taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D787C9FFADFF9DFF1BC8FCCBE8E6EB.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated; Figs. 1 a – b), 3, with labels: “ Rep. Argentina / PROV. TUCUMAN / RICHTER / 19 ”, “ 387 ”, “ argentinus Bernh. / Typus ” (yellow label), “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus argentinus Bernhauer, 1912 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Paralectotypes: 2 ƤƤ, “ Rep. Argentina / PROV. TUCUMAN / RICHTER / 19 ”, “ 395 ” (one specimen), “ argentinus Bernh. / Cotypus ” (yellow label), “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Paralectotype Philonthus argentinus Bernhauer, 1912 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Notes. Although a male is explicitely mentioned in the original description, there is no indication that only one specimen was examined by Bernhauer (1912). All the three specimens listed above agree with the original description and considered to have been syntypes prior to the present lectotype designation.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFADFF9DFF1BC8FCCBE8E6EB.taxon	discussion	Comments. Arguments supporting the transfer of P. argentinus to Gabrius are given in Discussion for G. nidicola, see below.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAEFF9EFF1BCEF5CBC8E7B5.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated), 3, with labels: “ Argent. Jujuy / Ornadita 3600 / XI. 19 Weiser ” (green), “ TYPUS ” (red), “ hornaditanus Bh. Vid. Rambousek ” (white), “ Lectotype Philonthus hornaditanus Rambousek, 1925 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (NMPC). Paralectotypes: five specimens with labels: “ Argent. Hor- / nadita 3400 / XI. 20. Weiser ” (green), “ Paralectotype Philonthus hornaditanus Rambousek, 1925 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (NMPC), one of them with additional labels: “ TYPUS ” (red), “ hornaditanus Bh. Vid. Rambousek ” (white); one additional specimen, 3, with labels: “ Argentina: Jujuy / Hornadita 3600 / XI. 19 Weiser ”, “ hornaditanus Rambousek ” (white label), “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Paralectotype Philonthus hornaditanus Rambousek, 1925 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Notes. Although the type locality and both male and female characters are given in the original description, there is no indication about how many specimens were examined by Rambousek (1925). Of them, the male individual from NMPC is the lectotype hereby designated because it is in better condition. All the specimens here studied agree with the original description.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAEFF9EFF1BCEF5CBC8E7B5.taxon	discussion	Comments. Arguments supporting the transfer of P. hornaditanus to Gabrius are given in Discussion for G. n i d i c o l a, see below.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAEFF9EFF1BCDE7CBE8E218.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated; Figs. 2 a – b), 3, with labels: “ Jujuy / 10. XI. 919 / Weiser ”, “ Cueva Iturbe / 3700 m ”, “ jujuyensis Bernh. / Typus ded. Bruch ” (yellow label), “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus jujuyensis Bernhauer, 1921 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Paralectotype: Ƥ, with labels: “ Jujuy / 10. XI. 919 / Weiser ”, “ Cueva Iturbe / 3700 m ”, “ jujuyensis Bernh. / Cotypus ded. Bruch ” (yellow label), “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Paralectotype Philonthus jujuyensis Bernhauer, 1921 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Notes. Although a male is explicitly mentioned in the original description, there is no indication that only one specimen was examined by Bernhauer (1921). The two specimens listed above agree with the original description by Bernhauer (1921) and considered to have been syntypes prior to the present lectotype designation.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAEFF9EFF1BCDE7CBE8E218.taxon	discussion	Comments. Arguments supporting the transfer of P. jujuyensis to Gabrius are given in Discussion for G. nidicola, see below.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAEFF9FFF1BCBAFCBC8E33D.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated; Figs. 3 a – b), Ƥ, “ San Pedro Colalao / Tucum. Weiser ”, “ tucumanensis Bernh. / Typus don. Bruch ” (yellow label), “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus tucumanensis Bernhauer, 1927 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Additional material. ARGENTINA: San Luis: 2533, 4 ƤƤ, Irideus, Quebrada del Tala, 1100 m, 32 ° 39 ' 01 '' S, 64 ° 57 ' 23 '' W, litter in moist narrow quebrada, 8. XII. 2000, L. Herman (AMNH); Tucumán: 3, Ƥ, Villa Nougués, 1350 m, 11. XII. 1971, L. Herman (AMNH). Notes. I designate the lectotype rather than assume that the above specimen is the holotype, since in the original description Bernhauer (1927) gave no information about the number of specimens examined. Therefore, it is possible that this name was based on more than one specimen (ICZN 1999, Recommendation 73 F). The lectotype agrees with the original description by Bernhauer (1927).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAEFF9FFF1BCBAFCBC8E33D.taxon	discussion	Comments. Arguments supporting the transfer of P. tucumanensis to Gabrius are given in Discussion for G. n i d i c o l a, see below.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAFFF9FFF1BCF17CE9AE62B.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated; Fig. 4), 3, with labels: “ Rep. ARGENTINA / Prov. Buenos Aires / 17. X. 1919 / C. Bruch ”, “ Monte Veloz / 17. X. 1919 / ex nido Ctenomys ”, “ nidicola Bernh. / Typus ” (yellow label), “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus nidicola Bernhauer, 1921 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Paralectotype: Ƥ, with labels: “ Rep. ARGENTINA / Prov. Buenos Aires / 17. X. 1919 / C. Bruch ”, “ 189 ”, “ nidicola Bernh. / Cotypus ” (yellow label), “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Paralectotype Philonthus nidicola Bernhauer, 1921 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Notes. Although references about the type locality and a male character are given in the original description, there is no indication about how many specimens were examined. Of them, the male individual is the lectotype hereby designated because Bernhauer explicitly referred to the locality (Monte Veloz) where this specimen was collected in the original description. The two specimens here studied agree with the description by Bernhauer (1921).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAFFF9FFF1BCF17CE9AE62B.taxon	discussion	Discussion. My examination of the type material of P. argentinus, P. jujuyensis, P. hornaditanus, P. nidicola and P. tucumanensis established that these five species do not belong to the genus Philonthus but belong to the genus Gabrius. In Smetana’s (1995) key to Holarctic genera of Philonthina, these species will go to couplet 13, where they share with Gabrius the “ first four segments of front tarsus with ventral face bearing only regular, unmodified marginal setae; each simple, not dilated ”, “ lateral puncture of pronotum, bearing long seta, situated close to superior line of pronotal hypomeron, separated from it by distance about equal to diameter of puncture ” and the “ last segment of labial palpus slender, distinctly narrower than preceding segment ”. Although P. argentinus, P. jujuyensis, and P. nidicola do not share with Gabrius “ the sternite 9 of male genital segment with proximal portion not reduced, symmetrical ”, an exception for this character state (G. brevipennis Horn, 1884) is observed in that same key. Concerning P. hornaditanus and P. t u c u m a n e n s i s, I was able to confirm (in the case of P. tucumanensis from additional non-type material) that these species share with Gabrius the sternite 9 with proximal portion symmetrical. In addition, all these five species, P. argentinus, P. jujuyensis, P. hornaditanus, P. nidicola and P. tucumanensis, share with Gabrius all other characters summarized by Smetana (1995: 606) for the recognition of the species of this genus.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAFFF98FF1BCA02CB0EE270.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, Ƥ, “ Rep. Argentina / Prov. Buenos Aires / Hosmann ”, “ hosmanni Brh. / Typus ” (yellow label), “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Holotype Philonthus hosmanni Bernhauer, 1912 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Notes. In the original description Benhauer (1912) stated that he had a unique specimen of P. hosmanni. The specimen mentioned above agrees with the original description by Bernhauer (1912), being the holotype fixed by monotypy (ICZN 1999, Article 73.1.2).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAFFF98FF1BCA02CB0EE270.taxon	discussion	Comments. My examination of the holotype established that this species does not belong to the genus Philonthus (Philonthina) but belongs to the genus Heterothops Stephens, 1829 (Quediina). In Smetana’s (1995) key to world subtribes of Staphylinini, this species will go to couplet 7, where it shares with Quediina “ the inflexed lateral portion of anterior pronotal angle strongly inflexed, meeting prosternum at sharp ” and “ head with infraorbital ridge ”. Based on the comparison of this species with the key to the Nearctic genera of Quediina by Newton et al. (2000), the diagnostic characters that define the North temperate genera of Quediina (Smetana & Davies 2000), and other available keys and descriptions (Lynch-Arribálzaga 1884; Sharp 1884; Bernhauer 1927; Coiffait & Sáiz 1966, 1968) for the genera of Quediina known from the Neotropics (Herman 2001), Philonthus hosmanni shares with Heterothops the first antennal segment not longer than the next two combined, the last segment of maxillary palpus distinctly narrowed toward acute apex and shorter than the penultimate segment, and the nuchal ridge not distinctly converging with the infraorbital ridge.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA8FF9AFF1BC909CB75E3C6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype of Philonthus quadraticeps (here designated; Figs. 5 a – b), 3, “ Type ”, “ Buen Ayr ”, “ Kinb ”, “ Typus ”, “ quadraticeps Bhn. ”, “ 5374 E 91 ”, “ Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm / Loan no 834 / 06 ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus quadraticeps Boheman, 1858 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (NHRS). Lectotype of Philonthus tenebrosus (NHRS) (here designated; Figs. 6 a – b), 3, “ Type ”, “ Buen Ayr ”, “ Kinb ”, “ Typus ”, “ tenebrosus Bhn. ”, “ 5373 E 91 ”, “ Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm / Loan no 832 / 06 ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus tenebrosus Boheman, 1858 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (NHRS). Paralectotype: 3, “ Buen Ayr ”, “ Kinb ”, “ tenebrosus Bhn. ”, “ 5375 E 91 ”, “ Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm / Loan no 833 / 06 ”, “ Paralectotype Philonthus tenebrosus Boheman, 1858 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (NHRS).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA8FF9AFF1BC909CB75E3C6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Philonthus quadraticeps may be identified by the following characters: head and pronotum distinctly quadrate, antennal segments 4 and 5 quadrate, eyes shorter than temples seen from above, postmandibular ridge absent, dorsal rows on pronotum each with four punctures, and transverse distance between punctures of elytra larger than diameters of punctures. For further details and illustrations see Chani- Posse (2004). Notes. I designate the lectotype of P. quadraticeps rather than assume that the examined type specimen is the holotype since in the original description Boheman (1858) gave no information about the number of specimens examined. Therefore, it is possible that this name was based on more than one specimen (ICZN 1999, Recommendation 73 F). The lectotype agrees with the description by Boheman (1858). In the original description of P. tenebrosus (Boheman 1858) there is no indication about how many specimens were included in the type series. Both specimens listed in the type material agree with the description by Boheman (1858). The specimen in a better condition is designated as the lectotype, the remaining specimen is a paralectotype.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA8FF9AFF1BC909CB75E3C6.taxon	discussion	Comments. My examination of the types of P. quadraticeps and P. tenebrosus (Figs. 5 a – b, 6 a – b) revealed that both are identical in all external characters and identical in characters of the male genitalia. Difference between the two nominal species as described by Boheman (1858: 28) results mostly from slight variation in coloration of the antennae, mouthparts and abdomen. Since the lectotypes of both nominal species are conspecific and these two names were simultaneously established by Boheman (1858), they are considered to be subjective synonyms. Under application of the article 24.2.2 of the Code (ICZN 1999), I give precedence to the name P. quadraticeps as valid name for the species and senior subjective synonym of P. tenebrosus.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAAFF9BFF1BCE3FCE5CE0A9.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype of Philonthus perplexus (here designated), 3, with labels: “ Chili ” (green), “ Spatulonthus perplexus Fairmaire et Germain ” (unknown handwriting, white), “ Lectotype Philonthus perplexus Fairmaire et Germain, 1861 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (MNHN). Paralectotypes: 3, Ƥ, with labels: “ Chili ” (green), “ Paralectotype Philonthus perplexus Fairmaire et Germain, 1861 / Des. Chani- Posse de Maus 2008 ” (MNHN). Males were dissected; in each case the aedeagus was glued on a different plate and attached to the beetle. Additional material. CHILE: 3, Ƥ, Maipo, 12. XI. 1972, Col. G. Arriagada (MNHN). Diagnosis. See Smetana (1995: 243). Notes. Stephens (1832: 237) described P. longicornis based on specimens from London. I have not seen the original material but I have no doubt that P. p e r p l e x u s is the species that Stephens described, as interpreted later by other authors (e. g. Sharp 1885; Blackwelder 1943; Smetana 1958, 1995).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFAAFF9BFF1BCE3FCE5CE0A9.taxon	discussion	Comments. Philonthus perplexus was considered to be a synonym of P. longicornis since Fauvel (1869) until Coiffait and Saiz (1968) treated it as a valid species. The type material of P. perplexus and the examined material of P. longicornis are similar in all external characters and identical in the shape of aedeagus. Therefore, these names are considered to be synonyms (confirmed synonymy).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFABFF94FF1BCC84C9D2E0A9.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype of Philonthus bonariensis (here designated; Figs. 7 a – b), 3, with labels: “ Buenos Aires / XII. 98. III. 99 / Silvestri ”, “ bonariensis Brh n. sp / det. Bernhauer ”, “ bonariensis Brnh / Typus ”, “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus bonariensis Bernhauer, 1909 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Lectotype of Philonthus weiseri (Figs. 8 a – b), 3, with labels: “ Rep. Argentina / Jujuy / C. Bruch ”, “ Cueva Iturbe / 3700 m 10. XI. 919 / lg. Weiser ”, “ weiseri Bernh / Typus ”, “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus weiseri Bernhauer, 1921 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Paralectotypes: 3, Ƥ, with labels: “ Rep. Argentina / Jujuy / C. Bruch ”, “ Cueva Iturbe / 3700 m 10. XI. 919 / lg. Weiser ”, “ weiseri Bernh / Coypus ”, “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Paralectotype Philonthus weiseri Bernhauer, 1921 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFABFF94FF1BCC84C9D2E0A9.taxon	description	Lectotype of Philonthus catamarcanus (here designated; Figs. 9 a – b), Ƥ, with labels: “ Rep. Argentina / Prov. Catamarca / 19.11.1912 / C. Bruch ”, “ catamarcanus Bernh. / Typus ”, “ Chicago NHMus. / Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus catamarcanus Bernhauer, 1916 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Paralectotype: Ƥ, with labels: “ San Luis / 190 ”, “ C. Bruch ”, “ catamarcanus det. Bernh. / Cotypus ”, “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Paralectotype Philonthus catamarcanus Bernhauer, 1916 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFABFF94FF1BCC84C9D2E0A9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Philonthus bonariensis may be identified by the antennal segments 4 and 5 elongate, the last segment of labial palpi 2 times as long as the second, the abdominal tergum 10 with 5 to 6 apical setae in both sexes, the median lobe with a small tooth on the face adjacent to paramere, and the paramere elongate with 6 peg setae forming two short lateral rows at apex. For further details and illustrations see Chani-Posse (2004). Notes. I designate the lectotype of P. bonariensis rather than assume that the examined type is the holotype, since in the original description Bernhauer (1909) gave no information about the number of specimens examined. Therefore, it is possible that this name was based on more than one specimen (ICZN 1999, Recommendation 73 F). The lectotype agrees with the original description by Bernhauer (1909). In the original description of P. w e i s e r i there is no indication about how many specimens were included in the type series. All three specimens listed above agree with the description by Bernhauer (1921). The specimen in better conditions is hereby designated as lectotype. In the original description of P. catamarcanus there is no indication about how many specimens were examined. Both specimens listed above agree with the description by Bernhauer (1916) who gave two different type localities for this species. The specimen in better conditions is hereby designated as lectotype.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFABFF94FF1BCC84C9D2E0A9.taxon	discussion	Comments. The types of P. bonariensis, P. w e i s e r i and P. catamarcanus (Figs. 7 a – b, 8 a – b, 9 a – b) are all similar in external characters, and identical in characters of the male and female genitalia. All these names are here considered to be synonyms. The body size and the elytral color pattern vary in examined specimens but this variation is continuous. The elytral color pattern may range from piceous to piceous-brunneous with suture and apical margin of each elytron paler, as stated by Chani-Posse (2004) in her redescription of P. bonariensis, to one-colored elytra, brunneous to testaceo-brunneous.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA4FF94FF1BCC84C860E5C8.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype of Philonthus discoideus, 3, with labels: “ 6116 ”, “ discoideus Gr. * ”, “ Zoo. Mus. Berlin ”, “ Lectotype Staphylinus discoideus Gravenhorst A. Smetana des. 1991 ” (ZMHB). Paralectotypes: 233, 4 ƤƤ, with labels: “ Zool. Mus. Berlin ”, “ Hist. – Coll. (Coleoptera) / Nr. 6116 / Philonthus discoideus Grvh / Germania / Zool. Mus. Berlin ”, one Ƥ with additional label “ thor. seriebus dorsal. Altera 5 - altera 4 - punctata Austr. Sch. ” (ZMHB). Holotype of Philonthus emelinae, 3, with labels: “ Chile / Curicó ”, “ Romeral / 25 - XII- 1963 ”, “ HOLOTYPE ”, “ Philonthus emelinae Coiffait y Saiz ” (FSC). Additional material. ARGENTINA: Tucumán: 3, Famaillá (MACN); CHILE: Santiago: 3, El Arrayan, X. 1979, L. E. Peña leg. (FMNH). MEXICO: Veracruz: 3, Cordoba, Dr. A. Fenyes (FMNH).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA4FF94FF1BCC84C860E5C8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. See Smetana (1995: 184).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA4FF94FF1BCC84C860E5C8.taxon	discussion	Comments. The types of P. discoideus and P. emelinae are similar in all external characters. After dissection and study of the male specimens from additional non-type material of P. discoideus, I was also able to confirm that P. emelinae and P. discoideus are identical in the shape of aedeagus. Therefore, these names are considered to be synonyms.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA4FF95FF1BC825C92EE518.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype of Philonthus cribriventris (here designated; Figs. 10 a – b), 3, with labels: “ Rep. Argentina / Prov. Tucuman / 30. I. 1908 / C. Bruch ”, “ cribriventris Brnh / Typus ”, “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Lectotype Philonthus cribriventris Bernhauer, 1912 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Paralectotype: 3, with labels: “ Rep. Argentina / Prov. Tucuman / 30. I. 1908 ”, “ cribriventris Brnh / Cotypus ”, “ Chicago NHMus. / M. Bernhauer Collection ”, “ Paralectotype Philonthus cribriventris Bernhauer, 1912 / Des. Chani-Posse de Maus 2008 ” (FMNH). Holotype of Philonthus catamarcanus var. densior (Fig. 11): Ƥ, “ Rep. Argentina / Prov. Tucuman / 19 / Richter ”, “ v. densior Bernh. / Typus unicus ”, “ Chicago NHMus. / Bernhauer Collection ” (FMNH). Additional material. ARGENTINA: Tucumán: 3, “ Rep. Argentina / Prov. Tucuman / 19 / Richter ”, “ in Bernhauer handwriting " longicornis Gr. " / det. Bernhauer ”, “ v. densior Bernh. / det. Bernhauer ”, “ Chicago NHMus. / Bernhauer Collection ” (FMNH).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA4FF95FF1BC825C92EE518.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Philonthus cribriventris may be identified by the eyes shorter than temples, the first segment of metatarsus longer than last segment, the basal area of abdominal terga with coarse punctuation, and the apex of tergum 10 subacute in both sexes. Notes. In the original description of P. cribriventris, Benhauer (1912) stated that two specimens were available for the description and gave two different type localities with different collector names: “ Argentinien, Prov. Tucumán, 19. / I. 1908 (C. Bruch, H. Richter), Chaunar Region (Jensen) ”. Both specimens listed above agree with the description by Bernhauer (1912), and both have one same locality data and collection date. One of them includes the name of one of the collectors for the given locality. I have no way to decide which specimen may not belong to the original series. Therefore I have decided to consider both of them part of the type series, and designate the specimen with the collector´s name on its label as lectotype. Bernhauer (1916) described P. catamarcanus var. densior as a variety (“ Abart ”) from Tucuman province, while the type locality of P. catamarcanus was Catamarca and San Luis provinces. According to Article 45.6 (ICZN 1999) the name densior is of subspecific rank and available. Bernhauer explicitely stated that the type series of P. catamarcanus var. densior included a single specimen, but did not mention whether this was a male or a female. Considering that the female specimen of P. catamarcanus var. densior listed above is labeled as “ Typus unicus ”, and locality label corresponds to the locality mentioned in the description, this female specimen is regarded as the holotype. The male specimen from the same locality listed in Additional material was not labeled by Bernhauer as the type, and therefore cannot be the holotype of P. catamarcanus var. densior.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA4FF95FF1BC825C92EE518.taxon	discussion	Comments. Bernhauer (1916: 36) described P. densior as a variety of catamarcanus and since then it was a valid taxon at the subspecific rank. The type material of P. densior (lectotype Ƥ, paralectotype 3) (Fig. 11) agrees with the lectotype of P. cribriventris (Figs. 10 a – b) in external characters and in the shape of the aedeagus. Therefore, P. d e n s i o r is removed from synonymy with P. catamarcanus (at the rank of species) and placed in synonymy with P. cribriventris Bernhauer, 1912.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA5FF95FF1BC9BECB7EE6BC.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype of Gabrius nigritulus, 3, with labels: “ 6139 ”, “ Lectotype Gabrius nigritulus Gravenhorst A. Smetana des. 1960 ”, “ Hist. – Coll. (Coleoptera) / Nr. 6139 / Philonthus aterrimus Gyllh. / Europa, Americ. sept. / Zool. Mus. Berlin ” (ZMHB). Paralectotypes: 333, with labels: “ Gabrius Steph. / nigritulus Grav. / det. Smetana 1960 ”, “ Hist. – Coll. (Coleoptera) / Nr. 6139 / Philonthus aterrimus Gyllh. / Europa, Americ. sept. / Zool. Mus. Berlin ” (ZMHB). Paratypes of Gabrius chiliensis (Fig. 12): 3, with labels: “ Cord. Chillan ”, “ Germain / 1899 ”, “ PARATYPE ”, “ Gabrius chiliensis Coiff. et Saiz ”, “ Chile Tipo No 2238 ”; Ƥ, with labels: “ Germain / 1899 ”, “ PARATYPE ”, “ Gabrius chiliensis Coiff. et Saiz ”, “ Chile Tipo No 2245 ” (MNNC).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA5FF95FF1BC9BECB7EE6BC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. See Smetana (1995: 619).	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
03D787C9FFA5FF95FF1BC9BECB7EE6BC.taxon	discussion	Comments. I was not able to see the holotype of G. chiliensis, deposited in the FSC, but I could study paratypes from the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural (MNNC). The types of G. nigritulus and G. chiliensis are similar in external characters and identical in the shape of the aedeagus. These names are considered to be synonyms.	en	Maus, Mariana Chani-Posse De (2009): Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes. Zootaxa 2034: 31-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186351
