taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D587B7FF8CFF91F3AFFA1CC1DDF80C.taxon	materials_examined	Extra-survey material: Atylias nahr, 9. II. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., E. V. Kanyukova det. 2006, 1 ♀ (NMPC); Jabel Aruba, 1900 m a. s. l., 18 – 20. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., E. V. Kanyukova det. 2006, 1 ♀ (NMPC) Extralimital material examined. TURKEY: “ Türkey, Iskenderum [sic] | (Top Bogazi), 17. 5. | 1960, leg. Eckerlein ”, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., F. Cianferoni revid., NMC [positioned under Hebrus pusillus (Fallén) in the collection R. E. Linnavuori]. General distribution. This is a Turano-Mediterranean species (see Kment et al. 2016).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF8CFF91F3AFFA1CC1DDF80C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The two Lebanese records in Kment & Kanyukova (2010) are based on two single female specimens, thus a confirmation through males would be useful. However, the records from Lebanon are recent and reliable, since also recent records from Israel (Nieser 1995) and Jordan (Kment & Kanyukova 2010) based on male specimens exist and we added here a further record from İskenderun (Turkey).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF8CFF91F3AFFE1EC704FB49.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Mesovelia furcata Muls. & Rey, F. Cianferoni revid., 3 ♀♀ apt., MRSN. General distribution. This is a widespread species occurring in the Palaeotropical realm and subtropics; it is widely distributed in Africa, southern Europe, Oriental and Australasian Regions, including islands in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans (see Berchi et al. 2016, Kment & Carapezza 2022).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF8CFF91F3AFFE1EC704FB49.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This record was a misidentification of M. vittigera Horváth, 1895, at the time of Giglio-Tos not described yet. The same record was subsequently treated as M. vittigera by Horváth (1915) but probably without checking the original material. Here, we can confirm the only known record of M. vittigera for Lebanon, after the direct examination of Festa’s material. The presence of M. furcata in Syria and Israel was reported as doubtful by Andersen (1995 b), quoted by Damgaard et al. 2012) and Berchi et al. (2016) as in need of confirmation, and repeated (without reference citation) by Damgaard et al. (2023 b). The origin of the record from Syria is probably to be traced back to Puton (1879, 1886) who listed M. furcata for Syria, when M. vittigera had not yet been described (see Horváth 1929 b). The source of the record for Israel is less clear, but it is likely that the record originates from territories in Ottoman Syria (F. Cianferoni, pers. obs.). However, all these records very likely misidentifications of M. vittigera, already known for Israel (see Kment & Carapezza 2022 for a summary of references) and possibly for the present-day Syria (Puton, 1879, 1886). Therefore, M. furcata can be excluded from the faunas of Lebanon, Syria, and Israel pending future research.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF8DFF97F3AFFADAC149FE44.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Abou Aali: El Kadi, 15. VI. 1996, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB; Qadicha, at power plant, 23. VI. 1996, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB. Basin of Aouali: Nabaa Aazibi, 23. IV. 1979, 2 ♀♀ brach., MLUB; idem, 18. VIII. 1979, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB; idem, 22. IX. 1979, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB; Nabaa Abou Kharma, 3. VI. 1979, 2 ♀♀ brach., MLUB; Nabaa Joun (Es Saraouniyé), 16. VI. 1979, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB; idem, 30. VII. 1979, 2 ♀♀ brach., MLUB; idem, 20. VIII. 1979, 1 ♂ brach., MLUB; Nahr Aaray, 27. VII. 1979, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB. Basin of Damour: Ouadi el Ghaboun, 30. V. 1981, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB. Basin of El Bared: aval El Bared Reservoir, 21. VI. 1997, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB. Basin of El Beirut: Beirut below spring Daiychouniyé, 26. VII. 2004, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB; idem, 1. VII. 2006, 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ brach., 1 V instar nymph, MLUB. Basin of El Kebir: El Kebir at El Aabboûdîyé, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB; Nahr Chadra, 16. IV. 2005, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB. Basin of Hasbani: Wazzani, 31. X. 2004, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB. Basin of Ibrahim: Ibrahim at Janné, 3. XI. 2002, 2 ♀♀ brach., MLUB; idem, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ brach., 1 V instar nymph, CFC; idem, 25. V. 2004, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB. Basin of Litani: at bridge Ouadi Zraikoun, 1 V instar nymph (♀), MLUB; Haouch-Bay, 3. V. 2000, 1 V instar nymph (brach.), MLUB; Nabaa el Hjaïr, 2. VI. 2005, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB. Basin of Oustouane: El Abiad, 19. VII. 1998, 1 ♂ brach., MLUB. Basin of Zahrani: Zahrani at bridge Ouadi el Akhdar, 25. V. 2004, 3 ♀♀ brach., MLUB; Zahrani at Kfaroue, 8. V. 2004, 1 ♂, MLUB. Extra-survey material: Bekfaya, 850 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 9. VIII. 1953, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 1 ♀ (NMPC); Hammana st. [ream], 1100 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 28. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 1 ♂, 7 ♀♀ brach. (NMPC). General distribution. This is a Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean species (Cianferoni et al. 2013), also reaching northern Europe (see Andersen 1995 b, Kanyukova 2006).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF8AFF96F3AFFC14C654FCE8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Abou Aali: El Kadi, 15. VI. 1996, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB; Nbat, 18. V. 1996, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB; Qadicha, at power plant, 23. VI. 1996, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of Aouali: Nabaa Aazibi, 23. IV. 1979, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB; Nabaa Salman, 22. XII. 1979, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB. Basin of El Bared: Sir El Danniyeh, 1. XI. 1996, 2 ♀♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of Hasbani: Hasbani at El Meri, 6. V. 2003, 1 ♂ macr., 2 ≤ V instar nymphs (♀♀), 2 ≤ IV instar nymphs, MLUB; Basin of Ibrahim: Aval Rouais, 25. V. 2004, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB. Basin of Litani: Chamsine, 17. X. 1991, 1 ♂ macr., MLUB; Kab-Elias, 10. X. 1991, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., 1 ♀ apt., MLUB; Khraizat, 4. V. 2003, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB. Basin of Orontes: Aayoun Orghouche, 13. VI. 1996, 2 ♀♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of Oustouane: Hamade, 23. V. 1998, 1 ♂ macr., MLUB. Basin of Zahrani: El Tassé, 8. V. 2004, 5 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ macr., 1 ≤ IV instar nymph (apt.), MLUB; idem, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ macr., CFC; 15. VI. 2008, 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB; idem, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., CFC; Zahrani at bridge Ouadi el Akhdar, 25. V. 2004, 2 ♀♀ macr., MLUB; Zahrani at Kfaroue, 8. V. 2004, 1 ♂ macr., MLUB. Extra-survey material: Ainata (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 1. VII. 1953, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 1 ♂ macr. (NMPC); Ain Zahlba cedars, 1700 - 1800 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 15 – 16. VII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 1 ♀ macr. (NMPC); Antilien stream (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 9. II. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 1 ♂ macr. (NMPC); Kammouha (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 18 – 20. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ macr. (NMPC); Nahr Ad Damur (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 21. XI. 1953, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 2 ♀♀ macr. (NMPC); Wadi Jahhnam, N. W. Tri - prov. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 30 – 31. VII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ macr. (NMPC). Akkar Governatorate, Akkar District, Jabal Qammoua, 1800 m a. s. l., 22. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 22. V. 2010 | caza Akkar 1.800 m | Jabal Qammoua | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 12 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀ macr., ACPI. North Governorate, Zgharta District, Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve, 1900 – 2100 m a. s. l., Qrani Ain Yahmoura, 12. VI. 1999, G. Sama leg., “ Liban - Zgharta | Ehden Nat. Res. 1900 / 2100 | Qrani Ain Yahmoura | G. Sama leg. 12. VI. 99 ”, 5 ♀♀ macr., ACPI; North Governorate, Zgharta District, Ehden mountains, 2000 – 2200 m a. s. l., 12. VI. 1999, P. Rapuzzi leg, “ Lebanon bor. Zghorta | upper Ehden 12. VI. 1999 | m 2.000 - 2.200 | leg. P. Rapuzzi ”, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., ACPI; North Governorate, spring of Nabaa Râs en Nahr, 2200 m a. s. l., A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 21. V. 2010 | Nabaa Râs en Nahr | 2.200 m | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., ACPI; North Governorate, Miniyeh-Danniyeh District, Nabaa Rass en Nahr, 2200 m a. s. l., 21. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 21. V. 2010 | caza Miniyeh-Danniyeh, | Nabaa Rass en Nahr | 2.200 m leg. A. Carapezza ”, 2 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀ macr., ACPI. Mount Lebanon Governorate, Chouf District, surrounding of Barouk, 1100 m a. s. l., 4 – 7. VI. 1999, G. Sama leg., “ Libano - Chouf | Barouk dint., m. 1100 | G. Sama leg. 4 / 7. VI. 99 ”, 1 ♂ macr., ACPI; Mount Lebanon Governorate, Chouf District, Wadi El Sitt, 700 m a. s. l., 16. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 16. V. 2010 | caza Chouf | wadi el-Sitt 700 m | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 1 ♂ macr., 1 ♀ apt., ACPI. General distribution. The nominotypical subspecies occur from Anatolia to the Middle East, Caucasus, Uzbekistan, and Iran (Berchi et al. 2017; see also Andersen 1995 b, Fent et al. 2011).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF8AFF96F3AFFC14C654FCE8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The record of Velia rivulorum Fabricius by Lindberg (1922: 16) (see quotations above) is to be considered as a misidentification of V. affinis, since it was not recorded as V. rivulorum var. ventralis Puton, 1881, which is one of the synonyms of V. affinis (see Andersen 1995 b). Isolated females have been attributed to V. affinis for comparison with females collected together with males. The subspecies V. affinis filippii is known from the Balkan Peninsula, north-east and south of the Italian Peninsula, and from western region (Aegean) of Anatolia (Berchi et al. 2017).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF8BFF95F3AFFAD1C021FE44.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Litani: Yelouch, 28. XI. 2019, 32 ♂♂, 47 ♀♀ apt., 6 V instar nymphs (3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀) apt., MLUB; idem, 10 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀ apt., 6 V instar nymphs (3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀) apt., CFC.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF8BFF95F3AFFAD1C021FE44.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This taxon is known for subtropical Africa (range to be confirmed and defined) and it has been so far confirmed for Israel, Cyprus, and Rhodes Island in Greece (see Fent et al. 2011, Csabai et al. 2017).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF8BFF95F3AFFAD1C021FE44.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Many former records of R. nigricans nigricans (Burmeister, 1835) are doubtful and their revision is necessary. Several misidentifications with the R. infernalis africana Lundblad, 1936 occurred (see e. g., Fent et al. 2011, Csabai et al. 2017). The two species are very similar externally and the shape of the lateral sclerite of the endosoma is the only reliable characteristic for separating males (Csabai et al. 2017). Is it possible that also the record for Lebanon by Nieser & Moubayed (1986) refers to R. infernalis africana (confirmed also by N. Nieser, pers. comm., 28 June 2019). Further four specimens collected by the second author in the 29. I. 1989 at Yelouch (Basin of Litani), identified by Alain Thiéry (University of Avignon, France) as R. nigricans nigricans, also would require to be checked. Unfortunately, it was not possible to locate and re-examine these specimens. However, a misidentification with R. infernalis africana is very likely since this long series of Lebanese Rhagovelia recently collected in the same site (see material examined) allowed to confirm the occurrence of R. infernalis africana in the country. Also the remaining records R. n. nigricans for eastern countries quoted by Csabai et al. (2017) need to be checked. Therefeore, the presence of R. n. nigricans is preemptively exluded from Lebanon pending further research. The nominotypical subspecies is known for Comoros and Rodrigues Island (Mauritius), whilst the subspecies R. i. socotrensis Brown, 1956 for the island of Socotra (Yemen) and R. i. andranombyi Poisson, 1952 for Madagascar (for details see Kment & Carapezza 2022).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF88FF95F3AFFD78C7C5FC05.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean species (see Cianferoni et al. 2013, Berchi & Kment 2015).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF88FF94F3AFFBE4C1C3FD8C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of El Kebir: El Kebir at Hoker ed Dahri, 14. VI. 2008, 1 ♀ macr. Fig. 3 a), MLUB.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF88FF94F3AFFBE4C1C3FD8C.taxon	distribution	General distribution. The nominotypical subspecies shows an Asiatic-European distribution, including the continental part of the Oriental Region and Taiwan (see Damgaard et al. 2014; Ye et al 2022).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF88FF94F3AFFBE4C1C3FD8C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The only specimen examined shows a distinct reddish-yellow brown pronotum (Fig. 3 a). Pale coloured specimens have led in the past to the description of new taxa from Middle East, i. e. Cylindrosterhus bergrothi Lindberg, 1922 from Jordan and Gerris paludum palmonii Wagner, 1954 from Israel, both today considered synonyms of Gerris paludum Fabricius, 1794 (currently Aquarius paludum paludum) since pale coloured specimens of the latter occur from various places (see Kanyukova 1982, Andersen 1990, Damgaard et al. 2014). The name A. paludum amamiensis (Miyamoto, 1958) is reserved to the populations of Ryukyu Islands, in Japan (Andersen 1990, 1995 b; Hiraishi 2023). The current record is a confirmation of that by Lindberg (1922).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF89FF8BF3AFFD26C1A3FEAC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Aarqa: Nahr Châne at El Aiyouna bridge, 26. III. 2000, 1 ♂, ♀ apt., MLUB; idem, 1 V (♀), 3 III instar nymphs (Figs. 3 b, c), MLUB; Nahr El Houaïch at bridge, 21. IV. 2000, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB. Basin of Aouali: Nabaa Abou Kharma, 29. IV. 1979, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB; idem, 3. VI. 1979, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB; idem, 25. X. 1979, 2 ♀♀ apt., MLUB; Nabaa Salman, 29. IV. 1979, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB. Basin of El Kebir: Below Es Safa. 30. III. 2008, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB; idem, 14. VI. 2008, 2 V instar nymphs (♀♀), MLUB; Nahr Chadra, 16. IV. 2005, 4 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀ apt., MLUB; idem, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ apt., CFC; idem, 24. X. 2009, 3 ♀♀ apt., MLUB; Nahr Chadra, 30. III. 2008, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt. (mating), MLUB; idem, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt. (mating), CFC; Nahr Chadra, 14. IV. 2008, 1 ♀ apt., 1 IV, 2 III instar nymphs, MLUB. Basin of Hasbani: Hasbani at bridge El Fardis, 31. X. 2004, 2 ♂♂ apt., MLUB; Wazzani, 14. VII. 2004, 1 ♂ apt., MLUB. Basin of Ibrahim: Ibrahim at Chouâne power plant, 25. V. 2004, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB; Ibrahim at Janné, 13. VI. 2006, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of Litani: Litani below Ain Zarka spring, 11. XI. 2005, 1 ♂ apt., MLUB. Basin of Oustouane: Oustouane at bridge El Mazraat, 21. XI. 1999, 1 ♀, 1 V instar nymph (♀), MLUB. Basin of Zahrani: El Tassé, 8. V. 2004, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., MLUB; idem, 15. VI. 2008, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., 1 ≤ V instar nymph (♂); idem, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., 1 ≤ V instar nymph (♂), CFC; Zahrani at bridge Ouadi el Akhdar, 25. V. 2004, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ apt., 2 ≤ II instar nymphs, MLUB; Zahrani at Kfaroue, 8. V. 2004, 1 ≤ IV instar nymph, MLUB. Extra-survey material: Hammana st. [ream], 1100 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 28. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ apt. (NMPC). General distribution. Recorded from the south of Balkan Peninsula (Bulgaria, Greece, Turkish Thrace), Cyprus, Anatolia, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Iran (see Nieser & Moubayed 1986, Andersen 1990, Andersen 1995 b, Fent et al. 2011, Ghahari et al. 2013, Ghahari 2013).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF89FF8BF3AFFD26C1A3FEAC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Damgaard et al. (2014) also listed Italy in the distribution of Aquarius ventralis, quoting Griffini (1896). The latter author cited a previous work by Ragusa (1887) who in turn quoted a record of “ Gerris ventralis Fieb. ” for Sicily by Steck (1887); this record is very likely a misidentification of Aquarius najas (De Geer, 1773), occurring in Sicily (see Faraci & Rizzotti Vlach 2007; Cianferoni 2021), since the latter author did not mention De Geer’s species and listed only the other congeneric species living on the island (see Faraci & Rizzotti Vlach 2007; Cianferoni 2021), i. e. A. cinereus (Puton, 1869), under the name “ Gerris cinorea [sic!] Put. ”. The same record (“ Gerris ventralis Fieb. ”) by Steck (1887) was subsequently quoted by Ragusa (1907) as “ Gerris (Hygrotrechus) ventralis Fieb. ”. Then, all the citations, which refer to the same record by Steck (1887; quoted as “ 1886 ”), were summarized by Servadei (1967) in his catalogue. That unreliable record has no longer been considered in recent catalogues and checklists (e. g., Andersen 1995 b; Faraci & Rizzotti Vlach 1995; Bacchi & Rizzotti Vlach 2007; Cianferoni 2021; Aukema 2024), however, since its inclusion in the last update of the checklists of the Gerrinae of the world by Damgaard et al. (2014), it is useful to remark that A. ventralis is not part of the Italian fauna. To our knowledge there are no published images of the immature stages of A. ventralis. Therefore we take this opportunity to include here photos of the V and III instar nymphs (Fig. 3 b, c).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF96FF8BF3AFFEC6C098FAF4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Litani: Ammiq, 6. V. 2004, 1 ♀ micr., 1 ♀ macr., CFC; Litani below Ain Zarka spring, 11. XI. 2005, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB; Basin of Oustouane: Oustouane at bridge Cheikh Zennad, 9. V. 1999, 1 V instar nymph (♂), MLUB. Extra-survey material: Beka´a (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 8. IX. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det. 1971, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ macr., 2 V instar nymphs (NMPC). General distribution. The range of this species is attributable to a Centrasiatic-Europeo-Mediterranean distribution with extension also to some countries of Northern Europe, Northern Territory of Russia and central part of Siberia (see Kanyukova 2006, Damgaard et al. 2014).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF96FF8BF3AFFEC6C098FAF4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The only published record for Lebanon came from a mountain area, i. e. “ Ammik ” [= Ammiq, also transliterated as Aammiq or Aamiq] — confirmed also on the basis of this new specimen sampled at hilly-mountain altitude. However, although in Middle East other data exist from high altitudes, for example that from “ Kermanshah ”, Iran (see Samin et al. 2011), even at more southern latitudes, the species may occur at lower altitudes, e. g. in lowland at “ Hadera ”, Israel (Linnavuori 1960). Furthermore, it was collected at hilly altitude in Iraq (Jaczewki 1964) or from lowland to high altitude in Maghreb: Morocco and Algeria (Poisson & Gauthier 1926, Gheit 1995). Therefore, it was expected that this species would be occurring at lower altitudes also in Lebanon, as proved by the record of the Oustouane River. This species was considered until recently as a Sibero-European or a Palaearctic species (e. g. Fent et al. 2011, Cianferoni & Mazza 2012, Berchi et al. 2018), but since it occurrence in Maghreb (see Poisson & Gauthier 1926, Gheit 1995, Damgaard et al. 2014) and Central Asia (see Kanyukova 2006, Damgaard et al. 2014) and its apparent absence in the Far East (see Kanyukova 2006) and Oriental Asia (existing records from this area are results of misidentification: Damgaard et al. 2014) is to be attributed to Centrasiatic-Europeo-Mediterranean extending a little more to the north (see Vigna Taglianti et al. 1999).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF96FF8AF3AFFA3EC02AFB1C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Bekfeiya ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as G. Costae (Herr. Schaf.), F. Cianferoni revid., 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ macr., 1 V, 1 III instar nymphs, MRSN. Survey material: Basin of Abou Aali: El Houkailate, 27. VI. 1997, 1 ♂ macr., 1 ≤ V, 1 ≤ IV instar nymphs, MLUB; Nbat, 24. IV. 1996, 2 ♂♂ macr., MLUB. Basin of Aouali: Nabaa Aazibi, 10. VI. 1979, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB; Nabaa el Barouk, 2. VI. 1979, 1 ♂ macr., MLUB; Nabaa Joun (Es Saraouniyé), 7. V. 1979, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of El Bared: Es Sirwane, 5. VI. 2000, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of El Kebir: Magl el Bal, 16. IV. 2005, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of Litani: Kab-Elias, 10. X. 1991, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of Orontes: Aayoun Orghouche, 13. VI. 1996, 1 ♂ macr., MLUB. El Haour at Marjhine, 21. X. 2004, 2 ♀♀ macr., 1 IV instar nymph, MLUB. Extra-survey material: Araramita, 1500 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 3. VII – 1. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det. as G. costae fieberi, P. Kment revid., 5 ♂ ♂, 10 ♀♀ macr. (NMPC); Bekfaya, 850 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 9. VIII. 1953, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det. as G. costae fieberi, 3 ♂♂ macr. (NMPC); Birket Anjan, 850 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 10. IX. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det. as G. costae fieberi, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ macr., 1 nymph (NMPC); Hadeth cedars, 1700 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 8 – 20. VII. 1953, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det. as G. costae fieberi, 1 ♂ macr. (NMPC); Hammana st. [ream], 1100 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 28. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det. as G. costae fieberi, 1 ♂ macr. (NMPC); Hammana, 1250 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 28. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det. as G. costae fieberi, 1 ♀ macr. (NMPC); 2 km S Hermel, Orontes river (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 2. VII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., P. Kment det. as G. costae fieberi, 1 ♂ macr. (NMPC); 2 km S Hermel (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 2. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det. as G. costae fieberi, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ macr. (NMPC); Kammouha (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 18 – 20. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det. as G. costae fieberi, 6 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀ macr. (NMPC). North Governatorate, Miniyeh-Danniyeh District, Nabaa Rass en Nahr, 2200 m a. s. l., 21. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 21. V. 2010 | caza Miniyeh-Danniyeh, | Nabaa Rass en Nahr | 2.200 m leg. A. Carapezza ”, 11 ♂♂, 1 ♀ macr., ACPI. Mount Lebanon Governorate, Chouf District, Wadi El Sitt, 700 m a. s. l., 16. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 16. V. 2010 | caza Chouf | wadi el-Sitt 700 m | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 2 ♂♂ macr., ACPI. General distribution. This is a Turano-European species (with extensions to the British Isles and Egypt) (see Saleh Ahmed & Gadalla 2005, Cianferoni & Mazza 2012, Damgaard et al. 2014).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF96FF8AF3AFFA3EC02AFB1C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Although specimens from Middle East were attributed to the taxon Gerris costae fieberi Stichel, 1938 (see Andersen 1995 b, Damgaard et al. 2014), the status and interpretation of the subspecies of G. costae (Herrich-Schäffer, 1850) are questionable because the diagnostic characters are ambiguous (see Cianferoni 2011, Berchi et al. 2018, Kanyukova 2023, Lebedeva & Kanyukova 2024 for further information). Therefore, the species is considered without subspecific assignment here. These Lebanese specimens were collected mainly in mountains (from about 1000 to 2100 m a. s. l.); only one site was at lowland (36 m a. s. l. = Saraouniyé) (see Fig. 4; Tab. 1). In any case the species occurs also at low eleavtions (see e. g. Berchi et al. 2018; Cianferoni 2019; unpublished records). The immature stages collected by E. Festa and positioned under G. costae in the entomological box, are here maintained by location and by comparison.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF94FF89F3AFFF3EC137FCE3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Stora ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as G. gibbifera (Schum.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♀ macr, MRSN; “ Brak ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as G. gibbifera (Schum.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♀ macr., MRSN; “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as G. gibbifera (Schum.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♂ macr., MRSN. Survey material: Basin of Orontes: El Jamiaa at Marjhine, 20. V. 2001, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (Fig. 5) macr., CFC. Extra-survey material: Akkar Governatorate, Akkar District, Jabal Qammoua, 1800 m a. s. l., 22. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 22. V. 2010 | caza Akkar 1.800 m | Jabal Qammoua | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 2 ♀♀ macr., ACPI. Mount Lebanon Governorate, Chouf District, Wadi El Sitt, 700 m a. s. l., 16. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 16. V. 2010 | caza Chouf | wadi el-Sitt 700 m | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 1 ♂ macr., 1 ♀ apt., ACPI.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF94FF89F3AFFF3EC137FCE3.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This is a Turano-Mediterranean species (Cianferoni et al. 2013; see Damagaard et al. 2014 and Berchi et al. 2018).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF94FF89F3AFFF3EC137FCE3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The old records of Gerris gibbifera [sic] Schummel, 1832 by Giglio-Tos (1894) are actually to be attributed to G. maculatus Tamanini, 1946, which was not yet described (Tamanini 1946) at that time (Damgaard et al. 2014, see Berchi et al. 2018 a). These records are the first one of G. maculatus in Lebanon.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF95FF88F3AFFF3EC748F882.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Stora ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as G. gibbifera (Schum.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♂ macr., MRSN. Survey material: Basin of El Bared: aval El Bared Reservoir, 21. VI. 1997, 1 ♂ macr., MLUB; Mare El Bared, 17. VII. 2003, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 1 ♀ macr., CFC. Basin of Orontes: Aayoun Orghouche, 13. VI. 1996, 1 ♂, ♀ macr., MLUB; El Haour at Marjhine, 21. X. 2004, 2 ♀♀ macr., 1 IV instar nymph, MLUB; El Jamiaa at Marjhine, 20. V. 2001, 2 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB; idem, 13. VIII. 2003, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB; El Jammâssia at Marjhine, 13. VIII. 2002, 1 ♂ macr., 1 IV instar nymph (♀), MLUB. Extra-survey material: 2 km S Hermel (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 2. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 1 ♀ macr. (NMPC). Akkar Governatorate, Akkar District, Jabal Qammoua, 1800 m a. s. l., 22. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 22. V. 2010 | caza Akkar 1.800 m | Jabal Qammoua | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ macr., ACPI. Mount Lebanon Governorate, Chouf District, Wadi El Sitt, 700 m a. s. l., 16. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 16. V. 2010 | caza Chouf | wadi el-Sitt 700 m | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 3 ♂♂ macr., 2 ♀♀ apt., ACPI. Extralimital material examined. ITALY: Maremma Regional Park: Grosseto, near Alberese, sulphurous water pool, 4. V. 1988, F. Terzani leg., F. Cianferoni det., 1 ♀ macr., CFT; 1 ♀ brach., CFC; Maremma Regional Park: Grosseto, Orbetello, Fonteblanda, Tombolello, Collettore Centrale (artificial channel), about 0.5 m a. s. l., 42.589307 ° N 11.152848 ° E (WGS 84), 14. V. 2014, F. Cianferoni, S. Rocchi & F. Terzani leg., F. Cianferoni det., 3 ♀♀ brach., CFC.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF95FF88F3AFFF3EC748F882.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Species widespread in the Western Palaearctic but reaching Central Asia and Kashmir to the southeast (see Damgaard et al. 2014).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF95FF88F3AFFF3EC748F882.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The female specimen collected in El Jamiaa in 2003 has shortened wings, with anterior wings just surpassing the 7 th tergite and posterior wings not surpassing the 5 th tergite. This morph, classified as “ submacropterous ” by Brinkhurst (1960), “ brachypterous ” by Poisson (1921) and Vepsäläinen (1971) or simply “ meiopterous ” by Andersen (1982) seems uncommon in this species (see e. g., Poisson 1924, Brinkhurst 1960, Vepsäläinen 1974, Tamanini 1979, Andersen 1993). In Italy, for example, short-winged specimens of G. thoracicus were recorded at only 2 out of 72 sites (4 short-winged specimens — see examined material above — on 169 examined specimens) (F. Cianferoni, unpublished data), and Tamanini (1979) reported them only from some sites in the Po Valley. Concerning the Italian specimens examined the fore wings vary from the end of 6 th and the beginning of 7 th tergite and hind wings from first half of 5 th tergite and just surpassing its end (similar to the Lebanese specimen and those described by Vepsäläinen 1974 and Andersen 1982). The species, although it is almost always found as long-winged (macropterous) specimens (mainly monomorphic species), however is to considered a dimorphic species since apterous (wingless morph), micropterous and brachypterous / submacropterous (short-winged phenotypes) — less frequent — and macropterous (long-winged) — the most common — morphs exist (see Poisson 1921, Andersen 1993); thus probably all the morphs ranging from apterous to full macropterous could occur also in this species like, for example, in G. lacustris (Linnaeus, 1758) in which there is an interminable series of intermediate forms between the wingless and the full winged morph (Tamanini 1979). It has been established that the mechanisms of wing-length determination in Gerris spp. include both environmental and genetic switches, although different species show the prevalence of one or the other (see Andersen 1982). Both the Italian and Lebanese short-winged specimens were collected in spring (May), but detailed studies are necessary to understand what basically determine (prevalence of seasonal or genetic switch mechanism) the emergence of short-winged morphs in this species (see Andersen 1982, Cianferoni & Santini 2012).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF92FF8FF3AFFD7BC39AFB65.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Stora ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Nepa cinerea Lin., F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MRSN; “ Ain | Haur ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Nepa cinerea Lin., F. Cianferoni revid., 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, MRSN. Survey material: Basin of Orontes: El Jammâssia at Marjhine, 20. V. 2001, 1 ♂, CFC. Extra-survey material: Kammouha (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 18 – 20. VIII. 1952, K. Christiansen leg., 1 ♂ (NMPC).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF92FF8FF3AFFD7BC39AFB65.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This is a Palaearctic species (Polhemus 1995 a, Cianferoni & Mazza 2012).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF92FF8FF3AFFD7BC39AFB65.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Species identification confirmed through the study of male genitalia which match those of other Mediterranean populations.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF92FF8EF3AFFA3BC3E9FE60.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Litani: Litani at Jisr (= bridge) El Khardalé, 11. XI. 2005, 1 ♂ macr., CFC.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF92FF8EF3AFFA3BC3E9FE60.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Very widespread species occurring from Africa to Oriental Region (see Jansson 1995).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF92FF8EF3AFFA3BC3E9FE60.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Already known for surrounding countries in the Middle East, e. g. Syria, Jordan, Israel (see Jansson 1995, Katbeh et al. 2000, Aukema et al. 2013). First record for Lebanon. Taxonomic note. Hutchinson (1940) described a subspecies of M. scutellaris from South Africa, naming it M. scutellaris pubescens, because of the pronotum markedly pubescent and, secondly, the anterior margin of the head “ slightly ” more inflated, in comparison with the nominotypical form. Since Hutchinson (1940) stated that the pubescence varies among populations in South Africa and that some South African individuals are similar to Central African ones, this taxon does not appear justified. The same author added that “ the subspecies may be regarded as an extreme development of the species in the southwestern part of South Africa ”, but in a sentence before he refers to the same as “ the form with a markedly pubescent pronotum ”, so it seems to be merely a populational cline. This taxon cannot be maintained in view of the modern concept of subspecies (see Mayr 1963, 1969; Patten and Unitt 2002), in fact it is neither diagnosably distinct nor completely geographically circumscribed (see Patten 2015), thus here we established the new synonymy: Micronecta (Basileonecta) scutellaris pubescens Hutchinson, 1940 syn. nov. of Sigara scutellaris Stål, 1858. Therefore, we can finally avoid the use of the nominotypical subspecies for M. scutellaris. The repository of the holotype is unknown (not specified in the original publication). Search attempts made so far have been unsuccessful. The type material does not seem to be in the collections of BMNH (Diana Isabel Rendón-Mera, pers. com., 19 June 2025), nor at YPM (Lawrence F. Gall, pers. com., 19 June 2025), TMSA (Tharina Bird, pers. com., 26 June 2025), WLSM (James du G. Harrison, pers. com., 20 June 2025), or SANC (Beth Grobbelaar, pers. com., 24 June 2025).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF93FF8EF3AFFDEEC321FCEC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of El Kebir: El Kebir at Hoker ed Dahri, 6. IV. 2008, 1 ♂ brach., CFC. General distribution. Recorded from Balkan Peninsula, Hungary, Ukraine, South European Territory of Russia, Georgia, Anatolia, Azerbaijan, Syria, Iraq, to Central Asia (see Jansson 1995, Protić 1998, Prokin et al. 2009, Fent et al. 2011).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF93FF8EF3AFFDEEC321FCEC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Already known from Syria (Jaczewski 1964; Jansson 1995; see also Brown 1953). This is the first record for Lebanon.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF93FF8DF3AFFC06C3EFFE36.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Sigara minutissima (Lin.), F. Cianferoni revid., 15 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀ macr., MRSN [only 8 specimens with locality label, the others without any original label but positioned in the same series]. Survey material: Basin of Aarqa: Aarqa above Bqerzla, 1 ♀ macr., 2 ≤ IV instar nymphs, MLUB; Aarqa at the bridge, 26. III. 2000, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB: Nahr Châne at El Aiyouna bridge, 26. III. 2000, 1 ♂ macr., CFC. Basin of El Kebir: Nahr Chadra, 30. III. 2008, 1 ♂ macr., 1 V instar nymph, CFC. Basin of Hasbani: Hasbani at bridge El Fardis, 31. X. 2004, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ macr., MLUB; idem, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., CFC; Hasbani at bridge El Fardis, 20. III. 2005, 5 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ macr., 4 V, 1 IV instar nymphs, MLUB; Hasbani, 21. X. 2004, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ macr., CFC; Hasbani at El Meri, 31. X. 2004, 1 ♂ macr., MLUB; idem, 20. III. 2005, 2 ♀♀ macr., 1 V instar nymph, MLUB; Wazzani, 30. IV. 1996, 1 ♂ macr, 2 V instar nymps, MLUB; idem, 14. VII. 2004, 8 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀ macr., 13 V, 6 IV, 1 III instar nymphs, MLUB; idem, 3 ♂♂ (Figs. 6 a, c, d), 3 ♀♀ macr., 2 V, 1 IV instar nymphs, CFC; Wazzani, 31. X. 2004, 1 ♀ macr., MLUB; idem, 20. III. 2005, 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of Litani: Nabaa el Hjaïr, 2. VI. 2005, 2 ♀♀ macr., 1 ♀ macr., MLUB; Litani at Jisr (= bridge) Qaaqiet Ej Jisr, 31. VIII. 2005, 1 ♀ macr. MLUB; idem, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ macr., CFC; Litani below Ain Zarka spring, 28. X. 2004, 1 ♂ macr. (Figs. 6 b, e), CFC. Basin of Orontes: Jabboulé, 25. V. 2000, 1 ♂ macr; idem, 24. VI. 2001, 2 ♀♀ macr., MLUB. Basin of Sayniq: Ouadi El Leimoun at bridge, 15. VI. 2008, 2 ♂ macr, MLUB.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF93FF8DF3AFFC06C3EFFE36.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This taxon was recorded from Turkey (Anatolia) and Israel (Jansson 1995, Fent et al. 2011).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF93FF8DF3AFFC06C3EFFE36.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The southwestern populations of M. wui Lundblad, 1933 are assigned to M. wui alkani Hoberlandt, 1952 due to some minor differences in the male parameres compared to the nominotypical subspecies (Wróblewki 1962). The subspecies M. w. kosswigi Hoberlandt, 1952, described from Turkey together with this taxon by Hoberlandt (1952), was synonymized with M. wui alkani by Wróblewki (1962 a). The apparent disjunction between the nominotypical subspecies (from the Northern Territory of China, Mongolia, to the Far East) and the southwestern populations (Anatolia and easternmost Mediterreanean countries), i. e. M. w. alkani (Wróblewki 1962 a, Jansson 1995), seems to justify the separation and admit its current status. In fact, other two species occurring in Asia, originally described as subspecies of M. wui, have been subsequently assigned to M. anatolica Lindberg, 1922 (see Wróblewki 1962 b, Jansson 1995). The record of Sigara minutissima by Giglio-Tos (1894) was a misidentification of M. wui alkani Hoberlandt, 1952, not yet described at that time. This species, apparently well widespread in Lebanon according to the material examined, is here recorded for the first time for the country. Female and immature specimens were attributed on the basis of wing pattern and abdominal pattern respectively. In any case, nymphs were assigned to specific level only if associated with adults. Based on this survey, macropterous individuals appear to be the main morphotype (the only one in the material examined) in this species.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF90FF8DF3AFF9ACC12FF91E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Oustouane: Oustouane at the El Koucha bridge, 25. IV. 1999, 1 V instar nymph, MLUB.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF90FF8DF3AFF9ACC12FF91E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Probably belonging to one of the previous species.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF90FF8DF3AFF8A8C7CAF81A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Oustouane: Oustouane at the El Koucha bridge, 18. VIII. 1999, 1 V instar nymph, MLUB.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF90FF8DF3AFF8A8C7CAF81A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Probably belonging to one of the previous species, but to a different morphospecies than Micronecta sp. 1.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF91FF8CF3AFFDCEC6A4FB72.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Ain | Haur ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Corisa atomaria (Illig.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MRSN. Survey material: Basin of El Bared: Es Sirwane, 5. VII. 1997, 1 ♀, MLUB. Basin of El Kebir: Es Safa, 14. VI. 2008, 1 ♀, MLUB. Basin of Litani: Nabaa el Hjaïr, 3. III. 2005, 1 ♂, CFC; Litani below Ain Zarka spring, 28. X. 2004, 1 ♂, CFC. Basin of Orontes: El Jammâssia at Marjhine, 13. VIII. 2002, 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 1 ≤ IV instar nymph, MLUB; Jabboulé, 24. VI. 2001, 1 ♀, MLUB.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF91FF8CF3AFFDCEC6A4FB72.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This species occurs in most European countries (mostly along seacoasts and in the Pannonian lowland in central Europe), Mediterranean, North Africa, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Middle East, Central Asia, and India (see Fent et al. 2011; Cianferoni 2019).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF91FF8CF3AFFDCEC6A4FB72.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Females were identified according to Höregott & Jordan (1954) and Jansson (1986).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF91FF8CF3AFFABDC00AFA6F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Orontes: El Jammâssia at Marjhine, 13. VIII. 2002, 2 ♀♀, MLUB.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF91FF8CF3AFFABDC00AFA6F.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This species occurs in most of European countries, Maghreb, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Iran, Central Asia, north-eastern China, and India (see Fent et al. 2011).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF91FF8CF3AFFABDC00AFA6F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. First record for Lebanon.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9EFF83F3AFFF3EC7C1FB2B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Ain | Haur ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Corisa carinata (Sahlb.), (the first specimen of the series has an old handwritten label “ Corisa | parallela | Fieb. ”), F. Cianferoni revid., 5 ♀♀, MRSN; “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Corisa carinata (Sahlb.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♀, MRSN. Survey material: Basin of Abou Aali: Qornet Es Saouda, 12. IX. 2005, 1 ♂, MLUB. Basin of El Bared: Es Sirwane, 2. VIII. 1998, 2 ♀♀, MLUB; Mare El Bared, 17. VII. 2003, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 1 ♀, CFC. Basin of Orontes: Aayoun Orghouche, 13. VI. 1996, 1 ♀, MLUB; El Haour at Marjhine, 20. V. 2001, 1 ♂, MLUB; El Jamiaa at Marjhine, 20. V. 2001, 2 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, CFC; idem, 19. X. 2001, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, MLUB; idem, 13. VIII. 2003, 3 ♀♀, MLUB; idem, 21. X. 2004, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; El Jammâssia at Marjhine, 20. V. 2001, 1 ♂, CFC. Extra-survey material: Mt. of Ainata, 2200 m a. s. l. (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 1. VII. 1953, K. Christiansen leg., L. Hoberlandt det., 1 ♂ (dissected) (NMPC).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9EFF83F3AFFF3EC7C1FB2B.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This species shows a Turano-European distribution (see Jansson 1995).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9EFF83F3AFFF3EC7C1FB2B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. It is a predominantly montane species (Cianferoni 2019). In Lebanon it has been collected so far in mountains (from 1375 to over 3000 m a. s. l.), with single specimen localized lowland (from “ Beirut ”) by E. Festa (Giglio-Tos 1894; Nieser & Moubayed 1986; these new records; see Fig. 7). The latter record seems apparently out of context but, although it is a single female for which a certain attribution is not possible, it actually seems to belong to this species. The only other similar species occurring in Middle East could be H. occulta (Lundbald, 1929), but the yellow lines of pronotum coalescent at the lateral corners and the body length over 9 mm (cf. Brown 1953, Jansson 1986) of the specimen from Beirut lead us to discard this possibility. As for the elevation an uncertainty remains, since it is not clear whether E. Festa (cf. Festa 1894) collected it right in Beirut city (the one from the end of the 19 th century, however almost at sea level) or in a surrounding area (in any case very probably at altitudes below mountain level). These records, published as Corisa carinata (Sahlberg) by Giglio-Tos (1894), are misidentifications with this species.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9EFF82F3AFF880C001FE61.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Oustouane: Oustouane at bridge Cheikh Zennad, 14. III. 1999, 1 ♂ (Fig. 8), CFC.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9EFF82F3AFF880C001FE61.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This species shows a typical (see Vigna Taglianti et al. 1999) Eastern Mediterranean distribution (see Jansson 1995).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9EFF82F3AFF880C001FE61.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species shows some degree of variability especially in the right paramere of male (see Kerzhner & Jaczewski 1964, Jansson 1986), as it is usual in the family but particularly within the subgenus Halicorixa Walton, 1940. In fact, the right paramere bifurcate at the tip (typical of the species belonging to this subgenus) shows a strongly three-dimensional structure and, sometimes, if observed in lateral view and two-dimensionally as in photos or drawing may appear as an artifact (compare Fig. 8 b and Fig. 8 c, d). This can happen with the claspers having a three-dimensions structure developed in various insects (F. Cianferoni, pers. obs.; see e. g. also Cianferoni & Ceccolini 2024). However, this specimen matches perfectly and fall into the variability of the species (see Kerzhner & Jaczewski 1964, Jansson 1986). This is the first record for Lebanon.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9FFF81F3AFF9B8C32AFEAD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Corisa Fabricii (Fieb.), F. Cianferoni revid., 2 ♀♀, MRSN. Survey material: Basin of El Kebir: Delbé, 8. VI. 2008, 1 ♀, MLUB; Magl el Bal, 8. VI. 2008, 1 ♀, MLUB. Basin of Litani: Yelouch, 24. XII. 1988, 1 ♂, CFC.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9FFF81F3AFF9B8C32AFEAD.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This is a West-Palaearctic taxon (Cianferoni 2019; see Jansson 1995).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9FFF81F3AFF9B8C32AFEAD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Presence in Lebanon of this taxon has been confirmed after the old records by Giglio-Tos (1894) and Horváth (1926). The subspecies S. nigrolineata mendax Heiss & Jansson, 1986 is restricted to Crete and small adjacent islands (Csabai et al. 2017).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9CFF81F3AFFEC7C1AEFD57.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Species with a restricted distribution, occurring in Anatolia, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon and Israel (see Jansson 1995, Aukema et al. 2013).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9CFF81F3AFFEC7C1AEFD57.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Jansson (1995) quoted a personal communication by E. Kanykova suggesting that in some regions of western Asia this species was misidentified with Sigara striata; the same probably occurred with the record of Corisa striata by Giglio-Tos (1894) when S. albiventris was undescribed yet.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9CFF81F3AFFC91C673FA06.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Corisa striata (Lin.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♂, MRSN; “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Corisa Fabricii (Fieb.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♂, MRSN.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9CFF81F3AFFC91C673FA06.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Species occurring in Europe and Asia towards Siberia, Central Asia and Middle East, but several eastern records need to be revised due to possible misidentifications of specimens of S. seistanensis (Distant, 1920) and S. albiventris (Horváth, 1911).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9CFF81F3AFFC91C673FA06.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The records of specimen from Beirut reported by Giglio-Tos (1894) as Corisa striata (Lin.) are here confirmed, although a priori Sigara albiventris (undescribed yet at that time) might seem more likely. However, also the records of S. striata from Anatolia reported by Fent et al. (2011) are from the seaside and other lowland areas. Therefore, this species in the Middle East seems to occur also in lowland areas and in sympatry with S. albiventris (cf. Jansson 1986 and the records from this contribution). Another smaller (6 mm ca.) and teneral specimen from Beirut also belonging to this species was instead misidentified with Corisa Fabricii (Fieb.) [= Sigara nigrolineata (Fieber, 1848)].	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9CFF81F3AFF9A2C62FF811.taxon	distribution	General distribution. The nominotypical subspecies occurs in Anatolia, Syria, Lebanon, and Israel (see Jansson 1995, Aukema et al. 2013).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9CFF81F3AFF9A2C62FF811.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The other subspecies S. samani tigranes Jansson, 1986 differs from the nominotypical one by differences in the shape of pala, length of the distal peg row of pala, and shape of left paramere and it occurs allopatrically further east: eastern Anatolia, Syria, and northwestern Iran (Jansson 1986).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9DFF80F3AFFAF9C70BFA4B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Oustouane: Oustouane at bridge Cheikh Zennad, 14. III. 1999, 1 ≤ III instar nymph, MLUB.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9DFF80F3AFFAF9C70BFA4B.taxon	discussion	Remark. Immature at early stages which are not possible to identify with the studies currently available.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9DFF80F3AFFF3EC7C4FE59.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of El Kebir: Aarida, 7. V. 2005, 1 ♂, MLUB. Basin of Litani: Nabaa el Hjaïr, 2. VI. 2005, 1 ♂, CFC; Litani at Qelia bridge, 31. VII. 2005, 1 ♀, MLUB.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9DFF80F3AFFF3EC7C4FE59.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This species is widespread in the Palaearctic, with extension to the Arabian Peninsula, Socotra, and Eastern Africa. However, its distribution in the Afrotropical Region requires revision (cf. Kment & Carapezza 2022).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9DFF87F3AFF952C3F0FE61.taxon	distribution	General distribution. It is a very widespread and variable species which distribution embraces the Palaearctic, Afrotropical, and Oriental Regions; in the western Palearctic occurs mainly in the Mediterranean area (Cianferoni & Terzani 2013; see Polhemus 1995 b and Kment et al. 2020).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9DFF87F3AFF952C3F0FE61.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Only a single old record based on material collected in 1904 by Johan Reinhold Sahlberg and published by Lindberg (1922); then it has been quoted by subsequent authors (see above). This record should be confirmed also considering the enigmatic species Ochterus strigicollis Horváth, 1913 described and known only from the adjacent Israel, which should be further investigated (see Kment et al. 2020). The subspecies Ochterus marginatus insularis Rieger, 1977 is known from the Philippines and maybe Indonesia (see Kment et al. 2020).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9AFF87F3AFFD1BC761FA71.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of El Kebir: El Kebir at El Aabboûdîyé, 1 ♀, MLUB. Extralimital material examined. JORDAN: Gharandal, Wadi Araba, 1. XI. 1999, A. Carapezza leg. “ JORDAN 1. XI. 99 | Wadi Araba | Gharandal | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, ACPI.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9AFF87F3AFFD1BC761FA71.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Distribution of this taxon should be verified also according to its status and validity (see note below). Currently it has been recorded for the Meditteranean area (Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, North Africa), Macaronesia, some spots in Sub-Saharan Africa (Senegal and Djibouti), and Middle East (Polhemus 1995 c, Aukema et al. 2013); however, several of these records need verification. Concerning the adjacent countries this subspecies has been recorded so far for Israel (Larsen & Blaustein 2005), Jordan (Katbeh et al. 2000) and Hatay province of Turkey (Dursun 2011).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9AFF87F3AFFD1BC761FA71.taxon	discussion	Remarks. As anticipated, taxonomy of the A. debilis group needs revision (possibly also with molecular analysis) since its variability and current subspecific arrangement used to indicate geographical variation (see Lansbury 1964, Polhemus 1995 c). Variabilty exist among populations from Mediterranean, Africa and Middle East (unpublished data). However, the Lebanese female matches well with specimens from Jordan (see material examined) regarding synthlipsis, width of vertex and frons; ovipositor valves (see Cianferoni 2019) match concerning size and ratios, but development of their lateral teeth is different (see discussion below for A. sardeus). Other taxa occurring in or near this area of Middle East, i. e. Anisops crinitus Brooks, 1951, A. debiIis debilis Gerstaecker, 1873, A. sardeus sardeus Herrich-Schäffer, 1849, A. varius Fieber, 1851, can be safety excluded because of the features presented above. This is the first record for Lebanon. A confirmation based on male specimens will be however useful.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9AFF86F3AFF9BBC1B2FDA8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of Litani: Nabaa el Hjaïr, 6. IX. 2005, 1 ♀, MLUB.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9AFF86F3AFF9BBC1B2FDA8.taxon	distribution	General distribution. It is a widespread species, occurring from the Afrotropical region to the Mediterranean Basin, and reaching India and Myanmar eastwards (Cianferoni & Cianfanelli 2015).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9AFF86F3AFF9BBC1B2FDA8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A female specimen was studied and identified as A. sardeus (see Nieser 1996 and Cianferoni 2019). Beyond the features included in the previous references, as suggested also by N. Nieser (pers. comm., 3 April 2019), females of A. sardeus can be separated from the other species occurring in the Mediterranean area also by the vertex slightly protruding if examined in dorsal view. However, this character must be used in comparison with the other species and identifications should be confirmed also with the aid of the other features already mentioned. Concerning the ovipositor valves used as character in Cianferoni (2019), general size and ratios seem quite constant within species, but also in this case it cannot be used absolutely for separating taxa, but only between species in which these measures do not overlap. Conversely, a large degree of variability in the development of lateral teeth (cf. Cianferoni 2019) exist within species; thus, the latter feature must be discarded for identification. A further specimen collected by the second author on 29. I. 1989 at Yelouch (Basin of Litani) was identified by Alain Thiéry (University of Avignon, France) as Anisops sp. and reported by Dia (1998) as “ Anisops (sardea?) ”. Unfortunately, after repeated attempts it was not possible to examine the specimen. The country occurrence for Lebanon listed by Ghahari et al. (2023 b) seems apparently unsupported by published records (see e. g., Brooks 1951; Nieser & Moubayed 1986; Aukema 2024). Therefore, this new record is a confirmation of the previous data. The subspecies A. sardeus madagascariensis Poisson, 1937 is known from Madagascar, and the use of the nominotypical subspecies is required for the rest of the range of A. sardeus.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9BFF86F3AFFDC2C6B6FBC9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Anisops producta (Fieb.) [sic!], F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♀, MRSN.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9BFF86F3AFFDC2C6B6FBC9.taxon	distribution	General distribution. It is a very widespread species occurring in the Afrotropical Region, North Africa and Middle East (Brooks 1951; Lansbury 1966; Polhemus 1995 c; Aukema et al. 2013; Kment & Carapezza 2022; Aukema 2024).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9BFF86F3AFFDC2C6B6FBC9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The female matches well with compared specimens from northeastern Africa belonging to this species, regarding body size, synthlipsis, width of vertex and frons. The record by Giglio-Tosa (1894) of Anisops productus Fieber, 1851 (= A. s. sardeus Herrich-Schäffer, 1849; see Polhemus 1995 c) is a misidentification of A. varius Fieber, 1851. Since its presence in the Arabian Peninsula, with records also from Israel and Syria (Puton 1881, Brooks 1951, Polhemus 1995 c), its presence in Lebanon was very likely. This is the first record for this country.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9BFF85F3AFFABBC08AFDA8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Notonecta glauca (Lin.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, MRSN; “ Bekfeiya ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Notonecta glauca (Lin.), F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♂, MRSN. Survey material: Basin of Aarqa: Er Rihané, 17. VI. 2000, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; Nahr El Houaïch at bridge, 1. VII. 2000, 2 ♂♂, MLUB. Basin of Aouali: Aouali at jisr (= bridge) Bisri, 6. V. 1979, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 16. VI. 1979, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, MLUB; Nabaa Aazibi, 10. VI. 1979, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 18. VIII. 1979, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 22. IX. 1979, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 28. X. 1979, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; Nabaa Abou Kharma, 3. VI. 1979, 1 ♂, MLUB; idem, 15. IX. 1979, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 25. X. 1979, 2 ♀♀, MLUB; Nabaa Joun (Es Saraouniyé), 16. VI. 1979, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ brach., MLUB; idem, 29. IX. 1979, 1 ♀, MLUB; Nabaa Mourched, 25. VII. 1979, 1 ♂, MLUB; Nahr Aaray, 27. VII. 1979, 2 ♂♂, MLUB. Basin of El Beirut: Beirut below spring Daiychouniyé, 23. VIII. 2007, 1 ♂, MLUB. Basin of El Kebir: Below Es Safa, 7. V. 2005, 1 ♂, MLUB; idem, 14. VI. 2008, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB. Basin of Hasbani: Hasbani, 20. III. 2005, 1 ♀, MLUB; Wazzani, 14. VII. 2004, 1 ♀, 1 V instar nymph, MLUB. Basin of Ibrahim: Ibrahim at Janné, 13. VI. 2006, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB. Basin of Litani: Nabaa el Hjaïr, 3. III. 2005, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 5 V instar nymphs, MLUB; idem, 2. VI. 2005, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 31. VII. 2005 – 6. IX. 2005, 4 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, 1 V instar nymph, MLUB; Kab-Elias, 10. X. 1991, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, CFC; Litani below Ain Zarka spring, 11. XI. 2005, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; Yelouch, 24. VI. 1988, 1 ♂, MLUB; 24. XII. 1988, 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, MLUB. Basin of Oustouane: El Abiad, 28. VIII. 1995, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB. Basin of Zahrani: Zahrani at Kfaroue, 8. V. 2004, 1 ♂, MLUB. Extra-survey material: North Governatorate, Miniyeh-Danniyeh District, Nabaa Rass en Nahr, 2200 m a. s. l., 21. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 21. V. 2010 | caza Miniyeh-Danniyeh, | Nabaa Rass en Nahr | 2.200 m leg. A. Carapezza ”, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, ACPI	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9BFF85F3AFFABBC08AFDA8.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This is a West-Palaearctic species (see Polhemus 1995 c; Cianferoni et al. 2013; Aukema et al. 2013; Aukema 2024).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF9BFF85F3AFFABBC08AFDA8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A very common species in Lebanon.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF98FF85F3AFFDC2C6FDFB6E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Ain | Haur ”, [1893]. [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Notonecta glauca Lin., F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♀, MRSN. Survey material: Basin of Hasbani: Ebel es-Saqi, 31. X. 2004, 1 ♀, MLUB; Basin of Litani: Kab-Elias, 10. X. 1991, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, MLUB; idem, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, CFC.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF98FF85F3AFFDC2C6FDFB6E.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Species with South European distribution (sensu Vigna Taglianti et al. 1999), occurring also in Maghreb (see Polhemus 1995 c; Aukema et al. 2013; Aukema 2024)	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF98FF85F3AFFDC2C6FDFB6E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The female specimen collected by Festa and identified as N. glauca (before the description of N. meridionalis) was identified for comparison mainly based on the pattern of the front wings and the veins of the hind wings (Cianferoni, unpublished data). This is the first record for Lebanon. As in several other cases at low latitudes and altitudes in south-eastern Europe and Near East, this species has been often confused with N. glauca or N. obliqua Thunberg, 1787 (e. g., Cianferoni 2011, 2019; Fent et al. 2011). The present record extends the distribution range of this species southwards in the Near East.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF98FF84F3AFFA99C08AFED4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Bekfeiya ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Notonecta glauca Lin., F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♀, MRSN; “ Ain | Haur ”, [1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Notonecta glauca Lin., F. Cianferoni revid., 1 ♀, MRSN. Survey material: Basin of Aarqa: Nahr El Houaïch at bridge, 1. VII. 2000, 2 ♂♂, MLUB. Basin of Aouali: Nabaa Aazibi, 10. VI. 1979, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; idem, 22. IX. 1979, 1 ♀, MLUB; Nabaa Abou Kharma, 15. IX. 1979, 1 ♀, MLUB; Nabaa el Barouk, 2. VI. 1979, 2 ♀♀, MLUB. Basin of El Bared: Mare El Bared, 17. VII. 2003, 1 ♀, MLUB. Basin of Hasbani: Ebel es-Saqi, 31. X. 2004, 2 ♂♂, MLUB; Hasbani at bridge El Fardis, 31. X. 2004, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ MLUB; Hasbani, 21. X. 2004, 1 ♀, MLUB. Basin of Litani: Nabaa el Hjaïr, 2. VI. 2005, 1 ♀, MLUB; Litani below Ain Zarka spring, 28. X. 2004, 1 ♀, MLUB. Basin of Orontes: El Haour at Marjhine, 12. VIII. 2002, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, MLUB; El Jamiaa at Marjhine, 20. V. 2001, 2 ♂♂, MLUB; idem, 21. X. 2004, 3 ♀♀, MLUB; El Jammâssia at Marjhine, 13. VIII. 2002, 1 ♂, MLUB. Basin of Oustouane: El Abiad, 28. VIII. 1995, 3 ♀♀, MLUB; idem, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, CFC; El Abiad, 19. VII. 1998, 2 ♂♂, MLUB. Extra-survey material: Ainata (Coll. Am. Un. Beirut), 1. VII. 1953, K. Christiansen leg., P. Kment det., 1 spec. (NMPC). Akkar Governatorate, Akkar District, Jabal Qammoua, 1800 m a. s. l., 22. V. 2010, A. Carapezza leg., “ Lebanon 22. V. 2010 | caza Akkar 1.800 m | Jabal Qammoua | leg. A. Carapezza ”, 1 ♂, ACPI.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF98FF84F3AFFA99C08AFED4.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Species widespread in Europe, North Africa, Middle East, Central Asia, and Indian region (Polhemus 1995 c; Aukema et al. 2013; Aukema 2024).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FF98FF84F3AFFA99C08AFED4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A very common species in Lebanon.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA6FFB9F3AFFEAAC1B5FAC9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Published records: “ Beirut ”, [11. VII. 1893], [E. Festa leg.], [E. Giglio-Tos det.] as Plea minutissima (Fabr.) [sic!], F. Cianferoni revid., 11 ♂♂ (Figs. 9 a, b; 10 a – v), 6 ♀♀, 3 V instar nypmphs, MRSN. Survey material: Basin of Litani: Nabaa el Hjaïr, 6. IX. 2005, 1 ♂ (Figs. 9 c, d, e; 10 w, x), CFC. Extralimital material examined. Plea cryptica. New records: ARMENIA: Ararat Province, Khor Virap Marsh, channel, 817 m a. s. l., 39.88750 ° N 44.57992 ° E (WGS 84; uncertainty = 20 m), F. Cianferoni & F. Graziani leg., F. Cianferoni det., 1 ♂ (Fig. 10 y, z), CNRF, 1 ♂, CFG. GREECE: Epirus, Preveza, Louros River at Flamboura, 39 ° 03 ’ N 20 ° 46 ’ E, 2. VI. 2015, F. Terzani, S. Rocchi & A. Bandinelli leg., F. Cianferoni det., 1 ♂ (Fig. 10 α, β), CFC. ITALY: Umbria, Perugia Province, Lake Trasimeno, 22. IX. 1967, N. Sanfilippo leg., F. Cianferoni det., 1 ♂ (Fig. 10 γ, δ), CNS.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA6FFB9F3AFFEAAC1B5FAC9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Plea cryptica has been recently described, after having been confused for more than two centuries with the close P. m. minutissima Leach, 1817. The two species are extremely similar. In addition to molecular approaches, morphologically the only reliable character to separate them seems to be the shape of the male parameres (Raupach et al. 2024). Through the study of material from different countries it was possible to make further observations. We confirm the possibility of a realiable morphological distinction of male specimens. The differences are subtle, but clear and costant. However, we suggest always making the separation by direct comparison with both parameres and both species. Especially through the complete study of the good series of specimens from Beirut (Lebanon) collected by E. Festa in 1893, we had the opportunity to detect a certain variability even within a single population. Therefore, it is always advisable to observe more specimens when possible. Parameres are three-dimensional structures and can be more or less bent. Therefore, curvature and threedimensionality contribute to explain part of the observed differences. This happens when comparing three-dimensional pieces that are more or less folded and curved on themselves, when they are observed, for example, on a slide and rendered through a two-dimensional image (see Cianferoni & Ceccolini 2024 for a more in-depth discussion on this topic). For example, more curved parameres (especially in the case of the right paramere) appear stockier, but they are not necessarily shorter than others. Here the first country records of P. cryptica for Lebanon (previous misidentifications with P. minutissima by Giglio-Tos 1894), Armenia and Italy are provided. The occurrence of P. m. minutissima in Greece (Cephalonia Island) and Italy (peninsular mainland, Capraia Island and Sicily) is also confirmed. All records of Plea spp. prior to the contribution by Rapuach et al. (2024) or in any case not verified through the study of the parameres and / or molecular confirmation require verification. The records of P. m. minutissima for Anatolia and Armenia by Raupach et al. (2024), each based on a single specimen and identified only morphologically, seem doubtful. This is mainly based on the distribution records observed so far (the two species appear to be sympatric only in a limited latitudinal band where the ranges of the two species overlap) and after the new record of P. cryptica in Armenia. Also the recent records of P. m. minutissima from Armenia and Georgia by Berchi et al. (2023) require revision since prior to the description of P. cryptica. The need to use the nominotypical subspecies for P. minutissima is due to the upgrade to subspecies (without further explanation) of Plea minutissima f. tassilii Poisson, 1953 by Stichel (1955). The validity and eventual status of this taxon, P. minutissima tassili (see Poisson 1953), urge to be assessed.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA4FFB9F3AFF9F3C723F834.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Generically recorded for Lebanon (without exact locality) for the first time by Lindskog (1995).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFF3EC65FFDFD.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Widely distributed species in the Palaearctic and Afrotropical Regions (see Vinokurov & Kment 2015).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFF3EC65FFDFD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Although the presence of this species in Lebanon may be possible, Lindberg’s record would need to be verified and confirmed by new findings. The need to use the nominotypical subspecies is due to the subspecies S. arenicola ussurica Vinokurov, 1981 from Primorsky Kray, Russian Far East (see Lindskog 1995, Vinokurov 2004).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFD34C115FBE8.taxon	materials_examined	Extralimital material examined. TURKEY: Muğla province, Faralya, “ Butterfly Valley ”, 1 ♀ macr. (CFC).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFD34C115FBE8.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This is an East Mediterranean species described from Cyprus and known also from southern Turkey and Lebanon (Lindskog 1975, 1995; Fent et al. 2011; Vinokurov & Kment 2015).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFD34C115FBE8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Since this species is so far known only from few collected specimens (see Vinokurov & Kment 2015) we find useful to provide an unpublished record from Anatolia. This record, from Faralya, is the first one for the Muğla province and the westernmost one so far known (see Hoberlandt 1952 as “ S. hirsuta ”, misidentification; Lindskog 1975; Fent et al. 2011; Vinokurov & Kment 2015).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFB00C1C4FA20.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This is a Sibero-European species (see Vinokurov & Kment 2015).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFB00C1C4FA20.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Recently recorded by Fent et al. (2011) for Lebanon.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFA4AC057F948.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Survey material: Basin of El Beirut: Beirut below spring Daiychouniyé, 26. VII. 2004, 1 ♂ macr., CFC.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFA4AC057F948.taxon	distribution	General distribution. Very widespread species occurring in all the Holarctic and extending to the Neotropical and Oriental (India and Nepal) regions (Péricart 1990; Aukema 2024).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA5FFB8F3AFFA4AC057F948.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The most ubiquitous species of the genus, occurring near fresh, brackish and salty waters (Péricart 1990). First record for Lebanon.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA3FFBEF3AFFA7CC016F83F.taxon	distribution	General distribution. From the records currently available (see Schuh et al. 1987, Lindskog 1995, Fent et al. 2011, Aukema et al. 2013) the distribution of this species would seem typically Europeo-Mediterranean.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA3FFBEF3AFFA7CC016F83F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Records from Kurdistan (Iran) by Sakenin et al. (2011) and Samin et al. (2011) (quoted by Ghahari et al. 2013) require confirmation (as already suggested by Vinokurov & Kment 2015), since they could belong to other congeneric species occurring in Iran (see Lindskog 1995). However, if confirmed the distribution of this species should be understood as extended to the Turanic area and therefore it would mean that records in the east part of the species range are completely missing.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA3FFBEF3AFFBF1C6B3FA33.taxon	distribution	General distribution. This is a Centralasiatic-Mediterranean species, introduced into USA, Chile, and Japan (Lindskog 1995, Aukema et al. 2013, Yamazaki & Sugiura 2014, Vinokurov & Kment 2015).	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
03D587B7FFA3FFBEF3AFFBF1C6B3FA33.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Unmistakable species of which no particular identification problems are suspected.	en	Cianferoni, Fabio, Dia, Aref (2025): Annotated catalogue and checklist of Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Lebanon, with new records. Zootaxa 5725 (1): 1-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5725.1.1
