identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
22BD6F0D147C5F50844B123996602606.text	22BD6F0D147C5F50844B123996602606.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neritidae Rafinesque 1815	<div><p>Family Neritidae Rafinesque, 1815</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Theodoxus and Neritina are distinguished from each other by their ontogeny (Bandel 2001). While the Theodoxus species hatch from the spawn as miniature adult, Nertina species leave their spawn as planktotrophic larva that will float in the sea for a more or less extended period before its metamorphosis to a crawling young. However, at the adult stage the taxonomic separation of species of the genera Theodoxus and Neritina is not always easy. As most of the Neritina spp. are marine species and usually have a denticulate border of the columella and two apophysis of the operculum, most species of the genus Theodoxus are limnic and have a smooth border of the columella and one apophysis (the “rib”); some also have a small apophysis, the peg, on the operculum (Glöer 2002). Further, in Neritina the peg is thick and strong, while in Theodoxus it is, if exists at all, small and weak. A revision of this family, particularly its subdivion in clearly defined genera is needed.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/22BD6F0D147C5F50844B123996602606	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
B56579DD2D3F5D8D3ECCE4049BE4A7C5.text	B56579DD2D3F5D8D3ECCE4049BE4A7C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neritina mesopotamica Martens 1874	<div><p>Neritina mesopotamica Martens, 1874 Figs 2a-c</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Khuzestan Province (Mansoorian 2001).</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p>Zoological Museum Berlin (ZMB), " Neritina (Neritaea) anatolica var. mesopotamica, Ras el Ain, Mesopot. Hausknecht".</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>The height of the largest shell of the examined syntypes from Zoological Museum Berlin was 7 mm. Mansoorian (1994) in his identification key described shell of this species as being 14 mm high. Considering his photos (Mansoorian 1994), he probably confused it with Neritina schlaeflii Mousson, 1874 (Figs 2f-g).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iraq, Iran (Khuzestan).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B56579DD2D3F5D8D3ECCE4049BE4A7C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
86E11312270B8758C09A10EE9D91A7EB.text	86E11312270B8758C09A10EE9D91A7EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neritina cinctellus (Martens 1874)	<div><p>Neritina cinctellus (Martens, 1874)</p> <p>Theodoxus cinctellus Martens, 1874. Syn.</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Khuzestan Province (Chu et al. 1968, Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979).</p> <p>Remark. According to the original description (Martens 1874) this species is characterized by the presence of denticulated border of the columella, and should be ascertained to the genus Neritina.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iraq, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/86E11312270B8758C09A10EE9D91A7EB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
7D7F0BB0AC7018B29D245F3EDFCDCB7F.text	7D7F0BB0AC7018B29D245F3EDFCDCB7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neritina euphratica Mousson 1874	<div><p>Neritina euphratica Mousson, 1874 Figs 2d-e</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Khuzestan Province (Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979, Mansoorian 2001).</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>This speciesis characterized by a small shell with 6 mm in height and a small spire. The boder of the columella is straight and not denticulated. The operculum has a rib which is attenuated at its basis, the peg is thick and strong and split in two parts (fig. 2e).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iraq, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D7F0BB0AC7018B29D245F3EDFCDCB7F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
8A922068341A7348CFFE61D236BC55F9.text	8A922068341A7348CFFE61D236BC55F9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Figs 3c 11a</p> <p>Theodoxus doriae Issel, 1865 (synonymy)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>(all mentioned as Theodoxus doriae Issel): Kerman (Issel 1863, Martens 1874, Biggs 1937); Gilan, Mazandaran and Lorestan Province (Mansoorian 2000).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Fars Province: IR13-07 [3 ex.]; IR14-07 [2 ex.]; Khorrasan Province: IR76-05 [1 ex]; IR 64-05 [1 ex.]; IR78a-05 [2 ex.]; IR79-05 [1 ex.]; Hormozgan Province: IR 17-11 [5 ex.]</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Melanopsis sp., Radix sp., Planorbis intermixtus, Farsithyra farsensis, Physella acuta.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Martens (1879) synonymised Theodoxus doriae, the species reported by Issel (1863) from S Iran, with Theodoxus fluviatilis. Later on, Mansoorian (2000) described the operculum of Theodoxus doriae, which has only a rib, no peg. However, the shell illustrated by Mansoorian (1994) agrees well with Theodoxus fluviatilis. Thus we follow Martens’ (1879) synonymisation of Theodoxus doriae with Theodoxus fluviatilis. Our samples revealed onlythe presence of Theodoxus fluviatilis.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>W- to Central-Palaearctic. Theodoxus fluviatilis has been considered by many authors to be an exclusively European species (see e.g. Zhadin 1952, Glöer 2002). But Bourguignat (1864), Brown (1994) and Van Damme (1984) mentioned it from NW Africa (Morocco, Algeria). Records of this species in Turkey (Yıldırım 1994), and in Iran, confirm its wide distribution. However, it does not occur in Siberia (Vinarski, pers. comm.).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8A922068341A7348CFFE61D236BC55F9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
19AA2FF739F302A05B0EEE1DAD0EDD68.text	19AA2FF739F302A05B0EEE1DAD0EDD68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Theodoxus lituratus Eichwald 1838	<div><p>Theodoxus lituratus Eichwald, 1838</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kerman Province (Biggs 1971); Mazandaran Province (Eichwald 1838, Eliazian et al. 1979).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>This species has been described from the Caspian Sea. According to the original description (Eichwald 1838) this species is very distinct from the other Theodoxus spp. mentioned here.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/19AA2FF739F302A05B0EEE1DAD0EDD68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
7452BD0D9D1DCA3D4D8A8AD102F9D037.text	7452BD0D9D1DCA3D4D8A8AD102F9D037.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Theodoxus pallida Dunker 1861	<div><p>Theodoxus pallida Dunker, 1861 Figs 3a-b</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Isfahan and Fars Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p>NHMW 75000/E/50824, " Theodoxus pallidus Dunker" Persien, Brackiger Quellsee, 500 m, nördl. vom Niris-see, leg. Starmühlner 1949.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957) provide a detailed description of the anatomy of this species but did not consider the operculum, the most important diagnostic feature. On the other hand, as figured in Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957), the receptaculum seminis and the bursa copulatrix differ in length (while being of equal length in Theodoxus fluviatilis).</p> <p>The re-examination of the specimens of Theodoxus pallida (Dunker, 1862) from Edlauer’s collection in NHMW clearly shows that this species is distinct from Theodoxus fluviatilis due to the shape of shell and the operculum (Fig. 3). As already mentioned by Dunker (1862) the spire in Theodoxus pallida is higher than in Theodoxus fluviatilis,and furthermore the apophysis of the operculum is broader and not attenuated at its basis (Fig. 3c). In addition the callus at border of the operculum in Theodoxus pallida is much stronger (Fig. 3c arrow).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7452BD0D9D1DCA3D4D8A8AD102F9D037	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
9D8F43644EE20C730F28FE2676BDC0D9.text	9D8F43644EE20C730F28FE2676BDC0D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck 1822)	<div><p>Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck, 1822)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Khuzestan Province (Chu et al. 1968, Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979, Mansoorian 1994, 2001), Mazandaran Province (Mansoorian 2000).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>According to Ramakrishna and Dey (2007) this species is widely distributed on the Indian subcontinent.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9D8F43644EE20C730F28FE2676BDC0D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
51FEB04B4B69B520E5135A8F65B5FECF.text	51FEB04B4B69B520E5135A8F65B5FECF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bellamya hilmandensis (Kobelt 1909)	<div><p>Bellamya hilmandensis (Kobelt, 1909)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (Annandale et al. 1919).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/51FEB04B4B69B520E5135A8F65B5FECF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
6FA98D7701E512011CFCC7F5038F97B5.text	6FA98D7701E512011CFCC7F5038F97B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanopsis costata (Olivier 1804)	<div><p>Melanopsis costata (Olivier, 1804) Fig. 11e</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kerman Province(Martens 1874); Khuzestan Province (Prashad 1921, Chu et al. 1968, as Melanopsis nodos a: Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979, Mansoorian 2001).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Fars Province: IR13-07 [23 ad., 25 juv.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Farsithyra farsensis.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine, Iraq, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6FA98D7701E512011CFCC7F5038F97B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
3B238EAEFB5DB59536175A4EE3391F16.text	3B238EAEFB5DB59536175A4EE3391F16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanopsis doriae Issel 1865	<div><p>Melanopsis doriae Issel, 1865 Fig. 4</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kerman Province (Issel 1863, Martens 1874, Biggs 1936, 1937, Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, 1961, 1965); Fars Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Yazd Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Khuzestan Province (Mansoorian 1994, 2001); Mazandaran Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, Mansoorian 2000); Gilan Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Bushehr Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Hormozgan Province: IR17-11 [2 ex.]; IR19-11 [1 ex.].</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p>NHMW " Melanopsis doriae Issel" Persien, Kerman, aus teilweise eingestürztem Kanal, leg. Starmühlner 1949/50.</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Melanoides tuberculatus, Thiara scabra, Farsithyra farsensis.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957) studied the anatomy of Melanopsis doriae and Melanopsis kotschyi showing differences in the nervous system. Furthermore they found differences in some features of the opercula between these species, and showed a strong morphological plasticity of the shells (see: Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, plate 1: Figs g’, g’’, g’’’ and h’, h’’). Re-examintion of Melanopsis doriae from Edlauer’s collection in NHMW shows that the shell (Fig. 4) is slimmer than the shell of Melanopsis sp.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B238EAEFB5DB59536175A4EE3391F16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
DB9DC6631E125362956EECB49F697299.text	DB9DC6631E125362956EECB49F697299.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanopsis Ferussac 1807	<div><p>Genus Melanopsis Ferussac, 1807</p> <p>Type species.</p> <p>Buccinum praemorsum Linnaeus, 1758</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>Melanopsis praerosa L. is a misspelling of Melanopsis praemorsa L.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DB9DC6631E125362956EECB49F697299	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
21A763393224ECCB15312DF4B57938E5.text	21A763393224ECCB15312DF4B57938E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanopsis kotschyi Philippi 1847	<div><p>Melanopsis kotschyi Philippi, 1847</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Fars Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Seeremarks under previous species.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/21A763393224ECCB15312DF4B57938E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
90E944E7242BD076C200EF0753CA2440.text	90E944E7242BD076C200EF0753CA2440.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanopsis Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Melanopsis sp. Fig. 11d</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kerman Province (as Melanopsis variabilis: Martens 1874); Seistan and Baluchistan Province (as Melanopsis deserticola: Annandale and Prashad 1919); Isfahan and Yazd provinces (Biggs 1937); Fars province (as Melanopsis buccinoidea variabilis: Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, as Melanopsis praerosa: Starmühlner 1961); Khuzestan Province (Chu et al. 1968, as Melanopsis praerosa: Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979, Manssorian 2001).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province: IR02-05 [11 ad., 48 juv.]; Khorrasan Province: IR64-05 [12 ad., 39 juv.]; IR79-05 [3 ad., 4 juv.]; IR78a-05 [8 ad., 15 juv.]; IR78c-05 [2 ex.]; Fars Province: IR17-07 [2 ex]; Hormozgan Province: IR19-11 [21 ex.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Galba truncatula, Theodoxus fluviatilis, Planorbis intermixtus, Grossuana sp., Farsithyra farsensis.</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>The species of this genus have a high morphological plasticity and many species have been described. Glaubrecht (1993) tried to solve the complicated taxonomy by proposing to consider all circum-Mediterranean Melanopsis spp. as being part of one ‘superspecies’, Melanopsis praemorsa. However, we follow Neubert (1998) who believes that this approach does not solve the problem. In recent literature the ‘superspecies’ notion tends to be abandoned and the former species names are being reinstituted (see: Heller et al. 2005; Van Damme et al. 2010. This means that the smooth unsculptured species Melanopsis praemorsa sensu stricto (terra typica: Spain) is actually a western Mediterranean species and that unsculptured morphs from the Levant belong to other species, such as Melanopsis buccinoidea, Melanopsis ammonis, Melanopsis dircaena, Melanopsis khabourensis and Melanopsis meiostoma (Heller et al. 2005). Those from Mesopotamia have been described under Melanopsis variabilis, Melanopsis deserticola, Melanopsis buccinoidea and Melanopsis praemorsa. Further study is necessary to establish under which name or names the Iranian populations should be placed.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/90E944E7242BD076C200EF0753CA2440	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
3D8EEDFACC858B71545CDD36B6CA7F3A.text	3D8EEDFACC858B71545CDD36B6CA7F3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerithidea cingulata (Gmelin 1790)	<div><p>Cerithidea cingulata (Gmelin, 1790) Fig. 8c</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Hormozgan Province (Ghasemi et al. 2011).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Hormozgan Province:IR14-11 [21 ad., 6 juv.]; IR-20-11 [10 ex.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Ecrobia grimmi, Pseudamnicola sp.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Indo-Pacific coast.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D8EEDFACC858B71545CDD36B6CA7F3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
B95A7E5641225A208547103C200115E6.text	B95A7E5641225A208547103C200115E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thiara scabra (O. F. Mueller 1774)	<div><p>Thiara scabra (O.F. Mueller, 1774) Fig. 12c</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (as Melanoides scabra var. elegans: Annandale and Prashad 1919); Isfahan Province (as Melanoides scabra: Biggs (1937); Hormozgan Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Hormozgan Province: IR08-11 [13 ex.]; IR17-11 [2 ex.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Farsithyra farsensis, Melanoides tuberculatus, Physella acuta, Melanopsis doriae.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Indo-Pacific coasts.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B95A7E5641225A208547103C200115E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
90CDA5A8FE325F038D1BE81D6E2B5B6E.text	90CDA5A8FE325F038D1BE81D6E2B5B6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bithynia (Bithynia) forcarti Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Bithynia (Bithynia) forcarti sp. n. Figs 5a-b</p> <p>Type locality.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province, Tschalekuti.</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>(NMB 11517a): shell height 7.5 mm, width 5.6 mm.</p> <p>Paratypes.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province, Tschalekuti (NMB 11517a, 26 ex.), Geniste d. Babul (NMB 11517b, 1 ex., NMB 11571c, 10 ex.)</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named after Lothar Forcart in appreciation on his studies of Iranian freshwater snails.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>The whitish shell is conical with 5.5 whorls, which are convex with a deep suture and a small and acute apex. The convex whorls are flattened at the suture. The umbilicus is open. The aperture is ovate, angled at the top. The margin of the aperture is, from lateral view, slightly sinuated. The surface is smooth with fine growth lines. Shell height 5.5 - 7.5 mm, width 5.0 - 5.6 mm.</p> <p>Differentiating features.</p> <p>Due to theshape of the aperture (angled at the top), Bithynia forcarti sp. n. resembles Bithynia mazandaranensis sp. n. (see below). However, from the latter species it can be easily distinguished by the stepped whorls.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Formerly (Forcart 1935) this species has been confused with Bithynia tentaculata.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/90CDA5A8FE325F038D1BE81D6E2B5B6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
E476892CC5D2533CB6242ECF8561D825.text	E476892CC5D2533CB6242ECF8561D825.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bithynia (Bithynia) tentaculata (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Bithynia (Bithynia) tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province (Mansoorian 2000); Gilan and Lorestan Province (Mansoorian 2000).</p> <p>Rejected records.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province (Forcart 1935).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>The Euro-Siberian species Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus 1758) has often been mentioned from Iran, Turkey and Greece. However, this species could not be found in Greece (Glöer et al. 2010) and probably does not occur in Turkey. The southern distribution border of this species lies possibly in N Bulgaria (Georgiev pers. comm.). An analysis of the specimens from NMB published by Forcart (1935) as Bithynia tentaculata shows that these specimens represent Bithynia forcarti sp. n. (see below). Thus, Bithynia tentaculata most probably does not occur in Iran and has been confused with Bithynia forcarti sp. n. or possibly with Bithynia mazandaranensis sp. n. (see below).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Euro-Siberian.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E476892CC5D2533CB6242ECF8561D825	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
12BAADFB2E94554C8EA219BB9614AA93.text	12BAADFB2E94554C8EA219BB9614AA93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanoides tuberculatus (O. F. Mueller 1774)	<div><p>Melanoides tuberculatus (O.F. Mueller, 1774) Fig. 12b</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province: IR8a-11 [5 juv.], IR8-11 [18 ex.]. Hormozgan Province: IR10-11 [3 ex.], IR17-11 [10 ad., 9 juv.], IR18-11 [1 ad., 8 juv.], IR19-11 [2 ex.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Melanopsis doriae, Thiara scabra, Farsithyra farsensis.</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kerman Province (as Melania tuberculata: Issel 1863), Martens 1874, Biggs 1936, 1937, Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Seistan and Baluchestan Province (as Melanoides pyramis, Melanoides tigrina: Annandale and Prashad 1919, Biggs 1937); Hormozgan Province (Biggs 1937, Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957), (as Melania tuberculata: Starmühlner (1961); Isfahan Province (Biggs 1937); Yazd Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, as Melania tuberculata: Starmühlner 1965); Khuzestan Province (Chu et al. 1968, Mansoorian 2001); South Iran (Manssorian 1994); Fars Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957): Mazandran Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, Mansoorian 2001).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>The species Melanoides pyramis and Melanoides tigrina, which have been mentioned by Annandale and Prashad (1911) from Seistan and Baluchistan, have been listed by Westerlund (1886) as subspecies. However, due to the high morphological plasticity of Melanoides tuberculatus and in absence of any geographical seperation of these taxa, we list all Melanoides taxa under Melanoides tuberculatus.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>S Asia, Arabia, Near East, Africa.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/12BAADFB2E94554C8EA219BB9614AA93	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
3E02793995925E9597FB1B6DE9DBBD46.text	3E02793995925E9597FB1B6DE9DBBD46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bithynia (Bithynia) starmuehlneri Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Bithynia (Bithynia) starmuehlneri sp. n. Figs 6a-c</p> <p>Bulimus (Bithynia) leachi troschelii: Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, non troschelii Paasch, 1842 (synonymy)</p> <p>Type locality.</p> <p>Border of Lake Urmia, W Azarbayian, 1949 leg. Starmühlner.</p> <p>Holotype.</p> <p>NHMW (50940): shell height 10.3 mm, width 5.6 mm.</p> <p>Paratypes.</p> <p>9 ex. from the type locality.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named after Ferdinand Starmühlner, who collected this species in 1949.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>The whitish shell is elongated conical with 6.5 whorls, which are convex with a deep suture and a small and acute apex. The umbilicus is open. The aperture is ovate. The margin of the aperture is, from lateral view, straight. The surface is smooth with fine growth lines. Shell height 8.2 - 10.3 mm, width 4.6 - 6.4 mm.</p> <p>Differentiating features.</p> <p>This slim species isthe largest Bithynia sp. known in Iran. It can be easily distinguished from the other Bithynia spp. by the larger dimensions of elongated shell with the stepped whorls and the not angled aperture.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>This species has been misidentified by Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957) with Bithynia troschelii.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E02793995925E9597FB1B6DE9DBBD46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
A55A2A3730815634BC50A54765CB9279.text	A55A2A3730815634BC50A54765CB9279.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bithynia (Bithynia) ejecta Mousson 1874	<div><p>Bithynia (Bithynia) ejecta Mousson, 1874</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Isfahan Province - (as Amnicola ejecta: Biggs 1937).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Probably due to the small size of this species, Biggs (1937) assigned this species belongs to the genus Amnicola, although Mousson (1874) described it as a Bythynia, and pointed out that the operculum is characteristic for Bythinia and different from Amnicola (syn. to Pseudamnicola). Furthermore, Biggs (1937) found his species in the mountains, while the original description of Bithynia ejecta comes from the lowland, indicating the Biggs’s species is not conspecific with Bithynia ejecta and probably represents an undescribed species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A55A2A3730815634BC50A54765CB9279	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
F5B4646CD8B25385B6584876348B51D0.text	F5B4646CD8B25385B6584876348B51D0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bithynia (Bithynia) mazandaranensis Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Bithynia (Bithynia) mazandaranensis sp. n. Figs 7a-d</p> <p>Type locality.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province, Nowshahr city, pond near Caspian Sea, 51°31'E, 36°38'N, 18 June 2005.</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>(ZMH 79369):Shell height 8.0 mm, width 5.0 mm.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named after the region where the species was collected.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>The horn-coloured shell is conical with 5.5 whorls, which are slightly convex with a clear suture and an acute apex. The umbilicus is closed. The aperture is ovate, angled at the top. The margin of the aperture is, from lateral view, sinuated. The surface bears a lattice structure. Shell height 8.0 mm, width 5.0 mm, aperture height 3.6 mm.</p> <p>Differentiating features.</p> <p>The new species resembles Bithynia tentaculata but differs from it by the following features: (i) the operculum is more angled (Fig. 7c), (ii) the whorls are more convex (Fig. 7a-b), and (iii) the surface has longitudinal and transverse striae (Fig. 7d).</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Planorbis carinatus, Anisus sp., Valvata cristata, Valvata nowshahrensis sp. n., Hippeutis complanatus.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Probably this species formerly (e.g., Mansoorian 2000) was confused with Bithynia tentaculata. Because we had only an empty shell of this species, we do not know if it belongs to the genus Bithynia or Pseudobithynia, so our generic assignment is tentative. To address this question, anatomical studies of more specimens are necessary.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F5B4646CD8B25385B6584876348B51D0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
AE767B6664E95A3EA317DCBB531527D6.text	AE767B6664E95A3EA317DCBB531527D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bithynia (Bithynia) rubens (Menke 1830)	<div><p>Bithynia (Bithynia) rubens (Menke, 1830)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>North Iran (Caspian Sea) - Eliazian et al. (1979).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>This species could not be found in any of the neighbouring countries of Iran. Eliazian et al. (1979) don’t mention the source that led to their identification. The record and taxonomic status of this species is questionable and needs new confirmation.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE767B6664E95A3EA317DCBB531527D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
B35C702742715A4F9471E00D33871C20.text	B35C702742715A4F9471E00D33871C20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bithynia (Gabbia) sistanica (Annandale & Prashad 1919)	<div><p>Bithynia (Gabbia) sistanica (Annandale &amp; Prashad, 1919)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (as Amnicola sistanica: Annandale and Prashad 1919).</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>Annadale and Prashad (1919) described this species as Amnicola (Alocinma) sistanica and depicted the penis morphology. Due to the presence of a penial appendix this species is ascertained to the genus Bithynia. The members of the genus Pseudamnicola (formerly Amnicola) have no penial appendix.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran; only known from N Seistan.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B35C702742715A4F9471E00D33871C20	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
6137B3BFD2365E61A7A705254DD4FDB4.text	6137B3BFD2365E61A7A705254DD4FDB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bithynia (Gabbia) Tryon 1865	<div><p>Subgenus Gabbia Tryon, 1865</p> <p>Gabbia australis Tryon, 1865. Type species.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Some authors (e.g Subba Rao 1989, Nesemann et al. 2007) mention Gabbia as a genus. However, it seems not possible to distinguish the genera of the Bithyniidae by the shape of opercula (Mandahl-Barth 1968) and/or by shell forms, because these characters are found to be variable. On the other hand, the examined material of the family of Bithyniidae can be easily separated by the characteristics of penis morphology (having a penial appendix: Bithynia Leach 1818; or lacking a penial appendix: Pseudobithynia Glöer &amp; Pešić 2006). In our study, we tentatively use the name Gabbia as a subgenus for small Bithynia species with a globular shell, originating from India.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6137B3BFD2365E61A7A705254DD4FDB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
838A863BD61331CF812423110ECEAE99.text	838A863BD61331CF812423110ECEAE99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ecrobia grimmi (Clessin & Dybowski 1888)	<div><p>Ecrobia grimmi (Clessin &amp; Dybowski, 1888) Figs 8a, c</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Hormozgan Province:IR14-11 [12 ad., 20 juv.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Cerithidea cingulata, Heleobia dalmatica, Pseudamnicola sp.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>On the base of molecular results, Haase et al. (2010) concluded that Ecrobia grimmi from the mixomesohaline Lake Sawa (Iraq) was possibly transported by migrating birds from the Caspian Sea. The identification of our material of Ecrobia grimmi as well of Heleobia dalmatica was confirmed by using molecular techniques (Martin Haase pers. communication). An analysis of the specimens from NHMW published by Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957) as Hydrobia acuta shows that these specimens probably belong to Ecrobia grimmi (see Fig. 8c).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Caspian Sea; Iraq, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/838A863BD61331CF812423110ECEAE99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
9F51DD1A353C9C24A1A54864F24D12D6.text	9F51DD1A353C9C24A1A54864F24D12D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Heleobia dalmatica (Radoman 1974)	<div><p>Heleobia dalmatica (Radoman, 1974) Fig. 8b</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Hormozgan Province:IR14-11 [12 ad., 20 juv.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Cerithidea cingulata,, Ecrobia grimmi, Pseudamnicola sp.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>New for Iran.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Previously only known from the brackish part of rivers along the coast of Croatia (Radoman 1983).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F51DD1A353C9C24A1A54864F24D12D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
95E2D396992246E2B5C289C055B044D3.text	95E2D396992246E2B5C289C055B044D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hydrobia acuta (Draparnaud 1805)	<div><p>Hydrobia acuta (Draparnaud, 1805)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Isfahan Province (Biggs 1971).</p> <p>Rejected records.</p> <p>Fars Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>Probably this species has been confused with one of the following species (Ecrobia grimmi, Heleobia dalmatica), so all former records of this species in Iran are questionable. The record for this species is kept until the original material of Biggs could be studied.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/95E2D396992246E2B5C289C055B044D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
6823242D58CD9C92827B2AF144765E4B.text	6823242D58CD9C92827B2AF144765E4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudamnicola kotschyi v. Frauenfeld 1863	<div><p>Pseudamnicola kotschyi v. Frauenfeld, 1863</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Isfahan Province (Starmühlner 1961, 1965).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran: Isfahan Province; endemic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6823242D58CD9C92827B2AF144765E4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
7626409BEB72584580D438B0353D2AA0.text	7626409BEB72584580D438B0353D2AA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudamnicola saboori Gloeer & Pesic 2009	<div><p>Pseudamnicola saboori Gloeer &amp; Pesic, 2009 Fig. 12h</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Khorasan and Markazi Provinces (Glöer and Pešić 2009).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran: Khorasan and Markazi Provinces.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7626409BEB72584580D438B0353D2AA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
76FA4E41BC915A508106FAF537433A27.text	76FA4E41BC915A508106FAF537433A27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudobithynia irana Gloeer & Pesic 2006	<div><p>Pseudobithynia irana Gloeer &amp; Pesic, 2006 Fig. 12k</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Markazi and Lorestan Provinces (Glöer and Pešić 2006).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Lorestan Province:IR26-07 [10 ex.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Planorbis intermixtus, Radix sp.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran; Markazi and Lorestan Provinces.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/76FA4E41BC915A508106FAF537433A27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
44610D44DC335DAFAD2C014B9B3EAFA9.text	44610D44DC335DAFAD2C014B9B3EAFA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudobithynia zagrosia Gloeer & Pesic 2009	<div><p>Pseudobithynia zagrosia Gloeer &amp; Pesic, 2009 Fig. 12l</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Fars Province (Glöer and Pešić 2009).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran; known only from the locus typicus (Dasht Arzhan village, Shiraz to Kazerum road).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/44610D44DC335DAFAD2C014B9B3EAFA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
305609DE2DC257F78C982C3B3AFDF362.text	305609DE2DC257F78C982C3B3AFDF362.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudamnicola zagrosensis Gloeer & Pesic 2009	<div><p>Pseudamnicola zagrosensis Gloeer &amp; Pesic, 2009 Fig. 12i</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kermanshah Province - Glöer and Pešić (2009).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran: Kermanshah Province.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/305609DE2DC257F78C982C3B3AFDF362	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
5B72A13A210497E7FA853A5A700278E1.text	5B72A13A210497E7FA853A5A700278E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kaskakia Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Genus Kaskakia gen. n.</p> <p>Diagnosis.</p> <p>Shell conical. Penis broad at the basis, distal part with a bulbous and acute penis tip.</p> <p>Type species.</p> <p>Kaskakia khorrasanensis sp. n.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named after the region where the species was collected.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis.</p> <p>The new genus appears to be close to Pseudamnicola, but can easily be distinguished by the unique morphology of the penis with bulbous and acute apex (vs. a broad elongated triangular penis in Pseudamnicola).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B72A13A210497E7FA853A5A700278E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
3305916642A0C8216CC34F88A004922A.text	3305916642A0C8216CC34F88A004922A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kaskakia khorrasanensis Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Kaskakia khorrasanensis sp. n. Figs 10a-d</p> <p>Type locality.</p> <p>Khorrasan Province, Kaskak stream in Kaskak village, 59°10'E, 35°25'N, ca. 1800 m asl., 11 June 2005.</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>(ZMH 79372): Shell height 2.5 mm, width 1.9 mm.</p> <p>Paratypes</p> <p>(ZMH 79373): 21 ex. from type locality.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named for its occurrence in Khorrasan Province.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>The yellowish shell is conical to globular with 5.5 whorls, which are slightly convex and separated by a clear suture (Fig. 10a). The whorls increase rapidly with a prominent body whorl. The surface is glossy and finely striated. The apex is acute, the aperture is ovate and angled at the top, the umbilicus is closed. Shell height 2.3-2.5 mm, width 1.8-1.9 mm.</p> <p>Animal.</p> <p>The mantle and head are black. The penis is broad at the basis and tapered at the distal end (Figs 10b-d).</p> <p>Differentiating features.</p> <p>As for the genus.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran: Khorrasan Province; known only from type locality.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3305916642A0C8216CC34F88A004922A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
07CC508CC07BA10D093277D23E2F2A2A.text	07CC508CC07BA10D093277D23E2F2A2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudamnicola georgiev Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Pseudamnicola georgiev sp. n. Fig. 9</p> <p>Type locality.</p> <p>Markazi Province, Ashtian to Arak road (ca. 5 km after Ashtian city, Ashtian county), 50°01'E, 34°34'N, ca. 1800 m asl., 21 June 2005.</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>(ZMH 79370): Shell height 2.6 mm, width 1.9 mm.</p> <p>Paratypes</p> <p>(ZMH 79371): 6 ex. from type locality.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named after Dr Dilian Georgiev in appreciation of his studies on Bulgarian hydrobiids.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>The whitish shell is conical with 4.5 whorls, which are separated by a clear suture. The surface is glossy and finely striated. The apex is blunt, the umbilicus is closed, the aperture is ovate and pointed at the top. Shell height 2.4-2.6 mm, width 1.9 mm.</p> <p>Differentiating features.</p> <p>The conical shell with its pointed aperture (Fig. 9) clearly distinguished the new species from other Iranian members of the genus Pseudamnicola.</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>We had only shells with dried tissue at our disposal. Since the penis morphology could not be examined, the assignment to the genus Pseudamnicola is provisional.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran; only known from the type locality.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/07CC508CC07BA10D093277D23E2F2A2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
72DF6269C227D077DDE38F99C044BDDE.text	72DF6269C227D077DDE38F99C044BDDE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudamnicola raddei Boettger 1889	<div><p>Pseudamnicola raddei Boettger, 1889</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province - Forcart (1935).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Transcaspian region (Zhadin 1952).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>In Russia it is listed as Turkmenamnicola raddei (Kantor et al. 2009).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/72DF6269C227D077DDE38F99C044BDDE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
FD449EF881672979C33F1366714CDFC8.text	FD449EF881672979C33F1366714CDFC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sarkhia Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Genus Sarkhia gen. n.</p> <p>Diagnosis.</p> <p>Shell elongated conical. Penis simple, broad at the basis and tapered at the distal end, with a black pigmentation mark. The tentacles are cylindrical.</p> <p>Type species.</p> <p>Sarkia sarabensis sp. n.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named after the region where the species was collected.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis.</p> <p>The genus seems to be closely related to Pseudamnicola (in the following, in parentheses), but theunique morphology of the penis, broad at the basis and tapered at the distal end (Figs 10b-c), with a black pigmentation mark (vs. broad and elongated triangular penis), and the presence of broad cylindrical tentacles (slim cylindrical tentacles) will separate the new genus from Pseudamnicola.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD449EF881672979C33F1366714CDFC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
CA8B2EF976BE53DCAEBCD80D614B3086.text	CA8B2EF976BE53DCAEBCD80D614B3086.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sarkhia kermanshahensis (Gloeer & Pesic 2009) Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Sarkhia kermanshahensis (Gloeer &amp; Pesic, 2009) comb. n. Fig. 12g</p> <p>Pseudamnicola kermanshahensis Glöer &amp; Pešić, 2009 (synonymy)</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Markazi Province: IR51 [2 ex.].</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kermanshah Province (as Pseudamnicola kermanshahensis Glöer and Pešić 2009).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>This species has originally been placed in the genus Pseudamnicola. However, due to the characteristic shape of the penis and the tentacles it is transfered to Sarkhia gen. n.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran; Kermanshah and Markazi Provinces.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CA8B2EF976BE53DCAEBCD80D614B3086	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
E07D8BE100422EB6E95B2C220021B200.text	E07D8BE100422EB6E95B2C220021B200.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sarkhia sarabensis Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Sarkhia sarabensis sp. n. Fig. 11a-c</p> <p>Type locality.</p> <p>Kermanshah Province, Sarabe-Sahne (= Sarabe - bede - Sarkh) city, stream, 27 June 2005.</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>(ZMH 79374): Shell height 5.9 mm, width 2.3 mm.</p> <p>Paratypes</p> <p>(ZMH 79375): 1 specimen dissected.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named after the region where the species was collected.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>The yellowish shell is elongated conical with 6.5 whorls, which are slightly convex and separated by a deep suture. The aperture is oval with a sharp periostome, the umbilicus is closed. The surface is dull. Shell height 5.9 mm, width 2.3 mm.</p> <p>Differentiating features.</p> <p>The slim elongated conical shell with more than 5 whorls (Fig. 11a) is characteristic and separates this species from Sarkhia kermanshahensis (see below).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran, Kermanshah Province; only known from type locality.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E07D8BE100422EB6E95B2C220021B200	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
7D7C98A1DBA650A38DF4D57532686124.text	7D7C98A1DBA650A38DF4D57532686124.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Belgrandiella elburensis (Starmuehlner & Edlauer 1957) Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Belgrandiella elburensis (Starmuehlner &amp; Edlauer, 1957) comb. n.</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Tehran Province - " Frauenfeldia elburensis " Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957) originally described this species as Frauenfeldia elburensis. However, the genus name Frauenfeldia is preoccupied, and thus, the species of this genus have been re-assigned to Belgrandiella, Boleana, Graziana and Sarajana (Radoman 1983). Due to the shape of the aperture in original description (see Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957) we affiliate this species to the genus Belgrandiella.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran, only known from the locus typicus (Gelandoah, 60 km NE of Tehran).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D7C98A1DBA650A38DF4D57532686124	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
365A5F9C0D9D5C38A7EFC1D47C843039.text	365A5F9C0D9D5C38A7EFC1D47C843039.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gangetia (Iranothyra) uzielliana (Issel 1866)	<div><p>Gangetia (Iranothyra) uzielliana (Issel, 1866)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kerman province (as Bythinia uzielliana: Issel 1866, Martens 1874), as Hydrobia uzielliana: Biggs (1936, 1937), (as Pseudamnicola uzelliana: Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957), (as Pseudamnicola uzelliana: Starmühlner (1961, 1965); Fars province (as Pseudamnicola uzelliana: Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957), (as Pseudamnicola uzelliana: Starmühlner and Edlauer (1961, 1965).</p> <p>Rejected records.</p> <p>Yazd Province (as Pseudamnicola uzelliana: Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Schütt (1973) classified this species in the genus Gangetia and introduced the new subgenus Iranothyra Schütt, 1973. Mansoorian (1994) reported Gangetia uzielliana with some doubts. However, his species clearly differs from the topotype of Gangetia uzielliana illustrated by Schütt (1973). Most probably, the species recorded by Mansoorian (1994) under this name represents an undescribed new species (Glöer and Pešić 2009).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/365A5F9C0D9D5C38A7EFC1D47C843039	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
E3467227B2ED4AD14E6236DF19F9FB76.text	E3467227B2ED4AD14E6236DF19F9FB76.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hauffenia erythropomatia (Hauffen 1856)	<div><p>Hauffenia erythropomatia (Hauffen, 1856)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Sistan and Baluchestan Province (Source lake Gomun) - " Erythropomatiana erythropomatia " Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Most probably, Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957) misidentified this subterranean species, known only from its type locality in Slovenia, far away from Iran. The comparison with the description of Hauffenia erythropomatia by Radoman (1983) shows that these species are not conspecific as the umbilicus seems to be broader in later species compared with the species depicted by Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957). Unfortunately this species could not be found in Edlauer’s collection in NHMW (Anita Eschner, pers. comm.). The record for this species is kept until specimens from the original locality could be studied.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3467227B2ED4AD14E6236DF19F9FB76	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
4F2BC456AC9CCE19C649E631D8D0EFB7.text	4F2BC456AC9CCE19C649E631D8D0EFB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenothyra arabica Neubert 1998	<div><p>Stenothyra arabica Neubert, 1998</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Hormozgan Province (Ghasemi et al. 2011).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Saudi-Arabia, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F2BC456AC9CCE19C649E631D8D0EFB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
7C64A11D38C55E10BBC03752DB2C4DF5.text	7C64A11D38C55E10BBC03752DB2C4DF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Farsithyra farsensis Gloeer & Pesic 2009	<div><p>Farsithyra farsensis Gloeer &amp; Pesic, 2009 Fig. 12f 13a-b</p> <p>Bulimus badiella: Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, non badiella Küster, 1852 (synonymy)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Fars Province (Glöer and Pešić 2009).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Hormozgan Province: IR17-11 [1 ex.].</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p>NHMW" Pseudamnicola uzelliana Issel", Persien, stark salziger Tümpel, südl.von Yest (=Yesd), leg. Starmühlner. NHMW 60.459 " Bulimus badiella ", Lake Taschk, 07.07.1956 leg. Löffler.</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Melanoides tuberculatus, Melanopsis sp., Melanopsis doriae, Thiara scabra.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957) mentioned Gangetia uzielliana from many sampling sites in Yazd Province. An analysis of one lot from the Edlauer collection (NHMW) with the specimens from Yazd Province shows that these specimens (Fig. 13a-b) belong to Farsithyra farsensis. Further, re-examination of the specimens from Lake Taschk in Fars Province identified by Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957) as Bulimus badiella (syn. to Bithynia badiella) shows that it is also conspecific with Farsithyra farsensis.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran: Fars, Yazd and Hormozgan Provinces.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C64A11D38C55E10BBC03752DB2C4DF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
7D2A621ED55456178F69B446744DD51F.text	7D2A621ED55456178F69B446744DD51F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Valvata cristata O. F. Mueller 1774	<div><p>Valvata cristata O.F. Mueller, 1774 Fig. 12m</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province: IR01-05 [6 ex.]. Tehran Province: IR48-05 [2 ex.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Bithynia mazandaranensis sp. n., Planorbis carinatus, Anisus sp., Valvata nowshahrensis sp. n., Hippeutis complanatus.</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Mansoorian (1994).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Considering the photo provided by Mansoorian (1994), he probably confused this species with Valvata nowshahrensis sp. n. (see below).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Palaearctic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D2A621ED55456178F69B446744DD51F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
2306B6BEDC515F63835B23D8BAFF3531.text	2306B6BEDC515F63835B23D8BAFF3531.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Valvata piscinalis O. F. Mueller 1774	<div><p>Valvata piscinalis O.F. Mueller, 1774</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Gilan, Mazandaran and Lorestan Province - Mansoorian (2000).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Palaearctic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2306B6BEDC515F63835B23D8BAFF3531	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
E61D11C1DD48AE0CFD2D12BBC72A7170.text	E61D11C1DD48AE0CFD2D12BBC72A7170.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Valvata nowshahrensis Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Valvata nowshahrensis sp. n. Fig. 14a-c</p> <p>Type locality.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province, Nowshahr city, pond near the Caspian See, 51°31'E, 36°38'N, 18 June 2005.</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>(ZMH 79376): Shell diameter 3.3 mm, height 2.3 mm.</p> <p>Paratypes</p> <p>(ZMH 79377): 2 specimens from type locality; [2 ex.], Kermanshah Province: IR105-05.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named after the region, where the species was collected.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>The yellowish shell is translucent with 3 circular whorls. The umbilicus is wide, and the first whorl is visible through the umbilicus. The surface is glossy with very fine ribs. Shell diameter 3.2-3.3 mm, height 2.3 mm.</p> <p>Differentiating features.</p> <p>The new species can be distinguished from Valvata piscinalis by its larger umbilicus and from Valvata cristata by its higher spire.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>This species has possibly been depicted by Mansoorian (1994) and confused with Valvata cristata.</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Pseudobithynia mazandaranensis sp. n., Planorbis carinatus, Anisus sp., Valvata cristata, Hippeutis complanatus</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran: Mazandaran and Kermanshah Provinces.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E61D11C1DD48AE0CFD2D12BBC72A7170	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
6B0599B8460A529C1AE16E4ABE67BEC8.text	6B0599B8460A529C1AE16E4ABE67BEC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acroloxus lacustris (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Acroloxus lacustris (Linnaeus, 1758)</p> <p>Rejected Records from Iran.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province - Forcart (1935).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>See remarks under Acroloxus pseudolacustris sp. n.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B0599B8460A529C1AE16E4ABE67BEC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
FAB7C1AFA01CC1BD69CE5E9E0AB54617.text	FAB7C1AFA01CC1BD69CE5E9E0AB54617.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acroloxus pseudolacustris Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Acroloxus pseudolacustris sp. n. Fig. 15a-b</p> <p>Type locality.</p> <p>Gilan Province, IR82-05, Bandar Anzali Lagoon, 49°27'E, 37°26'N, 16 June 2008.</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>(ZMH 79378): Shell length 4.0 mm, width 2.0 mm, height 0.9 mm.</p> <p>Paratypes.</p> <p>2 ex., NMB 11516a " Acroloxus lacustris " zwischen Nika und Aschref, 10 m ü. M., Drs. A. Erni &amp; R. Buxtorf leg. 22.X.1931.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named for its resemblance with Acroloxus lacustris.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>The oval limpet shell is transparent. The apex is blunt and bent to the left side (Figs 15a-b).</p> <p>Differentiating features.</p> <p>The new species resembles Acroloxus lacustris, which can be easily distinguished by the shape of apex, which is always acute and not blunt (Figs 15c-d) like in the new species. From Russia, no Acroloxus sp. with a blunt apex is known (Vinarski, pers. comm.).</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>An analysis of the two specimens from Forcart’s collection (NMB 11516a) identified as Acroloxus lacustris from Mazandaran Province shows that these specimens belong to Acroloxus pseudolacustris sp. n.</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Haitia acuta.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran: Gilan and Mazandaran Provinces.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FAB7C1AFA01CC1BD69CE5E9E0AB54617	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
569B454F75FAEC10BF2098B9396B7487.text	569B454F75FAEC10BF2098B9396B7487.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix Montfort 1810	<div><p>Genus Radix Montfort, 1810</p> <p>Type species.</p> <p>Helix auricularia Linnaeus, 1758</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Hubendick (1951) grouped most Radix spp. from the Near East (i.e. Radix tenera, Radix euphratica - «Mesopotamia», Radix bactriana - Afghanistan, Radix gedrosiana - Iran, Radix rectilabrum - Seistan and Baluchistan, Radix persica - Iran and Radix acuminata - (Bengal, India) under the palaearctic Radix auricularia, but from Europe he lumped all Radix spp. together in three species. Today, five Radix species are known from Europe, confirmed by molecular (Pfenninger et al. 2006, Schniebs et al. 2011) and anatomical studies (Glöer 2002). Only a few species can be distinguished by the shells alone (e.g. Radix ampla, Radix auricularia). Most species show a large morphological plasticity in the shape of the shell, so this character cannot be used for distinguishing species. Ananndale and Prashad (1919) and Annandale and Rao (1923) provided anatomical data of Radix spp., but these drawings are not suitable enough to identify the Radix spp. found by us in Iran. The diagnostic features and taxonomic relationship of the Iranian Radix species require further revision and particularly the application of molecular techniques with topotypes of the species. The following list of Radix species contains the hitherto recorded nominal species, their taxonomic status remains to be explored.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/569B454F75FAEC10BF2098B9396B7487	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
C7F34D1FEFC3D5C96918E66D1ADC5319.text	C7F34D1FEFC3D5C96918E66D1ADC5319.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix auricularia (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Khuzestan Province (Mansoorian 2001); Mazandaran, Gilan and Lorestan Provinces (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957), Isfahan Province (Starmühlner 1965).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Palaearctic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7F34D1FEFC3D5C96918E66D1ADC5319	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
A15C0206B600938C0A3B29714DC8303A.text	A15C0206B600938C0A3B29714DC8303A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix bactriana (Annandale & Prashad 1919)	<div><p>Radix bactriana (Annandale &amp; Prashad, 1919) Figs 16b-d</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (Annandale and Prashad 1919); Kerman Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Markazi Province: IR03-05 [1 ex], IR87-05 [9 ex.], IR88-05 [3 ex.], IR89-05 [2 ex], IR91-05 [3 ex.]; Khorasan Province: IR67-05 [1 ex.], IR79-05 [1 ex.].</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran:Seistan and Baluchestan and Kerman Provinces.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A15C0206B600938C0A3B29714DC8303A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
21B2F3F497F85A9FAB76DFD7A77B1621.text	21B2F3F497F85A9FAB76DFD7A77B1621.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix gedrosiana subsp. gedrosiana (Annandale & Prashad 1919) gedrosiana (Annandale & Prashad 1919	<div><p>Radix gedrosiana gedrosiana (Annandale &amp; Prashad, 1919)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchistan Province (Annandale and Prashad 1919), Azarbayjan Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957), Khuzestan Province (Chu et al. 1968, Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979, as Lymnaea auricularia gedrosiana: Mansoorian 2001), N Iran (Annandale 2000).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran, Pakistan.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/21B2F3F497F85A9FAB76DFD7A77B1621	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
796A0F3242295DCFA78668CEC6F9CF38.text	796A0F3242295DCFA78668CEC6F9CF38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix gedrosiana subsp. rectilabrum (Annandale & Prashad 1919)	<div><p>Radix gedrosiana rectilabrum</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (Annandale and Prashad 1919); Isfahan Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran;endemic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/796A0F3242295DCFA78668CEC6F9CF38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
79DAF2EF20B03DBEAA3A34ABA1698020.text	79DAF2EF20B03DBEAA3A34ABA1698020.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix hordeum (Mousson 1874)	<div><p>Radix hordeum (Mousson, 1874)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (Annandale and Prashad 1919)</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iraq(Euphrates, as Limnaea hordea: Mousson 1874); Iran:Seistan and Baluchestan Province.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/79DAF2EF20B03DBEAA3A34ABA1698020	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
58343774A49D904C71D44B0A1A33EADB.text	58343774A49D904C71D44B0A1A33EADB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix iranica (Annandale & Prashad 1919)	<div><p>Radix iranica (Annandale &amp; Prashad, 1919) Fig. 16g</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (Annandale and Prashad 1919).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Markazi Province:IR89-05 [5 ex].</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran:Seistan and Baluchestan Province.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/58343774A49D904C71D44B0A1A33EADB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
85F5FABB9796027F86EDBF80F344AD78.text	85F5FABB9796027F86EDBF80F344AD78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix lagotis (Schrank 1803)	<div><p>Radix lagotis (Schrank, 1803)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Qom, Tehran and Gilan Provinces (Martens 1874); Kerman Province (Biggs 1937).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>This species has been described from the Danube (Germany) and most probably does not occur in Iran. According to Subba Rao (1989) Radix lagotis is a synonym of Radix peregra (syn. to Radix labiata). However, recently Schniebs et al. (2011) clearly showed that Radix lagotis and Radix labiata are distinct species.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Europe.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/85F5FABB9796027F86EDBF80F344AD78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
C11351228493A4E8E724C98359C327C9.text	C11351228493A4E8E724C98359C327C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix persica (Issel 1865)	<div><p>Radix persica (Issel, 1865) Fig. 16a</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kerman Province - " Limnaea auricularia var. persica" Issel (1865), " Limnaea auricularia var. persica" Martens (1874); Seistan and Baluchestan Province (as Limnaea auricularia var. persica: Annandale and Prashad 1919); Isfahan Province (as Lymnaea persica: Biggs 1937).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Markazi Province:IR27-07 [7 ex.]</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>South Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C11351228493A4E8E724C98359C327C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
BA75068D6B6857CFB79C12A48AEC9D10.text	BA75068D6B6857CFB79C12A48AEC9D10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Galba schirazensis Kuester 1862	<div><p>Galba schirazensis Kuester, 1862 Fig. 16l</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Fars Province (Küster 1862); Gilan Province (Bargues et al. 2010).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran, Mediterranean, Central America (Bargues et al. 2011).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA75068D6B6857CFB79C12A48AEC9D10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
274BA888599C599A80777F36CD995370.text	274BA888599C599A80777F36CD995370.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Galba truncatula (O. F. Mueller 1774)	<div><p>Galba truncatula (O.F. Mueller, 1774) Fig. 16k</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (as Limnaea truncatula: Annandale and Prashad 1919); North Iran (Caspian Sea) (as Lymnaea truncatula: Eliazian et al. 1979); Manzandaran Province (Forcart 1935); Gilan, Mazandaran and Lorestan Province (Mansoorian 2000); Kerman Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, Biggs 1937); Tehran Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Khuzestan Province (Mansoorian 2001, Chu et al. 1968, Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979); Isfahan Province (Biggs 1937); Semnan Province (Starmühlner 1961); Hormozgan Province (Starmühlner 1965).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Khorasan Province: IR63-05 [22 ex.]; IR66a-05 [1 ex.]; IR77-05 [1 ex.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Radix sp., Planorbis intermixtus, Physella acuta.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Worldwide.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/274BA888599C599A80777F36CD995370	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
E5F29EDD01B1F20F202D8A391313358C.text	E5F29EDD01B1F20F202D8A391313358C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Khuzestan Province (Mansoorian 1998, 2001).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Palaearctic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E5F29EDD01B1F20F202D8A391313358C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
F15D3D3BC4C547B588E0FCD15319170C.text	F15D3D3BC4C547B588E0FCD15319170C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Radix labiata (Rossmaessler 1835)	<div><p>Radix labiata (Rossmaessler, 1835)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>(mentioned as Radix peregra f. canalifera): N Iran (Caspian Sea) (Eliazian et al. 1979); Kerman Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer (1957); Fars Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Yazd Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Kermanshah Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957), Starmühlner (1965).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Radix labiata is a species which prefers springs and is distributed in M - and S Europe and the Balkans (Glöer 2002).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Europe.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F15D3D3BC4C547B588E0FCD15319170C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
F5BB5ECA80E5606C4DB52DE027EA7680.text	F5BB5ECA80E5606C4DB52DE027EA7680.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stagnicola Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Stagnicola sp. Fig. 17</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province (Forcart 1935).</p> <p>Material examined: 35 ex., NMB 11518b " Stagnicola palustris "Zw. Nika und Aschref, Dr. Erni &amp; Buxtorf 1934; 3 ex., NMB 11518a "Iran, Prov. Mazandaran. Meschhediser, Geniste am rechten Ufer des Babul ca. 300 m S der Mündung, -26 m Meereshöhe. Leg. 23.8.1931 &amp; don. 1935 Drs. A. Erni &amp; R. Buxtorf".</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>An examination of the specimens from NMB identified by Forcart (1935) as Stagnicola palustris shows that these specimens are not conspecific with Stagnicola palustris. Namely, Forcart’s specimens clearly differ in the aperture, which is broader at the basis (Fig. 17) than in Stagnicola palustris. However, due to the fact that the shells of Stagnicola spp. are very variable, it is not possible to identify or eventually describe this specis as new to science without anatomical studies.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F5BB5ECA80E5606C4DB52DE027EA7680	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
E335BD967E635641A43B61831B8F59FC.text	E335BD967E635641A43B61831B8F59FC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stagnicola palustris (O. F. Mueller 1774)	<div><p>Stagnicola palustris (O.F. Mueller, 1774)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Kerman Province (Martens 1874); Isfahan Province (Martens 1874); Qazvin and E Azarbayjan Provinces (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Gilan, Mazandaran and Lorestan Provinces (Eliazian et al. 1979); N Iran (Mansoorian 2000).</p> <p>Rejected Records from Iran.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province (Forcart 1935).</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>The recent insights on the distribution of Stagnicola palustris show that it is a Northern European/Siberian species. Most probably, the species reported from Iran as Stagnicola palustris represents an undescribed species (see below).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E335BD967E635641A43B61831B8F59FC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
59D935B83AFD45490334381E1251E73C.text	59D935B83AFD45490334381E1251E73C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bulinus truncatus (Audouin 1827)	<div><p>Bulinus truncatus (Audouin, 1827)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Khuzestan Province (Chu et al. 1968, Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979, Mansoorian 1994, 2001); Gilan Province (Mansoorian 2000).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/59D935B83AFD45490334381E1251E73C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
8C6AD0C24B4B4DC53791836FEE7774AF.text	8C6AD0C24B4B4DC53791836FEE7774AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Planorbis intermixtus Mousson 1874	<div><p>Planorbis intermixtus Mousson, 1874 Fig. 18b</p> <p>Planorbis subangulatus Philippi, 1844; Planorbis persicus Ancey, 1900 (synonymy)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Northern Iran (as Planorbis planorbis: Mansoorian 2000); Mazandaran Province (as Planorbis planorbis: Eliazian et al. 1979, Mansoorian 2000); Fars Province (as Planorbis planorbis: Forcart 1935, Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); IsfahanProvince (Glöer and Pešić 2010); Yazd Province (as Planorbis persicus, Planorbis subangulatus: Biggs 1937, 1971, Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Gilan Province (as Anisus (Gyraulus) intermixtus: Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Khuzestan Province (as Planorbis planorbis, Planorbis planorbis submarginatus: Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957, as Planorbis planorbis: Biggs 1971); Markazi Province (Chu et al. 1968, Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979, Mansoorian 2001, Glöer and Pešić 2010).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province: IR01-05 [11 ex.]; Markazi Province: IR51-05 [11 ex.]; IR87-05 [3 ex.]; IR88-05 [7 ex.]; IR91-05 [5 ex.]; IR93-05 [1 ex.]; Khorasan Province: IR66-05 [10 ex.]; IR67-05 [2 ex.]; IR68-05 [5 ex.]; IR78a-05 [2 ex.]; IR78b-05 [7 ex.]; Fars Province: IR02-07 [2 ex.]; IR07-07 [2 ex.]; IR26-07 [9 ex.]; IR27-07 [3 ex.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Physella acuta, Pseudobithynia zagrosia, Radix sp.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>The species Planorbis planorbis and Planorbis intermixtus can only be distinguished by the number of prostate diverticula (Glöer and Pešić 2010). All Planorbis spp. collected in Iran have been anatomically studied and no Planorbis planorbis could be found. Thus we list the old records from Iran under Planorbis intermixtus.</p> <p>In addition, Planorbis subangulatus Philippi, 1844 and Planorbis persicus Ancey, 1900 have been mentioned from Iran (Ancey 1900, Biggs 1937). Both species have been described on the basis of the shells, the morphology of which falls within variability of Planorbis intermixtus. Thus we list these species under Planorbis intermixtus.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Turkey, Iran, N India.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C6AD0C24B4B4DC53791836FEE7774AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
1E9B237E9212D530FAFEB26C09F720AF.text	1E9B237E9212D530FAFEB26C09F720AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anisus S. Studer 1820	<div><p>Genus Anisus S. Studer, 1820</p> <p>Type species.</p> <p>Helix spirorbis Linnaeus, 1758</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>The identification of the species of this genus is based on the anatomical features (Glöer and Meier-Brook 2008), so all former records of this genus are questionable and need new confirmation.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E9B237E9212D530FAFEB26C09F720AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
D55A9CFFCF895F988FEF1A9DADF4B70D.text	D55A9CFFCF895F988FEF1A9DADF4B70D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Planorbis carinatus O. F. Mueller 1774	<div><p>Planorbis carinatus O.F. Mueller, 1774 Fig. 18a</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Northern Iran (Mansoorian 1994).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province:IR01-05 [5 ex., anat. det.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Valvata cristata, Anisus sp., Valvata nowshahrensis sp. n., Pseudobithynia mazandaranensis sp. n., Hippeutis complanatus.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Palaearctic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D55A9CFFCF895F988FEF1A9DADF4B70D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
2E80427EF66CAF14125BE97699BA6C6E.text	2E80427EF66CAF14125BE97699BA6C6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anisus Glöer & Pešić 2012	<div><p>Anisus sp. Fig. 19</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province: IR01-05 [1 empty shell].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Planorbis carinatus, Anisus sp., Valvata nowshahrensis sp. n., Pseudobithynia mazandaranensis sp. n., Hippeutis complanatus.</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>The shells (Fig. 19) of this species are similar to the rare species Anisus vorticulus, which is distributed in Central and E Europe. Additional material is necessary to resolve the taxonomy of this taxon.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E80427EF66CAF14125BE97699BA6C6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
5C74F18AA4FA0B3498425C8E2965A931.text	5C74F18AA4FA0B3498425C8E2965A931.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anisus leucostoma (Millet 1813)	<div><p>Anisus leucostoma (Millet, 1813)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Gilan Province - Mansoorian (1994, 2000).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Palaearctic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5C74F18AA4FA0B3498425C8E2965A931	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
DF65BC1AA0504862A6D69E3BF355431F.text	DF65BC1AA0504862A6D69E3BF355431F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anisus spirorbis (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Anisus spirorbis (Linnaeus, 1758)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Azarbayjan Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957)</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Palaearctic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF65BC1AA0504862A6D69E3BF355431F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
D4C70DF44935E4D2099AC98DA9A4A019.text	D4C70DF44935E4D2099AC98DA9A4A019.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anisus vortex (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Anisus vortex (Linnaeus, 1758)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Fars Province - Mansoorian (1994).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Euro-Siberian.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D4C70DF44935E4D2099AC98DA9A4A019	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
AAF80D5381C6E9E71366A3120C384BF6.text	AAF80D5381C6E9E71366A3120C384BF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ferrissia isseli (Bourguignat 1866)	<div><p>Ferrissia isseli (Bourguignat, 1866)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Gilan Province (as Protancylus (Ferrissia) isseli: Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Africa, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AAF80D5381C6E9E71366A3120C384BF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
3148B4D98E4C651614C540DCAEFD7270.text	3148B4D98E4C651614C540DCAEFD7270.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gyraulus convexiusculus (Hutton 1849)	<div><p>Gyraulus convexiusculus (Hutton, 1849) Fig. 20a</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province: IR08-05 [2 ex.]; IR09-11 [4 ex.].</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (Annandale and Prashad 1919); Yazd Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Afghanistan to Thailand, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3148B4D98E4C651614C540DCAEFD7270	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
72541F0D46941934B2B35A7684FE6465.text	72541F0D46941934B2B35A7684FE6465.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gyraulus euphraticus (Mousson 1874)	<div><p>Gyraulus euphraticus (Mousson, 1874)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (Annandale and Prashad 1919); Fars Province (Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957); Khuzestan Province (Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979, Mansoorian 2001).</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>Gyraulus euphraticus can be confused with Anisus spp. (Glöer and Bössneck 2007).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Irak, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/72541F0D46941934B2B35A7684FE6465	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
183B916E8928CDC20DB4996067A80B98.text	183B916E8928CDC20DB4996067A80B98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gyraulus laevis (Alder 1838)	<div><p>Gyraulus laevis (Alder, 1838)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province (Forcart 1935, Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Central Europe.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/183B916E8928CDC20DB4996067A80B98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
87697D999333C71580759CECB710A41D.text	87697D999333C71580759CECB710A41D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gyraulus piscinarum (Bourguignat 1852)	<div><p>Gyraulus piscinarum (Bourguignat, 1852) Fig. 20b</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Tehran Province (as Anisus (Gyraulus) piscinarum: Starmühlner and Edlauer 1957).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province: IR02-05 [6 ex.]; Fars Province: IR07-07 [13 ex.]; Seistan and Baluchestan Province: IR08-11 [10 ex.], IR09-11 [14 ex.].</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Lebanon, Syria, Turkey (Black Sea coast), Iran.</p> <p>Remark.</p> <p>The examined specimens have been identified by its anatomy and are in a good agreement with Glöer and Bößneck (2007) as well as the anatomical studies carried out by Meier-Brook (1983).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/87697D999333C71580759CECB710A41D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
E08D68082C832342AB95586149CA2CD1.text	E08D68082C832342AB95586149CA2CD1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Haitia acuta (Draparnaud 1805)	<div><p>Haitia acuta (Draparnaud, 1805)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>all mentioned as Physa acuta: Gilan, Mazandaran and Lorestan Provinces (Mansoorian 2000); Khuzestan Province (Mansoorian 2001, Massoud and Hedayeti-Far 1979, Elazian et al. 1979).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province: IR02-05 [2 ex.]; IR03-05 [3 ex.]; IR04-05 [3 ex.]; IR05-05 [3 ex.]; Markazi Province: IR51-05 [2 ex.], IR91-05 [6 ex.]; IR93-05 [1 ex.]; Khorasan Province: IR70-05 [1 ex.]; IR77-05 [1 ex.]; Gilan Province: IR82-05 [1 ex.]; Lorestan Province; IR95-05 [39 ex.]; Fars Province: IR07-07 [22 ex.]; IR14-07[13 ex.]; IR26-07 [3 ex]; Seistan and Baluchestan Province: IR08-11 [12 ex.]; Hormozgan Province. IR17-11 [1 ex.].</p> <p>Associated species.</p> <p>Melanoides tuberculatus, Thiara scabra, Grossuana sp., Galba truncatula, Acroloxus pseudolacustris, Planorbis intermixtus, Pseudobithynia zagrosia.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Europe,Mediterranean, Iraq, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E08D68082C832342AB95586149CA2CD1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
C1486A338DD6D34E7086D558CAFF56DF.text	C1486A338DD6D34E7086D558CAFF56DF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hippeutis complanatus (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Hippeutis complanatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fig. 20c</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Mazandaran Province: IR01-05 [3 ex., anat. det.].</p> <p>Remarks.</p> <p>New for Iran.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Europe to W Asia.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C1486A338DD6D34E7086D558CAFF56DF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
43D8F43EE93BA2D4A57E6A0BCA853E1E.text	43D8F43EE93BA2D4A57E6A0BCA853E1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Indoplanorbis exustus (Deshayes 1834)	<div><p>Indoplanorbis exustus (Deshayes, 1834) Fig. 18c</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (Mansoorian 1994).</p> <p>New records.</p> <p>Hormozgan Province: IR15-11 [5 ex.].</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Iran, Oman, Yemen, India, Nepal, SE Asia.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/43D8F43EE93BA2D4A57E6A0BCA853E1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
21513FFD4EF1281B7141A537EB054698.text	21513FFD4EF1281B7141A537EB054698.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Segmentina calatha (Benson 1850)	<div><p>Segmentina calatha (Benson, 1850)</p> <p>Records from Iran.</p> <p>Seistan and Baluchestan Province (Annandale and Prashad 1919).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>India, Iran.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/21513FFD4EF1281B7141A537EB054698	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gloeer, Peter;Pesic, Vladimir	Gloeer, Peter, Pesic, Vladimir (2012): The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11-61, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406
