taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D08506FF9573177A1D0CCA093AFDE0.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1012.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9573177A1D0CCA093AFDE0.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Sea crocodiles’. Thalatto- is from the classical Ancient Greek (θᾰ ́ λᾰ ́ ττᾰ ́, thálatta) for sea. Suchus is the Neo-Latinized form of the Greek Soukhos (σοῦΧος), which appears to have been the name of an individual tamed crocodile that lived in Arsinoite nome, in Ancient Egypt (Larcher 1844: 286 on Herodotus’ journey through Late Period Ancient Egypt). ‘ Sonchis’ was used to refer to the tamed crocodiles that lived in Arsinoite nome (Larcher 1844: 286), although Larcher also quoted Damascius in stating that the Ancient Egyptians used ‘ sonchis’ to refer to a species of crocodile (as two species of crocodile lived in Egypt at that time). Larcher (1844: 286) considered Herodotus’ use of ‘ champsa’ to be the generic Egyptian term for crocodile. However, Anonymous (1821: 160) noted that ‘ Herodotus must have been a very imperfect master of the Egyptian language. In no instance does he write accurately an Egyptian name’. The suffix - suchus is today used to refer to crocodiles, crocodylian relatives, or crocodylian analogues. The Neo-Latin suffix - ia denotes an abstract noun of feminine grammatical gender.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9573177A1D0CCA093AFDE0.taxon	description	Geological range Early Jurassic (Hettangian – Sinemurian) to Early Cretaceous (earliest Aptian) (von Huene and Maubeuge 1952, 1954, Gasparini 1985, Godefroit 1994, Gasparini et al. 2000, Chiarenza et al. 2015, Sachs et al. 2020, Hicham et al. 2023). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Crocodylomorpha containing Macrospondylus bollensis (Jäger 1828) and Thalattosuchus superciliosus (Blainville in Eudes-Deslongchamps, 1852), but not Protosuchus richardsoni Brown, 1933, Notosuchus terrestris Woodward, 1896, Peirosaurus tormini Price, 1955, Anteophthalmosuchus hooleyi Salisbury and Naish, 2011, Deltasuchus motherali Adams et al., 2017, Pholidosaurus schaumburgensis von Meyer, 1841, Dyrosaurus phosphaticus (Thomas, 1893), and Crocodylus niloticus (Laurenti, 1768). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9573177A1D0CCA093AFDE0.taxon	diagnosis	PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (11): loss of planar skull table morphology (reversal to non-crocodyliform and non-hallopodid condition) (185.0); lack of longitudinal groove on the squamosal (shared with Iharkutosuchus, reversal from the crocodyliform condition) (250.0); temporal bars oblique and anteriorly convergent, giving the skull roof a trapezoidal outline in dorsal view (shared with Dyrosauroidea, paralligatorids, and numerous other acquisitions within Notosuchia and Neosuchia) (255: 1); paroccipital process with a proportionally robust, thickened lateral / ventrolateral edge (shared with Goniopholididae, Tethysuchia, Paralligatoridae, Bernissartiidae, Hylaeochampsidae, and Allodaposuchidae) (416: 1); large region of the exoccipitals exposed ventral to the paroccipital processes (shared with Protosuchidae, Notochampsidae, Notosuchidae, and Sphagesauridae) (433: 1); proötic exposed in dorsal view within the supratemporal fossa (reversal to the non-crocodyliform condition) (443.0); lack of contact between the laterosphenoid and quadrate (reversal to non-crocodyliform and non-hallopodid condition) (470.0); quadrate anteroventral process free of bony attachment along its anteromedial surface, but contacts the pterygoid ventrally (472.2); tympanic membrane fossa restricted to the posterolateral corner of the skull (477.1); retroarticular process is triangular in shape (shared with the notosuchian Araripesuchus tsangatsangana, the goniopholidid Sunosuchus, the pholidosaurids Sarcosuchus and Terminonaris, the paralligatorid Kansajasuchus, Bernissartiidae, Susisuchidae, and Eusuchia) (571: 0); absence of laminar presacral hypapophyses (optimization of character unclear) (688.0). Potentially diagnostic characters The following 46 characters are diagnostic for Plagiophthalmosu chus + Neothalattosuchia but cannot be scored for Turnersuchus. Therefore all, or a subset thereof, could be diagnostic for Thalattosuchia. However, without more complete specimens from the pre-Toarcian, these characters could also define the Pla giophthalmosuchus + Neothalattosuchia clade. Maxilla conspicuously ornamented with pits and grooves (18.3); anteroposterior elongation (36.1) and sub-horizontal orientation of the pituitary fossa chamber (37.1); enlargement of the cerebral carotid and orbital vasculature canals (43.1); hypertrophy of the transverse dural venous sinuses (44.2); stapedial-temporoorbital vasculature canals enlarged (45.1); dorsal alveolar canals posteriorly start off being medial to the maxillary alveoli, and shift to a dorsomedial position (48.1); internal antorbital sinus diverticula do not invade the maxilla surrounding the posterior alveoli (i. e. the cavity is a simple tube) (50.1); the palatal processes of the maxillae are apneumatic (53.0); pharyngotympanic diverticula reduced and largely confluent (66.2); subtympanic portion of the infundibular diverticulum cavity reduced / confluent with the pharyngotympanic sinus (68.2); absenceofsubtympanicforamina (sharedwithearly diverging crocodylomorphs and dyrosaurids) (70.0); absence of cavities for the quadrate diverticula (72.0) along with the absence of foramina aërum (73.0); otoccipital diverticula restricted to the ventral half of the otoccipital (78.1); proötic diverticula reduced (81.1); absence of intertympanic diverticula cavities (84.0); presence of intranarial fossa (111.1); premaxilla contributes less than 25 % of total rostrum length (reversal in Metriorhynchidae) (120.0); premaxilla and nasals not in contact in dorsal view (shared with Meridiosaurus and Gavialis) (134.1 – 3); nasal anterior margins terminate posterior to the third maxillary alveoli (shared with Pholidosauridae) (136.0); anterior margins of the nasals are triangular, with the lateral margins being strongly confluent anteriorly (shared with Notosuchia) (137.0); maxillae ventral margins are straight (shared with Pholidosauridae, Dyrosauridae, and Gavialoidea) (146.0); antorbital cavity closer to the alveolar margin than to the orbit, or equidistant (177.1); frontoparietal fossa forms a ‘ flat platform’ on the dorsal surface of the frontal (reversal to non-crocodyliform and non-hallopodid condition) (191.1); postorbital is longer than the squamosal (shared with Sphenosuchus and Almadasuchus) (240.1); postorbital forms at least 50 % of the supratemporal bar (shared with Sphenosuchus, Almadasuchus, most European goniopholidids, some dyrosaurids, and Crocodylidae) (241.1); upper temporal bar ventrally displaced relative to the intertemporal bar, coincident with the horizontal plane, and rotated, with the dorsal surface exposed laterally and the ventral surface medially (257.1); absence of palpebrals (264.0); lateral surface of the postorbital bar only formed by the postorbital, with the jugal exposed on the medial surface of the bar (315.1); in the postorbital bar, the postorbital is lateral to the jugal (shared with Mahajangasuchus) (316.2); dorsal end of the postorbital bar broadens dorsally, being continuous with the dorsal part of the postorbital (reversal in Metriorhynchidae) (318.0); anterior border of the suborbital fenestra forms a sharp angle, forming a notch (339.1); presence of paired longitudinal palatal grooves on the maxillae and palatines (356.1); increase in size of the carotid foramina (reversal in the unnamed Chinese teleosauroid, Indosinosuchus potamosiamensis, and Machimosaurus buffetauti) (428.1); cranioquadrate canal enclosed by the squamosal laterally, quadrate ventrally, and the exoccipital medially, posteriorly and partly ventrally (482.1); squamosal descending process at least partially separates the cranioquadrate canal and the external auditory meatus (483.1); presence of a coronoid process on the surangular (shared with Tomistoma and Iharkutosuchus, process often overlooked in teleosauroids) (546.1); retroarticular process divided into medial and lateral portions (shared with Dyrosauridae and Crocodylia) (572.1); diastema between the fourth and fifth dentary alveoli (shared with Sarcosuchus; reversal in Dakosaurus + Plesiosuchus subclade) (622.1); transverse processes of sacral vertebra 1 are arched lateroventrally (729.1); ‘ fan’ - shaped coracoids (741.1 – 2); forelimbs (humerus + ulna + metacarpal III) are between 20 – 35 % of total trunk (presacral vertebra minus the atlas-axis) length (shared with Gavialis and Pietraroiasuchus) (750.3); sigmoidal femur forming a shallow ‘ S’ - shape (811.1); fourth trochanter ridge absent, instead a flattened rugose area is present (819.0); no appendicular osteoderms (character poorly sampled in Crocodyliformes) (867.0).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9573177A1D0CCA093AFDE0.taxon	discussion	Composition The early diverging taxa Turnersuchus hingleyae and Plagiophthalmosuchus gracilirostris, as well as the subclade Neothalattosuchia (which is composed of Teleosauroidea and Metriorhynchoidea). Comments Authorship: The nomen Thalattosuchia was first used by Fraas (1901), and Fraas (1901) is the nominal authority of the clade under both nomenclatural codes (note, when higher clades are written in italics, we are referring to the PhyloCode variant). As Thalattosuchia is above the family-group, only Articles 1 – 4, 7 – 10, 11.1 – 11.3, 14, 27, 28, and 32.5.2.5 of the Zoological Code apply (as per Article 1.2.2). Prior phylogenetic definition: Young and Andrade (2009) defined Thalattosuchia as the most inclusive clade consisting of Teleosaurus cadomensis (Lamouroux, 1820) and Metriorhynchus geoffroyii von Meyer, 1832, but not Pholidosaurus s chaumburgensis von Meyer, 1841, Goniopholis crassidens Owen, 1842, or Dyrosaurus phosphaticus (Thomas, 1893). Note, here the internal specifiers for Thalattosuchia, and the external specifier for Goniopholididae, were changed from type species to species that are better preserved and more accessible to workers. We have also expanded the number of external specifiers to include a protosuchid, a eunotosuchian, a peirosaurid (sebecian), a paluxysuchid, and an extant representative. This ensures that our intended definition of Thalattosuchia does not ‘ favour’ one phylogenetic positional hypothesis of the clade over another. Typological errors: The nomen Thalattosuchia is frequently misspelt. The most common typological error is the ‘ double l’ instead of the ‘ double t’, i. e. ‘ Thallatosuchia’ / ‘ thallatosuchian’ (e. g. De Beer 1928: 488). This is followed by using both the ‘ double l’ and the ‘ double t’, i. e. ‘ Thallattosuchia’ / ‘ thallattosuchian’ (note these appear in recent papers where Thalattosuchia is correctly spelt, so appear to be typological errors). A less common typological error is ‘ Thalassosuchia’, where the stem Thalasso - from Laconian Greek is used, e. g. van de Wiele (1905: 102, 108) and Sauvage (1916: 48). Discussion: Thalattosuchians are remarkably diagnostic. Unfortunately, Turnersuchus hingleyae cannot be scored for 46 characters that also unite Plagiophthalmosuchus gracilirostris and other thalattosuchians (due to the incomplete preservation of its holotype). Of the 11 characters that can be scored for Turnersuchus, nine are cranial, one is from the lower jaw, and one is vertebral. Of the 46 characters that cannot be scored for Turnersuchus, 37 are from the cranium, three are from the lower jaw, and only six are from the postcranial skeleton (one vertebral character, one pelvic girdle character, one forelimb character, two hindlimb characters, and an osteoderm character). When we look at the external cranial characters, they relate to the extensive modification to the supratemporal and postorbital bars, the temporal region, the braincase, and the loss of the palpebrals (Fig. 17). There are also numerous internal cranial characters, as thalattosuchians have remarkably apneumatic braincases and rostra, and many hypertrophied vascular canals (see Figs 18, 19; Fernández and Herrera 2009, Fernández et al. 2011, Herrera et al. 2013 a, 2018, Brusatte et al. 2016, Pierce et al. 2017, Schwab et al. 2021, Bowman et al. 2022, Cowgill et al. 2022, Wilberg et al. 2022, Young et al. 2023 b). Hicham et al. (2023) described a specimen from the Hettangian or Sinemurian of Morocco that is remarkably similar to many early Toarcian teleosauroids (Johnson et al. 2020 a). As we show below, the specimen shares two characters with our Teleosauroidea diagnosis, which supports Hicham et al. ’ s systematization (the other characters cannot be scored due to preservation). This, therefore, extends the confirmed geological range of Teleosauroidea, and Thalattosuchia, into the Hettangian – Sinemurian. As such, the teleosauroid – metriorhynchoid split is far older than previously thought, occurring either within the first 5 million years of the Jurassic or during the Late Triassic. This also makes the hypothesis that thalattosuchians are noncrocodyliforms more plausible (for more details, see: Wilberg 2015 b, Wilberg et al. 2023) — as this hypothesis requires thalattosuchians to have been present in the middle Norian (the age of the oldest known protosuchid crocodyliforms; e. g. see Martínez et al. 2019 and the references therein). Wilberg et al. (2023) presented two Bayesian time-scaling analyses to estimate the origination time for Thalattosuchia, one based on the phylogenetic dataset from Herrera et al. (2021 a) and another a modification of the Wilberg et al. (2019) dataset. The 95 % highest posterior density (HPD) for the Herrera et al. analysis spanned the Norian to Pliensbachian, with the median age within the Sinemurian, while the 95 % HPD for the Wilberg et al. dataset spanned the Norian to Hettangian, with the median age within the Norian. Given that the newly discovered teleosauroid from the Hettangian – Sinemurian (Hicham et al. 2023) was not included in either dataset, origination-time estimates that include the Sinemurian and Pliensbachian can be rejected. This only strengthens a Late Triassic, and Norian in particular, origination time for Thalattosuchia. The presence of teleosauroids prior to the Toarcian should not come as a surprise, as by the early Toarcian there had been an extensive diversification of this clade. With the split between Teleosauridae and Machimosauridae having had occurred, and within Teleosauridae the subfamily Teleosaurinae was already distinct (Johnson et al. 2020 a). Therefore, Teleosauroidea, and its major subclades must have been present in the Pliensbachian, and by extension Metriorhynchoidea. Furthermore, if our phylogenetic analyses are correct, and the Moroccan specimen from the Hettangian – Sinemurian (Hicham et al. 2023) is indeed an early diverging machimosaurid, then the origination times of Teleosauroidea and Metriorhynchoidea could go back into the Triassic [supporting the time-scaling analyses of Wilberg et al. (2023)]. Our limited understanding of the origins of Thalattosuchia is mirrored by our poor understanding of their extinction. Teleosauroids are clearly present in the Late Jurassic, with both teleosaurids and machimosaurids known from the Tithonian of Western Europe (e. g. Johnson et al. 2020 a, Young and Sachs 2021). However, our knowledge of teleosauroids outside of Europe remains limited, particularly near the end of the Jurassic. Two specimens are used as evidence that teleosauroids continued into the Early Cretaceous: Machimosaurus rex Fanti et al., 2016 from the Hauterivian of Tunisia, and an indeterminate specimen from the late Barremian of Colombia (Cortés et al. 2019). While there is disagreement over the exact age of Machimosaurus rex (Cortés et al. 2019, Martin et al. 2019, Young and Sachs 2021), the specimen described by Cortés et al. (2019) does appear to be evidence of teleosauroid survival into the Early Cretaceous (Young and Sachs 2021). With a body length estimate of 9.6 m (Cortés et al. 2019), the Barremian teleosauroid is by far the largest known thalattosuchian and rivals the giant pholidosaurid Sarcosuchus imperator in length (for the revised body length of the latter, see: O’Brien et al. 2019). This specimen is an excellent example of how the Eurocentrism of thalattosuchian palaeobiology limits our understanding of thalattosuchian diversity and geological range. When and why Metriorhynchidae became extinct also remains elusive. The youngest known metriorhynchid fossil is an isolated tooth crown from the earliest Aptian of Sicily referred to Plesiosuchina indet. by Chiarenza et al. (2015). The referral of this tooth crown to Plesiosuchina was disputed by Fischer et al. (2015), who used a superficial similarity-based approach to suggest the tooth crown could belong to a brachauchenine pliosaurid. However, as pointed out by Sachs et al. (2020), the list of apomorphies Chiarenza et al. (2015) used to refer the tooth crown to Metriorhynchidae, and Plesiosuchina in particular, was never addressed by Fischer et al. (2015). Moreover, Sachs et al. (2020) suggested that ‘ Fischer et al. (2015) inadvertently strengthened the referral of the Sicilian tooth to Plesiosuchina (as Cretaceous pliosaurids did not seem to evolve the apomorphies seen in metriorhynchids), not the reverse’. Therefore, this specimen remains the youngest known metriorhynchid, and thalattosuchian. However, our understanding of post-Valanginian metriorhynchids remains exceptionally poor and we cannot make any definitive inferences on their diversity or biology. In spite of the recent discoveries of thalattosuchians outside of Europe (or particularly the Western European countries of Germany, France, and the UK) in the earliest Jurassic and in the post-Valanginian Early Cretaceous (e. g. Fanti et al. 2016, Cortés et al. 2019, Hicham et al. 2023) our understanding of Thalattosuchia remains Eurocentric. We caution workers from making grand palaeobiological or biogeographical hypotheses for Thalattosuchia, given we do not know when the clade may have originated (or where) and when the clades that survived into the Cretaceous may have become extinct (or where). The thalattosuchian fossil record outside of Western Europe, and Europe itself, is still patchy and poorly sampled — although Chile and Argentina are increasingly becoming better sampled (e. g. Gasparini 1973, 1980, 1985, Gasparini and Dellapé 1976, Gasparini and Chong 1977, Vignaud and Gasparini 1996, Gasparini et al. 2000, 2006, 2008, Fernández and Herrera 2009, 2022, Herrera et al. 2009, 2013 a – c, 2015, 2021 b, Pol and Gasparini 2009, Fernández et al. 2011, 2019). Given that thalattosuchians were present in northern Africa, western Europe, and South America by the Sinemurian (von Huene and Maubeuge 1952, 1954, Gasparini 1985, Godefroit 1994, Gasparini et al. 2000, Hicham et al. 2023), and in China, India, and Madagascar by at least the Toarcian (Owen 1852, Buffetaut et al. 1981, Johnson et al. 2020 a), so much of their fossil record is simply unknown.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9873147AE10A2F0F02FC8C.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1014.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9873147AE10A2F0F02FC8C.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ New sea crocodiles’. Neo - from the Ancient Greek (νέος, néos) for young or new. Thalatto - is from the classical Ancient Greek (θᾰ ́ λᾰ ́ ττᾰ ́, thálatta) for sea. Suchus is the Neo-Latinized form of the Greek Soukhos (σοῦΧος), which appears to have been the name of an individual tamed crocodile that lived in Arsinoite nome, in Ancient Egypt (Larcher 1844: 286). The suffix - suchus is today used to refer to crocodiles, crocodylian relatives, or crocodylian analogues. The Neo-Latin suffix - ia denotes an abstract noun of feminine grammatical gender.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9873147AE10A2F0F02FC8C.taxon	description	Geological range Early Jurassic (Hettangian – Sinemurian) to Early Cretaceous (earliest Aptian) (von Huene and Maubeuge 1952, 1954, Gasparini 1985, Godefroit 1994, Gasparini et al. 2000, Chiarenza et al. 2015, Sachs et al. 2020, Hicham et al. 2023). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The smallest clade within Thalattosuchia containing Macrospondylus bollensis (Jäger 1828), Platysuchus multiscrobiculatus (Berckhemer 1929), Pelagosaurus typus Bronn 1842 and Thalattosuchus superciliosus (Blainville in Eudes-Deslongchamps 1852). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9873147AE10A2F0F02FC8C.taxon	diagnosis	PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (6): antorbital cavity much smaller than the orbit in terms of area (173.0) and length (174.0); trigeminal fossa is well developed posteriorly to the fenestra (i. e. fossa very broadly exposed on the quadrate) (438.1); presence of two distinct foramina within the trigeminal fossa (440.1); basioccipital tuberosities are large (459.1); the tibiae are evidently shorter than the femora (with some Toarcian teleosauroid species falling in states 1 and 2) (809.2).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9873147AE10A2F0F02FC8C.taxon	discussion	Composition Teleosauroidea (which is composed of Machimosauridae and Teleosauridae) and Metriorhynchoidea (successively comprising of Pelagosaurus, Teleidosaurus, Magyarosuchus, Opisuchus, Eoneustes, Zoneait, and Metriorhynchidae). Comments Authorship: This is a new nomen. Prior phylogenetic definition: This clade has never been phylogenetically defined. Content: This clade is what is normally ‘ pictured’ as Thalattosuchia — containing the two large radiations Teleosauroidea and Metriorhynchoidea. The chosen specifiers ensure that the major thalattosuchian radiations are represented (e. g. Teleosauridae, Machimosauridae, and Metriorhynchidae), as well as ‘ transitional forms’ such as Pelagosaurus typus. Under this definition, only Turnersuchus hingleyae and Plagiophthalmosuchus gracilirostris (Fig. 20) fall outside of Neothalattosuchia. Prior to our analyses, only Turnersuchus hingleyae from the Pliensbachian had been recovered as an early diverging thalattosuchian (Wilberg et al. 2023). Note: As Neothalattosuchia is above the family-group, only Articles 1 – 4, 7 – 10, 11.1 – 11.3, 14, 27, 28, and 32.5.2.5 of the Zoological Code apply (as per Article 1.2.2).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9B731179EB0B850D85F848.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 801.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9B731179EB0B850D85F848.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Teleosaurus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1825.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9B731179EB0B850D85F848.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Those resembling Teleosaurus ’. The stem Teleosaur - is based on the genus Teleosaurus. - oidea, is a Neo-Latin plural suffix for ‘ resembling’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - oidea denotes a superfamily rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9B731179EB0B850D85F848.taxon	description	Geological range Early Jurassic (Hettangian – Sinemurian) to Early Cretaceous (late Barremian) (Fanti et al. 2016, Cortés et al. 2019, Johnson et al. 2020 a, Young and Sachs 2021, Hicham et al. 2023). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Thalattosuchia containing Teleosaurus cadomensis (Lamouroux 1820) but not Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl 1829) (Metriorhynchoidea). Definition from Johnson et al. (2022 b). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9B731179EB0B850D85F848.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Thalattosuchian crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (13): external and internal antorbital fenestrae are subequal or not distinguishable (169.0); supratemporal fenestrae longer than the orbits (198.2); squamosal does not project further posteriorly than the occipital condyle (reversal in the unnamed Chinese teleosauroid) (249.0); orbits have a dorsal inclination (271.1); in palatal view, the maxilla projects anteriorly with straightened margins creating a sub-rectangular shape (353.2); consistent presence of occipital tuberosities (410.1); within the trigeminal fossa, the foramina are fully divided into two openings by a bridge formed by proötic, dorsal opening interpreted as rostral middle cerebral vein and ventral opening as exit for trigeminal branches (441.1); paired ridges present on the medial ventral surface of the basisphenoid (449.1); main body of the quadrates are strongly inclined (464.2); first and second premaxillary alveoli form a couplet (reversals present within Teleosauridae) (584.1); third dentary tooth occludes against the premaxilla – maxilla suture (635.0); coracoid with a fan-shaped distal end and a triangularshaped proximal end (741.1); scapular blade is less than 1.5 times the width of the scapular shaft (shared with the unnamed Toarcian metriorhynchoid) (744.1).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9B731179EB0B850D85F848.taxon	discussion	Composition Machimosauridae (composed of Macrospondylus and Machimosaurinae, and based on our phylogenetic analyses possibly also the ‘ Hettangian – Sinemurian’ teleosauroid from Morocco — Hicham et al. 2023) and Teleosauridae (composed of the unnamed Chinese teleosauroid, Indosinosuchus, Mystriosaurus, Seldsienean, Teleosaurinae, and Aeolodontini). Comments Authorship: While the nomen Teleosauroidea was first used by Delfino and Dal Sasso (2006: 250), under the Zoological Code Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1831 is the nominal authority. The nominal author of a family-group is the author who first erected a family-group taxon that is valid (in fulfilment of Article 11), and in accordance with the Zoological Code Principle of Coordination applied to family-group names (Article 36.1). However, under the PhyloCode, Delfino and Dal Sasso (2006) is the nominal authority. Comments: As demonstrated by Johnson et al. (2018, 2020 a, b, c) teleosauroids were far more morphologically diverse than previously thought. The previous use of Steneosaurus as a ‘ wastebasket’ to place the majority of teleosauroid species has greatly held back our understanding of the clade. For example, the diversity shown in Figure 21 would have been placed in the genus Steneosaurus prior to the work of Johnson et al. (2018, 2020 a). Even though some species are more closely related to the genera Teleosaurus and Platysuchus (Mystriosaurus and Mycterosuchus; Fig. 21 A, B) and others are more closely related to Machimosaurus (Macrospondylus, Charitomenosuchus, and particularly Lemmysuchus; Fig. 21 C – E). Based on the phylogenetic analyses presented herein (Figs 3 – 12), the only way to render Steneosaurus monophyletic would be to place all thalattosuchians more derived than Turnersuchus into the genus Steneosaurus (as Plagiophthalmosuchus gracilirostris, originally named Steneosaurus gracilirostris, is recovered outside of Neothalattosuchia). The only other way to use the genus Steneosaurus as ‘ traditionally’ defined would be to accept it is as a paraphyletic taxon (and accept the usage of paraphyletic taxa), one in which the other traditionally accepted teleosauroid genera (Teleosaurus, Platysuchus, and Machimosaurus) and Metriorhynchoidea, evolved from. That would place Neothalattosuchia, Teleosauroidea, Teleosauridae, Aeolodontini, Machimosauridae, Machimosaurinae, and Machimosaurini, as subclades within Steneosaurus. Such an action would subsume a remarkable level of morphological variation into a paraphyletic genus, creating a genus that could never be morphologically defined, only defined by what it is not. Having such a genus would allow for fragmentary specimens to be a generic assignment, as argued for by Hua et al. (2021). But that begs the question, what does the designation Steneosaurus sp. mean when the genus is paraphyletic, and to such a degree? Although Hua et al. (2021) consider the lack of a generic assignment to be a weakness of the Johnson et al. (2020 a) systematization, we argue it is in fact a strength. Assignments such as Teleosauroidea indeterminate, or Machimosauridae indet., show the limits of our current knowledge and gives a clear indication where in the teleosauroid tree we think a specimen belongs. Using a paraphyletic Steneosaurus (or any other genus, like Metriorhynchus — Le Mort et al. 2022) merely provides the illusion of specificity. Hicham et al. (2023) described a specimen from the Hettangian or Sinemurian of Morocco that is remarkably similar to early Toarcian teleosauroids (Johnson et al. 2020 a). Two characters from our diagnosis support their placement of the specimen within Teleosauroidea: (i) in palatal view, the maxilla projects anteriorly with straightened margins creating a sub-rectangular shape, and (ii) first and second premaxillary alveoli form a couplet. Moreover, in our phylogenetic analyses the specimen is recovered within Teleosauroidea, specifically in Machimosauridae. We regard the referral of the specimen to Machimosauridae to be premature, however, as many of the diagnostic characters for Teleosauridae and Machimosauridae cannot be scored for that specimen. While our understanding of thalattosuchian character distribution prior to the Toarcian is currently limited, at present we concur with Hicham et al. (2023) that the Morocco specimen is a teleosauroid. Thus, extending the geological range of the clade by possibly 15 million years or more.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9E73107A3D0CDF0C37FC9F.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 800.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9E73107A3D0CDF0C37FC9F.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Teleosaurus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1825.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9E73107A3D0CDF0C37FC9F.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ The family of Teleosaurus ’. The stem Teleosaur - is based on the genus Teleosaurus. - idae, is a Latin patronymic suffix, introduced into zoological nomenclature, as - idae, by Kirby (1815: 88). Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - idae denotes a family rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9E73107A3D0CDF0C37FC9F.taxon	description	Geological range Early Jurassic (early Toarcian) to Late Jurassic (early Tithonian) (Johnson et al. 2020 a). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Teleosauroidea containing Teleosaurus cadomensis (Lamouroux 1820) but not Machimosaurus hugii (von Meyer 1837). Definition from Johnson et al. (2022 b). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9E73107A3D0CDF0C37FC9F.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Teleosauroid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (4): anterior and anterolateral premaxillary margins are oriented anteroventrally and extend ventrally (125.1); anterior margin of the supratemporal fossae is noticeably inclined anterolaterally (195.1); postorbital extensively forms part of the orbit ventral margin (283.1); palatal ramus of the maxilla takes part in the anteromedial border of the supratemporal fenestra (349.1).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9E73107A3D0CDF0C37FC9F.taxon	discussion	Composition An unnamed clade composed of the unnamed Chinese teleosauroid, Indosinosuchus, and Mystriosaurus; Teleosaurinae (comprising Platysuchus and Teleosaurus); and another unnamed clade (see the Steneosauridae section above for the rationale as to why) composed of Seldsienean (note we have submitted an application to the ICZN to make the type species of Seldsienean the new type species of Steneosaurus; Young et al. in review a), and Aeolodontini (comprising Aeolodon, Bathysuchus, Mycterosuchus, and Sericodon).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F731079B60B900E82FD42.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 799.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F731079B60B900E82FD42.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Teleosaurus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1825.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F731079B60B900E82FD42.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Teleosaurus ’. The stem Teleosaur - is based on the genus Teleosaurus. - inae, is a Latin feminine plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - inae denotes a subfamily rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F731079B60B900E82FD42.taxon	description	Geological range Early Jurassic (early Toarcian) to Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) (Johnson et al. 2020 a). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Teleosauroidea containing Teleosaurus cadomensis (Lamouroux 1820) but not Aeolodon priscus (von Sömmerring 1814). Definition from Johnson et al. (2022 b). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3. Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Teleosauroid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (6): between 50 – 65 % of the premaxilla total length is posterior to the external nares (shared with Machimosauridae) (127.1); frontal – postorbital suture lower than the intertemporal bar (236.1); five alveoli per premaxilla (577.4); dorsal osteoderms ornamented with small round-toellipsoid pits that are very densely distributed (840.0); presacral osteoderms partially embrace the vertebrae laterally (847.1); transverse expansion of the thoracic dorsal osteoderms, with the transverse width 1.5 - to- 2.0 times greater than the anteroposterior length (856.1).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F731079B60B900E82FD42.taxon	discussion	Composition Platysuchus and Teleosaurus. Comments Authorship: While the nomen Teleosaurinae was first used by Bonaparte (1838: 123), as Teleosaurina, under the Zoological Code Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1831 is the nominal authority. The nominal author of a family-group is the author who first erected a family-group taxon that is valid (in fulfilment of Article 11), and in accordance with the Zoological Code Principle of Coordination applied to family-group names (Article 36.1). However, under the PhyloCode, Bonaparte (1838) is the nominal authority.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F730F7A350ACC0CF5FBEF.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 758.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F730F7A350ACC0CF5FBEF.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Aeolodon von Meyer, 1832.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F730F7A350ACC0CF5FBEF.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Aeolodon ’. The stem Aeolodont - is based on the genus Aeolodon. - ini is a Latin masculine plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - ini denotes a tribe rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F730F7A350ACC0CF5FBEF.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (middle Callovian) to Late Jurassic (early Tithonian) (Johnson et al. 2020 a). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Teleosauroidea containing Aeolodon priscus (von Sömmerring 1814) but not Steneosaurus megistorhynchus (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1866) and Teleosaurus cadomensis (Lamouroux 1820). Definition from Johnson et al. (2022 b). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F730F7A350ACC0CF5FBEF.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Teleosauroid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (10): external nares has a distinct ‘ 8 ’ - shape (97.1); narial fossa expanded, also creating an ‘ 8 ’ - shape (shared with the unnamed Mystriosaurus subclade) (102.2); basioccipital tuberosities reduced (459.0); first two premaxillary alveoli do not form a couplet but are positioned on the anterior margin of the premaxilla (579.1); first two premaxillary alveoli are oriented laterally when seen in palatal view (580.2); first two premaxillary alveoli are in the same transverse plane (shared with Pholidosauridae) (582.1); premaxilla lateral margins sub-rectangular, with the third premaxillary alveoli being clearly lateral to the second premaxillary alveoli (583.1); final premaxillary tooth is evidently anterolateral to the first maxillary tooth (shared with Pholidosauridae and derived Goniopholididae) (593.2); ulna olecranon process greatly expanded (shared with machimosaurine machimosaurids) (768.1); tibia evidently shorter than the femur (shared with machimosaurine machimosaurids and geosaurine metriorhynchids) (809.3 – 4).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF9F730F7A350ACC0CF5FBEF.taxon	discussion	Composition Aeolodon, Bathysuchus, Mycterosuchus, and Sericodon. Comments Authorship: The nomen Aeolodontini was first used by Johnson et al. (2022 b: 3); however, it was exclusively defined under the PhyloCode. Herein, we ensure that the tribe is valid under the Zoological Code. Note, the nominal author is Johnson et al. (2020 a), who validly established Aeolodontinae. The nominal author of a family-group is the author who first erected a family-group taxon that is valid (in fulfilment of Article 11), and in accordance with the Zoological Code Principle of Coordination applied to family-group names (Article 36.1). Steneosauridae: The name Aeolodontinae is not used herein. In Johnson et al. (2022 b), we also did not phylogenetically define Aeolodontinae under the PhyloCode. We have explicitly left the clade unnamed in our ergotaxonomies, as we are awaiting the Steneosaurus - type species application to the ICZN to be resolved (Young et al., in review a), and the potential resurrection of the Steneosaurus - based family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730F79C40C3F09CFFAAA.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 757.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730F79C40C3F09CFFAAA.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Machimosaurus von Meyer 1837 (emend. von Meyer 1838).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730F79C40C3F09CFFAAA.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ The family of Machimosaurus ’. The stem Machimosaur - is based on the genus Machimosaurus. - idae, is a Latin patronymic suffix, introduced into zoological nomenclature, as - idae, by Kirby (1815: 88). Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - idae denotes a family rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730F79C40C3F09CFFAAA.taxon	description	Geological range Early Jurassic (early Toarcian) to Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian) (Fanti et al. 2016, Johnson et al. 2020 a, Young and Sachs 2021). It is possible that the geological range of Machimosauridae spans from the Hettangian – Sinemurian to the late Barremian, if the newly described Early Jurassic specimen from Morocco is indeed a machimosaurid (as our phylogenetic analyses suggest) and if the incomplete late Barremian specimen from Colombia is also a machimosaurid (Cortés et al. 2019, Hicham et al. 2023). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition Thelargestcladewithin Teleosauroidea containing Machimosaurus hugii (von Meyer 1837) but not Teleosaurus cadomensis (Lamouroux 1820). Definition from Johnson et al. (2022 b). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730F79C40C3F09CFFAAA.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Teleosauroid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (5): between 50 % and 65 % of the premaxilla total length is posterior to the external nares (shared with Teleosaurinae) (127.1); orbit longitudinal ellipsoidal in shape (reversal in Machimosaurini) (shared with non-crocodylomorphs sampled; the early diverging crocodylomorph Carnufex; the shartegosuchoid Sichuanosuchus; the early diverging thalattosuchian Plagiophthalmosuchus; the teleosauroids: the unnamed Chinese teleosauroid, Platysuchus, Seldsienean, and Aeolodon; the metriorhynchoid clade Eoneustes + Metriorhynchidae; the pholidosaurid Pholidosaurus purbeckensis; and the hylaeochampsids Pietraroiasuchus and Iharkutosuchus) (273.1); basisphenoid cultriform process exposed on the palate anterior to the quadrates (451.1); retroarticular process oriented posteriorly (reversal in Lemmysuchus and Yvridiosuchus) (568.1); humerus proximal region very strongly deflected posteriorly and hooked (shared with Aeolodon) (753.2).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730F79C40C3F09CFFAAA.taxon	discussion	Composition The early diverging taxa Macrospondylus, Charitomenosuchus, and Deslongchampsina, and the subclade Machimosaurinae. The ‘ Hettangian – Sinemurian’ taxon from Morocco forms a polytomy with the early diverging machimosaurids in our phylogenetic analyses. Comments Authorship: While nomen Machimosauridae was first used by Johnson et al. (2020 a: 117), under the Zoological Code Jouve et al. 2016 is the nominal authority. The nominal author of a family-group is the author who first erected a family-group taxon that is valid (in fulfilment of Article 11), and in accordance with the Zoological Code Principle of Coordination applied to family-group names (Article 36.1). However, under the PhyloCode, the nominal authority is Johnson et al. (2020 a).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730E7A3D0D650FF1FA4B.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 759.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730E7A3D0D650FF1FA4B.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Machimosaurus von Meyer 1837 (emend. von Meyer 1838).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730E7A3D0D650FF1FA4B.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Machimosaurus ’. The stem Machimosaur - is based on the genus Machimosaurus. - inae, is a Latin feminine plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - inae denotes a subfamily rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730E7A3D0D650FF1FA4B.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) to Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian or possibly late Barremian?) (Fanti et al. 2016, Jouve et al. 2016, Cortés et al. 2019, Johnson et al. 2020 a, Young and Sachs 2021). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition Thelargestcladewithin Teleosauroidea containing Machimosaurus hugii (von Meyer 1837) but not Deslongchampsina larteti (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1866), Macrospondylus bollensis (Jäger 1828), and Charitomenosuchus leedsi (Andrews 1909). Definition from Johnson et al. (2022 b). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730E7A3D0D650FF1FA4B.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Teleosauroid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (7): tooth row and occipital condyle aligned in the same plane (shared with the unnamed Chinese teleosaurid and Metriorhynchoidea) (3.1); ornamentation restricted to the centre of the frontal (shared with the aeolodontin teleosaurids Aeolodon, Bathysuchus and Sericodon) (22.1); premaxilla – maxilla suture is ‘ U’ - shaped in dorsal view (shared with the teleosaurid Mystriosaurus) (132.1); ulna olecranon process greatly expanded (shared with aeolodontin teleosaurids) (768.1); ilium supraacetabular crest shallow and poorly developed (shared with Metriorhynchoidea) (793.1); ilium postacetabular process expanded into a ‘ fan’ - shape (795.1); the forelimbs (humerus + ulna) are approximately half the length of the hindlimbs (femur + tibia) at maturity (shared with the hylaeochampsids Pachycheilosuchus and Pietraroiasuchus) (808.3).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF80730E7A3D0D650FF1FA4B.taxon	discussion	Composition Andrianavoay, Neosteneosaurus, Proexochokefalos, and Machimosaurini (composed of Lemmysuchus, Machimosaurus, and Yvridiosuchus). Comments Authorship: While the nomen Machimosaurinae was first used by Johnson et al. (2020 a: 118), under the Zoological Code Jouve et al. 2016 is the nominal authority. The nominal author of a family-group is the author who first erected a family-group taxon that is valid (in fulfilment of Article 11), and in accordance with the Zoological Code Principle of Coordination applied to family-group names (Article 36.1). However, under the PhyloCode Johnson et al. (2020 a) is the nominal authority.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730E79FD0DC30823FA5A.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 798.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730E79FD0DC30823FA5A.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Machimosaurus von Meyer 1837 (emend. von Meyer 1838).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730E79FD0DC30823FA5A.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Machimosaurus ’. The stem Machimosaur - is based on the genus Machimosaurus. - ini is a Latin masculine plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - ini denotes a tribe rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730E79FD0DC30823FA5A.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) to Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian or possibly late Barremian?) (Fanti et al. 2016, Jouve et al. 2016, Cortés et al. 2019, Johnson et al. 2020 a, Young and Sachs 2021). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Teleosauroidea containing Machimosaurus hugii (von Meyer 1837) but not Neosteneosaurus edwardsi (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1868). Definition from Johnson et al. (2022 b). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730E79FD0DC30823FA5A.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Teleosauroid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (13): expanded network of neurovascular foramina on the premaxillae, maxillae and dentaries (shared with the teleosaurids Aeolodon and Mycterosuchus; and also seen in extant crocodylians as housing the dome pressure receptors) (86.1); supratemporal fossae are parallelogram in shape (194.5); supratemporal fenestrae at least twice as long as the anterior width (196.1); supratemporal fenestrae at least twice as long as the orbits (shared with Dyrosauridae) (198.3); deep and pronounced reception pits conspicuous along the anterior and mid-maxilla (596.1); anterior maxillary tooth crowns have blunt and rounded apices (631.1); anterior-middle tooth crowns not recurved (647.0); presence of false ziphodonty across the dentition (652.2); apical tooth crowns have a strongly developed anastomosed enamel ornamentation (shared with the goniopholidids Goniopholis and Anteophthalmosuchus, and the metriorhynchid Torvoneustes) (663.1); three sacral vertebrae (708.1); sub-rectangular ischial plate (shared with some metriorhynchids) (804.1); tuberosity of the tibia is angled ventrally (824.1); dorsal osteoderm ornamentation composed of pits of highly variable size and length, and on keeled osteoderms the pits can become elongate pits, especially along the lateral margins (840.3).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730E79FD0DC30823FA5A.taxon	discussion	Composition Lemmysuchus, Machimosaurus, and Yvridiosuchus.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730D7A2F0DD508F8FD03.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1015.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730D7A2F0DD508F8FD03.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Metriorhynchus von Meyer, 1832.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730D7A2F0DD508F8FD03.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Those resembling Metriorhynchus ’. The stem Metriorhynch - is based on the genus Metriorhynchus. - oidea, is a Neo-Latin plural suffix for resembling. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - oidea denotes a superfamily rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730D7A2F0DD508F8FD03.taxon	description	Geological range Early Jurassic (early Toarcian) to Early Cretaceous (earliest Aptian) (Buffetaut 1980, Chiarenza et al. 2015, Sachs et al. 2020). Given that teleosauroids appear to extend into the ‘ Hettangian – Sinemurian’ (see: Hicham et al. 2023), we cannot preclude that the geological range of Metriorhynchoidea is far older than we currently know. PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Thalattosuchia containing Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl 1829) but not Teleosaurus cadomensis (Lamouroux 1820) and Macrospondylus bollensis (Jäger 1828). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730D7A2F0DD508F8FD03.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Thalattosuchian crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (21): tooth row and occipital condyle aligned in the same horizontal plane (shared with the unnamed Chinese teleosauroid and Charitomenosuchus leedsi) (3.1); expansion of the posterior nasal cavity creating concave depressions on the internal surface of the prefrontals (41.1 – 3); presence of a sulcus anterior to the antorbital / preorbital cavity (172.1); frontal minimum interorbital width greater than, or equal to, the width of one supratemporal fossa and the intertemporal bar (reversals in Opisuchus, Geosaurinae, and within Cricosaurus and Maledictosuchus) (233.0); presence of a scleral ring within the orbits (286.1); jugal beneath the orbit rod-like (270.0); extensive participation of the prefrontal in the orbit anterior margin (reversal in Teleidosaurus) (277.1); maxilla – palatine suture ‘ M’ - shaped (364.2); within the trigeminal fossa, the foramina are ‘ bilobate’ / hour-glass shaped, with an anterior projection of the proötic slightly dividing into dorsal (for rostral middle cerebral vein) and ventral (for exit of trigeminal branches) portions (441.0); dentary does not reach posterior to the orbit (shared with Machimosaurus) (509.0); dentary tooth opposite the premaxilla – maxilla suture not enlarged (reversal in Geosaurus giganteus) (632.0); axis dichocephalous (724.1); coracoid with fan-shaped distal and proximal ends (741.2); ulna clearly shorter than the humerus (shared with Gavialis, Congosaurus, Pietraroiasuchus, and Aeolodon) (752.3 – 4); supraacetabular crest is poorly developed (793.1); hindlimbs (femur + tibia + metatarsal III) under 50 % of trunk (presacral vertebrae minus the atlas-axis) length (shared with machimosaurine machimosaurids and aeolodontin teleosaurids) (807.4 – 5); femur posteromedial tuber the largest of the proximal tubera (815.2); metatarsals subequal, or shorter, in length compared to their respective digit phalanges (831.1 – 2); metatarsal I proximal end enlarged (832.1 – 3); pes digit IV is longer than digit III (833.1); absence of ventral tail osteoderms (shared with Pietraroiasuchus) (862.1).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF81730D7A2F0DD508F8FD03.taxon	discussion	Composition The early diverging taxa Pelagosaurus, Teleidosaurus, Magyarosuchus, Opisuchus, Eoneustes, and Zoneait, and the subclade Metriorhynchidae. Comments Authorship: The nomen Metriorhynchoidea was first used by Deraniyagala (1939). However, he explicitly referred to Metriorhynchoidea as a suborder, and not as a family-group nomen (as one would expect given the suffix). The first to use Metriorhynchoidea as a family-group nomen in a published article was Frey et al. (2002). However, under the Zoological Code Fitzinger 1843 is the nominal authority. The nominal author of a family-group is the author who first erected a family-group taxon that is valid (in fulfilment of Article 11), and in accordance with the Zoological Code Principle of Coordination applied to family-group names (Article 36.1). Under the PhyloCode, Deraniyagala (1939) is the nominal authority. Prior phylogenetic definition: Young and Andrade (2009) defined Metriorhynchoidea as the most inclusive clade consisting of Metriorhynchus geoffroyii von Meyer, 1832 but not Teleosaurus cadomensis (Lamouroux 1820). Here we added the external specifier Macrospondylus bollensis, to ensure both Teleosauridae and Machimosauridae are explicitly excluded from Metriorhynchoidea.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF82730C7AE70B0C0F51FB58.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1016.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF82730C7AE70B0C0F51FB58.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ True sea crocodiles’. Eu - is the Neo-Latinized form of the Greek (εὖ, eû), meaning good or true. Thalatto - is from the classical Ancient Greek (θᾰ ́ λᾰ ́ ττᾰ ́, thálatta) for sea. Suchus is the Neo-Latinized form of the Greek Soukhos (σοῦΧος), which appears to have been the name of an individual tamed crocodile that lived in Arsinoite nome, in Ancient Egypt (Larcher 1844: 286). The suffix - suchus is today used to refer to crocodiles, crocodylian relatives, or crocodylian analogues. The Neo-Latin suffix - ia denotes an abstract noun of feminine grammatical gender.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF82730C7AE70B0C0F51FB58.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (latest Aalenian or early Bajocian) to Early Cretaceous (earliest Aptian) (Chiarenza et al. 2015, Wilberg 2015 a, Sachs et al. 2020). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The smallest clade within Metriorhynchoidea containing Zoneait nargorum Wilberg 2015 a and Thalattosuchus superciliosus (Blainville in Eudes-Deslongchamps 1852). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF82730C7AE70B0C0F51FB58.taxon	diagnosis	PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchoid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (11): absence of external ornamentation on the lacrimal (20.1); antorbital cavity is open posteriorly and contiguous with the orbital cavity (51.1); middle-posterior regions of the antorbital cavities are greatly expanded compared to the nasopharyngeal ducts (52.1); nasopharyngeal ducts are conspicuously deepened dorsoventrally (57.1); lacrimal vertically oriented and only exposed in lateral view (164.1); fossa present anterior to the orbits, on the lacrimals and prefrontals, with most of the bony surface anterior to the orbit concave (179.2); prefrontal dorsal surface is greatly expanded laterally, overhanging part of the orbit (205.2); ectopterygoid does not contact the maxilla (393.0); extreme enlargement of the cerebral carotid canal foramina, such that they are more than twice as large as any other foramina on the occipital surface (428.2); ulna less than 50 % of humerus length (752.4); distal diaphysis of the ulna is flattened (763.1).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF82730C7AE70B0C0F51FB58.taxon	discussion	Composition Zoneait and Metriorhynchidae. Comments Authorship: This is a new nomen. Prior phylogenetic definition: This clade has never been phylogenetically defined. Discussion: We chose not to use Acutirostres Jaekel, 1910 as the nomen for this clade, as Acutirostres has been used prior to 1910 to refer to birds. Unfortunately, the taxa united under Acutirostres differs between authors (see: De-Carlini 1888: 47; Morgana 1903: 28). Moreover, Jaekel (1910) used Acutirostres to unite his Metriorhynchidae and Geosauridae, making it in a synonym of Metriorhynchidae herein. As such, we do not recommend Acutirostres being used in thalattosuchian nomenclature. The establishment of Euthalattosuchia is our attempt to honour the intended composition of Thalattosuchia sensu Fraas (1901, 1902). Fraas was clear that his three ‘ familien’, Metriorhynchus, Geosaurus, and Dacosaurus [sic] composed his Thalattosuchia, and that the group was fully aquatic. As the nomen Metriorhynchidae is used for that clade, we created Euthalattosuchia for a clade of metriorhynchoids that had both cranial and postcranial adaptations for an aquatic lifestyle (see: Wilberg 2015 a).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF83730A79FD0CD70DCFFB0F.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1017.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF83730A79FD0CD70DCFFB0F.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Metriorhynchus von Meyer, 1832.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF83730A79FD0CD70DCFFB0F.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ The family of Metriorhynchus ’. The stem Metriorhynch - is based on the genus Metriorhynchus. - idae, is a Latin patronymic suffix, introduced into zoological nomenclature, as - idae, by Kirby (1815: 88). Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - idae denotes a family rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF83730A79FD0CD70DCFFB0F.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (early Bathonian) to Early Cretaceous (earliest Aptian) (Cau and Fanti 2011, Chiarenza et al. 2015, Sachs et al. 2020). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The smallest clade within Metriorhynchoidea containing Thalattosuchus superciliosus (Blainville in Eudes-Deslongchamps 1852), Gracilineustes leedsi (Andrews 1913), Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl 1829), Rhacheosaurus gracilis von Meyer 1831, and Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF83730A79FD0CD70DCFFB0F.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchoid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (10): absence of pharyngotympanic tube foramina (some Middle Jurassic metriorhynchid specimens appear to have these foramina, it is currently unclear if the loss of these foramina represent an ontogenetic signal or possibly a phylogenetic signal within Metriorhynchidae) (65.0); in the intertemporal bar, the frontal is wider than the parietal (reversal in Metriorhynchus) (235.1); presence of a true supraorbital notch (285.1); dermic postorbital bar (309.2); dorsal part of the postorbital bar constricted, distinct from the dorsal part of the postorbital (318.1); humerus deltopectoral crest continuous with the proximal surface (753.1); humerus is flattened and has a plate-like appearance (757.1); humerus diaphysis contributes less than 40 % of total humerus length (758.1 – 2); humerus epiphyses are unossified (760.1); radius / ulna are broadly expanded and plate-like (764.1). Potentially diagnostic characters The following 51 characters are also diagnostic for Metriorhynchidae but may be more widely distributed within Metriorhynchoidea once more complete specimens of non-metriorhynchid metriorhynchoids are discovered. Characters unknown in all early diverging metriorhynchoids: lack of scales on the body (874.1). Characters unknown in early diverging metriorhynchoids more derived than Pelagosaurus: ‘ pelagic morphotype’ of the endosseous labyrinth (38.2); cochlear duct shortened (40.1); basisphenoid diverticula cavities indistinct from parent sinus cavity (62.2); no diverticular inflation within the basioccipital (67.0); absence of ‘ otoccipital recesses’ (79.0); seven cervical vertebrae (687.2); mid-to-late thoracic vertebrae lack a shallow fossa on the anterior margin of the diapophysis (703.1); shift in neural spine inclination near distal tail (718.1); ventral deflection of distal caudal vertebrae (719.1 – 3); tail deflection is abrupt, occurring over 5 – 10 vertebrae (720.2); distal chevrons mediolaterally compressed, with some having a ‘ W’ - shape created by an anterior process (732.1); forelimbs (humerus + ulna + metacarpal III) are less than 20 % of total trunk (presacral vertebrae minus the atlas-axis) length (shared with Aeolodon) (750.4); metacarpal III makes up 20 % or more of combined forelimb length (humerus + ulna + metacarpal III) (751.2 – 3); radiale / ulnare are broadly expanded and plate-like (769.1); radiale and ulnare subequal in length (772.0); metacarpal I is broadly expanded (776.1); hindlimbs (femur + tibia + metatarsal III) are less than 40 % of total trunk (presacral vertebrae minus the atlas-axis) length (807.5); forelimbs (humerus + radius) less than 45 % of hindlimb (femur + tibia) length (shared with Aeolodon) (808.4); calcaneum tuber poorly developed (829.1); metatarsals II – IV shorter than their respective digits (831.2); absence of dorsal caudal osteoderms (862.1). Characters unknown in early diverging metriorhynchoids more derived than Teleidosaurus: highly elliptical external nares (shared with Deinosuchus) (96.3); posterodorsal retraction of the anterior margin of the narial fossa, such that it is at least level to the second premaxillary alveoli (103.2 – 5); external nares at least partially divided by a midline premaxillary septum (105.1 – 2); premaxilla contributes more than 25 % of total rostrum length (120.1); premaxilla is lanceolate in shape, smoothly fitting the rostrum (133.1); of the anterior processes of the surangular, the ventral process is longer than the dorsal process (549.2); premaxilla contacts the anterior margin of the first maxillary alveoli (589.1 – 2). Characters unknown in early diverging metriorhynchoids more derived than Magyarosuchus and the unnamed Toarcian taxon: coronoid process considerably dorsal to the tooth-row (487.1); absence of external mandibular fenestrae (512.0); thoracic vertebrae parapophyses are oriented anteriorly (704.1); anterior thoracic vertebrae in lateral view, have the parapophysis dorsal to the diapophysis (705.1); scapula blade reduced, as wide as, or narrower than, the glenoid region (744.2); ilium anterior process is short and robust (787.1); absence of ilium posterior process (794.1); dorsal border of the ilium 21 % or less of femoral length (797.1); ilium lacks acetabular depressions with the peduncles being contiguous with the ventral margin (800.1); ischium anterior processes reduced, lacking clear articulation facets (802.1 – 2); tibia less than 50 % of femoral length (shared with machimosaurine machimosaurids and aeolodontin teleosaurids) (809.3 – 5); middle of the femoral diaphysis flattened (817: 1); femur distal condyles incompletely ossified (822.2); distal surface between the lateral and medial condyles is flat (823.0); absence of gastral osteoderms (836.0); absence of dorsal thoracic osteoderms (838.0). Characters unknown in early diverging metriorhynchoids more derived than Eoneustes: two major longitudinal neurovascular canals in the rostrum (47.2); dorsal alveolar canal innervates the dental alveoli with a canal leaving the alveolus continuing to the external surface of the rostrum (49.1); nasal lateroposterior processes are well-developed (139.2); nasals reach deep into the preorbital fossa (175.2); jugal reaches deep into the preorbital fossa (reversals in Torvoneustes, Maledictosuchus, and Cricosaurus schroederi) (176.1); posterior maxillary alveoli are ventrally offset relative to other alveoli (due to the ventroposterior curvature of the posterior maxilla) (576.1).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF83730A79FD0CD70DCFFB0F.taxon	discussion	Composition Neustosaurus, Enaliosuchus, Thalattosuchus, and the subclades Metriorhynchinae and Geosaurinae. Comments Authorship: The nomen Metriorhynchidae was first used by Fitzinger (1843: 35), as Metriorhynchi. Prior phylogenetic definition: Young and Andrade (2009) defined Metriorhynchidae as the least inclusive clade consisting of Metriorhynchusgeoffroyii vonMeyer 1832 and Geosaurusgiganteus (von Sömmerring 1816). Here we have expanded the number of internal specifiers, so that Thalattosuchus, Gracilineustes, Metriorhynchus, Rhacheosaurus, and Geosaurus define Metriorhynchidae. The new definition solves the Thalattosuchus superciliosus issue, as in Wilberg (2015 b) Thalattosuchus was recovered as the sister-taxon to Metriorhynchidae sensu Young and Andrade (2009). Now, regardless of the phylogenetic position of this taxon, Thalattosuchus will always be a metriorhynchid. Moreover, the choice of five internal specifiers ensures consistent usage of the internal specifiers within Metriorhynchidae and it’s the major subclades Metriorhynchinae and Geosaurinae. Discussion: Within Thalattosuchia, Metriorhynchidae are the most diagnostic clade (Figs 1, 22). Unfortunately, the evolutionary timing of many of the postcranial characters that define the group is unknown. This is a consequence of most of the non-metriorhynchid metriorhynchoids having little to no known postcranial skeleton. As such, the diagnostic characters metriorhynchids have in entire regions of the skeleton are still incompletely understood, ranging from their loss of osteoderms (Fig. 22), modification of the manus into flippers (Fig. 23), reduction of pelvis size, modification of the hindlimbs into paddles (Fig. 24), and the development of the hypocercal tail (Fig. 25). The body-plan diversity within Metriorhynchidae is as remarkable as their divergence from semi-aquatic thalattosuchians (Fig. 1). There is variation in skull shape, particularly between dakosaurins and other subclades (Figs 26, 27), and in postcranial morphology, particularly in the angle and morphology of the tail fluke (Figs 22, 25). While we have learnt much about metriorhynchids over the past two hundred years, there is still much more we do not understand. Much like the previous use of Steneosaurus as a ‘ wastebasket’ taxon, the continued use of Metriorhynchus to place the majority of Middle Jurassic metriorhynchid species (and many Late Jurassic ones) has greatly held back our understanding of the clade. Based on the phylogenetic analyses presented herein (Figs 3 – 12), the only way to render Metriorhynchus monophyletic would be to place all metriorhynchoids more derived than Opisuchus into the genus Metriorhynchus (as Eoneustes, placed within the genus Metriorhynchus by Mercier 1933, is recovered outside of Euthalattosuchia). The only other way to use the genus Metriorhynchus as ‘ traditionally’ defined would be to accept that it is a paraphyletic taxon (and accept the usage of paraphyletic taxa), one from which the other traditionally accepted metriorhynchid genera (Geosaurus and Dakosaurus) evolved. That would place Euthalattosuchia, Metriorhynchidae, Metriorhynchinae, Rhacheosaurini, Geosaurinae, and Geosaurini as subclades within Metriorhynchus. Again, like with the Steneosaurus example above, this would subsume a remarkable level of morphological variation into a paraphyletic genus, creating a genus defined primarily by what it is not. It is worth noting that the characters Eudes-Deslongchamps (1867 – 69: 132 – 133) used to redefine Metriorhynchus are today known to be present in all metriorhynchids or are variable within the clade (see: Young et al. 2021: 518). It, therefore, should not be a surprise that if we attempt to apply a 19 th century ergotaxonomytoday, aframeworkcreatedwhenalimitednumber of metriorhynchid fossils were known, it will result in a paraphyletic taxon. Moreover, this was widely known and accepted in the early 20 th century, as in the hand-drawn phylogenies of Fraas (1902) and Mercier (1933) Metriorhynchus was paraphyletic with regard to Geosaurus and Dakosaurus. What complicates matters further, is that Geosaurus was polyphyletic in both ergotaxonomic schemes as well. This resulted in a systematization that placed all Middle Jurassic metriorhynchids in the genus Metriorhynchus, all ‘ robust’ Late Jurassic metriorhynchids in the genus Dakosaurus, all ‘ gracile’ Late Jurassic metriorhynchids in the genus Geosaurus, and all other Late Jurassic metriorhynchids were placed in Metriorhynchus (Fraas 1902, Andrews 1913, Mercier 1933). In these ergotaxonomies the ‘ Geosaurus morphotype’ evolved independently multiple times [three times in Fraas (1902) and twice under Mercier (1933)], and most Metriorhynchus species were more closely related to one of the Geosaurus lineages or Dakosaurus than to other species assigned to the genus Metriorhynchus. Dakosaurus as defined by Fraas (1902) is also polyphyletic, as it included Plesiosuchus manselii, a Late Jurassic species more closely related to a Middle Jurassic ‘ Metriorhynchus ’ species (Suchodus durobrivensis) than to Dakosaurus maximus (see phylogenetic results herein, and Young et al. 2012 a). To be clear, we are not criticizing the ergotaxonomic systematizations of earlier generations, not only was there a smaller sample set of thalattosuchian fossils, but a different systematic paradigm was in place. But systematics is a science, and over the past 100 years new data has been accumulated from across the world. Hypotheses have to be re-evaluated in the light of new evidence, and we have to ask ourselves, what is the utility of an ergotaxonomy in which the genera included are paraphyletic and / or polyphyletic? How can we discuss the biodiversity or evolutionary trends within Metriorhynchidae but at the same time have multiple lineages called Geosaurus, or Dakosaurus? Especially when there are pre-existing generic names that could be ‘ resurrected’ and assigned to these other lineages [as was done by Young and Andrade (2009) and Young et al. (2012 a)]. Using Metriorhynchus as a ‘ wastebasket’ for all metriorhynchids that do not fall within Geosaurus or Dakosaurus simply obscures the morphological diversity present (e. g. see: Young et al. 2010, 2013, 2021).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF85730779FD0D000FBDFB1C.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1018. Type genus: Metriorhynchus von Meyer, 1832.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF85730779FD0D000FBDFB1C.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Metriorhynchus ’. The stem Metriorhynch - is based on the genus Metriorhynchus. - inae, is a Latin feminine plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - inae denotes a subfamily rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF85730779FD0D000FBDFB1C.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (middle Callovian) to Early Cretaceous (early Valanginian) (Andrews 1913, Young et al. 2010, Sachs et al. 2020). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The smallest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Rhacheosaurus gracilis von Meyer, 1831, Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl 1829), and Gracilineustes leedsi (Andrews 1913). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF85730779FD0D000FBDFB1C.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (4): reduction in external ornamentation on the maxilla (shared with the South American ‘ Metriorhynchus ’ species, Torvoneustes, the ‘ E’ - clade, Plesiosuchus, Geosaurus, and Dakosaurus andiniensis) (18.0 – 2); lack of ornamentation on the intertemporal bar (shared with Torvoneustes, Geosaurus, and Dakosaurus) (24.1); posterodorsal retraction of the posterior margin of the narial fossa (shared with Torvoneustes and the ‘ E’ - clade) (104.2 – 6); the humerus is shorter than the scapula (749.2).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF85730779FD0D000FBDFB1C.taxon	discussion	Composition Gracilineustes, Maledictosuchus, Metriorhynchus, and the subclade Rhacheosaurini. Comments Authorship: While the nomen Metriorhynchinae was first used by Lydekker (1888 a), under the Zoological Code Fitzinger 1843 is the nominal authority. The nominal author of a family-group is the author who first erected a family-group taxon that is valid (in fulfilment of Article 11), and in accordance with the Zoological Code Principle of Coordination applied to family-group names (Article 36.1). Under the PhyloCode, the nominal authority is Lydekker (1888 a). Prior phylogenetic definition: Young and Andrade (2009) defined Metriorhynchinae as the most inclusive clade including Metriorhynchus geoffroyii von Meyer, 1832, but not Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816). Here we have decided to choose a more stable clade to attach the nomen Metriorhynchinae to, to ensure future ergotaxonomic and nomenclatural stability. In some datasets Thalattosuchus superciliosus is the basalmost member of Metriorhynchinae (e. g. Young et al. 2021), whereas in other datasets Thalattosuchus falls outside of Metriorhynchidae sensu Young and Andrade (2009) (see: Wilberg 2015 b, Wilberg et al. 2023). Given the instability of Thalattosuchus, and how well supported the Gracilineustes + Rhacheosaurini clade is, we have decided to make the latter Metriorhynchinae. Discussion: The most recent list of characters used to diagnose Metriorhynchinae comes from Young and Andrade (2009). However, our knowledge of thalattosuchians has expanded since then, and only three of those characters can define a clade: atlas intercentrum subequal in length to atlas centrum (675.1); posterior cervical vertebra centra length is less than centrum height (697.2); tibia being shorter than the femur (less than 40 %) (805.4). Unfortunately, these characters are not well sampled, and the final character also unites Neustosaurus with Metriorhynchinae. The Valanginian genera Enaliosuchus and Neustosaurus are extremely poorly understood (Raspail 1842, Koken 1883, Piveteau 1928, Sachs et al. 2020) and them being a clade of early diverging metriorhynchines creates a ghost lineage spanning from the Valanginian into the Bathonian. Moreover, the position of Thalattosuchus superciliosus is unstable between different datasets. Sometimes Thalattosuchus is recovered as the first early diverging metriorhynchine (e. g. Young et al. 2021), whereas in other datasets Thalattosuchus is the sister-taxon to Metriorhynchinae + Geosaurinae (Wilberg 2015 b, Wilberg et al. 2023). Given the instability of Thalattosuchus, and how well supported the Gracilineustes + Rhacheosaurini clade is, we have decided to make the latter clade Metriorhynchinae.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF88730479C90D120D8CFEDA.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1019.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF88730479C90D120D8CFEDA.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Rhacheosaurus von Meyer, 1831.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF88730479C90D120D8CFEDA.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Rhacheosaurus ’. The stem Rhacheosaur - is based on the genus Rhacheosaurus. - ini is a Latin masculine plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - ini denotes a tribe rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF88730479C90D120D8CFEDA.taxon	description	Geological range Late Jurassic (late Kimmeridgian) to Early Cretaceous (early Valanginian) (Young et al. 2010, Sachs et al. 2020). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Rhacheosaurus gracilis von Meyer, 1831, but not Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl 1829), and Gracilineustes leedsi (Andrews 1913). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF88730479C90D120D8CFEDA.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (5): external nares oriented dorsally (shared with derived members of the ‘ E’ - clade) (95. 2); posterodorsal retraction of the posterior margin of the narial fossa (shared with the ‘ E’ - clade) (104.3 – 6); external nares have a fully ossified internarial premaxillary bar (105.2); absence of a constriction at the premaxilla – maxilla suture (shared with the ‘ E’ - clade, Plesiosuchus and Dakosaurus) (114.0); one-third or less of total premaxilla length is posterior to the external nares (127.3). Potentially diagnostic characters The following four characters may be diagnostic for Rhacheosaurini, however, at present we do not know if they could be more widely distributed within Metriorhynchinae or more restricted to the Rhacheosaurus + Cricosaurus subclade. Only the discovery of more complete specimens within Rhacheosaurini, and non-rhacheosaurin metriorhynchines will answer this: 25 presacral vertebrae (686.1); increase in the number of caudal vertebrae, such that there are 50 or more (713.1); humerus proximal region confined to the proximal surface (753.0); humerus diaphysis contributes less than 25 % of total humerus length (758.2). The character: anterior margin of the frontoparietal fossae (in dorsal view) terminates level to the postorbital anterior margin, or anterior to it (192.2), is equivocal due to the instability within Metriorhynchinae, and which taxa fall within Rhacheosaurini.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF88730479C90D120D8CFEDA.taxon	discussion	Composition Rhacheosaurus, Cricosaurus, and multiple taxa that do not have a valid generic assignment (e. g. ‘ Metriorhynchus ’ palpebrosus, ‘ Cricosaurus ’ saltillensis, and the Cretaceous rhacheosaurin). Comments Authorship: The nomen Rhacheosaurini was first used by Young et al. (2011). Prior phylogenetic definition: Young et al. (2011 a) defined Rhacheosaurini as the most inclusive clade, including Rhacheosaurus gracilis von Meyer, 1831 but not Metriorhynchus geoffroyii von Meyer, 1832, and Gracilineustes leedsi (Andrews 1913).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B730479D2095509D3FDC6.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1020.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B730479D2095509D3FDC6.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Geosaurus Cuvier, 1824.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B730479D2095509D3FDC6.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Geosaurus ’. The stem Geosaur - is based on the genus Geosaurus. - inae, is a Latin feminine plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - inae denotes a subfamily rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B730479D2095509D3FDC6.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (early Bathonian) to Early Cretaceous (earliest Aptian) (Cau and Fanti 2011, Chiarenza et al. 2015, Sachs et al. 2020). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816) but not Rhacheosaurus gracilis von Meyer, 1831, Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl 1829), and Gracilineustes leedsi (Andrews 1913). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B730479D2095509D3FDC6.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (6): cranial rostrum with a mesorostrine condition created by elongation of the maxilla (shared with ‘ Cricosaurus ’ saltillensis) (7.1); cranial rostrum wider than high (8.0); anterior margin of the choana is ‘ M’ - shaped (shared with Maledictosuchus) (379.2); paroccipital process largely horizontal, with the lateral ends sharply inclined (415.2); surangular along the dorsal margin of the mandible does not extend anteriorly beyond the orbits (545.0); 20 or fewer maxillary alveoli (within Metriorhynchidae, shared with the Cretaceous rhacheosaurin) (594.1 – 3). Potentially diagnostic characters Depending on the phylogenetic position of the South American ‘ Metriorhynchus ’ species, the dentition having true denticles (653.1 – 2) could be diagnostic for Geosaurinae or a more inclusive subclade. The posterior cervical vertebral centra being subequal in length and width (699.1) may be diagnostic to Geosaurinae, within Metriorhynchidae this character is only known amongst geosaurines.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B730479D2095509D3FDC6.taxon	discussion	Composition Neptunidraco, the subclade Geosaurini, and multiple taxa that do not have a valid generic assignment (e. g. ‘ Metriorhynchus ’ brachyrhynchus, the ‘ E’ - clade, and the indeterminate specimens in Plesiosuchina and Dakosaurina). Comments Authorship: The nomen Geosaurinae was first used by Bonaparte (1845: 4), as Geosaurina, not Lydekker (1888 a) as reported by Young and Andrade (2009). Prior phylogenetic definition: Young and Andrade (2009) defined Geosaurinae as the most inclusive clade, including Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816), but not Metriorhynchus geoffroyii von Meyer, 1832. Here we have added Rhacheosaurus gracilis and Gracilineustes leedsi as external specifiers, as they are now internal specifiers for Metriorhynchinae.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B73037A130A490FCAFB13.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1021.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B73037A130A490FCAFB13.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Geosaurus Cuvier 1824.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B73037A130A490FCAFB13.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Geosaurus ’. The stem Geosaur - is based on the genus Geosaurus. - ini is a Latin masculine plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - ini denotes a tribe rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B73037A130A490FCAFB13.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (early Callovian) to Early Cretaceous (earliest Aptian) (Young et al. 2013, 2023 a, Chiarenza et al. 2015, Foffa et al. 2018, Sachs et al. 2020). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The smallest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos Young et al., 2013, Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816), Torvoneustes carpenteri (Wilkinson et al. 2008), and Dakosaurus maximus (Plieninger 1846). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B73037A130A490FCAFB13.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (4): prefrontal lateral border is a continuous convex curve, with an inflexion point of approximately 60 – 70 ° from the anteroposterior axis of the skull (209.1); coronoid process ventral to both the retroarticular process and glenoid process (488.1); deeply excavated surangulodentary groove (529.2); enlargement of the anterior maxillary tooth crowns (626.1 – 2).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8B73037A130A490FCAFB13.taxon	discussion	Composition Tyrannoneustes, Purranisaurus, Torvoneustes, the subclade Geosaurina, the subclade Plesiosuchina, the subclade Dakosaurina, and multiple taxa that do not have a valid generic assignment. Comments Authorship: The nomen Geosaurini was first used by Cau and Fanti (2011), however, under the Zoological Code Bonaparte 1845 is the nominal authority. The nominal author of a family-group is the author who first erected a family-group taxon that is valid (in fulfilment of Article 11), and in accordance with the Zoological Code Principle of Coordination applied to family-group names (Article 36.1). Under the PhyloCode, Cau and Fanti (2011) is the nominal authority. Prior phylogenetic definition: Cau and Fanti (2011) defined Geosaurini as the least inclusive clade, including Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816), Torvoneustes carpenteri (Wilkinson et al. 2008), and Dakosaurus maximus (Plieninger 1846). Here we have added Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos to the list of internal specifiers. Characteristics: Many of the tooth crown characters (including those relating to the reduction in number, increase in crown size, and those scoring for contiguous denticles) independently evolved in lineages within Geosaurini rather than at the base of the clade (e. g. see: Foffa et al. 2018). The discovery that the geosaurin lineages originated in the Middle Jurassic (e. g. Foffa et al. 2018) and the discovery of Tyrannoneustes (Young et al. 2013, Foffa and Young 2014) have altered character polarity at the base of the clade. Cau and Fanti (2011: 551) listed the following characters as being diagnostic for Geosaurini: the presence of prefrontal with the inflexion point directed caudally at an angle of less than 70 ° from the rostrocaudal axis of the skull; the presence of a very narrow (close to 45 °) angle between the medial and the caudolateral processes of the frontal; by the caudal expansion of the supratemporal fossa beyond the parietal; the reduction of the basal tubera; the elongation of the maxillary tooth crowns; and the reduction of the humerus. Two out of five of those characters still define the clade Dakosaurus + Plesiosuchus + Torvoneustes.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C730379A70D1C0978FB72.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1022.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C730379A70D1C0978FB72.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Geosaurus Cuvier, 1824.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C730379A70D1C0978FB72.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Geosaurus ’. The stem Geosaur - is based on the genus Geosaurus. - ina, is a Latin neuter plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - ina denotes a subtribe rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C730379A70D1C0978FB72.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (middle Callovian) to Early Cretaceous (late Valanginian) (Debelmas and Strannoloubsky 1956, Foffa et al. 2018). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816), but not Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl 1829), Plesiosuchus manselii (Hulke 1870), Torvoneustes carpenteri (Wilkinson et al. 2008), and Dakosaurus maximus (Plieninger 1846). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C730379A70D1C0978FB72.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (5): maxilla ornamented with a conspicuous-to-faint pitted pattern (18.1); presence of apicobasal facets on the labial surface of the tooth crowns (within Thalattosuchia shared with Cricosaurus puelchorum) (639.1); presence of laminar tooth crowns (within Thalattosuchia shared with Cricosaurus puelchorum) (640.1); maxillary overbite of the dentary dentition at the mid-dentition (660.1) and posterior dentition (661.1).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C730379A70D1C0978FB72.taxon	discussion	Composition Ieldraan and Geosaurus. Comments Authorship: The nomen Geosaurina was first used by Foffa et al. (2018), however under the Zoological Code Bonaparte 1845 is the nominal authority. The nominal author of a family-group is the author who first erected a family-group taxon that is valid (in fulfilment of Article 11), and in accordance with the Zoological Code Principle of Coordination applied to family-group names (Article 36.1). Under the PhyloCode, Foffa et al. (2018) is the nominal authority. Prior phylogenetic definition: Foffa et al. (2018) did not phylogenetically define Geosaurina.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C73027A080CBD0CACFDB9.taxon	description	RegNum registration number 1023.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C73027A080CBD0CACFDB9.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Plesiosuchus Owen, 1884.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C73027A080CBD0CACFDB9.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Plesiosuchus ’. The stem Plesiosuch - is based on the genus Plesiosuchus. - ina, is a Latin neuter plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - ina denotes a subtribe rank within the family-group.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C73027A080CBD0CACFDB9.taxon	description	Geological range Middle Jurassic (middle Callovian) to Early Cretaceous (earliest Aptian) (Young et al. 2013, Chiarenza et al. 2015, Foffa et al. 2018, Sachs et al. 2020). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Plesiosuchus manselii (Hulke 1870), but not Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl 1829), Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816), Torvoneustes carpenteri (Wilkinson et al. 2008), and Dakosaurus maximus (Plieninger 1846). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C73027A080CBD0CACFDB9.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (3): quadrate intercondyle groove incipient at best (473.1); sharp dorsal inclination of the mandibular rami, with a distinctive ‘ kink’ along the ventral margin (489.1); ‘ chisel’ - shaped or rectangular denticles (655.0).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8C73027A080CBD0CACFDB9.taxon	discussion	Composition Suchodus and Plesiosuchus, and the indeterminate specimens from the Early Cretaceous referred to this clade (e. g. Young et al. 2013, Chiarenza et al. 2015).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8D730279D10A760EF6FEDF.taxon	description	Dakosaurina new clade name (PhyloCode) ZooBank registration number http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 66201750 - 04 AE- 43 A 7 - B 383 - FE 7232 F 08166. RegNum registration number 1024.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8D730279D10A760EF6FEDF.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Dakosaurus Quenstedt, 1856.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8D730279D10A760EF6FEDF.taxon	etymology	Etymology ‘ Pertaining to Dakosaurus’. The stem Dakosaur- is based on the genus Plesiosuchus. - ina, is a Latin neuter plural suffix for ‘ pertaining to’. Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix - ina denotes a subtribe rank within the family-group. Geological range	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8D730279D10A760EF6FEDF.taxon	description	Middle Jurassic (middle Callovian) to Early Cretaceous (early Berriasian) (Herrera et al. 2015, Foffa et al. 2018, Fernández et al. 2019). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Dakosaurus maximus (Plieninger 1846), but not Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl, 1828), Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816), Plesiosuchus manselii (Hulke 1870), Torvoneustes carpenteri (Wilkinson et al. 2008). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8D730279D10A760EF6FEDF.taxon	diagnosis	Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (3): amblygnathic rostrum (9.1); aligned set of large foramina ventral to the jugal anterior process (within Thalattosuchia, shared with Cricosaurus rauhuti and a specimen referred to Rhacheosaurus gracilis) (156.1); and macrowear along the mesiodistal (carinae) margins of the tooth crowns (646.1).	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
03D08506FF8D730279D10A760EF6FEDF.taxon	discussion	Composition Dakosaurus and undescribed Middle Jurassic specimens. Comments Authorship: The use of ‘ Dakosaurina’ in Foffa et al. (2018) does not conform to a valid establishment under either the Zoological Code or the PhyloCode, and has only been used as an informal term. Prior phylogenetic definition: This clade has never been phylogenetically defined.	en	Young, Mark T., Wilberg, Eric W., Johnson, Michela M., Herrera, Yanina, Brandalise, Marco de Andrade, Brignon, Arnaud, Sachs, Sven, Abel, Pascal, Foffa, Davide, Fernández, Marta S., Vignaud, Patrick, Cowgill, Thomas, Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024): The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2): 547-617, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165
