taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D7F370FFEBC865FF5DF986A98DFDBF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from Macrocentrum steyermarkii Wurdack (1967 a: 267) by the epiphytic habit (vs. epipetric), stem trichomes up to 3 mm long (vs. absent or up to 1.2 mm long), leaves serrulate in the distal apex (vs. entire or ciliolate), and glandular pubescent on both surfaces (vs. glabrous).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFEBC865FF5DF986A98DFDBF.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Distrito Palcazú, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, Quebrada David, 10 ° 23 ’ 23 ” S 75 ° 17 ’ 07 ” W, 576 m, 28 May 2011 (fl, fr), R. Vásquez, M. Villalba & C. Mateo 37403 (holotype NY!; isotypes HOXA, HUT, MO!, MOL, USM). Epiphytic herb 7 – 20 cm tall. The stems with adventitious roots, especially towards the base where devoid of leaves; towards the apex slightly quadrangular, sparsely pubescent, the trichomes 1.5 – 2.5 mm long, simple and glandular, mostly along the ridges of the internodes, but also on the nodes and in between the ridges, the internodes with an interpetiolar line and minute (<0.1 mm long) sessile dark glands. Leaves anisophyllous, larger leaves oblanceolate to obovate, petioles 3 – 10 (– 13) mm long; blades 12 – 26 × 3.4 – 7.5 (– 9) mm, base acute, apex bluntly acute, margin entire in the proximal half and crenulate, ciliate in the distal half, the trichomes on each tooth simple, glandular, up to 3 mm long, abaxial surface very sparsely glandular-setulose, tricomes 2.2 – 3 mm long, densely white pustulate and with sparse dark sessile glands ca. 1 mm long, 1 - nerved, adaxial surface sparsely glandular-setulose, trichomes 1.8 – 3 mm long; smaller leaves sometimes absent, if present, with the same shape and indumentum as the larger leaves, petioles 1.5 – 3.5 mm long, blades 3.5 – 6 (– 9) × 2.2 – 4.2 mm. Inflorescences solitary or in pairs in the upper leaf axils, pedicels 5 – 8.5 mm long, quadrangular and winged, sparsely glandular-setulose, trichomes up to 2.5 mm long. Bracteoles caducous, up to 1.8 mm long, subulate to spatulate, glabrous or with a few glandular trichomes up to 0.5 mm long. Flowers 4 - merous. Hypanthium 2.6 – 3.1 mm long, broadly campanulate, sparsely glandular-setose, torus glabrous. Calyx tube 0.3 – 0.45 mm long, sepals internal laminae 0.9 – 1.25 mm long, rounded, margin slightly irregular and with sessile glands slightly imbricate, sepals external projections absent. Petals white, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 5 – 6 × 2.5 mm, apex broadly acute; stamens isomorphic, glabrous, filaments 3 – 3.2 mm long, thecae 2.2 mm long, connective not prolonged, but with a dorsal subulate tooth 0.7 – 1 mm long. Ovary 4 / 5 inferior, 3 - locular, apex truncate, glabrous; style ca. 5.7 mm long, glabrous, stigma punctiform. Fruits capsular, apically dehiscent, 8 - costate, the sepals persistent. Paratype: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Distrito Palcazú, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, Quebrada Paujil, 10 ° 19 ’ 26 ” S, 75 ° 15 ’ 49 ” W, 399 m, 23 October 2014 (fr), R. Vásquez et al. 39321 (HOXA!, MO!, USM!).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFEBC865FF5DF986A98DFDBF.taxon	distribution	Distribution, ecology, and phenology: — Macrocentrum andinum is known from only two specimens at 399 – 576 m elev., growing as a low epiphyte along two small creeks, both tributaries of the Iscozacín River in the eastern portion of the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park (Figure 2). Flowers and fruits present in October. Conservation Status: — Macrocentrum andinum is known from only two localities less than 5 km away, both of them inside the National Park. Although we would wish to recommend it to be considered as Critically Endangered, at this point it is probably best considered as Data Deficient (DD) (IUCN 2001; IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2017).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFEBC865FF5DF986A98DFDBF.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet refers to the fact that this is the first species of Macrocentrum described from the foothills of the Andes.	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFEBC865FF5DF986A98DFDBF.taxon	discussion	Comments: — Macrocentrum andinum closely resembles M. steyermarkii due to its anysophyllous leaves with the larger one at each node oblanceolate to obovate, and four-merous flowers on long pedicels. However, it differs from it by the presence of longer glandular trichomes on the stem and the leaves serrulate towards the apex and pubescent on both surfaces (vs. leaves entire and glabrous). Macrocentrum andinum also resembles M. minus Gleason in Steyermark (1952: 432), but the latter has sessile flowers and the upper leaf surface trichomes are confined to the outer third, while they are spread throughout in the former. As indicated above, Macrocentrum is a genus mostly restricted to the Guiana Shield, with one species found in the Coastal Cordillera of Venezuela (Wurdack 1973; Berry et al. 2001). A few specimens that perfectly match the type and other specimens of M. yaracuyense Wurdack (1969 [1970]: 59) have also been collected in the Cordillera del Condor in Southern Ecuador and in the Marañon valley in Northern Peru. However, M. andinum does not resemble M. yaracuyense (or the closely related M. cristatum (de Candolle 1828: 113) Triana (1871: 79 )).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFECC867FF5DFD68ACF6FC5F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from Meriania tetragona (Cogniaux 1908: 137) Wurdack (1964: 411) due to the petioles lacking protuberances right at the insertion into the leaf blade (vs. petioles with protuberances in M. tetragona), acute leaf bases (vs. cordate), truncate calyx (vs. distinct, broadly triangular calyx laminae) and 4 - merous flowers (vs. 5 - merous).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFECC867FF5DFD68ACF6FC5F.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Distrito Huancabamba, Sector Oso Playa, Camino a la parcela Oso Playa, 10 ° 19 ’ 05 ” S 75 ° 36 ’ 28 ” W, 2565 m, 25 June 2006 (fl), L. Cárdenas, A. Monteagudo, A. Peña, J. Mateo, R. Francis 458 (Holotype: USM!; isotypes: AMAZ, CUZ, HOXA!, HUT, MO!, MOL, USM!). Shrub or small tree 3 – 6 m tall. Young stems terete to slightly quadrangular, not winged, and terete with age, the thick nodal collar with interpetiolar flaps 3 – 7 mm high, deflexed and cucullate, sparsely to moderately covered with glandular projections up to 0.1 mm long, sometimes long and slender, sometimes shorter and globose, usually with very short enations. Leaves opposite, isophyllous; petiole 14 – 52 mm long, with the same trichomes as the stems; blade 10 – 19 × 3.2 – 7.6 cm, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, apex long-acuminate, base acute to seldom obtuse, margin thinly hyaline and crenulate-denticulate, membranaceous, acrodromous nerves 3 or 5, suprabasal (the inner pair of secondaries joining the midvein 3 – 7 (– 15) mm above the base), plus a very thin, submarginal pair running up to the leaf apex, tertiary complete vein pairs 25 – 35, always intercalating with additional, incomplete, percurrent veins, midvein, secondary and tertiary veins only impressed, and reticulation barely visible on the adaxial surface, midvein, secondary and tertiary veins strongly prominent, and reticulation prominent or only impressed on the abaxial surface, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface with sparse trichomes similar to the ones on the stems or glabrous. Panicles 27 – 34 cm long (from which 6.5 – 12 cm are peduncles), terminal and apparently pendulous, multiflorous, with a single axis and ca. 5 pairs of paraclades, the nodes sometimes with accessory branches, the axis covered with the same indumentum as the branches; bracts and bracteoles not seen. Flowers on pedicels 6 – 7.1 mm long, 4 - merous. Hypanthium ca. 3.6 – 4.7 × 5 – 6.7 mm, campanulate, color unknown, outside glabrous or with very sparse trichomes similar to the ones on young stems and inflorescences, inside glabrous; torus glabrous. Calyx tube 0.4 – 0.7 mm long, color unknown, truncate to slightly undulate with no distinct sepals internal laminae, margins entire; sepals external projections a mere pointed hump 0.2 – 0.3 mm long, much shorter than the tube. Petals 11.7 – 12.3 × 7.8 – 8.8 mm, red, orbiculate and strongly cucullate, the apex aparently emarginate and asymmetrical, but this must be checked in fresh material since the petals may have ruptured when dried, margin entire, glabrous. Stamens subisomorphic, color unknown; filaments 3.9 – 4.9 mm long, glabrous and very flat, anthers 4.7 – 5 mm long, in a 45 o angle to the filament, narrowly oblong but slightly tapering to the apex, this more or less rounded to obtuse, the pore ca. 0.3 mm diam., apical but slightly ventrally inclined, connective not prolonged below the thecae, but projected as a dorsal triangular spur 5.9 – 6.6 m long, acuminate, lacking an ascending appendage, glabrous. Ovary 4 - locular, 1 / 3 inferior, apex glabrous; style 17 – 20 mm long, curved at the apex at anthesis, but straight afterwards (before falling), glabrous, stigma capitate. Mature fruits and seeds not seen. Paratypes: — PERU. Pasco: Provincia de Oxapampa, Dist. Huancabamba, Sector Oso Playa, Margen izquierda del río, 2497 m, 10 ° 19 ’ 28 ” S 75 ° 36 ’ 07 ” W, 20 June 2006 (fl buds), L. Cárdenas & J. Mateo 407 (AMAZ, CUZ, HOXA!, HUT, MO!, USM!); remanente de Bosque, 10 ° 19 ’ 21 ” S 75 ° 34 ’ 11 ” W, 2200 m, 26 June 2004 (fl buds), R. Rojas, & J. Perea 3073 (HOXA!, MO!); Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, zona de amortiguamiento, 10 ° 19 ’ 05 ” S 75 ° 36 ’ 28 ” W, 2567 m, 25 June 2008 (fl), A. Monteagudo et al. 16516 (HOXA!, MO!, USM!);	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFECC867FF5DFD68ACF6FC5F.taxon	distribution	Distribution, ecology, and phenology: — Meriania rubriflora is only known from the Oso Playa area in the North West portion of the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park, growing in forests or forest remnants at 2200 – 2600 m elev. (Figure 2). All known specimens have been collected with flowers or flower buds in June. Conservation Status: — Meriania rubriflora is known from four collections from three neighboring localities, with an EOO of 1.324 km 2 and an AOO of 12 km 2. One of these localities is outside the National Park, and the area is under severe pressure for logging, cattle ranching, farming and hunting. These three localities are all inside the same valley and can be considered just one population. Thus we recommend that this species is considered as Critically Endangered (B 1 ab; IUCN 2001; IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2017).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFECC867FF5DFD68ACF6FC5F.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet alludes to the red color of the petals.	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFECC867FF5DFD68ACF6FC5F.taxon	discussion	Comments: — Meriania rubriflora probably belongs in a group of species mostly from Southern Ecuador and Northern Peru composed of M. almedae Wurdack (1979: 339), M. radula (Bentham 1845: 130) Triana (1871: 66), M. sanguinea (Wurdack 1967 b: 4), and M. tetragona. It shares with these species the red flowers, square to winged stems, and a nodal stipular flap (this last character absent in M. radula). However, unlike the aforementioned species, M. rubriflora has plinerved leaves with an acute base and smooth adaxial surface (vs. basally nerved leaves with a round to cordate base and bullate to rugose surface), lacks protuberances at the apex of the petiole on the abaxial surface (vs. present), and has four-merous flowers (vs. five-merous flowers). Axinaea pendula Cotton in Cotton et al. (2014: 90) and A. crassinoda Triana (1871: 69) also resemble this group of red-flowered Meriania with their square stems and well-developed nodal stipular flap, but both these species have globose and inflated anther appendages. Axinaea pendula and A. crassinoda also have bullate leaves (unlike M. rubriflora) and four-merous flowers (like M. rubriflora). The differences and similarities between these two groups of species in Axinaea and Meriania underscore the blurred lines between these two genera.	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFEEC86AFF5DFC48A9E6FDF7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from Miconia muricata (Don 1823: 321) Triana (1871: 102) due to its lower stature, leaves that are basally nerved, narrowly oblanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate and with an acute base (vs. plinerved, rounded to elliptic-ovate, and with the base rounded to cordate in M. muricata). Also differs by the hypanthium trichomes branched with short arms (vs. not branched) and the presence of fewer glands on the base of the anther connective (4 – 7 per side vs.> 10).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFEEC86AFF5DFC48A9E6FDF7.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Dist. Palcazú, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, Sector Paujil, Trocha hacia la parcela Paujil-Ozus, 10 ° 18 ’ 16 ” S 75 ° 16 ’ 38 ” W, 429 m, 12 March 2008 (fl), R. Vásquez et al. 33938 (holotype USM!; isotypes: AMAZ, HOXA!, HUT, MO!, NY!). Shrubs or treelets up to 4 m tall. Young stems terete to slightly flattened and a bit depressed at the internode apices, and terete with age, interpetiolar ridge thin, but prominent, the young stems densely covered with short dendritic, 0.3 – 0.5 mm long, ca. 0.3 mm diam., erect, eglandular, whitish trichomes, the axis strongly inflated and globose, with very short arms that seem to be caducous, then the trichomes in older stems are globose, rough but armless, and also sparser. Leaves opposite, isophyllous; petiole 10 – 39 mm long, with the same trichomes as the stems; blade 8 – 14.5 × 1.8 – 3 cm, narrowly oblanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, apex long-acuminate to broadly caudate, base narrowly rounded, margin thinly hyaline and crenulate, chartaceous, acrodromous nerves 3, basal, plus a very thin, submarginal pair running up to the leaf apex, tertiary complete vein pairs 40 – 50, with a very few intercalating, incomplete, percurrent veins, midvein, secondary and tertiary veins only slightly impressed, and reticulation barely visible on the adaxial surface, midvein, secondary and tertiary veins strongly prominent, and reticulation impressed on the abaxial surface, adaxial surface glabrous, but with a cluster of trichomes similar to the ones on the petiole right where the secondaries meet the midvein, abaxial surface with sparse stellate trichomes 0.1 – 0.2 mm diam. in young leaves, caducous and sometimes present near the main veins in older flowers, the main veins with the same stellate trichomes but also sometimes with bigger, globose trichomes like the ones on the petioles. Panicles 7 – 7.5 × 3.5 – 4 cm long, terminal, pyramidal, multiflorous, with a single axis and 5 – 6 pairs of erect paraclades, nodes lacking accessory branches, the axis covered with the same indument as the branches; bracts and bracteoles not seen, and probably very early caducous. Flowers sessile or on short pedicel-like constricted bases less than 1 mm long, 5 - merous. Hypanthium ca. 4.5 – 5 × 3.5 – 4 mm, campanulate, light green to whitish in fresh material, outside densely covered with dendritic trichomes similar to the ones on young stems and inflorescences, inside glabrous; torus with a fringe of trichomes 0.2 – 0.3 mm long, glandular. Calyx tube 1.2 – 1.6 mm long, light green to whitish; sepals internal laminae 2.1 – 2.6 mm long, triangular, the apex broadly acute or rounded, margins sparsely ciliolate; sepals external projections 0.4 – 0.5 mm long, tuberculate, acute, slightly shorter than the laminae. Petals 7.6 – 8.3 × 3.5 – 3.7 mm, elliptic-lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, apex slightly emarginate and asymmetrical, margin entire, glabrous, white. Stamens slightly dimorphic, fuchsia to dark pink or purple; antesepalous with filaments 6 – 6.4 mm long, moderately covered with glandular trichomes 0.1 mm long, anthers 5 – 5.3 mm long, linear-oblong, proximally ventrally arched and distally straight or slightly dorsally arched, pore ca. 0.1 mm diam., slightly ventrally inclined, connective barely prolonged below the thecae, ventrally slightly projected into two narrow, short, rounded auricles, these covered with pedicellate glands 0.1 – 0.25 mm long; antepetalous with filaments 5.4 – 5.8 mm long, moderately covered with glandular trichomes ca. 0.1 mm long, anthers 4.3 – 4.5 mm long, linear-oblong, ventrally arched, pore ca. 0.1 mm diam., slightly ventraly inclined, connective barely prolonged below the thecae, unappendeged, the base with a few pedicellate glands 0.1 – 0.25 mm long. Ovary 5 - locular, 2 / 3 inferior, the free portion projecting ca. 1 mm, terete, apex glabrous; style 12 – 14 mm long, sigmoidal, moderately covered with glandular trichomes ca. 0.1 mm long, stigma capitate. Mature fruits and seeds not seen. Paraypes: — PERU. Pasco: Provice of Oxapampa, Dist. Palcazú, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, sector Paujil, margen izquierda del Río Iscozacín; sobre suelo arenoso en zona innundada, 350 m, 16 July 2017 (fl buds), F. A. Michelangeli & R. Goldenberg 2840 (HOXA!, NY!, USM!); 399 m, 10 ° 19 ’ 26 ” S, 75 ° 15 ’ 49 ” W, 18 September 2014, Vásquez et al. 39095 (HOXA!, MO!, USM!); borde del Río Iscozacín, 10 ° 11 ’ 32 ” S, 75 ° 09 ’ 37 ” W, 330 m, 27 January 2007 (fl), R. Vásquez et al. 31690 (HOXA!, MO!); Estación Biológica Paujil, camino hacia el Chiflón, 365 m, 10 ° 18 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 15 ’ 44 ” W, 15 March 2009 (fl), R. Vásquez et al. 35629 (HOXA!, HUT; MO!, NY!, USM!); Estación Biólogica Paujil, colpa Lobo, 405 m, 10 ° 21 ’ 32 ” S 75 ° 14 ’ 48 ” W, 17 March 2011 (fl), R. Vásquez & C. Mateo 37290 (HOXA!, MO!, USM, NY!); orillas de la quebrada “ El Venado ”, 1274 m [sic], 10 ° 20 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 15 ’ 09 ” W, 11 March 2015 (fl buds), 11 March 2015, V. Zuñiga 99 (HOXA!, MO).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFEEC86AFF5DFC48A9E6FDF7.taxon	distribution	Distribution, ecology, and phenology: — Miconia palcazuana grows along the Iscozacín River and its tributaries at elevations of 300 – 400 m (the elevation of 1274 m given in the Zuñiga collection is surely mistaken). It is found in sandy areas that are prone to flooding during the rainy season (Figure 6). Flowering material has been collected in March and September, and flower buds in July. Conservation Status: — Miconia palcazuana has an EOO of 20.78 km 2 and an AOO of 20 km 2, although given its restrictive habitat along river banks, the effective area is much smaller. Half of the collections are known from inside the National Park and the other half outside the park, with some of these within the Yanesha Comunal Reserve. Until we can ascertain the impact of human activities along the Iscozacín River we recommend that this species is considered as Data Deficient (IUCN 2001; IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2017).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFEEC86AFF5DFC48A9E6FDF7.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet refers to the district of Palcazú of the Province of Oxapampa where this species is found.	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFEEC86AFF5DFC48A9E6FDF7.taxon	discussion	Comments: — The leaves, flowers and pubescence of M. palcazuana most closely resemble those of M. muricata, a species also found in Central Peru, but that grows at higher elevations (800 – 1300 m), and it is not associated with flooded vegetation. Both species have leaves with the leaf margins crenate to denticulate, the hypanthium covered with trichomes, and the internal surface of the calyx pilose. However, M. muricata has much larger and broader leaves (11 – 33 × 10 – 21 cm vs. 8 – 14.5 × 1.8 – 3 cm), that are rounded to elliptic-ovate (vs. narrowly oblanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate) and have a rounded to cordate base and plinerved (vs. acute bases and basally nerved in M. palcazuana). Additionally, the surface of the hypanthium is more verrucose and has trichomes that lack arms in M. muricata. It may be pertinent to note that Macbride (1941) considered the possibility of Miconia muricata and M. glandulifera Cogniaux (1891: 951) being the same species, and Wurdack (1972) initially agreed with this assessment. However, close inspection of the venation and trichomes of both types, as well as flower / fruit size shows that these are indeed distinct species (Wurdack 1981). Miconia muricata has now been collected several times in flower in the Tunquí- Huampal sector of the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and these collections confirm that the species is in fact distinct from M. glandulifera. However, these specimens also show that M. rosea Gleason (1941: 247) may be a synonym of M. muricata and a detailed evaluation of these two species in Bolivia and Peru is needed.	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE2C86EFF5DFF6FA83BF8E7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from Miconia incachacana Wurdack (1972: 483) due to the flattened to terete branches (vs. obviously tetragonal in M. incachacana), smaller leaves (7 – 13 × 4 – 6 cm vs. 10 – 22 × 4.5 – 7.5 cm), shorter inflorescence (6 – 16 cm long vs. 14 – 23 cm long), larger petals (6.3 – 7.1 × 5.5 – 6.5 mm vs. 4.8 – 5 × 4 – 4.2 mm), and glabrous ovary apex (vs. with a glandular-ciliolate collar).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE2C86EFF5DFF6FA83BF8E7.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Dist. Huancabamba, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, parte alta de la trocha Yanachaga-Palcazú, 2650 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 42 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 00 ” W, 1 December 2007 (fl), A. Monteagudo 16057 (holotype: USM!; isotypes: HOXA!, MO!, NY!). Shrubs or treelets 1.5 – 4 (– 7) m tall, occasionally decumbent. Young stems terete to slightly flattened and depressed at the internode apices, and terete with age, interpetiolar / subpetiolar ridge very thick and continuous, i. e. there is an annular structure around the stem node, the young stems densely covered with long dendritic-pedicellate trichomes, 0.4 – 1.5 mm long, erect, eglandular, the axis rough at the base then simple or with very short arms concentrated at its apex, ochraceous, the trichomes paler and somewhat caducous on older stems. Leaves opposite, isophyllous; petiole 9 – 12 mm long, with the same trichomes as the stems; blade 7 – 13 × 4 – 6 cm, obovate to elliptic, apex obtuse to broadly acute, base acute or rounded, margin repand, hyaline and revolute, coriaceous, acrodromous nerves 5, suprabasal (the inner pair of secondaries joining the midvein 4.5 – 9 (– 13) mm above the base), the outer pair submarginal, distally fainter and disappearing towards the leaf apex, tertiary complete vein pairs 22 – 28, lacking intercalating, incomplete, percurrent veins, midvein and secondary veins strongly impressed, tertiary veins and reticulation slightly impressed on the adaxial surface, midvein, secondary and tertiary veins strongly prominent, and reticulation prominent on the abaxial surface, adaxial surface moderately to sparsely covered with dendritic trichomes in young leaves, and caducous or broken in older ones, sometimes persistent along the main nerves, abaxial surface moderately to densely covered (but never completely concealing the surface) with dendritic-penicellate trichomes 1 – 2 mm long, erect but curved, the axis rough and with very short arms concentrated at the somewhat widened apex, eglandular, brownish. Panicles 6 – 16 × 3 – 6.5 cm long, terminal, broadly pyramidal, multiflorous, with 3 main axes departing from the base, each one with 4 – 6 pairs of erect paraclades, nodes lacking accessory branches, the axis covered with the same indumentum as the branches; bracts and bracteoles not seen, and probably very early caducous. Flowers on short pedicels 1 – 1.5 mm long, 5 - merous. Hypanthium ca. 3.5 – 4 × 4.5 – 5 mm, campanulate, green, outside densely covered with dendritic trichomes similar to the ones on young stems and inflorescences, inside glabrous; torus glabrous. Calyx tube 1.1 – 1.4 mm long; sepals internal laminae 2.3 – 2.6 mm long, reddish, trapezoidal, the apex truncate, margins lacerate-ciliolate; sepals external projections a mere triangular hump, shorter than the laminae. Petals 6.3 – 7.1 × 5.5 – 6.5 mm, broadly obovate, apex slightly emarginate and asymmetrical, margin entire, glabrous, white. Stamens isomorphic, yellow; filaments 4.5 – 4.8 mm long, moderately covered with glandular trichomes 0.1 – 0.3 mm long, anthers 3 – 3.1 mm long, ovate-oblong, the thecae slightly diverging at the base and laterally projecting into very short, broadly rounded lobes, the minute pore ca. 0.15 mm diam., slightly ventrally inclined on top of a very short beak, connective barely prolonged below the thecae, dorsally very shortly projected into a very broad, rounded or slightly emarginate appendage, lacking glands. Ovary 5 - locular, inferior, apex glabrous; style ca. 7 mm long, curved, moderately covered with glandular trichomes 0.2 – 0.4 mm, stigma capitate. Mature fruits dark crimson at first, later maturing black, up to 7.5 mm diam, subglobose with the persistent calyx upright. Seeds not seen. Paratypes: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Dist. Oxapampa, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, Abra Esperanza, 2790 m, 10 ° 32 ’ 02 ” S 75 ° 20 ’ 58 ” W, 29 October 2010 (fl), E. Briceño & R. Rivera 341 (HOXA!, MO!, NY!, USM); Sector San Alberto, camino hacia el ojo de agua, 2877 m, 10 ° 31 ’ 45 ” S 75 ° 21 ’ 08 ” W, 13 October 2006 (fr), L. Cárdenas & R. Francis 853 (CUZ, HOXA!); aprox. 2 horas del Refugio Abra Esperanza dirección sur-este, 2972 m, 10 ° 32 ’ 30 ” S 75 ° 20 ’ 56 ” W, 18 – 19 April 2009 (fl, fr), M. Cueva & R. Rivera 555 (HOXA, HUT, MO!, USM!); sector San Alberto, sendero entre Abra Esperanza y bosque esclerófilo hacia el N del refugio, 2915 m, 10 ° 31 ’ 42.4 ” S 75 ° 21 ’ 15.1 ” W, 21 March 2016 (fl buds), F. A. Michelangeli 2744 et al. (HOXA!, NY!, USM!); sector San Alberto; sendero entre refugio Abra Esperanza y ojos de agua, 2920 m, 10.5286 ° S, 75.3544 ° W, 19 July 2017 (fl), F. A. Michelangeli et al. 2872 (HOXA!, NY!, USM!); sector San Alberto, pajonal al S del Abra Esperanza, 3020 m, 10 ° 31 ’ 42 ” S 75 ° 21 ’ 15 ” W, 19 February 2018 (fl, fr), F. A. Michelangeli & S. Riva 2939 (HOXA!, NY!, UFPR!; USM!); sector San Alberto, 2837 m, 10 ° 31 ’ 50 ” S 75 ° 21 ’ 06 ” W, 12 November 2010 (fl), J. Perea et al. 4709 (HOXA!, MO!); Abra Yanachaga, 2900 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 43 ” W, 12 June 2003, R. Vásquez et al. 28119 (AMAZ, HOXA!, HUT!, MO!, MOL, NY!, USM); Abra Yanachaga, 2900 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 43 ” W, 12 June 2003 (fl, fr), R. Vásquez et al. 28167 (AMAZ, HOXA!, HUT!, MO!, MOL, NY!, USM); Abra Yanachaga, 10 ° 22 ’ S 75 ° 27 ’ W, 01 August 2003 (fl), R. Vásquez et al. 28383 (AMAZ, HOXA!, HUT!, MO!, MOL, NY!, USM); Abra Yanachaga, 2870 – 3200 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 43 ” W, 01 August 2003 (fl), R. Vásquez et al. 28425 (AMAZ, HOXA!, HUT!, MO!, MOL, NY!, USM); Abra Yanachaga, 2870 – 3200 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 43 ” W, 01 August 2003 (fl), R. Vásquez et al. 28457 (HOXA!, MO!, NY!, USM); Abra Yanachaga, 2900 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 43 ” W, 20 August 2004 (fl), R. Vásquez et al. 30440 (HOXA!, MO!, NY!, USM); Estacion Biológica San Alberto, Abra Esperanza, 2903 m, 10 ° 31 ’ 43 ” S 75 ° 21 ’ 17 ” W, 4 November 2012 (fl), R. Vasquez et al., 38138 (HOXA!, HUT, MO!, USM!). Distrito Huancabamba, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, Sector Abra Yanachaga, 2944 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 49 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 42 ” W, 18 April 2011 (fr), E. Briceño et al. 1066 (HOXA!, HUT, MO!, NY!, USM!); N of Oxapampa, on side road from Quillazú; to summit from road head, at the Paraiso-San Francisco, cutting trail up ravine and ridge to NE, 2000 – 3500 m, 10 ° 28 ’ S 75 ° 22 ’ W, 25 June 1988 (fl), R. Foster & B. Achille 12236 (F!, USM!); 2900 – 3000 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 42 ” W, 23 November 2004 (fl buds), A. Monteagudo et al. 7800 (HOXA!, NY!); 2900 – 3000 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 42 ” W, 23 November 2004 (fr), A. Monteagudo et al. 7803 (HOXA!, MO, NY!); 2900 – 3000 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 42 ” W, 23 November 2004 (fl), A. Monteagudo et al. 7805 (HOXA!, MO, NY!); parte alta de la trocha Erica, cerca a la cordillera Yanachaga, 3260 m, 10 ° 25 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 26 ’ 07 ” W, 22 April 2007 (fr), A. Monteagudo et al. 13759 (HOXA!, MO!, NY!, USM); 3170 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 33 ” S 75 ° 28 ’ 04 ” W, 24 November 2007 (fl), A. Monteagudo et al. 15962 (HOXA!, MO!, NY!, USM!); parte alta del campamento Abra Yanachaga, 2940 m, 10 ° 22 ’ 49 ” S 75 ° 27 ’ 42 ” W, 2 December 2007 (fr), A. Monteagudo et al. 16146 (HOXA!, HUT!, MO!, NY!, USM!); localidad de Lanturachi, sector Santa Barbara, camino a Milpo, 2824 m, 10 ° 22 ’ S 75 ° 36 ’ W, 10 October 2003 (fl, fr), J. Perea et al. 658 (HOXA!, HUT, MO!, NY!, USM!); trail to summit of Cordillera Yanachaga, via Rio San Daniel, 2700 – 3000 m, 10 ° 23 ’ S 75 ° 27 ’ W, 13 July 1984 (fl), D. N. Smith 7782 (MO, USM!); La Colmena-trocha Erica, 3320 m, 10 ° 27 ’ 13 ” S 75 ° 26 ’ 33 ” W, 19 August 2008 (fl buds), L. Valenzuela et al. 11532 (HOXA!, HUT, MO!, NY!, USM!); sector Grapanazú, La Colmena, “ Trocha Erica ”, 3487 m, 10 ° 25 ’ 36 ” S 75 ° 26 ’ 12 ” W, 22 May 2012 (fr), L. Valenzuela et al. 21167 (HOXA!, MO!, USM!); Sector San Daniel, en la trocha erica, 3250 – 3450 m, 10 ° 25 ’ 46 ” S 75 ° 26 ’ 06 ” W, 1 March 2008 (fr), R. Vásquez et al. 33842 (AMAZ, HOXA!, HUT, MO!, USM!); Milpo, 2950 – 3100 m, 10 º 23 ’ 01 ” S, 75 º 37 ’ 46 ” W, 31 October 2009 (fl), H. van der Werff 22901 (HOXA!, MO!, NY!, USM!); Milpo, 2950 – 3100 m, 10 º 23 ’ 01 ” S 75 º 37 ’ 6 ” W, 31 October 2009 (fl), H. van der Werff 22972 (HOXA!, HUT, MO!, MOL, USM!).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE2C86EFF5DFF6FA83BF8E7.taxon	distribution	Distribution, ecology, and phenology: — Miconia yanachagaensis is known from the dwarf high montane shrublands and exposed grasslands areas along the Cordillera Yanachaga and the North West portion of the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park above 2840 m, where it seems to be a common species (Figure 6). It has been found fruiting and flowering throughout the year. Conservation Status: — Miconia yanachagaensis has an EOO of 226.86 km 2 and an AOO of 36 km 2. In spite of its reduced EEO that would place it as Endangered, given the fact that the species seems to be locally abundant, most of the populations are inside a National Park in areas not frequented by the public and under no immediate threat, we recommend that this species is temporarily considered as Least Concern (IUCN 2001; IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2017).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE2C86EFF5DFF6FA83BF8E7.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet of this new species alludes to the name of the mountain range where most specimens have been collected and that also forms part of the name of the national park. Yanachaga is a Quechua word that means black bundle or black package (INRENA 2005).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE2C86EFF5DFF6FA83BF8E7.taxon	discussion	Comments: — Based on flower morphology, Miconia yanachagaensis would be placed in Miconia section Amblyharrhena Naudin (1850 a: 204) Triana ex Hook. f. in Bentham & Hooker (1867: 763), particularly due to its ovate-oblong anther thecae that open by a minute terminal pore. While this section is clearly not monophyletic, most species in it are found in the Andes, concentrated in two clades (Mecranium + Anaectocalyx + Allies and Miconia III sensu Goldenberg et al. 2008). This new species most closely resembles a large and complicated group of species of the Miconia III clade around Miconia floribunda (Bonpland 1816: 123) De Candolle (1828: 188), characterized by large flowers with yellow anthers and broad, capitate or funnelform stigmas. Moreover, the majority of these species also have glandular trichomes in the filament and / or style. This species group includes several species in the Andes and it is in dire need of a careful revision. In Peru this groups also includes at least Miconia incachacana, M. glandulistyla Wurdack (1978: 287), M. lasiostyla Gleason (1931: 243), M. madisonii Wurdack (1972: 482), M. modica Macbride (1929: 182) and M. terborghii Wurdack (1972: 483). Among all these species, Miconia yanachagaensis shares with M. incachacana and M. lasiostyla the long dendritic-pedicellate trichomes on the lower leaf surface; all other species are either glabrous or have stellate or stellate-pinnoid trichomes. Miconia yanachagaensis can be distinguished from the latter two species by the flattened to terete stems (vs. quadrangular and often winged) and by the nodal line, which is annular and thick in M. yanachagaensis, and thinner and just interpetiolar in M. incachacana and M. lasiostyla. Additionally the leaves often have a revolute margin and M. yanachagaensis, while they are flat in the other two species. See diagnosis for additional differences with M. incachacana. Previous to this work, the great majority of the specimens here cited as paratypes had been determined as Miconia griffisii Macbride (1929: 188). While the M. griffisii also has ovate, coriaceous leaves with dendritic trichomes on the abaxial surface, and it is found in similar environments, this later species has four-merous flowers, with short and broad, white to cream-colored anthers that open by longitudinal slits, which would place it in Miconia section Chaenopleura (Richard ex de Candolle 1828: 197) Triana ex Hook. f. in Bentham & Hooker (1867: 764).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE7C871FF5DF890AC0AF833.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from Triolena obliqua (Triana 1871: 81) Wurdack (1977: 243) by the presence of subisophyllous to anisophyllous leaves, and when anisophyllous then the smaller leaves petiolate and linear-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate or linear-oblong (vs. always anisophyllous in T. obliqua, and the small leaf in each pair subsessile, rounded to reniform). Also differs by the sepals internal laminae with entire margins (vs. lacerate-ciliolate), and the antesepalous stamens lacking a dorsal connective spur (vs. present in T. obliqua).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE7C871FF5DF890AC0AF833.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Dist. Palcazú, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, Sector Paujil, Quebrada Tunel, 429 m, 10 ° 20 ’ 42 ” S 75 ° 15 ’ 48 ” W, 17 March 2008 (fl, fr), R. Vásquez, A. Monteagudo, I. Huamantupa, A. Peña 34034 (Holotype: USM!; Isotypes: AMAZ, HOXA!, HUT, MO, MOL, NY!). Rhizomatose herbs 10 – 30 cm tall. Stems terete, moderately to densely covered with 0.4 – 1.2 mm long, unbranched trichomes, these simple or gland-tipped, appressed or erect and slightly curved, and also with tufts of 0.7 – 3 mm long, flattened, paleaceous, sometimes gland-tipped trichomes on the nodes, but sometimes isolated along the internodes and petioles. Leaves opposite, subisophyllous to anisophyllous, when anisophyllous the larger leaf in each pair with petioles 6 – 16 mm long, blade 5.5 – 7 × 1.5 – 2.4 cm, the small leaf in each pair with petioles 0.4 – 0.6 mm long, blade 2.5 – 3 × 0.6 – 0.9 cm (when subisophyllous similar to the big ones described above); all leaves linear-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate or linear-oblong, the apex acute to acuminate, base cordulate or seldom rounded, usually asymmetric, margins crenulate-ciliolate, the cilia slender, 0.5 – 1 mm long, acrodomous nerves 3, suprabasal (the inner pair of secondaries joining the midvein 1 – 2.5 mm above the base, often slightly asymetrically), midvein, secondaries, and tertiary veins impressed and located in depressions that make the actual adaxial surface somewhat raised, and slightly prominent on the abaxial surface, reticulation barely visible on both surfaces, adaxial surface with sparse, 0.3 – 0.6 mm long, unbranched, lacking gland heads, appressed trichomes, plus similar, but denser and larger, 0.5 – 2.3 mm long trichomes on the nerves, abaxial surface moderately to densely covered with trichomes only on the nerves, 0.4 – 1.5 mm long, unbranched, gland-tipped or not, erect and curved or appressed. Uniparous cymes 4 – 5 cm long, 5 – 7 - flowered, apical, the axis reddish, covered with the same indument as the branches; bracteoles lacking. Flowers on short pedicels ca. 1 mm long, 5 - merous. Hypanthium 2 – 2.3 × 2.5 – 2.6 mm, campanulate, light-green, outside densely covered with trichomes similar to the ones on young stems and inflorescences, inside glabrous; torus glabrous. Calyx tube 0.2 – 0.3 mm long, light-green, glabrous; sepals internal laminae 0.4 – 0.6 mm long, widely triangular, the apex broadly acute to obtuse, margins entire; sepals external projections 0.7 – 0.9 mm long (setula included), longer than the laminae, triangular, the apex acute and tipped with a setula 0.2 – 0.4 mm long. Petals 4 – 4.3 × 2.3 – 2.8 mm, elliptic, apex acute to broadly acuminate, margin entire to slightly crenulate, glabrous, white. Stamens dimorphic, yellow; antesepalous stamens with filaments ca. 2 mm long, glabrous, anthers ca. 1 mm long, oblong, the minute pore ca. 0.15 mm diam., apical, connective barely prolonged below the thecae, ventraly projected into two very long appendages, 1.6 – 2 mm long, erect (but slightly bending backwards), filiform, apex rounded, glabrous; antepetalous stamens with filaments ca. 2 mm long, glabrous, anthers ca. 0.8 mm long, widely oblong, the minute pore ca. 0.15 mm diam, apical, connective barely prolonged below the thecae, ventrally projected into two short appendages, 0.2 – 0.3 mm long, erect, narrowly triangular, acute, glabrous, or occasionally with one short appendage and one long appendage (as in the antesepalous stamens). Ovary 3 - locular, ½ – completely inferior, the apex with a collar around the base of the style 0.7 – 1 mm tall, glabrous; style 5.5 – 5.9 mm long, straight but slightly curved at the apex, glabrous, stigma rouded and long-papillose. Fruits capsular, triquetrous, 5 – 5.5 × 4.3 – 5.2 mm. Paratypes: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Dist. Palcazú, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, sector Paujil, sendero en la margen Oeste del Río Iscozacín, camino Colpa Lobo; rocas en zonas sombreadas a lo largo del río, 380 m, 10.3308 ° S 75.2541 ° W, 13 July 2017 (fr) F. A. Michelangeli & R. Goldenberg 2796 (NY!, USM!); Sector San Francisco de Pichanaz (Puente Albariño), 500 m, 10 ° 15 ’ S, 75 º 15 ’ W, 12 February 2005 (fl, fr), R. Rojas et al. 3499 (HOXA!, MO!); Puente Pan de Azúcar, camino a Playa Caliente, 304 m, 10 ° 15 ’ 10 ” S 75 ° 13 ’ 28 ” W, 8 June 2008 (fl, fr), R. Rojas et al. 5693 (HOXA!, HUT!, MO!, MOL, NY!, USM!); Camino del Puente Pan de Azúcar a Playa Caliente, 304 m, 10 ° 15 ’ 10 ” S 75 ° 13 ’ 28 ” W, 22 May 2010 (fl, fr), R. Vásquez et al. 36566 (HOXA!, HUT!, MO, MOL, NY!, USM!).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE7C871FF5DF890AC0AF833.taxon	distribution	Distribution, ecology, and phenology: — Triolena rojasae is known only from the eastern portion of the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park where it has been found growing on rocks along rivers and creeks at 300 – 500 m (Figure 11). It has been collected with flowers and fruits from February to July. Conservation Status: — Triolena rojasae is known from three localities along the Iscozacín River and has an EOO of 1.78 km 2 and an AOO of 16 km 2. Two of these localities are less than 1 km apart and may be considered the same population. Given the small number of populations, the restricted habitat in shaded and moist areas, we recommend that this species is considered as Endangered (B 1 ab).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE7C871FF5DF890AC0AF833.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — It is an honor to dedicate name of this species after Rocio Rojas, Peruvian botanist who has collected throughout the forests of Peru for the past 20 years, and has made great contributions to the knowledge of the flora of the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park.	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFE7C871FF5DF890AC0AF833.taxon	discussion	Comments: — Triolena rojasae most closely resembles T. obliqua, a species found from Colombia to the Amazonas region in Northern Peru. Both species share the crenate leaves, and the flattened paleaceous trichomes on the nodes (which are larger in T. rojasae). However, the stem trichomes are larger in T. obliqua (0.6 – 1.2 vs. 1.8 – 2.8). Most notably, T. obliqua seems to be consistently anisophyllous (vs. anisophyllous to sub-isophyllous), with the smaller leaf in each pair suborbicular (vs. lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate). Flowers dissected from two different collections of Triolena rojasae show an unusual feature that while the appendages of the antesepalous stamens are always present and of similar size, the appendages of the antepetalous stamens vary in size and may not be present, with some anthers having just one of the appendages fully developed (Figure 9 F).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFFBC875FF5DF943AE1DF7FE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from Triolena pustulata Triana (1871: 81) due to the shorter trichomes in the adaxial surface (0.5 – 1 mm vs. 1.5 – 3 mm long in T. pustulata) and stamens with two ventral appendages (vs. three in T. pustulata)	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFFBC875FF5DF943AE1DF7FE.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Dist. Pozuzo, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, sendero Pan de Azúcar, ca. 4 km al sur del puesto de control Huampal, 1145 m, 10 ° 11 ’ 48.8 ” S, 75 ° 35 ’ 15.2 ” W, 18 March 2016, F. A. Michelangeli et al. 2705 (Holotype: USM!; Isotype: NY!). Rhizomatose herbs 20 – 40 cm tall. Stems terete, densely covered with 0.3 – 2.5 mm long, unbranched, appressed trichomes, the larger ones slightly flattened. Leaves opposite, strongly anisophyllous to subisophyllous, when anisophyllous the big leaf in each pair with petioles 10 – 34 mm long, blade 8 – 15 × 2 – 5.5 cm, the small leaf in each pair with petioles 1 – 3 mm long, blade 4 – 6.7 × 1.6 – 2.4 cm, when subisophyllous similar to either the big or the small ones described above; leaves always lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, the apex long acuminate, base acute to narrowly rounded or even narrowly cordulate, often asymmetric, margins denticulate-ciliolate to serrulate-ciliolate, acrodomous nerves 5 to 7, sometimes with an additional, thin, submarginal pair, suprabasal (the inner pair of secondaries joining the midvein 3 – 16 mm above the base), midvein, secondaries, tertiary veins and reticulation impressed on the adaxial surface and prominent on the abaxial surface; adaxial surface deep green, with a lighter-green to whitish stripe along the midvein, bullate and with sparse to moderate (mostly right on the bullae), 0.5 – 1 mm long, unbranched, appressed trichomes, plus similar, but denser and larger, 1 – 5 mm long trichomes on the nerves; abaxial surface purple with a greenish stripe along the midvein, foveolate, moderately covered with trichomes similar to those on the branches, mostly on the nerves and reticulation (and absent inside the foveolae). Uniparous cymes 5 – 8 cm long, 7 – 10 - flowered, apical, turning lateral due to development of axillary branches, the axis reddish, covered with the same indument as the branches; bracteoles lacking. Flowers on short pedicels ca. 1 mm long, 5 - merous. Hypanthium 2.3 – 2.9 × 2.7 – 3.1 mm, campanulate, green but densely covered with reddish trichomes, similar to the ones on young stems and inflorescences, inside glabrous, torus glabrous. Calyx tube 0.4 – 0.6 mm long, greenish, covered with the same reddish trichomes as the hypanthium; sepals internal laminae 0.9 – 1.1 mm long, widely triangular, the apex broadly acute, margins entire; sepals external projections 1.8 – 2.3 mm long (setula included), longer than the laminae, triangular, the apex acute and tipped with a setula 1.3 – 1.6 mm long. Petals 5.9 – 6.2 × 2.7 – 2.9 mm, obovate to oblanceolate, apex acute to obtuse or broadly acuminate, margin crenulate-serrulate (but entire near the apex), glabrous, white and pink tipped. Stamens dimorphic, yellow; antesepalous with filaments 3 – 3.2 mm long, glabrous, anthers 1.1 – 1.3 mm long, oblong, the pore ca. 0.2 mm diam., apical, connective barely prolonged below the thecae, ventraly projected into two very long appendages, 2.3 – 2.6 mm long, erect (but slightly bending backwards), filiform, apex rounded, glabrous; antepetalous with filaments 2.4 – 2.6 mm long, glabrous, anthers 1 – 1.1 mm long, widely oblong, the pore ca. 0.2 mm diam., apical, connective barely prolonged below the thecae, ventraly projected into two short appendages, 0.4 – 0.6 mm long, erect, narrowly triangular, acute, glabrous. Ovary 3 - locular, ½ – completely inferior, the apex with a collar around the base of the style 0.7 – 1 mm tall, glabrous; style 4.4 – 5.3 mm long, straight but slightly curved at the apex, glabrous, stigma rouded and long-papillose. Fruits capsular, triquetrous, 5 – 6 × 5.7 – 6.7 mm. Paraypes: — PERU. Pasco: Province of Oxapampa, Distrito Pozuzo, Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, Sector Huampal, Pan de Azúcar, 1000 – 1100 m, 10 ° 11 ’ 05 ” S, 75 ° 34 ’ 51 ” W, 22 July 2006 (fl, fr), L. Cardenas & V. Flores 600 (HOXA!, MO!, USM!); cerca de la quebrada Pan de Azúcar, 1100 m, 10 ° 11 ’ 05 ” S 75 ° 34 ’ 51 ” W, 8 August 2007 (fl, fr), L. Hernani & A. Peña 217 (AMAZ, HOXA!, HUSA, HUT, MO, USM!); carretera Huancabamba-Pozuzo, 12 – 13 km al N de Tunquí, 10.1961 ° S 75.5877 ° W, 1175 m, 23 July 2017 (fl, fr), F. A. Michelangeli et al. 2916 (HOXA!, NY!, USM!); carretera Huancabamba-Pozuzo, sendero Pan de Azúcar, 1175 m, 10.1878 ° S 75.5877 ° W, 16 February 2018 (fl, fr), F. A. Michelangeli et al. 2928 (HOXA!, NY!, USM!); Puesto de Control Huampal, 1100 m, 10 ° 11 ’ S 75 ° 34 ’ W, 12 August 2003 (fl, fr), R. Rojas 1234 (HOXA!, HUT, MO, MOL, USM); camino a Pozuzo, remanentes de bosque, 1200 – 1480 m, 10 ° 04 ’ 02 ” S 75 ° 32 ’ 59 ” W, 2 June 2004 (fl, fr), R. Rojas et al. 2508 (HOXA!, MO, NY!); Estación Biológica Huampal, trocha Pan de Azúcar, parte baja, 1056 m, 10 ° 11 ’ 42 ” S 75 ° 35 ’ 17 ” W, 26 April 2012 (fl, fr), R. Rojas et al. 7971 (HOXA!, HUT, MO, MOL, NY!, USM). Distrito Palcazú, atras camino al convento, 375 – 635 m, 10 ° 09 ’ 30 ” S 75 ° 19 ’ 34 ” W, 9 September 2008 (fl, fr), L. Valenzuela et al. 11984 (HOXA!, HUT, MO!, MOL, NY!, USM!); trocha Robin Foster, Pan de Azúcar, 18 August 2009 (fl, fr), 1189 m, L. Valenzuela & J. L. Mateo 13331 (HOXA!, HUT, MO, NY!, USM); puesto Huampal, bosque remanente en borde de carretera, 1148 m, 10 ° 10 ’ 59 ” S, 75 ° 34 ’ 26 ” W, 10 August 2007 (fl, fr), R. Vásquez et al. 32650 (AMAZ, HOXA!, HUT, MO!, MOL, NY!, USM). Palcazú valley, Rio San José in the Rio Chuchurras drainage, 600 m, 12 May 1983 (fl, fr), D. N. Smith 3981 (MO!, USM!).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFFBC875FF5DF943AE1DF7FE.taxon	distribution	Distribution, ecology, and phenology: — Triolena vasquezii grows along cliffs and rocks in shaded and moist areas in river canyons at 375 – 1200 m elev. (Figure 11). It has been found flowering and fruiting throughout the year. Conservation Status: — Triolena vasquezii is known from three areas, two along the Huancabamba River and one in the Chuchurras River drainage. It has an EOO of 197.12 km 2 and an AOO of 16 km 2. Given the specific habitats where it grows, the number of populations known, and the fact that two of these localities are outside of the National Park in areas under a severe logging pressure, we recommend that this species is considered as Endangered (IUCN 2001; IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2017).	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFFBC875FF5DF943AE1DF7FE.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — It is an honor to dedicate this species to Rodolfo Vasquez, who has for over 30 years made an incredible contribution to the knowledge of the flora of Peru through his collections and education, and who has spearheaded the study of the plants of the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park.	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
03D7F370FFFBC875FF5DF943AE1DF7FE.taxon	discussion	Comments: — Triolena vasquezii mostly resembles T. pustulata Triana (1871: 81), a species found in Ecuador and northern Peru, due to the leaves with bullate adaxial surfaces. However, the leaves of T. vasquezii have shorter trichomes on the adaxial surface (see diagnosis above) and the leaves tend to be proportionally narrower (2.7 – 3.3 times longer than wide in T. vasquezii vs. 1.8 – 2.5 times longer than wide in T. pustulata). In most specimens, the bullae in T. vasquezii are smaller and denser than in T. pustulata. Lastly, the flowers are very similar in appearance and size, but notably, T. vasquezii antesepalous anthers have two ventral appendages, while T. pustulata has three. This would mean that these two species, in spite of their similarities, would have been placed in different genera under the old generic limits, with the species described here placed in Diolena.	en	Michelangeli, Fabián A., Goldenberg, Renato (2018): New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. Phytotaxa 374 (3): 185-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.374.3.1
