identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D287888C72FFECABA7EFBBFDDA34C2.text	03D287888C72FFECABA7EFBBFDDA34C2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmatodactylus dalagangpalawanicum	<div><p>Stigmatodactylus dalagangpalawanicum A.S.Rob., sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2)</p> <p>Type:— PHILIPPINES. Palawan: Mount Victoria Massif, 1600 m, emergent from moss and leaf litter in thin humus layer overlying rocky ultramafic soil, 25 Jul 2007, Robinson AR002 (holotype: PPC!; transfer to PNH requested).</p> <p>Stigmatodactylus dalagangpalawanicum is distinguished from S. richardianum by its larger, flattened labellum, which is almost orbiculate with a finely erose crenulate margin, its larger, deeply channeled callus with its notched tip and short, truncated lateral margin projections, its larger, more robust plants, and the comparatively large flowers that are conspicuously red, but colourless towards the outer part of the sepals and petals.</p> <p>Description: Terrestrial herbs, ca. 9.0– 15.5 cm tall from apex of tuber to inflorescence apex. Tuber globose to ovate, ca. 3.0– 4.5 mm, covered with capillary roots to 0.1 mm long, true roots few, emergent from tuber and subterranean portions of stem, 0.5–2.5 cm long. Stem erect, terete, green, glabrous, 5–8 cm long, up to ca. 1.5 mm diameter at the base, emergent from cataphyll, 3–5 mm, clasping base of stem. Leaf cordate, variably auriculate with a narrow sinus to perfoliate, ca. 1.3(–1.5) × 0.8(–1.1) cm, glabrous, green, venation darker, somewhat conspicuous, apically anastomosing. Inflorescence erect, terete, narrowing distally to ca. 0.55 mm, peduncle 3.5–8.0 cm, rachis 0.8–2.8 cm, green, with 1–7 flowers, 1–2 open simultaneously; floral bracts leaf-bearing, cordate, sessile, 4–6 mm 3–5 mm, with an acuminate tip. Flowers facing outwards, resupinate, sepals and petals spreading widely, ca. 1.77(–2.00) × 1.10(–1.72) cm, somewhat translucent. Pedicel-ovary narrow, green, glabrous, 5–7 mm long, 0.5–0.8 mm in diameter, terete, finely 6-ribbed longitudinally. Dorsal sepal erect, subulate and tubiform from involution of opposing margins, ca. 0.8–1.1 0.6 mm, but up to 1.1 mm wide at the base where opposing margins are not involute. Lateral sepals linear-subulate, narrowly ovate in section, descending, each ca. 30º from vertical, ca. 5.5–9.5 mm long. Petals subulate, almost 90º from vertical, straight to arcuate, ca. 5.35–8.45 mm long. Labellum purplish red, sometimes fading to a pale margin, petals and sepals predominantly pale, proximally flushed red, column basally red, otherwise green, flushed red immediately above anther cap, callus exterior reddish, becoming distally colourless, callus interior deep purplish red. Labellum immobile, flat, orbiculate, unlobed, ca. 0.7–0.89 mm in diameter, glabrous, surface minutely sinuate-papillate, margins markedly erose crenulate, apex in some blooms apiculate to acuminate. Callus 2–3 × 0.6–0.8 mm at base, basally fused to column for ca. 1/3 its length, thereafter deeply channeled, margins diminishing towards notched apex, lateral margins with a short, truncated projection, ca. 0.3 mm long, close to where the callus parts from the column. Column at ca. 90º to labellum, ca. 6.5–8.5 mm long, ca. 0.6 mm in diam., straight for ca. 2/3 of its length, then curved by ca. 55°, keel running ventrally along column from base, terminating in blunt-ended projection at a point 1/3 from base, 0.3–0.6 mm long, vestigial column wings emergent after projection, becoming deeply pronounced, to 0.4 mm, and angular, hyaline, subtending column apex on each side, column apex broadly clavate, rostellum blunt, ca. 0.3 × 0.4 mm, occasionally darkly coloured, stigma ovate, concave. Anther cap creamy white to slightly red suffused, cucullate, suborbiculate, with a median notch. Anther bilocular, pollinia 4, mealy, ovoid, butter yellow. Capsule narrowly oblong, ca. 4 mm in diameter, 9 mm long, 6-ribbed.</p> <p>Conservation status: This species is known from three small populations across a 2 km transect in closed canopy upper montane forest.The total population across all three sites comprises ca. 18 mature individuals. Direct observations satisfy the IUCN Red List Criteria B2ac(iv);D (IUCN, 2001) as CR (Critically Endangered). The occurrence of this taxon in the surrounding forest above 1400 metres can be inferred, potentially satisfying the criteria for an EN assessment, but the ephemeral nature of Stigmatodactylus populations and their apparent sensitivity to environmental disturbance nonetheless puts them at high risk.</p> <p>Distribution and Ecology: Growing terrestrially in humus layer overlying ultramafic rock in upper montane, closed canopy forest below summit scrub zone. The known populations of Stigmatodactylus dalagangpalawanicum comprise fewer than 20 documented individuals growing within a narrow elevational range of 1400–1700 m. Plants grow singly or in sparsely scattered groups beneath stunted summit trees, 2.0– 3.5 m tall. June temperatures achieve 25 ºC in the shade during the day, 12–14 ºC at night, with frequent clouds and periodic rains (pers. obs.).Associated genera include Leptospermum (Myrtaceae), Vaccinium (Ericaceae), Rhododendron (Ericaceae) and Quercus (Fagaceae).</p> <p>Phenology: Inflorescences bearing flowers observed in June, July, October, November and December, suggesting a tendency to flower following the rainy spring months into the start of the dry season, which is most pronounced from January through to April. Exploratory root excavation in October showed no apparent tubers, although they have been noted at other times of year, suggesting that these are newly produced at the end of each growing season; the noted absence of tubers in other perennating Stigmatodactylus taxa (Kores 1991, Schlechter 1911) may thus be a function of timing, although this cannot be stated with certainty in the absence of multiple observations.</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet, dalagangpalawanicum, is the Tagalog (Filipino) words dalaga ng Palawan (maiden of Palawan), a reference to the pretty and diminutive form of the plants and a name now adopted by the local Tagbanua tribe for the plant since our research began. This designation is made in particular honour to the second author, Elizabeth Gironella, in the year following her official retirement after decades of work as curator of the herbarium at Palawan State University.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D287888C72FFECABA7EFBBFDDA34C2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Robinson, Alastair S.;Gironella, Elizabeth P.;Cervancia, Jehson M.	Robinson, Alastair S., Gironella, Elizabeth P., Cervancia, Jehson M. (2016): New orchid species of Sigmatodactylus (Orchidoideae; Diurideae) and a new record of Cryptostylis carinata from central Palawan, Philippines. Phytotaxa 252 (2): 99-113, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.252.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.2.2
03D287888C77FFEFABA7E8DDFC9034B6.text	03D287888C77FFEFABA7E8DDFC9034B6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmatodactylus aquamarinus	<div><p>Stigmatodactylus aquamarinus A.S.Rob. &amp; E.Gironella, sp. nov. (Figs. 3, 4)</p> <p>Type: — PHILIPPINES. Palawan: Mount Victoria Massif, 1460 m, in mossy pads on matted tree roots and steep rock walls, 25 Jul 2007, Robinson AR003 (holotype: PPC!; transfer to PNH requested).</p> <p>Stigmatodactylus aquamarinus is distinguished from S. lamrii (Wood &amp; Chan 1993: 274) by its labellum that is slightly oblong, retuse with an apiculate tip and an irregularly minutely serrulate margin, by its broader, unequal falcate petals, broader basal callus that is cuneate from above with two filiform protrusions at right angles to its axis and a glossy dark purple lingulate appendage that runs dorsally from the midpoint to the apex where its tip is slightly deflexed, and by its more obviously amplexicaul to perfoliate leaf.</p> <p>Description: Terrestrial herbs, ca. 11.5–21.0 cm tall from apex of tuber to inflorescence apex. Tuber subglobose, ca. 4– 6 mm in diameter, pale brown, roots few, 0.4–2.5 cm long, emergent from tuber and below cataphyll. Stem erect, terete, green, glabrous, supple, 5.2–8.7 cm long, up to ca. 0.02 cm in diameter at the base, cataphyll 2–4 mm, enveloping base of stem. Leaf cordate, base auriculate to wholly perfoliate, ca. 1.1(–1.6) × 0.8(–1.2) cm, glabrous, green, margin sometimes minutely fimbriate. Inflorescence erect, terete, narrowing distally to ca. 0.45 mm, peduncle 6.5–12.5 cm, rachis 1.2–4.1 cm, green, with 1–3 flowers, usually 2, opening sequentially; floral bracts leaf-bearing, cordate, sessile to perfoliate, 3–5 × 2–4 mm, with an acuminate tip. Flowers facing outwards, resupinate, sepals and petals spreading widely, ca. 1.8–2.4(2.8) cm wide, translucent. Pedicel-ovary narrow, green, glabrous, 4–6 mm long, 0.4–0.7 mm in diameter, terete, longitudinally finely ribbed. Dorsal sepal erect to strongly arched backwards, linear-subulate and tubiform from involution of opposing margins, ca. 1.1–1.5 cm tall, 0.8 mm wide, slightly wider near the base where opposing margins are not involute. Lateral sepals small, ca. 5–7 mm long, linear-filiform, arched, descending to rear of labellum. Petals narrowly to broadly falcate, slightly unequal with a dorsal bias, flat, not horizontal, usually angled at 60–70º from vertical, ca. 0.9–1.5 cm long, conspicuously wide, up to 3.2 mm, but usually narrower. Labellum pale aquamarine to turquoise blue, usually with a faint, oblong flush of purple slightly above the centre, which in turn abruptly gives way to white towards the callus, petals and sepals more intensely coloured, proximally flushed purple around the midrib, column a darker bluish-green, basal part of keel usually purple, becoming green towards appendage, callus exterior pale blue, margins and filiform appendages more darkly so, callus dorsal appendage invariably deep purple. Labellum immobile, flat, shortly oblong-obovate, unlobed, up to 1.35 cm long, 1.1 cm wide, glabrous, margins minutely to obviously erose-serrulate, rarely scalloped, apex slightly retuse, in some blooms with an apiculate tip. Callus broad, porrect, 2.8–3.2 mm long, ca. 1.6–1.9 mm wide at base, cuneate, basally fused to column for ca. 1/5 its length, dorsal appendage running from midpoint to apex, glossy purple, lingulate, ovate-applanate, 0.35–0.55 mm wide, deflexed apex narrowly obtuse, callus lateral margins with pronounced filiform appendages at widest point, ca. 0.5 mm long, though highly inconsistent in terms of degree, the callus may be 3-lobed, the aliform lateral lobes being more or less appressed to the labellum and deeply cut, hyaline, to 0.8 mm long, if fully developed always terminating at boundary between white patch and oblong purple flush of colour on labellum. Column narrow, ca. 3–5.45 mm long, ca. 0.2–0.4 mm wide, straight for ca. 3/4 of its length, then variably decurved, basal 2/3 with a ventral keel, terminating in a large dactyliform appendage, 0.5–0.8 mm long, column apex clavate, rostellum unknown. Anther-cap bluish white, cucullate, broadly elliptic, notched. Anther bilocular, pollinia 4, waxy, ovoid, white (observed prior to maturation). Capsule narrowly ovate, 6–14 mm long, ca. 5–6 mm in diameter, 6-ribbed.</p> <p>Conservation status: This species is known from three small populations of just 1–2 individuals each. Direct observations satisfy the IUCN Red List Criteria B2ac(iv);D (IUCN, 2001) as CR (Critically Endangered). Despite numerous visits with successful sightings of its sister taxon, Stigmatodactylus dalagangpalawanicum, S. aquamarinus has not yet been observed at the same location more than once.</p> <p>Distribution and Ecology: Growing terrestrially in moss pads overlying matted tree roots or steeply inclined ultramafic rock, generally occurring singly beneath closed canopy forest of upper montane trees 4–6 m tall or climbing bamboo; or in ultramafic rubble in open summit scrub, sheltered by large boulders. The known populations of Stigmatodactylus aquamarinus occur between 1430–1680 m.</p> <p>Phenology: Plants and inflorescences bearing flowers observed in October, November and December, during the latter part of the wet season. Vegetative parts have been notably absent at other times of year, and the recurrence of plants at the same site in consecutive years has yet to be documented. This may suggest ephemeral colonisation of suitable sites, but data are too scant to be conclusive.</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet, aquamarinus, is derived from the Latin aqua (water) and marinus (of the sea) = aquamarine, a reference to the unusual bluish to turquoise colour of the petals and sepals.</p> <p>With the publication of Stigmatodactylus aquamarinus and S. dalagangpalawanicum, the total number of recognised Stigmatodactylus species now stands at thirteen. We place these in two groups that broadly reflect the species’ geographic ranges. The groups are summarised in Table 1.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D287888C77FFEFABA7E8DDFC9034B6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Robinson, Alastair S.;Gironella, Elizabeth P.;Cervancia, Jehson M.	Robinson, Alastair S., Gironella, Elizabeth P., Cervancia, Jehson M. (2016): New orchid species of Sigmatodactylus (Orchidoideae; Diurideae) and a new record of Cryptostylis carinata from central Palawan, Philippines. Phytotaxa 252 (2): 99-113, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.252.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.2.2
