identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D70D005421FFD44219FEC7FF2073F1.text	03D70D005421FFD44219FEC7FF2073F1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhododendron citrinum (Hassk.) Hassk., Cat. Hort. Bot. Bog. Alt.	<div><p>1. Rhododendron citrinum (Hassk.) Hassk., Cat. Hort. Bot. Bog. Alt., 161 (1844). – Azalea citrina Hassk., Flora 25(2, Beibl. 1): 30 (1842). – Type: Indonesia, Java, Mt Gede, Tjibeureum, 31 xii 1924, Docters van Leeuwen 8245 (neotype BO [157586] designated by Sleumer [1960]).</p><p>Rhododendron zippelii Blume, Fl. Javae, Pl. Ined.: t. 4 (1863–1883). – Type: Indonesia, Java, Megamendung, Zippel s.n. (holotype L).</p><p>var. citrinum</p><p>Shrub. Twigs 1–2 mm in diameter, rounded, covered by brown scales; internodes</p><p>50–80 mm. Leaves 5–8 in tight pseudowhorls, 17–48 × 6–18 mm, broadly elliptic, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, apex obtuse, broadly acute, margin narrowly revolute, base broadly tapering, densely scaly, quickly glabrescent above, persistently scaly beneath. Scales flat, small, subdendroid and scattered. Petiole 4–10 mm long, grooved, densely scaly. Flowers</p><p>2- to 5-clustered, half hanging. Pedicels 14–21 mm long, scaly. Corolla 10–12 mm long,</p><p>7–8 mm in diameter, campanulate, pale yellow to yellowish white, outer surface densely scaly, inner surface glabrous, stamens glabrous, c.3 × 1 mm, oblong, ovary 3 × 2 mm, laxly scaly, style glabrous. Fruit 10–20 × 3–4 mm, cylindrical.</p><p>Distribution. Java and Bali. In Bali only known from Mount Abang.</p><p>Habitat and ecology. Epiphyte in montane forests 1600–1800 m a.s.l.</p><p>Proposed IUCN conservation category (Bali). Globally assessed as Least Concern (LC) (Argent, 2015). In Bali, it is known only from a single specimen in BO from Mount Abang, collected by van Steenis (8033) in 1936. This mountain is a popular area for climbers and as a place of worship for Balinese Hindus. The area is in danger of being damaged by the planned construction of a cable (Suyasa, 2022). Its small population size and plausible future threats from development activities suggest a provisional assessment of Vulnerable (VU) D2 (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2022).</p><p>Notes. Misapplied name: Rhododendron jasminiflorum (auct. non Hook.) Koord., Junghuhn Gedenkb. 184 (1910); Hallier f., Med. Rijksherb. 1: 35 (1910).</p><p>Additional specimen examined. INDONESIA. Bali: Mt Abang, 1600–1800 m, 9 iv 1936, C. G. G. J. van Steenis 8033 (BO) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D70D005421FFD44219FEC7FF2073F1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael;Warseno, Tri;Kuswantoro, Farid;Arifiani, Deby	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael, Warseno, Tri, Kuswantoro, Farid, Arifiani, Deby (2024): NOTES ON RHODODENDRON (ERICACEAE) FROM BALI, INDONESIA, AND A NEW SUBSPECIES OF RHODODENDRON JAVANICUM. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 81 (1962): 1-11, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2024.1962, URL: https://doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2024.1962
03D70D005421FFD54219F9A2FE3A72E6.text	03D70D005421FFD54219F9A2FE3A72E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhododendron javanicum (Blume) Benn., Pl. Jav. Rar.	<div><p>2. Rhododendron jaVanicum (Blume) Benn., Pl. Jav. Rar. [Bennett] 85 (1838), excl. t. 19,</p><p>which is R. var. teysmanii fide Sleumer (1966). Vireya javanica Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 854 (1826). – Type: Mt Salak, 800–2215 m, Blume s.n. [leg. Zippel?] (holotype</p><p>L, U).</p><p>Azalea javanica (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 386 (1891). – Type: Indonesia, Java, Sindanglaja. Leg. Ign. s.n. (BO).</p><p>subsp. javanicum</p><p>Shrub or tree, growing up to 5 m. Twigs 3–6 mm in diameter, scaly when young; internodes 20–160 mm. Leaves 3- to 7-clustered in tight pseudowhorls but sometimes with odd leaves along stems, 30–120 × 14–44 mm, narrowly elliptic or elliptic-ovate, apex shortly acuminate or acute, margin entire, flat, base tapering; scaly beneath leaves. Scales flat, small, dendroid and scattered. Petiole 5–11 × 2–4 mm, brown or red, scaly. Flowers 4–12 in each open umbel, semipendent. Pedicels 15–24 mm, scaly. Corolla 30–50 mm long, 70–80 mm in diameter, funnel-shaped, orange with red or rarely yellow, glabrous but occasionally scaly outside and hairy inside. Stamens hairy, anthers 2.5–4 × c. 1.3 mm, oblong. Ovary 7–9 ×</p><p>c. 3 mm, scales sparse or absent, style glabrous, 20–30 mm long. Fruit 30–60 × 9 mm, fusiform.</p><p>Distribution. Sumatra, Natuna Islands, Lingga Archipelago, Java and Bali (Mount Batukaru).</p><p>Habitat and ecology. Terrestrial in montane forests, c. 1360 m a.s.l.</p><p>Proposed IUCN conservation category (Bali). Globally assessed as Least Concern (LC) by Argent (2015). In Bali, it is known only from Mount Batukaru, an area proposed as a nature reserve by the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Putri, 2012; KSDA Bali, 2019). In addition, the mountain is a popular area for climbers and as a place of worship for Balinese Hindus. The restricted, potentially small population, and plausible future threats from human activities, suggest a provisional assessment of Vulnerable (VU) D2 (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2022).</p><p>Additional specimens examined. INDONESIA. Bali: Mt Batoe Karoe [Mt Batukaru], 1360 m, 11 x 1918, R. Maier &amp; Sarip 396 (BO) ; Bali, Bedugul forest region, Mt Batukaru complex, 23 vi 1958, Kostermans, Kuswata, Soegeng, Soepadmo 84 (BO) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D70D005421FFD54219F9A2FE3A72E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael;Warseno, Tri;Kuswantoro, Farid;Arifiani, Deby	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael, Warseno, Tri, Kuswantoro, Farid, Arifiani, Deby (2024): NOTES ON RHODODENDRON (ERICACEAE) FROM BALI, INDONESIA, AND A NEW SUBSPECIES OF RHODODENDRON JAVANICUM. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 81 (1962): 1-11, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2024.1962, URL: https://doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2024.1962
03D70D005424FFDE4219FB1AFD3775DF.text	03D70D005424FFDE4219FB1AFD3775DF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhododendron zollingeri J. J. Sm., Icon. Bogor.	<div><p>4. Rhododendron Zollingeri J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. 4: 73, t. 322 (1910). – Type: Indonesia,</p><p>Java, Besuki, Hijang [Jang] plateau, Argopuro, Zollinger 1684 (lectotype BO [158405]; isolectotypes BM [BM000996775], FI, L (fragment), P) .</p><p>Rhododendron zollingeri J.J.Sm. var. latifolium J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. III, 4: 240 (1922). – Type: Indonesia, Celebes, Enrekang, Mt Sinadji, Rachmat (Exp. van Vuuren) 883 (holotype BO).</p><p>Shrub or tree to 4 m. Twigs slender, rounded and covered with scales when young; internodes 1.5–3 cm. Leaves 4–7, clustered in tight pseudowhorls but sometimes with odd leaves in other parts, 25–50 × 6–16 mm, elliptic, sometimes obovate, apex acuminate or acute, sometimes obtuse, margin flat and entire, base tapering, scales on lower leaf surface deeply lobed, densely arranged. Petiole 3–10 × 1–2 mm, scaly. Flowers 3–8, open umbel, horizontal to half hanging. Pedicels 15–23 mm, scaly. Corolla 14–15 × 9 mm,</p><p>tubular, red or orange, scaly outside. Stamens glabrous; anthers c.1 × 1 mm, obovate. Ovary 30–40 × 20–25 mm, brown-scaly; style 4 mm, glabrous. Fruit 10–15 × 5 mm, fusiform or subcylindrical; style persistent.</p><p>Distribution. Java and Lesser Sunda Islands (Bali and Lombok), Sulawesi and Philippines. In Bali, known from both Mount Agung and Mount Batukaru.</p><p>Habitat and ecology. Montane forest, 1360–3150 m a.s.l.</p><p>Proposed IUCN conservation category (Bali). Globally assessed as Least Concern (LC)</p><p>by Argent (2015). In Bali known from both Mount Batukaru and Mount Agung (area of occupancy c. 12 km 2). Rhododendron zollingeri is under natural threat from the active volcano Mount Agung, which exploded a few years ago. It is known from only two locations, which suggests that Rhododendron zollingeri in Bali has a small population size. Therefore, a provisional assessment of Vulnerable (VU) D2 is suggested (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2022).</p><p>Notes. Misapplied names: Rhododendron tubiflorum auct.non (Blume) DC.: Moritzi, Syst. Verz. 42 (1846). Rhododendron album auct.non Blume: Zollinger, Syst. Verz. 2: 137 (1854).</p><p>Additional specimens examined. INDONESIA. Bali: S. shore and summit of Mt Agoeng [Mt Agung], 7</p><p>iv 1936, C. G. G. J. van Steenis 7921 (BO, L); Mt Agoeng [Mt Agung], 2000–3150 m, 4 vii 1933, Voogd de 1941 (BO, L) ; Mt Batoe karoe [Mt Batukaru], 1360 m, 11 x 1918, R. Maier &amp; Sarip 397 (BO, L) ; Mt Batukaru, North of Tabanan, 1900 m, Nengah Irawan 499 (BO) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D70D005424FFDE4219FB1AFD3775DF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael;Warseno, Tri;Kuswantoro, Farid;Arifiani, Deby	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael, Warseno, Tri, Kuswantoro, Farid, Arifiani, Deby (2024): NOTES ON RHODODENDRON (ERICACEAE) FROM BALI, INDONESIA, AND A NEW SUBSPECIES OF RHODODENDRON JAVANICUM. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 81 (1962): 1-11, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2024.1962, URL: https://doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2024.1962
03D70D00542BFFDE433DFBB6FB4B729B.text	03D70D00542BFFDE433DFBB6FB4B729B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhododendron	<div><p>Key to the native Rhododendron taxa of Bali</p><p>1a. Scales on lower leaf surface with a small centre, occasionally subdendroid or dendroid, scattered _________________________________________________________________________ 2</p><p>1b. Scales on lower leaf surface deeply lobed, densely arranged ____________ 4. R. zollingeri</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D70D00542BFFDE433DFBB6FB4B729B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael;Warseno, Tri;Kuswantoro, Farid;Arifiani, Deby	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael, Warseno, Tri, Kuswantoro, Farid, Arifiani, Deby (2024): NOTES ON RHODODENDRON (ERICACEAE) FROM BALI, INDONESIA, AND A NEW SUBSPECIES OF RHODODENDRON JAVANICUM. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 81 (1962): 1-11, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2024.1962, URL: https://doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2024.1962
03D70D00542BFFDF4219F99CFC2E774F.text	03D70D00542BFFDF4219F99CFC2E774F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhododendron retusum (Blume) Benn.	<div><p>1. Rhododendron retusum (Blume) Benn.</p><p>This species was reported by Girmansyah et al. (2013) in an annotated checklist of Bali. However, no specimens have been found to corroborate its inclusion here. Moreover, the Vireya</p><p>Rhododendron revision by Sleumer (1966) and Argent (2015) mentioned that the distribution of R. retusum is restricted to Sumatra and Java, and does not extend to Bali Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D70D00542BFFDF4219F99CFC2E774F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael;Warseno, Tri;Kuswantoro, Farid;Arifiani, Deby	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael, Warseno, Tri, Kuswantoro, Farid, Arifiani, Deby (2024): NOTES ON RHODODENDRON (ERICACEAE) FROM BALI, INDONESIA, AND A NEW SUBSPECIES OF RHODODENDRON JAVANICUM. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 81 (1962): 1-11, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2024.1962, URL: https://doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2024.1962
03D70D00542AFFDF4219FED2FEBC745B.text	03D70D00542AFFDF4219FED2FEBC745B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhododendron renschianum Sleumer	<div><p>2. Rhododendron renschianum Sleumer</p><p>A specimen in BO from Bali (Nengah Irawan 499) was identified as Rhododendron renschianum . Argent (2015) noted there were “unconfirmed reports of this species from Bali ”, but it is not clear if he had seen this specimen. Our research has identified this sterile specimen as Rhododendron zollingeri based on leaf and scale shape and the fact that no report of R. renschianum has been made in the past 10 years from flora explorations conducted across Bali.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D70D00542AFFDF4219FED2FEBC745B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael;Warseno, Tri;Kuswantoro, Farid;Arifiani, Deby	Mambrasar, Yasper Michael, Warseno, Tri, Kuswantoro, Farid, Arifiani, Deby (2024): NOTES ON RHODODENDRON (ERICACEAE) FROM BALI, INDONESIA, AND A NEW SUBSPECIES OF RHODODENDRON JAVANICUM. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 81 (1962): 1-11, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2024.1962, URL: https://doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2024.1962
