identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D087A2FFADFFC638DFFE0BFBAF6DA1.text	03D087A2FFADFFC638DFFE0BFBAF6DA1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) amardus Zamani & Hosseini 2019	<div><p>Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) amardus sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1, 2, 4; Table 1)</p><p>Type material. HOLOTYPE: Male, IRAN: GUILAN PROVINCE: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.2/lat 37.7)">Masal</a> (37°42´N 49°12´E, 53m), M. Zamani, lgt. 25.III.2017 . PARATYPES: 2♂, same information as holotype. The holotype and paratypes are deposited in the insect collection of the Natural History Museum of the University of Guilan (UGNHM), Rasht, Iran .</p><p>Diagnosis: The new species is recognized by the following combination of characters: body brownish, mottled with dark brown markings, length 6.1 – 7.02 mm; ocular index 0.82–0.93; 1 st antennomere 1.17–1.2x and 2 nd anten- nomere 2.66–2.76x longer than head width, 2 nd antennomere 1.83–1.87x longer than posterior width of pronotum; labium surpassing beyond metacoxa and extending to the middle of abdomen; scutellum stramineous, medially with a pair of dark brown stripes; pygophore without tubercle; left paramere somewhat C-shaped, sensory lobe weakly developed, apophysis apically pointed; right paramere laterally with a dentate ridge, apophysis pointed; spiculum boat shaped.</p><p>Description. Male. Colouration: body stramineous to light brown mottled with abundant dark brown markings. Head: whitish with reddish to dark brown markings; frons laterally with several transverse dark brown arcs; distal half of clypeus almost dark brown to blackish; mandibular and maxillary plates dark brown. Eyes: greyish or black. Antenna: first antennomere stramineous, mottled with abundant dark brown markings; second and third antennomeres dark brown, proximally whitish; fourth antennomere dark brown (Figs 1A, C). Labium: first and second segments stramineous, others dark brown. Thorax: collar stramineous with a pair of large dark brown markings; callosite region stramineous to light brown, mottled with reddish to dark brown markings; pronotum brownish with 3 dark brown markings (4 in paratypes), posteriorly with an undulating transverse interrupted dark brown stripe, posterior margin stramineous; mesoscutum stramineous medially with a pair of large and laterally with a small dark brown markings. Scutellum: stramineous to light brown, anteromedially with a pair of dark brown stripes. Thoracic pleura: mostly dark brown; lateral margins, metathoracic scent gland evaporative area and peritreme stramineous (Fig. 1C). Hemelytra: stramineous, mottled with abundant dark brown markings; distal end of embolium and cuneus dark brown; membrane veins stramineous. Legs: coxa, femora and tibia stramineous, with reddish and dark brown line-shape markings; tarsi dark brown. Abdomen: dark brown.</p><p>Vestiture: covered with mixture of adpressed whitish and blackish setae. Head, Labium, Thoracic pleura: with adpressed whitish setae. Antenna: first antennomere with adpressed blackish setae along with a few whitish bristlelike setae; second to fourth antennomeres with adpressed whitish setae. Legs: coxa and tarsi with adpressed whitish setae; femora with mixture of adpressed whitish and blackish setae along with a few trichobotria; tibia with mixture of adpressed whitish and blackish setae along with dark brown spines.</p><p>1 AS: Antennal segment</p><p>Texture: impunctate. Head: frons with several shallow transverse furrows interrupted in the middle, in some specimens indistinct; depression between frons and clypeus distinct.</p><p>Structure: body length 6.1–7.02 mm, narrow and subparallel side. Head: higher than long in lateral view (Fig. 4A); width across the eyes 1.07–1.14 mm; interocular distance 0.32–0.34 mm; gula short; baccula narrow. Eyes: large, elongated oval, occupying more than two-thirds of head capsule in lateral view, usually contiguous to anterior margin of pronotum, oriented vertically, width of eyes 0.36–0.38 mm; ocular index 0.82–0.93. Antenna: margin of fossula spong touching margin of eyes; antenna longer than body length; first antennomere long, length 1.26–1.37 mm, 1.17–1.2x head width, 3.6–4.2x interocular distance; second antennomere length 2.98–3.09 mm, 2.6–2.7x head width, 1.8x posterior width of pronotum; third antennomere length 1.55 mm; fourth antennomere length 0.71 mm. Labium: surpassing beyond metacoxa and extending to the middle of abdomen; labrum reaching middle of first labial segment. Thorax: trapezoidal; collar broad, length 0.11 mm; delimited by straight suture; calli indistinct; length of pronotum (dorsal view) 0.68–0.75 mm, posterior width 1.62–1.67 mm; posterior margin of pronotum straight; humeral angles rounded; mesoscutum broadly exposed. Scutellum: slightly convex, length 0.8–0.89 mm, anterior width 0.84–0.91 mm. Hemelytra: largely surpassing apex of abdomen; claval commissure 1.8x longer than scutellum; R+M distinct, almost reaching cuneal fracture; medial fracture distinct, not reaching middle of corial length; embolium narrow; costal margin straight; cuneus triangular, 1.5– 2x longer than basal width, inner margin straight, 1.2x longer than scutellum. Legs: coxa contiguous; fore and mesofemora straight, metafemora longer and medially expanded; foretibia 1.8–1.9x longer than combined head and pronotum; tarsal segments linear; first tarsomere shorter than others; parampodia lamellate; claw rounded; pulvilli narrow.</p><p>Male Genitalia: pygophore without tubercle; genital opening directed dorsally; left paramere somewhat Cshaped, dorsally with long setae, sensory lobe weakly developed, lateral margin with tubercles or fine teeth, apophysis forming almost right angle with paramere stem, apically pointed (Figs 2A, B); right paramere with a few long setae, laterally with a dentate ridge, apophysis pointed (Figs 2C, D); endosoma with small membranous lobes (two of them dentate) and an elongated boat shaped spiculum; secondary gonopore moderately large, thickened and triangular, placed medially, ductus seminis broad, tubular and sclerotized, without distinct coils (Figs 2E, F).</p><p>Female: unknown.</p><p>Etymology: The species is named after “Amardus”, an ancient river in Media region (today Sefid-Rud river located in Guilan province); noun in apposition.</p><p>Collection circumstances. The species was collected by light trap.</p><p>Distribution. Iran (Guilan province).</p><p>Differential diagnosis: Based on boat-shaped spiculum, the new species belongs to the dashtanus speciesgroup of the subgenus Compsocerocoris . Phytocoris amardus sp. nov. is close to Ph. dashtanus Linnavuori &amp; Hosseini, 1998, recognized by the 1 st antennal segment/ head width across the eyes ratio: 1.17–1.2 (in Ph. dashtanus 1.5–1.6 ♂; see Linnavuori 1999), ocular index 0.82–0.93 (in Ph. dashtanus 1.28 ♂; see Linnavuori 1999), sensory lobe of left paramere weakly developed (well developed in Ph. dashtanus), right paramere subapically constricted, laterally with a dentate ridge, sensory lobe obscure, apex of apophysis sclerotized (right paramere not as above, sensory lobe developed and dentate in Ph. dashtanus; see Linnavuori 1999)(Fig. 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087A2FFADFFC638DFFE0BFBAF6DA1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zamani, Mozhgan;Hosseini, Reza	Zamani, Mozhgan, Hosseini, Reza (2019): Two new species of the genus Phytocoris (Hemiptera: Miridae), with a revised identification key to species of the subgenus Compsocerocoris found in Iran. Zootaxa 4648 (1): 130-140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.6
03D087A2FFA8FFCA38DFF9C3FF0E6A79.text	03D087A2FFA8FFCA38DFF9C3FF0E6A79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) hyrcaniaensis Zamani & Hosseini 2019	<div><p>Phytocoris (Compsocerocoris) hyrcaniaensis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1, 3, 4; Table 1)</p><p>Type material: HOLOTYPE: Male, IRAN, GUILAN PROVINCE: Talabon (36°75´N 50°30´E, 1279 m), M. Zamani, sweeping. 7.VII.2017 . PARATYPES: 8♂, same information as holotype. The holotype and paratypes are deposited in the insect collection of the Natural History Museum of the University of Guilan (UGNHM), Rasht, Iran. One paratype will be deposited at the Hayk-Mirzayans Insect Museum (HMIM) in Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Tehran, Iran .</p><p>Diagnosis: The new species is recognized by the following combination of characters: body stramineous with dark brown markings, length 5 – 5.5 mm; eyes very large; ocular index 1.2–1.3; 1 st antennomere 1.13–1.26x and 2 nd antennomere 2.3–2.7x longer than head width, 2 nd antennomere 1.66–1.85x longer than posterior width of pronotum; labium surpassing metacoxa, pygophore without tubercle; left paramere somewhat T-shaped, sensory lobe dentate, apophysis twisted; right paramere dorsally dentate, apophysis small and sclerotized; spiculum boat shaped.</p><p>Description. Male. Colouration: body stramineous with dark brown markings. Head: whitish to stramineous; vertex sometimes with small faint reddish spots; frons laterally with transverse reddish arcs; distal half of clypeus almost dark brown to blackish; baccula, mandibular and maxillary plates with a transverse dark brown marking. Eyes: mostly black. Antenna: first antennomere whitish mottled with dark brown markings; second antennomere light brown, proximally whitish, distally dark brown; third antennomere dark brown, proximally whitish; fourth antennomere dark brown (Figs 1B, D). Labium: stramineous, last segment blackish. Thorax: stramineous to light brown; collar with a pair of large reddish brown markings; callosite region sometimes with irregular small reddish brown spots; in some paratypes pronotum sometimes with 3–4 brown markings, posteriorly with transverse undulating dark brown stripe, posterior margin stramineous; mesoscutum stramineous, medially with pair of small brown markings. Scutellum: entirely stramineous. Thoracic pleura: whitish; mesoepisternum dark brown; metapleuron dark brown (Fig. 1D). Hemelytra: stramineous to light brown, outer part of clavus and inter part of corium mottled with dark brown markings; distal end of embolium dark brown; inner margin of cuneus with two dark brown markings, its apex dark brown; membrane stramineous, mottled with brownish spots. Legs: stramineous; fore and mesofemora mottled with dark brown markings, metafemora proximally whitish, reminder mostly dark brown mottled with whitish spots (in some paratypes mottled with intermix of dark brown and whitish spots); tibiae mottled with dark brown markings, foretibia distally black; tarsi almost dark brown. Abdomen: stramineous, mottled with fin reddish spots, sublaterally with dark brown markings, pygophore dark brown, posterodorsally stramineous.</p><p>Vestiture: covered with mixture of adpressed whitish and blackish setae. Head: vertex with adpressed whitish and a few blackish setae, setae on gula semierect. Antenna: first antennomere with adpressed black setae along with a few whitish bristle-like setae; second to fourth antennomeres with small adpressed whitish setae. Thorax: setae on collar semierect. Legs: femora with mixture distribution of adpressed whitish and blackish setae along with a few trichobotria; tibia with adpressed black setae along with long brown spines; tarsi with adpressed whitish setae. Abdomen: covered with adpressed whitish setae.</p><p>Texture: impunctate. Head: frons with several shallow transverse furrows interrupted in middle, in some specimens indistinct; depression between frons and clypeus shallow.</p><p>Structure: body length 5–5.5 mm, small and parallel side. Head: width across the eyes 0.96–1.03 mm; interocular distance 0.38 mm; gula moderately short; baccula narrow. Eyes: very large, elongated oval, occupying more than two-thirds of head capsule in lateral view, contiguous to anterior margin of pronotum, oriented vertically, width of eye 0.29–0.32 mm; ocular index 1.2–1.3. Antenna: margin of fossula spong touching margin of eyes; antenna slightly longer than body length; first antennomere long, length 1.16–1.21 mm, 1.13–1.23x head width, 3–3.1x interocular distance; second antennomere length 2.4–2.63 mm, 2.3–2.7x head width, 1.66–1.85x posterior width of pronotum; third antennomere length 1.19–1.28 mm; fourth antennomere length 1.14 mm. Labium: apex surpassing metacoxa, sometimes reaching pygophore; labrum extending middle of first labial segment. Pronotum: trapezoidal; collar almost broad, length 0.09–0.11 mm, anterior width 0.59–0.61 mm, delimited by straight suture; calli indistinct; length of pronotum (dorsal view) 0.61–0.71 mm, posterior width 1.37–1.44 mm; posterior margin of pronotum straight; humeral angles rounded; mesoscutum broadly exposed. Scutellum: almost flat, length 0.57–0.61 mm, anterior width 0.66–0.68 mm. Hemelytra: claval commissure almost 2x longer than scutellum; R+M distinct, reaching cuneal fracture; medial fracture distinct, reaching middle of corial length; embolium narrow; costal margin straight; cuneus triangular, 1.6–1.8x longer than basal width, 1.4x longer than scutellum. Legs: coxa contiguous; fore and mesofemora straight, metafemora longer and medially expanded; foretibia 1.3x longer than combined head and pronotum length; tarsal segments linear; first tarsomere shorter than other segments, second and third tarsomeres subequal in length; parampodia lamellate; claw rounded; pulvilli narrow.</p><p>Male Genitalia: pygophore without tubercle; left paramere T-shaped, exposed from ventral view, sensory lobe strongly developed, marginally dentate (two median teeth stronger and larger, reminder small), apically with a slender, upward, marginally dentate process, apophysis gracile and twisted (Figs 3A, B); right paramere sinuate, dorsally dentate, apophysis small and sclerotized (Figs 3C, D); endosoma with membrane lobe and a single spiculum, membrane lobe with finely dentate area, spiculum boat shaped, elongated, large and stout; secondary gonopore large, rounded, placed medially; ductus seminis sclerotized, broad, tubular and short, without distinct coils (Figs 3E, F).</p><p>Female: unknown.</p><p>Etymology: The species name is derived from “Hyrcanian forest” an ancient biogeographical region located in the south of the Caspian Sea, from where the holotype and paratypes were collected.</p><p>Collection circumstances. The species was collected on herbaceous plants in hilly slope.</p><p>Distribution. Iran (Guilan province).</p><p>Differential diagnosis: Based on boat-shaped spiculum, the new species belongs to the dashtanus group of the subgenus Compsocerocoris . Phytocoris hyrcaniaensis sp. nov. resembles Ph. moestus Reuter, 1903, but it is easily distinguished by its male genitalia. In Ph. moestus sensory lobe of left paramere is well developed, narrow and edentate, without process, right paramere edentate and apophysis of left paramere is broader and almost straight (Fig. 5N), ocular index 0.98–1.06, and 2 nd antennal segment/posterior margin of pronotum, 1.94–2.1 (see Linnavuori 1999).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087A2FFA8FFCA38DFF9C3FF0E6A79	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zamani, Mozhgan;Hosseini, Reza	Zamani, Mozhgan, Hosseini, Reza (2019): Two new species of the genus Phytocoris (Hemiptera: Miridae), with a revised identification key to species of the subgenus Compsocerocoris found in Iran. Zootaxa 4648 (1): 130-140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.6
03D087A2FFA4FFCB38DFFAB7FA726C15.text	03D087A2FFA4FFCB38DFFAB7FA726C15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytocoris Fallen 1814	<div><p>Key of the Iranian species of Phytocoris subgenus Compsocerocoris (based on male), modified from Linnavuori (1999), Hosseini &amp; Mohammadi (2019)</p><p>1 Spiculum dentate..................................................................................... 2</p><p>- Spiculum variable (boat, trough, serrate knife and scoop shape)................................................ 10</p><p>2 Small species, length about 4.5–5.7 mm. Body robust, 3.0–3.6× posterior width of pronotum......................... 3</p><p>- Larger and more elongate species (&gt; 5.7 mm), body 3.5–4× posterior width of pronotum............................. 7</p><p>3 2 nd antennal segment brownish, medially and proximally with a whitish to stramineous ring.......................... 4</p><p>- 2 nd antennal segment pale yellow–brown, proximally with a whitish to stramineous ring.............................. 5</p><p>4 Length 4.5–5mm. Ocular index 1.6–1.64. 2 nd antennal segment 1.7–1.8× head width across the eyes (in dorsal view). Left paramere gracile, only the very apex of apophysis triangularly expanded (Fig. 5X). Spiculum (Fig. 5Y) with 12 teeth...................................................................................... Ph. arakhne Linnavuori, 1999</p><p>- Length 5.75 mm. Ocular index 1.12–1.22. 2 nd antennal segment 2.1× head width across the eyes (in dorsal view). Apical margin of mesocorium and inner margin of cuneus reddish. Left paramere T–shaped with broad prominent sensory lobe (Fig. 5R). Spiculum (Fig. 5Q) with 5 teeth................................................. Ph. minabanus Linnavuori, 1999</p><p>5 Eyes small, ocular index 1.93–2.14. Frons strongly convex. Left paramere in lateral view longer, apophysis with a broader apex (Fig. 5P). Spiculum (Fig. 5O) with 9 teeth.......................................... Ph. mirzanus Linnavuori, 2006</p><p>- Eyes large, ocular index 1.4 –1.54......................................................................... 6</p><p>6 Body 3× longer than posterior width of pronotum, 2 nd antennal segment 2.41–2.45× head width across the eyes (in dorsal view). Left paramere in lateral view shorter with apex of apophysis narrower (Fig. 5K). Spiculum (Fig. 5J) trough–shaped with 13 teeth....................................................................... Ph. amygdali Linnavuori, 1999</p><p>- Body 3.45× longer than posterior width of pronotum. 2 nd antennal segment 2.65× head width across the eyes (in dorsal view). Spiculum (Fig. 5S) with 25 teeth.................................... Ph. darakiensis Hosseini &amp; Mohammadi, 2019 7 Pygophore tuberculate................................................................................. 8</p><p>- Pygophore not tuberculate.............................................................................. 9</p><p>8 Length 6.25 mm. Apophysis of left paramere with a distinct dentate ridge (Fig. 5G). Right style narrow, edentate (Fig. 5F). Ocular index 1.5. Spiculum (Fig. 5H) with 19 teeth................................. Ph. dentistylus Linnavuori, 1999</p><p>- Length 6–6.5 mm. Apophysis of left paramere long and slender, with a small dentate sensory lobe (Fig. 5E). Right paramere dentate (Fig. 5C). Ocular index 1.25–1.35. Spiculum (Fig.5D) with 15 teeth................... Ph. stysi Linnavuori, 2008</p><p>9 Length 6.5 mm, ocular index 0.94–1.3, body 3.5× longer than posterior width of pronotum. Spiculum (Fig. 5U) strongly twisted, apical part with 12, basal part with 6 teeth................................... Ph. strigilifer Linnavuori, 1965</p><p>- Length 5.5–6.75 mm, ocular index 1.2–1.45, body 4× longer than posterior width of pronotum, spiculum (Fig. 5V) with 16 teeth..................................................................... Ph. sahragardi Linnavuori, 2006</p><p>10 Pygophore with a horn-like process (Fig. 5A), endosoma with narrowly boat-shaped spiculum and marginally coarsely dentate lobe (Fig. 5B)............................................................... Ph. monoceros Linnavuori, 1999</p><p>- Pygophore with a short tubercle on the left side (Fig. 5C), endosoma not as above................................. 11</p><p>11 Body large (7.75–8 mm), ocular index 1.02–1.2, spiculum trough shaped (Fig. 5W)....... Ph. hoberlandti Linnavuori, 1999</p><p>- Body small (5.2–5.75mm), ocular index 1.44–1.51, spiculum scoop-shaped, with several longitudinal chitinized bands (Fig. 5T).......................................................................... Ph. paghmanus Reuter, 1903</p><p>12 Ocular index&gt; 1.3................................................................................... 13</p><p>- Ocular index ≤ 1.3................................................................................... 14</p><p>13 Body darker, width/length of pronotum ratio 1.7–1.75, spiculum boat-shaped (Fig. 5I)............ Ph. falcatus Reuter, 1903</p><p>- Body paler, width/length of pronotum ratio 1.9–2.2, spiculum serrate-knife shape, with 21 teeth (Fig. 5L)............................................................................................ Ph. bavanus Linnavuori, 2009</p><p>14 Left paramere T-shaped............................................................................... 15</p><p>- Left paramere not T-shaped............................................................................ 17</p><p>15 Spiculum serrate-knife shape, with 11 teeth (Fig. 5M)................................... Ph. thisbe Linnavuori, 1999</p><p>- Spiculum boat-shaped................................................................................ 16</p><p>16 Length 6.7–7.2 mm, 1 st antennal segment distinctly longer than head width across the eyes, sensory lobe of left paramere edentate, apophysis broader and almost straight (Fig. 5N)...................................... Ph. moestus Reuter, 1903</p><p>- Length 5–5.5 mm, 1 st antennal as long as head width across the eyes, sensory lobe of left paramere dentate, apophysis hookshaped (Figs 1B, D; 3 A–F)................................................... Phytocoris hyrcaniaensis sp. nov.</p><p>17 Body larger (7.5 mm), ocular index 1.28, 1 st antennal segment 1.54 times as long as head width across the eyes............................................................................. Ph. dashtanus Linnavuori &amp; Hosseini, 1998</p><p>- Body smaller (6.1–7 mm), ocular index 0.82–0.93, 1 st antennal segment 1.1–1.2 times as long as head width across the eyes (Figs 1A, C; 2 A–F).............................................................. Phytocoris amardus sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087A2FFA4FFCB38DFFAB7FA726C15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zamani, Mozhgan;Hosseini, Reza	Zamani, Mozhgan, Hosseini, Reza (2019): Two new species of the genus Phytocoris (Hemiptera: Miridae), with a revised identification key to species of the subgenus Compsocerocoris found in Iran. Zootaxa 4648 (1): 130-140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.6
