taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03D287B2FFBF36209AD7FE562B7EFDC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261276/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261276	FIGURE 3. Farrea aleutiana n. sp., body and framework. A. Frame grab from video footage of the holotype in situ before collection; the holotype is outlined by white line; arrowheads mark laser spots 10 cm apart. B. Largest fragments of the holotype, USNM# 1196548. C. Cleaned dictyonal framework viewed from atrial side showing relatively straight spurs at bottom (SEM). D. Higher magnification of framework showing smooth beam surfaces and spurs curved toward the growing margin (left) (SEM).	FIGURE 3. Farrea aleutiana n. sp., body and framework. A. Frame grab from video footage of the holotype in situ before collection; the holotype is outlined by white line; arrowheads mark laser spots 10 cm apart. B. Largest fragments of the holotype, USNM# 1196548. C. Cleaned dictyonal framework viewed from atrial side showing relatively straight spurs at bottom (SEM). D. Higher magnification of framework showing smooth beam surfaces and spurs curved toward the growing margin (left) (SEM).	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFBF36209AD7FE562B7EFDC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261278/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261278	FIGURE 4. Farrea aleutiana n. sp., spicules (all SEM). A. Surface pentactin, whole, with enlarged tangential and proximal ray ends. B. Pileate clavule, whole, side and end view of the upper end. C. Uncinate, whole and enlarged middle segment. D. Oxyhexaster. E. Hemioxyhexaster. F. Oxyhexactin. G. Discohexaster. H. Hemidiscohexaster. I. Discohexactin. J. Magnified side and end views of terminal ray ends of disc-tipped microscleres.	FIGURE 4. Farrea aleutiana n. sp., spicules (all SEM). A. Surface pentactin, whole, with enlarged tangential and proximal ray ends. B. Pileate clavule, whole, side and end view of the upper end. C. Uncinate, whole and enlarged middle segment. D. Oxyhexaster. E. Hemioxyhexaster. F. Oxyhexactin. G. Discohexaster. H. Hemidiscohexaster. I. Discohexactin. J. Magnified side and end views of terminal ray ends of disc-tipped microscleres.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFB236279AD7F90A2C51FBF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261280/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261280	FIGURE 5. Farrea aspondyla n. sp., body and framework A. Frame grab from video footage of the holotype in situ before collection. B. Three largest fragments of the collected holotype (dry). C. Mass of smaller fragments in which the meshes of the dictyonal framework can just be resolved (dry). D. Plane view of the dictyonal framework showing relative regularity of square meshes (SEM). E. Magnified view of the framework showing smooth beam surfaces and sharp-pointed spurs (SEM). F. Oblique atrial view of framework showing longitudinal strands running away from the viewer and downstream curvature of the spurs (SEM).	FIGURE 5. Farrea aspondyla n. sp., body and framework A. Frame grab from video footage of the holotype in situ before collection. B. Three largest fragments of the collected holotype (dry). C. Mass of smaller fragments in which the meshes of the dictyonal framework can just be resolved (dry). D. Plane view of the dictyonal framework showing relative regularity of square meshes (SEM). E. Magnified view of the framework showing smooth beam surfaces and sharp-pointed spurs (SEM). F. Oblique atrial view of framework showing longitudinal strands running away from the viewer and downstream curvature of the spurs (SEM).	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFB236279AD7F90A2C51FBF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261282/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261282	FIGURE 6. Farrea aspondyla n. sp., spicules, all from holotype (SEM). A. Surface pentactin, whole and enlarged tangential ray end. B. Parenchymal hexactin. C. Range in size of anchorate clavules in side view, all to same scale. D. Magnified side view of anchorate clavules. E. Magnified end view of anchorate clavule heads. F. Proximal view of broken anchorate clavule head showing pattern of dark incompletely smoothed silica surface. G. Uncinate, whole and enlarged middle segment. H. Large discohexaster, whole and enlarged view of calyx-like base of secondary rays and terminal discs. I. Small discohexasters, whole and magnified view of secondary ray ends.	FIGURE 6. Farrea aspondyla n. sp., spicules, all from holotype (SEM). A. Surface pentactin, whole and enlarged tangential ray end. B. Parenchymal hexactin. C. Range in size of anchorate clavules in side view, all to same scale. D. Magnified side view of anchorate clavules. E. Magnified end view of anchorate clavule heads. F. Proximal view of broken anchorate clavule head showing pattern of dark incompletely smoothed silica surface. G. Uncinate, whole and enlarged middle segment. H. Large discohexaster, whole and enlarged view of calyx-like base of secondary rays and terminal discs. I. Small discohexasters, whole and magnified view of secondary ray ends.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFB7363A9AD7FF132B3BF9E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261284/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261284	FIGURE 7. Pinulasma fistulosum n. gen., n. sp., specimens and surfaces. A. Frame grab from video footage of the holotype in situ before collection. B. Frame grab from video tape of the paratype in situ before collection. C-D. Both sides of the main parts of the dried holotype (C) and wet paratype (D) after collection. E. Closer view of the external fistules showing branching and fusion. F. Wet dermal surface of the holotype with transparent spicule lattice supported above inhalant canals. G. Closer view of atrial surface showing entrances to lumena of fistules. H. Atrial surface of wet holotype fragment showing uncovered apertures of exhalant canals.	FIGURE 7. Pinulasma fistulosum n. gen., n. sp., specimens and surfaces. A. Frame grab from video footage of the holotype in situ before collection. B. Frame grab from video tape of the paratype in situ before collection. C-D. Both sides of the main parts of the dried holotype (C) and wet paratype (D) after collection. E. Closer view of the external fistules showing branching and fusion. F. Wet dermal surface of the holotype with transparent spicule lattice supported above inhalant canals. G. Closer view of atrial surface showing entrances to lumena of fistules. H. Atrial surface of wet holotype fragment showing uncovered apertures of exhalant canals.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFB7363A9AD7FF132B3BF9E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261286/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261286	FIGURE 8. Pinulasma fistulosum n. gen., n. sp., cleaned skeletal framework. A. Longitudinal section of body wall framework (LM). B. Longitudinal section through body wall and fistule; arrowhead shows location of Figure A (LM). C. Longitudinal section of body wall showing septa (SEM). D. Surface view of body wall and fistules (LM). E. Closer view of part of D showing septa (LM). F. Dermal surface of body wall, with slight dermal cortex and one shallow epirhysis; growth direction upward (SEM). G. Similar view of atrial surface (SEM). H. Close view of framework spurs and beams showing ornamentation (SEM).	FIGURE 8. Pinulasma fistulosum n. gen., n. sp., cleaned skeletal framework. A. Longitudinal section of body wall framework (LM). B. Longitudinal section through body wall and fistule; arrowhead shows location of Figure A (LM). C. Longitudinal section of body wall showing septa (SEM). D. Surface view of body wall and fistules (LM). E. Closer view of part of D showing septa (LM). F. Dermal surface of body wall, with slight dermal cortex and one shallow epirhysis; growth direction upward (SEM). G. Similar view of atrial surface (SEM). H. Close view of framework spurs and beams showing ornamentation (SEM).	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFB7363A9AD7FF132B3BF9E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261288/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261288	FIGURE 9. Pinulasma fistulosum n. gen., n. sp., spicules (SEM). A. Dermal and atrial pinular hexactins, three whole variations and enlarged distal and tangential ray ends. B. Pentactin. C. Hexactin. D. Discoscopule, whole and enlarged head, shaft tip and tine end. E. Strongyloscopule, whole and enlarged head, shaft tip and tine end. F. Tauactin, whole and enlarged centrum and ray end. G. Two whole diactins with enlarged centrum and ray end. H. Uncinate, whole and enlarged central segment. I. Discohexactin, whole and enlarged ray tip and end disc. J. Hemidiscohexaster. K. Oxyhexactin and hemioxyhexaster. (All from holotype)	FIGURE 9. Pinulasma fistulosum n. gen., n. sp., spicules (SEM). A. Dermal and atrial pinular hexactins, three whole variations and enlarged distal and tangential ray ends. B. Pentactin. C. Hexactin. D. Discoscopule, whole and enlarged head, shaft tip and tine end. E. Strongyloscopule, whole and enlarged head, shaft tip and tine end. F. Tauactin, whole and enlarged centrum and ray end. G. Two whole diactins with enlarged centrum and ray end. H. Uncinate, whole and enlarged central segment. I. Discohexactin, whole and enlarged ray tip and end disc. J. Hemidiscohexaster. K. Oxyhexactin and hemioxyhexaster. (All from holotype)	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFAB36319AD7F8BD2F82FDE5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261290/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261290	FIGURE 10. Tretodictyum amchitkensis n. sp., body and framework. A. Frame grab from video footage of the holotype in situ before collection, laser spacing 10 cm. B. Three largest dried fragments, one on left in top and side views. C. Dry external dermal surface showing ridges and grooves. D. Dry internal atrial surface showing open exhalant apertures. E. Closer view of dry dermal surface showing quadrangular spicule lattice over inhalant canals. F. Closer view of dry atrial surface showing uncovered exhalant aperture and dense spicule felt-work. G. Close view of wet atrial surface showing tissue ring around exhalant canal aperture. H. Cleaned marginal skeletal framework showing branching of vertical septa. I. Closer view of septa and intervening space showing transverse connecting strands. J. Marginal end of one septum in lateral view showing disposition of longitudinal strands (SEM). K. Dermal surface of older framework 5 cm from margin with thin surface cortex (SEM). L. Atrial surface of older framework 5 cm from margin with thin surface cortex (SEM).	FIGURE 10. Tretodictyum amchitkensis n. sp., body and framework. A. Frame grab from video footage of the holotype in situ before collection, laser spacing 10 cm. B. Three largest dried fragments, one on left in top and side views. C. Dry external dermal surface showing ridges and grooves. D. Dry internal atrial surface showing open exhalant apertures. E. Closer view of dry dermal surface showing quadrangular spicule lattice over inhalant canals. F. Closer view of dry atrial surface showing uncovered exhalant aperture and dense spicule felt-work. G. Close view of wet atrial surface showing tissue ring around exhalant canal aperture. H. Cleaned marginal skeletal framework showing branching of vertical septa. I. Closer view of septa and intervening space showing transverse connecting strands. J. Marginal end of one septum in lateral view showing disposition of longitudinal strands (SEM). K. Dermal surface of older framework 5 cm from margin with thin surface cortex (SEM). L. Atrial surface of older framework 5 cm from margin with thin surface cortex (SEM).	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFAB36319AD7F8BD2F82FDE5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261292/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261292	FIGURE 11. Tretodictyum amchitkensis n. sp., spicules (SEM). A. Surface subhexactins and pentactin. B. Tangential ray end. C. Proximal ray end. D. Range of distal ray development of subhexactins. E. Parenchymal regular hexactin. F. Strongyloscopule, whole, magnified head, shaft tip and tine end. G. Uncinate, whole and enlarged middle segment. H. Oxyhexaster, whole and enlarged ray end. I. Discohexaster, whole and enlarged secondary ray tuft. J. Oxyhexactin.	FIGURE 11. Tretodictyum amchitkensis n. sp., spicules (SEM). A. Surface subhexactins and pentactin. B. Tangential ray end. C. Proximal ray end. D. Range of distal ray development of subhexactins. E. Parenchymal regular hexactin. F. Strongyloscopule, whole, magnified head, shaft tip and tine end. G. Uncinate, whole and enlarged middle segment. H. Oxyhexaster, whole and enlarged ray end. I. Discohexaster, whole and enlarged secondary ray tuft. J. Oxyhexactin.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFA036329AD7FC052BEFFE57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261294/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261294	FIGURE 12. Regadrella okinoseana Ijima, body and distribution map. A. Two faces of the collected dry specimen, missing the attachment base. B. External edge showing the pit/ridge surface pattern typical of Regadrella. C. External surface of the wet subsample showing pits with parietal oscula at their centers. D. A parietal osculum in whole mount viewed in transmitted light. E. In situ image of the specimen prior to collection; distance between laser marks is 10 cm. F. Known distribution map of R. okinoseana, with the new Aleutian Island site added.	FIGURE 12. Regadrella okinoseana Ijima, body and distribution map. A. Two faces of the collected dry specimen, missing the attachment base. B. External edge showing the pit/ridge surface pattern typical of Regadrella. C. External surface of the wet subsample showing pits with parietal oscula at their centers. D. A parietal osculum in whole mount viewed in transmitted light. E. In situ image of the specimen prior to collection; distance between laser marks is 10 cm. F. Known distribution map of R. okinoseana, with the new Aleutian Island site added.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFA036329AD7FC052BEFFE57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261296/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261296	FIGURE 13. Regadrella okinoseana Ijima, spicules (SEM). A. Common large dermal hexactin with enlargements of ray ends. B, C. Less common smaller dermal hexactins with near-equal ray lengths. D. Most common pentactin atrialium. E. Subhexactin atrialium. F. Rare hexactin atrialium. G. Rare stauractin atrialium with short knobs in the axis perpendicular to the page. H. Rare triactin atrialium. I. Rare diactin atrialium. J. Distinctive small diactin oscularium. K. Thin parenchymal diactin, whole and enlarged center and ray ends. L. Large parenchymal principal diactin, whole and enlarged center and ray ends. M. Floricome with enlarged primary ray end disc and terminal ray tips. N. Oxystaurasters in facial and side view; O. Oxyhexaster. P. Enlarged terminal ray end of oxystauractin. Q. Graphiocome centrum. R. Whole raphidial graphiocome terminal ray with enlargements of the proximal part.	FIGURE 13. Regadrella okinoseana Ijima, spicules (SEM). A. Common large dermal hexactin with enlargements of ray ends. B, C. Less common smaller dermal hexactins with near-equal ray lengths. D. Most common pentactin atrialium. E. Subhexactin atrialium. F. Rare hexactin atrialium. G. Rare stauractin atrialium with short knobs in the axis perpendicular to the page. H. Rare triactin atrialium. I. Rare diactin atrialium. J. Distinctive small diactin oscularium. K. Thin parenchymal diactin, whole and enlarged center and ray ends. L. Large parenchymal principal diactin, whole and enlarged center and ray ends. M. Floricome with enlarged primary ray end disc and terminal ray tips. N. Oxystaurasters in facial and side view; O. Oxyhexaster. P. Enlarged terminal ray end of oxystauractin. Q. Graphiocome centrum. R. Whole raphidial graphiocome terminal ray with enlargements of the proximal part.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFA436099AD7FCCD2F61FEE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261298/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261298	FIGURE 14. Aulosaccus schulzei Ijima, body and surfaces. A. In situ lateral view of whole specimen USNM xxxxx before collection. B Closer view of atrium of same specimen. C. Two faces and edge view of the largest dry fragment. D. Close-up of the dermal surface showing thick hypodermal strands supporting the loose spicule lattice. E. Closer view of the slightly disrupted dermal spicule lattice. F. Close-up of the atrial surface showing the irregular atrial lattice overlying apertures of the exhalent canals.	FIGURE 14. Aulosaccus schulzei Ijima, body and surfaces. A. In situ lateral view of whole specimen USNM xxxxx before collection. B Closer view of atrium of same specimen. C. Two faces and edge view of the largest dry fragment. D. Close-up of the dermal surface showing thick hypodermal strands supporting the loose spicule lattice. E. Closer view of the slightly disrupted dermal spicule lattice. F. Close-up of the atrial surface showing the irregular atrial lattice overlying apertures of the exhalent canals.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FFA436099AD7FCCD2F61FEE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261300/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261300	FIGURE 15. Spicules of Aulosaccus schulzei Ijima, from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Hypodermal pentactin and enlarged tangential ray end. B. Dermalia: stauractine, pentactine and hexactine forms with enlarged ray end. C. Atrialia: pentactine, stauractine and hexactine atrialia with enlarged ray end. D. Large principal diactin with enlarged ends. E. Thin regular diactin with enlarged end and middle segment. F. Short atrial diactin with enlarged end and middle segment. G. Whole solaster with inset of spherical centrum in LM, terminal ray end and disc face. H. Oxy-tip microscleres including an oxyhexactin, hemioxyhexaster, oxytriactin with short spur and enlargment of the branching area of a hemioxyhexaster. I. Whole microdiscohexaster with enlargement of a terminal ray end.	FIGURE 15. Spicules of Aulosaccus schulzei Ijima, from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Hypodermal pentactin and enlarged tangential ray end. B. Dermalia: stauractine, pentactine and hexactine forms with enlarged ray end. C. Atrialia: pentactine, stauractine and hexactine atrialia with enlarged ray end. D. Large principal diactin with enlarged ends. E. Thin regular diactin with enlarged end and middle segment. F. Short atrial diactin with enlarged end and middle segment. G. Whole solaster with inset of spherical centrum in LM, terminal ray end and disc face. H. Oxy-tip microscleres including an oxyhexactin, hemioxyhexaster, oxytriactin with short spur and enlargment of the branching area of a hemioxyhexaster. I. Whole microdiscohexaster with enlargement of a terminal ray end.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF98360A9AD7FEEB2CF9F95D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261302/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261302	FIGURE 16. Aulosaccus ijimai (Schulze), body and surfaces. A. An in situ image of the collected specimen. B. Two sides (both dermal) of the largest dry fragment. C. Close-up of the dermal surface showing thick hypodermal strands supporting the loose spicule lattice. D. Closer view of the mounted dermal spicule lattice and supporting hypodermal diactin bundles. E. Close-up of the atrial surface showing the irregular atrial lattice overlying apertures of the exhalent canals. F. Closer view of the atrial hexactin lattice.	FIGURE 16. Aulosaccus ijimai (Schulze), body and surfaces. A. An in situ image of the collected specimen. B. Two sides (both dermal) of the largest dry fragment. C. Close-up of the dermal surface showing thick hypodermal strands supporting the loose spicule lattice. D. Closer view of the mounted dermal spicule lattice and supporting hypodermal diactin bundles. E. Close-up of the atrial surface showing the irregular atrial lattice overlying apertures of the exhalent canals. F. Closer view of the atrial hexactin lattice.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF98360A9AD7FEEB2CF9F95D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261304/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261304	FIGURE 17. Spicules of Aulosaccus ijimai (Schulze) from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Dermal pinular hexactins and enlarged ray ends. B. Atrial pinular hexactin. C. Thin diactin, whole and enlarged ends and middle segment. D. Solaster (discohexaster), whole. E. Two centra of solasters in different orientations (LM). F. Terminal ray ends of solaster. G. Oxyhexaster. H. Oxyhexactin. I. enlarged ray end of oxyhexactin. J. Microdiscohexaster.	FIGURE 17. Spicules of Aulosaccus ijimai (Schulze) from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Dermal pinular hexactins and enlarged ray ends. B. Atrial pinular hexactin. C. Thin diactin, whole and enlarged ends and middle segment. D. Solaster (discohexaster), whole. E. Two centra of solasters in different orientations (LM). F. Terminal ray ends of solaster. G. Oxyhexaster. H. Oxyhexactin. I. enlarged ray end of oxyhexactin. J. Microdiscohexaster.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF9E36039AD7FE082D27FD7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261308/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261308	FIGURE 19. Caulophacus (Caulophacus) adakensis n. sp., body, surfaces and spicule network. A. An in situ image of the collected holotype. B. Two sides of the holotype (larger) and the dead stalk. C. Close-up of the lower (dermal) surface showing loose spicule lattice over inhalant canal aperture. D. Close-up of the upper (atrial) surface with larger mesh lattice over larger exhalant canal aperture. E. Cut end of stalk 15 cm below body with two large and one small longitudinal canals. F. Smooth margin between dermal and atrial surfaces. G. Main loose skeleton network of diactin bundles.	FIGURE 19. Caulophacus (Caulophacus) adakensis n. sp., body, surfaces and spicule network. A. An in situ image of the collected holotype. B. Two sides of the holotype (larger) and the dead stalk. C. Close-up of the lower (dermal) surface showing loose spicule lattice over inhalant canal aperture. D. Close-up of the upper (atrial) surface with larger mesh lattice over larger exhalant canal aperture. E. Cut end of stalk 15 cm below body with two large and one small longitudinal canals. F. Smooth margin between dermal and atrial surfaces. G. Main loose skeleton network of diactin bundles.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF9E36039AD7FE082D27FD7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261310/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261310	FIGURE 20. Spicules of Caulophacus (Caulophacus) adakensis n. sp., from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged ray ends. B. Hypoatrial pentactin, whole and enlarged ray ends. B1. Center of hypoatrial pentactin showing proximal spines. C. Two parenchymal macrohexactins with enlarged ray end. C1. Center of hypoatrial macrohexactin showing proximal spines. D. Dermal pinular hexactins, variation in form, and enlarged tangential ray end (* denotes most common form). E. Atrial pinular hexactins (* denotes most common form); all pinular hexactins to same scale. F. Diactin, whole and enlarged end and middle segments of thin and thick forms. G. Microsclere terminal ray end discs, end and side views. H. Discohexactin. I. Hemidiscohexaster. J. Discohexaster.	FIGURE 20. Spicules of Caulophacus (Caulophacus) adakensis n. sp., from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged ray ends. B. Hypoatrial pentactin, whole and enlarged ray ends. B1. Center of hypoatrial pentactin showing proximal spines. C. Two parenchymal macrohexactins with enlarged ray end. C1. Center of hypoatrial macrohexactin showing proximal spines. D. Dermal pinular hexactins, variation in form, and enlarged tangential ray end (* denotes most common form). E. Atrial pinular hexactins (* denotes most common form); all pinular hexactins to same scale. F. Diactin, whole and enlarged end and middle segments of thin and thick forms. G. Microsclere terminal ray end discs, end and side views. H. Discohexactin. I. Hemidiscohexaster. J. Discohexaster.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF9E36039AD7FE082D27FD7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261272/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261272	FIGURE 1. Map of the North Pacific Ocean showing locations of previously reported Hexactinellida collections (location numbers refer to species listed in Table 1); this study area is indicated by arrow.	FIGURE 1. Map of the North Pacific Ocean showing locations of previously reported Hexactinellida collections (location numbers refer to species listed in Table 1); this study area is indicated by arrow.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF9336069AD7FCEE2A5FFD0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261312/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261312	FIGURE 21. Acanthascus koltuni n. sp., body and surfaces. A. An in situ image of the collected holotype. B. Deck photo of the collected part of the holotype. C. Dermal (left) and atrial sides of the largest holotype fragment after drying.. D. Close-up of the outer (dermal) surface showing a delicate spicule lattice over inhalant canal aperture. E. Close-up of the inner (atrial) surface with exhalent canal open and uncovered by a spicule lattice.	FIGURE 21. Acanthascus koltuni n. sp., body and surfaces. A. An in situ image of the collected holotype. B. Deck photo of the collected part of the holotype. C. Dermal (left) and atrial sides of the largest holotype fragment after drying.. D. Close-up of the outer (dermal) surface showing a delicate spicule lattice over inhalant canal aperture. E. Close-up of the inner (atrial) surface with exhalent canal open and uncovered by a spicule lattice.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF9336069AD7FCEE2A5FFD0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261314/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261314	FIGURE 22. Spicules of Acanthascus koltuni n. sp., from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Whole dermal pentactins, stauractin and triactin, and enlarged tangential and proximal ray ends of pentactin. B. Atrial hexactin, whole and enlarged ray end. C. Whole parenchymal diactin with two enlarged ends. D. Two discoctasters, slightly damaged. E. Discoctaster terminal plume and two disc ends. F. Discoctaster centra from dermal (above) and atrial (below) locations. G. Oxyhexactin. H. Hemioxyhexaster. I. Oxyhexactin. J. Basal spines and spurs (arrowheads) on oxyhexaster. K. Basal spines on oxyhexactin.	FIGURE 22. Spicules of Acanthascus koltuni n. sp., from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Whole dermal pentactins, stauractin and triactin, and enlarged tangential and proximal ray ends of pentactin. B. Atrial hexactin, whole and enlarged ray end. C. Whole parenchymal diactin with two enlarged ends. D. Two discoctasters, slightly damaged. E. Discoctaster terminal plume and two disc ends. F. Discoctaster centra from dermal (above) and atrial (below) locations. G. Oxyhexactin. H. Hemioxyhexaster. I. Oxyhexactin. J. Basal spines and spurs (arrowheads) on oxyhexaster. K. Basal spines on oxyhexactin.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF97361A9AD7FCC12ED3FBF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261316/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261316	FIGURE 23. Staurocalyptus psilosus n. sp., body and surfaces. A. An in situ image of the collected holotype. B. Nearly complete dried holotype in front and back views. C. Oscular view of the dry holotype. D. Outer lateral surface with inhalant canals below a spicule lattice cover. E. Closer view of the inhalant canals and their lattice cover. F. The delicate lattice cover over one inhalant canal. G. Oscular margin viewed from outer (dermal) surface showing projecting prostal diactins. H. Inner atrial surface with exhalant canals covered by thick tissue lattices. I. Close-up of the lattice over one exhalant canal. J. Profile of the submarginal hypodermal pentactin veil and prostal diactins, arrow marks the oscular margin which lacks projecting spicules. K. Hypodermal pentactins with short tangential rays in the basal area near the attachment site.	FIGURE 23. Staurocalyptus psilosus n. sp., body and surfaces. A. An in situ image of the collected holotype. B. Nearly complete dried holotype in front and back views. C. Oscular view of the dry holotype. D. Outer lateral surface with inhalant canals below a spicule lattice cover. E. Closer view of the inhalant canals and their lattice cover. F. The delicate lattice cover over one inhalant canal. G. Oscular margin viewed from outer (dermal) surface showing projecting prostal diactins. H. Inner atrial surface with exhalant canals covered by thick tissue lattices. I. Close-up of the lattice over one exhalant canal. J. Profile of the submarginal hypodermal pentactin veil and prostal diactins, arrow marks the oscular margin which lacks projecting spicules. K. Hypodermal pentactins with short tangential rays in the basal area near the attachment site.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF97361A9AD7FCC12ED3FBF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261320	FIGURE 24. Spicules of Staurocalyptus psilosus n. sp., from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Whole prostal diactin and one tip enlarged. B. Hypodermal pentactins in end and lateral views, with enlarged tangential and proximal ray ends. C. Dermalia; whole pentactin and stauractin with enlarged ray ends. D. Atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end. E. Internal diactins, including short forms from hypodermal strands (left) and longer parenchymal thin and thick examples (right), with enlarged ends and an enlarged centrum of the dermal form. F. Whole examples of the two discoctaster size classes, dermal left (smaller) and atrial right (larger), with enlarged terminal ray ends and inset size-frequency plot of spicule diameters. G. Oxyhexaster with enlarged central area showing spine arrangement. H. Hemioxyhexaster. I. Oxyhexactin. J. Microdiscohexaster, whole and enlarged terminal ray ends.	FIGURE 24. Spicules of Staurocalyptus psilosus n. sp., from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Whole prostal diactin and one tip enlarged. B. Hypodermal pentactins in end and lateral views, with enlarged tangential and proximal ray ends. C. Dermalia; whole pentactin and stauractin with enlarged ray ends. D. Atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end. E. Internal diactins, including short forms from hypodermal strands (left) and longer parenchymal thin and thick examples (right), with enlarged ends and an enlarged centrum of the dermal form. F. Whole examples of the two discoctaster size classes, dermal left (smaller) and atrial right (larger), with enlarged terminal ray ends and inset size-frequency plot of spicule diameters. G. Oxyhexaster with enlarged central area showing spine arrangement. H. Hemioxyhexaster. I. Oxyhexactin. J. Microdiscohexaster, whole and enlarged terminal ray ends.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF8B361E9AD7FBE02F25FA0D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261322/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261322	FIGURE 25. Staurocalyptus tylotus n. sp., body and surfaces. A. Holotype, dry, both sides. B. Holotype, dry, terminal osculum view. C. Papillate lateral surface of holotype, dry. D. Paratype, dry, both sides. E. Paratype, closer view of oscular margin, projecting prostalia and upper atrial surface. F. Dermal surface of holotype. G. Closer view of dermal surface of holotype showing spicule lattice. H. Atrial surface of holotype with exhalant canals covered. I. Closer view of H. J. Closer view of atrial surface cover (compare with dermal surface G -- same scale).	FIGURE 25. Staurocalyptus tylotus n. sp., body and surfaces. A. Holotype, dry, both sides. B. Holotype, dry, terminal osculum view. C. Papillate lateral surface of holotype, dry. D. Paratype, dry, both sides. E. Paratype, closer view of oscular margin, projecting prostalia and upper atrial surface. F. Dermal surface of holotype. G. Closer view of dermal surface of holotype showing spicule lattice. H. Atrial surface of holotype with exhalant canals covered. I. Closer view of H. J. Closer view of atrial surface cover (compare with dermal surface G -- same scale).	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF8B361E9AD7FBE02F25FA0D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261324/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261324	FIGURE 26. Spicules of Staurocalyptus tylotus n. sp., holotype from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Whole prostal diactin and enlarged tips. B. Hypodermal pentactins in lateral views, with enlarged tangential and proximal ray ends. C. Dermalia; hexactins with short distal rays, pentactin, stauractin and enlarged ray ends. D. Atrialia, whole and enlarged ray end. E. Parenchymal diactins including enlarged ends. F. Two subdermal discoctasters not differentiated as size classes with enlarged terminal ray ends. G. Oxyhexactin, H. Hemioxyhexaster. I. Enlarged center of oxyhexactin to show spines.	FIGURE 26. Spicules of Staurocalyptus tylotus n. sp., holotype from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Whole prostal diactin and enlarged tips. B. Hypodermal pentactins in lateral views, with enlarged tangential and proximal ray ends. C. Dermalia; hexactins with short distal rays, pentactin, stauractin and enlarged ray ends. D. Atrialia, whole and enlarged ray end. E. Parenchymal diactins including enlarged ends. F. Two subdermal discoctasters not differentiated as size classes with enlarged terminal ray ends. G. Oxyhexactin, H. Hemioxyhexaster. I. Enlarged center of oxyhexactin to show spines.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF8F36159AD7F9C12CD2FC17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261326	FIGURE 27. Rhabdocalyptus mirabilis Schulze, body and surfaces. A. Specimen in situ before collection (laser spacing 10 cm). B. Two sides of main specimen after drying. C. Margin and associated prostal diactins and pentactin veil. D. Lateral body surface in profile with low conules supporting pentactins of veil; note absence of prostal diactins. E. Closer view of submarginal exterior spicules with several extreme paratropal pentactins. F. Lateral dermal surface showing apertures of inhalant canals and surface conules as small stellate figures. G. Closer view of dermal surface showing extremely fine, irregular dermal lattice between three conules. H. Atrial surface showing apertures of exhalant canals covered by loose spicule lattice. I. Closer view of atrial surface showing regular hexactin mesh with protruding distal rays. All from USNM# 1196563.	FIGURE 27. Rhabdocalyptus mirabilis Schulze, body and surfaces. A. Specimen in situ before collection (laser spacing 10 cm). B. Two sides of main specimen after drying. C. Margin and associated prostal diactins and pentactin veil. D. Lateral body surface in profile with low conules supporting pentactins of veil; note absence of prostal diactins. E. Closer view of submarginal exterior spicules with several extreme paratropal pentactins. F. Lateral dermal surface showing apertures of inhalant canals and surface conules as small stellate figures. G. Closer view of dermal surface showing extremely fine, irregular dermal lattice between three conules. H. Atrial surface showing apertures of exhalant canals covered by loose spicule lattice. I. Closer view of atrial surface showing regular hexactin mesh with protruding distal rays. All from USNM# 1196563.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
03D287B2FF8F36159AD7F9C12CD2FC17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5261328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261328	FIGURE 28. Spicules of Rhabdocalyptus mirabilis Schulze, from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Prostal paratropal hypodermal pentactins from side and top, with enlargements of proximal and distal parts of thorned tangential rays. B. Prostal paratropal hypodermal pentactin from submarginal zone with four tightly grouped tangential rays and enlargement of part of a thornless tangential ray. C. Prostal crucial hypodermal pentactin from same area, with enlarged ray end. D. Dermalia, including main diactins with enlarged ray end, irregular diactin, triactin, stauractin and monactin. E. Atrialia, whole hexactin and pentactin (rare), with enlarged distal and tangential ray tips. F. Parenchymal diactins, whole and enlarged ray tips from thinner (above) to thicker (below) forms. G. Prostal diactin, whole and enlarged middle and end. H. Discoctaster, whole and enlarged centrum and terminal ray tips. I. Oxyhexactin, whole and enlarged centrum. J. Hemioxyhexaster. K. Oxyhexaster. L. Microdiscohexaster.	FIGURE 28. Spicules of Rhabdocalyptus mirabilis Schulze, from the Aleutian Islands (SEM). A. Prostal paratropal hypodermal pentactins from side and top, with enlargements of proximal and distal parts of thorned tangential rays. B. Prostal paratropal hypodermal pentactin from submarginal zone with four tightly grouped tangential rays and enlargement of part of a thornless tangential ray. C. Prostal crucial hypodermal pentactin from same area, with enlarged ray end. D. Dermalia, including main diactins with enlarged ray end, irregular diactin, triactin, stauractin and monactin. E. Atrialia, whole hexactin and pentactin (rare), with enlarged distal and tangential ray tips. F. Parenchymal diactins, whole and enlarged ray tips from thinner (above) to thicker (below) forms. G. Prostal diactin, whole and enlarged middle and end. H. Discoctaster, whole and enlarged centrum and terminal ray tips. I. Oxyhexactin, whole and enlarged centrum. J. Hemioxyhexaster. K. Oxyhexaster. L. Microdiscohexaster.	2013-03-18	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.		Zenodo	biologists	Reiswig, Henry M.;Stone, Robert P.			
