identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DB73439251FF94FDEDFD0175B31D26.text	03DB73439251FF94FDEDFD0175B31D26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides Laboissiere 1925	<div><p>Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925</p> <p>Type species: Bonesioides coerulea (Allard, 1889).</p> <p>Ootheca coerulea Allard, 1889: 102.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 3.6–9.5 mm (adults); average total length for distinct species range between 3.9 and 9.1 mm. Generally, females are somewhat larger than males. Larvae and pupae unknown.</p> <p>Head. Labrum, maxillary and labial palpus dark brown to black, rarely becoming paler apically; except in three species where labrum, maxillary and labial palpus is pale brown or reddish brown. Antenna dark brown to black, except of B. rubricollis which has entirely reddish brown antenna. Antenna usually extending towards end of metasternum. Basal antennal articles 1–4 rarely brownish red. Frons and vertex metallic blue, green or purple, except three species having reddish brown heads. Antennal article 2 always shorter than article 3, ratio of antennal article 2 to 3 (A2/A3): 0.51–0.83; article 4 nearly as long as articles 2 and 3 combined or longer, rarely shorter, ratio antennal article 3 to 4 (A3/A4): 0.50–0.81. Eye convex and ovate, sometimes very large, ratio width of eyes to eye distance (WE/DE): 0.47–0.99.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum dark metallic green, blue or purple, exept for three above species, where pronotum is either reddish brown or black. Greatest width in the posterior third of pronotum, pronotum slightly trapezoidal. Prosternum very narrow and carinate between coxal cavities, prothoracic coxal cavities open behind (figure 2A). Pronotal length (PL; mean for distinct species): 0.62–1.62 mm, mean pronotal width (PW): 1.20–3.05 mm, mean ratio pronotal length to width (PL/PW): 0.49–0.58. Elytra dark metallic green, blue or purple, except pale brown in B. barombiensis or elytra brownish red at base and metallic black in the apical half in B. dimidiata. Mean elytral length (EL): 3.06–6.80 mm, mean elytral width of both elytra (EW): 1.68–4.07 mm, mean ratio elytral width to length (EW/EL): 0.55–0.65. Scutellum triangular, same coloration as elytra, except in Bonesioides barombiensis which has pale brown elytra, where scutellum black. Mesothorax and metathorax dark metallic green, blue or black, red to brownish red in the three species characterized by red head and pronotum. These species also with entirely red legs, or at least femur red, tibiae and tarsi black. Legs in species with metallic thorax black, rarely dark metallic green or blue (figure 5). Mean length of metatarsus to length of metatibia (TA/TI): 0.42–0.53. Alae fully developed (figure 4).</p> <p>Abdomen. Five sternites (ventrites) visible, usually dark brown to black, rarely dark metallic green or blue, in B. dimidiata and B. rubricollis sp. nov. reddish brown (figure 3A, B).</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe symmetrical, short, parallel-sided at base and usually slightly conical apically (figure 10). Apically incised and dorso-ventrally slightly compressed. Tectum short, with narrow base, slightly expanded apically. Tegmum long, Y-shaped, attached in middle of median lobe. Parameres absent. Orifice wide, variable in shape, usually circular to rectangular. Endophallus with two asymmetrically arranged spiculae, either both right-curved, both left-curved or one spiculum left-curved, the other one right-curved. Endophallic spiculae varying in length, curvature and position. One species has three spiculae (figure 92). Endophallic brush usually covered by tectum, apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius protruding, only partly covered by tectum, sometimes very long, extending towards apical third of median lobe, where not covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with slender or slightly expanded nodulus (figure 9). Middle part short and straight, rarely slightly curved. Cornu varying in length and curvature, from short, nearly right-angled to long, strongly curved. Bursa-sclerites very weakly sclerotized, hardly visible.</p> <p>Distribution. Most species of Bonesioides are distributed in Central Africa, from Cameroon, through the Congo Basin to Kenya and Tanzania. A few species show a wider distribution, namely from Central to South Africa, while other species are restricted to West Africa, montane regions of the Albertine Rift (figure 6), Kenya and Ethiopia.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides are Afrotropical Galerucinae with elongated basimetatarsus (figure 5C), mean TA/TI: 0.42–0.53 (range of different species). Elytra are parallel-sided or slightly expanded apically. Coloration of the dorsum is homogeneously metallic green, blue or purple, except of B. purpureipennis, B. dimidiata and B. rubricollis sp. nov. where the head and pronotum are reddish brown, and B. barombiensis with a black pronotum and pale brown elytra. The underside is usually dark brown to black, rarely metallic green or blue, rarely entirely reddish brown, or at least thorax reddish brown. The legs are dark brown to black, rarely metallic blue or green, or not metallic reddish brown or very occasionally pale brown. The antennal articles are entirely dark brown to black, with articles 1–4 rarely paler, except one species which is entirely reddish brown antennae. Spots and bands on the elytra, which are typical characters for most Monolepta and Candezea species are absent. The body length in Bonesioides is highly variable and ranges from 3.9 to 9.1 mm. The third antennal article in Bonesioides is always longer than the second article (figure 8), A2/A3: 0.51–0.83. This is similar to Candezea, where the A2/A3 ranges from 0.62 to 0.85, but not in Monolepta which have the second and third antennal articles of approximately the same length (A2/A3: 0.85–1.10).</p> <p>Previous authors classified the Galerucinae according to the condition of the prothoracic coxal cavities (Weise, 1923; Laboissière, 1925). Prothoracic coxal cavities in type-species of Bonesioides, Monolepta and Candezea are open, but other congeneric species and the only remaining species of Barombiella, which is closely related to Bonesioides, have completely closed prothoracic coxal cavities (cf. Wagner, 1999b). This character is obviously variable and not useful for generic delimitation. The pronotum is slightly trapezoidal in Bonesioides with is greatest width in the posterior third, but it is nearly rectangular in Monolepta and Candezea. The PW/PL in Bonesioides is 0.49–0.58, similar to Candezea (0.46–0.57), but narrower in Monolepta (0.52–0.65). Elytra in Bonesioides are slender, EW/EL range between 0.55 and 0.65, while the elytra are on average much broader in Candezea (0.62–0.70) and Monolepta (0.65–0.73). Furthermore, specimens of Candezea are dorso-ventrally strongly convexed, Monolepta is slightly to strongly convexed, while most Bonesioides are dorso-ventrally compressed or rarely convexed.</p> <p>Size and endophallic structures of the median lobe in Bonesioides is very characteristic and show many peculiar differences compared to the median lobes of Monolepta and Candezea. In Bonesioides, it is comparatively short, apically deeply incised and usually conical towards the apex (figure 10). The tectum is very short, and the basal orifice is wide. The endophallic spiculae are asymmetrical, in contrast to the always symmetrical endophallic structures in Monolepta and Candezea. The apical parts of the endophallic structures are not, or only partly covered by the tectum. The gonoporus is usually visible on the protruding apical part of the ductus ejaculatorius in Bonesioides. The median lobe in Monolepta is elongated, not incised apically, the tectum is large and broad, and the basal orifice is small. The apical part of the endophallic structure, which bears distinct groups of spiculae, is completely covered by the tectum. In Candezea, the median lobe is elongated and narrow, not incised apically, the tectum is slightly incised apically and long, extending towards the apex of the median lobe, the basal orifice is very small. The apical part of the endophallic structure, which has three pairs of strong spiculae, is covered by the tectum. Spermathecae in Bonesioides are also very different compared to those of Monolepta and Candezea (figure 9, cf. Wagner, 1999b). The cornu is much shorter and broader than in Monolepta and Candezea. Bursa-sclerites are very weakly sclerotized in Bonesioides, in contrast to Monolepta and Candezea, which have strongly sclerotized, spiny bursa-sclerites. Barombiella violacea is closely related to Bonesioides. Besides several external characters such as metallic coloration, the shape of the median lobe is similar, but lacks endophallic spiculae and the broad endophallus has a wide distal opening which is not covered by the tectum (Wagner, 1999b).</p> <p>In summary, Galerucinae from Continental Africa which have metallic-coloured head, pronotum or elytra, a slightly trapezoidal prothorax lacking a pronotal depression (figure 2A), moderately elongated basi-metatarsus (figure 5C), prothoracic coxal cavities open behind, and that peculiar type of median lobe with endophallic spiculae (figure 10) can be clearly assigned to Bonesioides.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439251FF94FDEDFD0175B31D26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB7343925FFF93FDCFFD1372EE1ECE.text	03DB7343925FFF93FDCFFD1372EE1ECE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides coerulea (Allard 1889)	<div><p>Bonesioides coerulea (Allard, 1889)</p> <p>Ootheca coerulea Allard, 1889: 102.</p> <p>Bonesioides coerulea (Allard, 1889); in Laboissière, 1925: 59.</p> <p>Monolepta (Candezea) gigantea (Jacoby, 1897); in Weise, 1924: 176.</p> <p>Monolepta gigantea (Jacoby, 1897); in Wilcox, 1973: 535.</p> <p>Luperus giganteus Jacoby, 1897; in Wilcox, 1975: 683.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 8.0– 9.3 mm (mean: 8.41 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black, frons and vertex dark metallic blue. Antenna black and long, extending towards end of metasternum (figure 7). Antennal article 3 roughly 50% longer than antennal article 2 (figure 8), A2/A3: 0.53–0.69 (mean: 0.63). Antennal article 4 longer than antennal articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.48–0.61 (mean: 0.54). Eyes very large (figure 7), WE/DE: 0.82–1.06 (mean: 0.91).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue. PL: 1.3–1.5 mm (mean: 1.42 mm), PW: 2.4–2.6 mm (mean: 2.49 mm), PL/PW: 0.54–0.60 (mean: 0.57). EL: 6.3–7.5 mm (mean: 6.69 mm), EW: 3.9–4.1 mm (mean: 4.04 mm), EW/EL: 0.57–0.63 (mean: 0.60). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, metatibia more than twice as long as metatarsus (figure 7), TA/TI: 0.45–0.47 (mean: 0.46).</p> <p>Abdomen. Black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe slender and elongated, homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 10). Orifice slender, nearly rectangular. Tectum slender, long. Endophallus with slender base and two small, strongly curved spiculae, covered by tectum. Endophallic brush and well-protuding, strongly sclerotized apical part of ductus ejaculatorius partly covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with expanded nodulus, middle part and cornu varying in length and curvature (figure 9).</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded from Nigeria, Cameroon and Equatorial-Guinea (figure 11).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides coerulea is most similar to B. caerulea and B. godzilla sp. nov. (figures 7, 26, 58). It can be easily distinguished by its large eyes, which are much smaller in the other two species mentioned. WE/DE is 0.82–1.06 in B. coerulea, 0.44–0.51 in B. godzilla sp. nov. and 0.47–0.60 in B. caerulea. Specimens of B. coerulea are larger than specimens of B. caerulea and smaller than specimens of B. godzilla sp. nov. Total length of B. caerulea ranges between 6.8 and 7.9 mm, of B. coerulea: 8.0– 9.3 mm, and of B. godzilla sp. nov.: 8.9–9.5 mm. The elytra of B. godzilla sp. nov. are nearly parallel-sided from the humeri apically, while they are expanded apically in B. coerulea. The basi-metatarsus is significantly longer than the metatibia in B. coerulea (TA/TI: 0.45–0.47), compared to B. caerulea (0.39–0.45). The median lobe of B. caerulea, the most similar species, has a much broader circular orifice than B. coerulea (figures 10, 29), where the orifice is narrower and more rectangular. In addition, the entire endophallus and the endophallic base are broader and the spiculae are larger in B. caerulea. Furthermore, the spiculae are left-curved in B. caerulea, while in B. coerulea one spiculum is left-curved, and the other is right-curved.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>L : W ‘ Ootheca coerulea All. Vieux Calabar / Vieux Calabar / ex Museao, E. Allard, 1899 / Museum Paris, collection Allard’ (MNHN); Nigeria: 4°56∞N/8°22∞E; lectotype designated by Wilcox; examined. P : W same</p> <p>data label as holotype (MNHN); this designation. H  : X ‘ Luperus giganteus, Type, Jac. / Cameroon / Jacoby coll. 1909-28a’ (BMNH); examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Cameroon: 5 ex., Lolodorf, 3°17∞N/10°50∞E, December 1894 – June 1895, L. Conradt (BMNH); 6 ex., coll. Kraatz, Conradt (DEI). Equatorial-Guinea: 2 ex., Mongo, 1°30∞N/10°10∞E, 1946/1948, J. Palau (MRAC). Nigeria: 1 ex., Mundame- Mungo, 4°35∞N/9°31∞E, Comparé au type par J. Schulz, Rhode (MRAC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB7343925FFF93FDCFFD1372EE1ECE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439258FF93FDB5FE7272AF19A5.text	03DB73439258FF93FDB5FE7272AF19A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides dimidiata Laboissiere 1937	<div><p>Bonesioides dimidiata Laboissière, 1937</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 7.8–8.4 mm (mean: 7.94 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black, reddish brown towards apex; frons and vertex reddish brown. Antenna extended towards end of mesosternum (figure 12), antennal articles short and black, articles 1 and 2 rarely reddish brown. A2/A3: 0.75–1.00 (mean: 0.88), antennal article 4 not longer than articles 2 and 3 combined (figure 13), A3/A4: 0.45–0.62 (mean: 0.54). Eyes small (figure 12), WE/DE: 0.55–0.71 (mean: 0.61).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum reddish brown; basal half of the elytra reddish brown, metallic black or dark purple on the apical half. PL: 1.3–1.5 mm (mean: 1.38 mm), PW: 2.3–2.6 mm (mean: 2.42 mm), PL/PW: 0.55–0.60 (mean: 0.57). EL: 5.9–6.4 mm (mean: 6.06 mm), EW: 3.6–4.0 mm (mean: 3.80 mm), EW/EL: 0.56–0.68 (mean: 0.63). Mesothorax and metathorax reddish brown, or entirely black. Legs black, coxa and trochanter rarely reddish brown, TA/TI: 0.46–0.49 (mean: 0.48).</p> <p>Abdomen. Dark reddish brown to black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe broad, sligthly narrowed from orifice towards end of tectum, strongly narrowed from apical third towards apex (figure 15). Orifice very broad at base, nearly triangular, tectum broad and long. Endophallus with two very long, in lateral view right-curved spiculae, which protruding above tectum (figure 15A). Endophallic brush and apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius slightly protruding.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca large, with spherical nodulus, middle part and cornu short and slightly curved (figure 14).</p> <p>Distribution. Few specimens known from Congo, Gabun and Sierra Leone (figure 16).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Can be easily identified by the reddish brown head and pronotum and the coloration of elytra, which is reddish brown in the basal half and dark metallic purple in the apical half, which is a unique coloration in Bonesioides.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Bonesioides dimidiata m., V. Laboissière—Det. / Congo francais / Lambarene, XI.–XII.1902, L. Fea’; examined (MSNG).</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Congo: 2 ex., Sud Ogowé, N’Gomo, 0.55S / 9.20E, Junod, coll. Claverau (MRAC).</p> <p>Gabon: 1 ex., Libreville et env., 0.30N / 9.25S, 1915, Babault (MRAC). Sierra Leone: 1 ex., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.57&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.43" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.57/lat 8.43)">Chùtes de Samlia</a>, Riv. N. Gamie, 8.43N / 11.57W, Mocquereys (IRSNB).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439258FF93FDB5FE7272AF19A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB7343925BFF8FFD89F9A8726D1A26.text	03DB7343925BFF8FFD89F9A8726D1A26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides kirschi (Jacoby 1899) Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides kirschi (Jacoby, 1899); comb. nov.</p> <p>Monolepta kirschi Jacoby, 1899: 374.</p> <p>Monolepta (Candezea) kirschi Jacoby, 1899; in Weise, 1924: 176.</p> <p>Monolepta munroi Bryant, 1931: 256; syn. nov.</p> <p>Barombia lesnei Laboissière, 1931b: 54; syn. nov.</p> <p>Barombiella lesnei (Laboissière, 1931b); in Wilcox, 1973: 602.</p> <p>Barombiella babaulti Laboissière, 1939: 162; syn. nov.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 3.9–5.3 mm (mean: 4.52 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black, frons and vertex dark metallic blue. Antenna dark brown to black, first three antennal articles paler; antenna and antennal articles short, extending towards end of metasternum (figure 17); antennal article 3 about 50% longer than article 2 (figure 18), A2/A3: 0.60–0.70 (mean: 0.67); antennal article 4 not longer than antennal articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.69–0.80 (mean: 0.75). Eyes small (figure 17), WE/DE: 0.48–0.67 (mean: 0.59).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue. Pronotum very convex, PL: 0.6–0.9 mm (mean: 0.78 mm), PW: 1.1–1.7 mm (mean: 1.39 mm), PL/PW: 0.53–0.59 (mean: 0.56). EL: 3.0– 4.2 mm (mean: 3.49 mm), EW: 2.0– 2.7 mm (mean: 2.26 mm), EW/EL: 0.61–0.69 (mean: 0.65). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black. Metatibia on average more than twice as long as metatarsus (figure 17), TA/TI: 0.44–0.54 (mean: 0.47).</p> <p>Abdomen. Black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe broad and short, nearly parallel-sided in basal two-thirds, slightly narrowed apically (figure 20). Orifice very broad and nearly rectangular, tectum short and broad. Endophallus with broad base and two leftcurved spiculae; spiculae with enlarged base. Endophallic brush small, protrudent apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius not covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with slightly expanded nodulus, middle part and cornu varying in curvature and length, usually short and slightly curved (figure 19).</p> <p>Distribution. Southern Africa; recorded from Angola, Namibia, Zambia, Mocambique and South Africa (figure 38).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides kirschi is similar to other metallic blue species, but it is the only species distributed in southern Africa, while others are only known from Central, East or West Africa (figure 38). It can be identified by the short antenna and the short, broad antennal articles (figure 18), which are much longer in B. virens and B. laevicollis (figures 31, 40). Compared to species with similar antennal characters, B. kirschi can be identified by the broad, apically significantly expanded elytra (figure 17). Mean EW/EL in B. kirschi is 0.65, in B. gambiae sp. nov.: 0.58 and in B. marcoi sp. nov.: 0.59. The most similar species, B. jacksoni and B. laboissierei nom. nov., can be clearly distinguished only by examination of the median lobe. In B. laboissierei nom. nov. it is much slenderer and elongated than in B. kirschi (figures 20, 37). Furthermore, the endophallic brush is close to the apex of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius, which is extremely protrudent in B. laboissierei nom. nov. The median lobe in B. jacksoni and B. kirschi are very similar, but spiculae are right-curved in B. jacksoni and left-curved in B. kirschi (figures 20, 47). Distribution can also be used for identification, since B. jacksoni is recorded only from Kenya and B. laboissierei nom. nov. mainly from Central Africa (figures 38, 48).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H : X ‘ Monolepta kirschi Jac. / Salisbury, Mashonald. / Jacoby coll. 1909-28a’ (BMNH); Zimbabwe: 17°43∞S/31°5∞E; examined. H   X ‘ Monolepta munroi Bryant, Det. G. E. Bryant / Warmbath TP, Roodekuil, 6.12.29, H. K. Munroi’ (BMNH); South Africa: 24°55∞S/28°15∞E; examined. L : X ‘ Barombia lesnei m., V. Laboissière — Det. / Type / Museum Paris, Zambese, Chemba, P. Lesne 1929’ (MNHN); Zambia: 17°11∞S/34°53∞E; this designation. P  : Zambia: 1 W, Zambese, Chiramba, 16°55∞S/34°39∞ E, P. Lesne, 1929 (MNHN); this designation. No holotype was designated either in the original description or on the material examined. H  X ‘ Barombiella babaulti m., V. Laboissière — Det. / Museum Paris, Coll. generale / Type / Huila, 1939’ (MNHN); Angola: 15°4∞S/13°33∞E; examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Namibia: 4 ex., Osana, 22°1∞S/16°56∞E, March–April 1989, J. Irish (MNHU); 2 ex., Okahandja, 21°59∞S/16°58∞ E, S. G. Casper (MNHU); 1 ex., Okaukuejo, 19°10∞S/15°55∞E, lux, March 1994, B. and M. Uhlig (MNHU); 1 ex., Otjitambi, 19°48∞S/15°10∞E, at light, February 1972 (BMNH); 6 ex., Popa Falls, 18°7∞S/21°34∞E, lux, March 1994, U. Göllner (MNHU); 6 ex., Popa Falls, January 1993, F. Koch (MNHU). Mocambique: 1 ex., Pomene, 22°59∞S/35°35∞E, grassnetting savanna, May 1975, A. Strydom (TMSA). South Africa: 1 ex., Natal, D’Urban (SAMC); 2 ex., Omaramba, January 1898, Erikson (SAMC); 8 ex., Bandolier Kop, 23°19∞S/29°47∞E, ‘on vegetation’, January 1975, W. Breytenbach (TMSA); 4 ex., Barberton, 25°48∞S/31°3∞E, ‘on aloe ’, January 1928, J. S. Taylor (BMNH); 2 ex., Estcourt, 29°0∞S/29°53∞E, ‘on acacia ’, December 1892, G. A. K. Marshall (BMNH); 1 ex., Happy Rest Nat. Res., 23°2∞S/29°40∞E, ‘on vegetation’, April 1976, Proz. - Schulze (TMSA); 18 ex., Hluhluwe, 28°2∞S/32°17∞E, January 1971, coll. Bishop, J., J. H., M. Sedlacek (BMH); 5 ex., Honet Nature Reserve, 22°36∞S/30°10∞E, 300 m, November 1996, M. Hartmann (NME); 1 ex., Itala Game Reserve, 27°30∞S/31°20∞E, January 1994, F. Koch (MNHU); 4 ex., Nelspruit Nat. Res., Koppee, 25°29∞S/30°55∞E, beating, December 1986, Endrödy-Younga (TMSA); 1 ex., Nerina Nat. Res., 23°42∞S/30°16∞E, grassnetting, March 1975, W. Breytenbach (TMSA); 1 ex., Natal (ZMUH); 4 ex., Warmbaths, 24°55∞S/28°15∞E, December 1929, H. K. Munro (BMNH). Zambia: 1 ex., Mweru-Wantipa, 8°50∞S/29°40∞E, April 1944, H. J. Bredo (IRSNB). Zimbabwe: 2 ex., Salisbury, April 1899, G. A. K. Marshall (SAMC); 10 ex., Bulawayo, 20°15∞S/28°30∞E, December 1903, G. A. K. Marshall (BMNH); 1 ex., Chirinda, 20°25∞S/32°42∞E, January 1938, C. F. M. Swynnerton (BMNH); 17 ex., Chirinda Forest, 23°0∞S/33°0∞E, 1908, David Odendaal (BMNH); 3 ex., Harare, 17°43∞S/31°5∞E, February 1898 (BMNH); 7 ex., Harare, ‘on acacia ’, April 1899 (3 ex.) / 1908 (4 ex.), G. A. K. Marshall (BMNH).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB7343925BFF8FFD89F9A8726D1A26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439244FF8CFE6AFAC672101921.text	03DB73439244FF8CFE6AFAC672101921.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides barombiensis (Jacoby 1903) Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides barombiensis (Jacoby, 1903); comb. nov.</p> <p>Monolepta barombiensis Jacoby, 1903: 335.</p> <p>Barombiella graciosa Laboissière, 1941: 321; syn. nov.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 6.4–8.5 mm (mean: 7.95 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labial and maxillary palpus brown to black, mandible dark brown to black with brighter apex; labrum, frons and vertex brown to black. Antenna extending towards the end of the metasternum (figure 21), entirely black or first antennal article brown, becoming paler brown distally and all following articles brownish yellow. Second article on average one-third shorter than third article (figure 22): A2/A3: 0.50–0.85 (mean: 0.71); article 4 longer than articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.43–0.59 (mean: 0.51). Eyes very large (figure 21), WE/DE: 0.69–0.92 (mean: 0.77).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum black, PL: 1.0– 1.3 mm (mean: 1.22 mm), PW: 2.0– 2.6 mm (mean: 2.42 mm), PL/PW: 0.48–0.52 (mean: 0.50). Elytra pale brown, EL: 5.0–7.0 mm (mean: 6.42 mm), EW: 3.0–4.0 mm (mean: 3.63 mm), EW/EL: 0.49–0.62 (mean: 0.57). Mesothorax and metathorax black. Legs either black, with distal ends of tibiae dark brown to brown, or coxa, trochanter and femur dark brown, tibia and tarsus pale brown. Metatibia about twice as long as metatarsus (figure 21), TA/TI: 0.50–0.56 (mean: 0.53 mm).</p> <p>Abdomen. Dark brown to black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe very slender, parallel-sided in basal three-quarters, slightly narrowed apically (figure 24). Orifice narrow, tectum narrow and long. Base of endophallus with two small spiculae, endophallic brush large, apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius long, partly protrudent.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with insignificantly expanded nodulus, homogeneously converging towards straight middle part; cornu strongly curved (figure 23).</p> <p>Distribution. Each one specimen recorded from Cameroon and Gabon and several specimens from Congo and Congo-Brazzaville (figure 25).</p> <p>Diagnosis. B. barombiensis can be easily identified by the pale brown elytra which is a unique character in Bonesioides. Two different coloration types of antennae and legs were found. Some specimens have dark brown or black antennae and legs, while others are characterized by pale brown antennae, tibiae and tarsi.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H : W ‘ Monolepta barombiensis Jac. / Kamerun, Barombi, Conradt / Jacoby coll. 1909-28a’ (BMNH); Cameroon: 4°40∞N/9°25∞E; examined. L : W ‘ Barombiella graciosa m., V. Laboissière det. 1940 / Musée du Congo, Tshuapa: Eala, May 1935, J. Ghesquière’ (MRAC); Congo: 0°4∞N/18°17∞E; this designation. P  : Congo: 1 ex., same data as holotype; 5 ex., same data as holotype (1 ex., ‘ X.1935 ’; 1 ex., ‘ X.1935 ’; 1 ex., ‘ I.1936 ’; 2 ex., ‘ IV.1936 ’, all (MRAC)); 1 ex., Bombona, 2°23∞N/19°3∞E, July 1935, A. Bal (MRAC); 1 ex., River Busira, 0°7∞S/19°18∞E, June 1936, J. Ghesquière (MRAC); 1 ex., Ilenge, 0°15∞S/20°35∞E, January 1918, R. Mayné (MRAC); 1 ex., N’Gomo, 0°55∞S/9°20∞E, Junod, coll. Clavereau (MRAC); this designation. No holotype was designated either in the original description or on the material examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Congo: 1 ex., Tshuapa: Bamanya, 0°0’/18°20∞E, 1968, P. Hulstaert (MRAC); 13 ex., same data as holotype (2 ex., July 1935; 1 ex., January 1936; 1 ex., February 1936; 6 ex., September 1936; 1 ex., October 1936; 2 ex., November 1936) (MRAC); 1 ex., Kasai: Kondue, 4°57∞S/23°21∞ E, E. Luja (IRSNB); 1 ex., Kisangani, 0°31∞N/25°11∞E, March 1971, J. Taverniers (MRAC); 3 ex., 180 km W from Bukavu, May 1988, Hung. Sci. Africa Exp. ‘ Telekei’, A. Vojnits (HNHM). Congo-Brazzaville: 5 ex., Odzala Nat. Park, 0°55∞S/9°20∞ E, S. Muzin and V. Siniaev (CBe).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439244FF8CFE6AFAC672101921	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439247FF88FD80F9C772431C30.text	03DB73439247FF88FD80F9C772431C30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides caerulea (Jacoby 1903) Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides caerulea (Jacoby, 1903); comb. nov.</p> <p>Barombia caerulea Jacoby, 1903: 325.</p> <p>Barombiella caerulea (Jacoby, 1903); in Wilcox, 1973: 601.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 6.8–7.9 mm (mean: 7.29 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus dark brown to black, frons and vertex dark blue metallic. Antenna short, extending towards end of mesosternum (figure 26), antennal articles dark brown to black, articles 2 and 3 rarely paler. Antennal article 3 40–50% longer than antennal article 2 (figure 27), A2/A3: 0.47–0.75 (mean: 0.63), antennal article 4 50–60% longer than article 3, about the same length as antennal articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.57–0.83 (mean: 0.67). Eyes small, frons broad (figure 26), WE/DE: 0.47–0.60 (mean: 0.55).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue. PL: 1.2–1.3 mm (mean: 1.25 mm), PW: 2.1–2.4 mm (mean: 2.20 mm), PL/PW: 0.53–0.60 (mean: 0.57). EL: 5.4–6.3 mm (mean: 5.79 mm), EW: 3.3–4.0 mm (mean: 3.59 mm), EW/EL: 0.58–0.64 (mean: 0.62). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs dark brown to black, metatibia more than twice as long as metatarsus (figure 26), TA/TI: 0.39–0.45 (mean: 0.42).</p> <p>Abdomen. Dark brown to black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe broad, slightly narrowed from orifice towards end of tectum, strongly narrowed from apical third towards apex (figure 29). Orifice very broad at base, nearly circular, tectum broad and long. Endophallus with broad base and two long, left-curved spiculae; spiculae with broad base. Endophallic brush and protruding apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius partly covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca large, nodulus expanded, middle part short and nearly straight, cornu expanded in middle (figure 28).</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded from Cameroon, Congo, Uganda and the Central African Republic (figure 11).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides caerulea is most similar to B. coerulea and B. godzilla sp. nov. (figures 7, 26, 58), but smaller than those with a total length from 6.8 to 7.9 mm, while length in B. coerulea range between 8.0 and 9.3 mm, in B. godzilla sp. nov. between 8.9 and 9.5 mm. The elytra of B. godzilla sp. nov. are nearly parallelsided from humeri towards the apex (figure 58), but expanded apically in B. caerulea (figure 26). The median lobe of B. caerulea (figure 29) is most similar to B. coerulea (figure 10), but the latter has a much slenderer orifice, and a nearly rectangular base. The endophallus and endophallic base are broader and the spiculae are larger in B. caerulea. Furthermore, the spiculae are left-curved in B. caerulea, while B. coerulea has each one left-and right-curved spiculum.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H  : W ‘ Barombia caerulea Jac. / Kamerun, Barombi, Conradt / Jacoby coll. 1909-28a’ (BMNH); Cameroon: 4°40∞N/9°25∞E; examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Cameroon: 2 ex., same data label as holotype (BMNH); 2 ex., coll. Kraatz (DEI). Central African Republic: 1 ex., Bambesa, 3°28∞N/25°43∞E, October 1933, J. V. Leroy (MRAC); 1 ex., Bambesa, February 1937, J. Vrydagh (MRAC); 1 ex., Bambesa, August 1938, P. Henrard (MRAC); 1 ex., Ile Ikaturaka, 3°39∞N/18°39∞E, a la lumiere, August 1947, Dr M. Poll (MRAC); 1 ex., Kisangani, 0°33∞N/25°14∞E, October 1970, J. Taverniers (MRAC); 1 ex., Lukolela, 1°3∞S/17°12∞E, June 1925, S. A. R. Prince Leopold (MRAC); 1 ex., Mambasa, 1°21∞N/29°3∞E, November 1970, J. Taverniers (MRAC); 1 ex., Mongbwalu, 1°57∞N/30°2∞E, July 1939, Mme Lepersonne (MRAC); 1 ex., Ngowa, 5°42∞S/16°35∞E, October 1937, R. P. J. Mertens (IRSNB); 1 ex., P. N. G., Pidigala, 4°35∞N/29°23∞E, April 1952, H. de Saeger (IRSNB); 1 ex., Region de Sassa, 1895–1896, Colmant (MRAC); 1 ex., Stanleyville, 0°33∞N/25°14∞E, May 1926, J. Ghesquiere (IRSNB); 1 ex., Yangambi, 0°47∞N/24°28∞E, 1953, C. Donis (MRAC). Uganda: 1 ex., Bwamba Forest, 0°43∞N/30°4∞E, 750–900 m, November 1911, S. A. Neave (BMNH); 1 ex., Entebbe, 0°5∞N/32°29∞E, February 1914, C. C. Gowdey (BMNH); 2 ex., Unyoro, 1°45∞N/31°25∞E, 1100 m, December 1911, S. A. Neave (BMNH).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439247FF88FD80F9C772431C30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439243FF87FD97FC2772961BE7.text	03DB73439243FF87FD97FC2772961BE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides virens (Weise 1913) Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides virens (Weise, 1913); comb. nov.</p> <p>Monolepta virens Weise, 1913: 152.</p> <p>Monolepta (Candezea) virens Weise, 1913; in Weise, 1924: 178.</p> <p>Barombiella virens (Weise, 1913); in Laboissière, 1940: 86.</p> <p>Barombiella opalina Laboissière, 1940: 85; syn. nov.</p> <p>Monolepta ruwensorica Bryant, 1952: 9; syn. nov.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 4.4–6.1 mm (mean: 5.27 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black; frons and vertex metallic purple, blue or green. Antennal articles black and very long, antenna extending towards last third of elytra (figure 30); antennal article 3 much longer than article 2 (figure 31), A2/A3: 0.50–0.78 (mean: 0.59), A3/A4: 0.45–0.69 (mean: 0.55). Frons broad, eyes small (figure 30), WE/DE: 0.50–0.70 (mean: 0.60).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra metallic purple, blue or green. PL: 0.7–0.9 mm (mean: 0.82 mm), PW: 1.4–1.8 mm (mean: 1.66 mm), PL/PW: 0.47–0.53 (mean: 0.49). EL: 3.4–4.9 mm (mean: 4.15 mm), EW: 2.0– 3.4 mm (mean: 2.71 mm), EW/EL: 0.54–0.73 (mean: 0.65). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs metallic purple, blue or green; TA/TI: 0.49–0.60 (mean 0.53).</p> <p>Abdomen. Metallic purple, blue or green.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe homogeneously narrowed apically, tectum short and broad, orifice more rectangular (figure 33). Endophallus with very broad base and two right-curved, long spiculae. Endophallic brush small, protruding apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius partly covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with spherical nodulus; middle part and cornu slender and short, strongly curved (figure 32).</p> <p>Distribution. Distributed in montane regions of the Albertine Rift in Kivu, Rwanda and Uganda (figure 53).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides virens is most similar to B. laevicollis, B. nitida sp. nov., B. marcoi sp. nov. and B. budongoensis sp. nov. (figures 30, 39, 49, 71, 79). Fourth to eleventh antennal articles are very long and slender (figure 30). The elytra are on average broader than in any other of those species. The average EW in B. virens is 2.71 mm, in B. laevicollis 2.41 mm, in B. nitida sp. nov. 2.55 mm, in B. marcoi sp. nov. 2.25 mm and in B. budongoensis sp. nov. 2.23 mm. The coloration of B. laevicollis is dark metallic blue. The antenna are long, but the articles 2 and 3 are very short (figure 40), the average A2/A 3 in B. laevicollis is 0.83, while B. virens has a much longer third antennal articles (figure 31), the average A2/A3 is 0.59. In contrast to those two species B. nitida sp. nov. has very short antennal articles (figure 80). This species is metallic green and the coloration is more bronze or golden. B. marcoi sp. nov. is metallic blue and the antenna are shorter than in B. virens (figure 72). The eyes are large in B. marcoi sp. nov. (average WE/DE is 0.78), and in B. laevicollis: 0.72, but smaller in B. virens: 0.60 (figures 30, 39, 71). B. budongoensis sp. nov. is much slenderer and the antennal articles are much shorter (figure 49). The colour is metallic green or purple, but duller. Furthermore, both species can be distinguished by examination of the median lobe. Endophallus is strongly hooked at base in B. budongoensis sp. nov., the apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius is very long, extending towards the apical quarter of the median lobe (figure 52). In B. virens the endophallus is not basally hooked and the apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius is very short (figure 33). The spiculae in B. virens are long and right-curved, in B. budongoensis sp. nov. short, one is left-, the other right-curved.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘[Monolepta] virens Ws. * / Nördl. v. Alb. Edw. See, Ruwensori Westseite, 2500 m, 2.08 / Exped.: Herzog Adolf Friedrich z. Mecklenburg / 95933 / J. Weise det. / Type / 137 / Zool. Museum Berlin’ (MNHU); Congo: ca 0°30∞N/29°40∞E; examined. H: X ‘ Monolepta ruwensorica Bryant, G. E. Bryant det 1954 / Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, Nyinabitata, 8650 ft., 7.-13.VII.1952, D. S. Fletcher / Ruwenzori Exp. B. M. 1952-566 / Type’ (BMNH); examined. H: W ‘ Barombiella opalina m., V. Laboissière—Det. / Musée du Congo, Bonde (2400), (près Gando), 10/ 12-III-1935, de Witte, Parc Nat. Albert / Type / Type B. opalina / R. Det 4572’ (MRAC); Congo: 1°36∞S/29°24∞E; examined. P: Congo: 1 ex., W. Ruwenzori, Kalonge, 0°20∞N/29°48∞E, July 1932, Dr van Hoof (MRAC); 1 ex., Ruwenzori: Kalonge, August 1932, 2500 m, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 1 ex., Kivu, Kibumba, 1°30∞S/29°20∞E, September 1932, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 1 ex., Kivu, Burunga, 1°20∞S/29°2∞E, December 1925, Dr H. Schouteden (MRAC); 1 ex., Ruwenzori, Butagu, 0°21∞N/29°43∞E, 2000 m, November 1931, Mme L. Lebrun (MRAC); 2 ex., P. N. A., Bugershi, 1°10∞S/29°24∞E, 2400 m, March 1935, G. F. de Witte (MRAC (1 ex.) / IRSNB (1 ex.)); 1 ex., Kivu, Mts Nyamukubi, 1°59∞S/28°54∞E, November 1932, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 1 ex., Ruwenzori, Kalonge (Mohongo), 0°20∞N/29°48∞E, July 1937, H. J. Bredo (MRAC); 1 ex., Kivu, Nyamalagira, 1°25∞S/29°12∞E, September 1932, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 2 ex., P. N. A., E. Nnyamuragira (Mushumangabo), 1°25∞S/29°12∞E, 2075 m, June 1935, G. F. de Witte (IRSNB); 1 ex., P. N. A., Lac Mugunga, 1°37∞S/29°8∞E, 1500 m, February 1934, G. F. de Witte (IRSNB); 2 ex., P. N. A., vers Rweru, volc. Mikeno (Bambous), 1°27∞S/29°26∞E, 2400 m, July 1934, G. F. de Witte (IRSNB); 1 ex., P. N. A., Forêt Mayumbu, Nyamuragira, 1°25∞S/29°12∞E, 2100 m, June 35, G. F. de Witte (IRSNB). Rwanda: 1 ex., Ilega, pied volc. Karisimbi, 1°30∞S/29°27∞E, 2400 m, March 1935, G. F. de Witte (IRSNB).</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Congo: 1 ex., same data label as holotype B. opalina (MRAC); 15 ex., Buseregenye, 1°0∞S/29°20∞E, September 1929, Ed. Luja (MRAC); 2 ex., Busiangwa, 0°9∞N/29°19∞E, 2380 m, March 1954, P. Vanschuytbroeck and H. Synave (IRSNB); 2 ex., Butagu Valley, 0°21∞N/29°43∞E, 2000 m, November 1931, Mme L. Lebrun (MRAC); 1 ex., Lac Gando, 1°36∞S/29°24∞E, 2400 m, March 1935, G. F. de Witte (MRAC); 5 ex., Hintumo, 0°10∞N/29°15∞E, 2450 m, March 1953, lieu-dit, P. Vanschuytbroeck and H. Synave (IRSNB); 10 ex., Ihongero, 0°20∞N/29°45∞E, 2480 m, August–September 1952, P. Vanschuytbroeck and J. Kekenbosch (IRSNB); 1 ex., Kabare, 1°28∞S/29°45∞E, August 1952, R. Mayne (MRAC); 5 ex., river Kalivina, 2350 m, March–April 1954, P. Vanschuytbroeck and H. Synave (IRSNB); 8 ex., Kalonge, 0°20∞N/29°48∞E, 2050 m, July–August 1932, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 56 ex., Kalonge, 2100 m, July 1952 – February 1953, P. Vanschuytbroeck and J. Kekenbosch (IRSNB); 1 ex., Kibumba, 1°30∞S/29°20∞E, September 1932, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 9 ex., Kikyo, 0°20N /29°48∞E, 2180 m, August–September 1952, P. Vanschuytbroeck and J. Kekenbosch (IRSNB); 15 ex., Kirungu, 0°11∞S/29°2∞E, 2720 m, March 1954, lieu-dit ‘menthe’, P. Vanschuytbroeck and H. Synave (IRSNB); 1 ex., river Kisesa, 0°15∞S/29°10∞E, 2580 m, April 1955, P. Vanschuytbroeck and R. Fonteyn (IRSNB); 5 ex., Kyandolire, 0°20∞S/29°5∞E, 1800 m, January 1953, P. Vanschuytbroeck and J. Kekenbosch (IRSNB); 2 ex., Terr. Lubero, 0°6∞S/29°6∞E, 2200 m, December 1951, avec bambous, N. Leleup (MRAC); 1 ex., Lubero, July 1952, R. Mayne (MRAC); 7 ex., Mt Biega, 2°20∞S/28°37∞E, August 1952, R. Mayne (MRAC); 2 ex., Mt Buliwa, 0°5∞S/28°55∞E, 2450 m, April 1955, P. Vanschuytbroeck and R. Fonteyn (IRSNB); 1 ex., Mt Kahuzi, 2°15∞S/28°40∞E, 2300 m, March 1953, P. Basilewsky (MRAC); 2 ex., Mt Kahuzi, May 1993, Ch. Neinhuis (ZFMK); 6 ex., Mt Kamitondi, 0°10∞S/28°50∞E, 2300 m, March 1954, P. Vanschuytbroeck and H. Synave (IRSNB); 5 ex., Mt Musimba, 0°15∞S/28°45∞E, 2450 m, March 1954, P. Vanschuytbroeck and H. Synave (IRSNB); 1 ex., Mulenge, 3°6∞S/29°0∞E, 2500 m, August 1959, Leleup (MRAC); 1 ex., Mulo, 0°7∞S/29°15∞E, 1960 m, June–July 1953, R. P. Celis (MRAC); 8 ex., river Musabaki, 1°0∞S/29°20∞E, 2720 m, March 1954, P. Vanschuytbroeck and H. Synave (IRSNB); 2 ex., P. N. A. Nord, 0°10∞N/29°40∞E, P. Jolivet (IRSNB); 1 ex., Rutshuru, 1°11∞S/29°27∞E, May 1937, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); 1 ex., Rutshuru, 1285 m, November 1933, G. F. de Witte (IRSNB); 8 ex., Rwankwi, 1°20∞S/29°22∞E, January 1944, sur Erythrina, J. V. Leroy (MRAC); 16 ex., Rwankwi, August–December 1951, J. V. Leroy (MRAC); 3 ex., river Talia, 0°31∞S/29°20∞E, 2340 m, March 1954, P. Vanschuytbroeck and H. Synave (IRSNB); 1 ex., Tshibinda, 2°19∞S/28°45∞E, November 1932, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 1 ex., River Tshinia et Mukoba, 2250 m, June 1949, Dr R. Laurent (MRAC). Rwanda: 1 ex., Bigogwe, 2500 m, August 1951, A. E. Bertrand (MRAC); 1 ex., Mushongi, 1°39∞S/29°53∞E, 1857 m, February 1951, N. Leleup (MRAC); 1 ex., Foret Rugege, 1°30∞S/29°20∞E, 2150 m, April 1951, dans l’humus, N. Leleup (MRAC); 6 ex., Rutovu, 2°30∞S/29°25∞E, 2350 m, January 1953, P. Basilewsky (MRAC). Uganda: 1 ex., Impen. Kayonta For., 1°5∞S/29°40∞E, 1300 m, March 1972, F. Cuypers (MRAC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439243FF87FD97FC2772961BE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB7343924CFF82FDD4FB0372D61E40.text	03DB7343924CFF82FDD4FB0372D61E40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides laboissierei Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides laboissierei nom. nov.</p> <p>Replacement name for Beiratia coerulea Laboissière, 1924: 26.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 3.7–4.9 mm (mean: 4.15 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black, frons and vertex dark metallic blue. Antenna extending towards end of metasternum (figure 34), antennal articles short and black, articles 2 and 3 rarely dark brown. A2/A3: 0.55–0.75 (mean: 0.61), antennal article 4 not longer than antennal articles 2 and 3 combined (figure 35), A3/A4: 0.53–0.77. Eyes small (figure 34), WE/DE: 0.55–0.71 (mean: 0.65).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue, pronotum very convex. PL: 0.6–0.9 mm (mean: 0.75 mm), PW: 1.2–1.6 mm (mean: 1.32 mm), PL/PW: 0.52–0.61 (mean: 0.57). EL: 2.8–3.8 mm (mean: 3.22 mm), EW: 1.7–2.2 mm (mean: 1.99 mm), EW/EL: 0.58–0.67 (mean: 0.62). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, TA/TI: 0.49–0.54 (mean: 0.53).</p> <p>Abdomen. Black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe very slender, homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 37). Base of orifice narrow, nearly circular, tectum long and slender. The endophallus has a large base and two spiculae, a slender one in the basal part, another in the apical part, latter partly not covered by tectum. Endophallic brush and apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius very protruding and extending nearly towards the apex of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with expanded nodulus, middle part and cornu short and well curved (figure 36).</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded from eastern Congo to Kenya and Zimbabwe (figure 38).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides laboissierei nom. nov. is most similar to B. gambiae sp. nov., B. trispiculata sp. nov. and B. kirschi (figures 17, 54, 90). These species are very similar in size, coloration and habitus, and can be doubtless distinguished by the male genitalia only. Shape of the median lobe in B. gambiae sp. nov. is very similar to that of B. laboissierei nom. nov., but the endophallus is strongly hooked at the base in B. gambiae sp. nov. (figure 57), while it is straight in B. laboissierei nom. nov. (figure 37). The median lobe in B. trispiculata sp. nov. is much broader and the endophallus bears three spiculae (figure 92), which is a unique character in Bonesioides. B. kirschi is similar in size and coloration, and occurs partly syntopically with B. laboissierei nom. nov., but both species can be easily distinguished by the male genitalic characters. B. kirschi has a broad median lobe, tectum and the protruding apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius are short (figure 20), while B. laboissierei nom. nov. has a much more slender median lobe with long tectum and the protruding apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius (figure 37). Furthermore, B. gambiae sp. nov. is restricted to Gambia, while B. laboissierei nom. nov. mainly occurs in Central and East Africa. B. trispiculata sp. nov. is recorded from Central Congo, and B. kirschi from Southern Africa only (figure 38).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Beiratia coerulea m. V. Laboissière - Det. / Tana River, B. E. A. / Type / G. Babault, Mai 1915 / Muséum Paris, Coll. Générale’ (MNHN); Kenya: ca 0°50∞S/37°30∞E; examined. P  : 12 ex., same data label as holotype (MNHN); examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Burundi: 1 ex., Kanna, January 1926, Dr H. Schouteden (MRAC); 1 ex., Usumbura, 3°22∞S/29°31∞E, January 1926, Dr H. Schouteden (MRAC). Congo: 1 ex., Arara-Aru, 3°11∞N/30°48∞E, July 1952, M. Winand (MRAC); 1 ex., Muteba, 5°9∞S/25°41∞E, May 1932, G. F. Overlaet (MRAC); 4 ex., P. N. G., ca 3°40∞N/29°0∞E, June 1952, H. de Saeger (IRSNB). Kenya: 1 ex., Mpanga, 0°35∞N/36°10∞E (ZFMK); 1 ex., Tsavo River, ca 2°59∞S/28°38∞E, May 1913, Dr Bayer (MRAC). Rwanda: 1 ex., Bugarama, 2°27∞S/29°28∞E, October 1926, Dr H. Schouteden (MRAC). Uganda: 6 ex., Masindi, 1°41∞N/31°45∞E, April 1927, H. Hargreaves (BMNH). Zimbabwe: 1 ex., Bulawayo, 20°15∞S/28°30∞E, December 1903, G. A. K. Marshall (BMNH); 1 ex., Marandellas, 18°10∞S/31°36∞E, light, February 1962, J. S. Weir (BMNH).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB7343924CFF82FDD4FB0372D61E40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439249FF80FE62FEE675151AC4.text	03DB73439249FF80FE62FEE675151AC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides laevicollis (Laboissiere 1940) Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides laevicollis (Laboissière, 1940); comb. nov.</p> <p>Barombiella laevicollis Laboissière, 1940: 87.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 4.3–6.0 mm (mean: 5.26 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus, frons and vertex dark metallic blue. Antenna long and black, extending towards end of metasternum (figure 39). Antennal articles 2 and 3, rarely first three articles brown. Antennal article 3 very short, A2/A3: 0.64–1.00 (mean: 0.83), antennal article 4 longer than articles 2 and 3 combined (figure 40), A3/A4: 0.33–0.67 (mean: 0.50). Eyes large (figure 39), WE/DE: 0.60–0.83 (mean: 0.72).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark blue metallic. PL: 0.7–0.9 mm (mean: 0.85 mm), PW: 1.3–1.8 mm (mean: 1.58 mm), PL/PW: 0.51–0.58 (mean: 0.54). EL: 3.2–4.7 mm (mean: 4.06 mm), EW: 2.0–3.0 mm (mean: 2.41 mm), EW/EL: 0.53–0.65 (mean: 0.60). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, rarely dark brown; TA/TI: 0.45–0.49 (mean: 0.48).</p> <p>Abdomen. Dark brown to black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe slender, homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 42). Orifice nearly rectangular at base, tectum slender. Endophallus with broad base and two very long spiculae, which are stronger sclerotized at apex. Small endophallic brush and protruding apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius are not covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with insignificantly expanded nodulus, homogeneously converging to the small, strongly curved middle part and cornu (figure 41).</p> <p>Distribution. Distributed from Cameroon through the Congo Basin to Uganda and Tanzania (figure 43).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides laevicollis is most similar to B. marcoi sp. nov., B. kamerunensis sp. nov. and to metallic blue specimens of B. virens (figures 30, 39, 67, 71). These species can be distinguished by the length of the third antennal article, which is nearly of same length as article 2 in B. laevicollis (figure 40), but is much longer in the other species (figures 31, 68, 72); mean A2/A 3 in B. laevicollis 0.83, in B. marcoi sp. nov. 0.58, in B. kamerunensis sp. nov. 0.51 and in B. virens 0.59; mean A3/A 4 in B. laevicollis 0.50, in B. marcoi sp. nov. 0.65, in B. kamerunensis sp. nov. 0.81 and in B. virens 0.55. The median lobe of B. laevicollis is much more slender and the spiculae are longer than in B. marcoi sp. nov., which has a much shorter and more slender tectum, a hooked base of the endophallus and much stronger protruding sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius (figures 42, 74). The spermatheca of B. laevicollis is smaller, the nodulus much more slender and less sclerotized than in B. marcoi sp. nov. (figures 41, 73). B. kamerunensis sp. nov. can be easily distinguished by the brighter coloration of pronotum and elytra, which are also stronger microsculptured than in B. laevicollis.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Barombiella laevicollis m, V. Laboissière—Det. / Musée du Congo, Rutshuru, May 1937, J. Ghesquiere, 4521 / Type laevicollis / Holotypus / Type / R. Det. A 3922’ (MRAC); Congo: 1°11∞S/29°27∞E; examined. P    : 1 ex., same data as holotype, ‘ paratypus; R. Det: C 3636’ (MRAC); examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Cameroon: 1 ex., Ebolowa, 3°54∞N/ 11°54E, 700 m, April 1912, v. Rothkirch (MNHU); 5 ex., Johann-Albrechtshöhe, 4°37∞N/ 9°26E, February 1896 – April 1898, L. Conradt (MNHU); 1 ex., Manusquelle, Kamerunberg, 2300 m, February 1935, Dr F. Zump (MNHU). Congo: 1 ex., Bambesa, 3°28∞N/25°43∞E, January 1934, H. J. Bredo (MRAC); 2 ex., Bambesa, May–October 1938, J. Vrydagh (MRAC); 1 ex., Beni a Lesse, 0°29∞N/29°27∞E, July 1911, Dr Murtula (MRAC); 1 ex., Bokuma, 0°6∞S/18°42∞E, December 1951, Rev. P. Lootens (MRAC); 2 ex., Dingila, 3°39∞N/26°4∞E, July–August 1933, J. V. Leroy (MRAC); 1 ex., Eala, 0°4∞N/18°17∞E, January 1936, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); 4 ex., Elisabethville, 11°40∞S/27°28∞E, November 1951 – February 1952 (1 ex.) / 1956–58 (3 ex.), a la lumiere, Ch. Seydel (MRAC); 1 ex., Ibembo, 2°38∞N/23°37∞E, June 1950, R. F. Hutsebaut (MRAC); 2 ex., Ilenge, 0°15∞S/20°35∞E, January 1918, R. Mayne (MRAC); 1 ex., Kalonge, 0°20∞N/29°48∞E, 2100–2480 m, August 1952, etage Bambous, P. Vanschuytbroeck and J. Kekenbosch (IRSNB); 1 ex., Kunungu, 2°6∞S/16°26∞E, 1938, Schouteden (MRAC); 2 ex., Libenge, 3°39∞N/18°38∞E, November 1947 – January 1948, R. Cremer and M. Neumann (IRSNB); 1 ex., Lusembo et env., 1950, P. Hostie (MRAC); 1 ex., Mondombe, 0°54∞S/22°48∞E, October 1912, R. Mayne (MRAC); 2 ex., Mongbwalu, 1°57∞N/30°2∞E, March–May 1939, Mme A. Lepersonne (MRAC); 1 ex., Mt Hoyoy, 1°13∞N/29°49∞E, 1280 m, July 1955, sur plantes basses, P. Vanschuytbroeck (IRSNB); 1 ex., Nouvelle Anvers, 1°36∞N/19°7∞E, December 1952, P. Basilewsky (MRAC); 1 ex., Rutshuru, 1285 m, July 1935, G. F. de Witte (IRSNB); 4 ex., Rwankwi, 1°20∞S/29°22∞E. April 1948 – February 1951, J. V. Leroy (MRAC); 1 ex., Semliki, 1°14∞N/30°28∞E, July 1957, P. Vanschuytbroeck (IRSNB); 1 ex., Stanleyville, 0°31∞N/25°11∞E, 1924, Lt J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); 1 ex., Yolo, June 1937, Buckinckx (MRAC). Tanzania: 1 ex., Kidugala, 9°34∞S/34°40∞E (IRSNB); 1 ex., Terr. Tanganyika, Mziha, 5°34∞S/37°47∞E, 400 m, I. R. S. A. C., April 1957, P. Basilewsky and N. Leleup (MRAC). Uganda: 7 ex., Masindi, Budongo Forest, 1°45∞N/31°35∞E, July 1995, Th. Wagner (ZFMK).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439249FF80FE62FEE675151AC4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB7343924BFFBFFD80FA6275801EC1.text	03DB7343924BFFBFFD80FA6275801EC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides jacksoni (Bryant 1953) Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides jacksoni (Bryant, 1953); comb. nov.</p> <p>Monolepta jacksoni Bryant, 1953: 864.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 4.6–5.9 mm (mean: 5.17 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillarx palpus black, frons and vertex dark metallic blue. Antenna short, extending towards end of mesosternum (figure 44). Antennal articles short and broad, dark brown to black, first three articles paler. Antennal article 3 about 30% longer than antennal article 2 (figure 45), A2/A3: 0.64–0.70 (mean: 0.66); antennal article 4 not longer than articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.69–0.85 (mean: 0.75). Eyes small (figure 44), WE/DE: 0.43–0.65 (mean: 0.52).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue. PL: 0.8–1.0 mm (mean: 0.91 mm), PW: 1.4–1.9 mm (mean: 1.57 mm), PL/PW: 0.53–0.64 (mean: 0.58). EL: 3.5–4.6 mm (mean: 4.01 mm), EW: 2.2–2.9 mm (mean: 2.47 mm), EW/EL: 0.48–0.70 (mean: 0.62). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, metatibia more than twice as long as metatarsus (figure 44), TA/TI: 0.39–0.48 (mean: 0.42).</p> <p>Abdomen. Black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe broad, nearly parallel-sided, narrowed in apical quarter only (figure 47). Orifice broad and nearly rectangular, tectum very short. Endophallus with broad base and two very long right-curved spiculae; base of spiculae large. Endophallic brush small, protruding apical part of ductus ejaculatorius long and not covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with slender nodulus, homogeneously converging towards short and straight middle part; cornu long and strongly curved (figure 46).</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded only from southern Kenya (figure 48).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides jacksoni is most similar to other metallic blue species of median size, like B. laevicollis, B. virens and B. montana sp. nov. (figures 30, 39, 75). It can be distinguished by the short and broad antennal articles, especially by the shape of article 4 (figure 45), which is much longer and more slender in B. laevicollis, B. virens and B. montana sp. nov. (figures 31, 40, 76; mean A3/A 4 in B. jacksoni is 0.75, in B. virens 0.55, in B. laevicollis 0.50, in B. montana sp. nov. 0.54). Species with similar-sized antenna, like B. laboissierei nom. nov., B. trispiculata sp. nov. and B. gambiae sp. nov. (figures 35, 55, 91) are smaller than B. jacksoni (mean total length in B. jacksoni is 5.17 mm, B. laboissierei nom. nov. 4.15 mm, B. trispiculata sp. nov. 4.34 mm, B. gambiae sp. nov. 4.24 mm). B. kirschi and B. montana sp. nov., the only species occur syntopically with B. jacksoni, can be distinguished by the median lobe. It is rather similar in B. jacksoni and B. kirschi, but the spiculae are right-curved in the first and left-curved in the latter species. B. montana sp. nov. has a unique and unmistakeable, very elongated and apically narrowed median lobe (figures 20, 47, 78).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H  : W ‘ Monolepta jacksoni Bryant, Det. G. E. Brayant / Stony Athi, E. A. U., Nat: Hist: Soc: Biol: Survey, 5-40 / Pres. by Com. Inst. Ent., B.M. 1953-358 / Type H.T.’ (BMNH); Kenya: 1°35∞S/37°0∞E; examined. P : 8 ex., same data label as holotype (BMNH (6 ex.) / NMK (1 ex.) / NMNH (1 ex.)); 2 ex., same data label as holotype, ‘4-40’ (BMNH); examined.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p>Kenya: 96 ex., same data label as holotype, ‘4-40 (2 ex.) / 5-40 (30 ex.) / 6-40 (64 ex.)’ (NMK); 1 ex., Chyulu Hills, 2°41∞S/37°53∞E, 1900 m, June 1888 (BMNH); 1 ex., Nairobi Park, 1°22∞S/37°0∞ E, D. G. Furth (NMNH).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB7343924BFFBFFD80FA6275801EC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439274FFBDFDD5FE6674211A64.text	03DB73439274FFBDFDD5FE6674211A64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides budongoensis Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides budongoensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 4.8–5.2 mm (mean: 5.08 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black; frons and vertex dull metallic green or purple. Antenna black, short, extending towards end of metasternum (figure 49), first three antennal articles dark brown, rarely paler. Antennal article 3 about 30% longer than article 2 (figure 50), A2/A3: 0.64–0.70 (mean: 0.67); article 4 not longer than articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.60–0.77 (mean: 0.68). Eyes small, frons broad (figure 49), WE/DE: 0.56–0.58 (mean: 0.57).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dull metallic green or purple. PL: 0.7–0.8 mm (mean: 0.79), PW: 1.5–1.7 mm (mean: 1.60 mm), PL/PW: 0.47–0.52 (mean: 0.49). EL: 3.7–4.2 mm (mean: 3.99 mm), EW: 2.0– 2.3 mm (mean: 2.23 mm), EW/EL: 0.53–0.58 (mean: 0.56). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, metatibia about twice as long as metatarsus (figure 49), TA/TI: 0.48–0.51 (mean: 0.50).</p> <p>Abdomen. Black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe broad, parallel-sided from orifice towards tectum, than homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 52); orifice broad and ovate, tectum small and slender. Base of endophallus in lateral view strongly hooked (figure 52A); two small, curved spiculae in the middle of the endophallus. Apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius very long, extending towards apical quarter of median lobe and not covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with expanded nodulus, middle part short, straight, cornu slightly curved, expanded in middle (figure 51).</p> <p>Distribution. Distributed in montane regions of the Albertine Rift in Kivu, Rwanda and Uganda (figure 53).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides budongoensis sp. nov. is most similar in coloration and habitus to B. virens and B. nitida sp. nov. (figures 30, 49, 79), and most similar in male genitalia to B. marcoi sp. nov. (figure 74), but the latter species can be distinguished by the colour of pronotum and elytra, which is metallic blue in B. marcoi sp. nov., and dull metallic green or purple in B. budongoensis sp. nov. Furthermore, the eyes in B. marcoi sp. nov. are much larger than in B. budongoensis sp. nov. (figures 49, 71; mean WE/DE in B. marcoi sp. nov. 0.78, B. budongoensis sp. nov. 0.57). The differentiation between the other species mentioned is also possible by coloration: B. virens is metallic green or purple, B. nitida sp. nov. very shining metallic green, while B. budongoensis sp. nov. is much duller. Furthermore, these species can be distinguished by the median lobe. In B. nitida sp. nov. it is much more slender, both spiculae are right-curved and the protruding apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius is shorter than in B. budongoensis sp. nov., where the apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejacolatorius is very long and the endophallus is strongly hooked at base (figures 52, 82). In B. virens, the base of the endophallus is not hooked and the protruding apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius is very short (figure 33). The spiculae in B. virens are long and right-curved, in B. budongoensis sp. nov. short, one is left-curved, the other one right-curved.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides budongoensis / Bonesioides budongoensis Freund &amp; Wagner 2000 / Coll. Mus. Congo, N. Lac Kivu: Rwankwi, XII.1951, J. V. Leroy’ (MRAC); Congo: 1°20∞S/29°22∞E. P: Congo: 1 ex., Kalonge, 0°20∞N/29°48∞E, July 1937, H. J. Bredo (MRAC); 2 ex., Kyandolire, 0°20∞S/29°5∞E, 1780 m, October 1952, P. Vanschuytbroeck and J. Kekenbosch (IRSNB); 2 ex., Rwankwi, 1°20∞S/29°22∞E, January 1944, J. V. Leroy; Récolté sur vieille souche Erythrina (MRAC); 1 ex., Rwankwi, March 1948, J. V. Leroy (MRAC); 33 ex., same data as holotype, November–December 1947 (2 ex.) / July–December 1951 (31 ex.), J. V. Leroy (MRAC). Rwanda: 1 ex., Muhavura, 1°23∞S/29°40∞E, 2100 m, January 1953, P. Basilewsky (MRAC); 1 ex., Forêt Rugege, 1°30∞S/29°20∞E, 2150 m, dans l’humus, April 1951, N. Leleup (MRAC). Uganda: 2 ex., Budongo Forest, Unyoro, 1°45∞N/31°35∞E, 3400 ft, December 1911, S. A. Neave (BMNH); 1 ex., Bugoma Forest, Unyoro, 1°45∞N/31°35∞E, 3700 ft, December 1912, S. A. Neave (BMNH); 1 ex., Kibale Forest, 0°30∞N/30°25∞E, October 1983, M. Nummelin (NCHU); 2 ex., Mitiana, 0°10∞N/32°32∞E, 3800 ft, January 1912, S. A. Neave (BMNH); 1 ex., Mpanga Forest, Toro, 1°15∞N/31°6∞E, 4800 ft, November 1911, S. A. Neave (BMNH).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439274FFBDFDD5FE6674211A64	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439276FFBBFDF0FA8374C91D07.text	03DB73439276FFBBFDF0FA8374C91D07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides gambiae Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides gambiae sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 4.0– 4.4 mm (mean: 4.24 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black, frons and vertex dark metallic blue. Antenna extending towards end of metasternum (figure 54). Antennal articles black, first three articles rarely paler. Antennal article 3 about 50% longer than antennal article 2 (figure 55), A2/A3: 0.63 (mean: 0.63); antennal article 4 longer than antennal articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.53–0.62 (mean: 0.57). Eyes large (figure 54), WE/DE: 0.66–0.70 (mean: 0.68).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue. PL: 0.7–0.8 mm (mean: 0.73 mm), PW: 1.2–1.3 mm (mean: 1.26 mm), PL/PW: 0.56–0.60 (mean: 0.58). EL: 3.0– 3.4 mm (mean: 3.26 mm), EW: 1.8–2.0 mm (mean: 1.90 mm), EW/EL: 0.56–0.62 (mean: 0.58). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, metatibia more than twice as long as metatarsus (figure 54), TA/TI: 0.44–0.50 (mean: 0.47).</p> <p>Abdomen. Black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe slender, homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 57). Orifice nearly circular, tectum short and slender. Endophallus slender with strongly hooked base. Spiculae very long, partly covered by tectum, other part protruding. Endophallic brush and apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius protruding, not covered by tectum and extending towards apical third of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with expanded nodulus, middle part short and straight, cornu short and slightly curved (figure 56).</p> <p>Distribution. Only known from Gambia (figure 38).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides gambiae sp. nov. is most similar to B. laboissierei nom. nov., B. trispiculata sp. nov. and B. kirschi, which are similar in size and habitus (figures 17, 39, 54, 90). The coloration of all of those species is dark metallic blue, and they can be only distinguished by distribution and structures of the male genitalia. The median lobe in B. gambiae sp. nov. is very similar to the median lobe in B. laboissierei nom. nov., but the endophallus is strongly hooked at the base (figure 57), while in B. laboissierei nom. nov. it is straight (figure 42). B. trispiculata sp. nov. can be clearly distinguished by the three spiculae in the endophallus (figure 92). The median lobe in B. kirschi is broad, the tectum and the protruding apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius are short (figure 20), while the median lobe in B. gambiae sp. nov. is much more slender, the tectum and the protruding apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejacolatorius are very long. B. gambiae sp. nov. is recorded only from Gambia, while the other mentioned species mainly occur in Central and South Africa (figure 38).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H  : W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides gambiae / Gambia, Brikama, C. R. Wallace, 20.VIII.56, C. I. E. coll. 15208 / Pres. by Com. Inst. Ent. B. M. 1957-302’ (BMNH); Gambia: 13°15∞N/16°39∞W. P  : Gambia: 2 ex., same data label as holotype (BMNH); 3 ex., Mbuko, July 1956, C. R. Wallace (BMNH); 9 ex., Gambia, July–September 1927 (BMNH).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439276FFBBFDF0FA8374C91D07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439270FFB8FDF7FD0B751119A5.text	03DB73439270FFB8FDF7FD0B751119A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides godzilla Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides godzilla sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 8.9–9.5 mm (mean: 9.1 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus dark brown to black; frons and vertex either dark metallic blue or metallic black. Eyes small, frons broad (figure 58); WE/DE: 0.44–0.51 (mean: 0.47). Antenna dark blue to black, extending towards end of mesosternum (figure 58). Antennal articles short and broad (figure 59), A2/A3: 0.61–0.69 (mean: 0.65), article 4 shorter than 2 and 3 combined, ratio article 3 to 4: 0.64–0.71 (mean: 0.68).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue to metallic black. Pronotum long and broad, PL: 1.6–1.7 mm (mean: 1.62 mm), PW: 2.9–3.2 mm (mean: 3.05 mm), PL/PW: 0.50–0.55 (mean: 0.53). Elytra nearly parallel-sided from humeri towards the apex of elytra. EW: 3.8–4.4 mm (mean: 4.07 mm), EL: 6.6–7.2 mm (mean 6.80 mm), EW/EL: 0.58–0.61 (mean: 0.60). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs dark metallic blue to metallic black. Metatibia about twice as long as metatarsus (figure 58), TA/TI: 0.43–0.50 (mean: 0.46).</p> <p>Abdomen. Dark metallic blue to metallic black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 61). Orifice very broad, nearly rectangular at base. Tectum short and broad, wide open in lateral view. Endophallus slender, with two small spiculae. Protruding apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius and large endophallic brush partly covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with slightly expanded nodulus, short middle part and slightly curved, nearly straight cornu, with a sharper bend near apex (figure 60).</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded from Congo and Ghana (figure 11).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides godzilla sp. nov. is similar to B. coerulea and B. caerulea (figures 7, 26). The pronotum of B. godzilla sp. nov. is much broader (figure 58), the antennal articles are shorter and broader (figure 59). The PW is largest in B. godzilla sp. nov. (2.95–3.20 mm), while smaller in B. coerulea (2.4–2.6 mm) and B. caerulea sp. nov. (2.1–2.4 mm). The elytra in B. godzilla sp. nov. are nearly parallelsided from humeri apically (figure 58), while in B. coerulea and B. caerulea elytra expanded apically (figures 7, 26). B. godzilla sp. nov. is the largest of all Bonesioides species known. The total length ranges between 8.9 and 9.5 mm, while B. caerulea has a maximum length of 7.9 mm and B. coerulea of 8.6 mm.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides godzilla / Bonesioides godzilla Freund &amp; Wagner 2000 / Bonesioides coerulea All. G. E. Bryant det. 1951 / Congo belge P. N. U., R. Kateke (s. aff. I. Lufira), 960 m, 23-XI–5-XII 1947, Miss G. F. de Witte: 1093a’ (IRSNB); Congo: 9°4∞S/26°43∞E. P: Congo: 1 ex., Kisangani, 0°33∞N/25°14∞E, March 1972, J. Taverniers (MRAC). Ghana: 1 ex., Asente Akem, 6°45∞N/1°30∞W, Junod, coll. Clavareau (MRAC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439270FFB8FDF7FD0B751119A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439272FFB7FDFAFF07747E1BE7.text	03DB73439272FFB7FDFAFF07747E1BE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides jacobyi Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides jacobyi sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 5.7–7.0 mm (mean: 6.35 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus dark brown to black; frons and vertex metallic green or blue. Antenna long, dark brown to black (figure 62). Antennal article 4 longer than articles 2 and 3 combined (figure 63), A3/A4: 0.44–0.56 (mean: 0.49); article 3 slightly longer than article 2, A2/A3: 0.60–0.77 (mean: 0.70). Eyes very large (figure 62), WE/DE: 0.72–0.97 (mean: 0.91).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra shining metallic green or blue. PL: 1.0– 1.1 mm (mean: 1.05 mm), PW: 1.7–2.1 mm (mean: 1.96 mm), PL/PW: 0.50–0.59 (mean: 0.54). EL: 4.5–5.6 mm (mean: 5.05 mm), EW: 2.4–3.2 mm (mean: 2.83 mm), ratio elytral width to length: 0.46–0.63 (mean: 0.56). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, TA/TI: 0.44–0.57 (mean: 0.52).</p> <p>Abdomen. Dark brown to black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe very slender, laterally compressed in middle (figure 65). Orifice nearly circular, tectum slender and long. Endophallus slender, with two very small spiculae, one of them very tiny. Large endophallic brush and slightly protuding apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius partly covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with small nodulus, middle part and cornu very slender, long and strongly curved (figure 64).</p> <p>Distribution. Distributed from Cameroon and Gabon through the Congo Basin towards Uganda and Tanzania (figure 66).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides jacobyi sp. nov. is most similar to B. coerulea and B. caerulea (figures 7, 26). Green-coloured specimen of B. jacobyi sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from the blue-coloured B. coerulea and B. caerulea. Blue specimens may cause confusion, but such of B. jacobyi sp. nov. are smaller than those of other species. Total length of B. jacobyi sp. nov. is 5.7–7.0 mm (B. coerulea: 8.0– 8.6 mm, B. caerulea: 6.8–7.9 mm). The eyes in B. jacobyi sp. nov. are much larger and the antenna are longer than in B. caerulea (figures 26, 62; WE/DE in B. jacobyi sp. nov. 0.72–0.97, B. caerulea 0.47–0.60). Furthermore, the median lobe in B. coerulea and B. caerulea is very broad and the spiculae are very large (figures 10, 29), while the median lobe in B. jacobyi sp. nov. is much more slender and the spiculae are much smaller (figure 65).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides jacobyi / Bonesioides jacobyi Freund &amp; Wagner 2000 / Uganda, District Masindi, Budongo Forest n. Sonso, 19.-30.VI.1995, Th. Wagner leg.’ (ZFMK); Uganda: 1°45∞N/31°35∞E. P: Cameroon: 1 ex., Joh. Alb. Höhe, 4°40∞N/9°25∞E, September–October 1898, L. Conradt S. (MNHU); 1 ex., Joh. Alb. Höhe, 4°40∞N/9°25∞E, August 1998, L. Conradt S. (MNHU); 1 ex., Lolodorf, 3°17∞N/10°50∞E, February–March 1995, L. Conradt (MNHU); 3 ex., Mt Kala, 3°40∞N/11°35∞E, March 1973, Darge (MRAC). Congo: 1 ex., riv. Abia, 0°44∞N/29°48∞E, 4 July 1957, 695 m, P. Vanschuytbroeck (IRSNB); 1 ex., Beni a Lesse, 0°29∞N/29°27∞E, July 1911, Dr Murtula (MRAC); 1 ex., Eala, 0°4∞N/18°17∞E, April 1936, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); 7 ex., Kisangani, 0°33∞N/25°14∞E, March 1971 – February 1972, J. Taverniers (MRAC); 2 ex., Libenge, 3°39∞N/18°38∞E, October–November 1974, R. Cremer and M. Naumann (IRSNB); 1 ex., Lulonga, 0°37∞N/18°23∞E, February 1949, G. Marlier (MRAC); 1 ex., route Watalinga (entre riv. Lesse et Semliki), 0°50∞N/30°0∞E, 695 m, plège lumineux, July 1957, P. Vanschuytbroeck (IRSNB); 2 ex., Yindi, 1°35∞N/27°40∞E, October 1948 – May 1949, A. E. Bertrand (MRAC); 2 ex., 180 km W from Bukavu, May 1988, Hung. Sci. Africa Exp. ‘Telekei’, A. Vojnits (HNHM). Congo-Brazzaville: 2 ex., Bangui, 4°23∞N/18°37∞E, July 1959 (MRAC); 13 ex., Odzala Nat. Park, 0°23∞N/14°50∞E, 400–500 m, Jnauary– March 1997, S. Murzin and V. Siniaev (CBe). Gabon: 1 ex., Woleu-Ntern, Tchimbele, 0.37N / 10.24E, 600 m, January 1990, J. J. Wieringa (CBe); 1 ex., Moyen-Ogooué, Ndjolé, riverbank, 0.12S / 10.45E, April 1992, J. J. Wieringa (CBe). Tanzania: 1 ex., Usambara, 4°45∞S/38°2∞E, 850 m, September–October 1891, L. Conradt (MNHU). Uganda: 1 ex., Bwamba, 0°43∞N/30°4∞E, June 1948, van Someren (BMNH).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439272FFB7FDFAFF07747E1BE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB7343927CFFB5FDD7FB0375CF1EE0.text	03DB7343927CFFB5FDD7FB0375CF1EE0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides kamerunensis Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides kamerunensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 4.8–5.8 mm (mean: 5.4 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black, rarely with brown apex. Frons and vertex dull metallic blue. Antenna black, extending towards middle of elytra (figure 67). Antennal article 3 twice as long as article 2 (figure 68), A2/A3: 0.46–0.54 (mean: 0.51); antennal article 4 about 20% longer than article 3, A3/A4: 0.77–0.87 (mean: 0.81). Eyes small (figure 67), WE/DE: 0.54–0.65 (mean: 0.58).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dull metallic blue. PL: 0.7–0.9 mm (mean: 0.80 mm), PW: 1.5–1.7 mm (mean: 1.63 mm), PL/PW: 0.47–0.52 (mean: 0.49). EL: 3.7–4.6 mm (mean: 4.25 mm), EW: 2.2–2.8 mm (mean: 2.52 mm), EW/EL: 0.56–0.61 (mean: 0.59). Mesothorax and metathorax dull metallic blue, legs black with dark brown coxa. Metatibia about twice as long as metatarsus (figure 67), TA/TI: 0.50–0.54 (mean: 0.52).</p> <p>Abdomen. Dull metallic blue.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe slender, homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 70). Orifice nearly rectangular, tectum slender and short. Endophallus with slender base and two long spiculae. Apical part of spiculae is more sclerotized than distal part. Endophallic brush small, protruding apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius long and not covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with insignificantly expanded nodulus, middle part nearly straight, cornu short and slightly curved (figure 69).</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded only from Cameroon (figure 43).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The only similar species, which occurs syntopically with Bonesioides kamerunensis sp. nov., is B. laevicollis. Both species can be distinguished by the brighter coloration of pronotum and elytra in B. kamerunensis sp. nov., which has also much stronger microsculptured elytra. The eyes in B. laevicollis are much larger than in B. kamerunensis sp. nov. (figures 39, 67; mean WE/DE in B. laevicollis 0.72, in B. kamerunensis sp. nov. 0.58). Furthermore, B. kamerunensis sp. nov. has longer antennal articles than B. laevicollis (figures 40, 68), where the second and third antennal article are nearly of same length, and article 4 is longer than articles 2 and 3 combined (mean A2/A 3 in B. kamerunensis sp. nov. 0.51, B. laevicollis 0.83; mean A3/A 4 in B. kamerunensis sp. nov. 0.81, B. laevicollis 0.50).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H : W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides kamerunensis / Kamerun, Soppo, February 1912, v. Rothkirch S. G. ’ (MNHU); Cameroon: 4°9∞N/9°17∞E. P  : Cameroon: 8 ex., same data label as holotype (MNHU); 2 ex., Mt Cameroon, Jonga, 4°12∞N/9°11∞E, 5000 ft, among scrub, February 1932, M. Steele (BMNH); 2 ex., Kamerunberg, Musake, 4°10∞N/9°10∞E, 1400–1700 m, v. Rothkirch S. G. (MNHU); 1 ex., Neu-Kamerun, Tessmann (MNHU).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB7343927CFFB5FDD7FB0375CF1EE0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB7343927EFFB3FDF8FE0672091E40.text	03DB7343927EFFB3FDF8FE0672091E40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides marcoi Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides marcoi sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 4.2–6.0 mm (mean: 4.93 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black, frons and vertex dark metallic blue. Antenna black, antennal articles 2 and 3 brown; antenna extending towards end of metasternum (figure 71). Antennal article 3 nearly twice as long as antennal article 2 (figure 72), A2/A3: 0.55–0.60 (mean: 0.58); antennal article 4 nearly as long as articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.63–0.70 (mean: 0.65). Eyes large (figure 71), WE/DE: 0.67–0.90 (mean: 0.78).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue. PL: 0.7–0.9 mm (mean: 0.81), PW: 1.2–1.8 mm (mean: 1.49 mm), PL/PW: 0.50–0.68 (mean: 0.55). EL: 3.2–4.8 mm (mean: 3.82 mm), EW: 2.0– 2.8 mm (mean: 2.25 mm), EW/EL: 0.57–0.63 (mean: 0.59). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, metatibia more than twice as long as metatarsus (figure 71), TA/TI: 0.45–0.52 (mean: 0.47).</p> <p>Abdomen. Black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe broad, parallel-sided from orifice towards the tectum, then continuously narrowed apically (figure 74). Orifice broad and ovate, tectum small and slender. Base of endophallus in lateral view strongly hooked (figure 74A). Endophallus with two curved spiculae, covered by the tectum. Apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius is very long, extending towards the apical quarter of the median lobe and is not covered by the tectum. Endophallic brush is close to the apex of the ductus ejaculatorius.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with slightly expanded nodulus, middle part short, broad and nearly straight, cornu short, slender and slightly curved (figure 73).</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded from Congo, Burundi and Uganda (figure 43).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides marcoi sp. nov. is most similar to B. budongoensis sp. nov. (figure 49). It can be distinguished by the metallic blue coloration, which is dull metallic green or purple in B. budongoensis sp. nov. Male genitalia of both species are not distinguishable (figures 52, 74). The most significant external parameter to distinguish both species is the size of the eyes. These are much larger in B. marcoi sp. nov. than in B. budongoensis sp. nov. (figures 49, 71), and also larger than in B. laevicollis and in B. virens (figures 30, 39), which are further species similar to B. marcoi sp. nov. (mean WE/DE in B. marcoi sp. nov. 0.78, B. virens 0.60, B. laevicollis 0.71, B. budongoensis sp. nov. 0.57). The endophallic base of the median lobe in B. marcoi sp. nov. is strongly hooked and the protruding apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius is very long (figure 74), while the endophallic base in B. laevicollis and in B. virens is straight and the protruding part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius is much shorter (figures 33, 42).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides marcoi / Bonesioides marcoi Freund / Wagner 2000 / Coll. Mus. Congo, Stan.: Banguru / Bafwasende, 1952, Abbeloos’ (MRAC); Congo: 0°27∞N/27°17∞E. P: Burundi: 1 ex., Lac Tanganyka, Nyanza, 4°20∞S/29°36∞E, January 1933, L. Burgeon (MRAC). Congo: 1 ex., Babeyru, 1°52∞N/27°27∞E, August 1948, A. Dufrane (MRAC); 1 ex., Bambesa, 3°28∞N/25°43∞E, January 1939, J. Vrydagh (IRSNB); 1 ex., Beni a Lesse, 0°29∞N/29°27∞E, July 1911, Dr Murtula (MRAC); 1 ex., Bitale, 2°11∞S/28°36∞E, 1800 m, August 1952, R. Mayne (MRAC); 1 ex., Bokote, 0°5∞S/20°8∞E, December 1917, R. Mayne (MRAC); 1 ex., Bumbuli, 2°54∞S/20°4∞E, April 1915, R. Mayne (MRAC); 2 ex., Eala, 0°4∞N/18°17∞E, January–July 1936, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); 1 ex., Eala, February 1917, R. Mayne (MRAC); 1 ex., Ikela, 0°4∞N/22°4∞E, November 1956, R. P. Lootens (MRAC); 1 ex., Ilenge, 0°25∞S/20°46∞E, Janauary 1918, R. Mayne (MRAC); 1 ex., Lisala, 2°9∞N/21°31∞E, December 1952, P. Basilewsky (MRAC); 1 ex., Madyu, 2°54∞N/29°27∞E, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 2 ex., Mayumbe, 2°30∞N/27°37∞E, Janaury 1916 (1 ex.)/ July 1917 (1 ex.), R. Mayne (MRAC); 1 ex., Nioka, 2°10∞N/30°39’R, May 1954, J. Hecq (MRAC); 3 ex., Ongoka, 1°23∞S/26°2∞E, April–September 1953, J. Pantos (MRAC); 1 ex., Rutshuru, 1°11∞S/29°27∞E, Janaury 1937, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); 1 ex., Yangambi, 0°47∞N/24°28∞E, June 1948, P. L. G. Benoit (MRAC); 1 ex., Yangambi, June–July 1952, R. Mayne (MRAC); 2 ex., Yangambi, Fauchage en foret, October–November 1951, J. Decelle (MRAC). Uganda: 2 ex., Ngowa, 1°2∞N/33°28∞E. November 1938 – April 1939, R. P. J. Mertens (IRSNB); 2 ex., Semuliki NP, 0°48∞N/30°9∞E, 670 m, February 1997, U. Göllner and Th. Wagner (MNHU, ZFMK).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB7343927EFFB3FDF8FE0672091E40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439278FFB0FDF2FEE672481ADB.text	03DB73439278FFB0FDF2FEE672481ADB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides montana Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides montana sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 4.4–5.6 mm (mean: 5.24 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black, frons and vertex dark metallic green or blue. Antenna black and long, extending towards distal third of elytra (figure 75). Antennal articles 2 and 3 short (figure 76), ratio article 2 to 3: 0.58–0.78 (mean: 0.68), antennal article 4 longer than articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.52–0.60 (mean: 0.54). Eyes large (figure 75), WE/DE: 0.60–0.75 (mean: 0.68).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue or green. PL: 0.8–0.9 mm (mean: 0.86 mm), PW: 1.4–1.7 mm (mean: 1.60 mm), PL/PW: 0.47–0.59 (mean: 0.54). EL: 3.2–4.6 mm (mean: 4.19 mm), EW: 2.2–2.6 mm (mean: 2.41 mm), EW/EL: 0.51–0.75 (mean: 0.58). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, metatibia on average twice as long as metatarsus (figure 75), TA/TI: 0.45–0.52 (mean: 0.49).</p> <p>Abdomen. Black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe very slender, parallel-sided from orifice towards tectum, apical third also nearly parallel-sided, but much more slender (figure 78). Orifice broad and nearly rectangular at base, tectum long and slender. Endophallus with two long, left-curved spiculae, which are large at base. Endophallic brush and apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius covered by tectum, only gonoporus slightly protruding.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with slightly expanded nodulus, middle part short and nearly straight, cornu strongly hooked at apex (figure 77).</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded from montane regions of Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania (figure 48).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides montana sp. nov. is most similar to B. laevicollis and B. marcoi sp. nov. (figures 39, 71). B. montana sp. nov. has smaller eyes than those species (mean WE/DE: 0.68, but 0.72 in B. laevicollis and 0.78 in B. marcoi sp. nov.). Elytra in B. montana sp. nov. are nearly parallel-sided from humeri towards the apex (figure 75), while they are expanded apically in B. laevicollis and B. marcoi sp. nov. (figures 39, 71). Furthermore, these species can be distinguished by shape of the male genitalia. The median lobe of B. montana sp. nov. is very slender and parallel-sided from orifice towards the tectum, the apical third is strongly narrowed and also nearly parallel-sided (figure 78), while in B. laevicollis and B. marcoi sp. nov. the median lobe is homogeneously narrowed from orifice towards the apex and is much broader (figures 42, 74). B. laevicollis and B. marcoi sp. nov. mainly occur in the Congo Basin (figure 43), while B. montana sp. nov. is restricted to the montane regions of East Africa (figure 48).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides montana / Bonesioides montana Freund &amp; Wagner 2000 / Monolepta ruwensorica Bry., G. E. Bryant det. 1958 / Coll. Mus. Congo, Kenya: Timboroa, 2800 m, prairies découvertes, 10.-IV.-1957 / Mission Zoolog. I. R. S. A. C. en Afrique orientale, P. Basilewsky et N. Leleup’ (MRAC); Kenya: 0°4∞N/35°33∞E. P: Ethiopia: 3 ex., Illubabor, 7°27∞N/35°10∞E, 1600 m, June 1973, G. de Rougemont (MRAC); 2 ex., Shoa Prov., Wolisso, 8°28∞N/37°55∞E, June 1971, G. de Rougemont (MRAC); 1 ex. Arussi Galla, 7°0∞N/38°40∞E, May 1993, V. Bottego (ZMUH). Kenya: 1 ex., Mt Kenia, ca 0°20∞S/37°15∞E, December 1949, Patrizi (IRSNB); 1 ex., Mt Kenya, ca 0°20∞S/37°30∞E, August–October 1927, A. Insoll. (BMNH); 1 ex., Molo, 0°15∞S/35°45∞E, December 1911, Alluaud and Jeannel (MNHN); 2 ex., S. A. L. Kenya, Janaury 1959, J. E. Graham (BMNH). Tanzania: 3 ex., Mts Uluguru, morning side, Toelo, 7°0∞S/37°40∞E, 1450 m, June 1971; Mission Mts Uluguru, Berger, Leleup, Debecker (MRAC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439278FFB0FDF2FEE672481ADB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB7343927BFFAEFD02FA4D723E1B07.text	03DB7343927BFFAEFD02FA4D723E1B07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides nitida Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides nitida sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 4.8–5.5 mm (mean: 5.17 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus black; frons and vertex dark metallic golden green. Antenna black, short, extending towards end of mesosternum (figure 79); first three antennal articles rarely dark brown. Antennal article 3 about 50% longer than article 2 (figure 80), A2/A3: 0.50–0.67 (mean: 0.60); antennal article 4 not longer than articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.61–0.71 (mean: 0.69). Eyes small (figure 79), WE/DE: 0.52–0.61 (mean: 0.55).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic golden green. PL: 0.7–0.9 mm (mean: 0.82 mm), PW: 1.5–1.7 mm (mean: 1.64 mm), PL/PW: 0.46–0.53 (mean: 0.50). EL: 3.8–4.3 mm (mean: 4.05 mm), EW: 2.4–2.7 mm (mean: 2.55 mm), EW/EL: 0.57–0.66 (mean: 0.63). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs black, metatibia about twice as long as metatarsus (figure 79), TA/TI: 0.47–0.51 (mean: 0.49).</p> <p>Abdomen. Black.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe slender, homogeneously narrowed apically, with a contraction at beginning of apical third (figure 82). Base of orifice nearly rectangular, tectum short and slender. Endophallus with a large sclerotized base and two rightcurved spiculae; endophallic brush and apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius protruding, not covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with slender nodulus, homogeneously converging towards short and straight middle part; cornu varying in length and curvature (figure 81).</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded from montane regions of the Albertine Rift in Kivu (figure 53).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides nitida sp. nov. is most similar to B. virens and B. budongoensis sp. nov. (figures 30, 49), but can be distinguished by the colour of pronotum and elytra. B. nitida sp. nov. has a metallic golden green coloration, while B. budongoensis sp. nov. is much duller and B. virens has a brighter metallic green or purple coloration. Furthermore, the antenna as a whole and the antennal articles in detail in B. virens are much longer than in B. nitida sp. nov (figures 31, 50). Males can be distinguished by the median lobe, which is much more slender in B. nitida sp. nov. than in B. budongoensis sp. nov. or B. virens (figures 33, 52, 82). The endophallus in B. nitida sp. nov. is not hooked at base like in B. budongoensis sp. nov., the endophallic brush and the apical part of the ductus ejaculatorius is larger and more protruding than in B. virens.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides nitida / Bonesioides nitida Freund &amp; Wagner 2000 / Congo belge: P. N. A., 23-VII-1953, P. Vanschuytbroeck &amp; V. Hendrickx, 4680 / Massif Ruwenzori, Kalonge, 2080 m’ (IRSNB); Congo: 0°20∞N/29°48∞E. P: Congo: 1 ex., Butagu Valley, 0°21∞N/29°43∞E, 2000 m, November 1931, Mme L. Lebrun (MRAC); 3 ex., P. N. A., Ihongero, 0°20∞N/29°45∞E, 2480 m, September 1952 – January 1953, P. Vanschuytbroeck and J. Kekenbosch (IRSNB); 1 ex., P. N. A., river Kalivina, 2350 m, April 1955, P. Vanschuytbroeck and R. Fonteyne (IRSNB); 5 ex., P. N. A., Kalonge, 2120 m, July 1952 – February 1953, P. Vanschuytbroeck and J. Kekenbosch (IRSNB); 1 ex., same data label as holotype (IRSNB); 1 ex., P. N. A., Kyandolire, Camp des Gardes, 1700 m, October 1952, P. Vanschuytbroeck and J. Kekenbosch (IRSNB); 1 ex., Lulenga, 1°25∞S/29°23∞E, November 1925, Dr H. Schouteden (MRAC); 1 ex., P. N. A., Mt Hoyo, 1°13∞N/29°49∞E, 1280 m, July 1955, P. Vanschuytbroeck (IRSNB); 4 ex., Nzombe, 3°11∞S/28°32∞E, 2000 m, August–September 1950, Froidebise (MRAC); 1 ex., Mwenga, 3°2∞S/28°26∞E, 2250 m, February 1957, N. Leleup (MRAC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB7343927BFFAEFD02FA4D723E1B07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439265FFACFDFEFB2374641EC1.text	03DB73439265FFACFDFEFB2374641EC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides pusilla Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides pusilla sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 3.6–4.1 mm (mean: 3.93 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus dark brown to black, frons and vertex dark metallic green. Antenna dark brown to black, extending towards end of metasternum (figure 83). Antennal article 3 slightly longer than article 2 (figure 84), A2/A3: 0.71–0.86 (mean: 0.75); antennal article 4 longer than articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.50–0.53 (mean: 0.51). Eyes large, frons broad (figure 83), WE/DE: 0.53–0.63 (mean: 0.56).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic green. PL: 0.5–0.7 mm (mean: 0.62 mm), PW: 1.1–1.3 mm (mean: 1.20 mm), PL/PW: 0.50–0.54 (mean: 0.52). EL: 2.8–3.2 mm (mean: 3.06 mm), EW: 1.5–1.9 mm (mean: 1.68 mm), EW/EL: 0.51–0.59 (mean: 0.55). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs dark metallic green, TA/TI: 0.49–0.56 (mean: 0.53).</p> <p>Abdomen. Dark metallic green.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe slender and nearly parallel-sided from orifice towards the apical third, which is strongly narrowed (figure 86). Orifice nearly rectangular, tectum long and slender. Endophallus with broad base and two large spiculae, one left-curved spiculum, the other one right-curved and slightly shorter. Small endophallic brush and short, slightly protruding, apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius mostly covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca with slightly expanded nodulus, middle part and cornu short and straight, nearly right-angled; cornu with sharper bend at apex (figure 85).</p> <p>Distribution. Only known from one location in Kenya (figure 48).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides pusilla sp. nov. is similar to green specimens of B. virens and B. montana sp. nov., but can be easily distinguished by the size (figures 30, 75). It is the smallest Bonesioides species known, the mean total length of B. pusilla sp. nov. is 3.93 mm (B. virens 5.23 mm, B. montana sp. nov. 5.24 mm). Furthermore, it can be distinguished from B. montana sp. nov., by apically expanded elytra (figure 83), which are nearly parallel-sided from humeri towards the apex of the elytra in B. montana sp. nov. (figure 75). The antenna in B. pusilla sp. nov. are shorter than in B. virens and B. montana sp. nov. (figures 30, 75, 83). Antennal article 2 and 3 in B. pusilla sp. nov. is nearly of same length (figure 84), while it is longer in both other species mentioned (figures 31, 76; mean A2/A 3 in B. pusilla sp. nov. 0.75, B. virens 0.59, B. montana sp. nov. 0.68). Those species can also be distinguished by examination of the median lobe. In B. pusilla sp. nov. it is slender and nearly parallel-sided from tectum towards the apex (figure 86), while in B. virens it is homogeneously narrowed from orifice towards the apex (figure 33). The median lobe of B. montana sp. nov. is similar to B. pusilla sp. nov., but much larger (figure 78). B. montana sp. nov. occurs syntopically with B. pusilla sp. nov. (figure 48), while B. virens is restricted to the Albertine Rift in Kivu, Uganda and Rwanda (figure 53).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H  : W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides pusilla / Kenya: Amboseli, 7. VI.1980, leg. D. G. Furth’ (BMH); Kenya: 2°40∞S/37°17∞E. P  : 4 ex., same data label as holotype (BMH).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439265FFACFDFEFB2374641EC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439267FFADFDEBFE6672AC1C06.text	03DB73439267FFADFDEBFE6672AC1C06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides rubricollis Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides rubricollis sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 5.8–6.1 mm (mean: 6.13 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus, frons and vertex reddish brown to brown. Antenna pale brown to reddish brown, extending towards middle of elytra (figure 87). Last three to five antennal articles dark brown to black. Article 2 slightly shorter than article 3 (figure 88), A2/A3: 0.77–0.79 (mean: 0.78); article 4 longer than 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.53–0.54 (mean: 0.54). Eyes large (figure 87), WE/DE: 0.97–1.0 (mean: 0.99).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum reddish brown. PL: 1.0– 1.1 mm (mean: 1.03 mm), PW: 1.9–2.2 mm (mean: 2.0 mm), PL/PW: 0.50–0.53 (mean 0.52). Elytra dark green metallic, EL: 4.5–4.9 mm (mean: 4.73 mm), EW: 2.8–3.0 mm (mean: 2.87 mm), EW/EL: 0.58–0.62 (mean: 0.61). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs reddish brown, metatibia on average twice as long as metatarsus (figure 87), TA/TI: 0.46–0.52 (mean: 0.50).</p> <p>Abdomen. Reddish brown.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe slender, homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 89). Orifice nearly rectangular, tectum long and slender. Endophallus distally with two small spiculae. Large endophallic brush and slightly protruding apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius covered by tectum.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Female unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded from Nigeria and Ivory Coast (figure 66).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Can be easily identified by the reddish brown head, thorax and abdomen, and the dark green metallic elytra, a combination which does not occur in any other Bonesioides species. Most similar is B. purpureipennis, which is much larger, has metallic blue or purple elytra, and a much broader median lobe.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H : W ‘ Umudike, 10-IV-1960, J. L. Gregory; Nigeria: Pres. C. E. Tottenham., coll. J. L. Gregory, Brit. Mus. 1968-134.’ (BMNH); Nigeria: 5°41∞N/7°14∞E. P  : Nigeria: 1, near Benin, 6°19∞N/5°41∞E, April 1958, C. E. Tottenham, coll. J. L. Gregory (BMNH). Ivory Coast: 4, Bingerville, 5°20∞N/3°53∞E., 2 ex. February 1963, 1 ex. March 1963, 1 ex. March 1964, J. Decelle (MRAC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439267FFADFDEBFE6672AC1C06	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439266FFAAFDE0FC2075CE1BCA.text	03DB73439266FFAAFDE0FC2075CE1BCA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides trispiculata Freund & Wagner 2003	<div><p>Bonesioides trispiculata sp. nov.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Total length. 4.2–4.6 mm (mean: 4.34 mm).</p> <p>Head. Labrum, labial and maxillary palpus dark brown, frons and vertex dark metallic blue. Antenna dark brown, first three articles paler. Antennal article 3 about 50% longer than article 2 (figure 91), A2/A3: 0.60–0.67 (mean: 0.63); article 4 about same length of articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.60–0.67 (mean 0.63). Eyes large (figure 90), WE/DE: 0.67–0.70 (mean: 0.68).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue. PL: 0.7–0.8 mm (mean: 0.75 mm), PW: 1.2–1.5 mm (mean: 1.35 mm), PL/PW: 0.54–0.57 (mean: 0.56). EL: 3.2–3.6 mm (mean: 3.34 mm), EW: 1.9–2.2 mm (mean: 2.03 mm), EW/EL: 0.58–0.63 (mean: 0.61). Mesothorax, metathorax and legs dark metallic blue, metatibia about twice as long as metatarsus (figure 90), TA/TI: 0.48–0.49 (mean: 0.49).</p> <p>Abdomen. Dark metallic blue.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe slightly expanded medially, strongly narrowed from tectum towards apex (figure 92). Base of orifice rectangular, tectum broad and short. Endophallus with broad base and three spiculae, one protruding out of endophallus. Endophallic brush absent, protruding apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius very long, extending from tectum towards apex of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Female unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded from two locations in Central Congo (figure 38).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides trispiculata sp. nov. is very similar in coloration and size to B. gambiae sp. nov., B. kirschi and B. laboissierei nom. nov. (figures 17, 34, 54, 92), but can be unmistakeably identified by the peculiar pattern of the median lobe and the endophallus, since B. trispiculata sp. nov. is the only Bonesioides species, which has three endophallic spiculae (figure 92). The antennal articles in B. kirschi and B. laboissierei nom. nov. are shorter and broader than in B. trispiculata sp. nov. (figures 17, 34, 54). The eyes in B. trispiculata sp. nov. are larger than in B. kirschi (figures 17, 90; mean WE/DE in B. trispiculata sp. nov. 0.68, B. kirschi 0.59). Furthermore, B. trispiculata sp. nov. is restricted to Central Congo, while B. gambiae sp. nov. is restricted to Gambia and the other two species mainly occur in eastern and southern Africa (figure 38).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Holotypus Bonesioides trispiculata / Bonesioides trispiculata Freund &amp; Wagner 2000 / Musée du Congo, Bumbuli, I-IV-1915, R. Mayné’ (MRAC); Congo: 3°24∞S/20°31∞E. P: Congo: 2 ex., Yangambi, 0°47∞N/24°28∞E, November 1951, J. Decelle (MRAC); 1 ex., Yangambi (Stanleyville), 0°47∞N/24°28∞E, December 1958, P. Dessart (MRAC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439266FFAAFDE0FC2075CE1BCA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
03DB73439261FFA7FD86FB7C72971D1C.text	03DB73439261FFA7FD86FB7C72971D1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bonesioides purpureipennis Laboissiere 1925	<div><p>Bonesioides purpureipennis Laboissière, 1925: 60</p> <p>Bonesioides speciosa Laboissière, 1937: 169; syn. nov.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Total length. 8.5–9.3 mm (mean: 8.94 mm).</p> <p>Head. Frons, vertex, labrum, labial and maxillary palpus brown. Antenna extending towards end of metasternum (figure 93), antennal articles short, dark brown to black, first three articles reddish brown. A2/A3: 0.58–0.71 (mean: 0.64), antennal article 4 not longer than articles 2 and 3 combined (figure 94), A3/A4: 0.68–0.76 (mean: 0.72). Eyes large, with broad vertex (figure 93), WE/DE: 0.58–0.71 (mean: 0.63).</p> <p>Thorax. Thorax including pronotum and scutellum reddish brown; elytra metallic purple, in immature specimens brown with a touch of metallic purple. Type material of B. purpureipennis are immature specimens, while mature, well-sclerotized specimens are described as B. speciosa. External and also genitalic characters clearly show the synonymy. PL: 1.5–1.8 mm (mean: 1.64 mm), PW: 2.8–3.0 mm (mean: 2.85 mm), PL/PW: 0.55–0.59 (mean: 0.57). EL: 6.5–7.1 mm (mean: 6.80 mm), EW: 4.0– 4.2 mm (mean: 4.10 mm), EW/EL: 0.56–0.63 (mean: 0.60). Legs reddish brown, lobes of the third tarsal article dark brown, TA/TI: 0.42–0.47 (mean: 0.45).</p> <p>Abdomen. Reddish brown.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe broad, strongly narrowed from apical third towards the apex (figure 95). Orifice very broad at base, with a depression on the lower edge, tectum broad and short. Endophallus very broad with two long, left-curved spiculae, which are broad at base (figure 95A). Small endophallic brush and apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius very slightly protruding.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Female unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. Only few specimens known from Guinea-Bissau and Senegal (figure 16).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Bonesioides purpureipennis is most similar in size to B. coerulea, B. caerulea and B. dimidiata (figures 7, 12, 26), but can be unmistakeably identified by the different coloration of pronotum, which is metallic blue in B. coerulea and B. caerulea, while it is reddish brown in B. purpureipennis. Furthermore, it has entirely metallic purple elytra, while elytra in B. dimidiata are partly reddish brown.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>H: W ‘ Bonesioides purpureipennis m., V. Laboissière — Det. / Cote de Guinie F. / Type / Le Moult vend., via Reinbek, Eing. Nr. 1, 1957’ (ZMUH), Senegal; examined. L : W ‘ Bonesioides speciosa m., V. Laboissière - Det. / Guinea Portoghese, Bolama, VI.-XII.1899, L. Fea / Type / Le Moult vend., via Reinbek, Eing. Nr. 1, 1957, Mus. Ci. Genova’ (ZMUH), Guinea-Bissau, 11.35N / 15.35W; examined. P  : 1 W, same data as lectotype (ZMUH); 1 X, same data as lectotype (MCSNG).</p> <p>Other material examined 1 ex., ‘ Ootheca violaceipennis, Guinee’, coll. Duvivier (IRSNB).</p> <p>Key to species</p> <p>1 Head and prothorax entirely metallic blue, green, purple or black..... 4 – Head and prothorax not metallic, reddish brown.......... 2</p> <p>2 Elytra in mature specimens entirely metallic green, blue or purple. Thorax, abdomen,</p> <p>tibiae and tarsi reddish brown. Total length (TL): 5.8–9.3 mm...... 3</p> <p>– Basal half of the elytra reddish brown and metallic black on the apical half. Tibia and tarsus black. TL: 7.8–8.3 mm. Median lobe broad with two very strong endophallic spiculae (figure 15). Recorded from Sierra Leone and Gabon....................... B. dimidiata Laboissière, 1937</p> <p>3 Elytra entirely metallic green. Smaller, TL: 5.8–6.1 mm; eyes very large, maximal width of eye to minimal distance of eyes (WE/DE): 0.97–1.00. Median lobe slender with two very small endophallic spiculae (figure 89). Recorded from Nigeria and Ivory Coast................ B. rubricollis sp. nov. – Elytra in well-sclerotized, mature specimens entirely metallic blue or purple. Larger,</p> <p>TL: 8.5–9.3 mm; vertex broader, WE/DE: 0.58–0.71. Median lobe very broad, with two very strong endophallic spiculae (figure 95). Recorded from Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast............ B. purpureipennis Laboissière, 1925</p> <p>4 Elytra, rarely also antenna and legs pale brown; head and pronotum metallic black.</p> <p>TL: 6.4–8.5 mm; eyes large, WE/DE: 0.69–0.92 (figure 21). Median lobe slender with</p> <p>two small endophallic spiculae (figure 24). Distributed in rainforests from Cameroon,</p> <p>Gabon to the eastern Congo Basin...... B. barombiensis (Jacoby, 1903) – Elytra entirely metallic blue, green, purple or black......... 5</p> <p>5 Total length&gt; 6.3 mm (with exception of single individuals)....... 6 – Total length usually &lt;5.8 mm (with exception of single individuals; specimens between</p> <p>5.8 and 6.3 mm length: check of median lobe is necessary)....... 9</p> <p>6 Eyes very large, WE/ED&gt;0.70; antennal articles long, length of third antennal article</p> <p>to length of fourth article (A3/A4) &lt;0.60............ 7 – Eyes small, WE/ED &lt;0.60; antennal articles short, A3/A4&gt;0.60..... 8</p> <p>7 Smaller, TL: 5.7–7.0 mm; shining metallic green or blue; eyes very large, WE/ED:</p> <p>0.72–0.97 (figure 62); Antenna long, A3/A4: 0.44–0.56 (figure 63). Median lobe very</p> <p>slender with two small endophallic spiculae (figure 65). Distributed from Cameroon through the Congo Basin to Tanzania........ B. jacobyi sp. nov.</p> <p>– Larger, TL: 8.0– 9.3 mm; metallic blue; eyes very large, WE/DE: 0.82–1.06 (figure 7); antenna long, A3/A4: 0.48–0.61 (figure 8). Median lobe slender with two large endophallic spiculae (figure 10). Restricted to Nigeria, Cameroon and Equatorial-Guinea.................. B. coerulea (Allard, 1889)</p> <p>8 Smaller, TL: 6.8–7.9 mm; metallic blue; elytra expanded apically (figure 26); eyes small, WE/ED: 0.47–0.60 (figure 26); antennal articles short, A3/A4: 0.57–0.83 (figure 27). Median lobe broad and base of endophallus large with two large endophallic spiculae (figure 29). Distributed from Cameroon through the Congo Basin to Uganda............... B. caerulea (Jacoby, 1903)</p> <p>– Larger, TL: 8.9–9.5 mm, metallic black or blue; elytra parallel-sided from humeri apically (figure 58); eyes small, WE/DE: 0.44–0.51. Orifice of median lobe very broad, endophallus slender with two small spiculae (figure 61). Recorded from Congo and Ghana................. B. godzilla sp. nov.</p> <p>9 Total length &lt;4.7 mm (with exception of single individuals)....... 10 – Total length usually between 4.7 and 6.0 mm........... 14</p> <p>10 Occurs in Central, eastern or southern Africa........... 11</p> <p>– Occurs only in Gambia. TL: 4.0– 4.4 mm; metallic blue; antenna short, A3/A4: 0.53–0.62 (figure 55); eyes large, WE/DE: 0.66–0.70 (figure 54). Median lobe slender,</p> <p>homogeneously narrowed apically, base of endophallus strongly hooked with two long, partly protruding spiculae (figure 57)....... B. gambiae sp. nov.</p> <p>11 Occurs in Central or South Africa, if East Africa than metallic blue and longer</p> <p>than 4.2 mm..................... 12</p> <p>– Restricted to Kenya. Very small, metallic green; TL: 3.6–4.1 mm; elytra expanded apically (figure 83); antennal article 4 longer than articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.50–0.53 (figure 84). Median lobe parallel-sided from orifice towards tectum, apical</p> <p>third strongly narrowed, also nearly parallel-sided with two large endophallic spiculae (figure 86)................ B. pusilla sp. nov.</p> <p>12 Distributed in Central Africa or Central and East Africa; rarely southwards to northern Zimbabwe (few individuals of B. laboissierei nom. nov.; check median lobe)........................ 13</p> <p>– Distributed in Angola, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and South Africa. TL: 3.9–5.3 mm; metallic blue; very convex in lateral view; elytra expanded apically (figure 17); antennal articles short (figure 18), A3/A4: 0.69–0.80. Median lobe broad,</p> <p>nearly parallel-sided in the basal two-thirds, slightly narrowed apically (figure 20). Endophallus broad with two broad-based, left-curved spiculae B. kirschi (Jacoby, 1899)</p> <p>13 Occurs only in Central Congo. TL: 4.2–4.6 mm; elytra expanded apically (figure 90); antennal articles short (figure 91), A3/A4: 0.60–0.67; eyes large (figure 90), WE/DE: 0.67–0.70; metatibia not twice as long as the basi-metatarsus, length of metatarsus to length of metatibia (TA/TI): 0.48–0.49 (figure 90). Median lobe slightly expanded medially, strongly narrowed from tectum apically (figure 92). Endophallus broad, with three endophallic spiculae. Apical part of the sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius very long and extremely protruding, extending towards apex of median lobe; endophallic brush absent............ B. trispiculata sp. nov. – Occurs in eastern Congo towards Kenya and northern Zimbabwe. TL: 3.7–4.9 mm; elytra slightly expanded apically (figure 34); antennal articles short (figure 35), A3/A4: 0.53–0.77; eyes large (figure 34), WE/DE: 0.55–0.71; metatibia nearly twice as long as the basi-metatarsus or longer, TA/TI: 0.49–0.53 (figure 34). Median lobe slender, homogeneously expanded apically (figure 37). Endophallus slender with long base bearing two long spiculae; endophallic brush extremely protruding........................ B. laboissierei nom. nov.</p> <p>14 Occurs predominantly in montane regions of Ethiopia, Kenya or Tanzania... 15 – Occurs in Central and West Africa, not known from Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania 16</p> <p>15 Antennal articles long and slender (figure 76), A3/A4: 0.52–0.60; eyes large, WE/DE: 0.60–0.75. Only known from Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania. Total length: 4.4–5.6 mm; metallic blue or green; elytra nearly parallel-sided from humeri towards apex. Median lobe very slender and elongated (figure 78); parallel-sided from the orifice towards tectum; also parallel-sided from tectum apically, but much more slender; endophallus slender with two right-curved spiculae.. B. montana sp. nov.</p> <p>– Antennal articles short and broad (figure 45), A3/A4: 0.69–0.85; eyes small (figure 44), WE/DE: 0.43–0.65. Only known from southern Kenya. Total length: 4.6–5.9 mm; metallic blue; elytra expanded apically (figure 44). Median lobe short and broad, nearly parallel-sided, only narrowed in apical quarter (figure 47); endophallus broad with two long, left-curved spiculae....... B. jacksoni (Bryant, 1953)</p> <p>16 Restricted to the Albertine Rift, A2/A3: usually &lt;0.70; metallic green or purple. 17 – Occurs from Cameroon towards the Congo Basin, if Albertine Rift, A2/A3&gt;0.70</p> <p>and WE/DE&gt;0.65; metallic blue.............. 19</p> <p>17 Antennal articles short (figures 50, 80), A3/A4: 0.60–0.77; metallic golden green, or</p> <p>very dull green or purple................ 18</p> <p>– Antenna very long (figure 30), antennal articles slender and elongated (figure 31), A3/A4: 0.45–0.69; elytra strongly expanded apically (figure 30), EW/EL: 0.54–0.73; metallic green or purple; TL: 4.4–6.1 mm. Median lobe continuously narrowed apically (figure 33) with two large, left-curved spiculae with large base........................ B. virens (Weise, 1913)</p> <p>18 Shining metallic golden green. Elytra expanded apically (figure 79), EW/EL: 0.57–0.66; TL: 4.8–5.5 mm. Median lobe very slender, homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 82) with two long, left-curved spiculae..... B. nitida sp. nov. – Dull green or purple; elytra only slightly expanded apically (figure 49), EW/EL: 0.53–0.58; TL: 4.8–5.2 mm. Median lobe broad, parallel-sided from orifice towards the tectum, then homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 52). Base of endophallus in lateral view strongly hooked with two small, curved spiculae. Apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius very long, extending towards apical quarter of median lobe............... B. budongoensis sp. nov.</p> <p>19 Occurs from the Congo Basin towards the Albertine rift, if Cameroon, eyes very large, WE/ED&gt;0.65 and A3/A4: &lt;0.70; bright metallic blue...... 20</p> <p>– Restricted to Cameroon. Eyes small (figure 67), WE/ED: 0.54–0.65. A2/A3: 0.46–0.54, antennal articles 3 and 4 nearly of same length, A3/A4: 0.77–0.87</p> <p>(figure 68); dull metallic blue; TL: 4.8–5.8 mm. Median lobe slender, homogeneously narrowed apically; margins of the apical half very broad bearing two long endophallic spiculae.............. B. kamerunensis sp. nov.</p> <p>20 Occurs from Cameroon through the Congo Basin towards the Albertine Rift. Eyes large (figure 39), WE/DE: 0.65–0.83; antennal articles 2 and 3 very short, nearly of same length (figure 40), A2/A3: 0.64–1.00; antennal article 4 longer than articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.33–0.67; TL: 4.3–6.0 mm. Median lobe slender, homogeneously narrowed apically; margins in the apical half narrow (figure 42) with two long endophallic spiculae.......... B. laevicollis (Laboissière, 1940)</p> <p>– Occurs from the Congo Basin towards the Albertine Rift. Eyes large (figure 71), WE/DE: 0.67–0.90. Antennal article 3 much longer than article 2 (figure 72), A2/A3: 0.55–0.60, antennal article 4 not longer than articles 2 and 3 combined, A3/A4: 0.63–0.70; metallic blue; TL: 4.2–6.0 mm. Median lobe broad, parallel-sided from orifice towards the tectum, then homogeneously narrowed apically (figure 52); base of endophallus in lateral view strongly hooked, bearing two small, curved spiculae; apical part of sclerotized ductus ejaculatorius is very long, extending towards apical quarter of the median lobe........... B. marcoi sp. nov.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB73439261FFA7FD86FB7C72971D1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Freund, W.;Wagner, TH.	Freund, W., Wagner, TH. (2003): Revision of Bonesioides Laboissière, 1925 (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 37 (16): 1915-1976, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096519, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110096519
