taxonID	type	description	language	source
03DF87CBFF8BB601FF11FC473FAFFED0.taxon	vernacular_names	[Japanese name: Himeyumbo-sokoebi-zoku]	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8BB601FF11FC473FAFFED0.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Aora typica Krøyer, 1845, fixed by monotypy.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8BB601FF11FC473FAFFED0.taxon	description	Diagnostic description [emended from J. L. Barnard & Karaman (1991)]. Body laterally compressed, smooth. Head, rostrum short, ocular lobes short, anterodistal corner slightly or not projected; eyes small to large. Urosomites free. Antenna 1 very long, slender; peduncular article 3 usually shorter than article 1; accessory flagellum 2 - to 6 - articulate. Antenna 2 shorter than antenna 1, flagellum short, with 4 – 9 articles. Mandible, palp strong, slender, with 3 articles, article 3 longest, parallel-sided or semi-falciform, well setose; left molar traversed with parallel channels. Maxilla 1, inner plate triangular or conical, with apical seta; outer plate with 9 – 10 apical robust setae; palp biarticulate, with several robust setae distally. Maxilla 2 broad, inner plate with mediofacial row of setae. Maxilliped, inner plate with several robust setae distally; outer plate with several marginal robust setae; palp consisting of 4 articles, article 4 bearing robust seta (nail) on tip. Coxae, male coxa 1 dilated, produced forward, male coxae 2 – 7 and all coxae in female ordinary to short, weakly overlapping; gills present on coxae 2 – 6; oostegites of female broad, present on coxae 2 – 5. Male gnathopod 1 greatly enlarged, merochelate; merus produced into long distal tooth; carpus long, linear, propodus usually shorter than carpus. Female gnathopod 1 smaller than that of male, subchelate; carpus shorter than propodus, palm oblique. Gnathopod 2 of both sexes smaller than gnathopod 1, subchelate; propodus shorter than or as long as carpus in male, length variable in female, palm oblique. Pereopods 3, 4 similar to each other; bases slender. Pereopods 5 – 7 similar to each other, progressively longer; bases broad. Epimeral plates 1 – 3 usually each with notch on ventroposterior corner. Uropods biramous; uropod 1 peduncle shorter than or same length as rami, distal end of peduncle with long inter-ramal process, both rami subequal in length; uropod 2 shorter than uropod l, peduncle shorter than rami, distal end of peduncle with short or vestigial inter-ramal process, outer ramus slightly shorter than inner ramus; uropod 3 shortest, peduncle slightly elongate, shorter than rami, both rami subequal in length, outer ramus often with tiny second article. Telson entire, fleshy, usually with pair of hooked cusps.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8BB601FF11FC473FAFFED0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This genus contains twenty species to date (Horton et. al. 2022). But Aora inermis Appadoo & Myers, 2004 from Mauritius should be included in another genus (possibly Tethylembos), because this species has an acute anterodistal corner of the head, the non-merochelate (subchelate) male gnathopod 1, and the uropod 2 with a long inter-ramal process. The Aora species share the merochelate gnathopod 1 and the smaller subchelate gnathopod 2 both in male with the Aoroides species; however, the former can be distinguished from the latter by the 2 – 6 articulated accessory flagellum (rudimentary or absent in Aoroides) and the parallel-sided or semi-falciform article 3 of the maxillipedal palp (rod-shaped in Aoroides).	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8BB602FF11FCD23F58FC90.taxon	vernacular_names	[Japanese name: Yumbosokoebi-ka]	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF88B604FF11FEA33F87FC20.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 4)	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF88B604FF11FEA33F87FC20.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: male, 6.3 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12429), west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 35 ° 07 ′ 10 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 11 ″ E – 35 ° 06 ′ 46 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 10 ″ E, 238 – 282 m depth, 25 June 2015. Paratypes: 3 males, 5.1, 4.7, 3.6 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12430 – 12432), female with juveniles, 6.2 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12433) and female, 5.2 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12434), west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 35 ° 06 ′ 57 ″ N 139 ° 33 ′ 44 ″ E – 35 ° 06 ′ 43 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 03 E ″, 230 – 398 m depth, 10 December 2015. Type locality. Sagami Bay, west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF88B604FF11FEA33F87FC20.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin biarticulatus, - a, - um (= 2 - articulated) refers to the number of the accessory flagellum articles.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF88B604FF11FEA33F87FC20.taxon	description	Description of male. Based on holotype (OMNH-Ar- 12429, 6.3 mm). Head (Figs 1, 2). Eyes medium (diameter: ca. 0.3 times of head length). Antenna 1 long, ca. 0.7 times of BL, slender; peduncular articles 1 – 3 with length ratio of 1: 1.5: 0.35, article 1 stout, ventral margin lacking robust setae; accessory flagellum short, 2 - articulate, second article minute, with 4 setae on tip; primary flagellum with 22 articles, last article minute. Antenna 2 far shorter than antenna 1 (about 0.55 times), slender, weakly setose; peduncular articles 3 – 5 with length ratio of 1: 3.1: 3.55; flagellum with 6 articles, last article minute, articles 3 – 5 each with 2 robust setae distally. Upper lip with ventral margin rounded, bearing many short thin setae. Mandibles, left one with incisor bearing 5 cusps, 4 - toothed lacinia mobilis, 4 accessory blades and 2 plumose setae, right one with incisor bearing 7 cusps, 6 - toothed lacinia mobilis, 3 accessory blades and 1 plumose seta; palp stout, article 3 semi-falciform, article length ratio of right one 1: 3.2: 4.4, article 1 bare, article 2 with 5 – 6 setae, article 3 heavily setose. Lower lip with acute-tipped mandibular process, distal margin of outer lobe with several thick setae, dorsal surfaces of inner and outer lobes and ventral surface of outer lobe covered with short thin setae. Maxilla 1 with small inner plate bearing single long seta; outer plate with 10 robust setae apically; tip of palp article 2 with 7 distal robust setae. Maxilla 2, outer plate setose mediodistally, inner plate with many distal setae and mediofacial row of setae. Maxilliped with inner plate bearing 3 short robust setae and several plumose setae; outer plate broad, not reaching apex of palp article 2, distomedial margin with 11 robust setae; palp weakly setose, dorsodistal end of article 3 projected triangularly. Pereon (Fig. 3). Sternal process absent. Gnathopod 1 very large; coxa trapezoidal, anteroventral corner rounded, ventral margin bearing 3 short setae; basis stout, anterior margin and lateral surface bare, posterodistal corner with 2 short setae; ischium bearing 2 short setae on posterodistal corner; merus long, lanceolate, weakly setose; carpus roundish rectangular, anterior margin without setae, posterior margin and medial surface weakly setose; propodus almost straight, notched posterodistally, ca. 0.65 times as long as carpus, anterior margin with a few setae, posterior margin and medial surface weakly setose; dactylus slightly curved, posterior margin with 5 small denticles. Gnathopod 2 small, carpus – dactylus strongly twisted (counter clockwise in left, Fig. 1); coxa roundish rectangular, ventral margin with 5 short setae; basis slightly curved anteriorly, anterior margin with several short setae, posterior margin bearing single long and several short setae; meus short, setose posterodistally; carpus longish triangular, posterior margin heavily setose; propodus ca. 0.9 times as long as carpus, palm oblique, defined by robust seta, anteromedial surface and posterior margin heavily setose; dactylus short, curved, posterior margin with 5 denticles. Pereopods 3, 4 slender, slightly longer than gnathopod 2; coxae roundish rectangular; bases narrow, anterior margins with a few setae, posterior margins bearing 1 long and 4 – 6 short setae; meri and carpi without robust setae on posterior margins; propodi and dactyli narrow. Pereopod 5 almost same length as pereopod 4; coxa bilobed; basis wide, posteroproximal corner rounded, anterior margin with a few short robust setae, posterodistal corner bearing thick seta; carpus with 1 lateral and 3 distal robust setae; propodus anterior margin bearing 4 robust setae, posterodistal corner setose. Pereopod 6 about 1.5 times as long as pereopod 5; coxa bilobed; basis wide, posteroproximal corner rounded, anterior margin with a few short robust setae, posterodistal corner bearing thick seta; merus with 3 long thick setae on posterior margin; carpus bearing 1 lateral and 2 posterodistal robust setae; propodus anterior margin with several robust setae, posterodistal corner weakly setose. Pereopod 7 ca. 1.3 times length of pereopod 6; coxa oval; basis wide, posteroproximal corner roundly projected, anterior margin with a few short robust setae, posterodistal corner bearing thick seta; merus with 5 thick setae on posterior margin; carpus bearing a few thick setae each on anterior and posterior margins; propodus elongate, anterodistal corner with 2 short robust setae, posterodistal corner weakly setose. Pleon (Figs 1, 4). Epimeral plates 1 – 3 each with minute projection and short seta on posteroventral corner, ventral margins bare. Pleopods, pleopod 3 shortest; peduncles with 9, 3, 3 plumose setae in pleopods 1 – 3, respectively; outer rami shorter than inner rami, outer ramus of pleopod 3 with 8 articles, other outer rami and inner rami bearing 9 articles. Uropod 1, peduncle with 1 basofacial, 3 dorsolateral and 2 dorsomedial robust setae, inter-ramal process long, 62 % length of peduncle; both rami ca. 1.35 times as long as peduncle, outer ramus with 3 dorsolateral and 4 terminal robust setae, inner ramus bearing 2 ventrolateral, 1 dorsolateral, 6 dorsomedial and 4 terminal robust setae. Uropod 2 about 3 / 4 length of uropod 1, peduncle with 2 dorsolateral and 1 dorsomedial robust setae, inter-ramal process short, 12 % length of peduncle; outer and inner rami ca. 1.2 and 1.4 times of peduncle, respectively, outer ramus with 4 dorsal and 4 terminal robust setae, inner ramus bearing 5 dorsal and 4 terminal robust setae. Uropod 3 about 0.6 times length of uropod 2, peduncle with 2 laterodistal and 1 mediodistal robust setae, inter-ramal process minute; outer and inner rami ca. 1.45 and 1.25 times of peduncle, respectively, outer ramus with marginal robust seta in middle, tip with tiny second article bearing 2 long setae, 2 robust setae and 1 short seta, inner ramus with 3 marginal and 1 terminal robust setae and long apical seta. Telson roundish pentagonal, distal margin with pair of 2 long and 1 short setae, lateral margins each with 2 sensory setae. Description of female. Based on paratype (OMNH-Ar- 12433, 6.2 mm). Generally similar to male holotype except for gnathopods and oostegites. Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 4 F-G 1) subchelate; coxa roundish trapezoidal; basis stout, poorly setose; ischium with posterodistal setae; merus short, posterodistal margin setose; carpus longish triangular, posterior margins setose; propodus about 1.2 times length of carpus, posterior margin and medial surface setose, palm oblique, defined by long robust seta; dactylus weakly curved, posterior margin with 7 denticles. Gnathopod 2 (Fig. 4 F-G 2), carpus – dactylus strongly twisted like male holotype; coxa large, roundish square; basis relatively narrow, anterior margin with several short setae, posterior margin bearing 1 long and a few short setae; meus short, weakly setose posterodistally; carpus longish triangular, posterior margin setose; propodus long, ca. 1.05 times length of carpus, palm oblique, defined by robust seta, posterior margin weakly setose; dactylus short, distal 1 / 3 narrowed, posterior margin with 2 denticles. Variation. Paratype, small male (OMNH-Ar- 12430, 5.1 mm). Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 4 SM-G 1), carpus wider than that of holotype (Fig. 3 G 1); propodus ca. 0.85 times as long as carpus, palm oblique, defined by long robust seta; dactylus posterior margin with 6 denticles. Paratype, juvenile male (OMNH-Ar- 12432, 3.6 mm). Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 4 JM-G 1), merus short, with distal tip reaching half-length of carpus; propodus ca. 1.1 times length of carpus, palm oblique, defined by long robust seta; dactylus posterior margin with 4 denticles. Coloration in life. Unknown.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF88B604FF11FEA33F87FC20.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Aora biarticulata sp. nov. is characterized by (1) accessory flagellum with 2 articles, (2) weakly setose male gnathopod 1 with rounded coxa, and (3) male gnathopod 2 with setose carpus and propodus (setose only on posterior margin of carpus and both anterior and posterior margins of propodus). There is no other Aora species possessing all these characters. Especially in the accessory flagellum, the number of articles varies from 3 to 6 in the Aora species except for this new species (unknown in Aora adpressa Myers & Moore, 1983, A. anomala Schellenberg, 1926, and A. gibbula K. H. Barnard, 1932), whereas A. biarticulata has a 2 - articulated accessory flagellum. Although Aora adpressa has the above characters (2) and (3), A. adpressa can be distinguished from A. biarticulata by the male pereon segments 2 – 4 each bearing strong sternal process, the male gnathopod 1 with shorter propodus, and the male gnathopod 2 with longer carpus. Habitat. Bottom sediment unknown, 230 – 398 m depth.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF88B604FF11FEA33F87FC20.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Sagami Bay (present study).	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8DB604FF11FBF23E51FA88.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Aoroides columbiae Walker, 1898, fixed by monotypy. Diagnostic description. See Ariyama & Kawabe (2022).	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8DB60FFF11FA5A3F87F9B8.taxon	description	(Figs 5 – 8)	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8DB60FFF11FA5A3F87F9B8.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: male, 3.1 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12435), west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 35 ° 08 ′ 22 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 38 ″ E – 35 ° 08 ′ 17 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 28 ″ E, 87 – 90 m depth, gravel and sand bottom, 25 March 2015. Paratypes: female, 3.7 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12436), same data as holotype; male, 3.1 mm and female, 4.5 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12437, 12438), west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 35 ° 08 ′ 06 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 03 ″ E – 35 ° 08 ′ 23 ″ N 139 ° 33 ′ 46 ″ E, 95 – 97 m depth, 16 April 2014; male, 2.3 mm and female, 3.0 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12439, 12440), west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 35 ° 08 ′ 15 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 44 ″ E – 35 ° 08 ′ 58 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 45 ″ E, 87 – 89 m depth, sand bottom, 31 October 2013; female, 3.0 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12441), west of Jôgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 35 ° 08 ′ 25 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 25 ″ E – 35 ° 08 ′ 07 ″ N 139 ° 33 ′ 32 ″ E, 100 – 103 m depth, 20 January 2015. Type locality. Sagami Bay, west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8DB60FFF11FA5A3F87F9B8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin sagamiensis, - is, - e refers to the type locality.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8DB60FFF11FA5A3F87F9B8.taxon	description	Description of male. Based on holotype (OMNH-Ar- 12435, 3.1 mm) and paratype (OMNH-Ar- 12437, 3.1 mm) only for pereopods 5, 7. Head (Figs 5, 6). Eyes medium-sized, about quarter of head length. Antenna 1 very long, ca. 0.95 times of BL, slender, poorly setose; peduncular articles 1 – 3 with length ratio of 1: 1.75: 0.55, article 1 with 4 robust setae ventrally; accessory flagellum vestigial, tip bearing 2 setae; primary flagellum with 14 articles, last article minute, articles 10, 11 each with aesthetasc. Antenna 2 about 0.6 times as long as antenna 1, slender, weakly setose; peduncular articles 3 – 5 with length ratio of 1: 3.5: 3.3; flagellum with 3 articles, with 4, 2, 2 long robust setae, respectively. Upper lip with ventral margin rounded, bearing short thin setae. Mandibles, incisor with 5 and 7 cusps in left and right, respectively, lacinia mobilis 4 - toothed in left and 3 - toothed in right, accessory blades bifid, 3 in left and 2 in right; palp rod-shaped, article length ratio 1: 1.9 – 2.0: 2.8, articles 1, 2 bare, article 3 with 2 long setae on tip. Lower lip with acute-tipped mandibular process, distal margin of outer lobe with 3 thick setae; distal margin of inner lobe bearing short thin setae. Maxilla 1 with small inner plate bearing long plumose seta; outer plate with 10 robust setae apically; tip of palp article 2 with 6 distal robust setae. Maxilla 2, outer plate setose mediodistally, inner plate with mediofacial row of setae and distal setae. Maxilliped with inner plate bearing 2 quadrate and 1 short robust setae and several thick setae; outer plate broad, barely not reaching apex of palp article 2, distomedial margin with 10 long-to-short robust setae; palp weakly setose, dorsodistal end of article 3 projected, article 4 bearing nail on tip. Pereon (Fig. 7). Sternal process absent. Gnathopod 1 large, merochelate; coxa roundish trapezoidal, anteroventral corner roundly projected, with robust seta; basis stout, anterior margin with a few short simple setae, lateral margin bearing several long and short simple setae; ischium with simple seta posterodistally; merus long, abruptly narrowed distally, distal 2 / 3 bearing dense plumose setae; carpus bullet-shaped, anterior margin with simple seta near distal corner, posterior margin with dense plumose setae; propodus straight, almost same length as carpus, anterior margin with a few simple setae, posterior margin and medial surface bearing many simple setae; dactylus slightly curved, posterior margin with 4 small denticles. Gnathopod 2 smaller than gnathopod 1, subchelate; coxa oval, ventral margin with 4 short setae; basis almost straight, anterior margin with several short setae, posterior margin bearing 3 robust setae; meus short, setose distally; carpus longish triangular, posterior margin heavily setose; propodus slightly longer than carpus, palm oblique, defined by robust seta, anterodistal corner, posterior and distal margins setose; dactylus short, slightly curved, posterior margin with 4 denticles. Pereopods 3, 4 slender, pereopod 3 slightly longer than gnathopod 2, pereopod 4 almost same length as gnathopod 2; coxae roundish trapezoidal; bases narrow, anterior and posterior margins each with a few setae; meri and carpi lacking robust setae on posterior margins; propodi and dactyli narrow. Pereopod 5, coxa bilobed; basis wide, posteroproximal corner rounded, anterior margin with a few short setae (1 robust); carpus with thick seta at posterodistal corner; propodus anterior margin bearing 3 robust setae, posterodistal corner weakly setose. Pereopod 6 longer than pereopod 5; coxa bilobed; basis wide, posteroproximal corner rounded, anterior margin bare, posterior margin with a few short setae; merus with thick seta each on posterodistal corner, posterior margin and posterodistal corner; carpus with 1 posterolateral and 3 (1 lost) posterodistal robust setae; propodus anterior margin with 4 robust setae, posterodistal corner setose. Pereopod 7 probably longer than pereopod 6; coxa semicircular; basis wide, posteroproximal corner slightly projected, anterior margin with a few short setae (1 robust), posterior margin bearing several short setae, posterodistal corner with thick seta; merus with 1, 3, 2 thick setae on anterodistal corner, posterior margin and posterodistal corner, respectively; carpus – dactylus lost. Pleon (Figs 5, 8). Epimeral plates 1 – 3 each with minute projection and short seta on posteroventral corner, ventral margins bare. Pleopods, pleopod 2> 1> 3 in length; peduncles with 3, 4, 1 plumose setae in pleopods 1 – 3, respectively; outer rami shorter than inner rami, both rami with 6 articles in pleopods 1, 2, and with 5 articles in pleopod 3. Uropod 1, peduncle with 3 dorsolateral and 2 dorsomedial robust setae, inter-ramal process medium, 34 % length of peduncle; outer and inner rami ca. 0.85 and 0.9 times as long as peduncle, respectively, outer ramus with 1 dorsolateral and 4 terminal robust setae, inner ramus bearing 2 dorsolateral and 4 terminal robust setae. Uropod 2 about 0.7 times length of uropod 1, peduncle with 2 dorsolateral and 1 dorsomedial robust setae, inter-ramal process vestigial; outer ramus almost same length as peduncle, inner ramus ca. 1.15 times of peduncle, outer ramus with 1 dorsal and 4 terminal robust setae, inner ramus bearing 3 dorsal and 4 terminal robust setae. Uropod 3 short, about half length of uropod 2, peduncle with 2 laterodistal robust setae, inter-ramal process vestigial; outer and inner rami ca. 1.05 and 1.15 times of peduncle, respectively, outer ramus without marginal robust seta, tip with tiny second article and 1 robust and 3 long setae, inner ramus with 1 marginal and 1 terminal robust setae and long apical seta. Telson roundish pentagonal, distal margin with pair of 1 long, 1 short and 1 sensory setae. Description of female. Based on paratype (OMNH-Ar- 12438, 4.5 mm). Generally similar to male holotype except for gnathopods and oostegites. Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 8 F-G 1) subchelate; coxa roundish trapezoidal, anteroventral corner not projected; basis slightly stout, poorly setose; ischium setose posterodistally; merus short, posterodistal margin setose; carpus longish triangular, posterior margin setose; propodus slightly longer than carpus, posterior margin and medial surface setose, palm oblique, defined by long robust seta; dactylus weakly curved, posterior margin with 5 denticles. Gnathopod 2 (Fig. 8 F-G 2) subchelate; coxa large, roundish trapezoidal; basis narrow, straight, anterior and posterior margins with several short setae; meus short, setose distally; carpus longish triangular, posterior margin heavily setose; propodus long, ca. 1.2 times length of carpus, palm oblique, defined by robust seta, anterodistal corner and distal margin setose; dactylus short, slightly curved, posterior margin with 3 denticles. Variation. Paratype, male (OMNH-Ar- 12437, 3.1 mm). Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 8 M-RG 1) larger than that of holotype (Fig. 7 RG 1) in spite of same body length; coxa long, acutely projected anteriorly; basis, carpus and propodus more slender and merus shorter than those of holotype. Paratype, small male (OMNH-Ar- 12439, 2.3 mm). Gnathopod 1 almost same as that of holotype. Paratype, female (OMNH-Ar- 12438, 4.5 mm). Uropod 3, outer ramus with 1 marginal and 1 terminal robust setae, inner ramus with 2 marginal and 1 terminal robust setae. Coloration in life. Unknown.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8DB60FFF11FA5A3F87F9B8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Aoroides sagamiensis sp. nov. has a distinctive male gnathopod 1 with poorly setose basis and heavily setose merus. Only Aoroides rubellus Ariyama, 2004 from Japan shares such a gnathopod 1 in the genus. However, this new species can be distinguished from A. rubellus in the fewer robust setae on the uropods 1 – 3. Habitat. Gravel and sand bottom, 87 – 103 m depth.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF8DB60FFF11FA5A3F87F9B8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Sagami Bay (present study).	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF86B611FF11F9773F87FE60.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Grandidierella mahafalensis Coutière, 1904, fixed by monotypy. Diagnostic description. See Ariyama & Kawabe (2022). Grandidierella gracilis sp. nov. [Japanese name: Hosonaga-dorosokoebi, new] (Figs 9 – 13)	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF86B611FF11F9773F87FE60.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: male, 3.9 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12442), west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 35 ° 08 ′ 15 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 44 ″ E – 35 ° 08 ′ 58 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 45 ″ E, 87 – 89 m depth, sand bottom, 31 October 2013. Paratypes: ovigerous female, 6.4 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12443), west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 35 ° 08 ′ 06 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 03 ″ E – 35 ° 08 ′ 23 ″ N 139 ° 33 ′ 46 ″ E, 95 – 97 m depth, 16 April 2014; male, 2.6 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12444), west of Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 35 ° 09 ′ 09 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 50 ″ E – 35 ° 08 ′ 57 ″ N 139 ° 34 ′ 00 ″ E, 76 – 80 m depth, 27 April 2016; male, 4.0 mm and ovigerous female, 4.9 mm (OMNH-Ar- 12445, 12446), off Shimoda City, Shizuoka Prefecture, 34 ° 38 ′ 18 ″ N 138 ° 56 ′ 30 ″ E – 34 ° 38 ′ 13 ″ N 138 ° 56 ′ 18 ″ E, 42 – 47 m depth, gravel bottom, 27 November 2014. Type locality. Sagami Bay, west of Jōgashima Island in Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF86B611FF11F9773F87FE60.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin gracilis, - is, - e (= slender) refers to the body shape.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF86B611FF11F9773F87FE60.taxon	description	Description of male. Based on holotype (OMNH-Ar- 12442, 3.9 mm) and paratype (OMNH-Ar- 12445, 4.0 mm) only for lower lip, coxa 1, and pereopods 6, 7. Body (Fig. 9) slender; eyes medium-sized, about 0.3 times length of head. Head (Fig. 10). Antenna 1 slender, ca. 0.4 times as long as body; length ratio of peduncular articles 1 – 3 1: 1.4: 0.6, article 1 with 3 ventromedial robust setae; accessory flagellum short, minutely biarticulate, tip with 5 setae; primary flagellum with 16 articles, terminal article minute, articles 3, 5, 7 – 14 each with aesthetasc. Antenna 2 also slender, length about 3 / 4 length of antenna 1; length ratio of peduncular articles 3 – 5 1: 1.85: 1.9, article 3 with 2 lateral and 2 ventral robust setae; flagellum short, consisting of 6 normal and 1 minute articles, article 3 with 2 robust and 1 thick setae, articles 4 – 6 each bearing 2 robust setae. Upper lip rounded ventrally, bearing many thin setae. Mandibles, incisor with 4 cusps, lacinia mobilis with 3 and 4 cusps in left and right, respectively, accessory setae 9 in left and 7 in right; palp stout, article 3 rectolinear, article length ratio 1: 0.95 – 1.0: 1.05 – 1.1, articles 1, 2 with 2 and 3 setae, respectively, article 3 bearing many long thick setae distally and subdistally. Lower lip with short mandibular process, mediodistal corner of outer lobe setose, distal parts of outer and inner lobes covered with thin setae. Maxilla 1, outer plate with 10 distal robust setae, palp article 2 bearing 6 robust and 4 slender setae apically. Maxilla 2, inner plate bearing distal and medial setae, outer plate setose on distal margin. Maxilliped, distal part of inner plate setose, mediodistal corner with curved robust seta and plumose seta; outer plate bearing 9 long-to-short robust setae mediodistally; palp article 2 long, articles 2, 3 weakly setose, article 4 with nail apically. Pereon (Fig. 11). Ventral surface lacking process. Gnathopod 1 not so large, carpochelate; coxa trapezoidal; basis wide, clavate; ischium short, posterodistal corner not projected; merus posterodistal corner lacking projection, distal margin setose; carpus rectangular, length except posterodistal tooth about 1.6 times width, posterodistal corner with acute tooth, medial surface without tooth, anterior margin bearing 37 stridulating ridges and 2 short robust setae medially, posterior margin setose; propodus ovoid, about 0.7 times as long as carpus, posterior margin lacking robust setae, weakly setose; dactylus slightly curved posteriorly, posterior margin with 7 denticles. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; coxa trapezoidal; basis very long, slender, anterior and posterior margins each with a few setae; merus posterodistal corner setose; carpus trapezoidal, posterior margin and posteromedial surface heavily setose; propodus ca. 1.15 times as long as carpus, posterodistal corner and posterior margin with 3 and 1 short robust setae, respectively; dactylus short, slightly curved posteriorly, posterior margin with 4 denticles. Pereopods 3, 4 slender, pereopod 3 longer than gnathopod 2 and pereopod 4, weakly setose; coxae trapezoidal; bases elongate; meri slightly wide, straight; propodi longer than carpi; dactyli narrow. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 4; coxa bilobed; basis rectangular, posteroproximal corner triangularly projected, anterior and posterior margins with several simple setae; merus with thick seta each on anterodistal and posterodistal corners; carpus bearing anterodistal thick seta and 3 posterior robust setae; propodus with 3 anterior robust setae and 1 posterior and 2 posterodistal thick setae; dactylus short, slightly curved, with plumose seta. Pereopod 6 long; coxa short, bilobed; basis rectangular, posteroproximal corner roundly projected, anterior margin with 5 short robust and 3 simple setae, posterior margin bearing 9 plumose, 2 robust and 5 simple setae; merus with 1 anterodistal, 2 posterior and 1 posterodistal thick setae; carpus with 3 lateral robust setae, posterodistal corner bearing 1 robust and 1 thick setae; propodus with 4 anterior robust setae, posterodistal corner setose; dactylus slightly curved, with plumose seta. Pereopod 7 about 1.2 times as long as pereopod 6; coxa short, not bilobed; basis rectangular, posteroproximal corner slightly projected, anterior margin with 3 short robust setae, anterodistal corner bearing thick seta, posterior margin with 9 plumose setae; merus anterior margin with robust seta, posterodistal corner with thick seta; carpus with 3 lateral and 1 medial robust setae, mediodistal margin and posterodistal corner each with thick seta; propodus with 4 anterior robust setae and 2 posterior thick setae, posterodistal corner setose; dactylus slightly curved, bearing plumose seta. Pleon (Figs 9, 12). Epimeral plates 1 – 3 rounded posteroventrally, each with short seta, ventral margins bare. Pleopods, peduncles of pleopods 1 – 3 bearing 2, 2, 4 plumose setae, respectively; outer rami shorter than inner rami, outer rami with 10, 9, 9 articles and inner rami with 9, 9, 8 articles in pleopods 1 – 3, respectively. Uropod 1 long; dorsal surface of peduncle bearing 2 lateral and 5 medial robust setae, ventrodistal end with short inter-ramal process (18 % length of peduncle); both rami shorter than peduncle, outer ramus slightly longer than inner ramus, former with 3 dorsolateral, 2 dorsomedial and 4 terminal robust setae, latter bearing 1 ventrolateral, 1 dorsolateral, 4 dorsomedial and 4 terminal robust setae. Uropod 2 about 0.6 times as long as uropod 1; peduncle dorsal surface with 1 laterodistal and 1 mediodistal robust setae; outer ramus shorter and inner ramus longer than peduncle, outer ramus 3 / 4 length of inner ramus, former with 1 dorsolateral, 1 dorsomedial and 4 terminal robust setae, latter bearing 2 dorsolateral, 3 dorsomedial and 5 terminal robust setae. Uropod 3 ca. 0.55 times length of uropod 2; peduncle slightly longer than wide, swollen medially, dorsal and ventral surfaces each with seta; single ramus about 2.6 times as long as peduncle, with 2 lateral, 2 dorsal and 2 medial setae, tip bearing tiny second article and 4 setae. Telson fleshy, laterodistal corners each with 2 simple and 1 sensory setae, lateral margins each bearing 2 sensory setae. Description of female. Based on paratype, ovigerous female (OMNH-Ar- 12443, 6.4 mm). Generally similar to male holotype except for gnathopods and oostegites. Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 12 F-G 1) subchelate; coxa roundish trapezoidal; basis almost straight; ischium and merus short, both lacking projection; carpus wide, posterior margin heavily setose; propodus about 0.9 times as long as carpus, palm almost transverse, posterior margin with 2 robust setae; dactylus slightly curved posteriorly, posterior margin with 4 denticles. Gnathopod 2 (Fig. 12 F-RG 2) almost same as that of male, but basis wider, propodus with 3 posterodistal and 2 posterior robust setae. Variation. Paratype, male (OMNH-Ar- 12445, 4.0 mm). Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 12 M-G 1) almost same as that of holotype, but carpus posteromedial surface with small tooth, anterior margin bearing 4 small robust setae and 45 stridulating ridges. Paratype, juvenile male (OMNH-Ar- 12444, 2.6 mm). Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 12 JM-RG 1), carpus short like female, posterodistal tooth very small; propodus posterior margin with long robust seta. Coloration in life (Fig. 13). Based on paratype, ovigerous female (OMNH-Ar- 12443, 6.4 mm). Eyes brown, whole body yellowish light brown.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF86B611FF11F9773F87FE60.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Grandidierella gracilis sp. nov. has stridulating ridges on the carpus of the male gnathopod 1. This character is shared with eight species of Grandidierella: G. chaohuensis Hou & Li, 2002; G. japonica Stephensen, 1938; G. japonica sensu Myers, 1981 (probably different species); G. japonicoides Ariyama, 2020; G. lagamarensis (Myers & Desiderato, 2019); G. perlata Schellenberg, 1938; G. taihuensis Morino & Dai, 1990; and G. vietnamica Dang, 1968. Among these species, G. japonica sensu Myers, 1981, G. japonicoides, G. lagamarensis, and G. perlata resemble G. gracilis in the teeth arrangement on the male gnathopod 1 carpus (Table 1); however, this new species can be distinguished from G. japonica sensu Myers, 1981 by the poorly setose antennae, from G. japonicoides by the sparsely setose posterior margins of the pereopods 6, 7 bases, and from G. lagamarensis and G. perlata by the ordinary form of the male gnathopod 2. In addition, the habitat of G. gracilis is quite different from those of the eight species which inhabit freshwater areas, brackish waters or shallow seas (Table 1). Habitat. Sand or gravel bottom, 42 – 97 m depth.	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
03DF87CBFF86B611FF11F9773F87FE60.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Japan: Sagami Bay (present study).	en	Ariyama, Hiroyuki, Kohtsuka, Hisanori (2022): Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa 5159 (3): 393-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.3.5
