identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DD8263FFEC3852FF701E0C64DFB38B.text	03DD8263FFEC3852FF701E0C64DFB38B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Asyntactus Marshall 1898	<div><p>Asyntactus Marshall, 1898</p><p>Asyntactus Marshall, 1898: 240; Shenefelt, 1974: 982; Tobias, 1986: 157; Belokobylskij &amp; Kostromina, 2011: 90; Yu et al., 2012.</p><p>Type species: Asyntactus rhogaleus Marshall, 1898 .</p><p>This is rare monotypic Western Palaearctic genus of the tribe Alysiini which is recorded in several Western European countries (Yu et al., 2012) and only recently (Belokobylskij &amp; Kostromina, 2011) was found in the Central Urals. Study of a large amount of material from the local population allowed us to discover significant variation of sculpture and colouration in A. rhagoleus Marshall, 1898, and as result we synonymized Asyntactus sigalphoides Marshall, 1898 with the type species of this genus (Belokobylskij &amp; Kostromina, 2011). The agromyzid fly Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 is host record for this genus for the first time.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD8263FFEC3852FF701E0C64DFB38B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kostromina, Tatiana S.;Timokhov, Alexander V.;Belokobylskij, Sergey A.	Kostromina, Tatiana S., Timokhov, Alexander V., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2016): Braconid wasps of subfamily Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as endoparasitoids of Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the Central Urals, Russia. Zootaxa 4200 (2): 305-319, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.2.3
03DD8263FFEC3853FF701FCF6442B146.text	03DD8263FFEC3853FF701FCF6442B146.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Asyntactus rhogaleus Marshall 1898	<div><p>Asyntactus rhogaleus Marshall, 1898</p><p>(Figs 2–9)</p><p>Asyntactus rhogaleus Marshall, 1898: 240; Fischer, 1971: 72; Shenefelt, 1974: 982; Tobias, 1986: 157; Belokobylskij &amp; Kostromina, 2011: 90; Yu et al., 2012.</p><p>Asyntactus sigalphoides Marshall, 1898: 241; Fischer, 1971: 74; Shenefelt, 1974: 982; Belokobylskij &amp; Kostromina, 2011: 90 (as synonym); Yu et al., 2012.</p><p>Material examined. Russia: 4 males, Middle Urals, Yekaterinburg City, outskirts of Verkh-Isetsk pond, Baran I., sweeping on shore vegetation, mainly on sedge, 11.V.2008 (T. Kostromina) ; 36 females, 115 males, same locality, sweeping on tussock of sedge, 11–19.V.2009 (T. Kostromina); 1 female, 23 males, same locality, on tussock of sedge (young caules with blades), 11–14, 19.V.2009 (T. Kostromina); 7 females, 26 males, same locality, sweeping on sedge, 10–15.V.2011 (T. Kostromina); 4 females, 4 males same label, but 18.V.2011; 1 female, “ Russia, Middle Urals, Yekaterinburg City outskirts, Verkh-Isetsk pond, Baran Island, T. Kostromina, A. Pervushin”, “ Rearing from tussock of Carex 7.05.2013” ; 1 male, same first label, “[1] Rearing from tussock of Carex 6.05.2013”; 1 female, 1 male, same first label, “[1] Rearing from tussock of Carex 7.05.2013”; 1 male, same first label, “[2] Rearing from tussock of Carex 6.05.2013”; 1 female, same first label, “[3] Rearing from tussock of Carex 6.05.2013”; 1 male, same first label, “[4] Rearing from tussock of Carex 6.05.2013”; 1 male, “ Russia, Middle Urals, Yekaterinburg City outskirts, Verkh-Isetsk pond, Baran Island, T. Kostromina, A. Timokhov”, “[7] Rearing from tussock of Carex 12.05.2014 . Tussock collected 30.04.2014 . ”; 1 male, same first label, “[9] Rearing from tussock of Carex 8.05.2014. Tussock collected 30.04.2014 ” ; 1 female, same first label, “[11] Rearing from tussock of Carex 8.05.2014. Tussock collected 30.04.2014 ” ; 1 female, 1 male, same first label, “[12] Rearing from tussock of Carex 8.05.2014. Tussock collected 30.04.14 ”; 1 female, same first label, “[17] Rearing from pupa of Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae) 6.05.2014”; 1 male, same first label, “[27–3]. Tussock collected 1.05.2014” (no rearing, but parasitoid was discovered after puparium opening); 1 male, same first label, “[3–2] Rearing from pupa of Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae) 6.05.2015”; 1 female, same first label, “[4–2] Rearing from pupa of Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae) 8.05.2015”; 1 male, same first label, “[9–2]. Tussock collected 3.05.2015” (no rearing, but parasitoid was discovered after puparium opening); 1 male, same first label, “[7–3]. Tussock collected 3.05.2015.” (no rearing, but parasitoid was discovered after puparium opening); 1 female, 1 male, same first label, “parasitoid was discovered after puparium opening found in sedge culm, collected 13.09.2015, T. Kostromina”.</p><p>Host. Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 ( Diptera: Agromyzidae) (first record). Distribution. Austria, Finland, Germany, Poland, Russia (Urals Mts), Switzerland.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD8263FFEC3853FF701FCF6442B146	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kostromina, Tatiana S.;Timokhov, Alexander V.;Belokobylskij, Sergey A.	Kostromina, Tatiana S., Timokhov, Alexander V., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2016): Braconid wasps of subfamily Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as endoparasitoids of Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the Central Urals, Russia. Zootaxa 4200 (2): 305-319, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.2.3
03DD8263FFEA3854FF701CA762A4B1B8.text	03DD8263FFEA3854FF701CA762A4B1B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Protochorebus Perepechayenko 1997	<div><p>Protochorebus Perepechayenko, 1997</p><p>Perepechayenko, 1997: 94; Tobias, 1998: 411; Yu et al., 2012.</p><p>Type species: Protochorebus kasparyani Perepechayenko, 1997 .</p><p>This previously monotypic genus with type species P. kasparyani Perepechayenko, 1997, has been recorded from the south-east of Ukraine (Donetsk and Lugansk Provinces) (Perepechaenko, 1997, 2000), Eastern Siberia of Russia (Zabaykal’sk Territory) (Perepechaenko, 1997; Tobias, 1998) and Mongolia (Papp, 2004). A second species of this genus from the Central Urals is described here. The agromyzid fly Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 is a host record for this genus for the first time.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD8263FFEA3854FF701CA762A4B1B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kostromina, Tatiana S.;Timokhov, Alexander V.;Belokobylskij, Sergey A.	Kostromina, Tatiana S., Timokhov, Alexander V., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2016): Braconid wasps of subfamily Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as endoparasitoids of Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the Central Urals, Russia. Zootaxa 4200 (2): 305-319, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.2.3
03DD8263FFEA3859FF701E1B65B4B3B8.text	03DD8263FFEA3859FF701E1B65B4B3B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Protochorebus pervushini	<div><p>Protochorebus pervushini sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 10–23)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: female, Middle Urals, Ekaterinburg City outskirts, Verkh-Isetsk pond, Baran Island, sweeping on sedge, 25.V.2015, T. Kostromina coll. (ZISP).</p><p>Paratypes. 1 female, 5 males, same label as holotype (ZISP, TK); 1 male, same locality, 14.V.2009 (ZISP); 1 female, 13 males, same locality, 19.V.2009 (ZISP, TK); 1 female, 4 males, same locality, 10–15.V.2011 (ZISP, TK); 1 male, same locality, reared from sedge tussock infested by Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae), 7.V.2013 (ZISP) ; 2 females (one damaged), same locality, from sedge tussock infested by Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae), collected 30.IV.2014, reared 12.V.2014 (ZISP) ; 1 male, same locality, from sedge tussock infested by Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae), collected 1.V.2014, reared 11.V.2014 (ZISP) ; 1 male, same locality, “[9– 8] Reared from pupa of Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae) 12.05.2015, sedge tussock collected 3.V.2015 ” (TK).</p><p>Description. Female (Fig. 10). Body length 3.3–4.7 mm; fore wing length 3. 0–3.6 mm.</p><p>Head (Fig. 12) behind eyes (dorsal view) evenly and more or less distinctly widened anteriorly, roundly narrowed posteriorly, 1.7–1.8 × as wide as median length, about 1.5 × as wide as maximum length, 1.40–1.45 × as wide as mesoscutum. Occiput medially distinctly concave. Frons with shallow and rather wide median longitudinal furrow in posterior half. Temple 1.1 × as long as transverse diameter of eye (1.3 × if measured in a straight line). Ocelli arranged in almost equilateral triangle. POL 1.5–1.6 × OD, 0.3–0.4 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, 1.2–1.3 × as high as broad. Face (Fig. 11) width equal to height of eye, 1.5–1.7 × median height of face. Width of clypeus 2.5 × its median height. Mandible (Fig. 14) weakly widened towards subapex, its median length 1.5–1.7 × maximum subapical width; with five teeth, formula of its teeth 1b+2b+3 (three main teeth and two, lower first and lower second, additional teeth). Upper tooth rather short, wide, weakly outstanding, subrectangular, apically with distinct median excavation dividing apex into two obtuse teeth. Median tooth long, rather narrow, almost straight, (sub)pointed apically, slightly direct outward, submedially with small obtuse additional ventral tooth. Excision between upper and median teeth not deep and narrow. Lower tooth short, rather wide, slightly direct outward, subpointed.</p><p>Antenna (Figs 15, 16) rather thick but narrowed apically, weakly fusiform in basal one-third and here with transverse segments, with subsquare or weakly elongate segments in apical half, 42-segmented, about 0.9 × as long as body. Scape 1.6–1.8 × longer than its maximum width. First flagellar segment 2.0–2.3 × longer than its apical width, 1.3–1.4 × longer than second segment. Transverse flagellar segments situated in basal third (dorsal view) 1.3–1.4 × wider medially that their length. Penultimate segment 1.3–1.4 × longer than wide, 0.4 × as long as first flagellar segment, 0.7 × as long as apical segment. Last (apical) segment more or less pointed apically but without spine.</p><p>Mesosoma (Figs 17, 18) 1.5–1.6 × longer than height. Pronotum with deep pronope. Mesonotum with distinct median longitudinal and weakly crenulate depression in posterior half, 0.85–0.90 × as long as maximum width. Notauli deep and crenulate in anterior 0.3–0.4, shallow submedially, absent in posterior half. Prescutellar depression deep, coarsely crenulate (with five to six carinae), 0.3–0.4 × as long as the convex scutellum. Metanotum with distinct median longitudinal carina (dorsal view) transformed posteriorly in short, wide and obtuse tooth (lateral view). Precoxal sulcus (sternaulus) (Fig. 18) wide, deep, sinuate, strongly rugose-crenulate, reaching anterior and posterior margins of mesopleuron. Subalar depression rather shallow, wide, coarsely striate. Metapleural flange wide, short and obtuse. Propodeal spiracles very small and subround.</p><p>Wings (Fig. 21). Fore wing 2.5–2.7 × longer than wide. Pterostigma short and wide, 3.5–4.0 × longer than its maximum width. Radial (marginal) cell distinctly shortened, finishing far from apex of wing. Metacarp (1-R1) 0.85–0.90 × as long as pterostigma, 1.9–2.0 × longer than distance from apex of radial (marginal) cell to apex of wing. Radial (r) vein arising somewhat before or nearly middle of pterostigma; inner anterior margin of pterostigma 0.9 × as long as its inner posterior margin. Second radial abscissa (SR1+3-SR) evenly curved, almost straight in posterior third. First radial abscissa (r) 0.2 × as long as second abscissa (SR1+3-SR) (if measured on straight line). Recurrent (m-cu) vein strongly antefurcal. First abscissa of longitudinal anal vein (1-1A) weakly evenly curved submedially. Distance between basal vein (1-M) and nervulus (cu-a) 0.6 × nervulus (cu-a) length. Brachial (first subdiscal) cell weakly widened to apex, widely open apically. Parallel vein (CU1a) arising behind middle of apical margin of brachial (first subdiscal) cell. Hind wing 3.8–4.0 × longer than its maximum width. First costal abscissa (C+SC+R) 0.8–0.9 × as long as second abscissa (1-SC+R). First abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) 3.0–3.7 × longer than second abscissa (1-M).</p><p>Legs. Hind femur (Fig. 19) 3.8–4.4 × longer than its maximum width. Hind tarsus 0.85–0.90 × as long as hind tibia. Hind basitarsus 0.55–0.60 × as long as second-fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.6 × as long as hind basitarsus, 1.3–1.4 × longer than hind fifth segment (without pretarsus).</p><p>Metasoma (Figs 22, 23) more or less elongated, weakly depressed, 2.6–2.8 × longer than its maximum width, 0.9–1.0 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First tergite distinctly widened from base to spiracles, then almost parallel-sided, with wide dorsope, with distinct dorsal carinae fused basally and medially following till apex of tergite as single carina. Length of first tergite 1.3–1.5 × its apical width; apical width 1.6–1.9 × its basal width. Second tergite medially 0.5 × as long as basal width, 0.8–0.9 × as long as third tergite. Median length of second and third tergites 1.0–1.4 × its basal width, 0.7–1.0 × its apical width. Second suture very weak. Second-sixth tergites without separated laterotergites. Ovipositor sheath (Fig. 20) very short, usually not or sometimes weakly protruding behind tip of metasoma, about as long as third segment of hind tarsus.</p><p>Sculpture and pubescence. Head mainly smooth, face finely punctate, clypeus almost smooth. Mesoscutum mainly smooth, finely rugulose-punctate anteriorly, sometimes partly with very fine granulation. Scutellum entirely smooth. Mesopleuron mainly smooth. Propodeum coarsely and densely rugose-reticulate with additional dense and fine granulation, with high median longitudinal carina. First tergite entirely densely rugose-reticulate with additional fine granulation. Remaining tergites smooth. Vertex entirely and mesoscutum almost entirely covered by dense pale short setae. Propodeum, metapleuron and first metasomal tergites almost entirely covered by long and rather dense pale setae. Hind coxa dorsally in long and rather dense pale setae not forming bunch. Third to sixth tergites with two-three lines of transverse pale setae in their posterior thirds. Sheath of ovipositor with cluster оf dense setae apically.</p><p>Colour. Body mainly black, metasoma partly with reddish tint, its sternites reddish brown on wide areas. Mandible reddish brown to dark reddish brown, almost black basally. Palpi reddish yellow, darker basally. Antenna mainly black, two basal segments reddish brown to dark reddish brown. Tegula almost black. Fore leg light reddish brown, fore coxa and trochanter brown to black; middle coxa, trochanter, trochantellus and basal half of femur dark brown to black, apical half of femur, tibia and tarsus (except dark apical segment) light reddish yellow with infuscation; hind coxa, trochanter and femur black, trochantellus and tibia mainly light reddish brown or reddish brown, apex of hind tibia and tarsus dark reddish brown. Fore wing faintly infuscate; veins brown to dark brown, but basally mainly brownish yellow or yellow. Pterostigma entirely dark brown.</p><p>Male. Body length 3.7–5.1 mm; fore wing length 3.4–4.1 mm. Temple (Fig. 13) 1.2–1.3 × longer than transverse diameter of eye (1.4–1.7 × if measured on straight line). Antennae thickened, weakly setiform, 45–52- segmented, 1.0–1.1 × as long as body. Submedian antennal segments about as long as their maximum width. Mesoscutum sometimes with longitudinal striation in submedian area. Pterostigma 4.2–5.3 × longer than its maximum width. First radial abscissa 0.8–1.0 × as long as first radiomedial vein. Hind femur 4.0–4.3 × longer than its maximum width. Metasoma narrow, sometimes second and third tergites brownish. First tergite often weakly narrowed from spiracular tubercles towards apex or subparallel, its apical width 0.85–1.2 × width at level of spiracles, 1.4–1.8 × minimum width; length 1.5–1.6 × its apical width. Otherwise similar to female.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named in honour of Artem A. Pervushin (Yekaterinburg), who prematurely passed away, and who helped very much during Braconidae study of the first author.</p><p>Host. Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 ( Diptera: Agromyzidae).</p><p>Distribution. Russia (Middle Urals).</p><p>Comparative diagnosis. The differences between new species P. pervushini sp. nov. and type species of this genus, P. kasparyani Perepechaenko (Figs 24–34), are shown in the key below:</p><p>1. Upper (first) tooth of mandible compound, with additional distinct tubercle below (Fig. 14). Mesoscutum of female partly finely punctate, its median posterior furrow rather long (Fig. 17). Dorsal tooth of metanotum (lateral view) short (Fig. 18). Recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing less strongly antefurcal, about 2.0 × longer than second abscissa of medial vein (2-SR+M) (Fig. 21). Second radial abscissa (SR1+3-SR) of fore wing not sinuate in apical half (Fig. 21). Hind femur black (Fig. 19). Body length 3.3–5.1 mm .................................................... P. pervushini sp. nov. (Figs 10–23) Upper (first) tooth of mandible simple, without additional tubercles (Fig. 24). Mesoscutum of female mainly distinctly punctate, its median posterior furrow rather short (Fig. 32). Dorsal tooth of metanotum (lateral view) long (Fig. 31). Recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing strongly antefurcal, 1.3–1.5 × longer than second abscissa of medial vein (2-SR+M) (Fig. 30). Second radial abscissa (SR1+3-SR) of fore wing more or less distinctly sinuate in apical half (Fig. 30). Hind femur light reddish brown (Fig. 25). Body length 4.2–4.4 mm ................................. P. kasparyani Perepechaenko, 1997 (Figs 24–34)</p><p>Based on the shape and structure of mandibles, P. pervushini sp. nov. resembles Chorebus (Pentalexis) mysteriosus Perepechaenko, 2004, described from two males from Zabaykal'skiy Territory of Russia and separated in the new subgenus mainly on the basis of mandible structure (Perepechaenko, 2004). The differences between these species are shown in the following key:</p><p>1. Eyes less strongly convergent below and without setae (Fig. 11). Face distinctly transverse (Fig. 11). Antennal segments in basal third distinctly widened, transverse (Fig. 15). Mesosoma 1.6 × longer than high (Fig. 18). Dorsal tooth of metanotum (lateral view) short (Fig. 18). Metapleuron without oval sculptured area. Hind coxa dorsally without tuft of setae. Radial vein (r) of fore wing arising almost from middle of pterostigma (Fig. 21)............................ P. pervushini sp. nov.</p><p>- Eyes strongly convergent below, with short and sparse setae. Face subsquare. Antennal segments in basal third distinctly narrow, elongate. Mesosoma about twice longer than high. Dorsal tooth of metanotum (lateral view) long. Metapleuron with large oval sculptured area. Hind coxa dorsally with more or less distinct tuft of setae. Radial vein (r) of fore wing arising distinctly before middle of pterostigma............................... Chorebus (Pentalexis) mysteriosus Perepechaenko, 2004</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD8263FFEA3859FF701E1B65B4B3B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kostromina, Tatiana S.;Timokhov, Alexander V.;Belokobylskij, Sergey A.	Kostromina, Tatiana S., Timokhov, Alexander V., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2016): Braconid wasps of subfamily Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as endoparasitoids of Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the Central Urals, Russia. Zootaxa 4200 (2): 305-319, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.2.3
03DD8263FFE73859FF70193360F9B6CC.text	03DD8263FFE73859FF70193360F9B6CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Selachops Wahlberg 1844	<div><p>Selachops Wahlberg, 1844</p><p>Selachops Wahlberg, 1844: 67; Hendel, 1920: 115; 1936: 514; Spencer, 1969: 12; 1976: 146; Zlobin, 1983: 46. Encoelocera Loew, 1844: 321 .</p><p>Type species: Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844, by monotypy.</p><p>This is rare Palaearctic genus of agromyzid subfamily Phytomyzinae type species of which, S. flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844, was recorded in several European countries (Zlobin 1983). Two additional species, S. relicta Zlobin, 1983 and S. intiba Zlobin, 1983, were described from the Russian Far East. Sedge species, Carex acuta Linnaeus, 1753 (= C. gracilis Curtis, 1782), was recorded as host plant for this Agromyzidae genus in an unpublished dissertation by Dempewolf (2001). This host plant by S. flavocinctus is here published for the first time.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD8263FFE73859FF70193360F9B6CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kostromina, Tatiana S.;Timokhov, Alexander V.;Belokobylskij, Sergey A.	Kostromina, Tatiana S., Timokhov, Alexander V., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2016): Braconid wasps of subfamily Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as endoparasitoids of Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the Central Urals, Russia. Zootaxa 4200 (2): 305-319, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.2.3
03DD8263FFE7385CFF701ADA626BB266.text	03DD8263FFE7385CFF701ADA626BB266.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg 1844	<div><p>Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844</p><p>(Figs 35–44)</p><p>Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844: 68; Zetterstedt, 1848: 2792; 1860: 6463; Hendel, 1920: 115; 1936: 514; Frick, 1952: 386; Spencer, 1969: 12; 1976: 146; Zlobin, 1983: 49.</p><p>Encoelocera bicolor Loew, 1844: 321 .</p><p>Material examined (deposited in ZISP). Estonia: 1 male, Tartu, “21/5 [18]83.”, “ Dorpat ”, “sec. typ. Loewii ”, “849”, “ bicolor Lw / flavocincta Whlb ” ; 2 males, Tartu County, Kabina, 3.VI.1973 (Elberg). Finland : 1 female, Uusimaa, Nurmijärvi, 7.VI.1989 (M. Koponen). Moldova : 1 male, “ Purcary [= Purcari], Akkerman. u. Bessarab. Tchernavin 14 IV 911”. Russia : 2 females, Leningradskaya Province, Luga District, Yashchera, 13.VI.1957 (A. Stackelberg) ; 2 females, 1 male, same locality, 21.VI.1960, 13.VI.1964 and 26.VI.1966 (A. Stackelberg); 1 male, Leningradskaya Province, Tosno District, Ulianovka (= Sablino), 3.VI.1921 (V. Fridolin) ; 1 female, Sverdlovskaya Province, Yekaterinburg City, Verkh-Isetsk pond, Baran Island, 11.V.2008 (T. Kostromina) ; 1 female, 1 male, same locality, sweeping, 7.V.2013, (T. Kostromina); 1 male, Sverdlovskaya Province, Yekaterinburg City, Verkh-Isetsk pond, Baran Island, emerged 10.V.2015 ex puparium [7–1] collected 5.V.2015 ; 1 male, same locality, emerged 12.V.2015 ex puparium [9–5] collected 7.V.2015; 1 female, same locality, emerged 12.V.2015 ex puparium [11–2] collected 8.V.2015 (T. Kostromina, A. Timokhov); 2 females, 1 male, same locality, sweeping, 11.V.2008 and 7.V.2013 (T. Kostromina); 1 male, Primorskiy Territory, Khasan, 26.V.1979 (A. Zinoviev).</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 45). Austria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy (Fauna Europea, 2016), Moldova (new record), Russia (Leningradskaya (Zlobin, 1983) and Sverdlovskaya Provinces, Primorskiy Territory (new records)), Sweden, Switzerland (Kahanpää, 2014, Fauna Europea, 2016), Ukraine (Korneyev, 2002).</p><p>Host plant. Carex acuta Linnaeus, 1753 ( Poales: Cyperaceae).</p><p>Remarks. There is very little information on the immature stages of the genus Selachops . Dempewolf (2001) gave the description of the S. flavocinctus puparium in an unpublished PhD dissertation. Herein a redescription of the puparium providing additional characteristics and new data on life history of S. flavocinctus are published for the first time.</p><p>Description. Puparium (Fig. 37, 40–44). Length 5.4–6.1 mm, width 2.2–2.3 mm. Black, mat. Integument corrugated with conspicuous intersegmental constrictions. Cephalic end (segments I–III) (Figs 42, 43) dorsoventrally flattened, tapering gradually to anterior end (lateral view), with lateral flanges. Caudal end (Fig. 44) slightly broadened, almost evenly rounded, twelfth segment with small depression mediodorsally. Anterior and posterior spiracles rather similar, with numerous distinct papillae. Anterior spiracles retained as conspicuous projections at anterolateral margin of dorsal cephalic cap. Distance between anterior spiracles 2.4–2.8 × their diameters. Posterior spiracles slightly projected dorsolaterally, distance between posterior spiracles 1.2–1.5 × their diameters. Anal plate almost round; anal opening conspicuous, slit-shaped, surrounded with numerous minute spines.</p><p>Cephalopharyngeal skeleton (extracted from puparium). Length 0.65 mm. Paired mouthhooks (mandibular sclerites) notably separate from each other, stout, about 1.5 × as high as maximum length. Each mouthhook bifurcated anteriorly in its upper third into two teeth which are notably downturned, lower teeth slightly smaller, laterad to upper teeth. Mouthhooks joined ventrally by two sclerites forming V-like structure, and articulated posteriorly with front of hypostomal sclerite. Hypostomal sclerite elongate, 3.0 × longer than height, 1.9 × longer than its maximum width, distinctly narrowed medially (dorsal view). Pharyngeal sclerite appearing continuous with hypostomal sclerite, enlarged, with two dorsal and two ventral cornua. Dorsal cornu wide, elongate, almost twice as long as ventral cornu, its apical part sharply tapering, with elongate slit-like open fenestra. Ventral cornu distinctly widened, with closed fenestra.</p><p>Life history. Late instar larvae feed as stem miners in culms of Carex acuta . Most of the burrows produced in the culm lie below the level of the soil surface. The burrow always extends as far downward as the culm base. Pupation is within a culm (no puparia were found outside sedge culms) on height 1.5–4.0 cm above the culm base; pupa vertical, always orientating head up (Fig. 37). Flies overwinter in pupal stage. In the Central Urals, adults begin to emerge about middle of May.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD8263FFE7385CFF701ADA626BB266	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kostromina, Tatiana S.;Timokhov, Alexander V.;Belokobylskij, Sergey A.	Kostromina, Tatiana S., Timokhov, Alexander V., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2016): Braconid wasps of subfamily Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as endoparasitoids of Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the Central Urals, Russia. Zootaxa 4200 (2): 305-319, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.2.3
