. Also, the clypeus and prementum are dark as opposed to yellow in most other species.</p><p>Sabrosky (1936) had posited that M. insularis is probably a synonym of M. infesta, however the surstylus of M. insularis, with the medial tooth-like projection, is a conspicuous and reliable character that confirms its specific status.</p><p>Note.—This is another salt marsh and beach grass specialist and is often found along with M. infesta, M. trifeminarum and M. laytoni .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFC81E367582B47D11ECFB49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFCB1E287582B57914D7F889.text	03C9E121FFCB1E287582B57914D7F889.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis minor (Foster 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis minor (Adams)</p><p>(Fig. 9, 20, 33, 34)</p><p>Oscinis minor Adams, 1905: 110 . Type locality: Opelousas, Louisiana. Deposited FMNH. NEW COMBINATION .</p><p>Oscinella minor .— Becker 1912: 104, 107, 118 [in key, description].— Sabrosky 1935: 258, 264, 256, 267 [key and discussion including a brief description and biological notes].— Sabrosky 1936: 713 714, 725 726 [Division B in key, discussion of type material, distribution].— Sabrosky 1965: 780 [catalog].</p><p>Botanobia (Oscinis) proxima, Malloch, 1914: 25 .— Malloch 1915: 162 [syn. of minor].</p><p>Incertella minor .— Sabrosky 1980: 421 [placement in Incertella].— Sabrosky and Paganelli, 1984: 18 [Mexico record, Nuevo León].— Foote 2007: 11 [assoc. with damaged stems of spike rush, Eleocharis palustris in Ohio].</p><p>Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle yellow except ocellar tubercle gray to black, evenly tomentose; vertex light grayish yellow; occiput gray to black; postpedicel dorsal one third to one half black, remainder yellow; prosternum bright yellow; scutum ground color yellow anteriorly, gray posteriorly, entirely tomentose; postpronotal lobe yellow, tomentose; notopleuron mostly light gray to yellow, tomentose; pleuron mostly to entirely yellow, katepisternum and meron may be mostly brown, ventral polished area continuous from propleuron to meron; legs various from mostly yellow with dark spot on central portion of hind femur and tibia to mostly dark gray, tarsi dark; tibial organ light gray to yellow; syntergite 1+2 usually yellow with brownish spots medially and laterally, remaining tergites brown with yellow posterior margins; male cerci small, rounded triangulate; surstylus long, narrow, parallel sided, distally rounded with angulate tip.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: 1.18−1.68 mm; male: 1.10−1.47 mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle dull grey to blackish only on the ocellar tubercle, the remainder yellow to orange, tomentose; vertex light grayish yellow; occiput dark gray to black tomentose dorsally, becoming orange/yellow ventrally; frons yellow; scape and pedicel yellow, postpedicel dorsal one third to one half black, remainder yellow; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, gena and clypeus bright yellow; prementum polished brown, labellum light to dark brown; gena to eye ratio 0.20.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae dark brown to black; interfrontal setae brown; ocellar setae gray to black; postocellar setae gray to black; outer vertical setae gray to black; inner vertical setae gray; postocular setae short, fine, gray to black; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum bright yellow; prescutum polished black; scutum with yellow setulae, gray tomentum over a yellowish ground color anteriorly becoming a gray ground color posteriorly; postpronotal lobe yellow; notopleuron light gray to yellow, tomentose; pleuron mostly to entirely yellow, katepisternum and meron may be mostly brown, ventral polished area continuous from propleuron to meron; anatergite light gray and lateral portions of mediotergite darker and more densely gray tomentose, mediotergite black and lightly tomentose centrally; scutellum mostly gray, tomentose medially with margin yellow, yellow color sometimes only visible from posterior view; subscutellum with light gray tomentum; wing length 1.16–1.56 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.43:0.27:0.19; legs various from mostly yellow with dark spot on central portion of hind femur and tibia to mostly dark gray, tarsi dark; femoral organ as in figure 9; tibial organ light gray to yellow.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: Scapular seta absent; scutal and scutellar setae yellow to black.</p><p>Abdomen: Syntergite 1+2 mostly yellowish with brownish areas medially and laterally; remaining tergites brown centrally, yellow along the posterior margin and lateral edges, with many scattered yellowish setulae. Male terminalia (figs. 33, 34): epandrium black tomentose, cerci small, rounded triangulate; surstylus long, narrow, parallel sided, distally rounded with angulate tip. Female cerci and preceding segment black, contrasting with bright yellow terminalia.</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan). Mexico (Nuevo León). United States (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, Wyoming).</p><p>Discussion.—This species is distinguished from most other Microcercis species by its mostly yellow, ventrally polished, pleuron and yellowish to mostly gray scutum. Also, the male surstyli are longer than the other species of Microcercis .</p><p>I have mostly found this species on lawns and other grassy areas inland but have seen some material from coastal marshes and beach dunes. I usually only find a few specimens at a time, the most being eight specimens from a grassy lawn area at the entrance to the Alpha Ridge Landfill in Howard County Maryland .</p><p>Sabrosky (1935) reports that M. minor can be extremely common in Kansas (nearly one half of all the M. minor material examined for this study came from Kansas, likely due to the heavy collecting done there in the 1930s by Sabrosky and others), and it has often been taken sweeping pasture grasses and wheat. He also notes that it has been reared from wheat and that the species has three generations per year beginning in April and continuing to November. Additional records (below) indicate that it has also been reared from barley, corn, Elymus, Stipa, and the egg pod of a grasshopper, Melanoplus bivittatus (Say, 1825) . The latter record is unconfirmed and likely doubtful.</p><p>Based on the material examined from multiple states, M. minor seems to be the most common and ubiquitous species of the genus in North America. Fresh specimens are orangish, becoming more yellow with drying and ageing, and there is a less common form that shows a darker mesonotum, pleuron, and legs.</p><p>Adams (1905) based his description on four specimens from Opelousas, Louisiana without designating any one of them as the holotype. Sabrosky (1936) having found and examined them in the Hough Collection of the Field Museum of Chicago, designated a female of the series as lectotype but gave no more information.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFCB1E287582B57914D7F889	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFD41E2A7582B0D5142FFDC1.text	03C9E121FFD41E2A7582B0D5142FFDC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis johanni Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis johanni new species</p><p>http://zoobank.org:act: B95BE9ED-AC9D-4FFB-A6FC-BA811BAEB6E2</p><p>(Fig. 21, 32)</p><p>Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle yellow except ocellar tubercle brown to black; vertex yellow; occiput gray to black; frons yellow; postpedicel black dorsally, yellow ventrally; prosternum bright yellow; scutum ground color yellow, with four variously distinct brighter yellow vittae; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron yellow; pleuron mostly yellow with light brown areas, ventral polished area continuous from propleuron to meron; coxae yellow, femora yellow to light brown, tibiae all yellow to brown, the hind tibia often with a central brown spot; tibial organ bright yellow; abdominal tergites brown with narrow yellow posterior margins; surstylus short, parallel sided with a slight posterior curvature, distal tip squared, angulate.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: 1.43–1.68 mm; male: 1.30 mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle yellow tomentose, ocellar tubercle brown to black; vertex yellow, tomentose; occiput brown to black, tomentose; frons yellow; scape and pedicel yellow, postpedicel black dorsally, yellow ventrally; arista black, short pubescent; face, palps, gena and clypeus bright yellow tomentose; prementum and labellum light brown; gena to eye ratio 0.22.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae brown; interfrontal setae brown; ocellar setae black, erect; postocellar setae black; outer vertical setae black; inner vertical setae black; postocular setae black; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum bright yellow; prescutum polished brown to black; scutum with whitish tomentum on yellow ground color with four brighter yellow vittae, vittae sometimes faint; postpronotal lobe yellow; notopleuron yellow; pleuron mostly yellow with light brown areas, ventral polished area continuous from propleuron to meron; mediotergite polished black; scutellum light brown centrally with yellow margin, whitish tomentum; wing length 1.20–1.62 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.47:0.34:0.18; coxae yellow, femora often entirely yellow, occasionally darker yellow to brownish, sometimes hind femur with a brown patch ventrally, tibiae may all be yellow or with hind tibia with a brown patch dorsally, tarsi sometimes brown; femoral organ not imaged; tibial organ bright yellow lighter than surrounding tibia.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: Scapular setae absent; scutum and scutellum with yellow to brown setae and setulae.</p><p>Abdomen: Tergites brown with yellow posterior margin; sternites yellow; Male terminalia (fig. 32); specimen is uncleared due to the paucity of material): epandrium grey tomentose; cercus not imaged; surstylus parallel sided with a slight posterior curvature, distal tip squared, angulate. Female cerci brown.</p><p>Type material.— The HOLOTYPE male is labeled [white label] CALIFORNIA / Inyo Co. Big Pine 4000’ 9 Sept. 1965 M. S. Mulla //[white label] ♂ //[red highlighted] HOLOTYPE/ Microcercis johanni G. A. Foster 2023 ♂ // [inverted white label] USNMENT 01519360 .</p><p>The holotype is double mounted on a white paper point, is in good condition, and is deposited in the NMNH.</p><p>PARATYPES, (3♂, 5♀; NMNH): UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Inyo Co.: Big Pine, 4000’, 9 Sep 1965 , M. S. Mulla (1♂, 1♀; NMNH) .</p><p>FLORIDA. Alachua Co.: Gainesville, 29 Apr 1937, L. J. Bottimer (1♀; NMNH); Pinellas Co.: Clearwater, 15 Sept 1976, G. C. Steyskal (2♀; NMNH) .</p><p>KANSAS. Riley Co.: Keats, 4 mi. S, 8 May 1932, C. W. Sabrosky (1♀; NMNH) .</p><p>SOUTH CAROLINA. Pickens Co.: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.7731&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.7193" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.7731/lat 34.7193)">Central</a>, 34.71930 -82.77310, no date, (1m [head missing], 1♀), M. Ferro .</p><p>Distribution.— United States.(California, Florida, Kansas, South Carolina)</p><p>Discussion.—Externally this species is nearly identical to Conioscinella ovalis and is easily mistaken for that species.</p><p>The two species share the often pronounced but sometimes faint yellow vittae on the scutum. This species differs from C. ovalis in having shorter, somewhat less dense, microtrichiae of the eye, a shorter head that is slightly longer than high. The gena of C. ovalis is wider (about 0.30 times of the eye height), the postpedicel is entirely yellow whereas in M. johanni it is brown to black dorsally, and the black spot on the ocellar tubercle is oval, extending slightly from the tubercle anteriorly into the ocellar triangle. The male genitalia differ in that the male surstylus of the C. ovalis species is longer and spatulate and the cercus is long and prominant, where in M. johanni the surstylus is much shorter spatulate with an angulate distal tip and the cercus appears to be small and weak.</p><p>M. johanni is also similar in appearance to M. minor but differs in often having brown to black areas on the ventral margin of the anepimeron, the anterior margin of the anepisternum and sometimes a dark spot on the ventral portion of the katepisternum. The pleuron of M. minor varies from evenly yellow to having very light grey tomentum on the anepimeron and anepisternum. It is important to note that pleural and scutal color patterns can vary, which is typically the case with the Chloropidae . Some specimens barely show the scutal vittae while in others they are distinct. They are absent in M. minor . The pleural markings vary from light yellow and barely discernable to darker and obvious.</p><p>Taxonomic Note. —I examined all the specimens in the NMNH collection that were in trays labeled as “ Incertella ovalis (Adams) ” and that is when I discovered the trays included two species, one clearly a Conioscinella and the other one was a new species of Microcercis, described here. The Field Museum of Natural History very kindly sent me the holotype of ovalis and I have confirmed it to be Conioscinella .</p><p>Etymology.—The name johanni is a genitive patronym honoring my son, Johann Walter Foster. Johann has always been supportive of my work and provides a lot of humor while so doing.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFD41E2A7582B0D5142FFDC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFD71E2C7582B2E914B6FD25.text	03C9E121FFD71E2C7582B2E914B6FD25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis laytoni Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis laytoni new species</p><p>http://zoobank.org:act: 2744DC3D-D06B-4CFA-ABBA-B065F111439A</p><p>(Fig. 23)</p><p>Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle entirely yellow; vertex and occiput gray orange; frons yellow; postpedicel brown dorsally around base of arista or more, remainder yellow; prosternum yellow; scutum entirely gray; postpronotal lobe mostly yellow, may be gray along dorsal margin; notopleuron gray; pleuron mostly to entirely gray, tomentose except small spot below the anterior spiracle, posterior surface of the katepisternum and meron polished; legs mostly gray except femora yellow at distal tips; tibial organ yellowish; abdominal tergites uniformly brown with narrow yellow posterior margins.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: unknown; male: 1.07–1.21mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle evenly grey tomentose; vertex and occiput grey tomentose; frons yellow; scape and pedicel brown, postpedicel mostly brown dorsally, ventral half or less yellow; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, gena, and clypeus yellow tomentose; prementum polished brown, labellum yellow; gena to eye ratio 0.20.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae brownish; interfrontal setae brownish; ocellar setae black; postocellar setae black; outer vertical setae black; inner vertical setae black; postocular setae dark; vibrissae black; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum yellow; prescutum polished black; postpronotal lobe yellow on ventral half or more; notopleuron gray; scutum entirely grey tomentose; pleuron mostly grey tomentose except small spot below the anterior spiracle, posterior surface of the katepisternum and meron polished; mediotergite entirely grey tomentose; scutellum gray tomentose; subscutellum yellowish tomentose; wing length 0.95–1.24 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.34:0.29:0.16; legs nearly entirely grey tomentose except femora yellowish at distal tips; tarsi yellow except distal tarsomere black or brown; all femora and tibiae with only light scattered setulae; femoral organ not imaged; tibial organ narrow, yellowish.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: Scapular setae absent; scutal and scutellar setae black.</p><p>Abdomen: Abdominal tergites and sternites uniformly brown with posterior margins of tergites yellow. Male terminalia (not imaged due to lack of males, cerci and surstyli appear very similar to M. bispina and M. dorsata): epandrium blackish tomentose with many setulae. Female unknown.</p><p>Type material.— <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.12935&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.64853" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.12935/lat 38.64853)">The</a> holotype male is labeled [white label] “DE: Sussex Co.: Angola / Sally Cove: sweeping beach grasses/ 38°38′54.70″N 75°07′45.64″W / 24–27 August 2021 / GA and AM Foster coll.//[white label] ♂ //[red highlighted] HOLOTYPE/ Microcercis laytoni Foster ♂ / G. A. Foster 2023 // USNMENT 01519365 [inverted white label]”</p><p>The holotype is double mounted (0.15mm minuten inserted in a white cube of silicone rubber on a #2 insect pin), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM.</p><p>PARATYPES (4♂, 3♀): DELAWARE. Sussex Co.: Angola, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.12935&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.64853" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.12935/lat 38.64853)">Sally Cove</a> sweeping beach grasses, (38°38′54.70″N 75°07′45.64″W), 24–27 Aug 2021, G. A. and A. M. Foster (1♂; GAF) .</p><p>USA. FLORIDA. St. Johns Co.: St. Augustine, 14 June 1979, Amnon Friedberg (2♀; NMNH) .</p><p>MISSISSIPPI. Harrison Co.: Pass Christian, 8 June 1917, J. M. Aldrich (2♂; NMNH) .</p><p>NEW JERSEY. Ocean Co.: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.088615&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.85583" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.088615/lat 39.85583)">Barnegat</a>, salt marsh Spartina, (39°51′21″N 76°05′19″W), 15 June 2022, William L. Murphy (1♂; GAF) .</p><p>SOUTH CAROLINA. Horry Co.: Myrtle Beach, 28 July 1941, A. L. Melander (1♀; NMNH) .</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: United States (Delaware, Florida, Mississippi, New Jersey, South Carolina).</p><p>Discussion.—This species is distinguished from other Microcercis species by the yellow postpronotal lobe and otherwise nearly entirely brownish gray pleuron with two polished spots, one just under the postpronotal lobe and the other on the posterior surface of the katepisternum and the meron which is very similar to M. insularis, from which it clearly differs in the color of the postpronotal lobe and the male genitalia. I examined the cleared male genitalia of one specimen. The images are too poor for publication but I could clearly see that the cerci are diminutive and the surstyli have a smooth distal margin, lacking the prominent projection of M. insularis .</p><p>Notes.—I collected this species late in the 2021 season (October) and found few specimens so far. It shares the halophilic habitat with M. infesta, M. trifeminarum and M. insularis .</p><p>Etymology.—This species is named in honor of my first grandson, Layton James Arbogast of Baltimore, Maryland. Layton has always shown a great interest in my work and in the natural world.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFD71E2C7582B2E914B6FD25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFD11E2E7582B29111C7FC4D.text	03C9E121FFD11E2E7582B29111C7FC4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis murphyi Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis murphyi new species</p><p>http://zoobank.org:act: 765D9731-7995-488D-A7D1-851715DA3F8D</p><p>(Fig. 22, 35, 36)</p><p>Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle entirely gray; vertex and occiput gray; postpedicel black dorsally around base of arista or more, remainder yellow; scutum entirely gray with white or yellowish tomentum; postpronotal lobe usually yellow; notopleuron light yellow to gray; pleuron usually ventrally polished from propleuron to meron, may show a small spot of tomentum on ventral katepisternum, propleuron and dorsal margin of katepisternum yellow, remainder of katepisternum and meron black, anepisternum mostly gray, may be yellow along dorsal margin, anepimeron gray; fore coxa and femur dark yellow to gray, mid and hind coxae and femora gray to brown, fore and mid tibia dark yellow, hind tibia gray except distal tip; tibial organ yellow; syntergite 1+2 yellow to brown, remaining tergites brown with posterior margins yellow; male cerci barely evident; surstylus broadly spatulate, widening apically, rounded, with an angulate distal margin.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: unknown; male: 1.12–1.31mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle evenly grey, tomentose; vertex and occiput gray, tomentose; frons yellow; scape and pedicel yellow; postpedicel black dorsally around base of arista or more, remainder yellow; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, gena and clypeus bright yellow; prementum polished brown, labellum lighter brown; gena to eye ratio 0.18.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae light brown; interfrontal setae brownish; ocellar setae light brown; postocellar setae black; outer vertical setae black; inner vertical setae light brown; postocular setae yellow; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum yellow; prescutum polished black; scutum entirely gray with white or yellowish tomentum; postpronotal lobe usually yellow; notopleuron light yellow to gray; pleuron usually ventrally polished from propleuron to meron, may show a small spot of tomentum on ventral katepisternum, propleuron and dorsal margin of katepisternum yellow, remainder of katepisternum and meron black, anepisternum mostly gray, may be yellow along dorsal margin, anepimeron gray; katatergite yellow; katepimeron yellow; anatergite and lateral portions of the mediotergite light gray tomentose; center of mediotergite polished black; disc of scutellum with light gray and some yellowish tomentum, scutellum margin faintly yellowish; subscutellum gray tomentose; wing length 1.03–1.11 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.34:0.27:0.14; fore coxa and femur dark yellow to gray, mid and hind coxae and femora gray to brown, fore and mid tibia dark yellow, hind tibia gray except distal tip; femoral organ two rows of short warts with flattened setae (as in fig. 13); tibial organ yellow.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: Scapular seta absent; all scutal and scutellar setae light brown.</p><p>Abdomen: Syntergite 1+2 light brown to yellow, can be darker medially, remaining tergites darker brown, posterior margins yellow, lightly tomentose, with many scattered yellowish setulae, sternites light brown. Male terminalia (figs. 35, 36): epandrium gray tomentose contrasting with yellow posterior margin of 5 th tergite, male cerci barely evident; surstylus broadly spatulate, widening apically, rounded, with an angulate distal margin. Female unknown.</p><p>Type material.— The holotype male is labeled [white label] MD: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.88008&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.18479" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.88008/lat 39.18479)">Howard Co</a>: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.88008&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.18479" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.88008/lat 39.18479)">Columbia</a> / DryStormWaterBasin <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.88008&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.18479" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.88008/lat 39.18479)">Beth Shalom</a> / 39°11′05.25″N 76°52′48.28″W / 08 July 2021 / GA and AM <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.88008&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.18479" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.88008/lat 39.18479)">Foster</a> // [white label] ♂ // [red highlighted] HOLOTYPE / Microcercis murphyi Foster ♂ / G. A. Foster 2023 // [inverted white label] USNMENT 01519366.</p><p>The holotype is double mounted (0.15mm minuten inserted in a white cube of silicone rubber on a #2 insect pin), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM.</p><p>PARATYPES (18♂, 1♀): ALABAMA. Mobile Co.: Kushla, Aug 1916, A. H. Sturtevant (1♂; NMNH) .</p><p>ARKANSAS. Garland Co.: Hot Springs, 15 mi. W, 14–19 May 1979, G. C. Steyskal and K. Spencer (1♂, 1♀: NMNH) .</p><p>DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. no location specified, 11 Aug 1956, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♂; NMNH) .</p><p>MARYLAND. Howard Co.: Columbia, dry storm water basin/ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.88008&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.18479" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.88008/lat 39.18479)">Beth Shalom</a>, (39°11′05.25″N 76°52′48.28″W), 03–04, 06, 08 July 2021, G. A. and A. M. Foster (4♂; GAF) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.89076&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.20916" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.89076/lat 39.20916)">Columbia</a>, residential yard, (39°12′32.97″N 76°53′26.75″W), 05 June 2021, G. A. and A. M. Foster (1♂; GAF) ; Marriottsville, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.9004&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.307003" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.9004/lat 39.307003)">Alpha Ridge Landfill</a> entrance, (39°18′25.21″N 76°54′01.42″W), 07, 11 Sept 2021, 30 April 2022, G. A. and A. M. Foster (5♂; GAF) ; Prince Georges Co.: USGS <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.789505&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.037" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.789505/lat 39.037)">Bee Lab</a> @ PaxWldlfeRef, (39°02′13.20″N 76°47′22.23″W), 15 July 2021, G.A. Foster (3♂; GAF) .</p><p>MASSACHUSETTS. Barnstable Co.: Woods Hole, June 1918, A. H. Sturtevant (2♂; NMNH) .</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: United States (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Maryland, Massachusetts).</p><p>Discussion.—This species is distinguished from most other Microcercis species by the color pattern of the pleuron, ventrally polished from propleuron to meron, propleuron and dorsal margin of katepisternum yellow, remainder of katepisternum and meron black, anepisternum mostly gray, may be yellow along dorsal margin, anepimeron gray.</p><p>I have collected this species at the same time with M. minor in grassy lawn habitats.</p><p>Etymology.—This species is named for my dear friend, editor, supporter and always upbeat colleague, William L. Murphy of Fishers, Indiana.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFD11E2E7582B29111C7FC4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFD31E207582B4791352FDC1.text	03C9E121FFD31E207582B4791352FDC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis trifeminarum Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis trifeminarum new species</p><p>http://zoobank.org:act: F8DEFCBC-3CED-4164-9A63-D9A6E33A4379</p><p>(Fig. 4, 6, 24, 37)</p><p>Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle mostly gray, occasionally with narrow margins of anterior sides yellow, tomentose; vertex gray; occiput gray dorsally becoming yellow ventrally; postpedicel black dorsally around base of arista or more, remainder yellow; prosternum bright yellow; scutum entirely gray with yellowish tomentum; postpronotal lobe yellow; notopleuron yellow with light grayish center to entirely gray; pleuron mostly tomentose except propleuron and posterior surface of katepisternum polished, with propleuron, anterior portion of anepisternum just behind the anterior spiracle yellow; most of anepisternum light grey except dorsal margin yellow; katepisternum darker gray ventrally, dorsal edge yellow; anepimeron mostly light gray except dorsal edge yellow; legs entirely yellow except hind femur and tibia slightly gray; tibial organ yellow; syntergite 1+2 yellow, remaining tergites brown with narrow yellow posterior margins; male cerci barely discernable; surstylus short, triangulate distally with pointed dorsal tip.</p><p>Description.—Body length; female: 1.20–1.73 mm; male: 1.06–1.39 mm.</p><p>Head: Ocellar triangle evenly grey tomentose, often with a narrow margin of yellow along both anterior sides; vertex and occiput gray tomentose becoming yellow halfway down behind the eye; frons yellow; scape and pedicel yellow, postpedicel black around base of arista or more, remainder yellow; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, gena and clypeus bright yellow tomentose; prementum polished light yellow/brown, labellum yellow; gena to eye ratio 0.22.</p><p>Cephalic chaetotaxy: Fronto-orbital setae light brown to black; interfrontal setae yellowish; ocellar setae gray to black; postocellar setae gray to black; outer vertical setae black; inner vertical setae gray; postocular setae black; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.</p><p>Thorax: Prosternum bright yellow; prescutum polished black; scutum gray with yellowish tomentum; postpronotal lobe yellow; notopleuron varies from yellow with light grayish center to entirely gray; pleuron mostly tomentose except propleuron and posterior surface of katepisternum polished, with propleuron, anterior portion of anepisternum just behind the anterior spiracle yellow; most of anepisternum light grey except dorsal margin yellow; katepisternum darker gray ventrally, dorsal edge yellow; anepimeron mostly light gray except dorsal edge yellow; metakatepisternum gray; meron mostly yellow; katatergite yellow; anatergite gray; mediotergite polished black below scutellum, lightly tomentose laterally; scutellum gray tomentose except narrowly yellow along posterior margin; wing length 0.94–1.39 mm, hyaline, costal ratios 0.36:0.33:0.12; all legs entirely yellow except hind femur and tibia with slight grayish tint; apical tarsomeres darker than rest of leg, femoral organ two rows of short warts with flattened setae (as in fig. 9); tibial organ narrow, yellow.</p><p>Thoracic chaetotaxy: Scapular setae absent; scutum and scutellum with yellow setae and setulae.</p><p>Abdomen: Syntergite 1+2 slightly yellowish, remaining tergites mostly brown with posterior margins narrowly yellow, sternites mostly brown with yellow edges. Male terminalia (fig. 37): epandrium grey tomentose; male cerci barely discernable; surstylus short, triangulate distally with pointed dorsal tip. Female cerci black on distal half, basal half yellow.</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: Canada (Prince Edward Island). United States (Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia).</p><p>Type material.— <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.12935&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.64853" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.12935/lat 38.64853)">The</a> HOLOTYPE male is labeled [white label] DE: Sussex Co.: Angola / Sally Cove: salt marsh/dry sand zone Spartina / 38°38′54.70″N 75°07′45.64″W / 15–16 June 2021 / GA and AM Foster coll.// [white label] ♂ // [red highlighted] HOLOTYPE/ Microcercis trifeminarum Foster ♂ / G. A. Foster 2023 // [inverted white label] USNMENT 01519367 .</p><p>The holotype is double mounted (0.15mm minuten inserted in a white cube of silicone rubber on a #2 insect pin), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM.</p><p>PARATYPES (90♂, 73♀):</p><p>CANADA.</p><p>PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. Charlottetown, July 1967, N. L. H. Krauss (1♀; NMNH) .</p><p>USA.</p><p>CONNECTICUT. New Haven Co.: Milford—West Haven, 16 Aug 1978, B. A. Steinly (3♂, 4♀; NMNH) .</p><p>DELAWARE. Kent Co.: Bombay Hook, 10 June 1979, A. Friedberg (1♂, 7♀; NMNH) ; Sussex Co.: Angola, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.12935&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.64853" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.12935/lat 38.64853)">Sally Cove</a>, salt marsh grasses, (38°38′54.70″N 75°07’45.64″W), 07 July 2014, G. A. and A. M. Foster (4♂; GAF) ; same data, 03 July 2015, (1♂; GAF); same data, salt marsh/wet and dry sand zones, 17–25 July 2021, G. A. and A. M. Foster (21♂, 7♀; GAF); same data, dry sand zone grass, (4♂, 5♀; GAF); salt marsh, dry sand zone Spartina, 15–16 June 2021, (2♂, 3♀; GAF) ; same data, wet sand zone Spartina, 15–16 June 2021, (6♂, 3♀; GAF) ; same data, salt marsh/wet and dry sand zones, 17–25 July 2021, (1♂, 2♀; GAF); same data, salt marsh/dry sand zone grass, 17–25 July 2021, (1♂; GAF); same data, sweeping beach grasses, 24–27 Aug 2021, (2♂, 3♀; NMNH); same data, salt marsh and dry sand Spartina, 16–17 Sept 2020, (1♂; GAF) ; same data, sweeping salt marsh grasses, 24–27 Aug, 27 Sep–02 Oct 2021, (4♂, 5♀; GAF) ; same data, sweeping beach grasses, 24–27 Aug, 27 Sep–02 Oct 2021, (11♂, 7♀; GAF) .</p><p>FLORIDA. Alachua Co.: High Springs, 14 Aug 1968, G. F. Hevel (1♂; NMNH) ; Brunswick Co.: Brunswick, 26 June 1931, no collector (1♀; NMNH) ; Gulf Co.: St. Joseph State Park, 1–3 May 1970, W. W. Wirth (7♂, 2♀; NMNH) ; Levy Co.: Cedar Key, salt marsh, 25 Apr 1970, W. W. Wirth (2♀; NMNH) ; Monroe Co.: Bahia Honda Key, seashore, 11 Apr 1970, W. W. Wirth (1♂; NMNH) ; Big Pine Key, 10 Apr 1970, W. W. Wirth (1♂, 2♀; NMNH) ; same data, malaise trap, 13 Apr 1978, (1♀; NMNH); Key West, 23 June 1953, M. R. Wheeler (1♂; NMNH) ; Pinellas Co.: Clearwater, 15 Sept 1976, G. C. Steyskal (2♂; NMNH) ; Taylor Co.: Adams Beach, 24 May 1983, D. S. Chandler (1♂; NMNH) .</p><p>MARYLAND. Anne Arundel Co.: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.51153&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.81314" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.51153/lat 38.81314)">Franklin Point State Park</a>, sweeping tall grasses along stream edge, (38°48′47.31″N 76°30′41.49″W), 12 Sep 2022, G. A. and A. M. Foster (1♀; GAF) ; Calvert Co.: North Beach, Walton <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.53012&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.71234" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.53012/lat 38.71234)">Beach Nature Preserve</a>, (38°42′44.43″N 76°31′48.43″W), sweeping Spartina on salt marsh, 9 July 2023, G. A. Foster (2♂, 1♀; GAF) ; Queen Anne’s Co .: Kent <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.23396&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.96575" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.23396/lat 38.96575)">Narrows</a>, salt marsh, on Spartina patens, (38°57′56.70″N 76°14′02.28″W), 28 Aug 2022, G. A. and A. M. Foster (6♂, 1♀; GAF) ; Worcester Co.: Ocean City, 1, 10 Oct 1949, R. T. Mitchell (3♀; NMNH) .</p><p>MASSACHUSETTS. Barnstable Co.: S. Yarmouth, 1 Aug 1939, A. L. Melander (1♀; NMNH); Wellfleet, 29 June 1930, A. L. Melander (1♀; NMNH) ; Essex Co.: Salisbury Beach, on beach, 15 Aug 1982, N. E. Woodley (1♂; NMNH) .</p><p>NEW JERSEY. Ocean Co.: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.088615&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.85583" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.088615/lat 39.85583)">Barnegat</a>, salt marsh Spartina, (39°51′21″N 76°05′19″W), 15 June 2022, William L. Murphy (1♂; NMNH) ; Tuckerton, 28 Aug 1985, M. J. Raupp (1♀; NMNH) ; Tuckerton, 3 mi. S on Great Bay Blvd. Spartina alterniflora, 20 Aug 1973, R. F. Denno (1♂; NMNH) .</p><p>SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston Co.: 6mi. S. of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.341095&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64199" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.341095/lat 32.64199)">Adams Run</a>, swept from salt marsh, (32°38′31.16″N 80°20′27.94″W), 12 Apr 1984, B. A. Foote (1♂, 8♀; PADA) .</p><p>TEXAS. Galveston Co.: Galveston, 10 June 1917, J. M. Aldrich (2♂; NMNH) .</p><p>VIRGINIA. Norfolk Co.: Ocean View, 14 Aug 1969, G. C. Steyskal (1♀; NMNH) .</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: Canada (P. E. Island). United States (Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia).</p><p>Discussion.—This species is distinguished from other Microcercis species by the yellow propleuron, the dorsal third of the katepisternum, and a small portion of the meron. The remainder of the pleuron is mostly grey tomentose with only the propleuron and posterior surface of the katepisternum polished. The legs are usually almost entirely yellow.</p><p>Etymology.—The name trifeminarum (Latin tri = three; feminarum = women) is feminine. It refers to the three women who relaxed on the boat, often in very hot weather, while the author collected flies on the beach and salt marsh. They are Annette Foster, Nancy Olsen and Karen Power.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFD31E207582B4791352FDC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFDD1E217582B2F01456FEC2.text	03C9E121FFDD1E217582B2F01456FEC2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conioscinella ovalis (Adams 1905) Foster 2024	<div><p>Conioscinella ovalis (Adams) NEW COMBINATION</p><p>(Fig. 14, 25, 38, 39, 40)</p><p>Oscinis ovalis Adams, 1905: 110–111 . Type locality: “Tipton” [= Tifton] Georgia (deposited in FMNH). — Malloch, 1913: 259 [sensu Malloch = Hippelates stramineus (Loew)]. NEW COMBINATION</p><p>Oscinella ovalis .— Becker, 1912: 104, 107, 117.— Davis and Gray 1966: 283, 287–289, 292.</p><p>Botanobia marginalis Malloch, 1914: 25 . Type locality: Biscayne Bay, Florida (deposited in NMNH).— Sabrosky 1936: 726 [New synonym].</p><p>Botanobia proxima Malloch, 1914: 25 . Type locality: Wallops Island, Virginia (deposited in NMNH).— Sabrosky 1936: 726 [New synonym].</p><p>Oscinella marginalis .— Sabrosky 1935: 258, 265–266 [coll. records, discussion].</p><p>Incertella ovalis . — Sabrosky 1980: 421 [n. comb.]</p><p>Diagnosis.—Body length; female: 1.45–2.20 mm; male: 1.30–1.85 mm. Ocellar triangle yellow except ocellar tubercle with a black oval that extends onto the triangle;; frons yellow; postpedicel usually mostly yellow, may have light brown coloration around base of arista, distal tip angulate; scutum entirely tomentose, yellow in ground color, with four yellow distinct vittae, lateral vittae longer than the medial, none reach the posterior margin of the scutum; notopleural setae 1 + 2, the posterior dorsal seta shorter, weaker than posterior ventral seta; pleuron mostly tomentose and mostly yellow with black band on ventral margin of anepisternum and the anterior margin of anepimeron; katepisternum may be light brown ventrally or entirely yellow; legs yellow, distal hind femur and hind tibia darker, distal tarsomeres dark; tibial organ bright yellow; abdominal tergites mostly yellow to light brown; male terminalia entirely yellow, cerci long, wide, with a small tooth-like projection medially, surstyli long, simple spatulate (fig. 38).</p><p>Distribution.—Nearctic: Canada (Manitoba). United States (Florida, Kansas, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, North Carolina, Virginia).</p><p>Discussion.—This species clearly runs to Conioscinella in the Manual of Nearctic Diptera . Key characters are the tomentose triangle, scutum and scutellum, 1+2 notopleural setae, facial carina not prominent and the vibrissal angle not produced.</p><p>There is a group of species of Conioscinella in the Nearctic that are mostly yellow in ground color with various patterns of scutal vittae and dark spots on the pleuron. Notably, the genitalia of all the yellow species are virtually identical in having long surstyli and rather long widely separated cerci. These species are C. flavescens, C. nuda, and two undescribed species. C. ovalis clearly belongs in this group.</p><p>It is very similar to M. johanni in overall appearance particularly in having four distinct mesonotal vittae.</p><p>C. ovalis, like other Conioscinella, does not have the longer setae at the base of the ventral basitarsis (fig. 14) (von Tschirnhaus, 2007:131 and pers. comm.) that are present in Microcercis .</p><p>Type material.—The HOLOTYPE male (fig. 25) has seven labels. They are as follows in order from top to bottom: Tifton, Ga. June 8 ’96 [typewritten except the number 8, white label]//Univ. of Chicago G. N. Hough Diptera Colln. [typewritten, white label]// Oscinis then 3 illegible characters [handwritten, off-white label]// Oscinis sp. n ..? No. 4 [handwritten, off-white label]// HOLOTYPE Oscinis ovalis Adams (1937 – C. W. Sabrosky) [handwritten, red label]// FMNHINS 3130641 FIELD MUSEUM pinned and a bar code [typewritten, white label]// PHOTOGRAPHED Allie Stone 2015 Emu Catalog [typewritten, blue label.</p><p>The holotype is double mounted (minuten inserted from the venter of the specimen in an off-white square piece of card stock), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the FMNH .</p><p>At some point a red label had been pinned on the type specimen that reads “1937 – C.W. Sabrosky”. Clearly Sabrosky had examined the specimen before 1937 since he treated it in his 1936 work.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFDD1E217582B2F01456FEC2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFD91E247582B29511F8FB4A.text	03C9E121FFD91E247582B29511F8FB4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis albipalpis (Meigen 1830) von Tschirnhaus 2007	<div><p>Microcercis albipalpis (Meigen, 1830)</p><p>CANADA.</p><p>ALBERTA. Banff, 1, 4 July, 12 Aug 1925, Owen Bryant (4m, 6♀; NMNH) ; Lethbridge Co.: Lethbridge, June 1967, N. L. H. Krauss (2♂: NMNH) . BRITISH COLUMBIA. Fraser-Fort George: Prince George, 550−600m, Aug 1970, N. L. H. Krauss (2♀: NMNH) ; Thompson-Nicola: 8 mi. S Merritt, 19 Aug 1970, Oman (2♀; NMNH) ; Vancouver Is.: Courtenay, 0– 50♂, 1 July 1978, N. L. H. Krauss (1♀; NMNH) ; Courtenay, June 1965, N.L.H. Krauss (5♂, 1♀; NMNH) . MANITOBA. Glenboro–South Cypress Municipality: Aweme, 2, 26 June, 1 Aug 1916, N. Criddle (7♂, 1♀, 1 missing abd.; NMNH) ; Treesbank, 2, 13 [swept from grass], 20, 23, 28 July, 15 Aug 1915, N. Criddle (25♂, 3♀; NMNH) ; St. Boniface: 200–300 m, 17 June 1971, N. L. H. Krauss (3♂, 1♀; NMNH) . NEW BRUNSWICK. Westmoreland Co.: Shediac, 8 Aug 1967, N. L. H. Krauss (1♂; NMNH) . ONTARIO. Waubamick, July 1915, H. S. Parish (1♀; NMNH) . PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. Souris, July 1967, N. L. H. Krauss (1♀; NMNH) . SASKATCHEWAN. Saskatoon, 21 June 1937, A. R. Brooks (1♂; NMNH) ; Saskatoon, 14 July 1939, 17 July 1940, Kenneth M. King (2♂, 1♀; NMNH) . YUKON TERRITORY. Whitehorse, 2000–2200 ft., July 1970, N. L. H. Krauss (1♀; NMNH) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFD91E247582B29511F8FB4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFDB1E267582B0D512E1FDBA.text	03C9E121FFDB1E267582B0D512E1FDBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis bispina (Malloch 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis bispina (Malloch, 1918)</p><p>CANADA.</p><p>ALBERTA. Bilby, 1 July 1924, O. Bryant (1♂; NMNH) . MANITOBA. Glenboro–South Cypress Municipality: Aweme, 12, 24 Aug 1916, N. Criddle (2♂; NMNH) ; Treesbank, 20 July 1915, N. Criddle (1♂; NMNH) . NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-59.15659&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.581173" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -59.15659/lat 47.581173)">Port-au-Basques</a>, sweep, (47°34′52.23″N 59°09′23.72″W), 09 August 1991, D. S. Chandler, (1♀; UNHC) .</p><p>ONTARIO. Parry Sound District: Waubamic, Parry Sound, 7 July 1915, J. M. Aldrich (1♀; NMNH); Whitney, Algonquin Park, 26–30 June 1955, C. W. Sabrosky (1♂; NMNH) .</p><p>PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. P. E. I. National Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.109543&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.42272" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.109543/lat 46.42272)">Stanhope Campground</a>, sweep, (46°25′21.79″N 63°06′34.36″W), 13 August 1991, D. S. Chandler, (3♂, 3♀; UNHC) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFDB1E267582B0D512E1FDBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFDA1E277582B1CC135CFD98.text	03C9E121FFDA1E277582B1CC135CFD98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis dorsata (Foster 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis dorsata (Loew, 1869)</p><p>CANADA.</p><p>PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND: P. E. I. National Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.109543&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.42272" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.109543/lat 46.42272)">Stanhope Campground</a>, sweep, (46°25′21.79″N 63°06′34.36″W), 13 August 1991, D. S. Chandler, (3♂; UNHC) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFDA1E277582B1CC135CFD98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFE51E187582B0D5157EFEC5.text	03C9E121FFE51E187582B0D5157EFEC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis infesta (Becker 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis infesta (Becker, 1912)</p><p>CANADA.</p><p>NEW BRUNSWICK. Moncton, July 1967, N. L. H. Krauss (3♂, 2♀; NMNH) . NOVA SCOTIA. Digby, 0– 100 m, June 1972, N. L. H. Krauss (1♀; NMNH) . PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND; P. E. I. National Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.109543&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.42272" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.109543/lat 46.42272)">Stanhope Campground</a>, sweep, (46°25′21.79″N 63°06′34.36″W), 13 August 1991, D. S. Chandler, (5♂, 2♀; UNHC) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFE51E187582B0D5157EFEC5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFE71E1B7582B1F410C9FE29.text	03C9E121FFE71E1B7582B1F410C9FE29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis insularis (Malloch 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis insularis (Malloch, 1914)</p><p>USA.</p><p>CALIFORNIA. Contra Costa Co.: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-122.4096&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.940903" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -122.4096/lat 37.940903)">Pt. Molate</a>, (37°56′27.24″N 122°24′34.56″W), 3 May 2021, P. Rude (2♂, 8♀; EMEC; [EMEC1423912 – EMEC1423921]) ; Pt. Molate, (37°56′15.61″N 122°24′42.62″W), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-122.41184&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.93767" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -122.41184/lat 37.93767)">Bay Mud Flats</a>, 13 May 2022, P. Rude (9♂, 5♀; GAF) . CONNECTICUT. Fairfield Co.: S. Norwalk, 5 July 1930, A. L. Melander (1♂; NMNH); Westport, 13 July 1932, A. L. Melander (3♂, 1♀; NMNH) ; New Haven Co.: Branford, salt marsh, “1975”, N. Olmstead (1♀; NMNH) ; Milford-West Haven, W. Dennis, 11Aug 1978, B. A. Steinly (6♂, 1♀: NMNH) ; Milford-West Haven, Indian River, 16 Aug 1978, B. A. Steinly (20♂, 5♀; NMNH) ; same data, Anchor Beach, 5, 6, 15 Aug 1978, 6 June 1979, (8♂, 3♀; NMNH) ; Milford, Oyster River, 8 June 1979, B. A. Steinly (2♂; NMNH) . DELAWARE. Sussex Co.: Angola, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.12935&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.64853" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.12935/lat 38.64853)">Sally Cove</a>, salt marsh, wet and dry sand zones, (38°38′54.70″N 75°07′45.64″W), 17–25 July 2021, G. A. and A. M. Foster (20♂, 7♀; GAF) ; same data, dry sand zone, (4♂, 1♀; GAF); same data, salt marsh, dry sand zone Spartina, 15–16 June 2021, (2♂; GAF) ; same data, wet sand zone Spartina, 15–16 June 2021, (26♂, 4♀; GAF) ; same data, salt marsh and dry sand Spartina, 08 July 2020, (1♂, 2♀; GAF) ; same data, sweeping salt marsh grasses, 24–27 Aug, 27 Sep–02 Oct 2021, (25♂, 3♀; GAF); same data, sweeping beach grasses, 24–27 Aug, 27 Sep–02 Oct 2021, (24♂, 10♀; GAF); Angola, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.09149&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.62639" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.09149/lat 38.62639)">Lynch Thicket</a>, (38°37′35.01″N 75°05′29.35″W), 07 Sept 2015, (3♂; GAF) . FLORIDA. Brunswick Co.: Brunswick, 26 June 1931, no collector (1♂; NMNH) ; Gulf Co.: St. Joseph State Park, 1–3 May 1970, W. W. Wirth (2♂; NMNH) ; St. Joseph Peninsula, 4 May 1973, G. C. Steyskal (4♂; NMNH) ; Levy Co.: Cedar Key, salt marsh, 25 Apr 1970, W. W. Wirth (5♂, 1♀; NMNH) ; Volusia Co.: Daytona Beach, 5 Feb 1939, A. L. Melander (1♂, 4♀; NMNH) ; same data, 23 Jan 1936, (2♂, 2♀; NMNH); Wakulla Co.: Panacea, 1 mi. E, swept from shoreline vegetation, 16 April 1989, B. A. Foote (2♂, 9♀; NMNH) ; same data and with additional date of 11 April 1989, swept from sand flat, (1♂, 1♀; NMNH); same data, swept from sandy flat Salicornia, (1♀; NMNH) ; same data, swept from Spartina marsh algae, (2♀; NMNH) ; same data, swept from Spartina alterniflora, (1♂; NMNH) ; same data, swept from beach wrack, (7♂, 14♀; NMNH); Walton Co.: Grayton Beach State Park, swept from vegetation on dunes, 14 April 1989, B. A. Foote (1♂; NMNH) ; same data, swept from sedge marsh on dunes, (2♂; NMNH) . GEORGIA. Chatham Co.: Tybee Island, 7 Apr 1984, G. F. and J. F. Hevel (1♀; NMNH) ; Glynn Co.: Jekyll Island, 21 Mar 1974, L. V. Knutson (1♀; NMNH) ; McIntosh Co.: Sapelo Island, 1 Aug 1959, E. F. Menhinick, (2♂, 2♀; NMNH) ;. MARYLAND. Baltimore Co.: Soldier’s Delight, 3 mi. W. Deer Park, 29 Oct 1986, W. E. Steiner et al. (1♀; NMNH) ; Calvert Co.: Chesapeake Beach, on fresh cut of oak, 27 July 1913, R. C. Shannon (1♂; NMNH) ; Chesapeake Beach, 1 Aug 1930, J. M. Aldrich (4♀; NMNH) ; Talbot Co.: Wittman, 11 May 1986, W. E. Steiner (1♂, 1♀; NMNH) ; Queen Anne’s Co.: Kent Island, 1 June 1973, Seek and Nixon (1♀; NMNH) . MASSACHUSETTS. Barnstable Co.: Cape Cod, Great Sippewissett Salt Marsh, 19 June 1974, Susan Vince (1♂; NMNH) ; Falmouth, 11 Aug 1979, A. Freidberg (2♀; NMNH) ; Orleans, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.980446&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.792004" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.980446/lat 41.792004)">Town Cove</a>, (41°47′31.21″N 69°58′49.60″W), 15 Aug 1984, B. A. Foote (6♀; PADA) ; Woods Hole, 21 July 1954, M.R. Wheeler (1♂; NMNH) ; Woods Hole, Sep 1916, A. H. Sturtevant (1♀; NMNH) ; same data, July 1918, (1♀; NMNH); Sandwich, 22 June 1924, no collector (1♀; NMNH) ; E. Sandwich, E. Sandwich Beach, 10 Aug 1978, B. A. Steinly (2♂; NMNH) ; Essex Co.: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.80651&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.790497" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.80651/lat 42.790497)">Parker River</a> N.W.R., (42°47′25.79″N 70°48′23.43″W), swept from Spartina alterniflora, 14 Aug 1984, B. A. Foote (1♂, 4♀; PADA) ; Ipswich, salt marsh, 22 July 1961, W. W. Wirth (1♂, 1♀; NMNH) . MISSISSIPPI. Harrison Co.: Pass Christian, 8 June 1917, J. M. Aldrich (1♀; NMNH) . NEW HAMPSHIRE. Rockingham Co.: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.83433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.888508" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.83433/lat 42.888508)">Seabrook</a>, (42°53′18.62″N 70°50′03.58″W), fore dunes, sweep grasses, 31 May 1989, D. S. Chandler (1♀; UNHC) ; same data, sweep, 28 June, 7 July 1989, (2♂, 1♀; UNHC); same data, fore dunes, sweep dune vegetation, 6 July 1989, (1♂; UNHC) . NEW YORK. Suffolk Co.: Cold Spring Harbor, 29 June, 5 July 1927, A. L. Melander (1♂, 2♀; NMNH) . NORTH CAROLINA. Brunswick Co.: Southport, 10 Oct 1948, C. W. Sabrosky (1♀; NMNH) ; Hatteras Island: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.46606&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.539665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.46606/lat 35.539665)">Salvo</a>, on beach grass, (35°32′22.79″N 75°27′57.81″W), 05 July 1975, G. Foster (1♂; GAF) . SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston Co.: 6mi. S of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.341095&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64199" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.341095/lat 32.64199)">Adams Run</a>, swept from salt marsh, (32°38′31.16″N 80°20′27.94″W), 12 Apr 1984, B.A. Foote (8♂, 25♀; PADA) ; Colleton Co.: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.319374&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.497654" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.319374/lat 32.497654)">Edisto Beach St.</a> Pk, swept from salt marsh, (32°29′51.56″N 80°19′09.76″W), 12 Apr 1984, B. A. Foote (2♂, 16♀; PADA) . TEXAS. Kleberg Co.: Kingsville, 8–9 June 1936, R. H. Painter (1♂; NMNH) . VIRGINIA. Accomack Co.: Assateague Island, 23 July 1969, C. W. Sabrosky (1♂, 1♀; NMNH) ; same data, salt marsh, 18 May 1968, W. W. Wirth (1♂; NMNH); Norfolk Co.: Ocean View, 14 Aug 1969, G. C. Steyskal (2♂; NMNH) ; Northampton Co.: Kiptopeke, 4–6 Oct 1986, W. E. Steiner et al. (2♂, 8♀; NMNH) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFE71E1B7582B1F410C9FE29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFE61E1B7582B199144EFD51.text	03C9E121FFE61E1B7582B199144EFD51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microcercis minor (Foster 2024) Foster 2024	<div><p>Microcercis minor (Adams, 1905)</p><p>CANADA.</p><p>MANITOBA. Glenboro – South Cypress Municipality: Aweme, 26 June 1916, N. Criddle (2♀; NMNH) ; Treesbank, 12 June, 23 July, 5, 15, 17 Aug, 7 Sep 1915, N. Criddle (6♂, 9♀; NMNH) ; St. Boniface: 200–300 m, 17 June 1971, N. L. H. Krauss (1♂, 1♀; NMNH) . ONTARIO. Carleton Co.: Ottawa, reared from Barley, 8 July 1951, J. F. McAlpine (1♂, 2♀; NMNH; Nipissing District: North Bay, 24 June 1967, N. L. H. Krauss (1♀; NMNH).</p><p>SASKATCHEWAN. Saskatoon, 450–480 m, 15 June 1972, N. L. H. Krauss (1♀; NMNH)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFE61E1B7582B199144EFD51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
03C9E121FFE31E1E7582B3B412E1FB01.text	03C9E121FFE31E1E7582B3B412E1FB01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conioscinella ovalis (Adams 1905) Foster 2024	<div><p>Conioscinella ovalis (Adams, 1905)</p><p>CANADA.</p><p>MANITOBA. Glenboro – South Cypress Municipality: Aweme, 1 Aug 1916, N. Criddle (1♂, NMNH); Treesbank, 28 July 1915, N. Criddle (2♂; NMNH) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9E121FFE31E1E7582B3B412E1FB01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Foster, George A.	Foster, George A. (2024): Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky. Zootaxa 5481 (4): 401-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.4.1
