identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DE87EF9343C14A3FC7FB54FBD5F9A0.text	03DE87EF9343C14A3FC7FB54FBD5F9A0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arcturina Koehler 1911	<div><p>Genus Arcturina Koehler, 1911</p><p>Diagnosis. Body strongly bent between pereonites 4 and 5. Mouth-parts and pereopod 1 concealed in buccal chamber. Head and pereonites 1–4 together forming diamond-shaped dorsally in female (cylindrical in male). Pereopod 1 with well-developed unguis. Pleonites with three segments in advance of telson, segment 3 and telson indistinctly separated.</p><p>Remarks. There are eight species of Arcturina (Poore &amp; Schotte 2009; present study), three of which occur in Asia (Bamber 2008; Nunomura 2008; present study), with four species being recorded from Africa (Koehler 1911; Barnard 1925; Barnard 1957; Kensley 1975), and one species from India (Pillai 1963).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87EF9343C14A3FC7FB54FBD5F9A0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Song, Ji-Hun;Park, Taeseo;Kim, Won;Min, Gi-Sik	Song, Ji-Hun, Park, Taeseo, Kim, Won, Min, Gi-Sik (2017): Arcturina serrulatus sp. nov. and a new record of Limnoria rhombipunctata (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Isopoda) from South Korea. Zootaxa 4286 (3): 411-424, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.3.8
03DE87EF9343C14D3FC7F9CBFB53FB02.text	03DE87EF9343C14D3FC7F9CBFB53FB02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arcturina serrulatus	<div><p>Arcturina serrulatus sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1–5</p><p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.44334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.393333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.44334/lat 36.393333)">Material</a> examined. Holotype (NIBRIV0000437271): Female, here designated, total length 4.5 mm, coast of Boryung-si, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea, 36°23'36''N, 126°26'36''E, 10 m, van Veen grab, 20 February 2015, coll. S. Ju.</p><p>Paratype (NIBRIV0000437272): Female, total length 4.3 mm; same location and collector as the holotype.</p><p>Description. Female holotype. Body (Figs 1 A, B &amp; 2A, B) about 3.1 times as long as greatest width, with 2 strong dorsal ridges along whole body (from head to pleotelson), ridges almost parallel; head and pereonites 1–4 together forming diamond-shaped dorsally, with lateral ridges. Pereonite 4 almost straight in lateral view, 0.6 times as long as wide, widest at anterior one-third. Pereonites 5–7 and pleonites 1, 2 with lateral ridges. Eyes (Fig. 2 A, B) large, bulging laterally. Pleotelson (Fig. 2 A, B) 2.0 times as long as wide, apex rounded, without excavation, with lateral ridges. Colour (Fig. 1 A, B) dark-brownish in ethanol.</p><p>Antennula (Fig. 2 C) comprises 3 peduncular articles and one flagellum; peduncular article 2 and 3 similar length; flagellum with one aesthetasc and 2 simple setae. Antenna (Fig. 2 D) 0.6 times as long as body; peduncular article 3 inferior margin with 4 pairs of simple setae, articles 4 and 5 longer than articles 1–3, with 10 pairs of simple setae; flagellum (Fig. 2 E) with 3 articles, distal two articles with row of spines resembling saw-teeth (see Bamber 2008).</p><p>Left Mandible (Fig. 3 A), incisor with 5 spine-row; lacinia mobilis stout, with 1 large serrate spine-like seta and 2 spine-like setae; molar process truncate, bearing many short setae. Maxillula (Fig. 3 B), outer lobe with 7 apical pectinate spines, lateral margin with simple setae; inner lobe with 3 stout pappose setae. Maxilla (Fig. 3 C) comprises 3 lobes; mesial lobe apex with 5 pappose setae and 4 elongate plumose setae; middle lobe and outer lobe apex with 2 plumose setae. Maxilliped (Fig. 3 D), palp with 5 articles, article 1 smallest; article 2 with 5 long setae and short setae; article 3 with 5 long setae and short marginal setae; article 4 with 4 long setae; last article with 3 long setae; endite apex with 3 pappose setae, inner margin with 1 coupling hook; epipod large, rectangular, with short setae.</p><p>Pereopod 1 (Fig. 4 A) robust, surface covered with short setae; basis 2.5 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 1 long seta; ischium 2.0 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 4 long setae; merus trapezoid, wider than long, 0.8 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 2 long setae; carpus rectangular, 2.1 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 4 pappose setae; propodus 1.8 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 1 pappose seta and 4 setae, distal margin with 8 setae, median surface with row of 8 setae; dactylus, 3.5 times as long as wide, with well-developed long unguis.</p><p>Pereopod 2 (Fig. 4 B) longer than pereopod 1, surface and whole superior margin with short setae; basis 1.9 times as long as wide; ischium 1.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 1 long seta; merus trapezoid, length similar to width, inferior margin with short setae and 2 long setae; carpus trapezoid, length similar to width, inferior margin with short setae and 4 long setae; propodus 1.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 3 long setae; dactylus 3.0 times as long as wide, distal margin with 2 plumose setae and 3 long setae, without unguis.</p><p>Pereopod 3 (Fig. 4 C) similar to pereopod 2; basis 2.3 times as long as wide; ischium 2.1 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 5 long setae; merus length similar to width, inferior margin with short setae and 3 long setae; carpus 1.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 3 long setae; propodus 1.4 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 1 long seta; dactylus 3.0 times as long as wide, distal margin with 2 plumose setae and 1 long seta.</p><p>Pereopod 4 (Fig. 4 D) small, shortest; basis length similar to width; ischium 2.4 times as long as wide; merus 1.8 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 1 long seta, superior margin with short setae and 1 long seta; carpus 1.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with short setae and 1 long seta, superior margin with short setae and 1 long seta; propodus 2.0 times as long as wide; dactylus 2.0 times as long as wide, distal margin with 2 plumose setae and 1 long seta.</p><p>Pereopods 5–7 (Fig. 4 E–G) progressively smaller; basis and ischium with serrate margins; carpus inferodistal margin with serrate process. Pereopod 5, basis 3.4 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 3 simple setae, distal margin with 3 simple setae; ischium 2.7 times as long as wide, inferior and superior margin with 2 simple setae, respectively; merus 1.7 times as long as wide, inferodistal margin and superodistal margin with 2 simple setae, respectively; carpus 3.4 times as long as wide, inferodistal margin with serrate process, superior margin with 2 simple setae; propodus 4.4 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 2 simple setae, inferodistal margin with 1 simple seta; dactylus 3.8 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 5 simple setae, distal margin with 5 simple setae, with well-developed unguis. Pereopods 6 and 7 similar to pereopod 5.</p><p>Pleopod 1 (Fig. 5 A) peduncle with 3 retinaculae on inner margin; outer margin with short setae; both rami distal margin truncate, with numerous plumose setae. Pleopod 2 (Fig. 5 B) peduncle with 4 retinaculae on inner margin; both rami with distal margin truncate, with numerous plumose setae. Pleopod 3 (Fig. 5 C) exopod with 2 plumose setae; endopod naked. Pleopod 4 (Fig. 5 D) exopod with 1 plumose seta; endopod naked. Pleopod 5 (Fig. 5 E) both rami without setae. Uropod (Fig. 5 F, G) inner margin with short setae; peduncle 4.0 times as long as wide, outer margin with 2 plumose setae and 2 simple setae distally, distal margin with 1 finely plumose seta and 1 simple seta; endopod short, 0.09 times as long as peduncle, with marginal short setae.</p><p>Molecular data. The CO1 sequence obtained from the holotype of A. serrulatus sp. nov. was deposited in GenBank (accession number: KX078772).</p><p>Habitat. This species was collected from 10 m depth in organic-rich muddy sand.</p><p>Distribution. Western coast of South Korea (known only from the type locality).</p><p>Etymology. From the Latin words “ serrula ” (serrated) and “ marginatus ”, alluding to the serrated margin of the basis and ischium of pereopods 5–7 in this species.</p><p>Remarks. Arcturina serrulatus sp. nov. is distinguished from the other Arcturina species by the following combination of characters: (1) presence of two strong dorsal ridges and lateral ridges on the whole body; (2) pereonite 4 almost straight in lateral view; (3) presence of serrations on the basis and ischium of pereopods 5–7, and a serrate process on the inferodistal margin of the carpus; (4) pleotelson apex with rounded margin, without notch; and (5) presence of a single aesthetasc on the antennular flagellum. This species is most similar to A. triangularis Barnard, 1957 . However, it can be distinguished by the following characters: (1) dorsal ridges extending to the head that do not converging on pereonite 3 and anterior part of pereonite 4 (vs. dorsal ridges extending to the head that converging on pereonite 3 and anterior part of pereonite 4 in A. triangularis); (2) head with small medial projection (vs. head without medial projection in A. triangularis); and (3) presence of serrations on pereopods 5–7 (vs. absence of serrations in A. triangularis). Arcturina serrulatus sp. nov. is also distinguished from two Asian (Hong Kong and Japan) species of Arcturina as follows: from A. psittacus Bamber, 2008 (Hong Kong) in having dorsal ridges on pereonites 5–7 and serrations on the basis and ischium of pereopods 5–7; and from A. plumbiformis Nunomura, 2008 (Japan) by the absence of lateral projection on pereonite 5.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87EF9343C14D3FC7F9CBFB53FB02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Song, Ji-Hun;Park, Taeseo;Kim, Won;Min, Gi-Sik	Song, Ji-Hun, Park, Taeseo, Kim, Won, Min, Gi-Sik (2017): Arcturina serrulatus sp. nov. and a new record of Limnoria rhombipunctata (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Isopoda) from South Korea. Zootaxa 4286 (3): 411-424, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.3.8
03DE87EF9344C14D3FC7FB6BFA2BF89B.text	03DE87EF9344C14D3FC7FB6BFA2BF89B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arcturina	<div><p>Key to the species of the genus Arcturina .</p><p>This key is based only on females of the species. Hence, it does not include A. cylindralis Pillai, 1963, which was described based on sub-adult male specimens (see Remarks in Bamber 2008).</p><p>1. Pereonite 5 with lateral projection; head with strong medial projection.................. A. plumbiformis Nunomura, 2008</p><p>- Pereonite 5 with no lateral projection; head with small or no medial projection.....................................2</p><p>2. Antennular article 2 and 3 with serrate margin....................................... A. rhomboidalis Koehler, 1911</p><p>- Antennular article 2 and 3 without serrate margin............................................................ 3</p><p>3. Pereonite 4 strongly convex in lateral view.............................................. A. scutula Kensley, 1975</p><p>- Pereonite 4 smoothly curved or straight in lateral view........................................................4</p><p>4. Pereonite 4 widest anteriorly; dorsal ridges anteriorly divergent, absent from head........... A. hexagonalis Barnard, 1925</p><p>- Pereonite 4 widest anterior one-third part; dorsal ridges extending on to head......................................5</p><p>5. Body size &lt;3 mm; pereonites 5–7 without dorsal ridges................................... A. psittacus Bamber, 2008</p><p>- Body size&gt; 3.5 mm; pereonites 5–7 with dorsal ridges........................................................6</p><p>6. Body with dorsal ridges converging on pereonite 3 and anterior of pereonite 4; head with no medial projection; pereopods 5–7 basis and ischium with no serrations................................................ A. triangularis Barnard, 1957</p><p>- Body with dorsal ridges not converging on pereonite 3 and anterior of pereonite 4, instead remaining more or less parallel; head with small medial projection; pereopods 5–7 basis and ischium with serrations................. A. serrulatus sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87EF9344C14D3FC7FB6BFA2BF89B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Song, Ji-Hun;Park, Taeseo;Kim, Won;Min, Gi-Sik	Song, Ji-Hun, Park, Taeseo, Kim, Won, Min, Gi-Sik (2017): Arcturina serrulatus sp. nov. and a new record of Limnoria rhombipunctata (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Isopoda) from South Korea. Zootaxa 4286 (3): 411-424, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.3.8
03DE87EF9345C14C3FC7FF41FEE4FE53.text	03DE87EF9345C14C3FC7FF41FEE4FE53.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limnoria Leach 1814	<div><p>Genus Limnoria Leach, 1814</p><p>Diagnosis. Antennular flagellum with 3–4 articles. Antennal flagellum articles with 3–5 articles. Uropodal exopod much shorter than endopod. Uropodal endopod blunt, without claw. Pereopod 1 secondary unguis bifid or variable (Cookson 1991).</p><p>Remarks. Limnoria is a large genus, numbering 53 species, all of which inhabit or bore wood, marine algae, and seagrass (Cookson 2001; Schotte 2007; Yoshino et al. 2017). The most recent generic revision is that of Cookson (1991).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87EF9345C14C3FC7FF41FEE4FE53	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Song, Ji-Hun;Park, Taeseo;Kim, Won;Min, Gi-Sik	Song, Ji-Hun, Park, Taeseo, Kim, Won, Min, Gi-Sik (2017): Arcturina serrulatus sp. nov. and a new record of Limnoria rhombipunctata (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Isopoda) from South Korea. Zootaxa 4286 (3): 411-424, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.3.8
03DE87EF9345C1413FC7FDDBFE93F844.text	03DE87EF9345C1413FC7FDDBFE93F844.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limnoria rhombipunctata Yoshino, Watabe & Ohsawa 2017	<div><p>Limnoria rhombipunctata Yoshino, Watabe &amp; Ohsawa, 2017</p><p>Figs 6–10</p><p>Limnoria rhombipunctata Yoshino, Watabe &amp; Ohsawa, 2017: 251 –259, figs 1–3.</p><p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.5625&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.3275" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.5625/lat 38.3275)">Material</a> examined. 1 female (NIBRIV0000470351) (Figs 6 A–C &amp; 7A, B), total length 6.8 mm, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.5625&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.3275" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.5625/lat 38.3275)">Goraebawi</a> (Whale rock, Diving point), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.5625&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.3275" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.5625/lat 38.3275)">Oho-ri</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.5625&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.3275" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.5625/lat 38.3275)">Jugwang-myeon</a>, Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do, South Korea, 38°19'39''N, 128°33'45''E, 10 m, SCUBA diving and rinsing Zostera sp., 28 November 2012, coll. T. Park &amp; Y. Eun . 1 female (NIBRIV0000470352), total length 4.5 mm, same location and collectors as above.</p><p>Description. Female. Body (Figs 6 A–C &amp; 7A, B) oblong, about 3.4 times as long as greatest width; surface covered with thin setae. Head globular, frontal margin slightly concave. Pereonite 1 longest; 2–5 similar length; 7 shortest. Coxae of pereonites 2–7 large, well visible dorsally. Pleonites 1–4 posterior margins with transverse ridges. Pleonite 5, 0.9 times as long as pleotelson dorsally, with anterior transverse carina and 3 distinctively large nodes, each node surrounded by thin setae. Pleotelson with 1 large median node, followed posteriorly by 2 pairs of carinae, and laterally with 1 more pair of short carinae; posterior margin of pleotelson fringed with stout setae between which are short scale spikes; lateral crests without tubercles. Colour (Fig. 6 A–C) dark yellow in ethanol.</p><p>Antennula (Fig. 7 C) with 3 flagellar articles; second articles with about 6 aesthetascs. Antenna (Fig. 7 D) with 4 flagellar articles. Right mandible (Fig. 8 A) palp with 3 articles; incisor beak-like; lacinia mobilis apically bifurcate. Maxillula (Fig. 8 B), outer lobe with 7 apical pectinate spines, lateral margin with simple setae; inner lobe with 3 stout pappose setae. Maxilla (Fig. 8 C) comprises 3 lobes. Maxilliped (Fig. 8 D) palp with 5 articles, distal article smallest; apex of endite with 5 pappose setae and 1 stout seta, inner margin with 1 coupling hook; epipod narrowed distally, triangular, reaching past palp articulation.</p><p>Pereopod 1 (Fig. 9 A) ischium without tubercles and ventral comb seta; merus with 5 tubercles, without ventral comb seta; carpus with 2 tubercles, without ventral comb seta; propodus inferodistal margin with 2 comb setae. Pereopod 2 (Fig. 9 B) ischium with 1 tubercle; merus and carpus with 2 tubercles, with 1 ventral comb seta, respectively; Pereopod 3 (Fig. 9 C) ischium with 2 tubercles; merus with 2 tubercles and 1 ventral comb seta; carpus with 2 tubercles, without ventral comb seta. Pereopod 4 (Fig. 9 D) smallest; ischium with 2 tubercles; merus and carpus with 2 tubercles and 1 ventral comb seta, respectively. Pereopod 5 (Fig. 9 E) ischium with 1 tubercle; merus and carpus with 2 tubercles and 1 ventral comb seta, respectively. Pereopod 6 (Fig. 9 F) ischium with 1 tubercle; merus with 2 tubercles and 7 ventral comb setae; carpus with 2 tubercles and 5 ventral comb setae. Pereopod 7 (Fig. 9 G) longest; merus with 15 ventral comb setae; carpus with 10 ventral comb setae. All pereopods with bifid secondary unguis.</p><p>Pleopod 1 (Fig. 10 A) peduncle with 3 coupling hooks on inner margin; both rami with numerous plumose setae. Pleopod 2 (Fig. 10 B) peduncle with 2 coupling hooks; both rami with plumose setae up to 0.4 times as long as exopod. Pleopods 3 and 4 (Fig. 10 C, D) peduncle with 2 coupling hooks. Pleopod 5 (Fig. 10 E) peduncle and both rami without seta. Uropod (Fig. 10 F) peduncle with 3 distolateral tubercles; endopod 0.6 times as long as peduncle; exopod short, 0.4 times as long as endopod, claw well developed.</p><p>Molecular data. The CO1 sequences obtained from the materials of L. rhombipunctata were deposited in GenBank (accession numbers: KX236457 and KX236458).</p><p>Habitat and ecology. Limnoria rhombipunctata, a seagrass borer, was collected from a seagrass-covered sea bottom, 10 m in depth.</p><p>Substrate. The rhizome of Phyllospadix iwatensis (type locality, Japan) and Zostera sp. ( South Korea), respectively.</p><p>Distribution. Japan (Yoshino et al. 2017), eastern coast of South Korea (this study).</p><p>Remarks. To date, Limnoria includes six seagrass-boring species, i.e. L. agrostisa Cookson, 1991, L. mazzellae Cookson &amp; Lorenti, 2001, L. raruslima Cookson, 1991, L. rhombipunctata, L. simulata Menzies, 1957, and L. zinovae (Kussakin, 1963) . Among them, L. rhombipunctata was described based on male specimens collected from the rhizomes of Phyllospadix iwatensis (seagrass) in Japan. Herein, this species is described based on female specimens collected from the rhizomes of Zostera sp. (seagrass) in South Korea. The morphology of the specimens of L. rhombipunctata collected from South Korea agrees well with the illustrations and description of Yoshino et al. (2017); however, we found some sexual dimorphisms in the Korean specimens as follows: (1) maxillipedal epipod with simple setae (vs. maxillipedal epipod without simple setae in the original description); and (2) more numerous setae on pereopods (vs. few setae on pereopods in the illustration of the original description).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87EF9345C1413FC7FDDBFE93F844	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Song, Ji-Hun;Park, Taeseo;Kim, Won;Min, Gi-Sik	Song, Ji-Hun, Park, Taeseo, Kim, Won, Min, Gi-Sik (2017): Arcturina serrulatus sp. nov. and a new record of Limnoria rhombipunctata (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Isopoda) from South Korea. Zootaxa 4286 (3): 411-424, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.3.8
