taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D287BAFFD10F63FF31FF6DF3984002.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Larvae of P. helenae sp. n. can be separated from other Palaearctic species by the combination of characters and comparative ratios shown in Table 1. Prosopistoma helenae sp. n. clearly differs from P. oronti and P. orhanelicum by the different number of antennal segments and the number of setae on right mandible (Table 1). The shape of carapace is similar in these species (Fig. 1), wider than long. However, the median part of posterior margin of carapace is convex in P. orhanelicum comparing to concave margin in P. helenae sp. n. and P. oronti and the ornamentation of the carapace is indistinct in P. helenae and P. orhanelicum comparing to distinct four-spotted dark brown ornamentation on anterior half of the carapace in P. oronti (Fig. 1). Absence of ornamentation on the carapace of P. helenae was apparent also on fresh material in 1989, when it was examined for the first time. The number of pectinate spines on foretibiae in older larvae is similar in P. helenae sp. n. and P. oronti and higher in P. orhanelicum. based on material described in Thomas et al. (1988): 23 larvae and parts on slides; Liban, l'Aouali au pont (Jisr) Bisri, v. – ix. 1979 – 1980; A. Dia leg., coll. T. Soldán based on literature data (Dalkıran 2009) Larvae of P. helenae sp. n. have the same number of antennal segments reaching anterior margin of head as those of P. pennigerum, although antennal segment III is shorter in P. helenae sp. n. (Table 1). At a glance, they differed by the shape and ornamentation of carapace and abdominal segments VII – X. Carapace of P. helenae sp. n. is distinctly wider than long, with wide flange and apparently concave medial part of posterior margin, and without ornamentation (Figs 1, 2). Abdominal segments VII – IX have clearly round posterior margins and narrow apical parts of their lateral processes (Figs 1 F, 6 A). In contrast, the carapace of P. pennigerum is longer than wide, with narrower flange and only shallowly concave medial part of posterior margin (Figs 1 C, 6 D). Its ornamentation is typical, with darker orange-brown lateral parts of carapace and darker parts above wing pads forming two lobes forwards (Fig. 1 C). This pattern is apparent also on younger larvae. Abdominal segments VII – IX have angular posterior margins and wide apical parts of their lateral processes (Fig. 6 D). Further, they have different shape of the apical part of gill I, rounded in P. helenae sp. n. and extended to a lobe in P. pennigerum, and slightly different shape of gill II (Fig. 5). P. helenae sp. n. has fewer pectinate spines on foretibiae than P. pennigerum.	en	Bojková, Jindřiška, Soldán, Tomáš (2015): Two new species of the genus Prosopistoma (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from Iraq and Algeria. Zootaxa 4018 (1): 109-123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.6
03D287BAFFD10F63FF31FF6DF3984002.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: older larva (parts on slides); Iraq, Mosul Province, Tigris River in Mosul; 36 ° 19 ' 54.3 " N, 43 ° 09 ' 04.6 " E, 190 m a. s. l.; 29. – 30. ix. 1989; T. Soldán leg. Paratypes: 12 larvae and parts on slides from the same locality as holotype. The material is deposited in the collection of Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. Type locality. Prosopistoma helenae sp. n. was collected in the Tigris River in Mosul near the bridge where the river channel was relatively wide (150 – 200 m) and formed islands, lagoons and short lateral channels (Fig. 7 A). Larvae were not collected in the habitats with slow and uniform flow prevailing in the main channel of the river, but only in riffles and swift flow below an impoundment on lateral channel (Fig. 7 B). The lateral channel was about 15 – 20 m wide and about 20 – 40 cm deep (max. depth about 1 m) with medium current velocity and turbid water. Larvae lived predominantly under cobbles sparsely overgrown with green algae, accompanied by larvae of Labiobaetis sp., Baetis gr. fuscatus, Serratella ignita and Caenis cf. luctuosa (no Heptageniidae or Leptophlebiidae were found).	en	Bojková, Jindřiška, Soldán, Tomáš (2015): Two new species of the genus Prosopistoma (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from Iraq and Algeria. Zootaxa 4018 (1): 109-123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.6
03D287BAFFD10F63FF31FF6DF3984002.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Helen Barber-James (Grahamstown, South Africa), an expert and enthusiast on the family Prosopistomatidae.	en	Bojková, Jindřiška, Soldán, Tomáš (2015): Two new species of the genus Prosopistoma (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from Iraq and Algeria. Zootaxa 4018 (1): 109-123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.6
03D287BAFFD70F6FFF31F8C0F2D6415D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Larvae of P. alaini sp. n. can be told apart from other Palaearctic species by the combination of characters and comparative ratios shown in Table 1. Carapace of Prosopistoma alaini sp. n. is wider than long like in P. orhanelicum, P. oronti and P. helenae sp. n., but with weakly concave, almost straight, medial part of posterior margin and posterior margin of carapace gently slopes rearwards covering anterior half of abdominal segment VII (Figs 1, 6). Unlike P. oronti and P. pennigerum, it has no distinct ornamentation. The number of antennal segments is higher than in P. pennigerum, P. helenae sp. n. and P. oronti and despite high number of antennal segments, antennae do not reach anterior margin of head (Fig. 7 A). Further, P. alaini sp. n. differs in the number of setae on right mandible and pectinate spines on foretibiae (Table 1). Larvae of P. alaini sp. n. are the most similar to those of P. orhanelicum; common features include the number of antennal segments not reaching anterior margin of head, no distinct ornamentation on carapace and angular abdominal segments VII – IX (Table 1). P. alaini sp. n. has more setae on right mandible, different shape of inner canine of mandible (short and wide apical teeth) and gill I (lamella with extended apex and much less rich branching; Fig. 5), and almost straight posterior margin of carapace (comparing to convex carapace of P. orhanelicum, Fig. 6). The number of spines on foretibiae is high in both species, but probably higher in P. alaini sp. n. Mature larva of P. alaini sp. n. has eight thick pectinate spines that are followed by six or seven thin setae in the proximal third of foretibiae (Fig. 9). Mature larva of P. orhanelicum has up to nine, rarely ten, spines which are both pectinate and simple according to Dalkıran (2009) (six thick pectinate spines followed by several simple thin spines were depicted).	en	Bojková, Jindřiška, Soldán, Tomáš (2015): Two new species of the genus Prosopistoma (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from Iraq and Algeria. Zootaxa 4018 (1): 109-123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.6
03D287BAFFD70F6FFF31F8C0F2D6415D.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: mature larva (parts on slides); Oued Isser, Sidi Abdelli; 300 m a. s. l., 16. vi. 1982; J. Gagneur leg. Grid reference of the type locality is not available. Paratypes: 1 mature larva and 1 mature larva on slides from the same locality as holotype. Deposited in the collection of Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.	en	Bojková, Jindřiška, Soldán, Tomáš (2015): Two new species of the genus Prosopistoma (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from Iraq and Algeria. Zootaxa 4018 (1): 109-123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.6
03D287BAFFD70F6FFF31F8C0F2D6415D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Alain G. B. Thomas (Toulouse, France), an outstanding expert on the North African aquatic fauna and mayflies in general.	en	Bojková, Jindřiška, Soldán, Tomáš (2015): Two new species of the genus Prosopistoma (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from Iraq and Algeria. Zootaxa 4018 (1): 109-123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.6
03D287BAFFD70F6FFF31F8C0F2D6415D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Prosopistoma alaini sp. n. is known only from Oued Isser in Algeria. Material collected in Oued Tizguid near Ifrane in the Middle Atlas Mountains in Morocco (Touabay et al. 2002) could belong to this species as well. We visited Oued Tizguid below Ifrane in May 2014, however, we did not find any specimen of Prosopistoma there. The species could be extirpated due to strong water pollution there.	en	Bojková, Jindřiška, Soldán, Tomáš (2015): Two new species of the genus Prosopistoma (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from Iraq and Algeria. Zootaxa 4018 (1): 109-123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.6
03D287BAFFDB0F68FF31F925F33342F9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 2 larvae (one dissected); Portugal, Río Támega, Frariz; 28. ix. 1983; L. S. W. Da Terra leg. 3 larvae (two dissected for study of internal organs in Landa 1969 a); Hungary, Maros River; Szeged; M. Straškraba leg. 1 larva (on slides); France (Dept. Haute-Garonne), Garonne River above Cavaletade (Toulouse); July 1928; R. Despax leg. Deposited in the collection of V. Landa, Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.	en	Bojková, Jindřiška, Soldán, Tomáš (2015): Two new species of the genus Prosopistoma (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from Iraq and Algeria. Zootaxa 4018 (1): 109-123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.6
