identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D7870BFFBAFFADDBF1F73BFE9CFA3C.text	03D7870BFFBAFFADDBF1F73BFE9CFA3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bitias stocki Fransen 1990	<div><p>Bitias stocki Fransen, 1990</p><p>(Figs. 1, 2)</p><p>Bitias stocki Fransen 1990: 68, figs. 1–3; Crosnier &amp; Fransen 1994: 50, fig. 3c–e.</p><p>Material examined. Southwestern Atlantic Ocean off Brazil: 1 female (pocl 5.3 mm, rl 2.2 mm), TAAF MD 55 / BRÉSIL 1987, off Espírito Santo, eastern slope of Abrolhos Bank, station 43 CB 77, 19º00’S 37º47’W, depth: 790–900 m, 27.V.1987 (MZUSP 31148); 1 ovigerous female (pocl 6.2 mm, rl 2.6 mm), TAAF MD 55 / BRÉSIL 1987, station 43 CB 77, 19º00’S 37º47’W, depth: 790–900 m, 27.V.1987 (MZUSP 31149); 1 male (pocl 6.9 mm, rl 2.9 mm), TAAF MD 55 / BRÉSIL 1987, off Rio de Janeiro, south of Cabo Frio, station 65 CB 106, 23º54’S 42º10’W, depth: 830 m, 02.VI.1987 (MZUSP 31150).</p><p>Description. For detailed description and illustrations see Fransen (1990); for illustrations of the Brazilian material see Figs. 1 a–g, 2.</p><p>Distribution. Eastern Atlantic: Azores and Cape Verde, 1100–1350 m (Fransen 1990). Western Atlantic: Brazil, off Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro, 790–900 m (present study).</p><p>Remarks. Bitias stocki was previously known only from the type series: a male holotype and an ovigerous female paratype (allotype) collected at 1320–1350 m south of Pico, Azores, and a female paratype collected at 1100–1300 m southwest of Fogo, Cape Verde (Fransen 1990). The present specimens represent the first record of B. stocki and the genus Bitias from the western Atlantic (Brazil). The Brazilian material agrees well with the type material of B. stocki as described and illustrated by Fransen (1990). The dorsal teeth on the carapace and rostrum are movable (posterior half of the rostrum and carapace posterior to the post-orbital margin) or fixed (distal half of the rostrum); their number ranges from 14 to 16 (Fig. 1 b, f, g). The ventral subdistal tooth may be present or absent and the development of the lateral rostral carina is also variable (Fig. 1 b, f, g).</p><p>An important morphological feature of B. stocki not mentioned nor illustrated in the original description of the species (Fransen 1990) is the presence of sharp processes on the abdominal sternum. All three Brazilian specimens have a pair of spine-like processes on the first to fourth abdominal sternites, strongest on the first and diminishing in size towards the fourth; the fifth sternite has a small median process continued by a median carina. At our request, Dr. Charles H.J.M. Fransen examined the holotype of B. stocki (RMNH D 39051), in which he found the same armature on the abdominal sternum. Dr. Fransen’s schematic drawing is reproduced here (Fig. 1 h), thereby completing the description of the holotype. The only other presently known species of Bitias is the Indo-West Pacific Bitias brevis (Rathbun, 1906), which differs from B. stocki in only a few very subtle details (Crosnier &amp; Fransen 1994).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D7870BFFBAFFADDBF1F73BFE9CFA3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anker, Arthur;Pachelle, Paulo P. G.;Tavares, Marcos	Anker, Arthur, Pachelle, Paulo P. G., Tavares, Marcos (2014): Two new species and two new records of deep-water caridean shrimps from Brazil (Decapoda: Pandalidae, Palaemonidae, Crangonidae). Zootaxa 3815 (2): 263-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3815.2.6
03D7870BFFBAFFAADBF1F0EFFAD8FE1F.text	03D7870BFFBAFFAADBF1F0EFFAD8FE1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Periclimenes tenellus (Smith 1882)	<div><p>Periclimenes tenellus (Smith, 1882)</p><p>(Figs. 3, 4)</p><p>Anchistia tenella Smith 1882: 55, pl. 9, figs. 1–1b.</p><p>Periclimenes tenellus — Borradaile 1898: 383; Chace 1972: 38. Periclimenes (Cristiger) tenellus — Borradaile 1917: 363.</p><p>Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) tenellus — Kemp 1922: 179.</p><p>Periclimenes (Periclimenes) tenellus — Holthuis 1951: 32, pl. 8, figs. a–l.</p><p>Material examined. Southwestern Atlantic Ocean off Brazil: 1 female (?) [two first pairs of pleopods missing, sex determined tentatively based on gonopore and presence of oviferous setae] (pocl 4.7 mm, rl 2.8 mm), TAAF MD 55 / BRÉSIL 1987, station 53 CB 92, depth: 360 m, 19º34’S 38º55’W, 29.V.1987 (MZUSP 31496); 1 male (pocl 2.7 mm, rl 2.2 mm), TAAF MD 55 / BRÉSIL 1987, station 54 CB 93, depth: 707–733 m, 19º36’S 38º53’W, 30.V.1987 (MZUSP 31497); 1 male (pocl 3.4 mm, rl 3.1 mm), REVIZEE, Transecto II, station 4, depth: 500 m, 01.VIII.2003 (MZUSP 17640); 1 female (pocl 4.1 mm, rl 3.5 mm), REVIZEE, Transecto II, station 4, depth: 500 m, 01.VIII.2003 (MZUSP 24982).</p><p>Description. For original description and illustrations of Periclimenes tenellus see Smith (1882, as Anchistia tenella); Holthuis (1951) provided a detailed redescription and additional figures of the species; the Brazilian material is illustrated in Figs. 3–4.</p><p>Distribution. Western Atlantic: off South Carolina and New Jersey, U.S.A., 267–419 m (Smith 1882; Holthuis 1951; Chace 1972); Brazil, off Espírito Santo, 360–733 m (present study).</p><p>Remarks. Periclimenes tenellus was hitherto known only from specimens collected by U.S. S. Blake and Fish Hawk in 1880 and 1881, respectively, off the eastern coast of the U.S.A. (Smith 1882; Holthuis 1951). The holotype of P. tenellus is a heavily damaged ovigerous female from off South Carolina (MCZ CRU-3244), with several appendages regenerating and taxonomically non-informative (Holthuis 1951). The redescription of P. tenellus by Holthuis (1951) was based partly on a series of USNM specimens of both sexes, some of them complete, dredged off New Jersey. The present material thus represents the first record of P. tenellus in the southwestern Atlantic and Brazilian territorial waters.</p><p>The Brazilian specimens (Figs. 3, 4) agree well with Holthuis’ (1951) redescription of the species, with the exception of the proportionally longer and slightly more curved chela of the major second cheliped (cf. Fig. 4 b, c and Holthuis 1951: pl. 8, fig. g). The number of dorsal teeth on the carapace and rostrum in the Brazilian specimens ranges from eight to ten; the number of ventral rostral teeth from three to four (Fig. 3 b, j, k, l); this is very similar to the rostral formula (10/3) of the New Jersey specimen illustrated by Holthuis (1951).</p><p>Periclimenes tenellus is one of the deepest-known pontoniine shrimps in the Atlantic Ocean, with most known specimens ranging between 267 and 500 m. However, one Brazilian specimen was found at a depth exceeding 700 m together with the more typical deepwater shrimps, Parapontophilus gracilis (Smith, 1882) and Prionocrangon brasiliensis sp. nov. (see below). It presently remains unknown whether P. tenellus is a free-living shrimp or associated with a sessile (e.g., sponge, octocoral) or slowly moving (e.g., echinoderm) marine invertebrate host.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D7870BFFBAFFAADBF1F0EFFAD8FE1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anker, Arthur;Pachelle, Paulo P. G.;Tavares, Marcos	Anker, Arthur, Pachelle, Paulo P. G., Tavares, Marcos (2014): Two new species and two new records of deep-water caridean shrimps from Brazil (Decapoda: Pandalidae, Palaemonidae, Crangonidae). Zootaxa 3815 (2): 263-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3815.2.6
03D7870BFFBDFFA6DBF1F460FBC3FE8F.text	03D7870BFFBDFFA6DBF1F460FBC3FE8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Periclimenes bathyalis	<div><p>Periclimenes bathyalis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 5, 6)</p><p>Material examined. Southwestern Atlantic Ocean off Brazil: holotype, male (pocl 4.6 mm, rl 3.7 mm), TAAF MD 55 / BRÉSIL 1987, station 53 CB 92, depth: 360 m, 19º34’S 38º55’W, 29.V.1987 (MZUSP 31215).</p><p>Description. Body moderately slender, slightly compressed, glabrous. Rostrum slender, straight, not ascendant or descendant, slightly overreaching 0.5 length of third article of antennular peduncle; lateral carinae weak; dorsal carina with nine acute, anteriorly directed teeth, diminishing in size towards tip, most-anterior tooth subapical, two posterior teeth situated on anterior carapace posterior to post-orbital margin; ventral rostral carina with one small tooth distinctly removed from tip; supra-orbital teeth absent; inferior orbital angle bluntly produced; antennal and hepatic teeth well developed, hepatic tooth stronger than antennal tooth, situated slightly lower and in more posterior position, antennal tooth submarginal; pterygostomial angle rounded, not protruding (Fig. 5 a, b). Thoracic sternites moderately broad, fourth sternite with minute median tooth, fifth sternite with short lateral processes.</p><p>Abdomen with third somite not projecting posterodorsally; fifth somite short, about 0.6 length of sixth somite; sixth somite about 1.3 times longer than high; pleura of first four somites broadly rounded, that of fifth slightly produced posteriorly, but rounded; sixth somite with slightly projecting, blunt posterolateral angle and more projecting, rounded posteroventral angle (Fig. 5 d). Telson slender, about 3.2 times as long as maximum width, slightly tapering; lateral margins straight, convergent; posterior margin rounded, about 0.5 anterior width; dorsal surface of telson with two pairs of well-developed marginal or submarginal spiniform setae inserted at about 0.5 and 0.75 telson length, respectively; posterior margin with one pair of lateral, intermediate and submedian spiniform setae; lateral spiniform setae slightly smaller than dorsal spiniform setae; intermediate spiniform setae much stouter and at least five times longer than lateral spiniform setae, each about 0.25 telson length; submedian spiniform setae more slender, about 0.4 length of intermediate spiniform setae, setulose (Fig. 5 e, f).</p><p>Antennular peduncle with proximal article flattened dorsoventrally; stylocerite short, distally acute, not reaching 0.4 length segment; statocyst with granular statolith; distolateral angle strongly produced into stout sharp tooth, latter reaching 0.5 length of intermediate article; ventromesial margin with acute tooth; intermediate article subequal to distal article in length (Fig. 5 a, b); lateral (= upper) flagellum distinctly biramous, rami fused for seven proximal segments, shorter ramus with three free segments and about six groups of aesthetascs. Antenna with basicerite bearing strong distolateral tooth; carpocerite about three times longer than broad, compressed, extending slight past mid-length of scaphocerite; scaphocerite extending beyond antennular peduncle, blade moderately broad, about 3.5 times as long as wide, with broadly convex anterior margin; strong distolateral tooth extending well beyond anterior margin of blade; flagellum well developed (Fig. 5 a, g). Epistome unarmed, as illustrated (Fig. 5 c).</p><p>Mouthparts not dissected, appearing typical of Periclimenes in external view. Third maxilliped slender, pediform; coxa feebly setose, with rounded lateral plate, without epipod; basis rounded and moderately setose ventrally, carrying slender exopod nearly reaching end of antepenultimate article; endopod slender, reaching to distal end of carpocerite in full extension; antepenultimate article (ischiomerus) feebly separated from basis, about six times as long as wide, somewhat twisted, densely setose ventrally and ventromesially; penultimate article about 0.7 length of antepenultimate article and almost same width, about four times as long as wide, densely setose; ultimate article tapering, about 0.7 of length of penultimate article, with minute terminal spinule and numerous setae, especially on mesial surface.</p><p>First pereiopod rather slender, extending beyond carpocerite by carpus and chela; coxa robust, with blunt ventromesial process, latter with few terminal setae; ischium about 0.6 of merus length, about four times as long as wide, obliquely articulated with short basis; merus slightly longer than carpus, approximately 6.3 times as long as wide, carpus slightly longer than chela, four times as long as distal width, widening distally, distoventral surface with row of stiff setae; chela with palm almost twice as long as high, slightly compressed, proximoventral surface with four rows of stiff setae forming together with setal row of carpus a well-defined carpo-propodal brush; fingers about 1.3 length of palm, straight, slightly gaping, with numerous groups of setae, especially laterally on dactylus and ventrally on pollex, with small hooked tips; cutting edges of fingers laminar and entire over distal two thirds (Fig. 6 a).</p><p>Second pereiopods robust, elongate, asymmetrical, of subequal length but unequal thickness and with conspicuously dissimilar proportions of chelae (Fig. 6 b, e). Major cheliped extending beyond antennular peduncle by length of carpus and chela; ischium widening distally, about three times as long as distal width, about 0.7 length of merus; merus with straight dorsal and ventral margins, 4.5 times as long as wide; carpus short, vase-shaped, conspicuously widening distally; chela with palm smooth, subcylindrical, almost four times as long as high, with smooth surface; fingers slightly less than 0.5 length of palm, robust; dactylus narrowing and curving distally, with hooked, corneous tip; cutting edge with one strong, rounded, proximal tooth and one much less pronounced, low tooth more distally; pollex thicker than dactylus, with hooked, corneous tip; cutting edge with one strong, rounded, proximal tooth fitting into deep hiatus on opposed dactylar cutting edge, and one less pronounced, low, subtriangular tooth more distally, fitting into shallow hiatus on opposed dactylar cutting edge; remaining portion of finger cutting edges straight, sharp, laminar (Fig. 6 b-d). Minor cheliped of similar size but noticeably more slender than major cheliped; ischium slightly more than four times as long as distal width, about 0.8 length of merus; merus about 4.7 times as long as wide; carpus vase-shaped, slightly longer and more slender than that of major cheliped; chela more slender, with palm about 3.7 times as long as high and distinctly longer fingers, about 0.7 length of palm; armature on proximal portion of finger cutting edges similar to that of major cheliped, however, less pronounced (Fig. 6 e, f).</p><p>Ambulatory pereiopods (P3–5) long, slender, with third pereiopod extending beyond carpocerite by length of propodus and dactylus. Third pereiopod with coxa and basis without specific features, sparsely setose; ischium about 0.7 of merus length, less than six times length of distal width, unarmed; merus subequal to propodus in length, about nine times as long as wide, unarmed; carpus about 0.5 length of propodus, unarmed, about 5.8 times longer than wide; propodus about 12 times as long as wide, ventral margin with seven spiniform setae becoming stronger and longer towards dactylus; distoventral angle adjacent to dactylus with five spiniform setae, two lateral and three mesial (one mesial may not be visible in lateral view); dactylus about 0.2 of propodus length, distally biunguiculate; corpus compressed, about 3.5 times longer than deep, broadest centrally; ventral margin sharp, with minute, equally sized teeth and setae sparsely present along sides; subterminal unguis triangular, subacute; terminal unguis more distinct, longer, strongly curved ventrally (Fig. 5 i, j). Fourth pereiopod similar to third; distoventral angle of propodus adjacent to dactylus with five spiniform setae, two lateral and three mesial (Fig. 5 k). Fifth pereiopod generally similar to third and fourth; propodus with fewer (5–6) spiniform setae on ventral margin; distoventral angle adjacent to dactylus with row of stiff setae (cleaning brush) and one spiniform seta (Fig. 5 l, m). Second male pleopod with appendix masculina shorter than appendix interna, furnished with slender spiniform setae on apex and along margin opposed to endopod (Fig. 5 n, o). Uropod with protopod ending in blunt posterolateral lobes; exopod about three times as long as broad; lateral margin feebly convex, with small distolateral spiniform seta adjacent to blunt tooth laterally; diaeresis sinuous, with broadly U-shaped central portion; endopod slightly exceeding exopod, at least 3.5 times as long as greatest width (Fig. 5 p).</p><p>Colour pattern unknown.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from a combination of the Greek word bathys (deep) and the Latin word alis (pertaining to), referring to the bathyal habitat of the new species.</p><p>Distribution. Western Atlantic: presently known only from the type locality off Espírito Santo, Brazil, at a depth of 360 m.</p><p>Remarks. Periclimenes bathyalis sp. nov. is morphologically most similar to Periclimenes milleri Bruce, 1986 and Periclimenes ingressicolumbi Berggren &amp; Svane, 1989, both associated with deep-water echinoids in the Bahamas (Bruce 1986; Berggren &amp; Svane 1989). The new species differs from P. milleri by the relatively longer second article of the antennular peduncle (cf. Fig. 5 a and Bruce 1986: fig. 2B); the antennal scaphocerite with a much deeper cleft between the distolateral tooth and the blade (cf. Fig.5 a and Bruce 1986: fig. 2E); the much longer palm of the major second pereiopod (cf. Fig. 6 b, c and Bruce 1986: fig. 4F); and the more dorsal position of the hepatic tooth (cf. Fig. 5 b and Bruce 1986: fig. 2A). The new species can be distinguished from P. ingressicolumbi by the different shape and proportions of the chela of the major second pereiopod (cf. Fig. 6 b, c and Berggren &amp; Svane 1989: fig. 4B); the much more slender propodi and dactyli of the third to fifth pereiopods (cf. Fig. 5 i, l and Berggren &amp; Svane 1989: fig. 4F-H); the less developed hepatic tooth (cf. Fig. 5 b and Berggren &amp; Svane 1989: fig. 2A, B); the more slender telson (cf. Fig. 5 e and Berggren &amp; Svane 1989: fig. 2F); and the antennal scaphocerite with a much deeper cleft between the distolateral tooth and the blade (cf. Fig. 5 a and Berggren &amp; Svane 1989: fig. 2E).</p><p>Periclimenes bathyalis sp. nov. is not morphologically close to the other western Atlantic deep-water and deeper subtidal species of Periclimenes, viz. Periclimenes tenellus (267–733 m) (see Figs. 3, 4), Periclimenes pandionis Holthuis, 1951 (179 m), Periclimenes magnus Holthuis, 1951 (50 m), Periclimenes finlayi Chace, 1972 (165–274 m), Periclimenes harringtoni Lebour, 1949 (shallow subtidal to 119 m), and Periclimenes iridescens Lebour, 1949 (shallow subtidal to 183 m) (cf. Lebour 1949; Holthuis 1951; Chace 1972). Among these species, P. tenellus, P. pandionis and P. finlayi approach P. bathyalis sp. nov. in the general shape of the rostrum and second pereiopods. However, these three species can be separated by the strongly biunguiculate dactyli on the third to fifth pereiopods, proportions of the antennal scaphocerite, and several other features (cf. Holthuis 1951; Chace 1972; see also Figs. 3, 4).</p><p>The ecological data for the holotype of Periclimenes bathyalis sp. nov. only indicates the collection depth (320 m) of the specimen. In common with most of the deeper water species of Periclimenes, its ecology, whether freeliving or symbiont of sessile or slowly moving marine invertebrate, remains unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D7870BFFBDFFA6DBF1F460FBC3FE8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anker, Arthur;Pachelle, Paulo P. G.;Tavares, Marcos	Anker, Arthur, Pachelle, Paulo P. G., Tavares, Marcos (2014): Two new species and two new records of deep-water caridean shrimps from Brazil (Decapoda: Pandalidae, Palaemonidae, Crangonidae). Zootaxa 3815 (2): 263-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3815.2.6
03D7870BFFB1FFA1DBF1F476FC38F9E2.text	03D7870BFFB1FFA1DBF1F476FC38F9E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionocrangon brasiliensis	<div><p>Prionocrangon brasiliensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 7, 8</p><p>Material examined. Southwestern Atlantic Ocean off Brazil: holotype, male (cl 4.8 mm), TAAF MD 55 / BRÉSIL 1987, station 54 CB 93, depth: 707–733 m, 19º36’S 38º53’W, 30.V.1987 (MZUSP 31147); paratype, male (cl 5.5 mm), TAAF MD 55 / BRÉSIL 1987, station 54 CB 93, depth: 707–733 m, 19º36’S 38º53’W, 30.V.1987 (MZUSP 31146); paratype, ovigerous female (cl 7.6 mm), TAAF MD 55 / BRÉSIL 1987, station 54 CB 93, depth: 707–733 m, 19º36’S 38º53’W, 30.V.1987 (MZUSP 31498).</p><p>Description. Rostrum relatively long, usually reaching beyond base of branchiostegal (= pterygostomial) tooth, directed obliquely upwards, distally subacute, about 0.11–0.12 times as long as carapace (Fig. 7 a, h, l). Middorsal carina of carapace armed with 10–13 teeth, two or three of them beyond carapace mid-length, anterior-most tooth distinctly removed from rostrum (Fig. 7 a, h, l). Antennal tooth relatively small, subtriangular, marginal; pterygostomial tooth very strong, falling short of tip of distolateral tooth of antennal basicerite, not reaching beyond distal margin of eyestalks (Fig. 7 a, b).</p><p>Fourth and fifth abdominal somites without dorsal carina; fourth and fifth somites faintly pitted; sixth somite about 1.6 times as long as fifth (measured along mid-dorsal line); posterolateral margin with short, truncated lobe, without sharp tooth; ventrolateral angle with conspicuous depression, without deep incision (Fig. 7 d). Telson subequal to sixth abdominal somite in length, much shorter than uropods; lateral margins more or less straight in anterior portion of telson, with strong convexity at about mid-length, and strongly convergent posterior to this convexity; dorsal surface with three pairs of spiniform setae, one pair near mid-length convexity and two pairs in posterior half of strongly tapering portion of telson, most-posterior pair adjacent to posterior margin; posterior margin rounded, about 0.25 length of proximal width of telson, with shallow median depression and two long, thick, plumose setae, without minute median denticle; ventral surface with strong teeth, forming telson-uropodal locking mechanism (Fig. 7 e, f).</p><p>Eyestalks elongate, cylindrical, with blunt extremities, somewhat twisted, curving ventrally in-between antennular peduncles; ventral surface with one more or less developed denticle (Fig. 7 b, c, i). Antennular peduncle with long proximal article, about 0.6 times as long as carapace; stylocerite with elongate, acute tip, not reaching distal margin of eyestalks (Fig. 7 a, b). Antenna with basicerite armed with strong distolateral tooth; scaphocerite equal to or slightly shorter than proximal article of antennular peduncle, with extremely narrow blade and small distolateral tooth (Fig. 7 b, j, tip sometimes broken). Third maxilliped with rudimentary exopod (Fig. 8 a).</p><p>First pereiopod with merus bearing small, sharp distodorsal tooth; palm moderately stout, 4.0–4.2 times as long as wide; pollex situated between 0.6 and 0.7 length of palm, stout, ending in sharp point; dactylus sickleshaped, not reaching proximal base of pollex when fully closed (Fig. 8 b–d, j). Second and third pereiopods typical for genus (Fig. 8 e, f). Fourth and fifth pereiopods with dactyli expanded, with minute terminal hook, 0.6 and 0.5 times as long as propodi, respectively (Fig. 8 g–i).</p><p>Endopods and protopods of pleopods without lateral lobe or distoventral projection; endopod of female second pleopod about 0.25 times as long as exopod; male second pleopod with appendix masculina much shorter than endopod, with few robust setae apically (Fig. 7 k). Uropod without specific features (Fig. 7 e).</p><p>Colour pattern unknown.</p><p>Etymology. Refers to the new species’ occurrence on the continental slope of Brazil; used as an adjective.</p><p>Distribution. Western Atlantic: presently known only from the type locality off Espírito Santo, Brazil, at a depth of 707– 733 m.</p><p>Remarks. Prionocrangon is morphologically a very homogeneous genus, making separation of the eight currently recognised species (Kim &amp; Chan 2005; Hendrickx &amp; Ayón-Parente 2012) extremely difficult. As Chace (1984) noted, “one feature that seems to be most useful in distinguishing the species, from prevailing knowledge, is the form of the degenerate eyes and eyestalks”. Kim &amp; Chan (2005) used this character throughout their revision of the genus, distinguishing between species with triangular eyestalks inhabiting deeper waters (1033–2556 m) and species with the eyestalks “drawn out to bluntly cylindrical or villiform extremities” from somewhat shallower depths (200–891 m).</p><p>Prionocrangon brasiliensis sp. nov. is morphologically very close to Prionocrangon pectinata Faxon, 1896, the only other Atlantic species of the genus, known from depths of 516–1236 m in the Gulf of Mexico and 200–1033 m in the Caribbean Sea (Faxon 1896; Cruz et al. 2002; Felder et al. 2009), differing from it most conspicuously by the elongate, cylindrical, distally broad and blunt eyestalks (Fig. 7 b, c) vs. much shorter, triangular, i.e. distally narrowing eyestalks in P. pectinata (Cruz et al. 2002: fig. 4; Kim &amp; Chan 2005: fig. 3B, C). In this respect, the new species resembles the Indo-West Pacific species Prionocrangon ommatosteres Wood- Mason in Wood-Mason &amp; Alcock, 1891, Prionocrangon dofleini Balss, 1913, Prionocrangon curvicaulis Yaldwyn, 1960, and Prionocrangon formosa Kim &amp; Chan, 2005 (Kim &amp; Chan 2005) . The Brazilian species differs from P. ommatosteres by the shorter antennal scaphocerite and much broader and shorter telson, the latter also with a different configuration of dorsal spines; from P. do f l e i n i by the absence of mid-dorsal carina on the fourth and fifth abdominal somites and broader telson; from P. curvicaulis by the much shorter antennal scaphocerite (reaching far beyond distal margin of first article of antennular peduncle in P. c u r v i c au l i s vs. not reaching this margin in P. brasiliensis sp. nov.); and from P. formosa by the fewer teeth on the carapace (6 in P. f o r m o s a vs. 10 –13 in P. brasiliensis sp. nov.) and more convex lateral margin of the telson (cf. Figs. 7, 8 and Kim &amp; Chan 2005: figs. 1, 4–8). The new species also differs from the recently described Prionocrangon incisum Hendrickx &amp; Ayón- Parente, 2012 from the eastern Pacific, by the absence of a deep incision on the posteroventral margin of the sixth abdominal somite, apically broad (not narrowing) eyestalks, and absence of a distinct U-shaped groove on the carapace flanks (cf. Figs. 7 a, b, d and Hendrickx &amp; Ayón-Parente 2012: 1A, C, E, G, H).</p><p>The authors are aware that the shape of the eyestalks and some of the other characters currently used in taxonomy of Prionocrangon (Chace 1984; Kim &amp; Chan 2005) may eventually be shown to be variable. In addition, the scarcity of the material makes taxonomic decisions even more challenging. However, assigning the Brazilian specimens to one of the previously described species, for instance, to the Atlantic P. pectinata with much shorter, triangular eyestalks, or to one of the Indo-West Pacific taxa with similarly elongate eyestalks, but with one or two differences in other features, would seriously destabilise the current taxonomic concept of Prionocrangon (Kim &amp; Chan 2005) . Future research on this rare and bizarre genus, including comparison of DNA sequences from fresh specimens, will show whether P. brasiliensis sp. nov. is a distinct southwestern Atlantic taxon or conspecific with P. pectinata or one of the Indo-West Pacific (and hence pantropical) species.</p><p>The ecology and biology of Prionocrangon brasiliensis sp. nov. remains largely unknown. The type series was found syntopically with another crangonid shrimp, Parapontophilus gracilis, recently reported from Brazil by Cardoso (2013). Interestingly, P. gracilis, unlike all species of Prionocrangon, has large and well-pigmented corneas. The very large egg size of P. brasiliensis sp. nov. (Fig. 7 g) suggests that this species may have an abbreviated larval development, i.e. with a few lecithotrophic larvae.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D7870BFFB1FFA1DBF1F476FC38F9E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anker, Arthur;Pachelle, Paulo P. G.;Tavares, Marcos	Anker, Arthur, Pachelle, Paulo P. G., Tavares, Marcos (2014): Two new species and two new records of deep-water caridean shrimps from Brazil (Decapoda: Pandalidae, Palaemonidae, Crangonidae). Zootaxa 3815 (2): 263-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3815.2.6
