taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03D887BE630C8402C7794EF60BB8FA77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161639	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE630C8402C7794EF60BB8FA77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161641/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161641	Fig3. Chthamalusalaninom.nov.A,B,lightstereomicroscopyshowinginnersideofpairedscutumandtergum,LaPazspecimen.C,scanningElectron Micrograph(SEM)showingtheinnersideofscutumandtergum,Mazatlanspecimen.D,pairedarticulatedscutumandtergum,aLaPazspecimen,showing theobliquearticulationoftheplates(a). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g003	Fig3. Chthamalusalaninom.nov.A,B,lightstereomicroscopyshowinginnersideofpairedscutumandtergum,LaPazspecimen.C,scanningElectron Micrograph(SEM)showingtheinnersideofscutumandtergum,Mazatlanspecimen.D,pairedarticulatedscutumandtergum,aLaPazspecimen,showing theobliquearticulationoftheplates(a). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g003	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE630C8402C7794EF60BB8FA77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161645/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161645	Fig4. Chthamalusalaninom.nov.Matzalan,Mexico.A,B,cirrusI,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetae(bi)withorwithoutbasalguards(bg), enlargedinB.C,D,cirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetae(bi)withbasalguards(bg)onthefirstfewsegments(indicatedbydoubleend arrows)inD.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownasinsertsinE-H.Scalebars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g004	Fig4. Chthamalusalaninom.nov.Matzalan,Mexico.A,B,cirrusI,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetae(bi)withorwithoutbasalguards(bg), enlargedinB.C,D,cirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetae(bi)withbasalguards(bg)onthefirstfewsegments(indicatedbydoubleend arrows)inD.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownasinsertsinE-H.Scalebars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g004	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE630C8402C7794EF60BB8FA77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161606/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161606	Fig5. Chthamalusalaninom.nov.Matzalan,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,magnifiedviewshowingthenotchregionofmaxillule.D,mandible.E, fourthtooth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.F,mandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g005	Fig5. Chthamalusalaninom.nov.Matzalan,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,magnifiedviewshowingthenotchregionofmaxillule.D,mandible.E, fourthtooth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.F,mandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g005	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE63078403C77949FC0B0CF967.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161639	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE63078403C77949FC0B0CF967.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161608/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161608	Fig6. Chthamalusanisopoma,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,wholeviewshowingtheorificefilledbytheleftscutumand tergum.B,innerviewofscutumandtergum,showingthemarkedlyassymetricalplates,withlargerleftscutumandtergum.C,outerviewofpairedscutum andtergum.D,innerviewofscutumandtergum,showingalargerrightscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g006	Fig6. Chthamalusanisopoma,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,wholeviewshowingtheorificefilledbytheleftscutumand tergum.B,innerviewofscutumandtergum,showingthemarkedlyassymetricalplates,withlargerleftscutumandtergum.C,outerviewofpairedscutum andtergum.D,innerviewofscutumandtergum,showingalargerrightscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g006	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE63078403C77949FC0B0CF967.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161643/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161643	Fig7. Chthamalusanisopoma,LaPazBay,BajaCalifornia.A,B,cirrus I,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetae(bi)withoutbasalguardsenlarged inB.C,D.E,cirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedbydoubleendarrows)inanterior ramus(D)andposteriorramus(E).F,cirrusIII.G,cirrusIV.H,cirrusV.IntermediatesegmentofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VareshownasinsertsinE-H.Scale barsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g007	Fig7. Chthamalusanisopoma,LaPazBay,BajaCalifornia.A,B,cirrus I,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetae(bi)withoutbasalguardsenlarged inB.C,D.E,cirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedbydoubleendarrows)inanterior ramus(D)andposteriorramus(E).F,cirrusIII.G,cirrusIV.H,cirrusV.IntermediatesegmentofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VareshownasinsertsinE-H.Scale barsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g007	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE63078403C77949FC0B0CF967.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161594/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161594	Fig8. Chthamalusanisopoma,LaPazBay,BajaCalifornia.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleof mandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scale barsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g008	Fig8. Chthamalusanisopoma,LaPazBay,BajaCalifornia.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleof mandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scale barsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g008	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6306841AC7794AE60A96FA78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161639	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6306841AC7794AE60A96FA78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161596/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161596	Fig9. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,lightmicrogaphshowingpairedarticulatedscutumand tergum.Notethescutumandtergumarearticulatedtransversely.B-F,SEMphotographs.B,C,E,F,Innerviewsofpairedscutum,outerandinnerviewof tergum.D.Innerandouterviewofpairedscutumandtergum.Notetheabsenceoflongitudinalfurrowonoutersurfaceoftergumandtheslightlyasymmetry ofpairedscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g009	Fig9. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,lightmicrogaphshowingpairedarticulatedscutumand tergum.Notethescutumandtergumarearticulatedtransversely.B-F,SEMphotographs.B,C,E,F,Innerviewsofpairedscutum,outerandinnerviewof tergum.D.Innerandouterviewofpairedscutumandtergum.Notetheabsenceoflongitudinalfurrowonoutersurfaceoftergumandtheslightlyasymmetry ofpairedscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g009	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6306841AC7794AE60A96FA78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161598/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161598	Fig10. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,cirrusI,whitearrowsshowalongitudinalarrayofsetaeon outersurfaceofposteriorramus.B,C,D,CirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedby doubleendarrows)on:C,anteriorramus;D,posteriorramus.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,CirrusVI.Intermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirri III-VIareshownasinsertsin E-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g010	Fig10. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,cirrusI,whitearrowsshowalongitudinalarrayofsetaeon outersurfaceofposteriorramus.B,C,D,CirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedby doubleendarrows)on:C,anteriorramus;D,posteriorramus.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,CirrusVI.Intermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirri III-VIareshownasinsertsin E-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g010	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6306841AC7794AE60A96FA78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161600/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161600	Fig11. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth, pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrum showingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011	Fig11. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth, pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrum showingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE631F8412C77949FC0DCAFA4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161639	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE631F8412C77949FC0DCAFA4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161602/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161602	Fig12. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.SEMshowingscutumandtergum.A,holotype(NHMUK2016.9),PanamaCity,innerviewofpairedscutumand tergum.B,additionalspecimens(TEPE78-1),FarfanPoint.Innerviewandouterviewofscutumandouterviewoftergum.C,D,pairedscutumandtergum fromadditionalspecimens(TEPE78-1),FarfanPoint.Notethevariationintheshapeofthescutumandtergumamongsamples. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g012	Fig12. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.SEMshowingscutumandtergum.A,holotype(NHMUK2016.9),PanamaCity,innerviewofpairedscutumand tergum.B,additionalspecimens(TEPE78-1),FarfanPoint.Innerviewandouterviewofscutumandouterviewoftergum.C,D,pairedscutumandtergum fromadditionalspecimens(TEPE78-1),FarfanPoint.Notethevariationintheshapeofthescutumandtergumamongsamples. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g012	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE631F8412C77949FC0DCAFA4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161610/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161610	Fig13. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Holotype(NHMUK2016.9),PanamaCity.A,B,cirrusI,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetae(bi)withor withoutbasalguards(bg),enlargedinB,C,D,E.F,cirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments (indicatedbydoubleendarrows)oftheanteriorramus(D)andtheposteriorramus(E)andmagnifiedviewofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthetip oftheposteriorramus(F).G,cirrusIII.H,intermediatesegmentofanteriorramusofcirrus III.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g013	Fig13. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Holotype(NHMUK2016.9),PanamaCity.A,B,cirrusI,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetae(bi)withor withoutbasalguards(bg),enlargedinB,C,D,E.F,cirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments (indicatedbydoubleendarrows)oftheanteriorramus(D)andtheposteriorramus(E)andmagnifiedviewofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthetip oftheposteriorramus(F).G,cirrusIII.H,intermediatesegmentofanteriorramusofcirrus III.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g013	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE631F8412C77949FC0DCAFA4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161612/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161612	Fig14. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Holotype(NHMUK2016.9),PanamaCity.A,B,cirrusIV.B,enlargedintermediatesegmentofanteriorramusof cirrusIV.C,D,cirrusV.D,enlargedintermediatesegmentofanteriorramusofcirrusV.E,F,cirrusVIF,enlargedintermediatesegmentofanteriorramusof cirrusVI.G,serrulatesetaeonbasipoditeofcirrusVI,H,setaeontipofanteriorramusofcirrusVI.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g014	Fig14. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Holotype(NHMUK2016.9),PanamaCity.A,B,cirrusIV.B,enlargedintermediatesegmentofanteriorramusof cirrusIV.C,D,cirrusV.D,enlargedintermediatesegmentofanteriorramusofcirrusV.E,F,cirrusVIF,enlargedintermediatesegmentofanteriorramusof cirrusVI.G,serrulatesetaeonbasipoditeofcirrusVI,H,setaeontipofanteriorramusofcirrusVI.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g014	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE631F8412C77949FC0DCAFA4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161614/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161614	Fig15. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Paratype(ASIZCR-000341),PanamaCity.SEMs.A–G,cirrusI.B,serrulatesetae.C,bidenticulatesetaeon anteriorramus.D,F,serrulatesetaeonanteriorandposteriorrami.G,papposesetaeonbasipodite.H-Q,cirrus II.Bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardson anterior(I)andposterior(J)rami.Variationinthestructureofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards(notethenumberofbasalguards)(K,P).serrulatesetae (Q,R,S).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g015	Fig15. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Paratype(ASIZCR-000341),PanamaCity.SEMs.A–G,cirrusI.B,serrulatesetae.C,bidenticulatesetaeon anteriorramus.D,F,serrulatesetaeonanteriorandposteriorrami.G,papposesetaeonbasipodite.H-Q,cirrus II.Bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardson anterior(I)andposterior(J)rami.Variationinthestructureofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards(notethenumberofbasalguards)(K,P).serrulatesetae (Q,R,S).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g015	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE631F8412C77949FC0DCAFA4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161616/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161616	Fig16. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Holotype(NHMUK2016.9),PanamaCity.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,notchregionofmaxillule.D,mandible.E, secondtofourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.F,mandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g016	Fig16. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Holotype(NHMUK2016.9),PanamaCity.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,notchregionofmaxillule.D,mandible.E, secondtofourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.F,mandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g016	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE631F8412C77949FC0DCAFA4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161618/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161618	Fig17. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Paratype(ASIZCR-000341),PanamaCity.SEMsofmouthparts.A,B,C,maxilla,showingtheserrulatetype setaeenlargedinBandC.D,E,maxilluleshowingsimplesetaeonsurfaceofmaxillule,enlargedin(E),F,G,mandibleshowingpecten(G).I—K,mandible ofadditionalspecimen,detailsofthebidenticulateteeth(K)andpecten(J).L–N,mandibularpalpwithdetailsofserrulatesetaeonthesuperiormargin(M,N) andonthepalptip(N).P-Q,labrum,showingteethoncuttingmarginenlarged(Q).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g017	Fig17. Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.Paratype(ASIZCR-000341),PanamaCity.SEMsofmouthparts.A,B,C,maxilla,showingtheserrulatetype setaeenlargedinBandC.D,E,maxilluleshowingsimplesetaeonsurfaceofmaxillule,enlargedin(E),F,G,mandibleshowingpecten(G).I—K,mandible ofadditionalspecimen,detailsofthebidenticulateteeth(K)andpecten(J).L–N,mandibularpalpwithdetailsofserrulatesetaeonthesuperiormargin(M,N) andonthepalptip(N).P-Q,labrum,showingteethoncuttingmarginenlarged(Q).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g017	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6317842CC77949DE0A34FE20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161639	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6317842CC77949DE0A34FE20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161620/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161620	Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018	Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6317842CC77949DE0A34FE20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161622	Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019	Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6317842CC77949DE0A34FE20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161624	Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020	Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6317842CC77949DE0A34FE20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161626/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161626	Fig21. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.LightMicrographs.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C.mandible.D,secondto fourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E-F,mandibularpalp,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp(F).G,labrum. H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g021	Fig21. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.LightMicrographs.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C.mandible.D,secondto fourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E-F,mandibularpalp,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp(F).G,labrum. H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g021	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
03D887BE6317842CC77949DE0A34FE20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/1161628/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161628	Fig22. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-C,maxilla.B,C,detailsofserrulatesetaeontipsofthetwo lobesofmaxilla.D,E,maxillule,withdetailofsimplesetae(E).F-H,mandible.G,detailsofthebidenticulatesecond,thirdandfourthteethonthemandible. H-J,Mandible,withdetailofpecten(I)andsimplesetaeonoutermargin(J).K,Pectenofmandible fromadditionalspecimen.L-N,Mandibularpalpwith detailsofserrulatesetaeontip(M)andonsuperiormargin(N).O,P,Labrumwithdetailofcuttingedge(P).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g022	Fig22. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-C,maxilla.B,C,detailsofserrulatesetaeontipsofthetwo lobesofmaxilla.D,E,maxillule,withdetailofsimplesetae(E).F-H,mandible.G,detailsofthebidenticulatesecond,thirdandfourthteethonthemandible. H-J,Mandible,withdetailofpecten(I)andsimplesetaeonoutermargin(J).K,Pectenofmandible fromadditionalspecimen.L-N,Mandibularpalpwith detailsofserrulatesetaeontip(M)andonsuperiormargin(N).O,P,Labrumwithdetailofcuttingedge(P).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g022	2016-03-09	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward		Zenodo	biologists	Benny K. K. Chan;H. - N. Chen;P. R. Dando;A. J. Southward;E. C. Southward			
