identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DD0635D63EFFF9FF0FF97EFCEBFE9B.text	03DD0635D63EFFF9FF0FF97EFCEBFE9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards 1833	<div><p>Genus Diopatra Audouin &amp; Milne Edwards, 1833</p><p>Diopatra Audouin &amp; Milne Edwards, 1833: 229 .—Paxton 1986: 38. Epidiopatra Augener, 1918: 355 .— Budaeva &amp; Fauchald 2011: 335.</p><p>Type-species. Diopatra amboinensis Audouin &amp; Milne Edwards, 1833: 229, by subsequent designation of Malmgren 1866:180. Gender: feminine.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly rounded to slightly extended, with subulate frontal lips. Antennae and palps with ceratophores with five to 20 rings (sometimes with lateral projections) and moderately long to long styles. Nuchal grooves crescentic to almost circular; peristomial cirri usually present, rarely absent. Anterior three to five (rarely seven) pairs of parapodia modified, slightly enlarged, rarely with double postchaetal lobes. Small ventral parapodial lobes on chaetigers 5–25 in some species; ventral cirri on anterior four to six chaetigers, dorsal cirri long to very long. Branchiae from chaetiger 4–5, filaments arranged spirally around stem. Hooks of modified parapodia simple to pseudocompound with uni- to tridentate tips and short to pointed hoods. Dorsal limbate chaetae from chaetiger 1, ventral limbate chaetae replacing falcigers from chaetiger 4 or later until replaced by bidentate hooded subacicular hooks usually from chaetiger 15–20. Tubes robust, consisting of inner secreted layer and outer layer of sand and mud, typically with boken shells or vegetational matter attached at right angle.</p><p>Remarks. The absence of peristomial cirri was the only character separating Epidiopatra from Diopatra . Budaeva &amp; Fauchald (2011) studied the inter-relationships of the Diopatra complex, identified Epidiopatra as a polyphyletic taxon and attributed the lack of peristomial cirri in Epidiopatra to paedomorphic evolutionary events, concluding that Epidiopatra is a junior synonym of Diopatra .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D63EFFF9FF0FF97EFCEBFE9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D63CFFFFFF0FFEF3FC1DFB42.text	03DD0635D63CFFFFFF0FFEF3FC1DFB42.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra budaevae Paxton & Arias 2017	<div><p>Diopatra budaevae sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 2 A,B, 3; Table 1</p><p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype: (MNCN 16.01 /17809), La Laja beach, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.416667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.416667/lat 28.05)">Gran Canaria</a>, Canary Islands, 28°03’N – 15°25’W, intertidal, coll. A. Arias, 12 Aug 2012.</p><p>Type locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.416667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.416667/lat 28.05)">Eastern North Atlantic</a>, Canary Islands, Gran Canaria, La Laja beach, 28°03’N – 15°25’W, intertidal.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two subovate frontal lips; antennae to chaetiger 9–11; with six to seven ceratophoral rings, lateral projections absent; nuchal grooves crescentic; peristomial cirri absent. Anterior four pairs of parapodia with bidentate pseudocompound hooks with falcate hoods; single postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes absent, ventral cirri on four chaetigers. Subacicular hooks from chaetiger 10; pectinate chaetae with 9–15 teeth; spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 4, last on chaetiger 16.</p><p>Description. Incomplete holotype 7 mm long for 38 chaetigers, 0.7 mm wide. Ethanol stored specimen overall whitish with dorsal colour pattern consisting of brown prostomium, lateral brown spots and intersegmental lines on anterior chaetigers (Figs 2 A, 3A).</p><p>Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two subovate frontal lips separated by a small gap (Fig. 3 A). Ventral upper lips oval with papilla-like median section between lips; lower lip without median section. Palps reaching to chaetiger 2, lateral antennae to chaetiger 11, median antenna to chaetiger 9; ceratophores with five to six proximal and a long distal ring, equal to about three proximal rings. Ceratostyles with irregularly distributed slightly raised circular sensory buds, styles tapering to distal ends. Nuchal grooves crescentic. Peristomium slightly shorter than chaetiger 1; peristomial cirri absent (Fig. 3 A).</p><p>First four pairs of parapodia modified, slightly prolonged and directed anteroventrally with rounded prechaetal lobe and subdigitate postchaetal lobe (Fig. 3 B, C). Thereafter prechaetal lobe becoming reduced, absent from about chaetiger 8–9. Postchaetal lobe becoming smaller but remaining as small knob. Dorsal cirri subdigitate, longest in branchial region, thereafter becoming gradually shorter and slenderer; ventral cirri subulate on anterior four chaetigers with last being slightly shorter, then replaced by ventral glandular pads. Ventral lobe absent. Spiralled branchiae from chaetiger 4, first two pairs best developed with three to four whorls of filaments, reaching to chaetiger 1–2 when extended anteriorly. Thereafter length of branchiae and number of filaments decreasing rapidly, filaments single from chaetiger 13, absent from 16.</p><p>Modified parapodia (chaetigers 1–4) with one to two slender upper simple limbate chaetae and three to four pseudocompound bidentate hooks with short falcate hoods. Shafts appearing smooth when viewed with light microscopy; median hook more robust and with shorter appendage (Fig. 3 D) than remaining ones (Fig. 3 E).</p><p>Unmodified parapodia (chaetiger 5 onwards) with pectinate and limbate chaetae. Pectinate chaetae with slightly oblique comb with 9–15 teeth (Fig. 3 F), two to three pectinate chaetae per parapodium in median body region. Limbate chaetae finely serrated in median region, replaced by bidentate hooded subacicular hooks from chaetiger 10.</p><p>Mandibles (Fig. 3 G) lightly sclerotized, with wide but short cutting plates; maxillary apparatus (Fig. 3 H) with proximally enlarged carrier; maxillary formula: MxI = 1+1; MxII = 7+8; MxIII = 7+0; MxIV?+10; MxV = 1+1. Tube thin and fragile, composed of mucous secretions with some vegetal material attached crosswise (Fig. 2 B)</p><p>Etymology. It is a pleasure to dedicate the new species to Nataliya Budaeva, colleague and friend.</p><p>Remarks. Diopatra budaevae sp. nov. differs from other described species without peristomial cirri by the following combination of characters: in being very small, its colour pattern, lacking lateral projections on its ceratophores, having smooth and long antennae, and bidentate pseudocompound hooks with short hoods and smooth shafts (Table 1).</p><p>Distribution. The new species is only known from its type locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D63CFFFFFF0FFEF3FC1DFB42	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D63AFFFCFF0FFA9CFAE2FF28.text	03DD0635D63AFFFCFF0FFA9CFAE2FF28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra gallardoi Paxton 2016	<div><p>Diopatra gallardoi Paxton, 2016</p><p>Figures 2 C–E; Table 1</p><p>Diopatra gallardoi Paxton, 2016: 2, figs 1–4.</p><p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.611667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.006666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.611667/lat -18.006666)">Material</a> examined. Type material. Holotype: (AM W.48373), RV “ Welwitschia ” sta.13, off Namibia, 18°00.4’S – 11°36.7’E, depth 144 m, 7 Dec 1996.</p><p>Non-type material. AM W.49210 (1 specimen), MNCN 16.01 /17810 (2 specimens) Playa Quemada, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-13.738889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.904444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -13.738889/lat 28.904444)">Lanzarote</a>, Canary Islands, 28°54’16”N – 13°44’20”W, depth 1 m, Aug 2011.</p><p>Type locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.611667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.006666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.611667/lat -18.006666)">Eastern South Atlantic</a>, off Namibia, 18°00.4’S – 11°36.7’E, depth 144 m.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly extended and pointed with two subulate frontal lips. Palps reaching chaetiger 3–5; long antennae, styles gradually tapering, ending in threadlike tips, median antenna reaching chaetiger 14–18, laterals to 16–20, with 13–22 ceratophoral rings, lateral projections absent; nuchal grooves crescentic to semicircular; peristomial cirri present. Anterior four chaetigers with bidentate pseudocompound hooks with long pointed hoods; single postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes present; ventral cirri on four chaetigers. Subacicular hooks from chaetiger 17-21; pectinate chaetae with 14–19 teeth; very fine plumulose spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 4–5, last single filament on chaetiger 36–41. Colour pattern consisting of brown lines/bands on dorsal surface of anterior segments to overall brown (Figs 2 C–E); tube unknown.</p><p>Remarks. The three specimens from the Canary Islands are incomplete, measuring 16–38 mm in length for 32 to about 100 chaetigers and have a width of 2.5–3.0 mm; they are slightly smaller than the Namibian type series but agree well in all characteristics. This is the first record of D. gallardoi from the Canary Islands.</p><p>Distribution. Eastern Atlantic, Namibia, and Gran Canaria (Canary Islands); from intertidal to 144 m.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D63AFFFCFF0FFA9CFAE2FF28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D639FFF3FF0FFE92FADDF98D.text	03DD0635D639FFF3FF0FFE92FADDF98D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra hektoeni Paxton & Arias 2017	<div><p>Diopatra hektoeni sp. nov</p><p>Figures 2 F–G, 4–6; Table 1</p><p>? Epidiopatra hupferiana hupferiana .— Kirkegaard 1988: 31 (Cape Verde Islands); López &amp; San Martín 1992: 166 (Cape Verde Islands).?Not Augener, 1918.</p><p>? Epidiopatra hupferiana .— Rullier 1964: 184 (Cape Verde Islands); Núñez et al. 1999: 139 (Cape Verde Islands).?Not Augener, 1918.</p><p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-22.916666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -22.916666/lat 16.6)">Material</a> examined. Type material. Holotype: (MNCN 16.01 /17811). Ponta Preta, Sal Island, Cape Verde Islands, West Africa, 16°36’N – 22°55’W, depth 1–2 m, coll. A. Arias, 0 5 Jul 2013; paratypes (6 specimens): 3 wet specimens (MNCN 16.01 /17812; MNCN 16.01 /17813; AM W.49211); 3 on SEM stubs (MNCN 16.01 /17814; MNCN 16.01 /17815; AM W.49212), same data as holotype.</p><p>Type locality. Eastern North Atlantic, Cape Verde Islands, Sal Island, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-22.916666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -22.916666/lat 16.6)">Ponta Preta</a>, 16°36’N – 22°55’W, depth 1–2 m.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two subulate frontal lips. Palps to chaetiger 1, antennae to 3– 5; palpophores with three to four rings, antennophores with four to five rings, both with long lateral projections. Nuchal grooves crescentic; peristomial cirri absent. Anterior four to five pairs of parapodia with bidentate pseudocompound hooks with very long pointed hoods; single postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes absent, ventral cirri on four to five chaetigers. Bidentate subacicular hooks from chaetiger 10–11, becoming tridentate in median region, thereafter again bidentate; pectinate chaetae with 15–20 teeth; spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 4–5, last on chaetiger 30.</p><p>Description. Holotype almost complete, 16 mm long for 67 chaetigers, 0.8 mm wide; paratypes 13–18 mm for 62–75 chaetigers, 0.8–0.9 mm wide. Ethanol stored specimens overall whitish, with pale brown bands on peristomium and anterior dorsum (Fig. 2 F).</p><p>Prostomium (Fig. 4 A) anteriorly rounded with two subulate frontal lips separated by a small gap. Ventral upper lips oval with papilla-like median section between lips; lower lip without median section (Fig. 4 B). Palps reaching to chaetiger 1, lateral antennae to chaetiger 4–5, median antenna to chaetiger 3–4; palpophores with two to three proximal rings, antennophores with three to four proximal rings, both with a longer distal ring. Ceratophores with slender lateral projections ending in fine tips. Palpophores with two to three projections, lateral antennophores with three to four on inner side and median antennophore with three to four on inner and outer side (Fig. 4 C). Ceratostyles with irregularly distributed slightly raised circular sensory buds (Fig. 4 D). Styles tapering to distal end, with pointed tips. Nuchal grooves crescentic (Fig. 4 C). Peristomium slightly shorter than first chaetiger; peristomial cirri absent.</p><p>First four to five pairs of parapodia modified, slightly prolonged and directed anteroventrally with rounded prechaetal lobe and single subulate postchaetal lobe. Thereafter prechaetal lobe becoming reduced, absent from about chaetiger 8–10. Postchaetal lobe becoming smaller but remaining as small knob into posterior region. Dorsal cirri subulate, attaining greatest length in branchial region, thereafter gradually shortening, becoming very slender posteriorly; ventral cirri subulate on anterior four to five chaetigers, then replaced by ventral glandular pads. Ventral lobe absent. Spiralled branchiae from chaetiger 4–5, best developed on chaetigers 5–8 with up to seven whorls of filaments on thick stem (Fig. 4 E); most anterior branchiae slightly overlapping medially or extending to first chaetiger when extended forwards. Thereafter length of branchiae and number of filaments decreasing gradually, absent from chaetiger 30.</p><p>Modified parapodia (chaetigers 1–4 or 5) with one to two slender upper simple limbate chaetae and four to five pseudocompound bidentate hooks with very long pointed hoods and shafts with two rows of spines (Fig. 5 A, B); shafts of about equal thickness, with inferiormost two chaetae only slightly thinner than superior (Fig. 6 A).</p><p>Unmodified parapodia (chaetiger 5–6 onwards) with pectinate and limbate chaetae (Fig. 5 C). Pectinate chaetae slightly oblique with 15–20 teeth (Fig. 5 D–F), distal part of chaetae at times rolled and several chaetae wrapped around each other (Fig. 5 E), two to five pectinate chaetae per parapodium in median body region. Limbate chaetae becoming strongly serrated in median region (Fig. 5 C, D), replaced by hooded subacicular hooks from chaetiger 10–11; subacicular hooks initially bidentate, developing small third median tooth from chaetiger 15–16 (Fig. 6 B), best developed from chaetiger 20–40 (Fig. 6 C), then becoming smaller and disappearing to return to bidentate state (Fig. 6 D) to end of body. Pygidium with four anal cirri; larger dorsal ones about as long as pygidium, ventral ones very short.</p><p>Mandibles and maxillae not examined for fear of damaging small specimens. Tube thin, secreted inner layer covered with mud and some vegetal material attached at angle on distal part, proximal part paper-like (Fig. 2 D).</p><p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to Martin Mejdell Hektoen, with our thanks for sharing information, particularly his discovery of tridentate subacicular hooks in onuphids.</p><p>Remarks. Diopatra hektoeni sp. nov. is so far the only known species of Diopatra, having tridentate subacicular hooks in a short region of its body. It can further be distinguished from other Diopatra species lacking peristomial cirri by the following combination of characters: having branchiae for an extended region, pointed lateral extensions on its palpophores and antennophores, and bidentate pseudocompound hooks with very long hoods (Table 1).</p><p>Some specimens reported as Epidiopatra hupferiana (Rullier 1964; Núñez et al. 1999) and E. hupferiana hupferiana (Kirkegaard 1988; López &amp; San Martín1992) from Cape Verde Islands are possibly members of the new species but the brief records did not allow us to draw any firm conclusions.</p><p>Distribution. Diopatra hektoeni sp. nov. is only known from its type locality but may be more widespread.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D639FFF3FF0FFE92FADDF98D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D636FFEAFF0FF9C5FCEDFF53.text	03DD0635D636FFEAFF0FF9C5FCEDFF53.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra madeirensis Langerhans 1880	<div><p>Diopatra madeirensis Langerhans, 1880 (redescription)</p><p>Figures 7 A–D, 8, 9; Table 1</p><p>Diopatra madeirensis Langerhans, 1880: 290, pl. 15, fig 25a, b.</p><p>Material examined. Type material. Syntype: (NHMW 2296 slide preparation), Madeira, depth about 36 m, coll. P. Langerhans.</p><p>Non-type material. AM W.49213 (1 specimen), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.371666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.025833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.371666/lat 33.025833)">Ponta da Calheta</a> beach, Porto Santo Island, Madeira Islands, 33°01’33”N – 16°22’18”W, intertidal, coll. A. Arias, Jul 2010 ; AM W.49214 (1 wet specimen plus parts thereof on SEM stub), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.416667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.416667/lat 28.05)">La Laja</a> beach, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 28°03’N – 15°25’W, intertidal, coll. A. Arias, 12 Jul 2012 ; MNCN 16.01 /17816–16.01/17817 (1 wet specimen plus 1 specimen on SEM stub) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.416667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.416667/lat 28.05)">La Laja</a> beach, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 28°03’N – 15°25’W, intertidal, coll. A. Arias, 12 Jul 2012 .</p><p>Type locality. Eastern North Atlantic, Madeira, depth about 36 m.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two subulate frontal lips; antennae to chaetiger 7–10 with nine to ten ceratophoral rings, lateral projections absent; nuchal grooves crescentic to semicircular; peristomial cirri present. Anterior four to five pairs of parapodia with bidentate pseudocompound hooks with pointed hoods; single postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes absent; ventral cirri on four to five chaetigers. Subacicular hooks from chaetiger 15–17; pectinate chaetae with 25–30 teeth; spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 4–5, last single filament on chaetiger 38.</p><p>Description. Specimen from Porto Santo (AM W.49213) almost complete, measuring 38 mm in length for 82 chaetigers, 1.7 mm in width; specimens from Gran Canaria (AM W.49214 / MNCN 16.01/17816) 11 and 9 mm for 17 and 25 chaetigers, width 2.5 and 0.7 mm. Ethanol stored specimens overall cream-coloured to very pale brown with more brown pigmentation at anterior part of prostomium, ceratophores, proximal and part of ceratostyles (figs 7A–C); some specimens with lateral segmental spots near bases of parapodia, when best developed, appearing as vertical stripe next to parapodia (Fig. 7 A).</p><p>Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two subulate frontal lips separated by a small gap. Ventral upper lips oval with papilla-like median section between lips; lower lip with median section (Fig. 8 A). Ceratophores of palps and antennae with eight to nine proximal rings and a longer distal ring (Fig. 8 B), styles tapering to distal end, with fine tips. Palps reaching to chaetiger 2–4, lateral antennae to chaetiger 7–10, median antenna to chaetiger 7–9. Ceratostyles with about 20 irregular longitudinal rows of sensory buds (Fig. 8 C); buds slightly raised, circular (Fig. 8 D). Nuchal grooves crescentic to semicircular (Fig. 8 E), peristomial cirri very slender and long, 1.5–twice as long as peristomium, reaching almost to distal end of ceratophores, inserted distally on peristomium, lateral to lateral antennae.</p><p>First four to five pairs of parapodia modified, slightly prolonged and directed anteroventrally. Prechaetal lobe rounded, postchaetal lobe subulate (Fig. 9 A). Prechaetal lobe becoming reduced, absent from about chaetiger 10; postchaetal lobe becoming smaller but remaining as little knob into posterior region. Dorsal cirri subulate, very long, attaining greatest length in branchial region, reaching almost up to mid-dorsum, thereafter gradually shortening, becoming very slender posteriorly; ventral cirri subulate on anterior four to five chaetigers, thereafter replaced by ventral glandular pads (Fig. 8 A). Spiralled branchiae from chaetiger 4, best developed on chaetigers 6– 10 with about 10 whorls reaching to ceratophores when anteriorly extended. Individual filaments long and slender, about three to four times as long as branchial stem wide (Fig. 9 B), number of filaments decreasing gradually after chaetiger 10; single filaments from chaetiger 38, absent shortly thereafter.</p><p>Modified parapodia (chaetigers 1 to 4–5) with one to two slender upper simple limbate chaetae and pseudocompound bidentate hooks with pointed hoods and almost smooth shafts. Each parapodium with median robust (Fig. 9 C), two to three upper slenderer (Fig. 9 D) and two to three lower very slender hooks (Fig. 9 E).</p><p>Unmodified parapodia (chaetigers 5–6 onwards) with pectinate and limbate chaetae (Fig. 8 F). Pectinate chaetae slightly oblique; initially only one to two chaetae with 15–20 teeth each (Fig. 8 G), increasing to five to six chaetae with 25–30 teeth by chaetiger 30–40. Limbate chaetae becoming coarsely serrated by chaetiger 30–40; lower limbate chaetae replaced by bidentate subacicular hooks from chaetiger 15–17.</p><p>Mandibles (Fig. 9 F) short in relation to maxillae (Fig. 9 G); maxillary formula: MxI = 1+1; MxII = 9+10; MxIII = 8+0; MxIV = 8+10; MxV = 1+1.</p><p>Tube typical for genus, consisting of thin inner secreted layer with pieces of shell fragments and vegetation attached at angle (Fig. 7 D).</p><p>Remarks. Diopatra madeirensis was described on the basis of one incomplete specimen measuring 1 cm in length for 35 segments and six juveniles consisting of 31–35 chaetigers of which at least some were complete specimens, collected one year later. The larger specimen was described as having quite long antennae (lateral antenna to chaetiger 4), peristomial cirri, branchiae from chaetiger 4, longer than the width of the body with a delicate stem and 12–15 spirally arranged delicate, long filaments. The spiraled branchiae were present only until chaetiger 13, consisted of one filament on chaetiger 14–15, and were absent from chaetiger 16. The pseudocompound hooks were illustrated as having a relatively short appendage, being bidentate with a long distal tooth and pointed hoods (Langerhans, 1880: pl 15, fig 25), present on the first four chaetigers; subacicular hooks started from chaetiger 9. The maxillary formula was given as: MxI = 1+1; MxII = 15+12; MxIII = 17+0; MxIV = 10+12. In our experience the values for the left MxII and MxIII are atypical for the genus and can only be explained as an abnormality or an erroneous observation.</p><p>This specimen was obviously also not fully grown as demonstrated by the early origin of the subacicular hooks and the relatively short extent of the branchiae. Langerhans considered the six smaller juveniles to belong to the same species as they agreed in the form and distribution of the chaetae, except that in one specimen the pseudocompound hooks were present only on three parapodia, the first branchiae were always on chaetiger 5, developed well only on two chaetigers, absent from chaetiger 10, and peristomial cirri were absent.</p><p>We have examined photographs of the only existing type specimen (NHMW 2296). It is a slide preparation of a specimen measuring 6 mm in length, 0.5 mm in width without parapodia, consisting of at least 25 chaetigers. The first branchiae start on chaetiger 5, consist of a slender stem with long slender filaments, with the branchiae of chaetiger 6 being about half as long and the next consisting only of a few filaments. The protomandibles take up almost half the size of the mandibular shafts and the maxillae, although of the permanent type, are very weakly sclerotised. These combined features confirm that the specimen is one of the juveniles collected one year after the original specimen.</p><p>Our newly reported specimens from Porto Santo (Madeira Islands) and Gran Canaria (Canary Islands) are more mature than the originally described D. madeirensis specimens, as obvious from the better developed branchiae and later origin of subacicular hooks. Although this complicates the comparison of the two groups of specimens, their unifying characteristics are that their anterior parapodia have pseudocompound hooks with a short bidentate appendage having a long terminal tooth and pointed hoods (Fig. 9 C–E), and branchiae with a slender branchial stem and long slender filaments (Fig 9 B). We think it is justifiable that they represent the same species, D. madeirensis, the only Diopatra species (besides the indeterminable D. brevicirris) described from Madeira. Diopatra madeirensis resembles D. marocensis which most likely also occurs on Madeira. However, the two species can be easily distinguished in that the dorsal colour pattern of the former consists only of lateral brown spots (Fig. 7 A) while the latter has a complex colour pattern (Fig. 12 A). Other morphological characteristics that differentiate D. madeirensis from D. marocensis and the other Macaronesian species have been detailed in Table 1.</p><p>Biology. One of the specimens from Gran Canaria (MNCN) was found with eggs of different sizes suspended in the coelom. Whilst the smaller ones had attached strings of nurse cells, those measuring about 200 µm in diameter had lost theirs already, indicating that they had reached full size. This relatively small egg size is indicative of broadcast spawning rather than brooding, which is the strategy of D. marocensis (Arias et al. 2013) .</p><p>Characteristic D. budaevae D. gallardoi D. hektoeni D. D. mariae D. marocensis D. mellea D. micrura D. D. sp. nov. sp.nov. madeirensis sp. nov. sp. nov. neapolitana brevicirris, inđet.</p><p>. length (mm)/ N o. 7/38 95/119 18/75&gt;38/82&gt;28/86 139/214&gt;31/&gt;95 78/97 600/300&gt;50/&gt;63</p><p>chaetigers</p><p>. width (mm) at 0.7 4.5 0.9 2.5 2.5 5.7 3.5 4.5 9 3</p><p>chaetiger 10</p><p>Colour pattern brƟwn brƟwn pale brƟwn very pale very pale intriƇate pattern very pale antennae with brƟwn? prƟstƟmium, lines/banđs banđs Ɵn brƟwn with brƟwn with brƟwn with đark brƟwn miđđƟrsal lateral brƟwn Ɵn anteriƟr peristƟmum lateral brƟwn mƟttleđ mƟttleđ spiral banđs bars Ɵn spƟts anđ segments tƟ anđ anteriƟr spƟts đarker đarker anteriƟr intersegment Ɵverall brƟwn đƟrsum brƟwn; nƟ brƟwn anđ segments al lines đistinƇt weak banđs pattern</p><p>Palps reaching 2 3*5 1 2*4 3 3 4 2*4 1*3 2</p><p>chaetiger</p><p>Characteristic D. budaevae D. gallardoi D. hektoeni D. D. mariae D. marocensis D. mellea D. micrura D. D.</p><p>sp. nov. sp.nov. madeirensis sp. nov. sp. nov. neapolitana brevicirris,</p><p>inđet.</p><p>. of modified 4 4 4*5 4*5 4 4 5*6 4 3*4? parapodia</p><p>Distribution. Eastern North Atlantic, Madeira and Porto Santo Island (Madeira Islands archipelago) and La Laja beach, Gran Canaria (Canary Islands), intertidal to 36 m.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D636FFEAFF0FF9C5FCEDFF53	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D62FFFE8FF0FFEB1FB3BFDE7.text	03DD0635D62FFFE8FF0FFEB1FB3BFDE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra mariae Paxton & Arias 2017	<div><p>Diopatra mariae sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 7 E–G, 10, 11; Table 1, 2</p><p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype: (MNCN 16.01 /17818), Papagayo beach, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-13.788334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.842222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -13.788334/lat 28.842222)">Lanzarote</a>, Canary Islands, 28°50’32” N – 13°47’18” W, intertidal, coll. A. Arias, 10 Aug 2011 ; paratype (MNCN 16.01 /17819), same data as holotype.</p><p>Type locality: Eastern North Atlantic, Canary Islands, Lanzarote, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-13.788334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.842222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -13.788334/lat 28.842222)">Papagayo</a> beach, 28°50’32” N – 13°47’18” W, intertidal.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two subulate frontal lips; antennae to chaetiger 13–15 with seven to nine ceratophoral rings, lateral projections absent; nuchal grooves crescentic; peristomial cirri present. Anterior four pairs of parapodia with bidentate pseudocompound hooks with pointed hoods; with upper subulate and lower knob-like postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes absent, ventral cirri on five chaetigers. Subacicular hooks from chaetiger 17; pectinate chaetae with 18–22 teeth; spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 4, single filaments from chaetiger 50.</p><p>Description. Both types incomplete, holotype 28 mm long for 86 chaetigers, 2.5 mm wide; paratype 6 mm for 30 chaetigers, 0.9 mm wide. Ethanol stored specimen overall very pale brown with some darker pigmentation on prostomium and anterior chaetigers, no distinct colour pattern (Figs 7 E, F).</p><p>Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two subulate frontal lips separated by a small gap (Fig. 7 E). Ventral upper lips oval with papilla-like median section between lips; lower lip with median section. Palps reaching to chaetiger 3, lateral antennae to chaetiger 15, median antenna to chaetiger 13; ceratophores with six to eight proximal and a longer distal ring, styles tapering to distal end, with fine tips. Ceratostyles with about 20 irregular longitudinal rows of flat sensory buds; buds forming semicircles (Fig. 10 A) to almost full circles. Nuchal grooves very shallow crescents, hardly visible below contracted peristomium; peristomial cirri slender, twice as long as peristomium, reaching distal tip of palpophores, inserted distally on peristomium, almost lateral to lateral antennae.</p><p>First four pairs of parapodia modified, slightly prolonged and directed anteroventrally (Fig. 7 F). Prechaetal lobe rounded; large subulate upper and short, knob-like lower postchaetal lobes, lower postchaetal lobes equal in length to prechaetal lobe (Figs 10 B, C, 11A). Prechaetal lobe becoming reduced, absent from chaetiger 8–9. Upper postchaetal lobe becoming smaller but remaining as little knob into posterior region; lower postchaetal knob absent from chaetiger 6. Dorsal cirri subulate, very long, attaining greatest length from chaetiger 5–10, almost half as long as branchial trunk (Fig. 7 F), thereafter gradually shortening, becoming very slender posteriorly; ventral cirri subulate on anterior five chaetigers, with last being much shorter than preceding ones, thereafter replaced by ventral glandular pads. Ventral lobe absent. Spiralled branchiae (Fig. 7 E, F) from chaetiger 4, best developed on chaetigers 5–10 with about 12 whorls of short, thin filaments on thin branchial trunk, with length of trunk almost equalling body width. Thereafter length of branchiae and number of filaments decreasing gradually (Fig. 10 D, E), single filament from chaetiger 50, absent shortly thereafter.</p><p>Modified parapodia (chaetigers 1–4) with one to two slender upper simple limbate chaetae and pseudocompound bidentate hooks with pointed hoods and shafts with two rows of tiny spines (Fig. 11 A). Each parapodium with one median thicker hook (Fig. 11 B) and two to three more slender ones (Fig. 11 C) from main pocket, and one to two very slender hooks Fig. 11 D) from lower position.</p><p>Unmodified parapodia (chaetigers 5 onwards) with pectinate and limbate chaetae. Pectinate chaetae slightly oblique with 18–22 teeth (Figs 10 F, 11E), about 10 in median body region. Limbate chaetae becoming coarsely serrated by chaetiger 30–40; lower limbate chaetae replaced by bidentate subacicular hooks from chaetiger 17 (Fig. 11 F).</p><p>Mandibles and maxillae completely withdrawn in holotype; maxillary formula of paratype (Fig. 7 G): MI = 1+1; MII = 7+6; MIII = 6+0; MIV = 14+11; MV = 1+1. Tube typical of genus with inner secreted layer and outer layer of foreign particles consisting mainly of algae and vegetal material.</p><p>Etymology. It gives us great pleasure to name the new species in honour of Mrs. María Jesús Rodríguez.</p><p>Remarks. Postchaetal lobes are well developed in the anterior parapodia of onuphids and occur in most cases singly in a median to dorsal or upper position. However, in some species of Diopatra a ventral knob may extend from the lower part of the postchaetal lobe to the prechaetal lobe, forming a ventral protrusion (or short lower postchaetal lobe) as in D. mariae sp. nov. (Fig. 11 A) or when longer and subulate, form a lower postchaetal lobe that is only slightly shorter than the upper postchaetal lobe (see D. mellea sp. nov. described below (Fig. 15 B); for detailed discussion see Paxton (1998). Diopatra mariae sp. nov. and D. mellea sp. nov. bring the number of Diopatra species with double postchaetal lobes to eight (Table 2). In four of these ( D. biscayensis, D. dexiognatha, D. kristiani and D. sugokai) the upper and lower postchaetal lobes are both subulate, while in D. chiliensis, D. gesae and the two new species the lower postchaetal lobes range from knob-like to subulate. The former two species can easily be distinguished from the latter two by their unique features: D. chiliensis has extremely oblique pectinate chaetae and D. gesae has mandibles with a ventral bulge. Furthermore, the anterior hooks are uni- to bi- and even tridentate while those of the two new species are bidentate only; other differences are detailed in Table 2. The two new species from the Canaries can be distinguished from each other in that in D. mariae sp. nov. all lower postchaetal lobes are knob-like, ceratophoral rings number 7–9, pectinate chaetae have 18–22 teeth and limbate chaetae are coarsely serrated, while D. mellea sp. nov. has knob-like and subulate lower postchaetal lobes, 12–13 ceratophoral rings, 4–11 teeth on pectinate chaetae and finely serrated limbate chaetae.</p><p>Distribution. Diopatra mariae sp. nov. is only known from Lanzarote, Canary Islands.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D62FFFE8FF0FFEB1FB3BFDE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D62DFFE9FF0FF9C2FE3AFD6F.text	03DD0635D62DFFE9FF0FF9C2FE3AFD6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra marocensis Paxton, Fadlaoui & Lechapt 1995	<div><p>Diopatra marocensis Paxton, Fadlaoui &amp; Lechapt, 1995</p><p>Figure 12; Table 1</p><p>Diopatra marocensis Paxton et al., 1995: 950, figs 1–2.— Rodrigues et al. 2009:609 –617. (Portugal).— Arias et al. 2010: 67 –68 (Spain).— Arias et al. 2013: 1533 –1542 (Spain).</p><p>Diopatra cuprea .—? Monro 1924:193 –199, figs 1–3 (Madeira). Not Bosc, 1802.</p><p>Material examined. Type material. Paratypes (10 specimens): (AM W.22182) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-9.516666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.916666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -9.516666/lat 30.916666)">Sidi Boulbra</a>, Morocco, 30°55’N – 09°31’W, depth 25 m, 1990.</p><p>Non-type material. MNCN 16.01 /17820 (2 specimens), La Laja beach, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.416667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.416667/lat 28.05)">Gran Canaria</a>, Canary Islands, 28°03’N – 15°25’W, intertidal, coll. A. Arias, 12 Jul 2012.</p><p>Type locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.416667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.416667/lat 28.05)">Eastern North Atlantic</a>, Morocco, off Sidi Boulbra, 28°03’N – 15°25’W, depth 25 m.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two subulate frontal lips. Palps reaching chaetiger 3, antennae to chaetiger 10–12, ceratophores with six to nine rings, lateral processes absent; nuchal grooves crescentic; peristomial cirri present. Anterior four chaetigers with bidentate pseudocompound hooks with pointed hoods; single postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes absent; ventral cirri on four to five chaetigers. Subacicular hooks from chaetiger 13–15; pectinate chaetae with 11–20 teeth; spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 4–5, last on chaetiger 30–40. Colour pattern usually present (Fig. 12 A), formed by brown pigmentation and irregular white dots; prostomium and styles of antennae and palps with irregular specks, ceratophores with pigmented rings; peristomium and anterior chaetigers with diffuse pigmentation covering most of segment, but leaving oval middorsal patch and two smaller lateral patches free, lateral patches becoming intersegmental by chaetiger 10; lateral intersegmental patches at base of parapodia; pattern fading from chaetiger 15-20. Tube typical of genus with inner secreted layer and outer layer of foreign particles consisting mainly of algae and vegetal material (Fig. 12 B), and protruding 3-4 cm above sediment (tube-cap) (Fig. 12 A, B).</p><p>Remarks. Monro (1924) reported juvenile and post-larval specimens in a muddy tube that were collected from Madeira as D. cuprea . In view of the fact that D. marocensis is the only known tube brooder of the genus in the area, we consider it most likely that the specimens belonged to this species.</p><p>Distribution. Eastern North Atlantic, from the Bay of Biscay to the Canary Islands and the Levantine basin of the Mediterranean Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D62DFFE9FF0FF9C2FE3AFD6F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D62CFFEDFF0FF9A0FB1DFC22.text	03DD0635D62CFFEDFF0FF9A0FB1DFC22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra mellea Paxton & Arias 2017	<div><p>Diopatra mellea sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 13–15; Table 1, 2</p><p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype: MNCN 16.01 /17821, La Laja beach, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.416667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.416667/lat 28.05)">Gran Canaria</a>, Canary Islands, 28°03’N – 15°25’W, intertidal, coll. A. Arias, 12 Aug 2012; paratype: AM W.49216 same data as holotype.</p><p>Type locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.416667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.416667/lat 28.05)">Eastern North Atlantic</a>, Canary Islands, Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, La Laja beach, 28°03’N – 15°25’W, intertidal.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two subulate frontal lips; antennae to chaetiger 6–11 with 12– 13 ceratophoral rings, lateral projections absent; nuchal grooves crescentic to semicircular; peristomial cirri present. Anterior five to six pairs of parapodia with bidentate pseudocompound hooks with falcate hoods; double postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes absent, ventral cirri on five chaetigers. Subacicular hooks from chaetiger 19–20; pectinate chaetae with 4–11 teeth; spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 5, last single filament on chaetiger 70.</p><p>Description. Both types incomplete, holotype 31 mm long for 95 chaetigers, 2.0 mm wide; paratype 28 mm for 70 chaetigers, 3.5 mm wide. Ethanol stored specimens overall very pale brown with some mottled darker brown pigmentation at anterior part of prostomium, ceratostyles, peristomial cirri, first pairs of parapodia, their lobes and cirri; also brown ceratophoral rings and a brown band on anterior edge of first ten segments (Fig. 13 A–C).</p><p>Prostomium anteriorly rounded with two closely spaced subulate frontal lips. Ventral upper lips oval with papilla-like median section between lips; lower lip with median section (Fig. 13 B). Palps reaching to chaetiger 4, lateral antennae to chaetiger 7–8 (11), median antenna to chaetiger 6 (10); ceratophores with 12 (11–12) proximal rings and a longer distal ring, ceratostyles tapering to distal end, with fine tips. Styles with about 20–22 irregular longitudinal rows of sensory buds (Fig. 14 A); buds slightly raised, forming semi- to almost full circles (Fig. 14 B, C). Nuchal grooves crescentic to semicircular. Peristomial cirri subulate, slightly longer than peristomium, inserted distally on peristomium, below lateral antennae (Fig. 13 A).</p><p>First six (five) pairs of parapodia modified, slightly prolonged and directed anteroventrally. Prechaetal lobe rounded; large subulate upper and shorter lower postchaetal lobes. Development of lower lobes variable, ranging from knob-like (Figs 14 D, 15A) to subulate (Fig. 15 B), even on parapodia of same chaetiger. Prechaetal lobe becoming reduced, absent from about chaetiger 20. Upper postchaetal lobe becoming smaller but remaining as little knob into posterior region; lower postchaetal lobe absent from chaetiger 6(5). Dorsal cirri subulate, becoming very slender posteriorly; ventral cirri subulate on anterior five chaetigers, thereafter replaced by ventral glandular pads (Fig. 13 B). Ventral lobe absent. Spiralled branchiae from chaetiger 5, best developed on chaetigers 6–8 (Fig. 13 A–C) with about 15 closely spaced whorls on thick trunk reaching to chaetiger 1 when anteriorly extended. Individual filaments slender, slightly longer than branchial stem wide, number of filaments decreasing gradually after chaetiger 10 (Fig. 14 E, F); single filaments from chaetiger 70, absent shortly thereafter.</p><p>Modified parapodia (chaetigers 1 to 6 or 1 to 5) with one to two slender upper simple limbate chaetae and pseudocompound bidentate hooks with falcate hoods and almost smooth shafts (Fig. 14 G). Each parapodium with one median robust hook (Fig. 15 C) and two to three more slender ones (Fig. 15 D) from main pocket, and two to three very slender hooks (Fig. 15 E) from lower position.</p><p>Unmodified parapodia (chaetigers 7 or 6 onwards) with pectinate and limbate chaetae (Fig. 14 E, F). Pectinate chaetae slightly oblique with 4–11 teeth (Figs 14 H, 15F, G), two to five in median body region. Limbate chaetae finely serrated by chaetiger 30–40; lower limbate chaetae replaced by bidentate subacicular hooks from chaetiger 19 (19–20).</p><p>Mandibular shafts short in relation to size of maxillae (Fig. 15 H), calcareous part of cutting plates dissolved. Maxillae (Fig. 15 I) slender, maxillary formula: Mx I = 1 + 1; Mx II = 9 + 8; Mx III = 7 + 0; Mx IV = 7 + 10; Mx V = 1 + 1. Tubes consisting of inner secreted layer, overlain by further mucous secretions to which small pebbles and shell pieces are attached (Fig. 13 D).</p><p>Etymology. The name is derived from mel (honey) in Latin and refers to the worm’s honey-coloured appearance.</p><p>Remarks. The affinities of D. mellea sp. nov. have been discussed above (see Remarks to D. mariae sp. nov.).</p><p>Distribution. Diopatra mellea sp. nov. is only known from Gran Canaria, Canary Islands.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D62CFFEDFF0FF9A0FB1DFC22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D628FFE2FF0FFC7BFD44FD4A.text	03DD0635D628FFE2FF0FFC7BFD44FD4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra micrura Pires, Paxton, Quintino & Rodrigues 2010	<div><p>Diopatra micrura Pires, Paxton, Quintino &amp; Rodrigues 2010</p><p>Figure 16; Table 1</p><p>Diopatra micrura Pires et al., 2010: 22, figs 2–7.— Arias &amp; Paxton 2014: 5 –8 (Spain).</p><p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-8.73341&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.64136" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -8.73341/lat 40.64136)">Material</a> examined. Type material. Paratype: (AM W.36255), Ría de Aveiro, Portugal, 40°38’28.896”N – 08°44’0.276”W, intertidal, Mar 2009.</p><p>Non-type material. MNCN 16.01 /17822 (1 specimen); Las Canteras beach, Las Palmas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-15.435278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.141666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -15.435278/lat 28.141666)">Gran Canaria</a>, Canary Islands, 28°08’30’’N – 15°26’07’’W, intertidal, coll. A. Arias, 11 Jul 2012.</p><p>Type locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-8.73341&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.64136" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -8.73341/lat 40.64136)">Eastern North Atlantic</a>, Portugal, Ría de Aveiro, 40°38’28.896”N – 08°44’0.276”W, intertidal.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly extended and pointed with two subulate frontal lips. Palps reaching chaetiger 2–4; antennae reaching chaetiger 4–13, with 12–15 ceratophoral rings, lateral projections absent; nuchal grooves crescentic; peristomial cirri present. Anterior four pairs of parapodia with bidentate pseudocompound hooks with pointed hoods; single postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes present, ventral cirri on four chaetigers. Subacicular hooks from chaetiger 8–13; pectinate chaetae with 5–10 long teeth; spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 4–5 last single filament on chaetiger 30–50. Conspicuous colour pattern of transverse brown bands on antennostyles and palpostyles, brown peristomium and two dorsal lateral brown patches on anterior chaetigers (Fig. 16 A, B). Tubes several cm above sediment level, highly ornamented with shell fragments and seaweeds, attached at angle to tube (Fig. 16 C).</p><p>Remarks. The single specimen found measures 19 mm long, 1 mm wide with about 60 chaetigers. The specimen agrees well with the diagnosis of the species and presents a well preserved colour pattern. This is the first record of D. micrura in the Canary Islands and also in African waters, constituting the southernmost distribution of this species to date.</p><p>Distribution. Eastern North Atlantic (from the Portuguese coasts of Ría de Aveiro to the Canary Islands) and the western Mediterranean Sea (Southeast of Spain).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D628FFE2FF0FFC7BFD44FD4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D627FFE2FF0FFC89FED1F825.text	03DD0635D627FFE2FF0FFC89FED1F825.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra neapolitana Delle Chiaje 1841	<div><p>Diopatra neapolitana Delle Chiaje, 1841</p><p>Figure 17; Table 1</p><p>Diopatra neapolitana Delle Chiaje, 1841: 97 .— Rullier 1964: 183 –184 (indeterminable, Cape Verde).— Bellan 1969: 43 (Madeira) ; ?Núñez 1990: 499–501, fig 168 (Tenerife, Canary Islands); Arias et al. 2016: 1–17, figs 1–9 (redescription). Diopatra cuprea cuprea . — Kirkegaard 1988: 24 –25 (restating record by Rullier (1964).?Not Bosc, 1802.</p><p>Diopatra cuprea . — Núñez et al. 1999: 139 (Cape Verde).?Not Bosc, 1802.</p><p>Material examined. Type material. Neotype (MNCN 16.01 /16921), Pozzuoli Bay, Naples, Gulf of Naples, Italy, coll. local fisherman-A. Arias, Apr 2013.</p><p>Non-type material. AM W.42262 (3 specimens), Bay of Machico, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.77&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.72" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.77/lat 32.72)">East</a> coast of Madeira island, 32.72°N – 16.77°W, depth 8 m, coll. P. Wirtz.</p><p>Type locality. Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Naples, Italy.</p><p>Diagnosis. Prostomium anteriorly extended and pointed with two subulate frontal lips. Palps reaching chaetiger 1–3; antennae reaching chaetiger 4–10, with 8–17 ceratophoral rings, lateral projections absent; nuchal grooves semicircular to ¾ circle; peristomial cirri present. Anterior three to four pairs of parapodia with uni- to bidentate pseudocompound hooks with pointed hoods; single postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes present (Fig. 17 C); ventral cirri on four chaetigers. Subacicular hooks from chaetiger 16–22; pectinate chaetae with 5–10 teeth; spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 4–5, last single filament on chaetiger 50–70. Colour pattern of short transverse middorsal bar on anterior margin of anterior segments (Fig. 17 A, B). Tubes consisting mainly of silt and sand with hardly any ornamentation, distal end terminating near sediment level, without tube cap (Fig. 17 D, E).</p><p>Remarks. Rullier (1964) reported two small specimens as D. neapolitana from Cape Verde. He stated that although he did consider them as D. cuprea, he preferred to refer to them as D. neapolitana as the cosmopolitan species in the sense of Fauvel &amp; Rullier (1959). The same record was restated by Kirkegaard (1988) as D. cuprea cuprea . Núñez et al. (1999) collected Diopatra from two localities at Cape Verde, and reported them as D. cuprea . We have no record of either species from Cape Verde, and in view of the recently discovered diversity of Diopatra in this region, consider the records as indeterminable.</p><p>Three specimens of D. neapolitana from Madeira were sent for identification to one of us (H.P.). The specimens are anterior fragments, two measure 10 and 17 mm in length for 8 and 15 chaetigers, and 5.5 and 6.5 mm in width respectively. In the third specimen (18 mm long, 20 chaetigers, 5.5 mm wide) the head and anterior six chaetigers are regenerated.</p><p>Distribution. Eastern North Atlantic, from the Bay of Biscay to the Canary Islands and the eastern Mediterranean Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D627FFE2FF0FFC89FED1F825	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D625FFE1FF0FFABBFD07FEC7.text	03DD0635D625FFE1FF0FFABBFD07FEC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra brevicirris Grube 1857	<div><p>Diopatra brevicirris Grube, 1857 nomen dubium</p><p>Diopatra brevicirris Grube, 1857: 55 .— Grube 1878: 6.</p><p>Material examined. None available.</p><p>Type locality. Madeira.</p><p>Diagnosis. Antennae short, ceratophores 1/2 to 1/3 of total length, lateral antennae to segment 3 (?chaetiger 2), median slightly shorter. Peristomial cirri minute, papilla-like, not longer than 1/3 of ceratophores of palps. Dorsal cirri of parapodia very short, hardly longer than branchial stem thick. Branchiae from chaetiger 4, branchial stem very thick, filaments very short, hardly longer than width of branchial stem, third and fourth pairs longer than body width, almost 12 times as long as dorsal cirrus, last branchia from chaetiger 28.</p><p>Remarks. Diopatra brevicirris was described from Madeira on the basis of one incomplete specimen measuring 5 cm in length for 63 chaetigers and 3 mm in width, and remains the only record of this species. The species was characterised by having short antennae, minute peristomial cirri, short dorsal cirri and branchiae with very thick trunks, very short filaments. However, the branchial trunks were described as long, with branchiae 3 and 4 being longer than the width of the body. A later diagnosis (Grube 1857) was slightly different, stating that the branchiae started on chaetiger 3 and consisted of more than 61 pairs, which contradicts the original description, making the later diagnosis unreliable. The brief original description does not fit with the characteristics of any of the species treated here (Table 1) and it is considered as an abnormal or mutilated specimen and declared as a nomen dubium.</p><p>Diopatra brevicirris was described in the paper “ Annulata Örstediana ”, following the description of D. rhizophorae Grube, 1857 . Whilst the types of D. rhizophorae are held by the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen (ZMUC) and have been studied by Paxton (1998), our search for the type specimen of D. brevicirris proved unsuccessful.</p><p>Distribution. Single record from Madeira.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D625FFE1FF0FFABBFD07FEC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
03DD0635D623FFE6FF0FFF0EFA3CFC83.text	03DD0635D623FFE6FF0FFF0EFA3CFC83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diopatra Budaeva & Fauchald 2011	<div><p>Key to adult species of Diopatra from the Macaronesian region</p><p>1. Peristomial cirri present................................................................................2</p><p>- Peristomial cirri absent.................................................................................8</p><p>2. Anterior parapodia with two postchaetal lobes (Fig. 15 A, B)................................................... 3</p><p>- Anterior parapodia with one postchaetal lobe (Fig. 3 C)........................................................4</p><p>3. Lower postchaetal lobes knob-like and subulate (Fig. 15 A, B); 12–13 ceratophoral rings; 4–11 teeth on pectinate chaetae......................................................................................... .. D. mellea sp. nov.</p><p>- All lower postchaetal lobes knob-like (Fig. 11 A); 7–9 ceratophoral rings; 18–22 teeth on pectinate chaetae...................................................................................................... D. mariae sp. nov.</p><p>4. Prostomium anteriorly extended and pointed (Fig. 2 G); parapodia 5–20 with ventral lobe (Fig. 17 C)....................5</p><p>- Prostomium anteriorly rounded (Fig. 7 E); ventral lobe absent...................................................7</p><p>5. Antennae with dark brown spiral bands (Fig. 16 A, B)................................................. D. micrura</p><p>- Antennae without bands................................................................................6</p><p>6. Anterior chaetigers with dark brown mid-dorsal bar (Fig. 17 A, B); pectinate chaetae with 5–10 teeth........ D. neapolitana</p><p>- Anterior chaetigers with brown lines/bands to overall brown (Fig. 2 E, G); pectinate chaetae with 14–19 teeth.... D. gallardoi</p><p>7. Dorsum with complex colour pattern of brown pigmentation and white dots (Fig. 12 A); pectinate chaetae with 11–20 teeth............................................................................................. D. marocensis</p><p>- Dorsum pale brown or with lateral brown spots (Fig. 7 A, B); pectinate chaetae with 17–30 teeth............ D. madeirensis</p><p>8. Ceratophores of antennae with slender projections (Fig. 4 A, C); antennae to chaetiger 3–5............. D. hektoeni sp. nov.</p><p>- Ceratophores of antennae without projections (Fig. 3 A); antennae to chaetiger 9–11................. D. budaevae sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD0635D623FFE6FF0FFF0EFA3CFC83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Paxton, Hannelore;Arias, Andres	Paxton, Hannelore, Arias, Andres (2017): Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 4300 (4): 505-535, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.3
