identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DC87C1FFC7A705FF1AFF2AA7C5C394.text	03DC87C1FFC7A705FF1AFF2AA7C5C394.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Crinipellis birhizomorpha Antonin, R. Ryoo & K. H. Ka 2014	<div><p>Crinipellis birhizomorpha Antonín, R. Ryoo &amp; K.H. Ka, sp. nov. (Figures 1A, 2)</p> <p>Mycobank MB 807007</p> <p>Pileus 4–10 mm broad, conical-convex or plano-convex, papillate, dark brown to orange-brown. Stipe 3–10 × 0.5–0.75 mm, hairy, dark brown or black-brown. Basidiospores 7.5–9.0(–9.5) × 4.25–5.25(–5.5) μm, ellipsoid, ellipsoid-fusoid, sublacrimoid. Cheilocystidia 12–25 × 5.0–8.0 μm, clavate, with apical projections. Rhizomorphs of two types; their presence, together with a combination of other characters, distinguish it from all similar species.</p> <p>Holotype:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Haenam, Mt. Dalmasan, 16 August 2012 V. Antonín, R. Ryoo, K.- H. Ka and H.- D. Sou (BRNM 751593).</p> <p>Etymology:—Having two types of rhizomorphs.</p> <p>Basidiocarps single. Pileus 4–10 mm broad, conical-convex, then plano-convex, with slightly to distinctly depressed centre with a very small papilla and inflexed to straight margin, distinctly adpressedly radially hairy (slightly tomentose at centre), most dense around centre, rather sparse toward margin (especially in old specimens), margin hairy, background whitish yellowish (up to 3A2 but mostly paler), hairs orange-brown (7D–E7), especially toward centre and toward margin, paler between them, papilla dark brown (7F7 when young, later paler). Lamellae rather distant, L = 16–19, l = 2(–3), emarginate and shortly attached or almost free, horizontal to subventricose, white to pale cream, with uneven, concolorous, finely pubescent edge. Stipe arising from substrate and rhizomorphs, rather short, 3–10 × 0.5–0.75 mm, cylindrical, insititious, entirely distinctly strigose when young, coarsely longitudinally fibrillose at very apex and hairy in old specimens, concolorous with lamellae at very apex when young, in old specimens entirely dark brown to black-brown (7F3–4), apparently paler, up to orange-brown (7C–D7), due to hair colour, sometimes even paler, almost whitish greyish in upper part. Context with slightly farinaceous-fungoid smell. Rhizomorphs of two types, (1) ‘normal’, cylindrical, smooth and glabrous, black-brown, (2) black-brown, densely pale greyish hairy, with erect, narrowly clavate, whitish, then apically pale brownish, white to whitish hairy upper part, terminating with 0.5–1.5 mm broad, radially hairy, brown abortive pilei.</p> <p>Basidiospores 7.5–9.0(–9.5) × 4.25–5.25(–5.5) μm, average 8.2 × 4.8 μm, E = 1.50–1.95, Q = 1.70, ellipsoid, ellipsoid-fusoid, sublacrimoid, thin-walled, non-dextrinoid, rarely slightly dextrinoid. Basidia 25–29 × 7.0–8.0 μm, 4-spored, clavate. Basidioles 15–28 × 4.0–9.0 μm, clavate, cylindrical or fusoid. Cheilocystidia 12–25 × 5.0–8.0 μm, clavate or (sub)cylindrical, thin-walled, with digitate, obtuse, thin-walled projections (broom cells) up to 9.0 × 2.0 μm. Pleurocystidia absent. Trama hyphae cylindrical or subinflated, slightly thick-walled, smooth, non-dextrinoid, up to 15 μm wide. Pileipellis (hypotrichium) composed of short-celled (cells fusoid, ellipsoid), slightly thick-walled, dextrinoid, up to 17 μm wide hyphae. Pileus hairs up to 500(–600) × 3.0–7.0(–8.0) μm, cylindrical, thick-walled (walls up to 2 μm), often septate and with obliterated lumen, often with irregular base, obtuse to acute, dextrinoid with yellow-olivaceous walls in 5 % KOH; mixed with scattered short ones. Stipitipellis a cutis of cylindrical, parallel, thick-walled, dextrinoid hyphae up to 4.0(–5.0) μm wide. Stipe hairs similar to pileus ones, mostly acute, mixed with infrequent smaller, sometimes branched, dextrinoid hairs; medulla hyphae dextrinoid (apex). Abortive pilei covered with setoid or subulate, thick-walled (walls up to 1.2 μm) acute hairs up to 250 × 6.0 μm, mixed with frequent short, obtuse hairs similar in other characteristics. Rhizomorphs comprised of similar hyphae as in stipitipellis and covered with similar acute hairs, 30–150 × up to 7.0 μm. Clamp connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habitat:—On twigs of Quercus acuta.</p> <p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.576385&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.37861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.576385/lat 34.37861)">Material</a> studied:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Haenam, Mt. Dalmasan, N 34º22’43’’, E 126º34’35’’, elev. 220– 250 m, 16 August 2012 V. Antonín (12.95), R. Ryoo, K.- H. Ka and H.- D. Sou (HOLOTYPE, BRNM 751593).</p> <p>Remarks:— Crinipellis birhizomorpha is characterized as having a rather small pileus, a rather short stipe arising from both substrate and rhizomorphs, a context with farinaceous-fungoid smell, rhizomorphs of two types, one forming abortive pilei, moderately large, non-dextrinoid, rarely slightly dextrinoid basidiospores, cheilocystidia in the form of broom cells, no pleurocystidia, and growing on twigs.</p> <p>The presence of the second type of rhizomorphs with an erect, narrowly clavate upper part, terminating in brown abortive pilei is a rather unique character in Crinipellis. Only one species having such rhizomorphs, Crinipellis cupreostipes Kerekes et al. (2009: 116) is found in the literature. This species differs in having a copper-coloured stipe, longer and narrower basidiospores with a different Q value (9–11 × 4–4.5 µm, Q = 2.4) (Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009). For a discussion of other similar taxa not forming abortive pilei and stipes arising from rhizomorphs, see notes in this paper about C. wandoensis. Crinipellis tabtim Kerekes et al. is phylogeneticaly placed close to C. birhizomorpha. It differs in a violet-brown to dark ruby coloured pileus, the absence of rhizomorphs, larger basidiospores (8–11 × 4–5.5 µm), and only 70–140 µm long pileus hairs (Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87C1FFC7A705FF1AFF2AA7C5C394	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Antonín, Vladimír;Ryoo, Rhim;Ka, Kang-Hyeon;Sou, Hong-Duck	Antonín, Vladimír, Ryoo, Rhim, Ka, Kang-Hyeon, Sou, Hong-Duck (2014): Three new species of Crinipellis and one new variety of Moniliophthora (Basidiomycota, Marasmiaceae) described from the Republic of Korea. Phytotaxa 170 (2): 86-102, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2
03DC87C1FFC5A70BFF1AFE3CA0D7C3F8.text	03DC87C1FFC5A70BFF1AFE3CA0D7C3F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Crinipellis wandoensis Antonin, R. Ryoo & K. H. Ka 2014	<div><p>Crinipellis wandoensis Antonín, R. Ryoo &amp; K.H. Ka, sp. nov. (Figures 1B, 3)</p> <p>Mycobank MB 807008</p> <p>Pileus 4–7 mm broad, obtusely conical or convex, papillate, brown with dark brown centre. Stipe 3–10 × up to 0.75 mm, fibrillose or hairy, dark brown. Basidiospores (7.0–)7.5–9.0 × 4.2–5.0 μm, ellipsoid, ellipsoid-fusoid, sublacrimoid. Cheilocystidia 12–16 × 5.5–8.0 μm, clavate, with apical projections. It is characterized by following combination of characters: a small, when young, hairy, brown pileus, a short, hairy, dark brown stipe, hairy rhizomorphs, moderately large, both non-dextrinoid and slightly dextrinoid basidiospores, broom cell cheilocystidia, no pleurocystidia, and growth on leaves.</p> <p>Holotype:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Wando, Wando Arboretum, 15 August 2012 V. Antonín, R. Ryoo, K.- H. Ka and H.- D. Sou (BRNM 751594).</p> <p>Etymology:—According to its type locality in the Wando Arboretum.</p> <p>Basidiocarps single or in small groups (2– 3 specimens). Pileus 4–7 mm broad, obtusely conical with slightly depressed centre with small papilla and involute margin when young, then convex with slightly depressed centre with small papilla (which may sometimes disappear when old), and inflexed to almost straight margin, distinctly radially hairy when very young (slightly tomentose at centre), later only with ± sparse, long (c. 1 mm), brownish to whitish hairs, which are adpressed and sometimes (sub)erect toward hairy margin, brown (6 C5–6), sometimes darker (6 E5), centre dark brown (3–4 F5–6), background later pale. Lamellae distant, L = 13–17, l = 1(–2), emarginate and very shortly attached or free, white, then pale yellowish (3–4 A2), with concolorous, pubescent edge. Stipe 13–30 × up to 0.75 mm, cylindrical, insititious, longitudinally fibrillose to almost hairy, especially at base in young specimens, concolorous with lamellae at very apex, dark brown (7 E – F5) otherwise appearing grey-brown due to hair colour. Context with ± fungoid smell and fungoid mild taste. Rhizomorphs cylindrical, hairy.</p> <p>Basidiospores (7.0–)7.5–9.0 × 4.2–5.0 μm, average 8.2 × 4.6 μm, E = 1.54–2.02, Q = 1.80, ellipsoid, ellipsoidfusoid, sublacrimoid, thin-walled, both non-dextrinoid and slightly dextrinoid. Basidia 20–30 × 7.0–9.0 μm, 4-spored, clavate. Basidioles 15–30 × 4.0–10 μm, clavate, fusoid, or cylindrical. Cheilocystidia 12–16 × 5.5–8.0 μm, clavate, thin-walled, with, digitate, obtuse, thin-walled apical projections (broom cells) up to 7.0 × 2.0 μm, mixed with rare smooth cells. Pleurocystidia absent. Trama hyphae cylindrical to (sub)inflated, thin-walled, non-dextrinoid, up to 15 μm wide, mixed with scattered, slightly thick-walled and dextrinoid ones. Pileipellis (hypotrichium) a cutis composed of radially arranged, cylindrical, non-dextrinoid to slightly dextrinoid, up to 10 μm wide hyphae; terminal cells fusoid or inflated, slightly thick-walled, (slightly) dextrinoid, smooth or minutely incrusted, up to 15(–20) μm wide. Pileus hairs up to c. 500 × 4.0–7.0(–12) μm, cylindrical, thick-walled (walls up to 1.0 μm), obtuse to subacute, rarely acute, septate, irregular at base, dextrinoid, with pale olivaceous walls in 5% KOH. Stipitipellis a cutis of cylindrical, parallel, thick-walled (walls up to c. 1.0 μm), smooth, dextrinoid, up to 5.0 μm wide hyphae. Stipe hairs similar to pileus ones, but subacute to acute, up to 7.0(–8.0) μm wide, with up to 2.0 μm thick walls; with a layer of shorter, adpressed to erect, cylindrical, simple or branched, thick-walled (up to 1.0 μm), dextrinoid (terminal) cells. Clamp connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habitat:—On fallen leaves of Quercus acuta.</p> <p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.66389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.359444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.66389/lat 34.359444)">Material</a> studied:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Wando, Wando Arboretum, N 34º21’34’’, E 126º39’50’’, elev. 85– 120 m, 15 August 2012 V. Antonín (12.90), R. Ryoo, K.- H. Ka and H.- D. Sou (HOLOTYPE, BRNM 751594).</p> <p>Remarks:— Crinipellis wandoensis is characterized by having small basidiocarps with a brown to dark brown pileus, distinctly hairy when very young (only sparsely hairy with maturity), a fibrillose to almost hairy stipe, welldeveloped, hairy rhizomorphs, (7.0–)7.5–9.0 × 4.2–5.0 μm, both non-dextrinoid and slightly dextrinoid basidiospores, cheilocystidia in the form of broom cells, no pleurocystidia, and a growth habit on fallen leaves.</p> <p>In comparison with species having a non-red or vinaceous coloured pileus, broom-cells cheilocystidia and no pleurocystidia, Crinipellis rhizomorphica Haruki Takahashi (2011: 392) has closer lamellae (L = 19–23), short, 5–15(– 30) × 0.2–0.6 mm large, white rhizomorphs, larger basidiospores, (9.5–)11–13 × (4–) 4.5–5 µm, with a different E value (2.44–2.6), and larger cheilocystidia (17–33 × 6–10 µm) (Takahashi 2011); C. canescens Haruki Takahashi (2000: 171) (= Moniliophthora canescens (Har. Takah.) Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009: 137) especially differs in having narrower basidiospores (9.0–10.4 × 3.7–4.3 µm), and cheilocystidia with only one or several apical projections (Takahashi 2000), and C. nigricaulis Haruki Takahashi (2000: 178), which is macroscopically very similar, has a distinctly longer stipe (30–150(–200) mm), larger cheilocystidia (17–30 × 6–11 µm), and longer (200–1500 µm) pileus hairs (Takahashi 2000); all three species were described from Japan.</p> <p>A species from New Zealand, Crinipellis filiformis G. Stevenson (1964: 42) has a smaller, 1–2 mm broad pileus, and narrower, faintly dextrinoid basidiospores (9 × 4 µm); C. substipitaria G. Stevenson (1964: 43), found also in Southeast Asia, has distinctly broader basidiospores (8.6–10.5 × 6.4–7.4 µm); C. procera G. Stevenson (1964: 43), known also in Southeast Asia, has a 5–15 mm broad pileus, a longer stipe (60–100 mm), cheilocystidia 10 × 5 µm (but Kerekes &amp; Desjardin: 11–20 × 4.5–8 µm), and narrower pileus hairs 2.5–4.5(–5) µm wide (Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009, Stevenson 1964).</p> <p>Among Southeast Asian species, Crinipellis actinophora (Berkeley &amp; Broome 1875: 39) Singer (1955: 397), has a darker, dark brown, then brown to greyish brown pileus, narrower basidiospores (6–10 × 3–5 µm), narrower pileus hairs (180–750 × 3–6 µm), and large, distinctly inflated cells in the pileipellis (see Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009: Fig. 2, 6b) similar to those found in the pileipellis of the European species C. pedemontana Vizzini et al. (2007: 786); C. brunnescens Kerekes et al. (2009: 114) also has a darker pileus, a shorter stipe (8–12 × 0.4–0.8 mm), larger cheilocystidia (12–25 × 4–8 µm), and smaller (87–340 × 4–5 µm) pileus hairs; C. cupreostipes Kerekes et al. (2009: 116) has a very long, copper coloured stipe (40–550 mm), and narrower basidiospores with a different Q value (9–11 × 4–4.5 µm, Q = 2.4); C. dipterocarpi Singer (1943: 496) differs in having a paler coloured pileus, longer stipe (11–50 mm), and a different basidiospore size and Q value (5–10 × 3–5.5 µm, Q = 2.2) (Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009, Singer 1976). Crinipellis setipes (Peck 1885: 109) Singer (1943: 493), known from China, Thailand, NE North America and Mexico, has a paler and longer stipe (23–50 mm, 28–85 mm and 16–100 mm resp.), and smaller basidiospores (6–9 × 3.5–4.5 µm, 7–9 × 4–5 µm resp.) (Bandala et al. 2012, Doyle 1987, Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009).</p> <p>Among South American taxa, C. podocarpi Singer in Singer &amp; Digilio (1952: 225), described from Argentina, has different sized basidiospores (7–8.2 × 5–7.2 µm), and larger cheilocystidia (12–35 × 6–8.5 µm); C. stupparia (Berkeley &amp; M.A. Curtis 1869: 285) Patouillard (1900: 143), known from Cuba, Venezuela, Columbia and Brazil, has a different basidiospore size (6–9.8 × 4–7 µm), and larger cheilocystidia (15–38 × 3.5–11 µm) (Singer 1976).</p> <p>Crinipellis nsimalensis Antonín et al. (2012: 401), described from Cameroon, has a larger, 10–25 mm broad pileus, a more robust (25–60 × 1–2 mm) stipe, larger basidiospores with a different Q value (9.5–11(–12) × (4.0–) 4.5–5.5(–6.5) μm, Q = 2.23), and larger cheilocystidia (25–45 × 6.0–13 μm); Crinipellis kisanganensis Antonín &amp; Buyck (2012: 402), known in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, has narrower basidiospores with a different Q value (8.0–10 × 3.5–4.75 μm, Q = 2.04–2.44), and larger cheilocystidia ((12–)15–26 × 4.5–9.0 μm) (Antonín 2012, 2013).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87C1FFC5A70BFF1AFE3CA0D7C3F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Antonín, Vladimír;Ryoo, Rhim;Ka, Kang-Hyeon;Sou, Hong-Duck	Antonín, Vladimír, Ryoo, Rhim, Ka, Kang-Hyeon, Sou, Hong-Duck (2014): Three new species of Crinipellis and one new variety of Moniliophthora (Basidiomycota, Marasmiaceae) described from the Republic of Korea. Phytotaxa 170 (2): 86-102, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2
03DC87C1FFCBA709FF1AFDD8A7AEC368.text	03DC87C1FFCBA709FF1AFDD8A7AEC368.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Crinipellis pallidipilus Antonin, R. Ryoo & K. H. Ka 2014	<div><p>Crinipellis pallidipilus Antonín, R. Ryoo &amp; K.H. Ka, sp. nov. (Figures 1c, 4)</p> <p>Mycobank MB 807009</p> <p>Pileus 3–7 mm broad, hemispherical to obtusely conical or plano-conical, papillate, golden brown, pallescent to cream. Stipe 6–15 × 0.5– 0.75 mm, hairy, golden brown. Basidiospores 8.0–10 × 5.0–6.0 μm, ellipsoid, ellipsoid-fusoid. Cheilocystidia 12–19 × 5.5–8.0 μm, cylindrical, with apical projections. It is characterized by the following combination of characters: a small pileus with golden brown then distinctly pallescent hairs, a distinctly farinaceous smell and taste, very long, hairy rhizomorphs, rather wide basidiospores in comparison with other species described here, broom cell cheilocystidia, no pleurocystidia, and growth on bark.</p> <p>Holotype:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Haenam, Mts. Duryunsan, Daeheungsa, 14 August 2012 V. Antonín, R. Ryoo, K.- H. Ka and H.- D. Sou (BRNM 751595).</p> <p>Etymology:—With pallescent pileipellis hairs.</p> <p>FIGURE = 4. Crinipellis pallidipilus. a. cheilocystidia, b. basidiospores, c. pileus hairs. Scale bar = 20 μm.</p> <p>Basidiocarps single. Pileus 3–7 mm broad, hemispherical to broadly conical then plano-conical, soon with applanate to slightly depressed centre with small central papilla which is sometimes absent in old specimens, with involute to inflexed, hairy margin, surface (except for papilla) entirely adpressedly radially fibrillose-hairy, golden brown (6– C–D6–8) when young, then hairs becoming distinctly pallescent to cream (3–4A2), background then whitish to pale cream (up to 3A2), papilla concolorous. Lamellae rather close, L = 17–19, l = 2, emarginate and shortly adnate, ± horizontal, white to pale cream, with concolorous, pubescent edge. Stipe 6–15 × 0.5–0.75 mm, cylindrical, insititious, entirely distinctly hairy, only fibrillose at apex in older specimens, hairs concolorous with those on pileus, background very pale brownish. Context thin, with distinctly farinaceous smell and taste. Rhizomorphs abundant, very long and hairy, dark brown, black-brown to black.</p> <p>Basidiospores 8.0–10 × 5.0–6.0 μm, average 8.9 × 5.4 mm, E = 1.54–1.80, Q = 1.65, ellipsoid, ellipsoid-fusoid, thin-walled, non-dextrinoid. Basidia 27–35 × 8.5–11 μm, 4-spored, clavate. Basidioles 15–35 × 4.0–10 μm, clavate, cylindrical, or fusoid. Cheilocystidia 12–19 × 5.5–8.0 μm, clavate, cylindrical, thin-walled, with numerous digitate, obtuse, apical projections (broom cells) up to 8.0 × 2.0 μm. Pleurocystidia absent. Trama hyphae cylindrical to inflated, thin-walled, non-dextrinoid, up to 12(–15) μm wide. Pileipellis (hypotrichium) composed of short-celled (cells ellipsoid or fusoid), ± thin-walled, incrusted, non-dextrinoid, up to 15 μm wide hyphae with ± colourless walls in 5% KOH. Pileus hairs up to 750 × 7.0 μm, cylindrical, thick-walled (walls up to 2.0(–2.5) μm), sometimes septate and with obliterated lumen, sometimes irregular at base, obtuse to acute, dextrinoid, with pale yellow-olivaceous walls in 5 % KOH; mixed with scattered short hairs. Stipitipellis a cutis of cylindrical, parallel, thick-walled (walls up to ± 1.0 μm), dextrinoid, up to 5.0 μm wide hyphae. Stipe hairs similar to those on pileus, but smaller, c. 25–400 mm long. Clamp connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habitat:—On a piece of bark of a living stem of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, up to c. 1.5 m high above ground.</p> <p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.61305&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.47861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.61305/lat 34.47861)">Material</a> studied:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.61305&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.47861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.61305/lat 34.47861)">Haenam</a>, Mts. Duryunsan, Daeheungsa, N 34º28’43”, E 126º36’47”, elev. 125–250 m, 14 August 2012 V. Antonín (12.88), R. Ryoo, K.- H. Ka and H.- D. Sou (HOLOTYPE, BRNM 751595).</p> <p>Remarks:— Crinipellis pallidipilus is characterized by having small basidiocarps with golden brown then distinctly pallescent pileus hairs, a short stipe, a distinctly farinaceous odour and taste, abundant, very long, hairy rhizomorphs, moderately long, rather wide basidiospores in comparison with other species described in this paper, cheilocystidia in the form of broom cells, no pleurocystidia, and by growing on a piece of bark. A distinct farinaceous smell and taste are unique characters in the genus Crinipellis (Antonín 2012, Antonín &amp; Noordeloos 2010, Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009).</p> <p>In comparison with other species without a red or vinaceous coloured pileus, and that have broom-cell cheilocystidia and no pleurocystidia, Crinipellis rhizomorphica has closer lamellae (L = 19–23), short, 5–15(–30) × 0.02–0.06 mm large, white rhizomorphs, larger basidiospores, (9.5–)11–13 × (4–) 4.5–5 µm, with a different E value (2.44–2.6), and larger cheilocystidia (17–33 × 6–10 µm) (Takahashi 2011); C. canescens (= Moniliophthora canescens) differs by having a reddish brown to brown pileus (darker at centre), narrower basidiospores (9.0–10.4 × 3.7–4.3 µm), and cheilocystidia with only one or several apical projections (Takahashi 2000), and C. nigricaulis has a distinctly longer stipe (30–150(– 200) mm), and smaller basidiospores (7–9 × 4–5 µm; 8.5–11.5 × 3.75–4.75(–5.0) µm in var. macrospora) (Antonín et al. 2009, Takahashi 2000); all three species were described from Japan. Considering species from New Zealand, Crinipellis filiformis has a smaller, 1–2 mm broad pileus, and 9 × 4 µm, faintly dextrinoid basidiospores; C. substipitaria, found also in Southeast Asia has distinctly broader basidiospores (8.6–10.5 × 6.4–7.4 µm); C. procera, known also in Southeast Asia has a 5–15 mm broad pileus with a sharp central papilla, a longer stipe (60–100 mm), small (8 × 4–4.5 µm, but Kerekes &amp; Desjardin: (7.7–)8–9.6 × 4.2–5.5 µm) basidiospores, and only 10 × 5 µm (cf. Kerekes &amp; Desjardin: 11–20 × 4.5–8 µm) large cheilocystidia (Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009, Stevenson 1964).</p> <p>Among Southeast Asian species, Crinipellis actinophora, has a darker, dark brown, then brown to greyish brown pileus, and narrower basidiospores (6–10 × 3–5 µm); C. brunnescens also has a darker, centrally dark brown, marginally brown pileus, and narrower basidiospores (6–10 × 4–5 µm); C. cupreostipes has a dark brown, then brown pileus, a very long, copper-coloured stipe (40–550 mm), and narrower basidiospores (9–11 × 4–4.5 µm); C. dipterocarpi differs in the longer stipe (11–50 mm), a different basidiospore size and the Q value (5–10 × 3–5.5 µm, Q = 2.2) (Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009). Crinipellis setipes, known from China, Thailand, NE North America and Mexico, has a dark brown pileus, a longer stipe (23–50 mm, 28–85 mm and 16–100 mm resp.), and smaller basidiospores (6–9 × 3.5–4.5 µm, 7–9 × 4–5 µm resp.) (Bandala et al. 2012, Doyle 1987, Kerekes &amp; Desjardin 2009).</p> <p>Among South American taxa, C. podocarpi, described from Argentina, has a chestnut to fuligineous pileus centre, different sized basidiospores (7–8.2 × 5–7.2 µm), and larger cheilocystidia (12–35 × 6–8.5 µm); C. stupparia, known from Cuba, Venezuela, Columbia and Brazil, has a different basidiospore size (6–9.8 × 4–7 µm), and larger cheilocystidia (15–38 × 3.5–11 µm) (Singer 1976).</p> <p>Crinipellis nsimalensis, described from Cameroon, has a larger, 10–25 mm broad pileus, a more robust (25–60 × 1–2 mm) stipe, larger basidiospores with a different Q value (9.5–11(–12) × (4.0–)4.5–5.5(–6.5) μm, Q = 2.23), and larger cheilocystidia (25–45 × 6.0–13 μm); Crinipellis kisanganensis, known in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, has a darker pileus, dark brown at centre, brown to brownish orange at margin, a longer stipe (up to 35 mm), and narrower basidiospores (8.0–10 × 3.5–4.75 μm) (Antonín 2012, 2013).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87C1FFCBA709FF1AFDD8A7AEC368	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Antonín, Vladimír;Ryoo, Rhim;Ka, Kang-Hyeon;Sou, Hong-Duck	Antonín, Vladimír, Ryoo, Rhim, Ka, Kang-Hyeon, Sou, Hong-Duck (2014): Three new species of Crinipellis and one new variety of Moniliophthora (Basidiomycota, Marasmiaceae) described from the Republic of Korea. Phytotaxa 170 (2): 86-102, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2
03DC87C1FFC9A709FF1AFC4CA6CFC6A4.text	03DC87C1FFC9A709FF1AFC4CA6CFC6A4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Moniliophthora conchata (Har. Takah.) Antonin, R. Ryoo	<div><p>Moniliophthora conchata (Har. Takah.) Antonín, R. Ryoo &amp; K.-H. Ka, comb. nov.</p> <p>Basionym: Crinipellis conchata Har. Takah., Mycoscience 43: 343, 2002.</p> <p>Syn.: Chaetocalathus conchatus (Har. Takah.) Vizzini, Rivista di Micologia 51: 66, 2008.</p> <p>Mycobank MB 808334</p> <p>During our field research an almost identical fungus was found.It only differed in having distinctly smaller basidiospores, and, therefore, is described as a new variety here.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87C1FFC9A709FF1AFC4CA6CFC6A4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Antonín, Vladimír;Ryoo, Rhim;Ka, Kang-Hyeon;Sou, Hong-Duck	Antonín, Vladimír, Ryoo, Rhim, Ka, Kang-Hyeon, Sou, Hong-Duck (2014): Three new species of Crinipellis and one new variety of Moniliophthora (Basidiomycota, Marasmiaceae) described from the Republic of Korea. Phytotaxa 170 (2): 86-102, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2
03DC87C1FFC9A70FFF1AFB6CA1D5C32A.text	03DC87C1FFC9A70FFF1AFB6CA1D5C32A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Moniliophthora conchata var. brevispora Antonin, R. Ryoo	<div><p>Moniliophthora conchata var. brevispora Antonín, R. Ryoo &amp; K.-H. Ka, var. nov. (Figures 1d, 5)</p> <p>Mycobank MB 807010</p> <p>It differs from the type variety in having smaller basidiospores.</p> <p>Holotype:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Wando, Wando Arboretum, 15 August 2012 V. Antonín, R. Ryoo, K.-H. Ka and H.-D. Sou (BRNM 751596).</p> <p>Etymology:—Having smaller basidiospores.</p> <p>Basidiocarps pleurotoid, single. Pileus 5–8 mm broad, convex, then plano-convex to almost applanate, obtuse at centre, margin involute, then inflexed, finely granulose-tomentose at centre when young, then ± tomentose at centre and almost glabrous otherwise, margin hairy when young, sometimes rugulose-sulcate up to ½ of diam. when old, entirely pale brownish greyish (paler than 5B3). Lamellae distant, L = 7–11, l = 1–2, adnate, irregularly branched, later intervenose toward margin, cream (3A2), with concolorous, finely pubescent edge. Stipe very short, almost lateral, up to 1 × 0.75 mm, cylindrical, brownish floccose to almost hairy, insititious, concolorous with lamellae, brownish at base in older specimens.</p> <p>Basidiospores 6.5–8.0 × 3.5–4.5 μm, average 7.2 × 4.0 μm, E = 1.56–2.06, E = 1.84, ellipsoid, cylindricalellipsoid, ellipsoid-fusoid, thin-walled, non-dextrinoid. Basidia 23–29 × 6.0–8.5 μm, 4-spored, clavate. Basidioles 15– 30 × 4.0–8.0 μm, clavate, cylindrical or subfusoid. Cheilocystidia 14–24 × 6.0–8.0 μm, clavate or subcylindrical, thinwalled, with numerous, up to 10 × 2.0 μm, digitate, obtuse, thin-walled apical projections (broom cells). Pleurocystidia absent. Trama hyphae cylindrical, non-dextrinoid, up 10 μm wide. Pileipellis (hypotrichium) composed of cylindrical, dextrinoid, incrusted, up to 6.0 μm wide hyphae. Pileus hairs up to 130 × 3.0–7.0 μm, cylindrical, obtuse, thick-walled, septate, dextrinoid; hairs shorter, less distinctly thick-walled (up to 1.5 μm), irregular or often branched near pileus margin; colourless in 5% KOH. Stipitipellis a cutis of cylindrical, parallel, slightly thick-walled, often incrusted, nondextrinoid, up to 5.0(–7.0) μm wide hyphae. Caulocystidia adpressed to erect, cylindrical, narrowly clavate, ± thinwalled, sometimes irregular or with projection(s), non-dextrinoid, mixed with scattered hairs similar to pileus ones. Clamp connections present in all tissues.</p> <p>Habitat:—On fallen twigs of a liana.</p> <p>Material studied:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Wando, Wando Arboretum, N 34º21’34’’, E 126º39’50’’, elev. 85–120 m, 15 August 2012 V. Antonín (12.91), R. Ryoo, K.-H. Ka and H.-D. Sou (BRNM 751596, HOLOTYPE of M. conchata var. brevispora). JAPAN, Tokyo, Hachioji, Mt. Takao, 15 June 2000 H. Takahashi (KPM-NC 6721!, HOLOTYPE of Crinipellis conchata var. conchata).</p> <p>Remarks:— Moniliophthora conchata var. brevispora is characterized by having small pleurotoid basidiocarps with a convex, then plano-convex to almost applanate, pale brownish greyish pileus, distant, irregularly branched then intervenose lamellae, a very short, almost lateral stipe, rather small basidiospores, cheilocystidia with numerous, digitate apical projections, and no pleurocystidia. The typical var. conchata differs from var. brevispora by the presence of distinctly larger basidiospores and different E and Q values (type revision: 10.5–12 × (4.75–)5.0–6.0 μm, Q = 2.14).</p> <p>Key to Crinipellis and Moniliophthora species found in the Republic of Korea</p> <p>1. Basidiocarps pleurotoid with a very short, lateral stipe; pileus hairs never becoming olivaceous in 5% KOH............................................................................................................................................................................. Moniliophthora conchata var. brevispora</p> <p>- Basidiocarps distinctly stipitate with a well-developed, ± central stipe; pileus hairs becoming olivaceous in 5% KOH................ 2</p> <p>2. Cheilocystidia irregular, branched, subcoralloid or with 1–3(–4) large projection(s)......................................................................3</p> <p>- Cheilocystidia in the form of broom cells..........................................................................................................................................4</p> <p>3. Basidiospores 8.5–10 × 4.0–5.0(–5.25) μm; cheilocystidia 17–32 × 4.0–7.0 μm, clavate, subcylindrical, irregular or mostly with 1–3 (–4) large apical projection(s); pleurocystidia present, scattered........................................................ Crinipellis rhizomaticola</p> <p>- Basidiospores 6.5–7.25 × 3.0–4.0 μm; cheilocystidia 20–45 × 5.0–9.0 μm, cylindrical, clavate or fusoid, irregular, branched or subcoralloid; pleurocystidia absent........................................................................................................................ Crinipellis zonata</p> <p>4. Stipe very long, 55–200 mm; basidiospores 8.5–11.5 × 3.75–4.75(–5.0) μm, average 10.1 × 4.1 μm, Q = 2.4–2.6......................................................................................................................................................................... Crinipellis nigricaulis var. macrospora</p> <p>- Stipe distinctly shorter (up to 30 mm only); basidiospores between 7.0–10 × 4.25–6.0 μm, Q = 1.65–1.80....................................5</p> <p>5. Stipe arising from substrate and rhizomorphs, 3–10 mm long; rhizomorphs of two types; basidiospores 7.5–9.0(–9.5) × 4.25– 5.25(–5.5) μm, average 8.2 × 4.8 μm, Q = 1.70; on twigs......................................................................... Crinipellis birhizomorpha</p> <p>- Stipe always arising from substrate, usually longer; rhizomorphs of one type..................................................................................6</p> <p>6. Stipe 13–30 mm long; lamellae distant (L = 13–17); basidiospores (7.0–)7.5–9.0 × 4.2–5.0 μm, Q = 1.80, both non-dextrinoid and slightly dextrinoid; on fallen leaves................................................................................................................ Crinipellis wandoensis</p> <p>- Stipe 6–15 mm long; lamellae rather close (L = 17–19); basidiospores broader, 8.0–10 × 5.0–6.0 μm, Q = 1.65, non-dextrinoid; on bark.................................................................................................................................................................. Crinipellis pallidipilus</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87C1FFC9A70FFF1AFB6CA1D5C32A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Antonín, Vladimír;Ryoo, Rhim;Ka, Kang-Hyeon;Sou, Hong-Duck	Antonín, Vladimír, Ryoo, Rhim, Ka, Kang-Hyeon, Sou, Hong-Duck (2014): Three new species of Crinipellis and one new variety of Moniliophthora (Basidiomycota, Marasmiaceae) described from the Republic of Korea. Phytotaxa 170 (2): 86-102, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.2
