taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D5161B6A4FFF85FF79FF7373853B85.taxon	description	(Figs 1 A – E, 2 A – B, 2 D – G, 3 A – B, 4 A – C, 5 A – L, 6 A – D, 7 A – D) Study based on 54 collected specimens: 42 specimens mounted in toto; 4 specimens mounted on stubs for SEM; 12 extracted cirri mounted in Faure; and 13 specimens measured. Table 1 presents all the morphometric data of the specimens of T. iheringi from M. planogyra (present work), P. maculata (present work), and the data provided by Seixas et al. (2010 a) from P. canaliculata. Taxonomic summary. Type host. Ampullaria (= Pomacea) sp. (Haswell 1893); Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Ampullariidae) (Seixas et al. 2010 a).	en	Seixas, Samantha A., Amato, Suzana B., Amato, José F. R. (2020): Temnocephalan epibionts (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) on mollusks from Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Zootaxa 4858 (3): 341-357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4858.3.2
03D5161B6A4FFF85FF79FF7373853B85.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Brazil (Haswell 1893); probably Camaquã, RS, Brazil (Seixas et al. 2010 a). Other hosts and localities. Pomacea lineata (Spix in Wagner, 1827), Salobra and Guaicurús, MS, Brazil (Pereira & Cuocolo 1941); Asolene platae (Maton, 1809), Río San Javier, Santa Fe, Argentina (Hyman 1955); Pomacea sp., Soriano and San José, Uruguay (Dioni 1967); Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822), Parana medio, Argentina (Di Persia & Radici de Cura 1973); ruta Interbalnearia (km 21), Canelones, Uruguay (Flecher & Ponce de León 1983); Avenida Italia (km 21,5), Canelones, Uruguay (González et al. 1987); Laguna Don Felipe, Santa Fe and Punta Lara, Canteras de Los Talas, Arroyo Doña Flora, Punta Indio, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Damborenea 1992); Playa Bagliardi, Berisso, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Damborenea 1996); Arroyo Zapata, Magdalena, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Damborenea & Cannon 2001); Ilha da Pintada and Sava Clube, Lago Guaíba, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Sossego Farm, Santa Vitória do Palmar, RS, Brazil; Ponta do Ceroula, Barra do Ribeiro, RS, Brazil; Praia Florida, Lago Guaíba, Guaíba, RS, Brazil; Arrozeira, Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil; Barra do Ouro, Maquiné, RS, Brazil (Seixas et al. 2010 a); Pomella megastoma (Sowerby, 1825), Río de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Damborenea et al. 1997, Damborenea et al. 2006, Vega et al. 2006); Marisa planogyra Pilsbry, 1933 and Pomacea maculata Perry, 1810, (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Ampullariidae), Ypiranga Farm, Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil (present work). Site of infestation. Adults and juveniles in mantle cavity, eggs in umbilicus, suture, and spire, sometimes in larger numbers in the body whorl of the host shell; never present on operculum in M. planogyra, and present on operculum in P. maculata. Other helminth specimens examined. Temnocephala iheringi from P. canaliculata — specimens deposited in the ‘ Coleção Helmintológica do Laboratório de Helmintologia da UFRGS’, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and ‘ Colección de Invertebrados, División Zoologia Invertebrados, Museo de La Plata (MLP) ’, La Plata, Argentina: MLP-He 3118 (Arroyo Miguelin, Punta Lara); MLP-He 3119 and 3121 (Canteras de Berisso, Los Talas, Berisso); MLP-He 3120 (Arroyo Doña Flora, Ensenada, Buenos Aires, Argentina). Helminth specimens deposited. ‘ Colección de Invertebrados, División Zoologia Invertebrados, Museo de La Plata (MLP) ’, La Plata, Argentina: Temnocephala iheringi from M. planogyra: MLP-He 7696 (two specimens in toto and one cirrus) and T. iheringi from P. maculata: MLP-He 7697 (two specimens in toto and two cirri).	en	Seixas, Samantha A., Amato, Suzana B., Amato, José F. R. (2020): Temnocephalan epibionts (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) on mollusks from Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Zootaxa 4858 (3): 341-357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4858.3.2
03D5161B6A4FFF85FF79FF7373853B85.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Infrapopulations of T. iheringi epibionts on M. planogyra and P. maculata showed some intraspecific variations. The adhesive disk (length and width) and the width of the pharynx were significantly different between the two infrapopulations. The adhesive disk of specimens of T. iheringi from M. planogyra was smaller than in the specimens from P. maculata (p = 0.001), and the pharynx of specimens of T. iheringi from P. maculata was less wide than in the specimens from M. planogyra (p = 0.043). The male reproductive system presented important distinctions between specimens from both hosts. The length of the shaft and the introvert were significantly different, specimens of T. iheringi from M. planogyra had a smaller shaft (p = 0.047) but a larger introvert (p = 0.039). The introvert of the specimens from P. maculata had a slight curvature (approximately 20 o) in just one of the sides at the proximal limit of the introvert (Figs 5 G and 6 D). The spines of the introvert also differed significantly between both infrapopulations. The spines of specimens from M. planogyra were shorter and with a more robust base (Fig. 5 E) than in the specimens from P. maculata (Fig. 5 K) (p = 0.007). The female reproductive system was very similar among specimens from both hosts, having no significant variations in any measurement. Only T. iheringi ’ s eggs from M. planogyra were recorded showing one side of the ring of opercular plates around the apical pole of the egg (Fig. 1 D), and a subapical filament (Fig. 1 E). The eggs were deposited in umbilicus, suture, and spire, sometimes in larger numbers in the body whorl of the host shell (Fig. 1 A and B); they were never present on the operculum in M. planogyra, but were on the operculum in P. maculata.	en	Seixas, Samantha A., Amato, Suzana B., Amato, José F. R. (2020): Temnocephalan epibionts (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) on mollusks from Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Zootaxa 4858 (3): 341-357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4858.3.2
03D5161B6A4EFF8AFF79FF7375D03EC0.taxon	description	(Figs 2 C, 2 H – I, 3 C, 4 D – F, 5 M – Q, 6 E – F, 7 E – F) Description. Based on 61 collected specimens: 32 specimens mounted in toto (25 adults and 7 juveniles); 4 specimens mounted on stubs for SEM; 11 extracted cirri mounted in Faure; 18 specimens measured: External characteristics. Body, without tentacles (Figs 2 C, 4 D and 6 E) 1402 – 2686 (2004, 346) long, 849 – 1698 (1261, 272) wide; adhesive disk ventral, subterminal, partially covered by body 276 – 573 (449, 95) long, 336 – 691 (566, 109) wide; disc peduncle 158 – 375 (259, 63) long; ratio between total body length / adhesive disk length 4.5: 1. Two EPs, longer than wide (Figs 4 D and 4 E); external margin reaching ventrolaterally the margin of body (Fig. 4 F); left plate 186 – 196 (190, n = 3, 5) long, 97 – 150 (115, n = 3, 30) wide; right plate 162 – 185 (173, n = 2, 16) long, 80 – 106 (93, n = 2, 19) wide; ratio between total body length, without tentacles / length of EPs 10.5: 1; ratio between total body width / width of the EPs 11: 1. Nephridiopore (excretory pore) in the anterior half of the plate (Fig. 4 E). Red pigmentation of the eyespots present (observations made on live specimens). Digestive system. Pharynx 296 – 454 (377, 46) long, 138 – 414 (276, 80) wide, with a small anterior sphincter and a larger posterior sphincter (Figs 2 C and 6 E); esophageal glands surrounding esophagus at base (Fig. 3 C); and a saccular intestine (Figs 2 C and 6 E). Glands. Rhabditogen glands dense, numerous and with granular appearance 40 – 72 (54, 11) in diameter, forming bunches (average 24 cells) in lateral fields of body (Fig. 3 C), extending from the beginning of intestinal sac to the anterior testes, ducts inconspicuous. Two pairs of Haswell glands (Fig. 6 E), in front of the brain transverse band, diameter of the largest cell 52 – 82 (72, n = 15, 8). Disc glands (Fig. 3 C — white arrows) 50 – 77 (56, 8) in diameter, between adhesive disc and genital complex forming two lateral bunches extending from posterior testes to margin of adhesive disc, including two pairs of large, round and more central paranephrocites (Fig. 3 C — asterisks), 72 – 105 (90, n = 5, 12) in diameter. Reproductive system. Female. Vitellaria arborescent and slender; vesicula resorbens large and usually full of sperm (Figs 2 H and 7 E), 65 – 242 (148, 51) long, 90 – 255 (176, 54) wide; wall thickness 2 – 12 (5, 2); four seminal receptacles (Figs 2 H and 7 E) 15 – 35 (26, n = 16, 6) long; a large and ovoid ovary 87 – 205 (149, 36) long, 55 – 155 (90, 24) wide; long vagina with a weak muscular wall, distal portion with slight thickening of the muscular wall (Figs 2 H and 7 E), 57 – 137 (106, n = 17, 24) long, 30 – 80 (47, n = 17,12) maximum width; a single and asymmetrical vaginal sphincter (Figs 2 H and 7 E), 30 – 72 (47, 11) in total diameter, diameter of anterior portion 10 – 17.5 (15, n = 11, 3), diameter of posterior portion 20 – 32.5 (25, n = 11, 3); eggs not observed. Male. Four ovoid testes (Figs 2 C and 6 E), located two by two on each side of the body; right anterior testis 145 – 345 (250, n = 11, 69) long, 140 – 275 (193, n = 11, 42) wide; right posterior testis 210 – 445 (302, n = 11, 73) long, 200 – 350 (239, n = 11, 41) wide; left anterior testis 130 – 350 (247, n = 11, 62) long, 160 – 260 (197, n = 11, 36) wide; left posterior testis 190 – 475 (313, n = 11, 85) long, 215 – 320 (258, n = 11, 38) wide; a long and thin seminal vesicle (Figs 2 I and 7 F) 177 – 312 (231, n = 11, 53) long, 32 – 95 (60, n = 11, 19) wide; wall thickness 2 – 5 (4, n = 11, 1); a large prostatic bulb with thick muscular wall (Figs 2 I and 7 F), 90 – 250 (158, n = 16, 49) long, 57 – 125 (99, n = 16, 22) wide; wall thickness 2 – 7 (6, n = 17, 2); a well defined prostatic vesicle with abundant prostatic secretion (Fig. 2 I). Cirrus short and curved in the distal portion (Figs 5 M, 6 F and 7 F) 140 – 202 (164, n = 11, 16) long; shaft 105 – 137 (123, n = 11, 9) long, shaft base 105 – 135 (119, n = 11, 9) wide; introvert 33 – 42 (37, n = 11, 3) long, 17 – 22 (21, n = 11, 2) wide at base; maximum introvert width at level of swelling, 17 – 27 (23, n = 11, 3). Introvert swelling with approximately 22 longitudinal rows of spines with 13 spines each (Fig. 5 N – Q). Spines with a narrow base, longer on the base of the introvert 8 – 10 (9, n = 4, 0.9) and smaller in the distal portion 3.3 – 4.7 (3.8, n = 10, 0.4) (Fig. 5 P). Ratio between total body length, without tentacles / total length of cirrus 12: 1; ratio between total length of cirrus / maximum width of shaft’s base 1.3: 1; ratio between total length of cirrus / total length of introvert 4.5: 1. Taxonomic summary. Type host. Pomacea scalaris (d’Orbigny, 1835) (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Ampullariidae).	en	Seixas, Samantha A., Amato, Suzana B., Amato, José F. R. (2020): Temnocephalan epibionts (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) on mollusks from Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Zootaxa 4858 (3): 341-357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4858.3.2
03D5161B6A4EFF8AFF79FF7375D03EC0.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Ypiranga Farm, Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Site of infestation. Adults and juveniles in mantle cavity, eggs not observed. Other helminth specimens examined. Temnocephala iheringi, Temnocephala haswelli, and Temnocephala rochensis from P. canaliculata — specimens deposited in the ‘ Coleção Helmintológica do Laboratório de Helmintologia da UFRGS’, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and ‘ Colección de Invertebrados, División Zoologia Invertebrados; Museo de La Plata (MLP) ’, La Plata, Argentina: MLP-He 3118 (Arroyo Miguelin, Punta Lara); MLP-He 3119 and 3121 (Canteras de Berisso, Los Talas, Berisso); MLP-He 3120 (Arroyo Doña Flora, Ensenada, Buenos Aires, Argentina). Helminth specimens deposited. ‘ Colección de Invertebrados, División Zoologia Invertebrados, Museo de La Plata (MLP) ’, La Plata, Argentina: MLP-He 7694 (HOLOTYPE) and MLP-He 7695 (paratypes: three specimens in toto and two cirri).	en	Seixas, Samantha A., Amato, Suzana B., Amato, José F. R. (2020): Temnocephalan epibionts (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) on mollusks from Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Zootaxa 4858 (3): 341-357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4858.3.2
03D5161B6A4EFF8AFF79FF7375D03EC0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named in honor of our late friend and colleague Dr. José Felipe Ribeiro Amato (01 / 03 / 1944 – 09 / 01 / 2018), who devoted part of his career to studying and teaching biology, taxonomy and systematics of the temnocephalids.	en	Seixas, Samantha A., Amato, Suzana B., Amato, José F. R. (2020): Temnocephalan epibionts (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) on mollusks from Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Zootaxa 4858 (3): 341-357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4858.3.2
03D5161B6A4EFF8AFF79FF7375D03EC0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The specimens of Temnocephala amatoi sp. nov. have a short cirrus with a curved distal portion (approximately 40 o) (Figs 5 M and 6 F). The introvert is narrow and spines are longer on the base and smaller on the distal portion (Fig. 5 P). A long vagina with a thin muscular wall whose distal portion, a small one with a slightly thicker muscular wall, is easily confused with the sphincter. A single and asymmetrical vaginal sphincter, which is smaller in the anterior portion and that according to the angle, may appear almost symmetrical (Figs 2 H and 7 E). Two pairs of paranephrocytes and large and conspicuous rhabditogen glands (Fig. 3 C). EPs elliptical, longer than wide, with the external margin reaching ventrolaterally the margin of body, excretory pore in the anterior portion of the plate (Fig. 4 E). Taxonomic affinites. The female reproductive system of Temnocephala epibiont’s species on mollusks is generally conspicuous (except in T. lamothei and T. euryhalina) (Damborenea & Brusa 2008; Seixas et al. 2015 a). Volonterio (2007) proposed that a series of characters be added to those normally presented in the characterization of Temnocephala species, among them, the number and shape of the vaginal sphincter (s). All the species of Temnocephala on molluks have a single vaginal sphincter (Damborenea & Brusa 2008; Seixas et al. 2010 b, c; Garcés et al. 2013; Seixas et al. 2015 a). Temnocephala rochensis, T. colombiensis and T. euryhalina have a symmetrical vaginal sphincter. However, similar to T. amatoi sp. nov., T. iheringi and T. haswelli have an asymmetrical one. The vaginal sphincter in the later three species has a smaller anterior portion, but the total diameter is smaller in by Seixas et al. (2010 a) from Pomacea canaliculata. Measurements are in micrometers (μm). T. amatoi sp. nov. (47 µm on average in T. amatoi sp. nov., 60 µm on average in T. iheringi and 86 µm on average in T. haswelli). Details of the vaginal sphincter of T. lamothei were not presented by the authors, but it is probably symmetrical as we can see in the illustration provided (Damborenea & Brusa 2008, Figure 2). Based on cirrus length, the species of Temnocephala epibiont on mollusks could be classified into two groups: The ‘ large cirrus’ group that comprises T. rochensis (243 µm on average), T. haswelli (215 µm on average), and T. colombiensis (213 µm on average). The ‘ small cirrus’ group, along with T. amatoi sp. nov. (164 µm on average): T. euryhalina (124 µm on average), T. lamothei (167 µm on average), and T. iheringi (190 µm on average) (Damborenea & Brusa 2008; Seixas et al. 2010 b, c; Garcés et al. 2013; Seixas et al. 2015 a). The introverts of the other three species of the ‘ small cirrus’ group are unique, T. iheringi has a swollen introvert (35 µm wide at inflation on average) with approximately 20 rows of seven long spines per row and T. euryhalina has a simple introvert (32 µm wide at inflation on average) with approximately 28 rows of five thin spines only at the tip followed by a smooth region (Seixas et al. 2015 a). Also, between these species, T. lamothei is the most similar to T. amatoi sp. nov., both have a curved cirrus with similar total length. The introvert of T. amatoi sp. nov. is narrow (23 µm wide at inflation on average) with approximately 22 rows of 13 spines each, longer on the base of the introvert (9 µm on average) and smaller on the distal portion (3.8 µm on average), while the introvert of T. lamothei is not swollen with an oblique proximal margin, marked with a thickened oblique ring. The only two rows of 45 – 50 thin spines (5 – 7 µm), both inner and outer the margin of the introvert, also differentiate the species from T. amatoi sp. nov. (Damborenea & Brusa 2008).	en	Seixas, Samantha A., Amato, Suzana B., Amato, José F. R. (2020): Temnocephalan epibionts (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida) on mollusks from Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Zootaxa 4858 (3): 341-357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4858.3.2
