identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DD87E9067DFFED82D0FA3CFDC601D8.text	03DD87E9067DFFED82D0FA3CFDC601D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smilax gigantea Merrill K 1922	<div><p>1. Smilax gigantea Merrill (1922: 161) . Fig. 1</p><p>Lectotype (designated here): BORNEO, Sandakan and vicinity, Sept-Dec 1920, M. Ramos 1850, K000292107 (K, digital image!). Isolectotypes: P00686981 (P, digital image!), 00030119 (A, digital image!), L1453511 (L, digital image!), 00092004 (US, digital image!).</p><p>Distribution: BORNEO.</p><p>Notes: Smilax gigantea was described by Elmer Drew Merrill in 1922 based on the collections made from British North Borneo near Sandakan by M. Ramos in November, 1920. While searching for the type specimen of Smilax gigantea, we found that Ramos’ collections were housed at various herbaria viz., A, BO, BR, C, CAL, CM, DPU, E, G, GH, K, L, MANCH, MO, NSW, NY, P, PNH, SAN, U, US and WRSL and after a thorough search, we could locate five duplicates for this collection, one each at P (P00686981), K (K000292107), US (00092004), A (00030119) and L (L1453511). All these specimens have M. Ramos’ annotation as “ Smilax gigantea Merr. n. sp., 1850, Sandakan and vicinity, Sept-Dec, 1920, Flora of British North Borneo”. Out of these, specimen K000292107 is designated as a lectotype, following articles 7.11, 9.3, and 9.12 of the ICN (Turland et al. 2018). This specimen matches perfectly with the protologue description and bears the branches and inflorescence in good condition.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87E9067DFFED82D0FA3CFDC601D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sukhramani, Geetika;Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar	Sukhramani, Geetika, Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar (2022): Lectotypification of four names in the genus Smilax (Smilacaceae). Phytotaxa 532 (1): 107-113, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.532.1.10
03DD87E9067DFFE882D0F800FC7E0565.text	03DD87E9067DFFE882D0F800FC7E0565.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smilax kingii Hooker	<div><p>2. Smilax kingii Hooker f. (1892: 307). Fig. 2.</p><p>Lectotype (designated here): MALAYAN PENINSULA, Perak, Larut, Feb. 1883, Dr. King’s Collector 3914, K000292116 (K, digital image!). Isolectotypes: CAL0000033931 (CAL, digital image!), CAL0000033933 (CAL, digital image!), L1453439 (L, digital image!), P00686983 (P, digital image!), P00686984 (P, digital image!) . Syntypes: MALAYAN PENINSULA, Perak, Larut, April 1883, Dr. King’s Collector 4171, CAL0000033932 (CAL, digital image!), CAL0000033936 (CAL, digital image!), SING 0218425 (SING, digital image!), SING 0218426 (SING, digital image!), ibid, s.loc., April 1881, Dr. King’s Collector 4171, K000292117 (K, digital image!) .</p><p>Distribution: INDIA, MALAYSIA.</p><p>Notes: While searching for the original materials of Smilax kingii, we came across 11 sheets referred by Hooker f. (1892), four at CAL (CAL0000033931, CAL0000033932, CAL0000033933, CAL0000033936), two each at K (K000232116, K000292117), P (P00686983, P00686984), and SING (SING 0218425, SING 0218426) and one at L (L1453439). All of them mentioned the type location as Malayan Peninsula and Dr. King’s Collector, as in the protologue citation. But they represented different collection numbers and dates such as 3914, Feb. 1883 in CAL0000033931, CAL0000033933, K000232116, P00686983, P00686984, L1453439; 4171, April 1883 in CAL0000033932, CAL0000033936, SING 0218425, SING 0218426, and 4171, April 1881 in K000292117. However, the annotation ' April 1881 ' on K000292117 can be considered a correctable error as all the other sheets bear 1883 as the year of collection (rectified in CAL0000033932, CAL0000033936, SING 0218425 &amp; SING 0218426). Following articles 7.11, 9.3, and 9.12 of the ICN, we selected K000292116 as a lectotype which have Dr. King’s Collector’s annotation as “3914, Malay Peninsula, Larut, Perak, Feb, 1883” and bears flowers along with the vegetative details matching perfectly with the protologue description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87E9067DFFE882D0F800FC7E0565	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sukhramani, Geetika;Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar	Sukhramani, Geetika, Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar (2022): Lectotypification of four names in the genus Smilax (Smilacaceae). Phytotaxa 532 (1): 107-113, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.532.1.10
03DD87E90678FFE882D0FD5DFB040235.text	03DD87E90678FFE882D0FD5DFB040235.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smilax megacarpa De Candolle 1878	<div><p>3. Smilax megacarpa De Candolle (1878: 186) . Fig. 3</p><p>Lectotype (designated here): INDIA, East Bengal, Khasya, s.d. Griffith 5421, K000820886 (K, digital image!) . Syntypes: MALAYA, s.loc., s.d. Maingay 1698, CAL0000033930 (CAL, digital image!), MALAYA, s.loc., s.d. Maingay 1698, K000292126 (K, digital image!).</p><p>Distribution: CAMBODIA, CHINA, INDIA, INDONESIA, LAOS, MALAYSIA, MYANMAR, SINGAPORE, THAILAND, VIETNAM.</p><p>Notes: Alphonse De Candolle (1878) described Smilax megacarpa based on two gatherings (Griffith 5421 and Maingay 1698 from East Bengal and Malaya, respectively). While searching for the type specimens of S. megacarpa, we found that Griffith’s collections were housed at K, GH and MPU while those of Maingay’s were housed at K. After a thorough search of these herbaria, we could locate one specimen at CAL (CAL0000033930) and two specimens at K (K000820886, K000292126). Out of which, K000820886 (designated here as lectotype) have Griffith’s annotation as “ Smilax sp., Khasya, 5421, Herbarium of the late East India Company, East Bengal” and a determinavit slip by Alphonse De Candolle as “ Smilax megacarpa A. DC., Type specimen”. Another specimen (CAL0000033930) has two annotations of Maingay as “ Smilax, Malacca, 1867, 3078” and “ Smilax, Malaya, 1698, herbarium of the late A.C. Maingay, M.D” Also, specimen (K000292126) has two annotations of A.C. Maingay, M.D as “Malacca, 16 th Dec, 1867-68, 3078” and “ Smilax, Malaya, 1698, herbarium of the late A.C. Maingay, M.D” and a determinavit slip by Alphonse De Candolle as “ Smilax megacarpa A. DC., Type specimen”. As Alphonse De Candolle mentioned two specimens in the protologue, lectotypification becomes necessary following articles 7.11, 9.3, and 9.12 of the ICN. Therefore, we designate K000820886 as the lectotype of S. megacarpa because it matches well with the protologue description and has fruits and leaves in good condition.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87E90678FFE882D0FD5DFB040235	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sukhramani, Geetika;Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar	Sukhramani, Geetika, Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar (2022): Lectotypification of four names in the genus Smilax (Smilacaceae). Phytotaxa 532 (1): 107-113, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.532.1.10
03DD87E90678FFE882D0FA6DFEB301E5.text	03DD87E90678FFE882D0FA6DFEB301E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smilax tetraptera Schlechter K 1906	<div><p>4. Smilax tetraptera Schlechter (1906: 32) . Fig. 4.</p><p>Lectotype (designated here): NEW CALEDONIA. Ngoye, 3 Nov 1902, R. Schlechter, 15207, K000820870 (K, digital image!). Isolectotypes: B100365950 (B, digital image!), P00537836 (P, digital image!)</p><p>Distribution: NEW CALEDONIA.</p><p>Notes: Smilax tetraptera was described by Schlechter (1906) based on his collection made from the mountains of Ngoye, New Caledonia in November 1902 having the collection number 15207 as specified in the protologue. While searching for the original material, three sheets were found associated with S. tetraptera, one each at B (B100365950), K (K000820870), and P (P00537836). All these specimens have Schlechter’s annotation as “ Smilax tetraptera Schltr. n. sp., Plantae Schlechterianae no. 15207, Auf den Bergen am Ngoye, 600m, 3/11/1902 ”. Following articles 7.11, 9.3, and 9.12 of the ICN, we have selected K000820870 as a lectotype because it bears floral buds and matches perfectly with the protologue description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87E90678FFE882D0FA6DFEB301E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sukhramani, Geetika;Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar	Sukhramani, Geetika, Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar (2022): Lectotypification of four names in the genus Smilax (Smilacaceae). Phytotaxa 532 (1): 107-113, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.532.1.10
