identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D887A1FFD2FFB13BA86EA38E008345.text	03D887A1FFD2FFB13BA86EA38E008345.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Plantago sericea Ruiz & Pavon 1798	<div><p>Plantago sericea Ruiz &amp; Pavón (1798: 51, tab. 79[b])</p><p>Type: — PERU. S.d., H. Ruiz L. &amp; J.A. Pavón s.n. (lectotype [designated here] MA-815610! [Fig. 1]; isolectotypes MA-815609!, MA-815611!) .</p><p>Notes: —The protologue of P. sericea provided the following information on the type: “ HABITAT in Peruviae collibus altis aridis ad Tarmae oppidum, et prope Tarmatambo Castellum”; reference to illustrations was also made: tab. 79(b). In his treatment of Plantago series Sericeae Rahn (1978: 111), Rahn (1981: 309) cited the type of P. sericea as “Type: Ruiz and Pav. (MA holotype, not seen; B, now lost, but photographs in C, F and UC extant; F, branch from MA; JE; isotypes)”. A photograph is kept at F (F-BN-14170) of the destroyed syntype that was at B before this herbarium was bombed in 1943. Furthermore, we were able to locate a syntype at JE (JE-00009650). Since there are three syntypes at MA (MA-815609, MA-815610 and MA-815611), all of which are in conformity with the morphological description and illustration in the protologue, Rahn’s indication of a “ holotype ” at MA can be taken only as the first step of a lectotypification (Art. 9.17). In the second step, MA-815610 (Fig. 1) is designated here as the lectotype of P. sericea; this specimen is the most representative among the syntypes.</p><p>In her treatment of Plantago in Chile, Murillo (2012) indicated that P. sericea subsp. araucana is the only subspecies of P. sericea that occurs in Chile. However, this subspecies is here raised to a separate species (see below). Previously, Rahn (1981, 1983) indicated two collections of P. sericea subsp. sericans (Pilger 1929: 80) Rahn (1978: 111) from northern Chile, without providing more detailed information on the provenance of these specimens. Our study of herbarium collections confirmed the occurrence of P. sericea in the Tarapacá and Arica y Parinacota regions, northern Chile.</p><p>Material examined from Chile: — CHILE. ARICA Y PARINACOTA: Arica: camino de Arica al Portezuelo de Chapiquiña, Km 96, 3450 m, 9 February 1964, C. Marticorena et al. 53 (CONC-47557); camino de Putre a Chucuyo, Km 4, 3750 m, 12 February 1964, C. Marticorena et al. 159 (CONC-47558); entre Putre y el portezuelo de Putre, 3600–4000 m, 16 April 1980, C. Villagrán et al. 2522 (CONC-53748); Parinacota: cerros frente a Putre, 3600 m, 21 March 1987, O. Matthei &amp; R. Rodríguez 268 (CONC-106335); entre Belén y Murmuntani, 3320 m, 23 May 2000, E. Belmonte 20208 (CONC-148805); Putre, orilla de calle, 3500 m, 15 May 2007, C. Ávila s.n. (CONC-167744); Tacora-Humapalca-río Azufre, 4230 m, 12 August 2012, S. Teillier &amp; J. Delaunoy 7732 (CONC-179691); TARAPACÁ: Iquique: Cord. Co. Columtusca, La Escalera, 4200 m, March 1926, E. Werdermann 1079 (CONC-56263); entre Pachica y Poroma, 3360 m, 2 April 1961, M. Ricardi et al. 424 (CONC-47562); camino de Huara a Cancosa, Km 91, 3850 m, 17 February 1964, C. Marticorena et al. 311 (CONC-47561).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887A1FFD2FFB13BA86EA38E008345	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hassemer, Gustavo;Shipunov, Alexey B.;Rønsted, Nina;Meudt, Heidi M.	Hassemer, Gustavo, Shipunov, Alexey B., Rønsted, Nina, Meudt, Heidi M. (2018): Taxonomic and geographic novelties in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae) in Chile, including the description of a new species. Phytotaxa 340 (2): 137-156, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3
03D887A1FFD7FFB43BA86DAF89F18FF4.text	03D887A1FFD7FFB43BA86DAF89F18FF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Plantago zoellneriana Hassemer	<div><p>Plantago zoellneriana Hassemer, nom. et stat. nov.</p><p>Replaced synonym: — P. sericea subsp. araucana Rahn (1983: 339–341)</p><p>Type: — CHILE. MAULE: Linares: Tal von Longaví, bei einem Ort: La Balsa, ca. 1200 m, 29 December 1969, O. Zöllner 3687 (holotype C-10016663! [Fig. 2]) .</p><p>Illustrations: —Fig. 13 in Rahn (1983).</p><p>Photographs: — Fig. 2; Fig. 12 in Rahn (1983); Fig. 23A in Murillo (2012).</p><p>Distribution and habitat: —Endemic to central Chile (Rahn 1983), distributed “de la provincia de Curicó a la provincia del Bío Bío entre los 35° a 37° S ” (Murillo 2012). See maps: Fig. 11 in Rahn (1983) and Fig. 23B in Murillo (2012). According to information annotated on herbarium specimens, P. zoellneriana occurs in rocky open environments.</p><p>Notes: — Plantago sericea subsp. araucana was described by Rahn (1983) as differing from P. sericea subsp. sericea by the much shorter stems, slightly zygomorphic corolla, and corolla lobes equalling the length of the sepals. In fact, as previously circumscribed, P. sericea subsp. araucana was the only taxon within P. sericea having zygomorphic corollas; all other subspecies and varieties of P. sericea have actinomorphic corollas (Rahn 1981, 1983). Our examination of herbarium specimens of all subspecies and varieties within P. sericea has convinced us that P. sericea subsp. araucana cannot be included in the circumscription of this species, due to the different corolla architecture. Since P. araucana Rahn (1996: 197) has already been used as a new name for Littorella australis Grisebach ex Bentham &amp; Hooker (1876: 1225), a new name is required for the transfer of P. sericea subsp. araucana to species rank. We therefore propose the new name P. zoellneriana, in honour of the collector of the type of the species, the German / Chilean botanist Otto Zöllner Schorr (*1909–†2007), a distinguished botanist and expert on the Chilean flora (Marticorena 2008).</p><p>Additional specimens examined: — CHILE. BIOBÍO: Ñuble: El Roble, 750 m, 2 February 1929, E. Barros 3128 (CONC-134098) ; Atacalco, 640 m, 24 November 1944, A. Pfister 852 (CONC-6594) ; Valle del Diguillín, Fundo Cipreses, ca. 800 m, 7 December 1945, A. Pfister s.n. (CONC-4932) ; CONCEPCIÓN: October 1896, F. Neger s.n. (C, paratype) . MAULE: en la Laguna Maule, 2000 m, 20 December 1969, O. Zöllner 5956 (C, paratype) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887A1FFD7FFB43BA86DAF89F18FF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hassemer, Gustavo;Shipunov, Alexey B.;Rønsted, Nina;Meudt, Heidi M.	Hassemer, Gustavo, Shipunov, Alexey B., Rønsted, Nina, Meudt, Heidi M. (2018): Taxonomic and geographic novelties in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae) in Chile, including the description of a new species. Phytotaxa 340 (2): 137-156, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3
03D887A1FFD7FFBC3BA8686F8E7C8FD6.text	03D887A1FFD7FFBC3BA8686F8E7C8FD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Plantago nebularis Hassemer 2018	<div><p>Plantago nebularis Hassemer, sp. nov. (Figs. 3–5)</p><p>Type: — CHILE. ANTOFAGASTA: Antofagasta: auf dem Cerro Moreno, 8 January 1969, O. Zöllner 3302 (holotype C! [Fig. 3]) .</p><p>Diagnosis: —Similar to Plantago johnstonii Pilg., P. sericea Ruiz &amp; Pav. and P. zoellneriana Hassemer, differing from the first by the linear, sulcate leaves with entire margins and appressed trichomes, and smaller corolla lobes; from the second by the slightly zygomorphic corolla; and from the third by the longer (2.9–3.0 mm) and less pilose bracts, and the larger (3.2–3.5 × 2.0– 2.3 mm) and much less pilose anterior sepals.</p><p>Description: —Single rosette herbs, to 35 cm tall, perennial. Taproot moderately thickened, to 5 mm wide; secondary cord-like roots absent. Caudex conspicuous, up to 25 mm long (possibly longer), branching often. Leaves linear, 30–210 × 0.3–0.8(–1.2) mm, sulcate; margins entire; base of leaf wider (1.4–2.0 mm wide) than the linear blade, partially embracing the stem; densely covered with trichomes 0.3–1.4 mm long, silvery, appressed, filiform, terete, with inconspicuous cellular articulations, very slender throughout their entire length and not perceptibly gradually tapering towards the apex (type ’k’). Inflorescence 5–34 cm long. Scape 4.6–33.2 cm long, cylindrical, without conspicuous longitudinal grooves, densely covered with trichomes; trichomes 0.3–1.6 mm long, as on leaves. Spike 0.4–1.8 cm long, with 2–12 flowers. Bracts triangular, 2.9–3.0 × 2.0– 2.2 mm; both faces ranging from glabrous to pilose, margin glabrous to ciliate; keel dark brown, darker and thicker than the light brown membranaceous margins. Flowers hermaphrodite. Anterior sepals elliptic, 3.2–3.5 × 2.0– 2.3 mm; apex broadly obtuse; margins and both faces glabrous except for the keel; keel sparsely pilose on the dorsal face, brown, darker and thicker than the beige hyaline membranaceous margins. Posterior sepals broadly obovate, 3.1–3.4 × 2.9–3.2 mm; apex broadly obtuse; both faces and margins glabrous; keel brown, darker and thicker than the beige hyaline membranaceous margins. Corolla slightly zygomorphic, glabrous; lobes 2.4 × 1.0 mm, elliptic, beige, rather hyaline, apex obtuse. Stamens 4; anthers unknown. Ovary with 2 ovules. Pyxidia broadly pyriform, beige, glabrous, 4.2–4.7 × 3.3–3.6 mm, 2-seeded. Mature seeds unknown; three nearly mature seeds 2.7–3.0 × 1.1–1.7 mm, elliptic to narrowly elliptic; surface reticulate-foveolate, dark brown, smoother on the ventral side; margins hyaline; ventral side concave, dorsal side convex.</p><p>Illustrations: — Fig. 4; Fig. 16 in Rahn (1983).</p><p>Photographs: — Figs. 3 and 5.</p><p>Etymology: —The epithet refers to the environment where the new species occurs, i.e. the summits of Cerro Moreno which are almost perpetually covered in fog (camanchaca) (Fig. 6).</p><p>Phenology: —Largely unknown, based only on the two known herbarium specimens of this species. One of them, collected in January (O. Zöllner 3302 [Fig. 3], the holotype), has flowers, one fruit and three nearly mature seeds, while the other specimen (O. Zöllner 7125 [Fig. 5]), collected in July, has only old inflorescences without any flowers, fruits or seeds.</p><p>Distribution and habitat: —This species is endemic to the highest areas (ca. 800 m above sea level, possibly up to 1200 m) of Cerro Moreno, which reaches an elevation of ca. 1290 m on the Mejillones Peninsula, ca. 20 km northwest from the city of Antofagasta, Antofagasta region, northern Chile (Figs. 6 and 7). Despite the whole area being a desert (one of the driest in the world), the almost perpetual fog which blankets the summits of Cerro Moreno creates a unique environment where many plant species thrive. Cerro Moreno is partly covered by loma vegetation on the south-western slope at elevations higher than 300 m asl (Schulz et al. 2011a).</p><p>Conservation status: —Critically endangered (CR–B2[a,b(iii)]). The new species is endemic to one locality, i.e. the summits of Cerro Moreno. The area is included in an environmental protection area, the Parque Nacional Morro Moreno, but is frequently visited by tourists and local hiking groups.</p><p>Notes: —The new species belongs to Plantago subgenus Psyllium (Tournefort ex Jussieu 1789: 90) Harms &amp; Reiche (1895: 373) section Gnaphaloides Barnéoud (1844: 19) series Sericeae, and is most similar morphologically to P. johnstonii, P. sericea and P. zoellneriana . The new species will be compared and discussed to these three species in turn below. Rahn (1983: 341) lectotypified the name P. johnstonii and commented on its morphology and distribution, mentioning that it was only known from the type kept at GH, which included three specimens mounted on two sheets. However, he also mentioned that “ 150 km further North O. Zöllner made two collections which may belong to this species or to undescribed related taxa”, citing two specimens kept at C: O. Zöllner 3302 and O. Zöllner 7125. He further added that “Both specimens have bracts and sepals like those of P. johnstoni, but leaves are very narrow, 0.8–1.2 mm wide, sulcate, margins entire and with appressed hairs. The first has ascending scapes and spikes with 2–3 flowers, the corolla lobes similar to those of P. johnstoni but 2.4 mm long and 1.0 mm wide, seeds unripe. The stem is not elongated nor branched, leaves to 42 mm long, scape to 134 mm. The second plant has an elongated branched stem, 27 mm long, with leaves 140 mm long, old scapes to 316 mm, probably erect, and old spikes with 18 flowers, but no corollas or capsules are left”.</p><p>Rahn (1983) opted to conservatively maintain the two Zöllner plants, both from Cerro Moreno, under his treatment of P. johnstonii, on the grounds that these specimens have similar bracts and sepals. However, he commented that “The material is unfortunately too scarce to permit taxonomic conclusions. Most probably it all belongs to P.sericea . The three collections [I.M. Johnston 5444, O. Zöllner 3302 and O. Zöllner 7125] are surprisingly different, but still undoubtedly related”. Nevertheless, the comparison of the Zöllner specimens with the type of P. johnstonii (Fig. 8; Figs. 14–15 in Rahn 1983) leaves it clear that, from a morphological point of view, these populations could hardly belong to the same species. Both species are perennial, but P. johnstonii is much more robust, its caudex measuring an impressive 25–220 mm (vs. up to 25 mm in P. nebularis), and its leaves measuring 140.0–174.0 × 4.5–6.7 mm, in stark contrast with the linear leaves of P. nebularis, 30.0–210.0 × 0.3–0.8(–1.2) mm. The caudex and leaves are often more relevant than the flowers for the taxonomy and classification of Plantago (Rahn 1974, 1996, Hassemer et al. 2015, Hassemer 2016, Hassemer et al. 2017b), which are normally remarkably invariable among groups of closely-related species in this genus (but not always, see the example of P. sericea and P. zoellneriana).</p><p>In addition to the morphological differences, the distribution and habitat differences between P. johnstonii and P. nebularis reinforce the recognition of these species as separate. The type localities of both species are ca. 140 km apart, and no suitable environment for either species was found between or around these localities during our targeted searches. Furthermore, there are important environmental differences between the type localities of the two species: P. nebularis occurs at the perpetually-foggy summits of Cerro Moreno, at an elevation of 800 m and possibly up to 1200 m; whereas P. johnstonii occurs (or used to occur, see more below) close to a natural spring at the base of a rocky cliff near the coast, at 300–400 m, in an area where fog is not reported. Both species are found in unique habitats which are environmentally suitable “islands” in what is otherwise a desert. Additional attempts to search for these two species are warranted, because despite our targeted searches, other such “islands” of suitable microhabitat nevertheless could be present in the steep coastal mountain topography in this area. Rahn (1983) hypothesised that these unique habitats effectively isolate these Plantago populations and may have played a role in their divergence. Referring to the only known collection of P. johnstonii (I.M. Johnston 5444) and to the two known collections of P. nebularis (O. Zöllner 3302 and O. Zöllner 7125), Rahn (1983) mentioned that “Differentiations in small populations in isolated, marginal habitats can undoubtedly be very rapid, so the presence of the three populations may be explained as the result of relatively recent long-distance dispersal” and that “So the three collections from Northern Chile could also be old relicts in their isolated habitats, from a time when the climate was more humid there”. Analyses of molecular phylogenetic data are warranted to test Rahn’s (1983) evolutionary scenarios. Furthermore, coastal arid northern Chile is recognised as an important area for biodiversity discovery (Johnston 1929a, 1929b, 1929c, Pinto &amp; Luebert 2009), due to many species having narrow distributions, and also to the very short and sporadic rain episodes, when almost all plants develop and flower.</p><p>Plantago nebularis also shares some important morphological similarities with P. zoellneriana (Figs. 12 –13 in Rahn 1983), mainly the slightly zygomorphic corolla and the very long scapes (both also present in P. johnstonii), but differs from this species principally by the bracts being longer (2.9–3.0 vs. 2.3–2.5 mm) and less pilose, and the anterior sepals being larger (3.2–3.5 × 2.0–2.3 vs. 2.9–3.1 × 1.3–1.9 mm) and much less pilose. Furthermore, the type locality of P. nebularis is ca. 1270 km distant from the nearest locality of P. zoellneriana, in Curicó, central Chile. Nevertheless, the bracts of P. nebularis are variable in regards to pilosity (ranging from glabrous to pilose), so that we acknowledge that this might not be a reliable character to separate these two species; this is aggravated by the low number of examined specimens of these species, especially of P. nebularis . More collections of these species, especially of P. nebularis, are necessary to clarify this question.</p><p>Plantago nebularis also shares morphological similarities with P. sericea subsp. sericea, from which it differs mainly by the much shorter stems, slightly zygomorphic corolla (vs. actinomorphic), and corolla lobes equalling the length of the sepals. Plantago sericea subsp. sericea is not recorded in Chile, but occurs in mountains in Peru, Bolivia and north-western Argentina, at elevations of 2100–4150 m (Rahn 1981). Despite Knud Rahn’s comprehensive studies, we consider that P. sericea is a particularly poorly-understood species complex distributed in high-elevation areas from Mexico to central Chile and north-western Argentina (Rahn 1981, 1983), which most likely includes a number of species lumped together under this name.</p><p>Despite a targeted search in the field, we were unable to find any plants of P. nebularis during our visits to Cerro Moreno in January 2016. Considering the information on the type specimens (O. Zöllner 3302 [Fig. 3] and O. Zöllner 7125 [Fig. 5]), the species is most probably restricted to the south-western face of Cerro Moreno, which is the only location on the hill with vegetation in an otherwise barren, desert area. This is due to the humidity coming from the sea which condenses and causes the almost perpetual covering of fog on the summits (Schulz et al. 2011a). Habitats at the type locality appear to be mostly unaltered, and the steepness of the south-western face hinders human settlement. By contrast, the south-eastern face of Cerro Moreno has been developed into a seaside resort (Balneario Juan López), attracting visitors from the nearby city of Antofagasta and other tourists. All things considered, and despite not being able to find the plant, we think it is highly improbable that it has been eradicated, and attribute our failure to the difficulty of exploring the type locality. We argue that further studies are critically necessary for P. nebularis, including its rediscovery at Cerro Moreno, and also ex situ conservation attempts.</p><p>It is also worth to mention that one of Peruvian sample at NY (A. Sagastegui N. 11525, collected on 22 May 1984 in Otuzco-Agallapampa, La Libertad, Peru) is morphologically similar to both P. johnstonii and P. nebularis but geographically distant: more than 2,500 km apart from the geographically closest individual of P. nebularis . It is possible that this specimen belong to another, still undescribed species. Further investigations are required to understand the relationships between P. johnstonii, P. nebularis, the aforementioned Peruvian sample and also P. limensis Persoon (1805: 139); this last species is part of Plantago series Hispidulae Rahn (1978: 110) (see Rahn 1982).</p><p>We would have preferred to designate the holotype among herbarium specimens of this species kept at Chilean herbaria; however, we were unable to find any. All known specimens of the new species were collected by Otto Zöllner Schorr and are kept at the C herbarium.</p><p>Additional specimen examined (paratype): — CHILE. ANTOFAGASTA: Antofagasta: en el cerro Moreno a 800 m de altura sobre el mar, 31 July 1973, O. Zöllner 7125 (C [Fig. 5]) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887A1FFD7FFBC3BA8686F8E7C8FD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hassemer, Gustavo;Shipunov, Alexey B.;Rønsted, Nina;Meudt, Heidi M.	Hassemer, Gustavo, Shipunov, Alexey B., Rønsted, Nina, Meudt, Heidi M. (2018): Taxonomic and geographic novelties in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae) in Chile, including the description of a new species. Phytotaxa 340 (2): 137-156, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3
03D887A1FFDFFFBD3BA8687689718AB7.text	03D887A1FFDFFFBD3BA8687689718AB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Plantago johnstonii Pilger	<div><p>Plantago johnstonii Pilger in Anonymous (1929: 767–768)</p><p>Type: — CHILE. ANTOFAGASTA: Taltal: Aguada del Panul, in dry rocky stream-way in steep gulch above spring, ca. 24°47’ S, 4 December 1925, I.M. Johnston 5444 (lectotype [designated by Rahn 1983: 341] GH-00092255! [Fig. 8]; isolectotypes C!, GH-00092266!) .</p><p>Illustrations: —Fig. 14 in Rahn (1983).</p><p>Photographs: — Fig. 8; Fig. 15 in Rahn (1983); Fig. 11A in Murillo (2012).</p><p>Distribution and habitat: —Known only from the type gathering (I.M. Johnston 5444), whose specimens were mounted on two sheets kept at GH (GH-00092255 and GH-00092266). This species is recorded from close to a spring (“Aguada del Panul”) (Figs. 9 and 10) at the base of rocky cliffs near the coast (at 300–400 m), in the Atacama Desert, in Taltal, Antofagasta region, northern Chile (Fig. 7), at 24°46’16” S, 70°31’49” W.</p><p>Conservation status: —Extinct (EX). Despite a thorough search at the type locality, in the appropriate time of the year (during summer, when the type was collected) no specimens of this species could be found. During our exploration of the area (Figs. 9 and 10), we noticed that the spring mentioned in the labels on the type collections has been drastically reduced by the draining of water to a small fig and pear plantation nearby, in what is an otherwise desert area. It is likely this plantation was not present when Ivan Murray Johnston collected the type in 1925, otherwise he probably would have mentioned it. We also failed to find other suitable habitats along the coast of the town of Taltal. All things considered, we think it is highly improbable that P. johnstonii has survived the destruction of its habitat, and therefore we argue that this species is most probably extinct.</p><p>The coast of Taltal has several aguadas, i.e. natural springs at the base of cliffs, which harbour an impressive number of narrowly endemic plant species (Johnston 1929a, Luebert 2013, Rodríguez 2015, Gutiérrez et al. 2016). The coastal deserts of northern Chile are apparently becoming even more arid, with less frequent rainfall events and reduced cloudiness (Rundel et al. 1991, Schulz et al. 2011a, 2011b). We argue that these environments need more conservation attention from the Chilean government and also international entities, and that ex situ conservation actions are urgently necessary for the plant species endemic to the region, to prevent more biodiversity being irreversibly lost.</p><p>Notes: —This species was described with the spelling “ Plantago Johnstoni ”, which was rendered by Rahn (1983) as “ Plantago johnstoni ”, but that spelling is an orthographic error to be corrected to “ Plantago johnstonii ” (Arts. 23, 32.2 and 60.12, and Recommendation 60C). A sheet at C with black and white photographs of the type specimens of P. johnstonii also contains an envelope with fragments, floral parts and seeds taken by Knud Rahn from the lectotype (GH-00092255), likely when this specimen was loaned to C. Since this sheet contains parts of the type, and is deposited at C, it can be considered part of the type collection, and therefore listed as isolectotype.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887A1FFDFFFBD3BA8687689718AB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hassemer, Gustavo;Shipunov, Alexey B.;Rønsted, Nina;Meudt, Heidi M.	Hassemer, Gustavo, Shipunov, Alexey B., Rønsted, Nina, Meudt, Heidi M. (2018): Taxonomic and geographic novelties in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae) in Chile, including the description of a new species. Phytotaxa 340 (2): 137-156, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3
03D887A1FFDDFFBE3BA8694E8CB18E93.text	03D887A1FFDDFFBE3BA8694E8CB18E93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Plantago lanceolata Linne 1753	<div><p>Plantago lanceolata Linné (1753: 113–114)</p><p>Type: —Herbarium George Clifford, p. 36, no. 3 (lectotype [designated by Verdcourt 1971: 6] BM-000557805!) .</p><p>Illustrations: — Fig. 1 (7–9) in Verdcourt (1971).</p><p>Photographs: — Fig. 11; Figs. 12A and 13 in Murillo (2012).</p><p>Distribution and habitat: — Plantago lanceolata is originally native to Europe, northern Africa and western Asia, but has been introduced to and become naturalised in many areas on all continents except Antarctica (Moore et al. 1976, Li et al. 2011). In Chile, this species is naturalised and had been hitherto recorded “desde la Provincia de El Loa hasta la provincia de Última Esperanza, entre los 22°– 51° S ” (Murillo 2012) (see map in Fig. 12B in Murillo 2012). A specimen at SGO (Fig. 11) comprises the first record of this species in Tarapacá region, northern Chile (Fig. 7), extending its geographic distribution ca. 250 km to the north.</p><p>Conservation status: —Least concern (LC).</p><p>New record: — CHILE. TARAPACÁ: Huara: Quebrada de Coscaya, 2880 m, 9–10 March 1948, F. Sudzuki 573a (SGO-111127! [Fig. 11]) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887A1FFDDFFBE3BA8694E8CB18E93	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hassemer, Gustavo;Shipunov, Alexey B.;Rønsted, Nina;Meudt, Heidi M.	Hassemer, Gustavo, Shipunov, Alexey B., Rønsted, Nina, Meudt, Heidi M. (2018): Taxonomic and geographic novelties in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae) in Chile, including the description of a new species. Phytotaxa 340 (2): 137-156, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3
03D887A1FFDDFFBE3BA86B728CB28377.text	03D887A1FFDDFFBE3BA86B728CB28377.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Plantago pachyneura Steudel 1849	<div><p>Plantago pachyneura Steudel (1849: 406)</p><p>Type: — CHILE. s.d., C.L.G. Bertero 552 (lectotype [designated by Rahn 1974: 131] P-00609843!) .</p><p>Illustrations: —Fig. 67 in Rahn (1974).</p><p>Photographs: — Fig. 12; Fig. 19A in Murillo (2012).</p><p>Distribution and habitat: — Plantago pachyneura is native to Chile and neighbouring Argentina (Mendoza province) (Rahn 1974). In Chile this species has been hitherto recorded “de la provincia de Antofagasta a la provincia de Chiloé entre los 25°– 42° S ” (Murillo 2012) (see map in Fig. 19B in Murillo 2012). A specimen at SGO (Fig. 12) is the first record of this species in Tarapacá region, northern Chile (Fig. 7), extending its geographic distribution ca. 550 km to the north.</p><p>Conservation status: —Least concern (LC). This species has a relatively wide distribution and does not appear to be currently threatened with extinction.</p><p>New record: — CHILE. TARAPACÁ: Huara: Quebrada de Coscaya, 2880 m, 9–10 March 1948, F. Sudzuki 578 (SGO-111129! [Fig. 12]) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887A1FFDDFFBE3BA86B728CB28377	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hassemer, Gustavo;Shipunov, Alexey B.;Rønsted, Nina;Meudt, Heidi M.	Hassemer, Gustavo, Shipunov, Alexey B., Rønsted, Nina, Meudt, Heidi M. (2018): Taxonomic and geographic novelties in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae) in Chile, including the description of a new species. Phytotaxa 340 (2): 137-156, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.2.3
