taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E687F8294AFFA27ADC13F69FE9FCA9.taxon	description	Figs. 2 – 3 Achelia? gracilis Verrill, 1900: 582. Achelia (Pigrolavatus) gracilis, — Fry & Hedgpeth 1969: 104; (literature).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8294AFFA27ADC13F69FE9FCA9.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 8. — 2 males, 2 fem. (2 gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1377); shaded piles at jetty, from poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 24. IV. 1985. 8 males (2 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1378), same locality, 25. IV. 1985. 3 males (1 ov.), 1 fem., 2 juv. (ZFMK), same locality, 4. V. 1985. 3 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1379), piles at jetty exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 10. V. 1985. 7 males (3 ov.), 4 fem. (gravid) (ZMA 3386), shaded piles at jetty, from poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 1 male, 4 fem. (3 gravid) (MNHN), piles at jetty exposed to light, from porifera and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1380), shaded piles at jetty, from poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 16. V. 1985. 5 males, 4 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1381), same locality, 18. V. 1985. 3 males, 2 fem. (gravid) (INVEMAR), same locality, 0 – 1 m, 19. V. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1382), from poriferans and hydroids, 5 – 7 m, 27. V. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1383), same locality, from hydroids and bryozoans, 1 – 3 m, 17. VI. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1384), piles at jetty exposed to light, from different encrusting taxa on ropes and fishing lines, 0.5 – 6 m, 2. VIII. 1985. 8 males (1 ov.), 3 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1385), shaded piles at jetty, from Cnidoscyphus, 0 – 1 m, 10. V. 1985. 3 males (ov.), 6 fem. (5 gravid) (SMF 1386), same locality, 24. XI. 1985. 3 males (1 ov.) (ZSM), same locality, different encrusting taxa, 0 – 1 m, 17. XII. 1985. 2 fem. (gravid gravid) (SMF 1387), same locality, hydroids, 0 – 2 m, 1. II. 1986. 3 males, 1 fem. (USNM), same locality, from poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 14. III. 1986. 12. — 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1388), from hydroids and octocorals, 16 – 18 m, 16. IX. 1985. 2 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1389), from hydroids and bryozoans, 11 – 15 m, 2. X. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1390), coral rubble, 18 m, 2. X. 1985. 13. — 3 males (1 ov.) (SMF 1391), coral rubble, 18 m, 2. X. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8294AFFA27ADC13F69FE9FCA9.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk oval in dorsal view, compact, crurigers touching. Cephalon antero-laterally with small tubercle bearing one short apical seta. Ocular process higher than its diameter, distally rounded, with distinctly pigmented eyes. Crurigers 1 – 3 with dorso-distal tubercle terminating in single seta. Abdomen sloping backwards and narrowing distally, armed with some short setae; abdomen overreaching crurigers 4 by half of its length. Proboscis a protracted oval, about as long as trunk and widest in its middle part. Scape of cheliphores about 3 times as long as broad, distally with 2 short setae. Chela rudimentary, a mere stump, exteriorly with one short seta. Palp 7 - articled; 2 nd article longest, 4 th just shorter; characteristically long 6 th article (possibly the fusion of two shorter articles); 6 th and 7 th articles ventrally and distally with numerous setae. Oviger of 10 articles; 4 th and 5 th articles elongated, about equal in length; the shortened articles 8 – 10 bearing pairs of specialized spines (flattened with serrated edges). Legs robust; coxa 1 of legs 1 – 2 with 4 dorso-lateral spinose tubercles, coxa 1 of leg 3 with 3 dorso-lateral spinose tubercles and of leg 4 with only 2 dorso-lateral spinose tubercles. Coxa 2 of legs 1 – 4 generally with 2, rarely 3 lateral spinose tubercles in their distal area; coxa 3 of legs 1 – 4 without tubercles or setae; cement duct a dorso-distal prolonged cone-shaped process on femur, apically ending in a short tube-shaped section; tibiae 1 and 2 bearing numerous setae, as well as one short proximal and one longer distal spine. Tarsus slightly longer than broad, mostly with one short vetral spine and 2 short setae. Propodus slightly curved, no heel; sole with 3 short spines in basal third, distally with about 7 short setae; main claws feebly curved and of half length of propodus; auxiliary claws about 4 / 5 as long as main claw. Measurements (mm): Length 0.63; width 0.53 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.21; length of proboscis 0.52; length of cheliphore 0.18; 3 rd leg: coxa 1, 0.13; coxa 2, 0.28; coxa 3, 0.13; femur 0.61; tibia 1, 0.55; tibia 2, 0.61; tarsus 0.07; propodus 0.36; main claw 0.18; auxiliary claw 0.13. Female: Habitus similar to male, but numbers of tubercles on crurigers fewer and the tubercles feebler. Coxa 1 of all legs with 1 pair of small dorso-distal tubercles only. Ovigers shorter than in males; 7 th article of oviger shorter, articles 7 – 10 with pairs of flat serrated spines.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8294AFFA27ADC13F69FE9FCA9.taxon	discussion	Remarks: After the original description by Verrill (1990: 582) the species was figured by Cole (1904 b: 317) and Hedgpeth (1948: 244) only, but in little detail and without regard to the sexual dimorphism. A. gracilis is in habitus similar to Achelia sawayai Marcus 1940 b (q. v.) and may be easily confused with that species without closer examination. The dorso-distal tubercles on the crurigers in the males of A. gracilis are stronger and the coxae of legs 1 – 2 show 4 tubercles as opposed to 3 with A. sawayai. A clear differentiating character — also in the females — is the number and shape of palp articles of both species (A. gracilis: 7, A. sawayai: 8). The preferred substrata of both species are also different: While A. gracilis extends to deeper water (maximally 18 m in our research area) and was sampled mainly on the piles of the jetty in the Santa Marta harbour, A. sawayai shows a preference to stands of algae and seagrass in shallow water. A circumscribed reproduction period is not recognizable. Ovigerous males were found in months IV – V and X – XII, females with ripe ova in II, IV – V and VIII – IX, juveniles in IV – V.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8294AFFA27ADC13F69FE9FCA9.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tropical and subtropical western Atlantic. — Bermuda (Cole 1904 b: 317), Hedgpeth (1948: 244) and Verrill (1900: 582); Bahamas (Giltay 1934 b: 5); Martinique Bourdillon (1955: 597); Barbados (Müller 1992: 43); Florida, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands (Stock 1975 a: 983); Curaçao (Stock 1979: 10); Channel of Yucatán (Stock 1986: 416) and Caribbean Coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82957FFA67ADC142D9D9DFD83.taxon	description	Figs. 4 – 5	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82957FFA67ADC142D9D9DFD83.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 3. — 6 males (1 ov.), 2 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1540), under large stone blocks on a sandy bottom, ca. 0.5 m, 30. XII. 1985. 6. — 5 males (2 ov.), 13 fem. (8 gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1541), Thalassia, 2 m, 1. VIII. 1985. 5 males (2 ov.), 2 fem. (2 gravid) (SMF 1542), same locality, 10. IX. 1985. 5 males (1 ov.), 8 females (SMF 1543), same locality, 3 m, 9. X. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 1 juv. (SMF 1544), same locality, 12. XII. 1985. 7. — 4 males (1 ov.) (SMF 1545), from Syringodium, 3 m, 12. XII. 1985. 8. — 1 male (SMF 1546), jetty piles exposed to light, encrusted by corallinaceous red algae and hydroids, 0 - 1 m, 24. IV. 1985. 1 male, 2 fem. (SMF 1547), jetty piles exposed to light, encrusted by algae and poriferans, 10. V. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1548), from poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 4 males (3 ov.), 4 fem. (SMF 1549), piles of jetty exposed to light with poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 3 males (1 ov.) (SMF 1550), shaded jetty piles with poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 19. V. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1551), shaded jetty piles with poriferans and hydroids, 1 – 3 m, 17. VI. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1552), piles of jetty exposed to light with detritus and Cnidoscyphus, 0 – 1 m, 31. VII. 1985. 4 males (3 ov.), 9 fem. (6 gravid) (SMF 1553), shaded jetty piles with Cnidoscyphus, 0 – 1 m, 17. X. 1985. 1 male, 2 fem. (1 gravid) (SMF 1554), same locality, 24. XI. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1555), same locality, with different encrusting organisms, 0 – 1 m, 17. XII. 1985. 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1556), same locality, with hydroids, 0 – 2 m, 1. II. 1986. 2 males, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1557), same locality, with poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 14. III. 1986. 9. — 1 juv. (SMF 1558), under large stone blocks on a sandy bottom, 0 – 0.5 m, 31. XII. 1985. 10. — 5 males (1 ov.), 6 fem. (3 gravid), 16 juv. (SMF 1559), algae on rock, lower mesolittoral, 7. V. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1560), same locality, 8. V. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 3 fem. (2 gravid), 8 juv. (SMF 1561), 10. V. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid), 6 juv. (SMF 1562), phaeophyceans on rock, lower mesolittoral, 12. V. 1985. 2 males (ov.), 3 fem. (2 gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1563), Sargassum growing on rock, mesolittoral, 3. VII. 1985. 5 juv. (SMF 1564), with Digenia and Sargassum on rock, mesolittoral, 31. IX. 1985. 15. — 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1565), from phaeophyceans, 5 – 7 m, 22. V. 1985. 16. — 55 males (3 ov.), 67 fem. (39 gravid), 23 juv. (SMF 1566), phaeophyceans on rock, mesolittoral, 22. V. 1985. 8 males (1 ov.), 5 fem. (4 gravid), 1 juv. (INVEMAR), phaeo- and rhodophyceans on rock, mesolittoral, 15. VII. 1985. 1 male (ZSM), phaeophyceans on rock, lower mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986. 17. — 3 males, 8 fem. (6 gravid) (ZMA 3354), from Cnidoscyphus on rock, mesolittoral, 8. VII. 1985. 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1567), same locality, 15. VII. 1985. 1 fem., 3 juv. (SMF 1568), under blocks of rock, 0 – 0.5 m, 7. I. 1986. 18. — 1 fem. (SMF 1569), from Halocordyle on rock, ca. 1 m, 23. VI. 1985. 19. — 1 male, 2 fem. (gravid) (ZSM), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 27. VI. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1570), same locality, 8. VIII. 1985. 2 males (SMF 1571), same locality, 7. XII. 1985. 3 males (1 ov.), 4 fem. (2 gravid) (ZFMK), same locality, 12. II. 1986. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1572), same locality, 3. III. 1986. 8 males (3 ov.), 3 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1573), same locality, 2. V. 1986. 20. — 17 males (3 ov.), 15 fem. (14 gravid), 3 juv. (SMF 1574), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 5 l of substratum, 0 – 0.5 m, 7. VI. 1985. 2 males, 3 fem. (gravid) (USNM), same locality, 9. IX. 1985. 2 males, 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1575), same locality, 2. X. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1576), same locality, 8. XI. 1985. 2 males (1 gravid) (SMF 1577), same locality, 7. XII. 1985. 3 males, 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1578), same locality, 7. I. 1986. 3 males (SMF 1579), same locality, 3. III. 1986. 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1580), same locality, 3. IV. 1986. 1 male (SMF 1581), same locality, 2. V. 1986. 21. — 17 males (7 ov.), 14 fem. (11 gravid), 3 juv. (SMF 1582), Digenia simplex on rock, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 7. VI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1583), same locality, 5. VII. 1985. 11 males (2 ov.), 8 fem. (2 gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1584), same locality, 8. VII. 1985. 11 males (3 ov.), 7 fem. (gravid), 8 juv. (SMF 1585), same locality, 13. VIII. 1985. 1 male, 2 fem. (gravid), 5 juv. (SMF 1586), same locality, 9. IX. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1587), same locality, 2. X. 1985. 8 males (3 ov.), 9 fem. (gravid), 15 juv. (SMF 1588), same locality, 8. XI. 1985. 1 male, 4 fem. (2 gravid), 13 juv. (SMF 1589), same locality, 12. II. 1986. 2 juv. (SMF 1590), same locality, 3. IV. 1986. 2 juv. (SMF 1591), same locality, 2. V. 1986. 22. — 19 males (8 ov.), 11 fem. (5 gravid), 15 juv. (SMF 1592), reef surface from Halimeda, mesolitoral, 14. IV. 1986. 23. — 1 male (SMF 1593), drifting Sargassum over sandy bottom, 7 – 9 m, 31. V. 1985. 24. — 1 male (SMF 1594), Thalassia with corallinaceans, 2 m, 4. IX. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1595), Thalassia, 1 m, 4. IX. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1596), same locality, 0.5 – 1 m, 8. IX. 1985. 7 males (2 ov.), 4 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1597), Thalassia with corallinaceans, 1 m, 21. I. 1986. 27. — 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1598), coral rubble in a stand of Thalassia, 0.5 m, 13. IX. 1985. 28. — 1 male, 3 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1559), under stones in about 0.5 m, 4. IV. 1986. 31. — 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1600), from phaeophyceans and rhodophyceans on rock, mesolittoral, 9. IV. 1986. 33. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1601), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 17. I. 1986. 34. — 2 males (ov.), 5 fem. (1 gravid), 3 juv. (SMF 1602), under stones in about. 0.5 m, 10. IV. 1986. 38. — 12 males (4 ov.), 6 fem. (3 gravid), 8 juv. (SMF 1603), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 17. III. 1986. 39. — 9 males (4 ov.), 7 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1604), from stones, 0 – 0.5 m, 17. III. 1986. 11 males (6 ov.), 4 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1605), same locality, 14. IV. 1986. 45. — 3 males, 1 fem. (SMF 1606), from algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 26. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82957FFA67ADC142D9D9DFD83.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk outline almost circular, all segments fused; crurigers touching or slightly separated. Cephalon bearing low tubercle above origin of palps, terminating in one short seta. Ocular process about as high as its basal diameter, distally rounded, eyes distinctly pigmented. Crurigers 1 – 4 often with low setaceous tubercle close to dorso-distal margin. Abdomen feebly bent dorsally, distally narrower and adorned with some setae; abdomen overreaching 4 th crurigers by more than half of its length. Proboscis very slender, broadest in basal half. Scape of cheliphores about 2.5 times as long as diameter, dorsodistally with some regularly spaced short setae. Cheliphores mere stumps, with short lateral seta. Palps with 8 articles; 2 nd and 4 th articles longest, about three times as long as broad; articles 6 – 8 with several ventral or distal setae. Oviger of 10 articles; 4 th and 5 th the longest, slender; articles 8 – 10 with pairs of serrated flattened setae. Legs relatively robust; coxae 1 of all legs with robust dorsal tubercle and additional tubercle on their antero-lateral and postero-lateral aspects, which may be somewhat variable; coxa 2 of all legs distally adorned with small antero- and postero-lateral tubercles bearing some setae; coxa 3 of all legs without tubercles; cement gland opening via dorso-distal cone-shaped process of the femur, ending in very short tube-shaped duct; tibia 1 and tibia 2 of about same length, with several long setae and some slender dorsal spiniform setae; tarsus slightly longer than broad, with 3 short ventral setae; propodus feebly curved, without heel; sole with 6 – 8 short stiff setae; main claw relatively short and robust, about 1 / 3 as long as propodus; auxiliary claws about 4 / 5 as long as main claw. Measurements: Length 0.41; width 0.43 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.14; length of proboscis 0.44; length of cheliphores 0.11; leg 3: coxa 1, 0.11; coxa 2, 0.11; coxa 3, 0.10; femur 0.31; tibia 1, 0.26; tibia 2, 0.31; tarsus 0.04; propodus 0.24; main claw 0.08; auxiliary claw 0.07. Female: generally similar to males, with the following differences: coxae 1 of all legs distally with 2 small tubercles only which bear setae; dorso-distal tubercles on coxae 2 of all legs less developed. Ovigers shorter, 7 th article shorter than in males; specialized spines on articles 5 – 10.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82957FFA67ADC142D9D9DFD83.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The development of tubercles on trunk segments and on coxae 1 – 2 of all legs is very variable in both sexes, as in many species of this difficult genus, which badly needs a revision. Achelia sawayai colonizes a variety of substrata and seems to be restricted to shallow water (in our research area 0 – 10 m). Most specimens came from stands of algae and seagrass in the upper sublittoral from 0 – 2 m. Ovigerous males were sampled all year round, eurychronous.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82957FFA67ADC142D9D9DFD83.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Since the original description from Brazil the species has been collected in great numbers; it may be regarded as one of the most frequent species in the tropical western Atlantic. Some occasional findings outside that region were recorded from western Africa (Fage 1949 a: 28), Madagascar (Stock 1974: 14), the isles of Fiji (Müller 1990 b: 105) and the Society Archipelago (Moorea, Müller 1989: 124; Bora Bora, Müller 1990 a: 186).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82953FFA67ADC15039983FBB4.taxon	description	2. Second trunk segment with a pair of short dorso-median club-shaped setae ............................................. A. spinifera Trunk segments in the dorso-median region without setae ........................................................................................... 3 3. Crurigers 1 – 3 with 4, crurigers 4 with 2 lateral spinose tubercles ................................................................. A. marcusi Crurigers without lateral spinose tubercles ................................................................................................................... 4 4. Crurigers with a long, very slender tubercle which is twice as long as the diameter of crurigers .... A. gertrudae n. sp. Crurigers without such long slender tubercle ............................................................................................................... 5 5. Trunk very slender, ocular process 7 times and tibia 2 about 20 times as long as their respective diameter, mostly in deep water. ............................................................................................................................................... A. panamensis Trunk rather robust, ocular process 5 times higher than diameter, tibia 2 about 7 times as long as broad, prefers uppermost shallow water .................................................................................................................... A. appendiculata	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82953FFA57ADC13D9981EFE4D.taxon	description	Fig. 6	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82953FFA57ADC13D9981EFE4D.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 6. — 1 male (ov.), 3 juv. (MNHN), Thalassia, 2 m, 1. VIII. 1985. 4 juv. (SMF 1610), Thalassia, 10. IX. 1985. 11 males (10 ov.), 11 fem. (8 gravid), 18 juv. (SMF 1611), Thalassia, 3 m, 9. X. 1985. 2 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (ZSM), Thalassia, 12. XII. 1985. 2 males (ov.), 3 fem. (2 gravid) (ZFMK), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 13. I. 1986. 9. — 1 adult without legs (SMF 1612), under stone blocks, 1 – 2 m, 4. II. 1986. 1 male, 1 fem., 1 adult lacking legs (SMF 1613), coral rubble, 5 – 6 m, 14. III. 1986. 19. — 1 male (USNM), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 27. VI. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 2 juv. (ZSM), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 5. VII. 1985. 1 adult without legs, 6 juv. (SMF 1614), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 7. XII. 1985. 9 males (7 ov.), 2 fem. (gravid), 15 juv., 18 adults without legs (SMF 1615), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 12. II. 1986. 22. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1616), on Halimeda, mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986. 24. — 2 males (ov.), 4 juv. (ZMA 3347), Thalassia with corallinaceans and Cnidoscyphus, 1 – 2 m, 9. VIII. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 juv. (SMF 1617), Thalassia with corallinaceans, 2 m, 4. IX. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1618), Thalassia, 0.5 – 1 m, 8. IX. 1985. 4 males (2 ov.), 4 fem. (3 gravid), 19 juv. (INVEMAR), Thalassia with corallinaceans, 1 m, 21. I. 1986. 29. — 4 males (2 ov.), 7 fem. (5 gravid), 23 juv. (SMF 1619), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 21. I. 1986. 30. — 5 males (4 ov.), 6 fem. (5 gravid), 11 juv. (SMF 1620), Thalassia, 2 m, 29. V. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1621), Thalassia, 6. VI. 1985. 1 male, 2 juv. (SMF 1622), Thalassia, 19. VI. 1985. 5 males (1 ov.), 2 fem. (1 gravid), 22 juv. (SMF 1623), Thalassia, 4. VII. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1624), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 6. VIII. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 fem., 2 juv. (SMF 1625), Thalassia, 0.5 – 2 m, 11. IX. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 3 juv. (SMF 1626), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 4. X. 1985. 11 males (6 ov.), 4 fem. (3 gravid), 61 juv. (SMF 1627), Thalassia, 2 – 3 m, 4. XII. 1985. 46 males (19 ov.), 36 fem. (24 gravid), 282 juv. (SMF 1628), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 17. I. 1986. 23 males (17 ov.), 11 fem. (7 gravid), 90 juv. (SMF 1629), Thalassia, 1 – 3 m, 24. I. 1986. 33. — 9 juv. (SMF 1630), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 27. V. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1631), Thalassia, 0 – 1 m, 5. VIII. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 27 juv. (SMF 1632), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 20. XII. 1985. 3 males (1 ov.), 20 juv. (SMF 1633), Thalassia, 17. I. 1986. 38. — 2 males, 2 fem. (gravid), 8 juv. (SMF 1634), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 17. III. 1986. 39. — 1 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1635), under stones, mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986. 40. — 1 male (SMF 1636), Thalassia, 1 – 3.5 m, 8. VIII. 1985. 41. — 2 juv. (SMF 1637), Syringodium, 3 m, 20. XII. 1985. 43. — 16 males (8 ov.), 12 fem. (6 gravid), 11 juv. (SMF 1638), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82953FFA57ADC13D9981EFE4D.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk slender, oval in dorsal view, completely segmented; crurigers separated by slightly more than their diameter. Ocular process 5 – 7 times as tall as its diameter, distally bearing distinctly pigmented eyes. Crurigers 1 – 4 each showing short dorso-distal club-shaped seta. Abdomen almost at right angles to trunk or directed straight backwards, with some simple or clavate setae; if abdomen directed backwards, about two thirds of its length project over the 4 th crurigers. Proboscis a protracted oval, about 3 times as long as its diameter, narrowest proximally. Scape of cheliphores two-articled, 5 times as long as broad, distally enlarged; proximal article about 2 / 5 length of distal article; proximal article on its retro-lateral aspect with short clavate seta; distal article of scape with some simple and some clavate setae distributed irregularly; chela a mere stump without setae. Palp of 9 articles, 2 nd and 4 th articles longest; 2 nd article about 5.5 times as long as wide, 4 th article about 4.2 times as long as wide; articles 5 – 9 with several setae, mainly ventral and distal. Oviger of 10 articles, 2 nd, 4 th and 5 th articles prolonged; 7 th article with long spine, articles 8 – 10 with pair of serrated spines. Legs relatively slender; coxa 1 of leg 1 bearing simple antero-lateral seta and two distal clavate setae; coxa 1 of legs 2 – 4 with simple seta prolaterally and single dorsal clavate seta; coxa 2 barely longer than coxa 3, with some dorsal clavate and some simple setae; femur and tibia 1 of about same length; tube of cement gland on dorso-distal aspect of femur, about 1 / 3 of femur length; femur, tibia 1 and tibia 2 with several simple and clavate setae in irregular distribution; tibia 1 and tibia 2 additionally with 2 slender spines on dorsal aspect; tarsus slightly longer than broad, with one dorso-distal and 2 ventro-distal setae; propodus slightly curved, without heel; sole with 3 robust spines in basal half and 6 finer spines in distal half; main claw about 2 / 5 of propodus length, feebly curved; auxiliary claw about 4 / 5 length of main claw, more-strongly curved. Measurements: Trunk length 0.81; width 0.74 (across 2 nd crurigers); Length of abdomen 0.58; Length of proboscis 0.7; Length of cheliphore 0.57. Leg 3: coxa 1, 0.08; coxa 2, 0,34; coxa 3, 0.23; femur 0.64; tibia 1, 0.68; tibia 2, 0.61; tarsus 0.08; propodus 0.03; main claw 0.19; auxiliary claw 0.15. Female: generally like male. Long spine on 7 th article of oviger absent, replaced by pair of serrated spines. Femur and coxa 2 of all legs more robust than in males.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82953FFA57ADC13D9981EFE4D.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The height of the ocular process, the length of abdomen, and the relative length of the two articles of the cheliphore scape vary a bit. Mostly this last character was used to differentiate between A. appendiculata and A. rugulosa, which were considered for a long time as two very closely related species. In the meantime the view that A. rugulosa and A. appendiculata are conspecific prevails. Child (1982: 357) wrote: " I have no stronger criteria for keeping the species separate, ... ". Stock (1975 a: 975) also doubts the status of A. rugulosa as an independent species. Neither morphology nor ecology in the material from Colombia gave any hint whatsoever to regard them as twin species. So we consider A. rugulosa here as a junior synonym of A. appendiculata. Ammothella appendiculata avoids deeper water, and in the area researched was never encountered below 6 m depth. A predilection for seagrass is evident. Ovigerous males were found all year round with exception of months III and XI.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82953FFA57ADC13D9981EFE4D.taxon	distribution	Distribution: The species is widely distributed in the tropical and temperate Atlantic as well as in the Mediterranean. A few records are known from the Red Sea (see Stock 1964 a: 27), but only a single one from the Pacific coast of America is reported, from Panamá (Stock 1975 a: 973).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82950FFAB7ADC154598A5FB43.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82950FFAB7ADC154598A5FB43.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 10. — 4 juv. (SMF 1218), algae growing on rock, mesolittoral, 10. V. 1985. 19. — 19 males (12 ov.), 13 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1219), Thalassia, 5 l of substrate, 0.5 – 4 m, 27. VI. 1985. 1 male, 1 juv. (ZSM), same locality, 5. VII. 1985. 4 males (1 gravid), 3 fem. (gravid), 3 juv. (ZFMK), same locality, 13. VIII. 1985. 3 fem. (gravid) (USNM), same locality, 8. XI. 1985. 6 juv. (SMF 1220), same locality, 7. XII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1221), same locality, 7. I. 1986. 5 juv. (SMF 1222), same locality, 12. II. 1986. 1 juv. (SMF 1223), same locality, 3. III. 1986. 2 males, 1 fem. (gravid), 3 juv. (ZMA 3351), same locality, 2. IV. 1986. 24. — 2 males, 1 fem. (gravid), 6 juv. (INVEMAR), Thalassia with corallinaceans and Cnidoscyphus, 1 – 2 m, 9. VIII. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 juv. (SMF 1224), Thalassia with corallinaceans, 2 m, 4. IX. 1985. 2 fem. (1 gravid) (MNHN). Thalassia, 1 m, 4. IX. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 2 fem., 2 juv. (ZSM), Thalassia, 0.5 – 1 m, 8. IX. 1985. 8 males (3 ov.), 6 fem. (4 gravid), 31 juv. (SMF 1225), Thalassia with corallinaceans, 1 m, 21. I. 1986. 27. — 1 male (SMF 1226), Thalassia with coral rubble, 0.5 m, 13. IX. 1985. 9 males (1 ov.), 6 fem. (gravid), 10 juv. (SMF 1227), coral rubble among Thalassia, 1 m, 1. XI. 1985. 30. — 9 males (1 ov.), 6 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1228), Thalassia, 2 m, 29. V. 1985. 3 males (ov.), 4 fem. (3 gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1229), same locality, 6. VI. 1985. 10 males (4 ov.), 6 fem. (5 gravid), 5 juv. (SMF 1230), same locality, 4. VII. 1985. 4 juv. (SMF 1231), same locality, 0.5 – 2 m, 11. IX. 1985. 3 males, 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1232), same locality, 1 – 2 m, 4. X. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 3 fem. (gravid), 14 juv. (SMF 1233), same locality, 2 – 3 m, 4. XII. 1985. 5 males (3 ov.), 4 fem. (3 gravid), 33 juv. (SMF 1234), same locality, 1 – 2 m, 17. I. 1986. 7 males (6 ov.), 6 fem. (5 gravid), 7 juv. (SMF 1235), same locality, 1 – 3 m, 24. I. 1986. 3 juv. (SMF 1236), same locality, 1 – 2 m, 9. II. 1986. 33. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1237), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 14. XI. 1985. 13 juv. (SMF 1238), same locality, 17. I. 1986. 43. — 41 males (7 ov.), 23 fem. (17 gravid), 66 juv. (SMF 1239), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. 44. — 4 males (2 ov.), 3 fem. (1 gravid), 3 juv. (SMF 1240), Syringodium, 25. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82950FFAB7ADC154598A5FB43.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk compact, of nearly circular outline, segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers almost touching each other. Ocular process about four times as tall as its basal diameter, distally terminating in tiny tip. Eyes clearly pigmented. Cephalon bearing small tooth-like tubercle on lateral margin of ocular process and long slender process on its distal side; cephalon with several additional small tubercles above origin of palps. All crurigers dorsodistally and dorso-laterally with several partly ramified tubercles. Vertical finger-like tubercles on dorsal hind margin of trunk segments 1 and 2. Abdomen antero-basally with similar process split at its base; short tooth-like tubercle dorso-distally on abdomen; in dorsal view, abdomen reaching by half of its length over 4 th crurigers, directed obliquely upwards; distally narrowed with some short setae. Proboscis very robust, oval in outline. Cheliphore scape two-articled, dorsally with several tubercles: 1 st article bearing one dorsodistal seta, 2 nd 3 – 7 finely pinnate setae; cheliphore stumps dorsally adorned with one finely pinnate seta. Palps 9 - articled, 2 nd article longest; articles 7 – 9 shortened and of almost equal length, densely beset with pinnate setae on ventral or distal margin of articles 5 – 9. Oviger 10 - articled; articles 4 and 5 elongated and of subequal length; 9 th and 10 th tiny terminal article with flat spines with serrated edges. Legs relatively short and robust; coxae 1 of all legs with several dorso-distal and dorso-lateral tubercles and setae; coxae 2 of legs 3 and 4 with slender ventro-distal genital tubercle; coxae 1 – 3 of legs 1 – 4 of nearly equal length; femur robust, only twice as long as broad; short cement gland duct of about 1 / 5 of femur length on its dorsodistal aspect; tibia 1 about as long as femur, but slenderer; tibia 2 only 4 / 5 as long as tibia 1; in addition to rich covering by short setae tibia 1 adorned with 2 dorsal spines, tibia 2 with one dorsal spine; tarsus slightly longer than broad, with 2 short ventral spines; propodus rather strongly curved, without heel; sole proximally with 3 robust spines, distally with 5 – 7 more slender spines; main claw about 2 / 3 lenghth of propodus, moderately curved; auxiliaries about 1 / 2 length of main claw. Measurements: Length of trunk 0.65; width (across 2 nd crurigers) 0.65; length of abdomen 0.33; proboscis length 0.61; length of cheliphora 0.41. Leg 3: coxa 1, 0.11; coxa 2, 0.14; coxa 3, 0.14; femur 0.37; tibia 1, 0.37; tibia 2, 0.35; tarsus 0.07; propodus 0.31; main claw 0.20; auxiliary 0.09. Female: In habitus very similar to males, coxae 2 of legs 3 and 4 without the male genital excrescence. Femora enlarged to contain the ova, so their breadth about 3 / 5 times their length. Oviger in its entirety much less setose than in the males.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82950FFAB7ADC154598A5FB43.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The species is closely related to Ammothella menziesi Hedgpeth, 1951 from California (Stock 1975 a: 978). A. menziesi is most easily distinguished from A. exornata by the lack of finger-like processes at the bases of ocular process and abdomen (compare: Hedgpeth 1951: 109, Pl. 2). A. exornata in this region is a species confined to shallow water, which was encountered here (with the exception of several juveniles) in meadows of seagrass only. Ovigerous males were found all year round, the months III – IV and X excepted.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82950FFAB7ADC154598A5FB43.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Found only in the Caribbean region. — St. Martin and Bonaire (Stock 1975 a: 975), Panamá (Child 1979: 9), Belize (Child 1982: 358), Martinique (Müller 1990 d: 278) and Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295EFFA97ADC127F9F15FDBA.taxon	description	Figs. 8 – 9	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295EFFA97ADC127F9F15FDBA.taxon	materials_examined	Material: Holotype: 5. — Subadult (SMF 1122), coral rubble, 30 m, 18. II. 1986 Paratypes: 3 juv. (SMF 1123) together with holotype.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295EFFA97ADC127F9F15FDBA.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Dedicated to Mrs. Gertrud Müller, the wife of the first author, for her manifold and constant help during his research stay in Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295EFFA97ADC127F9F15FDBA.taxon	description	Description of subadult holotype: Trunk outline oval, fully segmented. Crurigers separated by about own diameter at their bases, diverging distally. Cephalon with slender finger-like process above base of palp. Ocular process above base of palps, very high and slender, distally somewhat enlarged and bearing strongly pigmented eyes. Crurigers 1 – 4 dorso-distally bearing very slender processes, which on crurigers 1 – 3 measure about half height of ocular process and on crurigers 4 about 1 / 7 height of ocular process. Abdomen very long, directed obliquely backwards and curved; anterior aspect of abdomen in its proximal half with 3 longer and slender spines, in distal half with 3 setae. Proboscis prolonged oval, of about 3 / 4 trunk length. Cheliphores slender, scape two-articled; second article 3 times as long as first; distally somewhat enlarged, armed with some dorsal and lateral setae. Cheliphores with slender, strongly curved and toothless chelae fingers. Palps 9 - articled; 2 nd article longest, 4 th one slightly shorter; articles 5 – 9 short, with several longer, ventral, and distal setae; setae 2 – 3 times as long as diameter of articles. Oviger not yet fully developed — animal not fully mature. Coxa 1 of leg 1 with 3 dorso-distal setae, those of legs 2 – 4 with two dorso-distal setae; coxa 2 nearly twice as long as coxa 1 and coxa 3; femur, tibia 1 and tibia 2 of subequal length, slender and with numerous dorsal, lateral and ventral setae; tibia 1 and tibia 2 each with very long curved dorsal spine, mounted on cylindrical tubercles; tarsus short, with dorsal seta and two short ventral spines; propodus moderately curved, without heel; sole with 2 robust and relatively short spines in basal third; main claw half length of propodus, slender and strongly curved; auxilary claws thin and 4 / 5 length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 0.98; width 0.83 (at the 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.86; length of proboscis 0.75; length of cheliphores 0.79. Leg 3: coxa 1, 0.13; coxa 2, 0.33; coxa 3, 0.19; femur 0.68; tibia 1, 0.70; tibia 2, 0.73; tarsus 0.08; propodus 0.37; main claw 0.18; auxiliary claw 0.17.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295EFFA97ADC127F9F15FDBA.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Only 4 immatures and juveniles were available of this very characteristic new species. By the prominent slender tubercles on the crurigers A. gertrudae is distinguished instantly from all species in the Atlantic Ocean. It might be related to Ammothella setacea (Helfer, 1938) from the western Indian Ocean, which is similar in habitus, with crurigers armed with 3 slender tubercles (see Arnaud & Child 1988: 124).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295EFFA97ADC127F9F15FDBA.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Known only from the type locality.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295CFFAC7ADC12F59F0BF92C.taxon	description	Figs. 10 – 11	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295CFFAC7ADC12F59F0BF92C.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 8. — Male (SMF 1639), on poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 18. V. 1985. 4. — 6 males, 3 fem. (1 gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1640), coral rubble, 18 m, 9. X. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1641), hydroids on coral rubble, 21 – 22 m, 9. XII. 1985. 1 male, 2 fem. (1 gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1642), coral rubble, 30 m, 10. III. 1986. 5. — 2 fem. (gravid) (ZMA 3384), coral rubble, 30 m, 18. II. 1986. 8. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1643), on poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 24. IV. 1985. 1 male, 3 juv. (SMF 1644), same locality, 0.5 – 6 m, 27. V. 1985. 9. — 1 juv. (SMF 1645), from detritus and hydroids on stones, 28 m, 3. VI. 1985. 1 male (ZMA 3353), coral rubble, 13 m, 3. VI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1646), coral rubble, 11 m, 17. VI. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 juv. (INVEMAR), from detritus and hydroids on stones, 22 – 23 m, 19. VI. 1985. 2 adults without legs, 1 juv. (SMF 1647), coral rubble, 15 m, 1. VII. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 4 fem. (3 gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1648), coral rubble, 30 m, 21. IX. 1985. 3 juv. (SMF 1649), coral rubble 15 – 20 m, 27. XI. 1985. 6 juv. (SMF 1650), coral rubble, 12 – 15 m, 15. XII. 1985. 1 fem., 2 juv. (ZMA 3382), coral rubble, 22 m ,, 17. XII. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1651), coral rubble, 18 m, 18. XII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1652), coral rubble, 20 – 22 m, 26. I. 1986. 4 males (3 ov.), 3 juv. (SMF 1653), coral rubble with hydroids and bryozoans, 30 m, 10. II. 1986. 12. — 1 male (ov.), 4 juv. (SMF 1654), on hydroids and octocorallians, 16 – 18 m, 16. IX. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1655), on hydroids and bryozoans, 11 – 15 m, 2. X. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1656), coral rubble, 18 m, 2. X. 1985. 3 juv. (SMF 1657), coral rubble, 17 – 20 m, 7. XII. 1985. 1 male, 1 juv. (USNM), coral rubble, 17 – 19 m, 9. I. 1986. 1 male, 1 juv. (ZMA 3385), coral rubble, 20 m, 21. II. 1986. 13. — 3 males, 3 fem., 2 juv. (SMF 1658), coral rubble, 21 m, 8. XI. 1985. 42. — 1 juv. (SMF 1659), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986. In the original (unpublished) version of this paper the first author dedicated this species to Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. E. F. Kilian as Ammothella kiliani, in recognition of his continuous support of the scientific work and especially the doctoral thesis of H. - G. Müller until he deceased in summer 1989. The specimens were deposited in the Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt under that name and registration numbers, especially the specimen cited from locality 8 as the holotype and those from locality 4 as paratypes. As Child (2004) described the species under the actual name A. panamensis, A. kiliani became a manuscript name.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295CFFAC7ADC12F59F0BF92C.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk oval in outline, slender and completely segmented. Crurigers 1 and 2 separated by about 2 / 3 of their diameter, crurigers 3 and 4 by more than their diameter. Ocular process very high and slender with distal enlargement housing the distinctly pigmented eys. Crurigers without any tubercles or spines. Abdomen erect, slightly inclined backwards and in dorsal aspect overreaching the 4 th crurigers; anterior aspect of abdomen with some clavate and some simple setae. Proboscis a protracted oval, broadest at mid-length. Scape of cheliphores two-articled, about 8 times as long as broad, distally enlarged; basal article more than 1 / 3 of length of distal article; distal adorned by several clavate and simple setae; cheliphores rudimentary, indistinctly two-articled. Palps 9 - articled, very slender, 2 nd and 4 th articles the longest; 2 nd article five times, 4 th article about 7 times as long as their respective diameters; terminal article about as long as articles 7 and 8 together; articles 5 - 9 with several ventral, and distal setae. Oviger 10 - articled, its 2 nd and 4 th articles about same length; 7 th article distally enlarged and adorned with several slender spines; 7 th – 10 th articles with some flat serrated spines, biggest on tiny terminal article. Legs very slender; coxa 1 of all legs dorso-distally with one clavate seta; coxa 1 of legs 1 – 3 with single antero- and postero-lateral simple setae; coxa 1 of leg 4 with antero-lateral simple seta. Coxae 2 about 4 times as long as coxa 1, coxae 3 about 3 times as long as coxa 1; coxa 2 with several dorsal and ventro-distal simple and clavate setae; coxa 3 with simple ventral setae only; femur 7 times as long as broad, the slender cement gland duct 2 / 5 of femur length; tibia 1 15 times as long as broad, slightly longer than femur; with some longer dorsal spines in proximal half, dorso-distally with one longer spine and some irregularly spaced clavate and simple spines; tibia 2: 16 times as long as broad, 9 / 10 length of tibia 1; dorsally some clavate and longer simple setae, ventral row of about 12 short setae. Tarsus short and 2 times as long as broad, with robust ventral spine and two short setae. Propodus moderately curved; heel not very marked, very flat, bearing 3 robust spines; sole with 5 short spines and distal pair of setae; main claw feebly curved and nearly half length of propodus; auxiliary claw very slender and more strongly curved than main claw, about 4 / 5 of its length. Measurements: Trunk length 0.78; width 0.63 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.68; length of proboscis 0.69; length of cheliphore 0.66. B 3: coxa 1, 0.14; coxa 2, 0.52; coxa 3, 0.22; femur 0.95; tibia 1, 1.21; tibia 2, 1.04; tarsus 0.07; propodus 0.36; main claw 0.20; auxiliary claw 0.17. Female: In habitus very similar to male, but 7 th article of oviger without a distal pair of spines, 5 flat serrated spines in their place. Femora appreciably broader than in males to contain the ova.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295CFFAC7ADC12F59F0BF92C.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Ammothella panamensis is nearly related to A. appendiculata and is distinguished by its very slender trunk and the long legs. The species was mentioned in previous literature as the long-legged form of appendiculata and recorded several times from the tropical western Atlantic. As there were no morphological intermediates between slender and robust specimens and both forms never occurred in the same locality, there is no doubt that the slender form deserves species rank. While in the Santa Marta region A. appendiculata is restricted to distinctly shallow water, A. panamensis prefers deeper water and was encountered mostly in habitats of coral rubble down to the lower edge of the layer investigated in 30 m depth. A few found in shallow water between 0 – 1 m come from encrustations on shaded jetty piles in the Santa Marta harbour. Possibly the intensity of lighting may influence the vertical distribution of the species. The few records of ovigerous males are dispersed in months II, IV, VI and IX, which may be indicative of a eurychrony.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8295CFFAC7ADC12F59F0BF92C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean (see Child 1982: 357, Stock 1955 b: 250). As yet, more precise data are not possible, as in existing literature only few indications permit to see, whether A. panamensis had been confused with A. appendiculata.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82959FF927ADC11A59997FCE2.taxon	description	Figs. 12 – 13	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82959FF927ADC11A59997FCE2.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 22. — 4 males, 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1120), Halimeda on reef top, 14. IV. 1986. 28. — 1 male (SMF 1121), under stones, ca. 0.5 m, 4. IV. 1986. 39. — 2 fem. (gravid) (ZFMK), from stones, 0 – 0.5 m, 17. III. 1986. 3 legless adults (ZMA 3352), from stones, mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82959FF927ADC11A59997FCE2.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk relatively compact, in outline almost circular, completely segmented. Cephalon antero-laterally with obtuse tubercle above base of palps. Ocular process relatively low, about 3 times as tall as broad, with pointed tip and darkly pigmented eyes. Crurigers 1 – 3 each with two pointed spinelike distal outgrowths on antero- and postero-lateral aspects, which almost touch their respective neighbours on adjoining cruriger; cruriger 4 with only one such outgrowth on antero- and postero-lateral aspects. Abdomen erect, 3 times as long as ocular process, with some clavate and simple setae of different lengths. Proboscis oval, about 3 times as long as diameter. Cheliphore scape two-articled, its distal article about 1,5 times length of its basal article, both articles tightly covered with clavate setae, mostly on lateral aspect; chela very short and stump-like. Palp 9 - articled, 2 nd and 4 th articles longest; articles 2 and 3 with single feathered seta, articles 4 and 5 with several feathered setae; articles 6 – 9 with short simple setae, mainly on ventral surface. Oviger 10 - articled; articles 2, 4 and 5 elongated and of near equal length; 7 th article in its distal half with pair of robust spines; articles 8 – 10 bearing flat spines with serrated edges, largest on tiny terminal article. Legs relatively slender; coxae 1 of all legs with dorso-lateral pair of short, club-shaped setae; coxae 1 with about 2 – 4 dorso-distal clavate setae, and single simple lateral seta; coxae 1 – 3 of almost equal length; femur 5 times as long as broad, sparsely beset with clavate and simple setae; short (1 / 4 of femur diameter) dorso-distal cement gland duct; tibia 1, 1.2 times as long as femur, with ventral row of about 11 clavate setae; tibia 2 slightly shorter than tibia 1, covered by simple setae only. Propodus feebly curved and robust, no heel; basal half of sole armed with 4 robust, distal half with 5 smaller and more slender spines; main claw moderately curved, about half length of propodus; auxiliaries little shorter than main claws. Measurements: Trunk length 0.68; width 0.70 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.35; length of proboscis 0.50; length of cheliphores 0.52, leg 4: coxa 1, 0.26; coxa 2, 0.21; coxa 3, 0.23; femur 0.55; tibia 1, 0.77; tibia 2, 0.75; tarsus 0.09; propodus 0.33; main claw 0.14; auxiliary claw 0.11. Female: In habitus very close to male, but the lateral spiniform tubercle on the lateral processes more feeble. 2 nd article of ovigers in females shortened, 7 th article without the robust pair of spines, 3 flat serrated spines in their place.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82959FF927ADC11A59997FCE2.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The species seems most closely related to Ammothella hedgpethi Fage, 1953 from the eastern Atlantic (Dakar), which resembles it but is somewhat more robust and lacks the lateral spiniform tubercles on the lateral processes (see Fage 1953 b: 376). A. marcusi has been sampled very scarcely, no sound data on preferred substrata or phenology are available.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82959FF927ADC11A59997FCE2.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tropical western Atlantic. All previous records were summarised in Müller (1990 d: 278).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82967FF977ADC11BC987FFCC1.taxon	description	Fig. 14	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82967FF977ADC11BC987FFCC1.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 1. — 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1428), phaeophyceae on rocks, lower mesolittoral, 10. IX. 1985. 1 male, 2 fem. (gravid), 3 juv. (ZFMK), phaeophyceae on rocks, lower mesolittoral, 9. X. 1985. 1 fem., 1 juv. (ZSM), Sargassum on rock, mesolittoral, 18. XI. 1985. 2. — 1 male, 2 juv. (SMF 1429), corallinaceans on rock, ca. 0.5 m, 9. X. 1985. 8. — 1 juv. (SMF 1430), from corallinaceans and hydroids on jetty piles exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 24. IV. 1985. 3 males (2 ov.), 1 juv. (MNHN), from poriferans and hydroids on jetty piles protected from light, 0 – 1 m, 24. IV. 1985. 3 fem. (gravid), 5 juv. (SMF 1431), same locality, 25. IV. 1985. 1 male (USNM), same locality, 4. V. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (ZSM), on jetty piles exposed to light, algae and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 8. V. 1985. 3 males (2 ov.), 7 fem. (4 gravid), 24 juv. (ZMA 3353), jetty piles exposed to light with algae and poriferans, 0 – 1 m, 10. V. 1985. 8 males (3 ov.), 5 fem., 19 juv. (INVEMAR), shaded jetty piles, with poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 8 males (5 ov.), 6 fem., 32 juv. (SMF 1432), jetty piles exposed to light with algae and poriferans, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 5 juv. (SMF 1433), shaded jetty piles with poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 16. V. 1985. 1 male, 2 juv. (SMF 1434), shaded jetty piles with poriferans and hydroids, 18. V. 1985. 9 males (3 ov.), 8 fem. (6 gravid), 12 juv. (SMF 1435), shaded jetty piles with poriferans and hydroids, 19. V. 1985. 1 male, 4 juv. (SMF 1436), shaded jetty piles with hydroids and bryozoans, 1 – 3 m, 17. VI. 1985. 19 males (7 ov.), 18 fem. (14 gravid), 126 juv. (SMF 1437), on Cnidoscyphus, from shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 17. X. 1985. 29 males (9 ov.), 18 fem. (9 gravid), 137 juv. (SMF 1438), same locality, 24. XI. 1985. 8 males (6 ov.), 5 fem. (3 gravid), 18 juv. (SMF 1439), shaded jetty piles with different growth of epifauna and flora, 0 – 1 m, 17. XII. 1985. 5 juv. (SMF 1440), same locality, 0 – 2 m, 1. II. 1986. 3 males (1 ov.), 3 fem. (1 gravid), 14 juv. (SMF 1441), shaded jetty piles with poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 14. III. 1986. 9. — 1 male (SMF 1442), coral rubble, 6 m, 4. VIII. 1985. 1 (SMF 1443), under stones, 0 – 1 m, 28. I. 1986. 10. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1444), algae on rock, lower mesolittoral, 7. V. 1985. 15. — 1 fem. (SMF 1445), on Sargassum, 10 m, 27. VI. 1985. 16. — 1 male, 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1466), on brown algae, mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986. 17. — 2 males (1 ov.) (SMF 1447), from Cnidoscyphus on rock, mesolittoral, 13. VIII. 1985. 1 male, 2 juv. (SMF 1448), on stones in 0 – 0.5 m, 7. I. 1986. 19. — 9 males (6 ov.), 6 fem. (4 gravid), 7 juv. (SMF 1449), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 27. VI. 1985. 1 male, 1 juv. (SMF 1450), same locality, 5. VII. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1451), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 8. VIII. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1452), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 13. VIII. 1985. 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1453), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 2. X. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1454), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 8. XI. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 5 juv. (SMF 1455), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 7. XII. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1456), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 7. I. 1986. 2 males (ov.), 3 legless adults, 3 juv. (SMF 1457), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 12. II. 1986. 2 males (1 ov.) (SMF 1458), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 3. III. 1986. 1 male, 2 juv. (SMF 1459), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 2. IV. 1986. 1 adult without legs, 1 juv. (SMF 1460), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 2. V. 1986. 20. — 1 male, 1 juv. (SMF 1461), on Sargassum cymosum, from 5 l of substratum, 0 – 0.5 m, 7. I. 1986. 21. — 1 juv. (SMF 1462), on Digenia simplex, 5 l substrattum, mesolittoral, 8. VII. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1463), on Digenia simplex, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1464), on Digenia simplex, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral, 3. III. 1986. 24. — 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (SMF 1465), Thalassia with corallinaceous algae and Cnidoscyphus, 1 – 2 m, 9. VIII. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1466), Thalassia, 1 m, 4. IX. 1985. 26. — 1 juv. (SMF 1467), on mangrove roots, about 1 m, 14. III. 1986. 27. — 1 male (SMF 1468), coral rubble in Thalassia, 0.5 m, 13. IX. 1985. 2 adult without legs, 1 juv. (SMF 1469), coral rubble in Thalassia, 1 m, 1. XI. 1985. 29. — 2 fem. (1 gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1470), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 21. I. 1986. 34. — 3 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1471), under stones, ca. 0.5 m, 10. IV. 1986. 37. — 1 fem. (SMF 1472), from detritus, algae and hydroid, 6 m, 4. VI. 1985. 38. — 4 males (3 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1473), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 17. III. 1986. 39. — 1 fem. (SMF 1474), on stones, mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986. 42. — 3 males (1 ov.), 4 adults without legs (SMF 1475), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986. 43. — 15 males (6 ov.), 3 fem. (2 gravid) (SMF 1476), Thalassia, 25. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82967FF977ADC11BC987FFCC1.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk relatively slender, oval in outline, fully segmented and often encrusted by detritus. Crurigers separated by about half their diameter. Cephalon on its antero-lateral margin with one single clavate seta. 2 nd segment often with pair of short clavate setae on dorsal face. Ocular process relatively low, 3 times as high as broad, with darkly pigmented eyes and pointed tip. Crurigers 1 – 3 bearing 1 – 2 simple setae on antero- and postero-lateral aspect; cruriger 4 with single postero-lateral seta only. Abdomen feebly curved dorsally, slightly overreaching posterior border of coxa 1 of 4 th cruriger, irregularly armed with some clavate and simple setae, irregularly in position. Proboscis long oval, largest in its middle, twice as long as broad. Two-articled scape of cheliphores about 7 times as long as broad, distal article twice as long as proximal article, distally enlarged; both articles bearing some clavate and some simple setae. Chela reduced to mere stump. Palp of 9 articles, 2 nd and 4 th longest; 2 nd article about 4 times as long as broad, 4 th about 5.5 times as long as broad; terminal article as long as 7 th and 8 th together, with numerous short setae ventrally and distally. Oviger of 10 articles 2 nd, 4 th and 5 th articles elongated; 7 th article with pair of robust spines on flat tubercles; articles 8 – 10 with some serrated flat spines, largest on tiny terminal article. Legs relatively slender; coxae 2 twice as long as coxae 1 and 1.5 times as long as coxae 3, all coxae armed with few simple setae; coxae 1 and coxae 2 in addition with some clavate setae. Femur, tibia 1 and tibia 2 of about even length; cement gland duct dorsodistal, 1 / 5 length of femur; tibia 1 and 2 bear some longer spines mounted on some low tubercles, in addition to short simple and clavate setae. Propodus feebly curved, no heel; sole with 3 robust spines in basal third and about 6 considerably shorter spines in the distal area; propodus dorsally armed with row of 3 – 4 spines; main claw feebly curved, 1 / 2 half as long as propodus; auxiliaries about 4 / 5 length of main claws. Measurements: Trunk length about 0.7; width across 2 nd crurigers 0.52; length of abdomen 0.33; length of proboscis 0.45; length of cheliphores 0.37. Leg 3: coxa 1, 0.15; coxa 2, 0.31; coxa 3, 0.22; femur 0.62; tibia 1, 0.64; tibia 2, 0.66; tarsus 0.08; propodus 0.33, main claw 0.18; auxiliary 0.15. Female: In habitus like male, but the pair of spines on 7 th oviger article absent and with 3 flat serrated spines in their place. Femur enlarged to contain ova; coxa 2 and coxa 3 more robust.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82967FF977ADC11BC987FFCC1.taxon	discussion	Remarks: As already mentioned in Child (1979: 12), A. spinifera is very variable in bodily proportions and in its chaetotaxy. In our material it is similar to A. appendiculata, from which it is easily differentiated by the low ocular process, the eyes much darker, the antero-lateral clavate setae on the cephalon and most often a pair of dorso-median clavate spines on the 2 nd trunk segment. In contrast to A. appendiculata, A. spinifera is often densely covered by detritus. As the species was sampled frequently in the Santa Marta region it was ascertained that there is no limited reproduction period. Ovigerous males were encountered all year round except in July, females with ripe ova in their ovaries as well as juveniles were present all year round. No distinct substrate preference was noted, the species avoided deeper water in the region investigated (0 – 13 m).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82967FF977ADC11BC987FFCC1.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Until the paper by Child (1979: 12) A. spinifera was known from the western coasts of America only, between California and Panamá, and from the Caribbean coast of Panamá. A much wider distribution in the Caribbean is to be expected, as indicated by the many localities in Colombia and two more in the eastern Caribbean (Martinique, Müller 1990 d: 278; Barbados, Müller 1992).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82962FF947ADC14FA98C8FD09.taxon	description	Figs. 15 – 16	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82962FF947ADC14FA98C8FD09.taxon	materials_examined	Material. 4. — 1 male (ZFMK), coral rubble, 18 m, 9. X. 1985. 43. — 1 male (v.), 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1119), on Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. 45. — 1 juv. (ZMA 3374), on algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82962FF947ADC14FA98C8FD09.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline almost round, compact, crurigers separated by about 1 / 3 of their diameter; all segments fused. Ocular process 2.5 times higher than broad, apically rounded, eyes distinctly pigmented. Crurigers bearing some short distal tubercle dorsally and laterally, covered with numerous short spines. Trunk with 2 long narrow tubercles in dorso-median line, higher than ocular process and armed with numerous short spines. Abdomen erect or almost horizontal, antero-medially with two spiny tubercles, proximal one distinctly lower; near to apex one more low spiny tubercle. Proboscis oval, robust, about 3 / 4 trunk length. Cheliphore scape two-articled, proximal one unarmed, 1 / 8 length of distal article, which bearing a dorsomedian low spiny tubercle; 7 – 9 short spines on its distal margin; chela a stump. Palp 9 - articled; articles 2 and 4 long and narrow; articles 5 – 9 with numerous short spines, mostly in ventral, distal and lateral positions. Oviger 10 - articled; 4 th article the longest, narrow and slightly curved; 5 th article 3 / 4 length of 4 th, distally with 6 long narrow spines; articles 6 – 10 short with a rather irregular set of spines. Legs robust; coxa 1 with 2 – 3 rounded spiny tubercles in dorsal and lateral positions; coxa 2 latero-distal with paired round and spiny tubercles. Coxa 2 ventro-distally with salient finger-like male genital process, which is beset with numerous short spines. Coxa 3 lacking distinct tubercles. Femur medio-laterally and medio-ventrally with round spiny tubercle; on distal end with 5 spiny tubercles which point in lateral and dorsal directions; cement gland tube very short and curved dorsally, near rear margin of dorso-distal tubercle; tibiae 1 and 2 subequal in length, dorsally and dorso-laterally with numerous narrow spiny tubercles, which on tibia 1 are separated into proximal and distal groups. Tarsus longer than broad, sole proximally with 4 robust spines, distally with series of about 12 short spines; main claw moderately curved, 2 / 3 length of propodus; auxiliary very short about 1 / 6 length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 1.91; width 2.04 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 1.1; proboscis length 1.59; length of cheliphores 1.22. Length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.44; coxa 2 — 0.91; coxa 3 — 0.64; femur 1.79; tibia 1 — 1.90; tibia 2 — 1.80; tarsus 0.38; propodus 1.04; main claw 0.71; auxilary claw 0.13. Female: Habitus like male. Oviger much shorter than in male, articles 5 – 10 with few short setae.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82962FF947ADC14FA98C8FD09.taxon	discussion	Remarks: N. duodorsospinosa appears nearly related to Nymphopsis melidae Sawaya, 1947 from Brazil, which is in habitus very similar, but has 3 dorso-median trunk processes and some additional short spines at the anterior margin of crurigers 2 and 3. N. duodorsospinosa does not demonstrate a distinct preference for substrata. Including data from existing literature, the depth range reaches from the mesolittoral down to 60 m.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82962FF947ADC14FA98C8FD09.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Pacific: Galápagos archipelago, from Gulf of California southwards to Panamá. Western Atlantic: South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Belize, Panamá (Child 1982: 363) and Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82961FF947ADC15869EAAF99A.taxon	description	2. Proboscis robust, its distal quarter terminating in a narrow short tube which measures about 1 / 4 of proximal diameter; crurigers with 1 or 2 spherical tubercles, coxa 1 of all legs with 3 spherical tubercles .......... T. acuminatum Proboscis different ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Crurigers without any distal tubercles .......................................................................................................................... 7 At least crurigers 3 – 4 with flat distal tubercles ............................................................................................................ 4 4. Proboscis very slender, the distal two thirds a narrow tube; coxae 1 of all legs with 3 distal tubercles; antero-lateral tubercle on coxae 1 not rounded and distally not forked ........................................................................ T. tubirostrum 1 Proboscis in its proximal half more robust, antero-lateral tubercles on first coxae different ...................................... 5 5. Proboscis in its proximal half a slender tube; coxae 1 of all legs adorned with 3 sphaerical tubercles ...... T. isabellae Proboscis robust, distally obtuse or or attenuted in its distal third ............................................................................... 6 6. Proboscis distally obtuse, continuously and feebly narrowing; antero-lateral tubercles of first coxae normally tripartite ................................................................................................................................................... T. hummelincki Proboscis in distal third strongly narrowing, antero-lateral and dorso-distal tubercles on coxae 1 of all legs sphaerical ................................................................................................................................................................... T. isthmiacum 7. Cheliphores fused at base, palps 4 - articled .................................................................................................. T. geminum Cheliphores not fused, palps 6 - articled ......................................................................... T. paramexicanum n. sp. (fem.) † This species has not yet been found on the Caribbean coast of Colombia, even if that region is included in its distribution area. As the species might be easily confounded with T. isabellae it is included in this key to show the characters needed to differentiate between the two.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82961FF9A7ADC11379F09FF55.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82961FF9A7ADC11379F09FF55.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 16. — 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (SMF 1477), from brown and red algae on rock, mesolittoral, 15. VII. 1985. 17. — 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (SMF 1478), on blocks of stone, covered with short growth of algae, 0 – 0.5 m, 7. I. 1986. 20. — 3 males, 4 fem. (ZFMK), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 5 l substrate, 0 – 0.5 m, 7. VI. 1985. 1 male (MNHN), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 0 – 0.5 m, 13. VIII. 1985. 1 male, 2 fem. (INVEMAR), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 0 – 0.5 m, 9. IX. 1985. 1 fem. (USNM), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 0 – 0.5 m, 2. X. 1985. 1 male (ZSM), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 0 – 0.5 m, 8. XI. 1985. 17 males (10 ov.), 19 fem., 4 juv. (SMF 1479), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 7. XII. 1985. 51 males (34 ov.), 43 fem., 12 juv. (SMF 1480), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 7. I. 1986. 9 males (5 ov.), 7 fem., 1 juv. (ZSM), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 12. II. 1986. 4 males (1 ov.), 3 fem. (SMF 1481), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 3. III. 1986. 10 males (9 ov.), 10 fem. (9 gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1482), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 3. IV. 1986. 2 males, 3 fem. (INVEMAR), Sargassum cymosum on rock, 2. V. 1986. 21. — 1 fem. (SMF 1483), Digenia simplex on rock, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral, 7. VI. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (SMF 1484), Digenia simplex on rock, 3. IV. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82961FF9A7ADC11379F09FF55.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline circular, crurigers touching each other in their entire length; all trunk segments coalesced. Cephalon bearing tiny tubercle with short apical seta antero-laterally above palp origin. Ocular process as high as broad, eyes large and distinctly pigmented. Cruriger 1 with small rounded dorso-distal tubercle bearing short seta; cruriger 2 with pair of dorso-lateral tubercles; crurigers 3 and 4 with single antero-lateral distal tubercle. Abdomen relatively short, directed obliquely dorsally, with about 6 short setae in distal half; about 1 / 6 of abdomen length surpassing cruriger 4. Proboscis flask-haped; strongly narrowed in its distal fourth, distally slender and tube-like. Cheliphores very short, stump-like, with one short seta, barely visible at anterior margin of the cephalon. Palp 6 - articled; partition between 3 rd and 4 th article indistinct; these articles with short lateral setae; articles 5 and 6 short, of nearly same length and with additional set of short setae. Oviger 10 - articled; articles 4 and 5 elongate, subequal in length; 7 th article with distal rounded tubercle bearing group of 6 spines; 8 th article with 3 spines, 9 th article with about 4 spines; terminal article with pair of short spines ending in three points. Legs robust, all articles with numerous sparsely arranged spines and setae; coxae 1 distally with a roundish tubercle in antero-lateral, dorsal and postero-lateral position, each with short apical seta; coxae 3 of same length; cement gland on femur terminating in short dorsodistal tube; tibia 1 and tibia 2 of same length, dorsally with 2 flat round tubercles; tarsus as long broad, with robust ventral spine and 4 – 5 setae; propodus feebly curved, without distinct heel; sole armed with 3 robust spines in proximal third and distally with 3 – 4 short spines and some setae; main claw moderately curved, half length of propodus; auxiliary claws feebly curved, about half length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 0.52; width 0.49 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.14; length of proboscis 0.45. Leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.17; coxa 2 — 0.18; coxa 3 — 0.16; femur 0.40; tibia 1 — 0.35; tibia 2 — 0.36; tarsus 0.09; propodus 0.36; main claw 0.18; auxiliary claw 0.10. Female: In habitus similar to male, but tubercles on crurigers and 1 st coxae of all legs more feeble; oviger shorter than in male, 7 th article without tubercle; 5 distal articles spinose; articles 6 and 7 with a robust simple spine; articles 8 and 9 with a single, terminal article with a pair of denticulated spines.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82961FF9A7ADC11379F09FF55.taxon	discussion	Remarks: T. acuminatum is strongly characterized by its proboscis, which is narrowed in its distal fourth only. As Stock (1954 a: 125) remarked T. acuminatum shows relations to Tanystylum isabellae Marcus, 1940, which we found in the region of Santa Marta, too (see below). The easiest way to differentiate between both species without dissecting them is the proboscis shape. In T. acuminatum the proboscis is narrowing abruptly in its distal fourth to a slender tube — whereas in T. isabellae the central region narrows continuously and is tubiform in its distal third — but broader in this part than in T. acuminatum. In the study region, T. acuminatum was exclusivley associated with algae as a substratum, from the tidemark to maximally 0.5 m depth. As we collected this species at all stations during an entire year in about monthly intervals, and ovigerous males were encountered during XII and I – IV only, a restricted reproduction period seems probable. It begins at the end of the rain period in XII and ends before the onset of the next rainy period (VI / VII) in IV. As the femora of legs were not transparent enough to allow an inspection we could not distinguish during which period the ova developed in the female ovaries.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82961FF9A7ADC11379F09FF55.taxon	distribution	Distribution: St. Barthélémy and Anguilla, Lesser Antilles (Stock 1954 a: 125; 1979: 11), Martinique (Müller 1990 d: 278) and Caribbean coast of Colombia	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296EFF987ADC17C89EE6FEC1.taxon	description	Fig. 18 – 19	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296EFF987ADC17C89EE6FEC1.taxon	materials_examined	Material. 19. — 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1404), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 27. VI. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1405), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 5. VII. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1406), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 9. IX. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1407), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 8. XI. 1985. 2 males, 1 fem., 2 juv. (SMF 1408), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 7. XII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1410), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 12. II. 1986. 24. — 2 males, 1 fem., 2 juv. (ZMA 3387), Thalassia, 0.5 – 1 m, 8. XI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1411), Thalassia with corallinacean algae, 1 m, 21. I. 1986. 32. — 1 male (SMF 1412), on brown algae (mainly Sargassum) on rock, mesolittoral, 3. VIII. 1985. 34. — 1 fem. (SMF 1413), on brown algae, Thalassia and hydroids, 0.5 – 2 m, 30. VII. 1985. 40. — 1 male (ov.), 5 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1414), Thalassia, 1 – 3.5 m, 8. VIII. 1985. 43. — 1 male (SMF 1415), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296EFF987ADC17C89EE6FEC1.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline circular, crurigers touching along their entire length, smooth and without any setae; all segments fused. Cephalon with two short antero-lateral setae above palp origin. Ocular process broader than high, eyes relatively large and distinctly pigmented. Abdomen relatively short, directed obliquely to the rear, with 4 short setae in its distal part; abdomen surpassing the 4 th crurigers by about 1 / 4 – 1 / 2 of its length. Proboscis relatively long, strongly narrowing in its distal third. Cheliphores about 1 / 3 length of proboscis, fused in their median line, distally rounded and bearing 3 – 4 short setae. Palpus 4 - articled, 2 nd article elongated; 4 th article two times as long as 5 th, bearing 6 ventral and 3 terminal spines. Oviger 10 - articled; articles 4 and 5 elongated, of nearly equal length and bearing some short spines; articles 6 – 10 shortened, bearing some short spines. Legs robust, all articles bearing conspicuously few short spines and setae; coxae 1 of all legs distallydorso-laterally with a few irregularly shaped (partly branched) tubercles with short spines; coxa 2 with some short lateral spines, some mounted on tiny tubercles; coxae 1 – 3 subequal in length; dorso-distal cement gland on femur forming short and distally narrowing tube; tibia 1 and 2 subequal in length, with 2 flat roundish dorsal tubercles; tarsus as long as broad, 4 ventral spines; propodus moderately curved, with indistinct heel; proximal third of sole with 3 strong short spines; sole distally with 3 small spines and about 4 short setae; main claw feebly curved, half as long as propodus; auxiliaries nearly straight, 2 / 3 length of main claw. In contrast to the brownish colouration of most other species in this genus, T. geminum in our samples is whitish-yellow. Measurements: Trunk length 0.47; width (across 2 nd crurigers) 0.50; length of abdomen 0.13; proboscis length 0.34. Leg 3: coxa 1, 0.12; coxa 2, 0.13; coxa 3, 0.13; femur 0.34; tibia 1, 0.28; tibia 2, 0.30; tarsus 0.06; propodus 0.28; main claw 0.14; auxiliary 0.09. Female: In habitus like male, coxae 1 and 2 of all legs with some short setae distally. Oviger distinctly shorter than in male, in total more sparsely spinose and articles 4 – 5 more shortened.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296EFF987ADC17C89EE6FEC1.taxon	discussion	Remarks: T. geminum is easily recognizable by its well-developed cheliphores, lack of tubercles and setae on the crurigers, and light colouration in the samples. This species is strikingly similar to Tanystylum bredini Child, 1970, which is widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific. Distinctly differentiating characters are the shape of the proboscis, which is more robust in T. bredini and distally not so strongly narrowing, and shorter than the palps. Stock’s (1982: 187) material from Somalia, which he considered with some reservation as T. geminum, is comparable to the T. bredini which Müller (1990 c: 68, Figs. 7 – 10) reported and figured from Kenya. T. geminum predominantly colonized Thalassia stands in the research area, although to a lesser degree it was found also in association with algae. The depth range was from the mesolittoral to about 4 m. A single ovigerous female was found in VII only. Mature specimens were found during the course of the entire year except in the months III and X – XI.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296EFF987ADC17C89EE6FEC1.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Atlantic coast of Mexico and Panamá (Child 1979: 28), Florida and Puerto Rico (Stock 1975 a: 983), Barbados (Müller, 1992), Martinique (Bourdillon 1955: 587; Müller 1990 d: 279), Bonaire, Isla Margarita, St. Martin and Jamaica (Stock 1979: 13).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296CFF9F7ADC14519945F9C7.taxon	description	Figs. 20 – 21	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296CFF9F7ADC14519945F9C7.taxon	materials_examined	Material: All series from station 8 (jetty piles). — 1 juv. (SMF 1416), on corallinacean algae, exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 21. IV. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1417), on corallinacean algae and hydroids, exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 24. IV. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (ZFMK), on poriferans and hydroids, shaded, 0 – 1 m, 25. IV. 1985. 2 males (SMF 1418), on poriferans and hydroids, shaded, 0 – 1 m, 4. V. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (ZMA 3379), on algae and hydroids, exposed to light, 8. V. 1985. 3 males, 3 fem., 3 juv. (SMF 1419), on algae and poriferans, exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 10. V. 1985. 3 males, 5 fem. (3 gravid), 11 juv. (SMF 1420), on poriferans and hydroids, shaded, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1421), on poriferans and hydroids, exposed to light, 14. V. 1985. 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1422), on poriferans and hydroids, shaded, 16. V. 1985. 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1423), on poriferans and hydroids, 18. V. 1985. 2 males, 2 females (1 gravid), 1 juv. (INVEMAR), on poriferans and hydroids, 19. V. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem., 1 juv. (USNM), on hydroids and bryozoans, shaded, 1 – 3 m, 17. VI. 1985. 3 juv. (SMF 1424), on detritus and Cnidoscyphus, exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 31. VII. 1985. 2 males, 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1425), on Cnidoscyphus, shaded, 0 – 1 m, 17. X. 1985. 1 fem. (ov.), 3 juv. (MNHN), same locality, 24. XI. 1985. juv. (SMF 1426), on different growth, shaded, 0 – 1 m, 17. XII. 1985. 4 males (2 ov.), 1 fem. (SMF 1427), on hydroids, shaded, 0 – 2 m, 1. II. 1986. 2 males (1 ov.), 2 fem. (ZSM), on poriferans and hydroids, shaded, 0 – 1 m, 14. III. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296CFF9F7ADC14519945F9C7.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline circular, crurigers touching each other along their entire length; all trunk segments fused; cephalon with a short antero-lateral seta above palp origin; ocular process about 1.5 times as high as broad, terminating in acute tip. Eyes large, distinctly pigmented. First crurigers with small dorsal tubercle, crurigers 2 – 4 with small antero-lateral tubercle with one short distal seta. Abdomen relatively short, directed obliquely backwards and with about 5 short setae in its distal half; abdomen exceeding 4 th crurigers by ¼ of its length. Proboscis robust, distally markedly obtuse. One-articled cheliphores relatively long, their bases separated, distally slightly narrowing and rounded, bearing 3 – 4 short setae. Palp 6 - articled, the articulation between the short third and the longest fourth article accentuated; terminal article twice as long as fifth one, with about 15 setae in ventral, ventro-lateral and distal positions. Oviger 10 - articled; articles 4 and 5 elongated, with some short setae; 5 th article 1.2 times length of fourth; 7 th article with distal rounded tubercle, bearing group of 6 setae; terminal article tiny with 2 flat denticulate spines. Legs robust, articles with relatively few, mostly short spines and setae; coxae 1 of all legs with distal tubercle in antero-lateral, dorsal and postero-lateral positions; antero-lateral tubercles branched, with 2 – 3 distal setae; dorsal and the tiny postero-lateral tubercle rounded, frequently showing single seta only; coxae 2 and 3 of equal length, coxa 1 slightly shorter than these; cement gland on femur situated dorso-distally, short, slightly narrowed and tubiform terminally; tibia 1 and tibia 2 of equal length, barely longer than femur, with two dorsal flat tubercles; tarsus length equals breadth, ventrally one short spine and 2 setae; propodus relatively slender, distinctly curved, without apparent heel; 3 spines on proximal third of sole, distally with about 5 small spines; main claw moderately curved, 1 / 2 length of propodus; auxiliaries feebly curved, 1 / 4 length of propodus. Measurements: Trunk length 0.6; width across 2 nd crurigers 0.68; length of abdomen 0.25; proboscis 0.44. Leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.25; coxa 2 — 0.3; coxa 3 — 0.3; femur 0.75; tibia 1 — 0.82; tibia 2 — 0.82; tarsus 0.14; propodus 0.64; main claw 0.31; auxiliary 0.16. Female: In habitus very similar to male, tubercles on coxae 1 of all legs distinctly less developed, the postero-lateral mostly absent. Oviger shorter and slenderer than in male, 4 th and 5 th article shortened; the 4 distal articles each with a pair of spines.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296CFF9F7ADC14519945F9C7.taxon	discussion	Remarks: T. hummelincki is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: robust proboscis; the relatively long cheliphores and their spination; the armature of coxae 1; a short abdomen; the distal tubercle on the 7 th oviger article and the shape of the propodus (Stock 1954 a: 122). Contrary to the original description the third and fourth palp articles in the Colombian material are distinctly separated. Close relations to other species in the genus are not apparent. T. isthmiacum shows many common characters, but is easily differentiated by its distally more slender proboscis. In the study area T. hummelincki is the only species in its genus living in the epifauna and epiphytes of harbour piles, and only occurred there. It seems indifferent to conditions of lighting, as it was encountered as much in conditions exposed to light as in shaded jetty areas. Ovigerous males were encountered in the months II and VI, in females ova were recognizable in IV – V and X.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296CFF9F7ADC14519945F9C7.taxon	distribution	Distribution: T. hummelincki was known by its holotype (male) from Los Frailes in Venezuela only	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296AFF9D7ADC11C49860F83E.taxon	description	Fig. 22	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296AFF9D7ADC11C49860F83E.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 16. — 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1392), on Sargassum, mesolittoral, 8. VII. 1985. 3 males (1 ov.), 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1393) from Cnidoscyphus on rocks, mesolittoral, 8. VII. 1985. 20. — 32 males (12 ov.), 18 fem. (11 gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1394), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l substratum, 0 – 0.5 m, 7. VI. 1985. 4 males (1 ov.), 1 fem., 1 juv. (ZFMK), same locality, 13. VIII. 1985. 3 males (1 ov.), 3 fem. (ZMA 3380), same locality, 8. XI. 1985. 60 males (40 ov.), 57 fem. (39 gravid), 53 juv. (SMF 1395), same locality, 7. XII. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1396), same locality, 7. I. 1986. 81 males (31 ov.), 67 fem. (59 gravid), 35 juv. (SMF 1397), same locality, 12. II. 1986. 27 males (15 ov.), 10 fem. (6 gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1398), same locality, 3. IV. 1986. 21. — 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (INVEMAR), on Digenia simplex, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral, 3. IV. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296AFF9D7ADC11C49860F83E.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline nearly circular, crurigers touching each other on their entire length; all trunk segments fused. Cephalon bearing a short seta above origin of palps. Ocular process twice as high as basal diameter, abruptly narrowing in its distal half and normally pointed. Eyes large and distinctly pigmented. Crurigers 2 – 4 bearing 1 – 2 rounded distal tubercles dorso-laterally. Abdomen relatively short, curved feebly upwards, with about 5 short setae in its distal half. Abdomen surpassing 4 th crurigers by about 1 / 3 of its length. Proboscis bottle-shaped, distal half strongly narrowing and forming a broad tube. Cheliphores one-articled, very short and distally rounded, barely showing at frontal margin of cephalon, distally with 1 – 2 short setae. Palp 6 - articled, with an indistinct separation between the short 3 rd and the longest 4 th article; terminal article almost twice length of penultimate article, with ca. 17 ventral, ventro-lateral and distal setae. Oviger 10 - articled; articles 4 and 5 elongate and of equal length; 7 th article with an obtuse tubercle with 4 short spines on top; terminal article the shortest, bearing 2 denticulated leaf-like spines. Legs robust, articles beset with irregularly distributed setae of different lengths; coxae 1 of all legs on their distal rim armed with round tubercles in a antero- and postero-lateral as well as dorsal position; these tubercles mostly with one, seldom 2 short setae; coxae 1 and coxae 3 of same length; coxae 2 1.6 times as long as coxae 1 and coxae 3; cement gland on dorsodistal end of femur with short and little bent tubiform terminal region; tibia 2 slightly longer than tibia 1, both bearing two flat dorsal tubercles; tarsus about as long as broad, ventrally with a short spine and 2 setae; propodus relatively strongly curved, without distinct heel; proximal third of sole with 3 robust spines, distally with about 9 setae and spines; main claw rather strongly bent and of about 1 / 2 length of propodus; auxiliaries less strongly bent and of 1 / 4 length of propodus. Measurements: Trunk length 0.7; width (across 2 nd crurigers) 0.65; abdomen 0.21; proboscis 0.47; 3 rd leg: coxa 1, 0.15; coxa 2, 0.25; coxa 3, 0.14; femur 0.43; tibia 1, 0.38; tibia 2, 0.44; tarsus 0.09; propodus 0.43; main claw 0.22; auxiliary 0.13. Female: In habitus like male, only the tubercles atop the lateral processes and coxae 1 of all legs much less developed. Oviger much smaller and more slender than in male, 4 th and 5 th article shortened, the tiny terminal article armed with a pair of large denticulated flattened spines.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296AFF9D7ADC11C49860F83E.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The material from Colombia agrees very well with the original description from Brazil — except that articles 3 and 4 are only partly sepatated. The species is closely related to Tanystylum tubirostrum Stock, 1954, from which it is differentiated by the somewhat more robust proboscis, which is distinctly narrower in its distal half only, as well as the clear round tubercles on top of the coxa 1 (see Fig. 34). Ovigerous males were found all year round except months I, III, V, IX and X, which is an indication of eurychrony. The bulk of the research material comes from Sargassum cymosum in Bahía Concha, where a substantial rise of numbers during the months XII, II and IV seems apparent. As during the research time in month I only a single fem. and in V none at all were sampled, it may be assumed that the species is discontinuously distributed in the substratum sampled. Tanystylum isabellae is an obligate inhabitant of shallow water, which in the research area does not occur in depths under 0.5 m.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8296AFF9D7ADC11C49860F83E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: In the western Atlantic the species was reported from Brazil (Markus 1940 b: 102; Hedgpeth 1943 b: 55; Sawaya 1950: 73), as well as from the Caribbean islands of St. Thomas and St. John (Stock 1955 b: 247). The material recorded by Bourdillon (1955: 600, Pl. III, figs. 2 – 4) from Bermuda as Tanystylum tubirostre corresponds unambiguously with T. isabellae by comparing these figures. The only record from the eastern Atlantic comes from the Congolese coast by Fage (1949: 29).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82977FF807ADC17C89CCBFEC1.taxon	description	Fig. 23	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82977FF807ADC17C89CCBFEC1.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 4. — 1 male, 1 juv. (SMF 1399), algal growth on rocks, mesolittoral, 24. V. 1985. 16. — 3 males (SMF 1400), brown and red algae on rocks, mesolittoral, 15. VII. 1985. 17. — 1 male (ov.) (ZFMK), from Cnidoscyphus on rocks, mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985. 20. — 1 juv. (SMF 1401), from Sargassum cymosum, 5 l substratum, 0 – 0.5 m, 2. X. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1402), from Sargassum cymosum, 5 l substratum, 8. XI. 1985. 2 males (SMF 1403), from Sargassum cymosum, 5 l substratum, 3. III. 1986. 21. — 1 male (ZMA 3381), from Digenia simplex, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82977FF807ADC17C89CCBFEC1.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline circular, crurigers touching along their entire length; crurigers 1 – 3 with short, dorso-distal spines, mostly on flat-rounded antero-lateral tubercle; all trunk segments fused. Anterior rim of cephalon with two short lateral spines. Ocular process higher than broad, with a distal pointed tip. Eyes relatively large, distinctly pigmented. Abdomen rather short and directed obliquely dorsally, with 5 short spines in distal half, abdomen surpasses the 4 th crurigers by ca. 1 / 4 of its length. Proboscis rather robust, bottle-shaped, somewhat narrowed in distal third only. Cheliphores 1 / 4 – 3 / 5 length of proboscis, distally rounded, with 3 – 4 short setae. Palp 6 - articled, 4 th article distinctly elongate, 3 rd article very short; terminal article twice as long as penultimate, with about 16 spines on lateral, ventral and distal aspect. Oviger 10 - articled, robust; articles 4 and 5 elongate, the fifth slightly longer than the fourth; 7 th article with a pronounced roundish tubercle which bears ca. 5 short spines; terminal article the shortest and bearing a pair of denticulate flat spines. Legs robust, articles with relatively few short spines and setae; coxae 1 of all legs on distal rim with an antero-lateral, a dorsal and frequently a postero-lateral round tubercle; these tubercles armed with 1 to 3 short setae; coxae 1 and coxae 3 of equal length, coxae 2 slightly longer; cement gland tube of femur dorso-distal, with a short and nearly straight terminal region; tibia 1 and tibia 2 of equal length, barely longer than femur, with two dorsal flat tubercles; tarsus as long as broad, with 5 short ventral setae; propodus moderately curved and without pronounced heel; proximal third of sole armed with 3 robust spines; distally with ca. 5 short setae; main claw moderately curved of 1 / 2 length of propodus; auxiliary claws feebly curved, 1 / 4 of propodus length. Measurements: Length 0.61; width (across 2 nd crurigers) 0.63; abdomen 0.17; proboscis 0.36. Leg 3: coxa 1, 0.18; coxa 2, 0.19; coxa 3, 0.18; femur 0.41; tibia 1, 0.39; tibia 2, 0.39; tarsus 0.04; propodus 0.35; main claw 0.17; auxiliary 0.09. Female: In contrast to to the previously decribed species without any apparent salient sexual dimorphism. Oviger conspicuously shorter and slenderer than in male; terminal article tiny, with one pair of denticulated foliose spines which are longer than the article itself.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82977FF807ADC17C89CCBFEC1.taxon	discussion	Remarks: T. isthmiacum is morphologically very variable, which induced Fage & Stock (1966: 318) to split it into 2 subspecies, T. isthmiacum isthmiacum and T. isthmiacum difficile. Here we do not follow this procedure as a clear separation is too difficult. The first author is convinced that an erection of subspecies is not helpful while even the distinction of species in this genus is problematical. Closer relations may exist with Tanystylum oculospinosum Hilton, 1942 from Baja California and the Galápagos Archipelago (see Child & Hedgpeth 1971: 619, fig. 5). Based on the figures of Child & Hedgpeth, T. isthmiacum is differentiated from T. oculospinosum by more feebly developed tubercles on coxae 1 of legs and by more robust femora and tibiae. In the research area T. isthmiacum belongs among the more rarely found species. Mostly diverse algal stands from the mesolittoral to ca. 0.5 m depth were colonized. This comes as a surprise, as almost all data from the literature report this species from deeper water layers.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82977FF807ADC17C89CCBFEC1.taxon	distribution	Distribution: From the Pacific there are records from Costa Rica and Mexico (Child 1979: 29), from Panamá (Stock 1955 b: 247) and Ecuador (Stock 1975 c: 74). In the western Atlantic the species was recorded from Panamá (Child 1979: 29), Brazil (Stock 1975 a: 984), Curaçao (Stock 1979: 11) and Martinique (Müller 1990 d: 280). From the eastern Atlantic there is one find from the Islands of Cape Verde only (Stock 1966: 389).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF817ADC17C89ED2FA05.taxon	description	Fig. 24	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF817ADC17C89ED2FA05.taxon	materials_examined	Material: Holotype: 5. — Fem. (gravid) (SMF 1489), coral rubble, 30 m, 19. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF817ADC17C89ED2FA05.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The species epithet refers to its relationship with Tanystylum mexicanum Child, 1979.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF817ADC17C89ED2FA05.taxon	description	Description of female holotype: Trunk circular, all segments completely fused; crurigers smooth and without setae. Ocular process about 1.6 times as high as broad, with a short terminal tip. Eyes rather large, distinctly pigmented. Abdomen rather long and nearly vertical, 6 short setae in distal half; abdomen surpasses 4 th crurigers by 1 / 3 of its length. Proboscis enlarged and bottle-like in its proximal half, distally broadly tubular with obtuse end. Cheliphores one-articled, 1 / 6 length of proboscis, distally round, with 3 – 4 short setae. Palp 6 - articled, 4 th article strongly elongate, 3 rd article very short, separation line between both very obvious; 6 th article slender, two times as long as 5 th, with 16 relatively short setae oriented laterally, ventrally and distally. Oviger with 10 articles, 4 th and 5 th prolonged; terminal article with a pair of large denticulate spines. Legs slender in comparison with other species in the genus. Coxa 1 on distal rim with small roundish tubercles in an antero-lateral, dorsal and postero-lateral position, which bear apically a short seta; coxae 1 – 3 of equal length; femur with a conspicuous dorsodistal tubercle, which bears 5 setae; tibia 2 just slightly longer than tibia 1, both with densest setation dorsally; tarsus as long as broad, ventrally with robust spine and 3 short setae; propodus moderately curved and slender; sole without pronounced heel, 2 robust spines and 2 short setae in proximal half; distal half with 7 short setae or spines; main claw slender, feebly curved and 1 / 2 length of propodus; auxiliaries also feebly curved, 1 / 4 length of propodus. Measurements: Largest species of genus in the research area: Trunk length 0.96, width (across 1 st crurigers) 0.83; abdomen 0.46; proboscis 0.75. Leg 3: Coxa 1, 0.33; coxa 2, 0.34; coxa 3, 0.34; femur 0.92; tibia 1, 0.90; tibia 2, 0.98; tarsus 0.15; propodus 0.58; main claw 0.31; auxiliaries 0.16. Male: unknown.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF817ADC17C89ED2FA05.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The new species is related to Tanystylum calycirostrum Schimkewitsch, 1889 from Bermuda as well as to Tanystylum mexicanum Child, 1979 from the Pacific coast of Mexico. Both of these species are known from males only. From T. calycirostrum the new species is distinguished by the lack of tubercles on the crurigers, the broadly tube-like terminal part of the proboscis, the longer cheliphores, distinctly separated articles 3 and 4 of palps, a prolonged distal palp article and longer setae on femora and tibiae (cf. Child 1979: 23, Fig. 8). From T. mexicanum the new species is easily distinguished by the lack of tubercles on the crurigers, a longer tubiform terminal part of the proboscis, a longer cheliphore, a 6 - articled palp with a prolonged terminal article, and longer setae on the leg articles (comp. Child 1979: 32, Figs. 11 a-h.).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF817ADC17C89ED2FA05.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF877ADC12859853FD5F.taxon	description	Fig. 25 During the preparation of this study the first author conducted field-work on Martinique, French Antilles, which yielded an additional male. The results of that research have already been published (Müller 1990 d), but this specimen of the new Tanystylum species was held apart in order to be included here as a paratype.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF877ADC12859853FD5F.taxon	materials_examined	Material: Holotype: 44. — Male (SMF 1111), on Syringodium, 1.5 – 2 m, 25. II. 1986. Paratype: 1 male (ZSM), Martinique; Petite Anse de Macabou, from dead corals on a patch reef near the coast; exposed upper reef top and seaward rim of reef, 0 – 2 m, 6. – 15. IV. 1990.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF877ADC12859853FD5F.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Derived from the type locality, the Tayrona National Park eastward of Santa Marta.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF877ADC12859853FD5F.taxon	description	Description of male holotype: Trunk outline circular, crurigers with indistinct tubercles in an anterolateral position each of which with short dorso-distal seta. Short seta on cephalon above origin of palps. Trunk segments fused. Ocular process slightly higher than basal breadth, tip acuminated. Eyes relatively large, distinctly pigmented. Abdomen short and robust, directed obliquely upwards; its dorsal surface armed with about 11 short setae. Anterior of abdomen insertion a characteristic distally rounded tubercle without any setae, its height measures 1 / 3 length of ocular proces. Proboscis relatively slender, abruptly narrowing in its distal sixth and with parallel outline; tip of proboscis large and obtuse. Cheliphores more than 1 / 3 of proboscis length, distally somewhat converging, at their base coalesced on their median surface. Cheliphores distally rounded, with 6 – 7 short setae along almost entire length. Palp 4 - articled, 2 nd article elongate; terminal article almost twice length of third article, bearing about 15 setae on lateral, ventral and distal aspect. Oviger 10 - articled, slender, articles 4 and 5 elongate and subequal in length; articles 6 – 9 with few short setae; terminal article tiny and bearing a pair of slender smooth spines longer than the article itself. Legs relatively slender, moderately setose. Coxae 1 of all legs distally with round and setose tubercles in an antero-lateral and dorsal position; a postero-lateral tubercle feebly developed or absent; coxae 1 and coxae 3 of equal length; coxa 2 1.2 times as long as the other two coxae combined; cement gland on dorso-distal extremity of femur, ending in a short straight tube; tibia 1 and tibia 2 of equal length, slightly shorter than femur; all tibiae on dorsal face with 3 flat round setose tubercles in a row; on tibia 1 antero- and 1 posterolateral additional tubercles, on tibia 2 three more tubercles in same position; tarsus as long as broad, 4 short ventral setae; propodus relatively slender and moderately curved; sole without distinct heel, 3 robust spines in proximal third; sole bearing about 12 short spines and setae distally; main claw moderately curved, 1 / 2 length of propodus; auxiliary claws shaped like main claw, 1 / 4 length of propodus. Measurements: Length 0.65; width (across 2 nd crurigers) 0.66; abdomen 0.19; proboscis 0.39. Leg 3: coxa 1, 0.19; coxa 2, 0.24; coxa 3, 0.20; femur 0.41; tibia 1, 0.52; tibia 2, 0.52; tarsus 0.12; propodus 0.40; main claw 0.18; auxiliary claw 0.10. Female: unknown.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF877ADC12859853FD5F.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species is the nearest relative to Tanystylum haswelli Child, 1990 from the Australian Great Barrier Reef. They are in habitus very close, but T. tayronae n. sp. has a longer abdomen, dorsal tubercles on the coxae of legs 1 – 3 and a less prominent cement gland on the femur than T. haswelli, which allows differentiation between them (see Child 1990: 317, Fig. 2). There are also similarities with Tanystylum oedinotum Loman, 1923 from the southern Indo-Pacific, but there are distinct differences from both species mentioned above, e. g. the tubercle at the base of abdomen in T. oedinotum is better developed and setose, the palp is 5 - articled (see Clark 1977: 330; Figs. 44 – 50). Arnaud (1972 d: 810) figures an aberrant palp of a male from Kerguelen Island as 6 - articled.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82974FF877ADC12859853FD5F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Caribbean coast of Colombia and Martinique, French Antilles.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82972FF847ADC14749D62FF72.taxon	description	Fig. 26	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82972FF847ADC14749D62FF72.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 1 male, 4 females, 1 juv. (USNM 170514), Panamá-Pacific; Panamá City, Patilla Beach, lower mesolittoral, from hydropolyps, 28. XI. 1970, leg. A. A. Reimer.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82972FF847ADC14749D62FF72.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species was not sampled in the research area, although its geographic distribution encompasses the Caribbean region. In order to differentiate it from nearly related Tanystylum isabellae we figure a male and a female. A clear differentiating character from all other congeners is the proboscis, which in its basal third is enlarged to a bottle shape, whereas the distal two thirds are slender and tube-like. In comparison to T. isabellae the tubercles on top of the coxae 1 are mostly not as definitely round and in part also branched.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82972FF847ADC14749D62FF72.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Predominantly found in the tropical western Atlantic from several localities (see Child 1982: 363). The only records from the Indo-Pacific regions are from Panamá (Child 1979: 34) and Kenya (Müller 1990 c: 67).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82971FF847ADC156A9983FD70.taxon	description	2. Legs relatively densely coated by hairs, femur and tibia 1 without any dorsodistal tubercles ....................... A. latipes Legs sparsely hairy, femur and tibia 1 dorso-distally bearing a slender tubercle .......................................... A. castelli	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82971FF8A7ADC14099EEBFE33.taxon	description	Fig. 27	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82971FF8A7ADC14099EEBFE33.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 5. — 5 juv., among them 1 subadult (SMF 1112), coral rubble, 30 m, 18. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82971FF8A7ADC14099EEBFE33.taxon	description	Description of subadult male: Trunk relatively robust, outline a long oval, fully segmented; all segments bearing slender thorny dorso-median tubercle; these tubercles on segments 1 – 3 of similar height, that on the 4 th segment lower. Crurigers separated by about their own diameter, with 1 – 2 dorso-distal setae based on tiny inconspicuous tubercles. Ocular process in the centre of comparatively long cephalon, twice as high as basal diameter, basal half cylindrical, distally a pointed cone which bears some short setae. Ocular process of same height as anterior 3 segmental tubercles, bearing distinctly pigmented eyes. Anterior margin of cephalon above origin of palps adorned with small conical tubercle, bearing 2 short setae. Proboscis about 2 / 3 of trunk length, broadest in proximal half, distally rounded. Abdomen somewhat ventrally oriented, its extremity reaching the distal margin of coxae 2 of legs 4, dorsally with some short setae. Scape of cheliphores cylindrical, 3 times as long as broad, with dorso-median small tubercle bearing some short setae, in addition some dorso-distal and ventral short setae; fingers of cheliphores without teeth and relatively small. Palp 10 - articled; 3 rd and 5 th articles elongate, but 5 th slightly shorter than 3 rd; 5 distal articles with many ventral and distal short setae; articles 6 and 8 – 10 of equal length; 7 th article 1.5 times as long as these. Oviger 10 - articled; 4 th and 5 th articles elongate and of similar length; 4 distal articles with numerous pinnate spines, formula 13: 9: 6: 7; terminal article with a curved distal claw. Legs relatively robust; coxa 1 dorso-distally with low tubercle armed with seta; coxa 2 twice as long, coxa 3 1.5 times length of coxa 1; femur and tibia 1 of equal length, tibia 2 somewhat longer; femur and tibia 1 dorso-distally bearing irregularly rounded and narrow tubercle measuring about one fifth length of the corresponding articles; femur in addition with one distal and one postero-lateral tubercle; tarsus about as long as broad, with 6 short ventral setae; propodus 5 times as long as tarsus, feebly curved, sole with about 17 short setae. Main claw robust, moderately curved, 2 / 5 length of propodus. Measurements: Length 3.0; width 1.29 (at the level of 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.86; length of proboscis 2.14; length of cheliphores 0.71. Leg 3: coxa 1. 0.53; coxa 2, 0.78; coxa 3, 0.5; femur 1.71; tibia 1, 1.75; tibia 2, 1.93; tarsus 0.24; propodus 1.31; terminal claw 0.53. Small, juvenile specimen: Propodus nearly cylindrical. Ocular process distinctly higher than the pointed dorso-median outgrowths, each of which bearing one antero-distal seta.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82971FF8A7ADC14099EEBFE33.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Compared to the Santa Marta material, Stock’s (1975 a: 967, Fig. 4) figures show shorter and distally rounded dorso-median outgrowths. A similar variability of dorsomedian outgrowths was also seen in Ascorhynchus castellioides Stock, 1957 (see below). Stock (1975 a: 968) records a depth range of 0 – 40 m.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82971FF8A7ADC14099EEBFE33.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Mediterranean and western Atlantic, from the coast of North America (Georgia) southward to Colombia (Arnaud 1987: 41; Stock 1975 a: 966). The species was found by the VELERO III- expedition on the Caribbean coast of Colombia (Cabo de la Vela).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297FFF8B7ADC15499890F87C.taxon	description	Fig. 28	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297FFF8B7ADC15499890F87C.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 3. — 3 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1369), under rocks, 0.5 m, 30. XII. 1985. 8. — 2 juv. (SMF 1366), on corallinaceans on lighted jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 21. IV. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (INVEMAR), poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 23. IV. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (SMF 1369), corallinaceans and hydroids on jetty piles exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 24. IV. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem., 1 juv. (ZSM), poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 24. IV. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1362), algae and poriferans on jetty piles exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 8. V. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (ZMA 3366), algae and poriferans on jetty piles exposed to light, 10. V. 1985. 1 fem., 1 juv. (USNM), poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1365), poriferans and hydroids on jetty piles exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 1 male (ov.) (ZFMK), poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 18. V. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1358), poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 19. V. 1985. 1 fem., 1 juv. (MNHN), hydroids and bryozoans on shaded jetty piles, 1 – 3 m, 21. VI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1360), detritus and Cnidoscyphus on jetty piles exposed to light, 0 – 1 m, 31. VII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1368), epizoans on ropes and fishing lines between jetty piles, region exposed to light 0.5 – 6 m, 2. VIII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1367), different upgrowth on jetty piles exposed to light, 0.5 – 6 m, 3. IX. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1364), different upgrowth on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 17. XII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1361), poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 14. II. 1986. 9. — 1 male (ZSM), coral rubble, 20 – 22 m, 26. I. 1986. 2 juv. (SMF 1357), coral rubble covered by hydroids and bryozoans, 30 m, 10. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297FFF8B7ADC15499890F87C.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk a prolonged oval, robust, fully segmented; segments with setose and distally round or acute dorso-median tubercles. Cephalon distally with pair of tiny tubercles, with short apical seta. Ocular process cone-shaped, in centre of cephalon, as high as its basal diameter, with relatively small, distinctly pigmented eyes. Proboscis a long oval of about 2 / 3 trunk length. Crurigers 1 – 4 slightly longer than broad, separated from each other by 1 / 2 of their diameter, dorso-distally and laterally with some short setae. Abdomen rather short, not reaching the distal margin of coxa 2 of 4 th cruriger. Scape of cheliphores one-articled, at the basal third bent ventrally; chelae just stumps. Palp 10 - articled, 3 rd and 5 th article longer, 3 rd article somewhat longer than fifth; 5 distal articles with numerous short setae ventrally and distally. Oviger 10 - articled, relatively robust; articles 4 and 5 longest, of almost same length; 4 distal articles with numerous serrated spines; terminal article with robust short claw. Legs robust, coxa 1 of 2 / 3, coxa 3 of 9 / 10 length of coxa 2; coxa 2 bearing obtuse ventro-distal tubercle; femur slightly shorter than tibia 1, no distinct protuberances or spines; tibia 1 slightly shorter than tibia 2, numerous short and sparsely arranged setae; tarsus as long as broad, with about 7 ventral setae; propodus feebly curved and robust, 6 times as long as tarsus, dorsally about 6 longer setae in a row; sole with 13 short and feebly curved setae; main claw 1 / 3 length of propodus, robust and moderately curved. Measurements: Trunk length 1.7; width (across 2 nd crurigers) 0.95; abdomen 0.6; proboscis 1.4; cheliphores 0.61. B 3: coxa 1, 0.24; coxa 2, 0.38; coxa 3, 0.34; femur 0.85; tibia 1, 0.95; tibia 2, 1.08; tarsus 0.16; propodus 0.75; main claw 0.3.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297FFF8B7ADC15499890F87C.taxon	discussion	Remarks: After its original description the species has been recorded rather frequently. Remarkable was the frequent occurence of A. castellioides among the epifauna of piles (Stock 1957 b: 82; 1975 a: 968), which corresponds with the findings in the Santa Marta region. In Colombia the species was encountered along the entire research range of 0 – 30 depth. Contrary to the assumption of Child (1979: 15) the vertical distribution of juveniles in the research area is not deeper than that of adult specimens. Ovigerous males were encountered in small numbers in month VI.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297FFF8B7ADC15499890F87C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Western Atlantic, from Florida, Panamá to Venezuela and Barbados.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297DFF8E7ADC17C89E1EFE17.taxon	description	Fig. 29	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297DFF8E7ADC17C89E1EFE17.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 12. — 1 fem. (INVEMAR), Coral rubble, growth of Neofibularia, 10 m, 24. IX. 1985. 1 fem., 1 juv. (ZSM) coral rubble, 17 – 19 m, 9. I. 1986. 22. — 3 fem. (1 gravid), 5 juv. (SMF 1113), on Halimeda upon reef surface, lower mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986. 24. — 1 juv. (SMF 1114), Thalassia with corallinaceaeous algae, 1 m, 21. I. 1986. 1 juv. (SMF 1115), coral rubble, 7 – 8 m, 27. IX. 1985. 27. — 8 males (4 ov.), 4 fem. (1 gravid), 3 juv. (SMF 1116), coral rubble among Thalassia, 1 m, 1. XI. 1985. 28. — 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1117), under stones, 0.5 m, 4. IV. 1986. 34. — 2 males (SMF 1118), under stones, 0.5 m, 10. IV. 1986. 36. — 1 male (ov.) (ZFMK), coral rubble, 11 – 16 m, 23. IX. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (ZMA 3367), under stones, 0 – 0.5 m, 14. IV. 1986. 1 fem. (MNHN), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297DFF8E7ADC17C89E1EFE17.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk robust, dorsal outline a long oval, completely segmented; segments 1 – 3 adorned with cone-shaped dorso-median tubercle, which bear some short spines apically. Crurigers separated from each other by 1 / 3 – 1 / 4 of their diameter, dorso-distally with acute tubercle, and dorso-distally and laterodistally with 2 – 6 short spines. Cephalon barely longer than broad, with short pointed protuberance over origin of cheliphores; Cephalon slightly broadened at origin of palps, strongly so at origin of ovigers. Ocular process situated at anterior region of oviger origin, about as long as broad, distally with short tip; eyes distinctly pigmented. Proboscis a longish oval, broadest in its middle part, twice as long as broad, about 2 / 3 of trunk length. Abdomen protracted, reaching well over hind margin of first coxae of leg 4, directed horizontally, distally rounded; sparsely clad with short setae in dorsal and lateral positions. Cheliphore scape relatively short, about twice as long as broad, with some dorsal and retro-lateral spines; chela a stump. Palp 10 - articled, 3 rd and 5 th article prolonged, 5 th slightly shorter than 3 rd; 5 distal articles with numerous, mainly ventral setae. Oviger 10 - articled; 4 th and 5 th articles the longest and of same length; 4 distal articles with numerous serrated spines of different size, terminal article with robust smooth distal claw. Legs robust and rather densely spinose; coxae 1 and 3 of about same length; coxa 2 as long as lengths of coxae 1 and 3 together; femur as long as tibia 2, slightly shorter than tibia 1, 3.5 times as long as broad; tibiae 1 and 2 more strongly spinose than femur; tarsus about as long as broad, 1 / 5 times as long as propodus; propodus feebly curved, 4.5 times as long as broad; sole with about 14 ventral spines, dorsally and laterally only sparsely spinose; main claw robust, distinctly curved, about half length of propodus. Measurements: Trunk length 2.3; width 1.32 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.62; length of proboscis 1.42; length of cheliphore 0.21. Lengths of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.29; coxa 2 — 0.56; coxa 3 — 0.32; femur 0.96; tibia 1 — 0.97; tibia 2 — 1.00; tarsus 0.11; propodus 0.59; main claw 0.26.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297DFF8E7ADC17C89E1EFE17.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Up to now no detailled description of A. latipes existed, but the species is easily distinguished from the other Ascorhynchus species in the western Atlantic by its robust build, its straight cheliphore scape and the densely spinose legs. Besides the original description, only Stock (1979: 3, Fig. 1 a) published drawings of the species. The habitus drawing by Stock from Curaçao shows the crurigers farther separated than the Colombian material. A. latipes appears most closely related to Ascorhynchus corderoi du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1952 from Brazil, Mauritius and the Aldabra Atoll in the Seychelle Islands. This species is in habitus very similar to A. latipes, but distinctly separated by a two-articled cheliphore scape (cf. du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1952: 24, Fig. 3). The conditions encountered at its sampling locations suggest that A. latipes has few requirements on substrate nature and does not avoid the surf region. Child (1982: 359) assumes " some preference for sand and rocky habitats ". In 1979 (p. 16) the same author recorded this species most frequently from the Caribbean coast of Panamá and speaks of a prolonged life cycle.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297DFF8E7ADC17C89E1EFE17.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Amphi-atlantic. In the western Atlantic recorded from the Bahama Islands and Florida southwards to the coasts of South America. In the eastern Atlantic the species was found on the coast of Senegal (see Child 1982: 359).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297BFF8E7ADC16AB9984FD52.taxon	description	2. Crurigers without spines; first coxa of all legs with a distally pointed dorso-lateral tubercle ................... E. raphiaster Crurigers 1 and 2 with a dorsodistal spine; coxa 1 of all legs without any distal tubercle, just 1 dorsal spine .............. ..................................................................................................................................................................... E. clitellaria	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297BFF8C7ADC146B9EFFF9A7.taxon	description	Figs. 30 – 31	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297BFF8C7ADC146B9EFFF9A7.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 4. — 4 fem. (1 gravid), 3 juv. (SMF 1197), coral rubble, 30 m, 10. III. 1986. 5. — 16 males (3 ov.), 15 fem. (gravid), 27 juv., the series has been divided as shown here: 10 males (3 ov.), 9 fem., 27 juv., SMF 1198; respectively 1 male and 1 gravid fem. ZFMK, INVEMAR, MNHN, ZSM and ZMA 3370; coral rubble, 30 m, 18. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297BFF8C7ADC146B9EFFF9A7.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal outline oval, completely segmented. Crurigers separated by 1 / 2 – 3 / 4 of their diameter. Crurigers 1 and 2 each with robust dorso-distal spine. Ocular process 3.6 times as long as broad, somewhat anteriorly inclined; eyes feebly pigmented; distal part of ocular process a slender cone bearing 3 short spines. Origin of oviger protruding, separated by about 2 / 3 of its diameter from first cruriger. Abdomen directed obliquely backwards and bent sharply ventrally at about mid-length, dorsally with 6 robust spines. Proboscis elongated pyriform, basal part twice longer than broad. Cheliphore scape two-articled, both articles of same length; basal article with robust dorso-distal spine; second article with a pair of small dorso-lateral spines at one third distance from proximal end, distally with pair of short dorso-lateral setae; cheliphore a stump with one short seta. Palp 10 - articled, two short basal articles; third article longest, about 1.2 times as long as fifth; four distal articles densely beset with short ventral setae. Oviger 10 - articled, with robust terminal claw; three basal articles short, fourth longest, 1.5 times as long as fifth; articles 7 – 10 with spines as figured. Leg 3: coxae 1 and 3 of subequal length; first coxae of all legs with robust dorsodistal spine; coxa 2 about 1.4 times as long as coxae 1 and 3; femur robust, middle part somewhat enlarged, with some robust dorsal and distal spines; tibia 1 is 1.2 times as long as tibia 2; tibia 1 straight, tibia 2 slightly curved, both with some slender dorsal spines and single sparsely plumose spine; tarsus 1 / 4 of propodus length, ventrally 4 short setae, dorso-laterally as well as distally single short seta; propodus slightly curved and with about 17 short ventral spines; main claw 2 / 5 length of propodus, robust. Measurements: Length of trunk — 1.1; width 0.75 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.5; length of proboscis: basal part 0.3; distal pyriform part 0.75; length of cheliphores 0.35. Article lengths of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.22; coxa 2 — 0.31; coxa 3 — 0.18; femur 0.72; tibia 1 — 0.70; tibia 2 — 056; tarsus 0.14; propodus 0.46; main claw 0.20. Female: In habitus and in size very similar to male, differing in: coxa 1 on legs 1 – 3 with additional pair of robust latero-distal spines; antero-lateral spines shorter than postero-lateral ones.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297BFF8C7ADC146B9EFFF9A7.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Especially in the spination on the trunk of E. clitellaria appears to be rather variable when comparing the published descriptions (compare Child 1979: Stock 1955 b: 263, Figs. 25 – 26). It seems doubtful whether the specimen recorded by McCloskey (1967: 128, Figs. 18 – 21) from North Carolina belongs to this species. This author ascribes to E. clitellaria a female specimen, but it does possess a cement gland and so ought to be a male. The spination on the crurigers, on the abdomen and on the legs differs distinctly from the original description as well as from the Colombian material. In addition the femora of the specimen figured by McCloskey are more robust, about 2.3 times as long as broad, in contrast to 3 times as long as broad in the present material. Also the material from the Santa Marta region differs from the original description of A. clitellaria by the presence of an additional antero-lateral spine on coxae 1 of legs 1 – 3; on the other hand the postero-lateral spine figured by Stock is absent on coxa 1 of leg 4. The relationships to other species in the genus are currently unclear. As E. clitellaria was found in Colombia only twice, no conclusions about phenology and preferred substrata can be made.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8297BFF8C7ADC146B9EFFF9A7.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Virgin Islands (Stock 1955 b), Pacific coast of Mexico (Child 1979), maybe North Carolina (McCloskey 1967), Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82979FF8C7ADC11DB9DD4F844.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Child (1988: 7) could not rule out the possiblity that E. curvata is the previously undescribed male sex of Eurycyde acanthopus Stock, 1979. Stock’s species was known from Venezuela only.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82979FF8C7ADC11DB9DD4F844.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Eurycyde curvata was known up to now from its male holotype from Colombia, where it was collected at Cabo de la Vela to the east of the research area in the Santa Marta by the expedition Velero III at a depth of 24 m in 1939.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82978FFF07ADC17C89CCBFE17.taxon	description	Figs. 32 – 33	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82978FFF07ADC17C89CCBFE17.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 4. — 6 males (1 ov.), 2 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1199), coral rubble, 18 m, 9. X. 1985. 9. — 1 juv. (SMF 1200), coral rubble, 15 m, 1. VII. 1985. 1 male (MNHN), same locality, 6 m, 4. VIII. 1985. 1 fem. (ZSM), same locality, 6 – 7 m, 3. XII. 1985. 1 fem. (ZSM), coral rubble; 12 – 15 m, 15. XII. 1985. 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1201), under stones, 2 – 3 m, 24. XII. 1985. 1 male (ov) (ZMA 3371), same locality, 0.5 – 1 m, 29. XII. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 3 juv. (ZFMK), under large blocks, 1 – 2 m, 4. II. 1986. 1 juv. (SMF 1202), coral rubble, 5 – 6 m, 14. III. 1986. 12. — 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (SMF 1203), coral rubble, 16 – 18 m, 16. IX. 1985. 22. — 2 males (1 ov.), 3 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1204), Halimeda on reef top, lower mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986. 27. — 1 juv. (SMF 1205), coral rubble among Thalassia, 1 m, 1. XI. 1985. 35. — 1 fem. (SMF 1206), coral rubble overgrown by poriferans, 18 m, 2. IX. 1985. 1 male, 3 fem., 1 juv. (INVEMAR), coral rubble 11 – 16 m, 23. IX. 1985. 42. — 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem., 4 juv. (SMF 1207), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986. 45. — 10 males (5 ov.), 3 fem. (SMF 1208), algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82978FFF07ADC17C89CCBFE17.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline oval, all segments fully separated. Crurigers separated by 1 / 10 to 1 / 3 of their diameter. All crurigers normally bearing short conical dorso-distal tubercles, variably developed. Ocular process 2.3 times as high as its basal diameter, distally rounded and with ring of usually 7 long spines. Eyes feebly pigmented. Lateral origins of ovigers separated by 1 / 5 of their diameter from cruriger 1. Abdomen almost erect and rather short, distally bearing ring of 6 long spines. Distal part of proboscis attenuated, pyriform, greatest diameter in basal half, basal part two times as long as diameter. Cheliphore scape two-articled, both articles of equal length. Basal article with robust dorso-distal spine; distal article with 6 – 8 dorsal and lateral spines and short distal seta; cheliphores rudimentary, bearing short distal seta. Palp 10 - articled, two short basal basal articles; third article longest, 1.3 times as long as fifth; four distal articles densely beset with ventral setae. Oviger 10 - articled, with robust terminal claw. Three basal articles short, fourth and fifth articles longest, subequal in length; articles 7 – 10 with serrated edges. Legs: coxae 1 and 2 subequal in length; coxa 1 with characteristic pointed processes at distal and dorsolateral edge; distal process on coxa 1 of legs 1 – 3 longer than anterior one, with spines; processes on first coxa of leg 4 of same length and without spines; coxa 2 with 2 – 3 spines on dorsal and lateral aspect; coxae 3 each with one lateral spine; femur almost 4 times as long as broad, bearing slender lateral cement gland tube and 4 distal spines; tibiae 1 and 2 subequal in length; tibia 1 with 5 long spines in distal half, the distalmost sparsely plumose; tibia 2 with 4 long dorsal spines, distalmost sparsely plumose; some short ventral setae, concentrated in its distal quarter; tarsus two times as long as broad, with few short setae; propodus moderately curved, with about 16 short setae; propodus dorsally bearing 4 long setae; main claw short and robust, around 2 / 5 length of propodus. Measurements: Trunk length 1.4; width 0.96 (across second crurigers); length of abdomen 0.31; length of proboscis: basal part 0.28; distal pyriform part 0.96; length of cheliphore 0.91. Article lengths of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.30; coxa 2 — 0.28; coxa 3 — 0.19; femur 0.71; tibia 1 — 0.95; tibia 2 — 0.96; tarsus 0.14; propodus 0.56; main claw 0.17. Female: In size and habitus similar to male, dorso-distal tubercles on crurigers often absent (as shown in figure 18), spines on ocular process shorter. Coxae 2 distinctly more robust than in male.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82978FFF07ADC17C89CCBFE17.taxon	discussion	Remarks: E. raphiaster is the Eurycyde species collected most numerously in its wide distribution area, therefore it seems astonishing that previous descriptions lack many details. Possibly E. raphiaster is closely related to Eurycyde setosa Child, 1988 from the Philippines (Batan Island). Both agree in habitus as well as in the possession of dorsal tubercles on crurigers and first coxae. E. raphiaster is distingushed from this species by the lack of the numerous short hairs on the processes adorning the first coxae, the cement gland opening situated more distally, as well as in the absence of the several plumose spines in femur and tibiae 1 and 3. E. raphiaster is a species of shallow water occurring from the tidal zone to a maximal depth of 91 m. A distinct preference for particular substrata was not recognized, although it was never found on the growth covering jetty piles or in pure stands of sea-grass in the Santa Marta region. Mature males (often ovigerous) and females occurred all year round.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82978FFF07ADC17C89CCBFE17.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Amphi-atlantic, but the overwhelming majority comes from the Caribbean (see Stock 1986: 401). In the eastern Atlantic E. raphiaster is known from the Cape Verde Islands and Senegal (Stock 1990: 209).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82905FFF07ADC143A9983FA8B.taxon	description	2. Proboscis robust, hardly longer than broad; neck long and slender; 5 th article of oviger without distal tubercle; propodus straight ................................................................................................................................... C. minuta n. sp. Proboscis at least 1.6 times as long as its diameter; 5 th article of oviger with a distal round tubercle; propodus feebly curved .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Proboscis two times as long as broad, continually slightly narrowing distally; chela fingers long and slender, each cutting edge with 5 denticles; chela fingers two times as long as palm .................................................... C. cinto n. sp. Proboscis about 1.6 times as long as basal diameter, broadened in its distal half; chela fingers robust, hardly longer than palm; cutting edges of fingers finely granulated ................................................................................. C. longicoxa	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82905FFF07ADC16AC9983FC80.taxon	description	2. Trunk and legs covered with numerous spinose tubercles, crurigers distinctly separated, 5 th article of ovigers bearing a distal apophysis in males ........................................................................................................................... Pallenoides Trunk a dorso-median row of flat tubercles on every segment only, crurigers touching, 5 th article of ovigers bearing no distal apophysis in males .................................................................................................................... Pigrogromitus	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82905FFF67ADC12009F00F90F.taxon	description	Figs. 34 – 35	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82905FFF67ADC12009F00F90F.taxon	description	Callipallene brevirostrum — Stock 1975: 1010.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82905FFF67ADC12009F00F90F.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 20. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1490), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, 0 – 0.5 m, 7. VI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1491), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, 0 – 0.5 m, 7. XII. 1985. 3 males (1 ov.), 4 fem., 5 juv. (SMF 1492), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, 0 – 0.5 m, 7. I. 1986. 1 male (ov.) (ZMA 3368), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, 0 – 0.5 m, 12. II. 1986. 21. — 2 males (ov.), 2 juv. (SMF 1493), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 27. VI. 1985. 2 fem., 3 juv. (MNHN), 9. IX. 1985. 1 male, 3 fem., 3 juv. (SMF 1494), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 2. X. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.) (SMF 1495), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1496), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82905FFF67ADC12009F00F90F.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline oval, all segments free. Crurigers separated by about half of their diameter, hardly longer than broad, without any setae. Ocular process short and cone-shaped, eyes big and feebly pigmented. Laterally, the origin of oviger touching cruriger 1 along almost entire length. Abdomen short and erect, barely longer than broad. Proboscis 1.2 times as long as broad, its distal half broadening, distally broadly rounded. Cheliphores robust; scape 1.2 times as long as broad, with dorso-distal row of about 8 slender setae; chela robust and feebly curved, cutting edges with a row of small rounded teeth; both fingers with several slender setae. Oviger 10 - articled, slender; 5 th article the longest, 4 th article second longest; 5 th article latero-distally with a rounded apophysis, which is slightly longer than broad, with a distal seta; the 4 distal articles all of similar length, with a row of serrated spines according to the formula 8: 7: 7: 8. Legs relatively robust, all articles sparsely beset with slender setae, more dense dorsally on tibiae and propodus; coxae 1 and 3 of equal length, coxa 2 2.5 times as long as coxa 1; femur of subequal in length to tibia 2, 1 st tibia slightly shorter; tarsus as long as broad, with some sparse setae and a ventral spine; propodus feebly or moderately curved, no heel; proximal third of sole with 5 robust spines, which are antero-distally feebly dentated; distal two thirds with 5 shorter spines and some longer setae; main claw robust, feebly curved, 1.3 times as long as the auxiliaries, which are slenderer more curved.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82905FFF67ADC12009F00F90F.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Presumably this species is related to Callipallene longicoxa Stock, 1955 (see below). The note by Stock (1979: 14): " This is a species that prefers protected sites (lagoons, etc.) in which soft substrates predominate " reflects the situation encountered in Colombia in part only. All specimens sampled were in the tidal zone down to 0.5 m depth on top of barely wave-exposed dead Porites reef on the eastern shore of Bahía Concha. No statements relating to its phenology are possible, because of the small number of specimens collected, but adults seem to be present all year round. The species was about equally represented in stands of both brown algae, viz. Digenia simplex and Sargassum cymosum which were quantitatively sampled.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82905FFF67ADC12009F00F90F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Callipallene brevirostris has been recorded in great numbers from the northern Atlantic, including the Caribbean. The first reliable record in the Mediterranean was published by Stock (1987: 513). The species was not known previously from Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82903FFF57ADC11839ED2FD99.taxon	description	Figs. 36 – 37	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82903FFF57ADC11839ED2FD99.taxon	materials_examined	Material: Holotype: 40. — Male (ov.) (SMF 1497), Thalassia, 1 – 3.5 m, 8. VIII. 1985. Paratypes: 40. — 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1498), together with holotype. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1499), Thalassia, 1 – 3 m, 3. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82903FFF57ADC11839ED2FD99.taxon	etymology	Etymology: After the type locality, Bahía Cinto in Tayrona National Park, a noun in apposition.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82903FFF57ADC11839ED2FD99.taxon	description	Description of male and female: Dorsal outline a long oval, very long neck region, which is longer than its own (first) segment base and the entire second segment together; these two anterior segments distinctly separated, as well as second from third, but segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers separated by about their own diameter, 1.2 times as long as broad, without setation. Oviger origins well differentiated from first crurigers. Ocular process flatly rounded, eyes small and slightly pigmented. Abdomen nearly upright, distally rounded, slightly higher than ocular process. Proboscis length twice its diameter, distally obtusely rounded and feebly constricted. Cheliphore scape slender, 4 times as long as broad, with dorso-distal and antero-lateral setae; chela very slender, fingers feebly curved; cutting edges of both fingers with 5 small teeth each. Ovigers long and slender; 5 th article longest, twice as long as 4 th, dorso-distally with a round tubercle with distal seta; the 4 distal articles of similar length and armed with a row of serrated spines according to formula 4: 4: 3: 3. Legs very slender, 2 nd coxa about twice as long as lengths of coxae 1 and 3 combined; femur in female with a wide ventral dilation to hold ova; femur in both species minmally 9 times as long as broad; first tibia 9 / 10 length of femur, but more densely setose than femur; tibia 2 about 1.3 times length of tibia 1, similarly clad in setae; tarsus length equals breadth, with 3 setae and apically forked spine; propodus feebly curved, slender, no distinct heel; proximal half of sole with 3 – 5 robust spines, 3 – 4 of them apically forked; distal region of sole with 4 – 5 short spines and 1 – 2 setae; main claw slender and feebly curved, auxiliary claw more strongly curved but more slender than main claw. Measurements of holotype: Trunk length 0.70; width 0.25 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.07; length of proboscis 0.16; length of cheliphore scape 0.18; length of chela 0.21. Lengths of leg 3: length of coxa 1 — 0.08; length of coxa 2 — 0.45; length of coxa 3 — 0.12; femur 0.71; tibia 1 — 0.62; tibia 2 — 0.75; tarsus 0.03; propodus 0.08; claws of holotype damaged.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82903FFF57ADC11839ED2FD99.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species is known only from the type locality, it demonstrates close relationships to Callipallene evelinae Marcus, 1940 from Brazil. Comparing the original description the differences to this species are: the neck region in C. cinto n. sp. is markedly more slender, as are the legs and ovigers. The 5 th oviger article in C. evelinae is almost the same length of the 4 th — in the new species the 5 th article is strongly elongated and bears a distal apophysis, which is apparently absent in evelinae. The propodus in all legs in C. cinto is more slender and less curved. Seemingly the legs of the Brazilian species bear plumose setae, but without actual material at our disposition we cannot rule out the possibility that these are just threadlike algae (compare Marcus 1940: 31, Fig. 2). The species was found in the research area exclusively in a seagrass stand in Bahía Cinto (on Thalassia).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82903FFF57ADC11839ED2FD99.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82900FFFB7AD515029FF5FEC1.taxon	description	Fig. 38	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82900FFFB7AD515029FF5FEC1.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 4. — 1 male, 1 juv. (SMF 1500), coral rubble, 25 m, 18. IX. 1985. 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1501), on poriferans and hydroids, 25 – 30 m, 18. IX. 1985. 1 adult (SMF 1502), coral rubble, 30 m, 10. III. 1986. 5. — 6 adults (2 ov.) (SMF 1503), coral rubble, 30 m, 18. II. 1986. 9. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1504), coral rubble, 30 m, 21. IX. 1985. 12. — 1 adult (SMF 1505), coral rubble, 17 – 19 m, 9. I. 1986. 42. — 1 adult (SMF 1506), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986. 45. — 1 male (ov.), 1 adult (ZMA 3369), algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82900FFFB7AD515029FF5FEC1.taxon	description	Description of male and female: Dorsal outline a long oval, the two distal segments fused. Crurigers smooth, without setae, barely longer then broad, separated by their own diameter. Ocular process twice higher than basal diameter, distal tip elongated. Eyes large, feebly pigmented. The origins of ovigers in full contact with the anterior surface of first crurigers. Abdomen around 1.5 times as long as broad, nearly upright and without setae. Proboscis 1.6 times as long as broad, its distal half broader and apically obtusely rounded. Cheliphores relatively robust; scape twice longer than its diameter, some distal setae; chela robust, moderately curved, cutting edges with tiny denticles; at base of immovable finger some slender setae. Oviger 10 - articled, very slender; 5 th article slightly shorter than longest 4 th article, with latero-distal apophysis bearing a seta, and 6 slender setae in a row; the 4 distal articles of similar length, each with a series of serrated spines according to the formula 8: 7: 7: 6. Legs very slender, only tibiae densely setose. Second coxae very much prolonged (hence specific name), 2.7 times as long as first and second coxae together. Femur longer than tibia 1, 8.5 times as long as broad at the largest diameter; tibia 2 longest leg article, its distal half slightly narrower. Tarsus as long as broad, 5 slender setae and a ventral robust spine; propodus feebly curved, without distinct heel; sole in proximal third with 4 robust spines, distally with 8 small spines and about 4 slender setae; main claw moderately curved and robust, half as long as propodus and barely longer than the narrower auxiliaries. Measurements (male): Trunk length 1.1, width 0.44 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.13; length of proboscis 0.25; length of cheliphore scape 0.2; length of chela 0.31; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.12; coxa 2 — 0.81; coxa 3 — 0.19; femur 1.3; tibia 1 — 1.18; tibia 2 — 1.55; tarsus 0.08; propodus 0.34; main claw 0.15; auxiliary claw 0.13.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82900FFFB7AD515029FF5FEC1.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Callipallene longicoxa is possibly most closely related to C. brevirostris, Stock (1955 b: 223) described it as subspecies of that species. In 1986 (p. 424) Stock rised C. longicoxa to species status. This is clearly warranted, when comparing the morphology and preferred substrata of C. brevirostris and C. longicoxa. While the former species is much more compact (figs. 34 – 35), prefers the uppermost shallow regions and reaches even to the surf zone, C. longicoxa is a slender form of the sublittoral in the Santa Marta region from 6 – 30 m, in literature it is recorded from deeper waters (24 – 37 m in Stock 1986: 424). Stock assumed Child’s (1982: 363) Callipallene belizae from Belize to be conspecific with longicoxa. We agree, as it does not seem justified to give it species status based on a slightly more compact build. C. belizae is here regarded as a junior synonym of C. longicoxa.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82900FFFB7AD515029FF5FEC1.taxon	distribution	Distribution: St. Thomas and St. John (Lesser Antilles, Stock 1955 b: 223), Belize (Child 1982: 363, under C. belizae), Florida (Stock 1986: 403) and Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290EFFFB7ADC16F99ED2F8D2.taxon	description	Fig. 39	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290EFFFB7ADC16F99ED2F8D2.taxon	materials_examined	Material: Holotype: 9. — male (SMF 1507), under stones, 2 – 3 m, 24. XII. 1985. Paratypes: 5. — 1 juv. (SMF 1508), coral rubble, 30 m, 18. II. 1986. 12. — 1 fem. (SMF 1509), coral rubble, 17 – 19 m, 9. I. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290EFFFB7ADC16F99ED2F8D2.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The species epithet chosen relates to the small size compared to other species in the genus.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290EFFFB7ADC16F99ED2F8D2.taxon	description	Description of male and female: Habitus very extenuated, all segments free. Crurigers 1 – 3 separated by twice their diameter, crurigers 3 and 4 separated by their diameter only; all crurigers without setae and about as long as their diameter. Ocular process very flat and broadly rounded, with small, feebly pigmented eyes. Lateral oviger origins markedly set apart from 1 st crurigers. Abdomen a short and apically rounded lappet. Neck region narrow, nearly as long as trunk region of its own segment and the 2 nd and 3 rd segments together. Proboscis robust, about as long as its diameter, distally broadly rounded. Cheliphore scape twice longer than broad, not overreaching proboscis, with two dorsodistal setae; chela rather robust, with 5 slender basal setae, fingers feebly curved; immovable finger basally bearing 5 slender setae; its cutting edge with 5 long pointed teeth; movable finger without setae, cutting edge with about 12 small teeth. Oviger long and slender, 10 - articled; 5 th article the longest, but hardly longer than 4 th; the 5 distal articles of nearly same length, the 4 distal ones with marginally serrated spines in formula 3: 3: 4: 4. Legs very slender, sparsely setose; coxa 2 about 2.5 times as long as lengths of coxa 1 and coxa 3 added; femur 8.5 times as long as its widest diameter, as long as tibia 1 and a trifle shorter than tibia 2; tarsus as long as broad, bearing 2 distal setae; propodus straight, sole without heel and in proximal third without spines, its distal part with 8 spines, which decrease distally in length, as well a few thin setae; main and auxiliary claws slender, moderately curved and of equal length. Measurements of holotype: Trunk length 0.63; width across 2 nd crurigers 0.21; length of abdomen 0.1; length of proboscis 0.1; Ch: length of cheliphore scape 0.12; length of chela 0.19; lengths of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.05; coxa 2 — 0.22; coxa 3 — 0.05; femur 0.38; tibia 1 — 0.38; tibia 2 — 0.41; tarsus 0.02; propodus 0.11; main claw 0.05; auxiliary claw 0.05.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290EFFFB7ADC16F99ED2F8D2.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This new species is very similar to Callipallene phantoma (DOHRN, 1881), which is very widely distributed in the northern Atlantic and the European Mediterranean, but up to now recorded in the Indo-Pacific from Japan and South Africa only. When writing this only 1 male and 1 female of this species was available from Rovinj, Croatia (det. F. Krapp). This material differs from Callipallene minuta in the following characters: The propodal sole is almost straight and 4 longer proximal spines on the feebly developed heel. The distal sole region bears 7 – 10 short spines, the tarsus has one ventral spine. The legs in C. phantoma are generally more densely setose. Both specimens are considerably larger (male 0.91, female 1.1), their ocular processes as well as the abdomen are much higher than in the newly described species. As in the very slender C. longicoxa, this species also seems to be a sublittoral form, which is absent in more exposed shallow waters. It was found between 2 – 30 m depth.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290EFFFB7ADC16F99ED2F8D2.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290BFFFE7ADC17889FB9F87E.taxon	description	Fig. 41 Pallenoides (?) spinulosa Stock, 1955: 227.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290BFFFE7ADC17889FB9F87E.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 43. — 1 juv. (SMF 1510), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. 45. — 2 males, 1 fem., 10 juv. (SMF 1511), on algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290BFFFE7ADC17889FB9F87E.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline oval, rather robust. Crurigers separated by less than their own diameter, 1.2 times as long as broad. Crurigers 1 – 3 with small tubercles dorso-distally and postero-laterally, which are covered with tiny spicules; cruriger 4 with one pair of dorso-lateral tubercles, also covered with tiny spicules. Trunk segments 2 and 3 dorso-medially with thorny spicules, similar to those on crurigers. Origins of ovigers separated from 1 st crurigers. Neck region short and robust, distally enlarged; near distal margin of cheliphore origin a row of tubercles covered by thorny spicules. Ocular process higher than broad, with acute tip, eyes rather small and feebly pigmented. Abdomen about 1.5 times as long as broad, distally rounded, with one pair of short lateral setae. Proboscis robust, with parallel margins in proximal half, distally enlarged and narrowing again apically. Cheliphores robust, apex of both fingers directly overhanging mouth opening. Scape twice longer than broad, one dorsal and two lateral thorny tubercles; chela proximally with some short setae; cutting edges of both fingers with indistinct rounded little teeth. Oviger slender, 5 th article the longest, about 1.3 times as long as 4 th; 5 th article bearing a series of 9 short setae and a distal tubercle with a short seta; the 5 distal articles of similar length, the 4 distal ones with spines with serrated edges, arranged in formula 7: 6: 6: 7. Legs robust; coxa 1 with distal pair of dorso-lateral spinose tubercles; coxa 2 about as long coxa 1 and coxa 3 together, with 6 spinose tubercles dorsally and dorso-laterally; coxa 3 with some short ventral setae; femur longest article, just longer than tibia 2; tibia 1 about 2 / 3 length of femur; femur and tibiae with several spinose tubercles in irregular arrangement, mostly on dorsal face, but femur with a pair of ventral and serially arranged spinose tubercles only; dorso-distal pair of tubercles on femur and tibia 1 situated alongside, longest on femur; tarsus as long as broad, with 3 short slender spines and a short seta on ventral aspect; propodus strongly currved, sole with feebly developed heel, armed with 4 robust spines; distal half of sole 8 short spines and several setae; main claw robust and feebly curved; apex reaching to 3 rd spine of proximal region of propodal sole. Measurements: Trunk length 2.2; width 1.12 (across second crurigers); length of abdomen 0.25; length of proboscis 0.54; length of cheliphore scape 0.60; length of chela 0.56; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.37; coxa 2 — 0.76; coxa 3 — 0.37; femur 1.48; tibia 1 — 1.20; tibia 2 — 1.40; tarsus 0.15; propodus 0.78; main claw 0.46. Female: in habitus very similar to male, but the tubercles on trunk segments and cheliphores more strongly developed. Postlarva: shows just hints of tiny knobs on crurigers, neck region and extremities, total length 0.85 (from anterior neck margin to the apex of stumps of legs 4).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290BFFFE7ADC17889FB9F87E.taxon	discussion	Remarks: In habitus very similar to Pallenoides amazonica Stock, 1975 from Brazil, but without auxiliary claws (cf. Stock 1975 a: 1013, Fig. 23). Pallenoides spinulosa is a species of the sublittoral, which up to now was collected rather rarely; data on habitat were only given by Stock (1975 a: 1012, " on Sargassum " ...). The depth distribution is insufficiently known.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290BFFFE7ADC17889FB9F87E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tropical western Atlantic, recorded from 3 localities only: between St. Thomas and St. Jan (Stock 1955 b: 227), Puerto Rico (Stock 1975 a: 1012) and Yucatán Channel (Stock 1986: 403). The present Colombian locality is the first record from the southern Caribbean.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290AFFFC7ADC1055997BF989.taxon	description	Fig. 41	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290AFFFC7ADC1055997BF989.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 1. — 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (ZFMK), phaeophycean stands on rock, lower mesolittoral, 10. IX. 1985. 3 adults (2 ov.) (ZMA 3376), phaeophycean stands on rock, lower mesolittoral, mainly Sargassum, 9. X. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 2 juv. (INVEMAR), from Sargassum on rock, mesolittoral, 18. XI. 1985. 1 juv. (INVEMAR), from Sargassum on rock, mesolittoral 30. XII. 1985. 2. — 10 adults (1 ov.), 24 juv. (SMF 1485), from corallinacean algae on rock, sometimes clinging to anthozoans, ca. 0.5 m, 9. X. 1985. 9. — 1 adult (SMF 1486), under stones, ca. 0 – 0.5 m, 31. XII. 1985. 1 adult, 7 juv. (SMF 1487), under stones, 0 – 1 m, 28. I. 1986. 43. — 2 adults (1 ov.) (SMF 1488), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290AFFFC7ADC1055997BF989.taxon	description	Description of male: trunk oval and robust, all segments free. Crurigers with feebly accentuated round lateral tubercles on their dorso-distal margin; crurigers 1 – 4 touching each other over entire length, dorsodistally with some short setae. All trunk segments with flatly rounded tubercles in dorso-median line with sparse setae on top. Ocular process broader than high, with rather small, but distinctly pigmented eyes. Oviger origins globular and originating ventro-laterally on trunk, indistinctly separated from 1 st cruriger. Abdomen almost horizontal, twice longer than broad, bearing 4 distal setae. Proboscis a broad cylinder, distally rounded. Cheliphore slender, scape two-articled, rather slender, distal scape article twice longer than proximal; chela of about same length as distal scape article, proximally with two short setae only; distal region of untoothed chela fingers curved in a characteristic way. Oviger 10 - articled, rather robust; 5 th article the longest, a trifle longer than 4 th; 5 distal articles bearing several slender forked spines; the small tenth article with a curved claw. Legs robust, sparsely setose; coxae 1 – 3 in all legs of similar length; femur 1.4 times as long as tibia 1 and 2; tarsus as long as broad; propodus feebly curved; sole without heel, with a few sparsely distributed setae only; main claw robust and strongly curved, half length of propodus. Measurements of male: Trunk length 1.23; width 0.87 (across first or second crurigers); length of abdomen 0.34; length of proboscis 0.58; length of cheliphore scape 0.37; length of chela 0.18; length of leg articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.22; coxa 2 — 0.26; coxa 3 — 0.23; femur 0.46; tibia 1 — 0.34; tibia 2 — 0.28; tarsus 0.10; propodus 0.38; main claw 0.17.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290AFFFC7ADC1055997BF989.taxon	discussion	Remarks: In the research area Pigrogromitus timsanus colonized the uppermost shallow waters down to 1.5 m only, where it was found among algae. Several specimens were found clinging to small anthozoans and some of them had their proboscides inserted into the oral discs. Apparently these coelenterates are the staple food of P. timsanus. The first author observed the same behaviour in some specimens from Sri Lanka. The egg mass in ovigerous males is a broad clump, with both ovigers immersed into it. The eggs are numerous and their diameter much smaller than the diameter of an oviger article (cf. Calman 1927: 408, Fig. 104 b).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8290AFFFC7ADC1055997BF989.taxon	distribution	Distribution: The monotypical genus Pigrogromitus is pantropically distributed, in the western Atlantic it is known from Florida (Hedgpeth 1948: 214, Stock 1975: 1015), Curaçao (Stock 1975: 1015; 1989: 95), Panamá (Child 1979: 47), Belize (Child 1982: 367) and now also from the Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82909FFFC7ADC11BF9F46F87D.taxon	discussion	Remarks: A widely distributed species of deep sea, found between ca. 800 and 2000 m deepth. Stock (1986: 418) records one locality off the Atlantic coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82909FFFC7ADC11BF9F46F87D.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Nearly worldwide in oceanic deep basins.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82908FFE07ADC16E29FCFFCE6.taxon	description	Figs. 42 – 43 Nymphon aemulum Stock, 1975: 998. — Stock 1986: 402. Material: 37. — 1 male, 3 fem. (1 gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1512) on detritus, algae and hydroids, 6 m, 4. VI. 1985. 42. — 4 juv. (SMF 1513), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986. 43. — 2 males (ov.), 1 adult lacking legs, 4 juv. (ZMA 3372), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. 45. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1514) from algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985. Description of male and female: Dorsal trunk outline a long oval, all segments free, no tubercles and setae; crurigers separated by about 2 / 3 of their diameter, slightly longer than broad. Ocular process hemispherical, with feebly pigmented eyes. Oviger origins lateral, distinctly set off from first crurigers. Neck region short, proximally narrowing, but distally strongly enlarged. Abdomen a short and distally round tip, hardly longer than broad. Proboscis a long oval in outline, apically rounded, as long as first trunk segment. Cheliphores slender, scape cylindrical with nearly parallel dorsal outline, scape not reaching over proboscis tip; chela narrow, proximally bearing several setae of varying length, most densely at base of immovable finger; movable finger rather strongly curved, fitted with 10 long slender teeth and one short distal tooth; immovable finger shorter and nearly straight, cutting edge with 8 long slender teeth. Palp 5 - articled; 2 nd article the longest, 3 rd article 3 / 4 length of 2 nd, distally bearing several slender setae; distal article about half length of 2 nd, twice as long as 4 th; 4 th and 5 th article adorned with long sparsely distributed setae. Oviger of 10 articles; fifth article the longest, slender and distally enlarged to a club-like form, bearing crown of some sparsely setae; fourth article almost 3 times as long as diameter, 3 / 5 the length of fifth article; articles 6 – 10 progressively decreasing in length and diameter; 6 th article slightly curved and bearing numerous setae; the 4 distal articles with spines whose margins are plumose or serrated, according to the formula 14: 12: 13: 12; terminal claw smooth, without teeth or serrations, feebly curved, about 2 / 3 length of terminal article. Legs relatively slender and distal four articles especially with a dense cover of setae; coxa 2 twice as long as coxa 1 and coxa 3; femur and tibia 1 of same length, tibia 2 — 1.2 times longer; tarsus 1 / 3 as long as diameter, propodus slender and moderately curved; sole devoid of heel or spines, with a row about 12 slender setae; main claw robust, moderately curved, about 1 / 4 length of propodus, with some denticles on proximal inner margin; auxiliary claw more slender, of same length and curvature as main, with denticles on proximal part of inner margin. Measurements of male: Trunk length 1.4, width 0.67 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.13; length of proboscis 0.70; length of cheliphore scape 0.55; length of chela 0.51. Leg 3, lengths of articles: coxa 1 — 0.23; coxa 2 — 0.55; coxa 3 — 0.34; femur 1.15; tibia 1 — 1.15; tibia 2 — 1.43; tarsus 0.12; propodus 0.57; main claw 0.15; auxiliary claw 0.15.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82908FFE07ADC16E29FCFFCE6.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Nymphon macabou Müller, 1990 from Martinique and N. aemulum are very closely related. The latter species is distinguished mainly by its very slender habitus and the much more slender cheliphores. The chelae of both species are also different, those in N. macabou appear globose in dorsal view with short fingers, which are densely beset with robust teeth of different length (cf. Müller 1998 d: 280, Figs. 6 – 13), while those in N. aemulum are slender with long fingers, cf Fig. 42. Nymphon aemulum avoids the surf zone, but otherwise colonizes waters down to about 37 m (Stock 1975 a: 998), showing no preference for particular substrata.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82908FFE07ADC16E29FCFFCE6.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Florida, Antigua, Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Barbuda, Surinam (Stock 1975: 998), Guadeloupe (Stock 1986: 402) and now Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82915FFE67ADC149B9DF2FD0F.taxon	description	Fig. 45 – 46	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82915FFE67ADC149B9DF2FD0F.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 4. — 2 males (ov.), 1 juv. (ZMA 3373), coral rubble, 25 m, 18. IX. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 adult lacking legs, 2 juv. (SMF 1515), coral rubble, 18 m, 9. X. 1985. 1 male, 2 fem. (1 gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1516), coral rubble, 30 m, 10. III. 1986. 5. — 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1517), coral rubble, 30 m, 18. II. 1986. 1 male (ZSM), coral rubble, 13 m, 3. VI. 1985. 9. — 1 fem. (INVEMAR), on detritus and hydroids on stones, 22 – 23 m, 19. VI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1518), on detritus and hydroids on stones, 25 – 27 m, 22. VI. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 3 fem. (1 gravid) (SMF 1519), coral rubble, 30 m, 21. IX. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1520), coral rubble, 12 – 15 m, 15. XII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1521), coral rubble, 18 m, 18. XII. 1985. 1 fem., 2 juv. (ZFMK), same locality, 16 m, 2. I. 1986. 1 male, 1 adult lacking legs, 1 juv. (SMF 1522), coral rubble with hydroid growth, 30 m, 10. II. 1986. 12. — 3 fem. (SMF 1523), coral rubble, 16 – 18 m, 16. IX. 1985. 1 adult lacking legs (MNHN), coral rubble, 18 m, 2. X. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1524), coral rubble, 17 – 20 m, 7. XII. 1985. 13. — 1 male, 1 adult lacking legs (ZSM), coral rubble, 21 m, 8. XI. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82915FFE67ADC149B9DF2FD0F.taxon	description	Description of male and female: Dorsal trunk outline a long oval, all segments free. Crurigers smooth, without setae or tubercles, length and diameter nearly equal, separated by their own diameter. Ocular process barely higher than basal diameter, distally pointed, eyes feebly pigmented. Neck region variable, proximally slender or more robust, but not longer than both first trunk segments (1 + 2). Lateral oviger origins not differentiated from first crurigers. Abdomen a short lappet, as long as its diameter, distally rounded. Proboscis cylindrical, 2.5 times as long as broad, slightly narrower in its distal sixth. Cheliphores slender, scape distally reaching proboscis tip; hand of chela as long as fingers, which bear some short setae at base; fingers feebly curved and tips crossing, cutting edge with 16 teeth on immovable and 13 on movable finger, all bicuspid. Palp slender, second and third articles of same length, longer than other articles; distal article just slightly shorter than second and third articles, but 4.5 times as long as fourth article; distal two articles with numerous slender setae, which are mostly twice as long as the diameter of these articles. Oviger 10 - articled, the lengths of the articles increasing from first to fifth, then decreasing, but the four distal articles subequal in length; 5 th article elongate and slightly enlarged in distal fourth, on ventral face with a row of sparse setae all along its length; 6 th article 1 / 3 the length of fifth, slightly curved, bearing numerous setae longer than the diameter of article on both sides; the 4 distal articles bearing serrated spines, formula 9: 7: 6: 7 (figured male); terminal claw very slender, curved and smooth, barely longer than terminal article. Legs very long and slender; coxa 2 nearly three times as long as coxa 1 and coxa 3; femur and tibia 1 subequal in length, sparsely setose, tibia 2 is 1.4 times as long as tibia 1 or femur, densely setose on ventral and dorsal sides; tarsus twice as long as broad, propodus feebly curved, 7 times as long as broad; sole without heel, distal two thirds bearing 5 slender spines and several setae; main claw moderately curved, 0.35 times length of propodus, proximal inner margin with very small denticles; auxiliary claw barely longer than main claw, its proximal inner margin also denticulated. Measurements of male: Trunk length 1.07; width 0.47 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.14; length of probscis 0.57; length of cheliphore scape 0.46; length of chela 0.50; lengths of leg articles: coxa 1 — 0.32; coxa 2 — 0.93; coxa 3 — 0.39; length of femur 1.86; length of tibia 1 — 1.88; length of tibia 2 — 2.79; length of tarsus 0.21; length of propodus 0.60.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82915FFE67ADC149B9DF2FD0F.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Nymphon floridanum is the nearest relative of Nymphon setipedes Child, 1988 from Belize, with which it shares the slender build and the bicuspid teeth of the chela fingers. Nymphon setipedes differs from N. floridanum by an elongated neck region, which exceeds the length of the adjoining two trunk segments (1 st and 2 nd). In contrast the cheliphores of N. setipedes are more robust. The length of the neck region in N. floridanum, the number of teeth on the cutting edges of chela fingers, as well as the number of serrated spines on the distal oviger articles are variable. The Colombian animals differ from the re-description by Stock (1975 a: 994), as their propodal sole has 5 slender spines, which are partly hidden by the lateral setae. While the species has been frequently collected since its original description, data on colonized substrata are rare and heterogenous. Hedgpeth (1948: 166) mentioned a specimen from drifting algae, Stock (1975 a: 994) records Thalassia, Halimeda, poriferans, calcareous sand, sand and bottoms with a mix of sand and mud. Child (1979: 37) recorded 3 specimens from a fouling panel with epizoans, Child (1982: 374) a single juv. from Halimeda. In the Santa Marta region the colonized substratum was fairly homogenous and consisted almost exclusively of coral rubble, normally covered by varying amounts of detritus, also in places covered by hydroids and bryozoans. Mature individuals were found all year round, but the four ovigerous males were collected during the rainy season only. The vertical distribution agrees with records in the literature. N. floridanum avoids the surf zone and has been recorded at depths between 1 – 402 m (cf. Stock 1986: 402).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82915FFE67ADC149B9DF2FD0F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tropical and sub-tropical west-ern Atlantic. Recorded from Georgia, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Belize, Panamá, Caribbean Antilleans, Bahama Islands and Yucatán Channel (cf. Child 1979: 37; 1982: 374; Stock 1986: 402).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82912FFE57ADC15DA9962FB37.taxon	description	Fig. 46	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82912FFE57ADC15DA9962FB37.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 24. — 1 male (ov.), 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1241), Thalassia, 1 m, 4. IX. 1985. 27. — 1 male (ZSM), coral rubble among Thalassia, 1 m, 1. XI. 1985. 29. — 1 male, 3 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1242), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 21. I. 1986. 30. — 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid), 6 juv. (INVEMAR), Thalassia, 2 m, 29. V. 1985. 9 males (2 ov.), 9 fem. (7 gravid) (SMF 1243), Thalassia, 6. VI. 1985. 6 males (5 ov.), 3 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1244), Thalassia, 19. VI. 1985. 28 males (6 ov.), 8 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1245), Thalassia, 4. VII. 1985. 1 male, 4 fem. (3 gravid) (MNHN), Thalassia, 6. VIII. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1246), Thalassia, 0.5 – 2 m, 11. IX. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.) (SMF 1247), Thalassia, 2 – 3 m, 4. XII. 1985. 10 males (4 ov.), 7 fem. (4 gravid), 22 juv. (SMF 1248), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 17. I. 1986. 4 males, 7 fem. (5 gravid), 4 juv. (ZFMK), Thalassia, 1 – 3 m, 24. I. 1986. 1 male, 2 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1249), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 9. II. 1986. 33. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1251), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 14. XI. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1252), same locality, 20. XII. 1985. 34. — 3 fem. (2 gravid) (SMF 1253), under stones in ca. 0.5 m, 10. IV. 1986. 37. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1254), on detritus, algae and hydroids, 6 m, 4. VI. 1985. 38. — 4 males (2 ov.), 6 fem. (4 gravid), 1 juv. (ZMA 3375), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 17. III. 1986. 39. — 1 male (USNM), under stones, lower mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986. 40. — 1 male (SMF 1255), Thalassia, 1 – 3.5 m, 8. VIII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1256), Thalassia, 1 – 3 m, 3. IX. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1257), Thalassia, 2 – 4 m, 28. X. 1985. 43. — 43 males (24 ov.), 23 fem. (19 gravid), 7 juv. (SMF 1258), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. 44. — 4 males (2 ov.), 3 fem. (ZSM), Syringodium, 1.5 – 2 m, 25. II. 1986. 45. — 1 juv. (SMF 1259), from algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82912FFE57ADC15DA9962FB37.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk in dorsal view oval, third and fourth segments fused. Crurigers 1 – 3 each bearing a flat dorso-distal tubercle with a short apical seta; fourth cruriger in most cases without this tubercle, but often with the dorso-distal seta; crurigers separated by 1 / 2 of their diameter, decreasing in length from process 1 – 4. Ocular process twice higher than its basal diameter, eyes large and well pigmented. Abdomen longer than ocular process, length three times as long as diameter at base, nearly erect and distally bearing 6 short setae. Proboscis a prolonged cylinder, twice as long as broad, sometimes slightly more slender, ventrally and ventrolaterally with some short setae. Cheliphores long and slender, scape slender and scarcely longer than tip of proboscis, with some short setae; both fingers rather strongly curved; the immovable one shorter and most often with 2 pointed teeth, the movable one longer and most often with 3 such teeth. Oviger in male 6 - articled; 3 rd article the longest, about 1.4 times as long as second; 4 th article about as long as 5 th and 6 th together, slightly curved; terminal article considerably more slender and measuring 1 / 3 of length of 5 th article; terminal and subterminal articles with some sparse setae, which are short and directed towards their base. Legs rather robust; coxa 1 and coxa 3 of similar length, i. e. half the length of coxa 3; femur the longest leg article, with a tiny dorso-distal tubercle with longish straight seta; cement gland duct in a dorso-distal position at about middle of femur, short and cap-like with a broad distal opening; tibiae each with a long dorso-distal seta, which on tibia 2 is in slightly less distal position; tarsus as long as broad; propodus with a very distinct heel, at almost right angle with the sole, this heel clad with two robust distal spines and two much more slender spines on the anterior side; sole with 4 small slender spines in proximal row, distal two thirds with a long cutting lamella; main claw robust and almost straight, not reaching the distal margin of heel; auxiliary claw slightly curved and of 1 / 6 length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 0.65; width 0.44 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.21; length of proboscis 0.33; length of cheliphore scape 0.23; length of chela 0.13. Lengths of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.10; coxa 2 — 0.23; coxa 3 — 0.12; length of femur 0.42; length of tibia 1 — 0.38; length of tibia 2 — 0.34; length of tarsus 0.06; length of propodus 0.25; length of main claw 0.17; length of auxiliary claw 0.03. Female: Neglecting the sex specific characters like male. Postlarva: with stumps of the forming leg 4, without apparent articulation lines, total length 0.5.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82912FFE57ADC15DA9962FB37.taxon	discussion	Remarks: As stated by Child (1977 b: 587), A. bahamensis appears related to Anoplodactylus spinirostrum Stock, 1973, from the South-East of Australia and with Anoplodactylus turbidus Stock, 1975 from the Red Sea and the Dahlak Archipelago of Ethiopia in the north-western Indian Ocean. All these species have a similar aspect with a ventrally setose proboscis, a pronounced heel and a long lamella on the propodus. Nearer relationships may be assumed to A. spinirostrum, which differs from A. bahamensis by a more robust and ventrally more setose proboscis, the chela fingers are less toothed, the cement gland duct is more slender and auxiliary claws are absent. The development of dorso-distal tubercles on the crurigers, as well as form and number of teeth on the chela fingers shows a certain amount of variability (compare fig. 46 and Child 1977 b: 587, Fig. 2). Although many females in the genus Anoplodactylus (as they lack the male characters of ovigers and cement glands) cannot be identified with certainty, those of A. bahamensis may be easily distinguished in Colombian material by their ventral setose proboscis combined with toothed chela fingers from even syntopical females of Anoplodactylus trispinosus Stock, 1951. Although only 3 specimens of A. bahamensis were known from literature before in the Santa Marta region the species was commonly collected. Almost all samples came from sea-grass meadows, mostly Thalassia. The species evidently prefers the upper sublittoral and avoids the surf area. Including the data from the literature the vertical distribution ranges from 0.5 to 12 m depth. Ovigerous males were collected all year round except in the months IV – V, VIII and X. Ovaries of females of at least a number of specimens contained distinct eggs except in month XI.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82912FFE57ADC15DA9962FB37.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Bahamas (Child 1977: 587), Belize (Child 1982: 368) and Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82910FFEB7ADC124B9900FA39.taxon	description	Fig. 47	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82910FFEB7ADC124B9900FA39.taxon	description	1975: 191. Stock 1975: 133. Stock 1975: 1082. Child 1977: 444. Child 1979: 50. Stock 1979: 27. Child 1982: 368. Child 1988: 14. Stock 1989: 95. Child 1990: 311 – 335. Müller 1990 d: 283. Müller 1992: 47.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82910FFEB7ADC124B9900FA39.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 6. — 3 males (1 ov.), 1 juv. (MNHN), Thalassia, 2 m, 1. VIII. 1985. 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1176), 10. IX. 1985. 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1177), Thalassia, 3 m, 9. X. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 2 fem. (ZMA 3355), Thalassia, 12. XII. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 3 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1178), Thalassia ,, 1 – 2 m, 13. I. 1986. 7. — 4 males, 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1179), Syringodium, 3 m, 12. XII. 1985. 8. — 3 juv. (SMF 1180), upgrowth on ropes and fishing lines, between jetty piles, 0.5 – 6 m, 2. VIII. 1985. 9. — 1 juv. (SMF 1181), under stones, 0 – 1 m, 28. I. 1986. 10. — 1 juv. (SMF 1182), algae covering rocks, lower mesolittoral, 10. V. 1985. 17. — 1 juv. (SMF 1184), on Cnidoscyphus on rock, lower mesolittoral, 2. X. 1985. 4 juv. (SMF 1185), short algae on blocks of rock, mesolittoral to ca. 0.5 m, 7. I. 1986. 19. — 9 males (4 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1186), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 27. VI. 1985. 1 male, 1 juv. (ZSM), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 8. VII. 1985. 21. — 1 juv. (SMF 1187), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, lower mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986. 34. — 1 juv. (SMF 1188), under stones, ca. 0.5 m, 10. IV. 1986. 37. — 1 male, 1 fem. (INVEMAR), on detritus, algae and hydroids, 6 m, 4. VI. 1985. 38. — 1 juv. (SMF 1189), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 17. III. 1986. 40. — 5 males (2 ov.), 11 fem. (10 gravid), 5 juv. (SMF 1190), Thalassia, 1 – 3.5 m, 8. VIII. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 8 fem. (6 gravid) (SMF 1191), Thalassia, 2 – 4 m, 28. X. 1985. 42. — 1 juv. (SMF 1195), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986. 43. — 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (ZSM), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. 44. — 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1196), Syringodium, 1.5 – 2 m, 25. II. 1986. 45. — 2 male (1 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (ZSM), on algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82910FFEB7ADC124B9900FA39.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk oval, relatively robust, segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers about as long as wide, separated by 1 / 2 of their breadth, dorso-distally with a small tubercle. Ocular process two times higher than basal diameter, its distal half narrowing in form of a cone, eyes distinctly pigmented. Abdomen upright or directed obliquely backwards, twice as long as proximal diameter. Proboscis relatively long and nearly tubular, in its proximal fourth ventrally inclined, its distal region almost straight and directed horizontally. Cheliphore slender, barely reaching tip of proboscis; chela twice as long as broad, both fingers short, distinctly curved and untoothed; movable finger with a seta on proximal exterior margin. Oviger 6 - articled; 3 rd article the longest, 4 th article about as long as 5 th and 6 th together; terminal article shortest, cone-shaped; on articles 5 and 6 several short setae, which are mostly directed backwards. Legs robust; coxae 1 and 3 of same length, 2 / 3 the length of coxa 2; femur the longest and most robust article, without any bumps and few setae only; cement gland duct in a dorso-median position at the end of proximal half of femur, cement gland duct three times as long as its diameter, distally barely narrower and with fine transverse rings; tibia 1 1.3 times as long as tibia 2, both featuring a long dorso-distal seta; tarsus as long as broad; propodus with a well developed heel, distally bearing two robust spines; sole most often with 5 smaller spines and few short setae; no cutting lamella; main claw strongly curved, robust, 2 / 3 length of propodus; auxiliary claw absent. Measurements: Length of trunk 0.69; width 0.46 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.18; proboscis length 0.32; length of cheliphore scape 0.21; chela 0.11. Lengths of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.13; coxa 2 - 0.21; coxa 3 — 0.13; femur 0.37; tibia 1 — 0.33; tibia 2 — 0.26; tarsus 0.08; propodus 0.31; end claw 0.20. Female: Other than the secondary sexual characters, habitus like male. Postlarva: Legs 4 mere stumps, no articulation. Total length 0.64.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82910FFEB7ADC124B9900FA39.taxon	discussion	Remarks: A. batangensis is characterized by the slender proboscis and therefore easily identified even as a postlarva. Relationships with other species are not clear: A. batangensis may be close to Anoplodactylus marshallensis Child, 1982 from the Marshall Islands (Eniwetok Atoll) in the Pacific. This species is habitus similar to A. batangensis, its proboscis is consideraly more robust, there is a short cutting lamella on distal part of propodal sole. Cement gland duct of both species quite similar, with transverse rings (cf. Child 1982: 274, Fig. 2 a – f). A. batangensis may be related to Anoplodactylus squalidus Clark, 1973 (incl. A. rimulus Child, 1988), a species widely distributed in the tropical Indo-Pacific. It is differentiated from batangensis by a somewhat variable, but distinctly more robust proboscis, a longer cement gland duct without transverse rings and a short distal cutting lamella on the propodal sole (cf. Child 1988: 60, Fig. 3; Müller 1989: 127, figs. 45 – 46 and Nakamura & Child 1988: 815, fig. 2 G – I). In the research region A. batangensis was one of the more frequent species and colonized mainly stands of sea-grass and vegetation of algae. The depth distribution was from the mesolittoral to 13 m. Ovigerous males were collected mainly in the rainy season in months VII – XII. Just 2 specimens (in months I and II each) were found in the dry season. The salient gap in months III – V, during which neither ovigerous males nor females with eggs in their ovaries were found, makes a correlation of the reproductive period with the dry season very probable.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82910FFEB7ADC124B9900FA39.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Pan-tropical. Numerous samples, mostly from the western Atlantic, were recorded. Here the species is reported from Florida to the south, to Colombia and Venezuela (cf. Stock 1986: 403).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291EFFEE7ADC11519F8FFD83.taxon	description	Fig. 48	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291EFFEE7ADC11519F8FFD83.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 1. — 3 males (2 ov.), 2 females (gravid), 4 juv. (ZMA 3364), brown and red algae on rock, mesolittoral, 1. VIII. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid), 12 juv. (MNHN), brown algae on rock, lower mesolittoral, 10. IX. 1985. 20 males (13 ov.), 13 fem. (12 gravid), 50 juv. (SMF 1260), brown algae on rock, lower mesolittoral, 9. X. 1985. 6 males (2 gravid), 1 fem. (gravid), 20 juv. (SMF 1261), from Sargassum on rock, mesolittoral, 18. XI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1262), from Sargassum on rock, mesolittoral, 30. XII. 1985. 5 juv. (SMF 1263), corallinaceans on rock, mesolittoral, 17. II. 1986. 2. — 1 juv. (SMF 1264), corallinaceans on rock, mesolittoral, 9. X. 1985. 8. — 1 male, 2 juv. (ZSM), jetty piles in shade, on Cnidoscyphus, 0 – 1 m, 17. X. 1985. 16. — 4 juv. (SMF 1265), from different stands of algae, mesolittoral, 22. V. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1266), from Sargassum on rocks, mesolittoral, 8. VII. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1267), red and brown algae on rock, mesolittoral, 15. VII. 1985. 1 fem. (SMF 1268), from brown algae, mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986. 17. — 1 juv. (SMF 1269), on Cnidoscyphus, among large rocks, lower mesolittoral, 7. VI. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1270), on Cnidoscyphus, among large rocks, lower mesolittoral, 9. VII. 1985. 3 juv. (SMF 1271), on Cnidoscyphus, among large rocks, lower mesolittoral, 2. X. 1985. 10 juv. (SMF 1272), on Cnidoscyphus, among large rocks, lower mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985. 1 fem., 6 juv. (SMF 1273), algal growth on large boulders, mesolittoral to about. 0.5 m, 7. I. 1986. 20. — 2 males (1 ov.), 2 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1274), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral- 0.5 m, 7. VI. 1985. 1 male (ov.) (USNM), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral- 0.5 m, 9. IX. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1275), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral- 0.5 m, 8. XI. 1985. 1 male, 3 juv. (SMF 1276), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral- 0.5 m, 7. XII. 1985. 5 males (2 ov.), 4 fem. (3 gravid), 12 juv. (SMF 1277), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral- 0.5 m, 5. I. 1986. 6 males (5 ov.), 1 fem., 8 juv. (SMF 1278), same locality, 12. II. 1986. 5 males (3 ov.), 3 fem. (gravid), 3 juv. (ZFMK), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral- 0.5 m, 3. III. 1986. 4 males (2 ov.), 3 fem., 5 juv. (SMF 1279), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral- 0.5 m, 3. IV. 1986. 21. — 2 juv. (SMF 1280), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 27. VI. 1985. 3 juv. (SMF 1281), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 5. VII. 1985. 2 males, 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (INVEMAR), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 9. IX. 1985. 3 juv. (SMF 1282), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985. 10 juv. (SMF 1283), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986. 1 male (ov.), 1 juv. (ZSM), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 3. III. 1986. 5 juv. (SMF 1284), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 3. IV. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291EFFEE7ADC11519F8FFD83.taxon	description	Description of male: Strikingly large. Dorsal trunk outline oval and rather robust, frequently turquoisegreen. Segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers separated by ca. 1 / 2 of their diameter, dorso-distally bearing small roundish tubercles, dorsally with several short and sparsely arranged setae. Ocular process cone-shaped, as high as basal diameter. Eyes oval, large, distinctly pigmented. Abdomen erect, higher than ocular process, three times as long as broad. Proboscis cylindrical, 2.8 times as long as diameter, in its proximal and distal third slightly narrowing, apically broadly rounded. Cheliphores relatively long and slender; scape scarcely longer than proboscis, with sparse short setae; chela barely twice as long as broad, with robust un-toothed and distinctly curved fingers; short setae at base of immovable finger and on movable finger. Oviger relatively slender and 6 - articled; 3 rd article the longest, 1.15 times as long as 2 nd, both bearing some short setae; 5 th and 6 th article together about as long as 4 th, both densely covered with short setae; distal article the smallest, suboval. Legs rather robust, articles without pronounced tubercles, sparsely clad with short setae; coxa 1 and coxa 3 of nearly same length, together slightly shorter than coxa 2; the latter in males ventro-distally on legs 3 – 4 with a relatively long genital process; femur scarcely longer than tibia 1 or tibia 2, all three articles showing a dorso-distal long seta; cement gland ducts situated dorso-medially on proximal half of femur, shaped like a short tubercle, dorso-distally bent, ending in a broad pore. Tarsus as long as broad; propodus strongly bent in its proximal third ‚ with a distinct heel, which bears two robust and four slender spines; sole slightly concave, armed with 10 short and anteriorly directed spines accompanied by one short seta on both sides, and very short distal cutting lamella, (cf. Fig. 48) less than 10 % of sole length, also flanked by one short seta on both faces, main claw robust, feebly curved, not reaching back as far as anterior margin of heel; auxiliary claw very short. Measurements: Length of trunk 1.33; width across 1 st crurigers 0.98; length of abdomen 0.37; length of proboscis 0.30; length of cheliphore scape 0.59; length of chela 0.31. Length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.23; coxa 2 — 0.67; coxa 3 — 0.24; femur 0.95, length of tibia 1, 0.85; length of tibia 2, 0.86; tarsus 0.12; propodus 0.54; terminal claw 0.35; auxiliary claw 0.03. Female: Apart from the sex-specific characters very similar to male. Proboscis directed ventro-laterally, with a pair of conspicuous lobate processes of unknown function. Ovigers present as rudimentary stumps.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291EFFEE7ADC11519F8FFD83.taxon	discussion	Remarks: A. californicus (= A. portus Calman, 1927) is a large species for this genus, most closely related to Anoplodactylus stictus Marcus, 1940 from Brazil (Marcus 1940: 42, plate 6) and the eastern Patagonian bank (Stock 1957 b: 54). Comparing the original description of A. stictus and the figures in Sawaya (1945: 231, plate 23), both species are in habitus very similar, but A. stictus seems to possess a longer cement gland duct, the two distal articles of the ovigers bearing longer setae than in A. californicus. The ventral lobes on the proboscis of A. stictus females are not indented, in contrast to A. californicus. Relationships with Anoplodactylus quadratispinosus Hedgpeth, 1943 are also marked (cf. fig. 59 from Florida and Colombia, but that species may be distinguished at once by its significantly slenderer legs. A. californicus was very frequently collected in the research area where it colonized phaeophycean stands in shallow water almost exclusively. Almost all records come from the intertidal area, but in the literature the species has also been recorded from greater depths (18 m, Child 1982: 373). No restricted reproduction period, ovigerous males were found in all months — except V and XII.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291EFFEE7ADC11519F8FFD83.taxon	distribution	Distribution: One of the most frequent species in the tropical western Atlantic. There are also records from the western coast of America and the European Mediterranean. A review of the distribution is to be found in Child (1987: 554) and Stock (1986: 404, sub A. portus).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291BFFEC7ADC15389848F99B.taxon	description	Fig. 49	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291BFFEC7ADC15389848F99B.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 9. — 1 male, 1 juv. (SMF 1124), coral rubble, 15 m, 1. VII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1125), same locality, 12 m, 29. XI. 1985. 4 juv. (SMF 1126), same locality, 6 – 7 m, 3. XII. 1985. 1 (SMF 1127), same locality, 16 m, 2. I. 1986. 1 male, 1 juv. (ZSM), coral rubble colonized by hdroids and bryozoans, 30 m, 10. II. 1986. 10. — 2 male, 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (ZSM), algal turf on rock, lower mesolittoral, 10. V. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1128), algal turf on rock, lower mesolittoral, 12. V. 1985. 12. — 1 juv. (SMF 1129), coral rubble, 18 m, 2. X. 1985. 14. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1130), coral rubble, 2 m, 2. IX. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1131), coral rubble, 8. XI. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1132), coral rubble, 1.5 – 5 m, 7. I. 1986. 16. — 1 male, 4 fem. (gravid) (ZMA 3357), algal stands on coral blocks, lower mesolittoral, 22. V. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1133), on red and brown algae on coral blocks, mesolittoral, 15. VII. 1985. 17. — 1 fem. (SMF 1134), on Cnidoscyphus among blocks of stones, mesolittoral, 7. VI. 1985. 19. — 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1135), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 27. VI. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1136), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 7. I. 1986. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1137), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 2. IV. 1986. 2 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1138), Thalassia, 5 l of substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 2. V. 1986. 20. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1139), on Sargassum cymosum from coral blocks, 5 l of substratum, 0 – 0.5 m, 8. XI. 1985. 21. — 2 males, 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1140), on Digenia simplex from coral blocks, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 27. VI. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1141), on Digenia simplex from coral blocks, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 13. VIII. 1985. 1 male, 1 juv. (MNHN), on Digenia simplex from coral blocks, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 2. X. 1985. 2 fem. (gravid), 6 juv. (SMF 1142), on Digenia simplex from coral blocks, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985. 2 males (gravid), 2 fem., 11 juv. (SMF 1143), on Digenia simplex from coral blocks, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986. 1 male, 1 fem., 3 juv. (SMF 1144), on Digenia simplex from coral blocks, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 3. III. 1986. 22. — 2 males, 4 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1145), on Halimeda from reef top, lower mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986. 24. — 1 juv. (SMF 1146), Thalassia mingled with corallinacean algae, 2 m, 4. IX. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1147), Thalassia, 1 m, 4. IX. 1985. 2 males (ov.), 5 juv. (ZFMK), Thalassia mingled with corallinacean algae, 1 m, 21. I. 1986. 25. — 2 males (1 ov.), 2 fem. (gravid), 3 juv. (SMF 1148), on Cnidoscyphus, among mangroves, 1 m, 1. XI. 1985. 27. — 1 male, 4 fem. (3 gravid) (SMF 1149), on coral rubble in Thalassia, 1 m, 1. XI. 1985. 28. — 2 males (INVEMAR), under stones, ca. 0.5 m, 4. IV. 1986. 32. — 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1150), from brown algae, mesolittoral, 3. VIII. 1985. 36. — 1 juv. (SMF 1151), coral rubble, 11 – 16 m, 23. IX. 1985. 39. — 1 juv. (SMF 1152), on stones, mesolittoral, 17. III. 1986. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1153), same locality, 14. IV. 1986. 42. — 1 male, 5 juv. (SMF 1154), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986. 43. — 1 male, 3 juv. (SMF 1155), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. 44. — 1 juv. (SMF 1156), Syringodium, 1.5 – 2 m, 25. II. 1986. 45. — 4 males, 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1157), on algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291BFFEC7ADC15389848F99B.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline oval, robust, segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers slightly broader than long, anteriormost three separated by 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of their diameter, crurigers 3 and 4 touching, all crurigers without any tubercles, but with a short dorso-distal seta. Ocular process very low, broadly rounded, with relatively large, distinctly pigmented eyes. Trunk segments 1 and 2 each with a flat conical and apically rounded tubercle in midline near distal suture. Abdomen nearly horizontal, very robust, surpassing 4 th crurigers by less than half of its length. Proboscis cylindrical, very robust, distally obtusely rounded. Cheliphores relatively long and slender, scape 3.5 times as long as diameter, barely longer than proboscis; chela with some short setae and relatively short, strongly curved fingers; cutting edges of both fingers armed with 4 pointed teeth, movable finger in addition with a proximal short seta. Ovigers short and robust, 6 - articled; articles 1 and 2 very robust, about as long as their diameter; articles 3 and 4 the longest, of nearly same length; distal article smallest, oval, 3 / 4 length of fifth, both with few short setae. Legs very robust: coxae 1 – 3 and tibia 2 of similar length, barely longer than their diameter; femur the most robust article, 1.2 times as long as tibia 1; cement gland on dorso-median aspect of femur, close to half length. oval in dorsal view; its aperture slightly higher than femur and craterlike; tarsus produced ventrolaterally to touch the proximal margin of the propodal heel, with a short distal seta; propodus almost straight, with rather long and slender heel, proximally armed with one short and very robust spine and two smaller anterior ones directed distally; sole with 5 small anteriorly curved spines frequently flanked by a short seta; distal cutting lamella relatively short, less than 20 % of sole length, on both sides accompanied by a seta. Main claw robust and strongly curved, its tip reaching back to two anterior-most spines of heel; auxiliary claws absent. Measurements: Length of trunk 0.68; width 0.44 (across 2 nd crurigers); length of abdomen 0.20; length of proboscis 0.38. Length of cheliphore scape 0.26; of chela 0.13. Lengths of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.12; coxa 2 — 0.13; coxa 3 — 0.11; femur 0.29; tibia 1 — 0.26; tibia 2 — 0.11; tarsus 0.11; propodus 0.26; main claw 0.17. Female: Differing from male by the sex specific characters only. Postlarva: Robust, fourth legs as stumps only, close together and without articulations. Total length 0.51.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291BFFEC7ADC15389848F99B.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Anoplodactylus evelinae appears to be related to A. arescus Marcus, 1959 from Brazil and tropical Indo-Pacific, as well as to A. tarsalis Stock, 1968, which is known from the Philippine Islands (Stock 1968 b: 52; Child 1988: 20) and Kenya (Müller 1990: 78) only. All of these species share a compact build with very similar tarsi and propodi. A. evelinae is distinguished from both other species by its broad cement gland pore without a tube-like opening, from A. tarsalis additionally by the un-toothed chela fingers. Stock (1954 a: 128) proposed a subgenus Labidodactylus for this complex of species, which in the opinion of the first author is regarded as slightly premature, given our incomplete knowledge on this speciose genus which is in need of a revision. The species is very frequent in the research area and does not show a distinct habitat preference. Substrata sampled included algae, seagrass meadows, hydroids and coral rubble, they were colonized with equal frequency. The vertical distribution encompassed the entire research range from 0 – 30 m. Even though continually collected, phenology is not clearly interpretable. 5 males only, collected in months I, II and XI were ovigerous, whereas females contained (at least in part) eggs in their ovaria except in the months I, II, VII, X and XII.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8291BFFEC7ADC15389848F99B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Widely distributed in the tropical western Atlantic, from Florida southward to Brazil. From the Pacific coast of Panamá (Child 1979: 53) and the eastern Atlantic (Congo, Fage 1949 a: 27) there are just single records. Stock (1986: 404) lists the regions where the species was sampled.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82919FFD27ADC11399F1AFA76.taxon	description	Fig. 50	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82919FFD27ADC11399F1AFA76.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 14. — 1 male (gravid) (SMF 1525), coral rubble, 1.5 – 5 m, 7. I. 1986. 21. — 4 males (2 ov.), 3 fem. (SMF 1526), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985. 22. — 1 male (ov.) (ZMA 3358) (ZMA 3358), from Halimeda on reef top, mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986. 24. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1527), Thalassia with corallinaceans and Cnidoscyphus, 1 – 2 m, 9. VIII. 1985. 37. — 1 male (ov.) (MNHN), on algae, hydroids and detritus, 6 m, 4. VI. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82919FFD27ADC11399F1AFA76.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline oval, rather robust; segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers 1 – 3 bearing dorsodistally feebly developed tubercles; all crurigers with 1 or 2 short dorso-distal setae; crurigers slightly longer than their diameter, anterior three separated by 1 / 2 of their diameter, the third separated from the fourth by 1 / 3 of their diameter. Ocular process three times higher than its diameter, anteriorly inclined, with large distinctly pigmented eyes; distal part of ocular process narrowing to a lappet; abdomen of similar length to ocular process, erect or slightly inclined to the rear, 4 short apical setae. Proboscis robust, distinctly curved and apically broadly rounded. Scape of cheliphores slender, somewhat longer than proboscis; chela slender, its fingers strongly curved; cutting edge of immovable and moveable fingers armed with 3 (usually) and 4 pointed teeth respectively. Oviger 6 - articled, relatively robust; 3 rd article the longest, 1.2 times as long as 2 nd; 4 th article of combined length of 5 th and 6 th; articles 5 and 6 with sparsely distributed setae distally directed; distal article slender, conical, apically pointed. Legs moderately robust, feebly setose; but femur and tibiae each with a long dorso-distal seta; coxae 1 and 3 subequal in length, about as long as their diameter, 2 / 3 of length of coxa 2; femur longest and most robust article, with dorso-median row of 2 – 5 cement gland ducts shaped like a capsule in its proximal half; tibiae 1 and 2 of equal length; tarsus as long as broad, with 5 ventro-distal setae; propodus with well developed heel, distally with two robust and one slender spine, as well some setae; sole almost straight, usually with 3 small, anteriorly-curved proximal spines; on distal 2 / 3 of sole with long cutting lamella, with adjacent setae on both sides; main claw robust, feebly curved, extending over proximal spines of sole but not reaching to heel; auxiliaries 1 / 8 length of terminal claw. Colouration of most specimens pale green. Measurements: Trunk length 0.78; trunk width 0.55 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.23; length of cheliphore scape 0.25; length of chela 0.14; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.18; coxa 2 — 0.32; coxa 3 — 0.19; femur 0.56; tibia 1, 0.43; tibia 2, 0.43; tarsus 0.07; propodus 0.36; main claw 0.24; auxiliary claw 0.04. Female: Apart from sex-specific characters in habitus like male. The shorter propodal cutting lamella noted by Child (1979: 58, Fig. 19) on females from Panamá could not be found on Colombian material. The development of this lamella in females conformed exactly with that of males.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82919FFD27ADC11399F1AFA76.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Anoplodactylus glandulifer STOCK, 1954 from the tropical Indo-Pacific and A. multiclavus Child, 1977 from the Caribbean were regarded as very closely related species. All characters used by Child (1977 b: 593) to differentiate multiclavus from Stock’s species proved to be variable and found in glandulifer, too, so it is now considered a junior synonym of glandulifer. The number of cement gland ducts in the holotype of glandulifer from Singapore varied on different legs between 2 – 4. Examination of further material from Kenya and Colombia by the first author found a variability between 2 – 5 ducts. Contrary to the remark in the original description of glandulifer, the anterior 3 trunk segments in the holotype are clearly separated. In the recent database by Bamber & El Nagar (2007) (http: // www. marinespecies. org / pycnobase / aphia. php? p = taxlist) the two species have already been synonymized. The species is possibly related to Anoplodactylus bourboni Müller, 1990 from La Réunion in the tropical southern Indian Ocean. The habitus in both species is similar, but the proboscis of A. bourboni is significantly longer. The strongly curved chela fingers in A. bourboni are untoothed. The cement gland ducts on femur consist of 7 dorso-median cup-like structures, differing characteristically from those found in A. glandulifer. The propodal sole in A. bourboni has 7 spines, and as a consequence the distal lamella is short (cf. Müller 1990 e: 98, Figs. 1 – 6). In the research area A. glandulifer was found sporadically, without any pronounced preference of substratum or a distinct reproduction period. The vertical distribution ranges from the intertidal zone to 6 m. Data in the literature clearly indicate that the species is restricted to the uppermost shallow water region.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82919FFD27ADC11399F1AFA76.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tropical Indo-Pacific and Caribbean. In the Caribbean the species was known form the U. S. Virgin Islands (Child 1977 b: 593), the Atlantic coast of Panamá and Mexico (Child 1979: 58), Belize (Child 1982: 372) and St. Vincent (Stock 1986: 399).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82927FFD07ADC110A9ED2FB4F.taxon	description	Figs. 51 – 52	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82927FFD07ADC110A9ED2FB4F.taxon	materials_examined	Material: Holotype: 42. — Male (SMF 1158), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986. Paratypes: 1 male without legs, 1 fem. (SMF 1159), together with holotype.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82927FFD07ADC110A9ED2FB4F.taxon	etymology	Etymology: After the type locality, Bahía Guachaquita in Tayrona National Park.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82927FFD07ADC110A9ED2FB4F.taxon	description	Description of male holotype: Trunk rather robust, in dorsal view oval, segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers separated by about 1 / 2 of their diameter, with lappet-shaped dorso-median tubercles and 1 – 2 short setae. Ocular process coniform with a short distal tip and distinctly pigmented eyes. Abdomen erect, higher than ocular process, distally with 4 short setae. Proboscis robust, cylindrical, 2.5 times as long as diameter. Cheliphore slender; scape with scattered short setae, barely longer than proboscis; chela slender, with slender, moderately curved and untoothed fingers; 2 short setae at base of immovable finger and on basal half of movable finger. Oviger 6 - articled, slender except for proximal two; third article by far the longest, 1.4 times as long as first and second together; 4 th article almost double length of fifth and sixth together; terminal article oval, armed with 3 setae directed proximally; fifth article with about 9 setae which are also curved proximally. Legs moderately robust and with scattered setae; coxae 1 of all legs with 2 paired dorso-lateral tubercles, each with distal seta, the distal tubercle larger; coxa 2 longer than coxae 1 or 3, on leg 3 and 4 with a slender ventro-distal genital process; coxa 3 slightly longer than coxa 1; femur the longest and most robust article, dorso-distally with an oval tubercle with a slender spine on top, this tubercle is accompanied on both sides by a tiny tubercle with a seta on top; cement gland duct in dorsomedian position on proximal half of femur, robust, distally smoothly rising and ending in relatively broad pore; tibae 1 and 2 of equal length, slightly more setose than femur, with a longer dorso-distal seta, on tibia 2 slightly more proximally positioned; tarsus as long as broad, with 6 ventral setae; propodus rather slender, bearing two robust and 3 more slender spines on distinct heel; sole nearly straight, 6 spines curved distally and some short setae; distal cutting lamella of ca. 1 / 7 propodus length; terminal claw robust and feebly curved, its tip reaching to proximal spine on sole; auxiliary claw extremely small, 1 / 7 length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 1.15; width 0.78 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.27; length of proboscis 0.46, length of cheliphore scape 0.43; length of chela 0.18. Lengths of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.18; coxa 2 — 0.45; coxa 3 — 0.24; femur 0.78; tibia 1, 0.73; tibia 2, 0.73; tarsus 0.09; propodus 0.38; main claw 0.23; auxiliary claw 0.03. Female: The single female specimen of 0.76 total length is much smaller than male. Humps on coxa 1 of legs not developed; femur enlarged to hold ova; tibia 1 slightly longer than tibia 2; sole of propodus without spines, with a long cutting lamella, flanked on both sides with several setae.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82927FFD07ADC110A9ED2FB4F.taxon	discussion	Remarks: A. guachaquitae n. sp. and A. reimerae Child, 1979 from the Pacific coast of Panamá are sibling species. We presume that the speciation happened through isolation after the rise of the Panamanian ishthmus in Pliocene. A. reimerae is distinct from the new species by a combination of the following characters: ocular process nearly conical, without a constricted tip; chela distinctly more setose; distal article of oviger more robust; of the dorsal tubercles on coxae 1 the distal one shorter than in A. guachaquitae; cement gland ducts clearly different, originating obliquely on the femur, its anterior margin not dorsally bent (compare Fig. 51 with Child 1979: 59, Fig. 20).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82927FFD07ADC110A9ED2FB4F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82924FFD67ADC17C89ED4FEC1.taxon	description	Fig. 53	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82924FFD67ADC17C89ED4FEC1.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 0. — 3 males, 3 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1161). 8. — 2 fem. (1 gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1162), jetty piles exposed to light, on poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1163), shaded jetty piles, same locality, 18. V. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1164), same locality, 19. V. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 juv. (ZFMK), same locality, on detritus, poriferans and bryozoans, 5 – 7 m, 27. V. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1165), same locality, on hydroids and bryozoans, 1 – 3 m, 17. VI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1166), jetty piles exposed to light, from detritus, hydroids and bryozoans, 21. VI. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 juv. (ZMA 3360), same locality, from detritus and Cnidoscyphus, 0 – 1 m, 31. VIII. 1985. 1 fem., 8 juv. (SMF 1167), same locality, from detritus, hydroids and bryozoans, 0.5 – 6 m, 3. IX. 1985. 3 males, 2 fem. (gravid), 6 juv. (INVEMAR), shaded jetty piles, on Cnidoscyphus, 0 – 1 m, 17. X. 1985. 3 males (ov.), 2 fem., 10 juv. (ZSM), same locality, 0 – 1 m, 24. XI. 1985. 2 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (MNHN), same locality, on poriferans, hydroids and bryozoans, 0 – 1 m, 17. XII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1168), same locality, on poriferans and hydroids, 0 – 1 m, 14. III. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82924FFD67ADC17C89ED4FEC1.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline a long oval, all segments separate; l crurigers separated by twice their diameter, about 1.5 times times as long as diameter, no tubercles, dorso-distally with 2 – 3 short setae. Ocular process twice height of diameter, eyes distinctly pigmented. Abdomen about 1.7 times as long as ocular process, nearly erect or directed obliquely backwards, most often bearing 4 short distal setae. Proboscis a prolonged cylinder, distally bluntly rounded. Cheliphore rather long and slender, with some scattered setae; scape barely longer than tip of proboscis; chela slender, fingers moderately curved and toothless; exterior edge of movable finger with about 5 setae. Oviger 6 - articled, very slender; 3 rd article by far the longest, 2.2 times as long as 2 nd; 4 th article as long as 5 th and 6 th together; both distal articles with several setae, which are directed proximally, these setae longer on exterior edge of 5 th article; 6 th article the shortest, oval, measuring only 2 / 5 lengthe of 5 th. Legs slender and sparsely setose; coxa 1 postero-laterally with a setose tubercle as long as half diameter of article; coxa 1 antero-laterally with 1 – 2 short setae only; coxa 2 2.7 times as long as coxa 1 and twice as long as coxa 3; coxa 2 on legs 3 and 4 with slender ventro-distal genital process; femur longest article, with slender setose dorso-distal process flanked laterally by shorter process bearing single seta; dorso-median cement gland duct on femur, short and protruding as broad tube, its distal margin enlarged; tibia 1 measuring 9 / 10 of femur length, with similar, slightly shorter, dorsodistal processes; tibia 2 with a small subdistal tubercle with one seta; tarsus as long as broad, with 5 short ventral setae; propodus feebly curved with distinct heel bearing one robust and 5 more slender spines; sole with 7 small spines atop small mounds and curve proximally; distal lamella very short, 1 / 11 of propodus length; terminal claw slender, feebly curved, its tip reaching spines on anterior margin of heel; auxuliary claw narrow — 1 / 7 length of main claw. Measurements: Length of trunk 2.2; width 1.02 (across 1 st crurigers); length of abdomen 0.48; length of proboscis 0.91; length of cheliphore scape 0.62; length of chela 0.43; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.27; coxa 2 — 0.74; coxa 3 — 0.37; length of femur 1.54; length of tibia 1, 1.41; length of tibia 2, 1.54; tarsus 0.14; propodus 0.61; main claw 0.40; auxiliary claw 0.04. Female: In habitus very close to males other than lack of ovigers, cement gland ducts and genital process.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82924FFD67ADC17C89ED4FEC1.taxon	discussion	Remarks: A. insigniformis is most closely related to Anoplodactylus massiliformis Stock, 1975, which also has a western Atlantic distribution. The latter species differs by having more-widely-separated crurigers and significantly more slender chela fingers. In the Santa Marta region this species was found exclusively in detritus and epiphytes on jetty piles in the port. A series without data which was donated to Müller is most probably also from this locality: in the past many samples have been collected on the jetty; also the senior author collected it nowhere else in the entire research region other than on these piles. A. insigniformis showed no preference for shaded sides of the pillares or those exposed to sunlight, the depth distribution ranged from 0 – 7 m. The data in the literature about substratum preference lack detail, but piles and buoys are commonly mentioned (Stock 1975 a: 1058; 1979: 15).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82924FFD67ADC17C89ED4FEC1.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Caribbean coast of Panamá; Jamaica, Aruba and Curaçao (Stock 1975), Venezuela (Stock (1979), as well as Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82923FFD47ADC11889FF5FE6A.taxon	description	Fig. 54	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82923FFD47ADC11889FF5FE6A.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 22. — 11 gynandromorphs (4 ov.), deposited in collections as follows: 8 (2 ov.) (SMF 1528), 1 (ov.) (ZFMK); 1 (ov.) (ZSM); 1 (ov.) (ZMA 3356); reef top, on Halimeda, mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82923FFD47ADC11889FF5FE6A.taxon	description	Description of gynandromorph: Dorsal trunk outline a long oval, rather robust, segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers without any tubercles or setae, broader than long, separated by about 1 / 2 of their diameter. Ocular process flat, broadly rounded, eyes distinctly pigmented; pair of flat conical tubercles on posterior margin of ocular process, with apical pore of unknown function. Abdomen twice as high as diameter, directed obliquely backwards, distally broadly rounded. Proboscis nearly cylindrical, distally slightly broader, bluntly rounded. Cheliphore slender, scape barely longer than proboscis; chelae small and relatively slender; fingers distinctly curved, cutting edges each with 4 teeth. Oviger relatively robust; 3 rd article the longest, 1.6 times as long as 4 th; 5 th and 6 th articles together shorter than 4 th; terminal article narrowest, long, oval, with 2 short proximally-directed spines. Legs robust, sparsely setose; coxa 1 4 / 5 length of coxa 3; coxa 2 the longest coxa, 1.7 times as long as coxa 1; femur the most robust and longest article, like the tibiae with long dorso-distal pinnate seta; slender conical cement gland duct inserted dorso-medially near end of proximal half of femur; tibiae of nearly equal length; tarsus as long as broad, ventrally with 3 short setae and one slender spine; propodus almost straight, 2 – 3 robust spines on feebly developed heel; sole with slender proximal spine and long lamella almost 1 / 3 of total length of propodus; main claw very robust and distinctly curved, its tip reaching to the proximal spine of sole; auxiliary claw feebly curved, 1 / 5 length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 0.73; width 0.39 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.19; length of proboscis 0.35; length of cheliphore scape 0.26; length of chela 0.15; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.11; coxa 2 — 0.19; coxa 3 — 0.14; femur 0.42; tibia 1 — 0.38; tibia 2 — 0.39; tarsus 0.05; propodus 0.28; main claw 0.18; auxiliary claw 0.03.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82923FFD47ADC11889FF5FE6A.taxon	discussion	Remarks: All specimens from the Santa Marta region proved to be hermaphrodites with only poorly developed cement gland ducts. Child (1979: 56) found predominantly normally developed male and female specimens on the Caribbean coast of Panamá. The percentage of hermaphrodites there amounted to only 6 %. Two more specimens from Belize (Child 1982: 371) were normally developed males. A. jonesi seems to be a facultative hermaphrodite. The relationships of this very characteristic species remain totally obscure. Most records of A. jonesi indicate a preference for algae as substratum. The depth distribution ranges from the surf zone down to about 100 m.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82923FFD47ADC11889FF5FE6A.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Bonaire (Stock 1975 a: 1081), Florida (Child 1974: 434), Caribbean coast of Panamá (Child 1979: 56), Belize (Child 1982: 371) 1) and Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82921FFD47ADC15649D08FCF7.taxon	discussion	Remarks: A rather frequent species in the lower sublittoral, in depths between ca. 20 and 600 m. The only record from the Caribbean coast of Colombia is in Stock (1986: 439).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82921FFD47ADC15649D08FCF7.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tropical and temperate western Atlantic, from Massachusetts (U. S. A.) to Colombia and Venezuela.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82921FFDA7ADC148B9F97FB91.taxon	description	Fig. 55	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82921FFDA7ADC148B9F97FB91.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 5. — 6 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid), deposited as follows: 4 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1160); 1 male (ZFMK); 1 fem. (ZSM); coral rubble, 30 m, 18. II. 1986. 12. — 1 male (ZMA 3361), coral rubble, 17 – 20 m, 7. XII. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82921FFDA7ADC148B9F97FB91.taxon	description	Description of male: Very small, moderately robust species, dorsal outline oval. Segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers 1 – 3 bear a short dorsodistal tubercle with distal seta; the crurigers separated by less than their own diameter. Ocular process as high as diameter, a short tip, eyes distinctly pigmented. Abdomen slender, directed obliquely backwards, slightly higher than ocular process, bearing two short distal setae. Proboscis cylindrical, feebly down-curved; distally somewhat enlarged and bluntly rounded. Cheliphores moderately robust; scape with a dorsodistal seta, distinctly longer than proboscis; chela rather slender, fingers distinctly curved; cutting edge of immovable finger with 2 pointed teeth, 2 setae on base; cutting edge of movable finger with 3 pointed teeth, one seta on external face. Oviger relatively slender, 6 - articled; 3 rd article the longest, 1.4 times as long as 2 nd; 4 th article as long as 5 th and 6 th together; 5 th article with several setae directed proximally; distal article smallest, conical, with 2 proximally-directed setae. Legs moderately robust and sparsely setose; coxa 1 as long as coxa 3, dorso-laterally with pair of small tubercles each with one seta; coxa 2 1.8 times as long as coxa 1 and coxa 2, with short round ventro-distal genital process on legs 3 and 4; femur and tibiae each with long dorso-distal seta, that on tibia 2 slightly more proximal and on flat tubercle. Femur the longest article, bearing dorso-medial conical cement gland duct at mid-length; tibia 1 just longer than tibia 2; tarsus as long as broad, with 3 slender ventral spines; propodus slender and distinctly curved; strong heel with two robust distal spines and with slender spine on anterior face; sole with small and distally-curved spine on a flat tubercle in proximal third; lamella covering 2 / 3 of sole and flanked by 2 short setae on each side; main claw robust and feebly curved, its tip reaches to the tip of the spine on anterior margin of heel; auxiliary claw feebly curved, 1 / 8 length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 0.61; width 0.37 (across 1 st crurigers); length of abdomen 0.17; length of proboscis 0.26; length of cheliphore scape 0.15; length of chela 0.11. Length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.10; coxa 2 — 0.18; coxa 3 — 0.18; femur 0.34; tibia 1 — 0.30; tibia 2 — 0.28; tarsus 0.05; propodus 0.24; main claw 0.16; auxiliary claw 0.02. Female: Similar to male apart from lack of ovigers and cement gland ducts. Leg articles more robust, especially femur; dorso-distal setae on femur and tibia much shorter; sole of propodus without (!) lamella, but with 3 short spines curved distally; heel more slender, distally with one robust spine; auxiliary claws absent.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82921FFDA7ADC148B9F97FB91.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The Colombian material corresponds essentially with the description of Anoplodactylus micros Bourdillon, 1955 from Martinique. Regrettably Bourdillon's description lacks some details, the type material was not available for comparison (originally deposited in the collection of Station marine d'Endoume, Marseille). Stock (1979: 26) provisionally identified a male from Curaçao as A. micros. A re-examination of that specimen showed that it was still immature and not confidently identifiable. There is also considerable doubt about a specimen from Australia, which was classified as A. micros by Stock (1973 a: 124). This animal has no distinct teeth on the chela fingers, and the proboscis and the dorsal setae on femur and tibia are considerably shorter than in the original description. The only remarkable difference between the material from the Santa Marta region and Bourdillon's description is the presence of small dorso-distal tubercles on the crurigers 1 – 3, which is however an easily-missed character, and it is variable with other species in this large genus. Anoplodactylus micros belongs to a complex of very small and in habitus very similar species, which possess a long dorsodistal seta at least on all tibiae and a long cutting sole lamella. This complex includes Anoplodactylus trispinosus Stock, 1951 from the western Atlantic, A. minutissimus Stock, 1954 from Singapore and A. turbidus Stock, 1975 from the Red Sea, Ethiopia and Madagascar. A. micros is distinguished from A. trispinosus by the toothed chela finger and a shorter cement gland duct, from A. turbidus by a proboscis which bears no ventral setae and a distinctly shorter cement gland duct. A. micros and A. minutissimus both have a similarly-shaped cement gland duct. The trunk segments are all fused in the latter species, the proboscis of A. minutissimus is apparently slenderer than in A, micros. This species has a conical tubercle between origin of proboscis and ovigers, which is absent in A. micros.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82921FFDA7ADC148B9F97FB91.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Martinique and Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292FFFD87ADC13299982F9C1.taxon	description	Fig. 56	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292FFFD87ADC13299982F9C1.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 4. — 1 male, 1 fem., 2 juv. (ZFMK), algal stands on rock, mesolittoral, 24. V. 1985. 8. — 1 male (MNHN), poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 9. — 2 juv. (SMF 1318), under stones, 0 - 0.5 m, 31. XII. 1985. 10. — 1 fem. (SMF 1313), algal stands on rock, lower mesolittoral, 7. V. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1308), same locality, 10. V. 1985. 1 male, 2 juv. (INVEMAR), algal stands on rock, lower mesolittoral, 12. V. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1297), Sargassum on rock, mesolittoral, 31. VIII. 1985. 12. — 1 male (ZSM), on hydroids and octocorallians, 16 – 18 m, 16. IX. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1298), coral rubble, 16 – 18 m, 16. IX. 1985. 1 male, 2 fem. (ZMA 3362), coral rubble, 18 m, 2. X. 1985. 15. — 1 male (SMF 1312), algal stands on rock, 5 – 7 m, 22. V. 1985. 16. — 8 males (3 ov.), 3 fem. (2 gravid), 5 juv. (SMF 1295), algal stands on rock, mesolittoral, 22. V. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1300), red and brown algae on rock, mesolittoral, 15. VII. 1985. 1 male (ov.) (USNM), brown algae, mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986. 17. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1309), on Cnidoscyphus among stone blocks, lower mesolittoral, 27. VI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1316), same locality, 15. VII. 1985. 19. — 1 fem. (SMF 1319), Thalassia, 5 l Substrat, 0.5 – 4 m, 8. XI. 1985. 1 male, 1 juv. (SMF 1314), same locality, 3. III. 1986. 20. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1304), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral- 0.5 m, 3. III. 1986. 21. — 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1306), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 27. VI. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1296), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 8. VII. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 2 fem. (gravid), 4 juv. (SMF 1302), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1310), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986. 1 male (SMF 1320), on Digenia simplex, 5 l of substratum, mesolittoral, 3. III. 1986. 24. — 1 male (ZSM), Thalassia, 0.51 m, 8. IX. 1985. 27. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1305), coral rubble, 7 – 8 m, 27. IX. 1985. 28. — 1 fem. (SMF 1315), under stones, 0.5 m, 4. IV. 1986. 31. — 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1301), from brown and red algae on rock, mesolittoral, 9. IV. 1986. 32. — 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1307), from brown algae, mesolittoral, 3. VIII. 1985. 33. — 1 male (SMF 1311), Thalassia, 0 – 1 m, 5. VIII. 1985. 34. — 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1321), under stones, 0.5 m, 10. IV. 1986. 37. — 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1317), from detritus, algae and hydroids, 6 m, 4. VI. 1985. 39. — 2 males (1 ov.), 3 fem. (1 gravid), 6 juv. (SMF 1303), from algae growing on rock, mesolittoral, 27. V. 1985. 45. — 2 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (SMF 1299), from algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292FFFD87ADC13299982F9C1.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk robust, oval in dorsal outline, segments 3 and 4 fused or indistinctly separated. Crurigers as long as broad, separated by 1 / 4 – 1 / 5 of their diameter, without any tubercles, each with a short dorsal seta. Ocular process lower than basal diameter, broadly rounded. Eyes large and darkly pigmented. Abdomen short, directed obliquely backwards, about conical with a rounded tip, distally bearing 3 – 4 short setae. Probosics very robust, cylindrical, proximally slightly curved and distally obtuse. Cheliphores moderately robust, scape distinctly longer than proboscis; chela with distinctly curved fingers, each cutting edge with 3 pointed teeth. Oviger 5 - articled; 3 rd article the longest, 1.7 times as long as 2 nd; terminal article barely shorter than fifth, with about 9 short spines which are directed proximally. Legs robust, sparsely setose; coxa 1 of almost same length as coxa 3, lacking tubercles; coxa 2 the longest coxal article, 1.4 times as long as coxa 1; femur the longest and most robust article; cement gland duct with a long oval pore, in dorso-median line near end of proximal half of femur length, sunken slightly in its dorsal suface; tibia 1 is 1.3 times as long as tibia 2; tarsus as long as broad; propodus feebly curved, with a flat heel armed with 2 robust and 2 slender spines; sole with 6 short spines curved distalwards, flanked by 5 short setae on both sides; no propodal lamella; main claw robust and feebly curved, its tip not reaching slender spines on distal margin of heel; auxiliary claw 1 / 8 length of main claw. Legs from coxa 2 to tibia 2 frequently greenish, rest of animal yellowish-white; distal half of proboscis often tinged with brownish. Measurements: Trunk length 0.59; width 0.45 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.18; length of proboscis 0.31; length of cheliphore scape 0.23; length of chela 0.15; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.13; coxa 2 — 0.18; coxa 3 — 0.14; femur 0.40; tibia 1, 0.37, tibia 2, 0.28; tarsus 0.08; propodus 0.31; main claw 0.20; auxiliary claw 0.02. Female: like male other than the sex-specific characters. Postlarva: Legs 4 just stumps, without articulation, shorter than abdomen. Total length 0.35.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292FFFD87ADC13299982F9C1.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Anoplodactylus monotrema is closely related to Anoplodactylus robustus (Dohrn, 1881) from the eastern Atlantic and the European Mediterranean and to Anoplodactylus virescens (Hodge, 1864) from the same region. For a long time A. monotrema was confounded with A. robustus. Stock (1979: 15) recognized that material from the American east coast represented a full species. While in A. robustus all trunk segments are fused and the first coxae bear small dorso-distal tubercles, the first coxae in A. monotrema are always plain, only segments 3 and 4 fused. In A. robustus the male femur bears 3 – 6 cement gland pores, whereas in A. monotrema there is only a single larger, long oval cement gland opening. Another difference is that the cutting edges of the chela fingers are untoothed in robustus. A. virescens is differentiated from A. monotrema by untoothed chela fingers and the possession of 3 – 6 cement gland pores on each femur. The species is frequent in the Santa Marta region and does not prefer any substratum, having been collected on all substrata defined in the introduction. It was found most often from the uppermost shallow waters to a maximal depth of 18 m. Only 7 ovigerous males were taken in the months I, V and VI, females bore eggs in their ovaries in months III, V – IX and XI.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292FFFD87ADC13299982F9C1.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Numerous records in the western Atlantic from Florida southwards to Brazil; a compilation of distribution regions is given in Stock (1986: 404). The species was not recorded from Colombia previously.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292DFFDF7ADC11FA98F1FD0D.taxon	description	Fig. 57	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292DFFDF7ADC11FA98F1FD0D.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 4. — 1 male, 2 juv. (SMF 1342), coral rubble, 18 m, 9. X. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1335), coral rubble, 30 m, 10. III. 1985. 5. — 3 males, 2 fem., 42 juv. (SMF 1353), coral rubble, 18. II. 1986. 8. — 1 male (SMF 1346), on hydroids from shaded jetty piles, 0 – 2 m, 1. II. 1986. 9. — 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid), 1 juv. (ZFMK), coral rubble, 13 m, 3. VI. 1985. 2 juv. (SMF 1354), coral rubble, 12 m, 29. XI. 1985. 1 male, 1 juv. (SMF 1333), hydroids on coral rubble, 22 – 27 m, 1. XII. 1985. 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1343), coral rubble, 12 – 15 m, 15. XII. 1985. 2 males, 4 juv. (SMF 1338), coral rubble, 22 m, 17. XII. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1345), coral rubble, 16 m, 2. I. 1986. 2 males, 1 juv. (SMF 1330), coral rubble, 20 – 22 m, 26. I. 1986. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1352), under stone blocks, 1 – 2 m, 4. II. 1986. 3 males, 2 fem., 4 juv. (ZMA 3363), coral rubble with hydroids and bryozoan upgrowth, 30 m, 10. II. 1986. 2 juv. (SMF 1340), coral rubble, 5 – 6 m, 14. III. 1986. 10. — 1 male (ZSM), Sargassum on rocks, mesolittoral, 3. VII. 1985. 11. — 1 juv. (SMF 1324), coral rubble, 15 m, 2. VIII. 1985. 12. — 1 fem., 3 juv. (SMF 1355), coral rubble, 17 – 19 m, 9. I. 1986. 14. — 1 male (MNHN), coral rubble, 2 m, 2. IX. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1341), coral rubble, 1.5 – 5 m, 7. I. 1986. 15. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1349), algal stands on rock, 5 – 7 m, 22. V. 1985. 19. — 5 males (2 ov.), 2 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1322), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 27. VI. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1332), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 8. VIII. 1985. 2 males, 1 juv. (SMF 1350), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 13. VIII. 1985. 1 fem., 2 juv. (SMF 1328), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 2. X. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1334), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 8. XI. 1985. 1 male, 1 juv. (SMF 1331), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 7. XII. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1337), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 7. I. 1986. 6 juv. (SMF 1336), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 12. II. 1986. 1 male, 1 fem., 2 juv. (USNM), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 2. IV. 1986. 2 juv. (SMF 1325), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 2. V. 1986. 24. — 1 male, 4 juv. (SMF 1339), Thalassia with corallinaceans, 2 m, 4. IX. 1985. 2 males (ov.), 1 juv. (INVEMAR), Thalassia, 0.5 – 1 m, 8. IX. 1985. 1 male, 3 juv. (SMF 1326), Thalassia with corallinaceans, 1 m, 21. I. 1986. 25. — 2 males, 1 juv. (SMF 1329), on Cnidoscyphus among mangroves, 1 m, 1. XI. 1985. 27. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1348), coral rubble, 15 – 18 m, 20. IX. 1985. 2 males (1 ov.), 1 fem., 3 juv. (MNHN), coral rubble in Thalassia, 1 m, 1. XI. 1985. 29. — 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1327), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 21. I. 1986. 33. — 1 juv. (SMF 1323), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 20. XII. 1985. 36. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1356), coral rubble, 11 – 16 m, 23. IX. 1985. 37. — 1 male, 1 juv. (ZSM), from detritus, algae and hydroids, 6 m, 4. VI. 1985. 39. — 1 juv. (SMF 1347), on stones, mesolittoral, 17. III. 1986. 43. — 5 males (4 ov.), 4 fem. (2 gravid), 5 juv. (SMF 1344), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. 45. — 1 male (SMF 1351), on algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292DFFDF7ADC11FA98F1FD0D.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline a long oval, slender, segments 3 and 4 fused. Crurigers separated by about 1.5 of their diameter, barely longer than their diameter, without any tubercles, but a dorsodistal seta. Ocular process small, twice higher than basal diameter, distally rounded. Eyes small and distinctly pigmented. Abdomen slender, nearly upright, three times higher than low ocular process. Proboscis cylindrical, midpart somewhat enlarged and distally blunt. Cheliphores long and very slender, with few setae; scape reaching to tip of proboscis; chela slender, fingers distinctly curved; cutting edges of both fingers with 2 – 5 pointed teeth; movable finger with a seta on external margin. Oviger 6 - articled, rather slender; 3 rd article the longest, 1.2 times as long as 1 st and 2 nd together; 4 th article as long as 5 th plus 6 th, slightly curved and with 3 setae on external margin; terminal article a long oval, just shorter than 5 th, both with about 5 short setae directed proximally. Legs slender, sparsely setose; coxa 1 without tubercles, dorso-distally as a rule with 4 short setae, just shorter than coxa 3; coxa 2 1.6 times as long as coxa 1; femur as long as tibia 1, both articles bearing a small dorso-distal tubercle, with long and slender apical seta; cement gland opening on femur broadly oval, raised slightly above femur, situated in the dorso-median line at the end of proximal half of article; tibia 2 just longer than tibia 1, the dorso-distal tubercle situated slightly subdistal, armed with a long seta; tarsus as long as broad; propodus slender and barely curved; heel poorly developed, with two robust spines, the posterior spine multiply serrated and comb-like; sole with about 10 short spines curved distally, lamella very short; propodus with long dorsodistal seta; main claw relatively slender and barely curved, its tip reaching to the serrated spine of heel; no auxiliary claws. All specimens coloured yellowish; intestine most often greenish, rarely yellowish or a light violet. Measurements: Length of trunk 1.47; width 0.92 (across 1 s t crurigers); length of abdomen 0.44); length of proboscis 0.52. Length of cheliphore scape 0.47; length of chela 0.35. Length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.26; coxa 2 — 0.41; coxa 3 — 0.29; femur 1.0, tibia 1, 1.0; tibia 2, 0.87; tarsus 0.12; propodus 0.62; main claw 0.43. Female: like male except for the sex-specific characters, often slightly larger. Postlarva: Proboscis much more robust than in adults. Leg 4 a mere stump without traces of articulation. Abdomen very short, distally broadly rounded.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292DFFDF7ADC11FA98F1FD0D.taxon	discussion	Remarks: In the Atlantic A. pectinus cannot be confounded with any other species owing to the serrated spine on the heel of its propodus which provided its specific epithet. In the Indo-Pacific several species like Anoplodactylus tenuicorpus CHILD, 1991, A. exaggeratus Stock, 1994, A. perissoporus Arango & Krapp, 2007 and A. erythraeus Bartolino & Krapp (2007) also possess this serrated heel spine, but they are much more attenuated (cf. Arango & Krapp 2007 and Bartolino & Krapp 2007). A. pectinus was a very frequent species in the Santa Marta region, but no distinct substrate preference was apparent, as it was found on almost all substrata where collected, only being scarce on algal stands. Depth distribution encompassed the entire sampling range from 0 – 30 m. Ovigerous males were found in months II, VI, IX, and XI, in both the rainy and the dry season.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292DFFDF7ADC11FA98F1FD0D.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Pantropical, but most frequently from the western Atlantic (comp. Child 1982: 372; Nakamura & Child 1988: 662). The species was not recorded previously on Colombian coasts.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292AFFDD7ADC158A9DC7FD0F.taxon	description	Fig. 58	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292AFFDD7ADC158A9DC7FD0F.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 9. — 1 male (ov.) (SMF 1170), coral rubble, 13 m, 3. VI. 1985. 1 male (INVEMAR), coral rubble, 12 m, 29. XI. 1985. 1 male (ZSM), coral rubble, 12 – 15 m, 15. XII. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1171), coral rubble, 22 m, 17. XII. 1985. 1 male (SMF 1172), coral rubble, 20 – 22 m, 26. I. 1986. 1 male (ov.) (ZFMK), under blocks of stone, 1 – 2 m, 4. II. 1986. 1 fem. (SMF 1173), coral rubble, 5 – 6 m, 14. III. 1986. 12. — 1 male (ZMA 3359), coral rubble, 17 – 19 m, 9. I. 1986. 13. — 1 male, 1 juv. (SMF 1174), coral rubble, 21 m, 8. XI. 1985. 14. — 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (SMF 1175), 1.5 – 5 m, 7. I. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292AFFDD7ADC158A9DC7FD0F.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline oval, rather slender, all segments fused. All crurigers bearing a dorso-distal stumpy tubercle, which is variably developed. Ocular process twice higher than basal diameter, eyes distinctly pigmented. Abdomen almost twice higher than ocular process, slender, directed obliquely backwards, usually bearing 2 short distal setae. Proboscis relatively slender, cylindrical, parallel-sided over almost entire length, obtusely ending. Cheliphore slender, scape longer than proboscis; chela slender, cutting edges toothless; movable finger on inner as well as on outer face with a seta. Ovigers slender; 3 rd article the longest, 1 / 3 longer than first and second together; fourth article 1.2 times as long as fifth and sixth together; terminal article the shortest, distally obtusely rounded, last two articles with 5 short setae on inner face directed proximally. Legs slender and sparsely setose; coxa 1 just shorter than coxa 3, with flat dorso-distal tubercle; coxa 2 twice length of coxa 1, with a short round ventro-distal genital process on legs 3 – 4; femur the longest article, with long dorso-distal seta; dorso-median cement gland duct on femur a slender tube, directed obliquely anteriorly, at mid-length of femur; tibia 1 and tibia 2 of almost equal length, with long dorso-distal seta, that on tibia 2 distinctly farther away from distal end of article; tarsus as long as broad, ventrally with a slender spine and 2 – 3 short setae; propodus distinctly curved, heel distinctly developed, but variable in shape, with 2 – 4 spines; sole almost straight, proximal half with 3 – 4 short and distally-curved spines, distal half with a relatively long cutting lamella, about half of sole length; main claw slightly curved, slender, its tip reaching the tips of the spines on distal margin of heel; auxiliary claw almost straight, about 1 / 8 length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 0.93; width 0.59 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.25; length of proboscis 0.33. Length of cheliphore scape 0.33; length of chela 0.17. Lengths of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.16; coxa 2 — 0.36; coxa 3 — 0.19; femur 0.62; tibia 1 — 0.54; tibia 2 — 0.56; tarsus 0.06; propodus 0.30; main claw 0.22; auxiliary claw 0.03. Female: like male apart from the sex-specific characters.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292AFFDD7ADC158A9DC7FD0F.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The species is closely related to Anoplodactylus maritimus Hodgson, 1914 (incl. Anoplodactylus parvus Giltay, 1934) which is widely distributed in tropical and moderate Atlantic, but is distinguished by a more slender habitus, more slender and less curved chela fingers, a longer cement gland duct and a longer cutting lamella on the propodus (comp. Stock 1975 a: 1073, Fig. 54). The characters Child (1977 b: 591) claimed for A. guyanensis from the northern coasts of South America are within the variability of petiolatus, so guyanensis is regarded as a junior synonym of this species. In the Santa Marta region A. petiolatus definitely preferred coral rubble habitats, its depth distribution ranged from 1 – 22 m. Only 3 ovigerous males were collected. According to published data A. petiolatus does not prefer definite substrata, but seems to avoid seagrass beds. In total its depth distribution reaches from the surf zone down to about 1520 m.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8292AFFDD7ADC158A9DC7FD0F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Temparate to tropical Atlantic, European Mediterannean; a compilation of its distribution is given in Stock (1986: 404).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82928FFDD7ADC15839FA0F8F4.taxon	description	Fig. 59	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82928FFDD7ADC15839FA0F8F4.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 33. — 1 male (SMF 1169), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 17. I. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82928FFDD7ADC15839FA0F8F4.taxon	description	Description of male: Dorsal trunk outline oval, relatively slender, all segments fused. Crurigers separated by little more than their diameter, without tubercles, with short dorso-distal seta. Ocular process almost conical, twice higher than its basal diameter. Eyes relatively large and distinctly pigmented. Abdomen erect, somewhat longer than ocular process, distally rounded and bearing 4 short setae. Proboscis relatively long and cylindrical, distally obtuse. Cheliphore slender, scape longer than proboscis by 1 / 4 of its length; chela slender, fingers moderately curved and toothless; movable finger with 2 setae on external face. Oviger relatively slender, 6 - articled; 3 rd article the longest, 1.3 times as long as first and second together; 5 th and 6 th articles together about as long as fourth and densely covered by short and distally directed setae; terminal article the shortest, oval. Legs rather slender and sparsely setose; these setae mostly very short but one long dorso-distal seta on each of femur and both tibiae, longer than half diameter of articles; coxa 1 4 / 5 length of coxa 3; coxa 2 2.6 times as long as coxa 1; femur and tibia 2 of equal length, longest of leg articles; femur more robust, cement gland duct in dorso-median line at end of proximal half, duct oval, very similar to that of A. californicus; tibia 2 is 1.1 times as long as tibia 1; tarsus as long as broad; propodus moderately curved, with distinct heel, distally with 2 robust and 7 more slender spines on anterior face; sole feebly concave with 8 spines, which are short and curved proximally, appearing almost like a quadrat (hence the name!); lamella short, about 1 / 6 length of sole; main claw robust, barely curved, its tip reaching to the spines on anterior aspect of heel; auxiliariy straight, 1 / 7 length of main claw. Colouration turquoise-green, paler than A. californicus. Female: unknown.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82928FFDD7ADC15839FA0F8F4.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Anoplodactylus quadratispinosus is closely related to A. californicus and to A. stictus, but differs from both by its much more slender habitus, completely fused trunk segments and the lack of a long genital process at the ventro-distal face of coxae 2 in legs 3 – 4.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82928FFDD7ADC15839FA0F8F4.taxon	distribution	Distribution: The species was previously known by its male holotype from Florida only. The record from Colombia enlarges the range of the species considerably southwards.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82936FFC07ADC17C89814FEFE.taxon	description	Fig. 60	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82936FFC07ADC17C89814FEFE.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 6. — 3 fem. (2 gravid), 8 juv. (SMF 1285), Thalassia, 2 m, 1. VIII. 1985. 1 (SMF 1286), Thalassia, 3 m, 9. X. 1985. 1 male (ov.), 2 juv. (SMF 1287), Thalassia, 3 m, 12. XII. 1985. 3 males (ov.), 2 fem. (1 gravid), 5 juv. (SMF 1288), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 13. I. 1986. 8. — 1 male, 2 fem. (gravid) (INVEMAR), from poriferans and hydroids on shaded jetty piles, 0 – 1 m, 14. V. 1985. 9. — 1 male (MNHN), from detritus and hydroids on stones, 22 – 23 m, 19. VI. 1985. 30. — 2 fem. (1 gravid) (SMF 1289), Thalassia, 2 m, 6. VI. 1985. 1 male, 1 fem. (gravid) (ZMA 3365), Thalassia, 2 m, 4. VII. 1985. 7 males (3 ov.), 3 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1290), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 6. VIII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1291), Thalassia, 0.5 – 2 m, 11. IX. 1985. 4 fem. (1 gravid), 3 juv. (SMF 1292), Thalassia, 1 – 2 m, 17. I. 1986. 38. — 1 male (ov.), 1 fem. (gravid) (ZFMK), Thalassia, 0.5 m, 17. III. 1986. 40. — 2 males (1 ov.), 3 fem. (gravid), 2 juv. (ZSM), Thalassia, 1 – 3.5 m, 8. VIII. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1293), Thalassia, 2 – 4 m, 28. X. 1985. 43. — 2 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1294), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. 45. — 1 male (USNM), on algae, hydroids and bryozoans on rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82936FFC07ADC17C89814FEFE.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk — dorsal outline oval, moderately robust, all segments fused. Crurigers 1 – 3, occasionally also 4 th, dorso-distally with a small unarmed tubercle; crurigers separated by less than their own diameter. Ocular process twice higher than its basal diameter; distal half conical, eyes distinctly pigmented. Abdomen relativley slender, directed obliquely backwards, armed with 4 short setae. Proboscis cylindrical, rather robust, distally broadly rounded. Cheliphores moderately slender, scape appreciably longer than proboscis; chela with short and strongly curved toothless fingers; movable finger with an external seta. Oviger slender; 3 rd article the longest, 2.2 times as long as first and second together; fourth article barely longer than sum of lengths of fifth and sixth; terminal article oval, half length of fifth, both bearing about 5 short and proximally directed setae. Legs moderately robust, sparsely setose; coxa 1 just shorter than coxa 3, but half length of coxa 2; femur the longest and most robust article, like both tibiae bearing a long dorso-distal seta; cement gland duct central on femur, a short straight tube, displaced somewhat laterally; tibia 1 and 2 of nearly equal length; tarsus as long as broad; propodus feebly curved, heel very distinct, with 2 robust distal spines and 2 paired slender spines on anterior face; sole straight, 3 short curved spines in proximal half; distal half of sole occupied by long lamella, flanked on both sides by 3 short setae; main claw slender and feebly curved, its tip reaching the spines on anterior face of heel; auxiliary claw very small, nearly straight, 1 / 9 of length of main claw. Measurements: Length of trunk 0.68; width 0.46 (across 1 st crurigers); length of abdomen 0.19; length of proboscis 0.31; length of cheliphore scape 0.19; length of chela 0.14; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.11; coxa 2 — 0.24; coxa 3 — 0.13; femur 0.41; tibia 1 — 0.34; tibia 2 — 0.36; tarsus 0.04; propodus 0.25; main claw 0.17; auxiliary claw 0.02. Female: like male apart from the sex-specific characters. Postlarva: Leg 4 a mere stump, which is longer by half than the abdomen, with indistinct articulation. Total length 0.5.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82936FFC07ADC17C89814FEFE.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The species is closely related to Anoplodactylus petiolatus (cf. Fig. 58) and A. maritimus from the Atlantic Ocean (cf. Stock 1975 a: 1073, Fig. 54). Both species are in habitus very similar to A. trispinosus, but distinct in many details. A. trispinosus differs from petiolatus by its shorter and dorso-laterally displaced cement gland duct. A. maritimus shares this character of a short cement gland duct with trispinosus, but it is situated in an exactly dorso-median position. Further differences are the more robust cheliphore and the shorter propodal lamina in maritimus. In the western Atlantic A. trispinosus has been collected only sporadically, and the few data do not indicate a pattern of distinct substrate preference. In the Santa Marta region the species almost exclusively colonized stands of seagrass, it was found from the surf zone down to about 10 m depth. Ripe males were encountered in months I, VIII and XII, so no clear correlation with the seasons. Females with ova in their ovaries were observed in months I – II, V – VIII and XII,	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82936FFC07ADC17C89814FEFE.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Amphi-atlantic; Senegal (Stock 1951: 14), Curaçao and Tobago (Stock 1954 a: 127; Stock 1975 a: 1076), Caribbean coasts of Panamá (Child 1979: 63) and Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82934FFC67ADC17C89ED2F9CD.taxon	description	Fig. 61	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82934FFC67ADC17C89ED2F9CD.taxon	materials_examined	Material: Holotype: 43. — Male (ov.) (SMF 1533), Thalassia, 1 – 1.5 m, 25. II. 1986. Paratypes: 43. — 4 males, 2 fem., 4 juv. (SMF 1692), together with holotype.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82934FFC67ADC17C89ED2F9CD.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The species epithet refers to the difficulties in separating the often very similar species in this genus, which needs a revision urgently.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82934FFC67ADC17C89ED2F9CD.taxon	description	Description of male holotype: Trunk relatively robust, in dorsal outline oval, all segments separate. Crurigers smooth, just longer than broad, separated by slightly less than 1.5 times their own diameter, with one dorsodistal seta. First trunk segment above origin of proboscis with two flat outgrowths. Ocular process about as high as basal diameter, bearing a small distal lappet, eyes small and distinctly pigmented. Abdomen very short, hardly longer than ocular process, nearly upright and distally rounded; bearing 2 – 4 short setae in its distal quarter. Proboscis subcylindrical, longer than first two trunk segments; slightly broadened at end of proximal third; distal third densely clad with small setae and continually narrowing, distally rounded. Oviger rather robust, 7 - articled; 2 nd article the longest, 1.4 times as long as 4 th; 5 th article as long as 4 th, but significantly more strongly curved; 6 th article robust, in its proximal half with a small lateral tubercle which bears two short setae; 7 th article 2 / 3 length of 6 th; terminal article with small tubercle with a short seta on inner margin at half length, and 3 short distal setae. Legs fairly robust, sparsely setose, with exception of tibia 2, tarsus and propodus; coxa 1 about 2 / 5 length of coxa 3, bearing 1 – 2 short dorso-distal setae; coxa 2 nearly as long as coxae 1 and 3 together; femur the most robust and longest article, with 3 short slender dorso-distal spines; one row of 17 cement gland pores on lateral aspect, along almost entire length of femur; tibia 2 1.2 times as long as tibia 1; tarsus as long as its diameter, ventrally with some setae and longer spine; propodus feebly curved, flat heel in proximal third bearing 4 robust long spines; sole almost straight, with 5 short robust spines; main claw scarcely curved, half length of propodus; auxiliary claw more curved and slenderer than main claw, about 3 / 5 length of main claw. Colouration in ethanol a light yellowish-green. Measurements: Trunk length 2.63; width 1.29 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.38; length of proboscis 1.63; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.33; coxa 2 — 1.02; femur 2.81; tibia 1, 2.27; tibia 2, 2.65; tarsus 0.26; propodus 1.15; main claw 0.58; auxiliary claw 0.41. Female: like male apart of the sex-specific characters.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82934FFC67ADC17C89ED2F9CD.taxon	discussion	Remarks: In the research area Endeis mollis is the most similar species to E. difficilis, from which it is distinguished by its smaller size and a distinctly more robust habitus, including the legs. In combination with this, the crurigers of E. difficilis are separated by slightly less than 1.5 times their diameter, in E. mollis by at least the double their diameter. Both species possess femora which show relatively parallel side walls with a similar number of cement gland pores, which are arranged in a single row along the entire length of that article. The proboscis in E. difficilis is more densely clad with setae in its distal third, and in this region is distinctly narrower than in E. mollis (cf. Fig. 62). Even though this difficult genus is in severe need of a revision the description of a new species seems warranted by the afore-mentioned characters. In its rather robust habitus E. difficilis resembles most Endeis flaccida Calman, 1923 from the western Atlantic, which possesses crurigers closer together (distance between crurigers 1 and 2 less than diameter of article) combined with a substantially higher number of cement gland pores. In the original description (Calman 1923: 295, Fig. 17) about 57 pores cover almost the entire dorso-lateral surface of the femur in an irregular strip. In the research area E. difficilis was found only once in seagrass stands in the east of the Tayrona National Park.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82934FFC67ADC17C89ED2F9CD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82933FFC47ADC11C59E87F996.taxon	description	Fig. 62	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82933FFC47ADC11C59E87F996.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 0. — 3, 1 (ov.) (SMF 1529), Santa Marta region, no precise data.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82933FFC47ADC11C59E87F996.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk slender, a long oval, fully segmented. Crurigers smooth, with very short dorsodistal seta; crurigers just longer than their diameter, separated by twice their own diameter. First trunk segment with two broadly rounded lobate outgrowths (" collars ”) above origin of proboscis, each of which bears one short seta. Ocular process nearly conical, barely higher than broad, distally with a small lappet. Eyes small, feebly pigmented. Abdomen small, directed obliquely backwards, twice longer than broad, distally rounded, with two very short setae. Proboscis longer than the first two trunk segments, cylindrical, expanded towards end of proximal half; with numerous short setae especially in distal half, apically bluntly rounded. Ovigers rather robust, 7 - articled; second article the longest, i. e. as long as first and third together; fourth and fifth article of nearly same length, but fifth more curved; sixth article robust, in proximal half a lateral oblique article with two short spines; inner face of article with another article and a short spine; terminal article almost oval, half as long as fifth, with 5 short setae distally and along second half of inner face. Legs slender and sparsely setose; coxa 1 the shortest, 2 / 3 length of coxa 3, with small slender dorsodistal spine; coxa 2 1.4 times as long as coxa 1 and coxa 3 together; femur the most robust article, 9 / 10 length of tibia 2; 19 cement gland pores distributed in single row all along the femur; femur bearing two short dorsodistal spines; tibia 2 1.2 times as long as tibia 1, both clad with scattered short setae; tarsus as long as broad, with 3 ventral spines, which increase in size distalwards; propodus feebly curved, proximal third with a flat heel which bears 3 robust long spines; sole feebly curved and armed with 8 short spines; main claw slender and moderately curved, its tip not reaching heel; auxiliary claw slender, distinctly curved, half as long as main claw. Colouration in ethanol clear yellowish green. Measurements: Length of trunk 3.63; width across first cruriger 1.52; length of abdomen 0.42; length of proboscis 2.56; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.34; coxa 2 — 1.22; coxa 3 — 0.53; femur 2.50; tibia 1 — 2.25; tibia 2 — 2.74; tarsus 0.22; propodus 0.86; main claw 0.51; auxiliary claw 0.24. Female: like male apart of the sex-specific characters.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82933FFC47ADC11C59E87F996.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Endeis mollis is possibly closely related to the circumtropically distributed species Endeis flaccida Calman, 1923, but E. flaccida is distinctly more robust, and its crurigers are separated by their own diameter at most. Further characters discriminating it from E. mollis are the branched intestinal diverticula in its femora and the widely scattered cement gland pores. In the research area the species was encountered in a single sample which was provided by members of INVEMAR to H. - G. M, but which had no collection data at all. However it was associated with Anoplodactylus insigniformis in this sample, which was found during the entire period on the piles of the Santa Marta port jetty. Therefore it may be assumed that E. mollis was collected at this same place. The numerous records existing in the literature do not suggest a preference for a particular substratum. Depth distribution encompasses 0 – 80 m.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82933FFC47ADC11C59E87F996.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Circumtropical; a compilation of all collection areas within the western Atlantic is given in Stock (1986: 404). The species was already recorded from the Caribbean coast of Colombia from Puerto Colombia (Sabanilla) by Stock (1957 b: 85).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82931FFCA7ADC11339DF5FBDA.taxon	description	Fig. 63	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82931FFCA7ADC11339DF5FBDA.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 8. — 2 males, 2 juv. (SMF 1530), shaded jetty piles; on hydroids and bryozoans, 1 – 3 m, 17. VI. 1985. 1 fem. (gravid) (SMF 1531), shaded jetty piles, on Cnidoscyphus, 0 – 1 m, 17. X. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1532), same locality, 24. XI. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82931FFCA7ADC11339DF5FBDA.taxon	description	Description of male: Slender, dorsal trunk outline a protracted oval, all segments separate. Crurigers glabrous, with 1 – 2 short slender dorsodistal spines and 1 – 3 short setae; crurigers as long as wide, separted by twice their diameter. First trunk segment with two flat projections at origin of proboscis. Ocular process 1.5 times as long as diameter, distal half acutely tipped. Eyes small and darkly pigmented. Abdomen tiny, barely longer than ocular process, distally rounded and bearing 2 short setae. Proboscis longer than the two anterior trunk segments, largely cylindrical but enlarged at mid-length, there with sparse short slender spines; distal region of proboscis broadly rounded, with numerous short setae. Ovigers relatively robust, 7 - articled; 2 nd and 4 th articles subequal and longest; fifth article barely shorter than fourth, rather strongly curved; sixth article of 2 / 3 length of fifth, robust, distal half with 2 short proximally directed spines on inner side; 7 th article the smallest, half as long as 6 th; inner margin of 7 th article with a small tubercle bearing a short central spine and four short distal spines. Legs slender, sparsely setose; coxa 1 about as long as diameter, dorso-distally with 1 – 2 short spines and 1 – 3 short setae; coxa 1 about 3 / 4 length of coxa 3; coxa 2 about 1.8 times as long as coxa 1 and 3 together; femur and tibia 2 the longest articles, of similar length; femur as seen from above feebly curved forming an S, with a longer lateral spine in distal half and 7 cement gland pores in a file situated in the distal two thirds; tibia 2 1.2 times as long as tibia 1; tarsus as long as broad, ventrally and ventro-laterally with several short setae, ventrally with 2 slender and one robust spine; propodus feebly curved; heel only feebly developed, armed with 4 robust spines; sole feebly concave and armed with 8 rather robust short spines; main claw feebly curved and rather slender, half as long as propodus; auxiliary claw more slender and more-strongly curved than main claw, ¾ length of terminal claw. Colouration of material in ethanol greenish yellow. Measurements: Trunk length 3.50; width 1.21 (across 1 st crurigers); length of abdomen 0.50; length of proboscis 2.10. Lengths of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.38; coxa 2 — 1.60; coxa 3 — 0.50; femur 3.10; tibia 1 — 2.60; tibia 2 — 3.13; tarus 0.24; propodus 1.04; main claw 0.52; auxiliary claw 0.38. Female: like male apart of the sex-specific characters.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82931FFCA7ADC11339DF5FBDA.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Endeis pauciporosa is very closely related to Endeis meridionalis (Böhm, 1879), which is distributed worldwide in tropical and subtropical latitudes. In the original description of Endeis pauciporosa Stock (1970 c: 2) mentioned the few characters differentiating both species. E. pauciporosa is much less setose on the trunk, its second coxa is more slender (4 times as long as diameter) and shows a comparatively lower number of cement gland pores (6 – 7). In meridionalis the second coxa is 3 times as long as broad and the number (21 – 32) of cement gland pores is much higher.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F82931FFCA7ADC11339DF5FBDA.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Until now the species was known from Eilat (Israel) and Al Ghardaqa (Egypt) in the Red Sea only. The find at Santa Marta considerably enlarges the species’ distribution, and constitutes the first record in the Atlantic Ocean.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293FFFCA7ADC113E9D0DF86D.taxon	discussion	Remarks: A species of the deeper sublittoral with a vertical distribution from 200 to 1000 m. Stock (1986: 425) mentioned it first from the Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293FFFCA7ADC113E9D0DF86D.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tropical and temperate western Atlantic — from Cape Hatteras (U. S. A.) southward to Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293FFFCA7ADC13A49983F984.taxon	description	2. Femur and particularly tibia 2 with long dorsal setae, most of them longer than the diameter of these articles ........... ........................................................................................................................................................................ P. schmitti Setae on femur and tibia 2 shorter than diameter of articles .......................................................................... P. kempfi	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293EFFCB7ADC17C89838FE3B.taxon	discussion	Remarks: A species of the sublittoral with depth range from 11 to about 600 m. As in all species of this genus mentioned here, no data on substratum preference are available. Stock (1986: 427) reported the species from the Caribbean coast of Colombia for the first time, and from a remarkably shallow depth (11 – 13 m).	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293EFFCB7ADC17C89838FE3B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Western Atlantic, from the Caribbean southwards to Brazil.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293EFFCB7ADC15509F6DFC8A.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Another species of the sublittoral with a known depth range from 27 to about 600 m. Stock (1975 a: 1028) recorded it for the first time from the Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293EFFCB7ADC15509F6DFC8A.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tropical western Atlantic; Florida to Brazil.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293EFFC97ADC14A89D0FFE17.taxon	description	Fig. 64	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293EFFC97ADC14A89D0FFE17.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 17. — 1 fem. (INVEMAR), among stone blocks with Cnidoscyphus, lower mesolittoral, 7. VI. 1985. 1 male (ZMA 3377), among stone blocks with Cnidoscyphus, lower mesolittoral, 8. VII. 1985. 1 juv. (SMF 1209), among stone blocks with Cnidoscyphus, lower mesolittoral, 9. VII. 1985. 1 male, 2 juv. (SMF 1210), among stone blocks with Cnidoscyphus, lower mesolittoral, 8. XI. 1985. 4 juv. (SMF 1211), on short algal turf on stone blocks, mesolittoral down to about 0.5 m, 7. I. 1986. 19. — 1 fem. (ZFMK), Thalassia, 5 l substratum, 0.5 – 4 m, 7. I. 1986. 20. — 1 juv. (SMF 1212), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral - 0.5 m, 9. IX. 1985. 1 male, 2 fem., 4 juv. (SMF 1213), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral, 7. I. 1986. 4 juv. (SMF 1214), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral, 12. II. 1986, 2 fem., 1 juv. (SMF 1215), on Sargassum cymosum, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral, 3. III. 1986. 21. — 1 juv. (SMF 1216), on Digenia simplex, 5 l substratum, mesolittoral, 13. VIII. 1985. 31. — 1 juv. (SMF 1217), under stones, mesolittoral, 9. IV. 1986. 45. — 1 male (ZSM), on algae, hydroids and bryozoanson rock, 6 – 10 m, 25. IX. 1985.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293EFFC97ADC14A89D0FFE17.taxon	description	Description of male: Robust, dorsal trunk outline oval, all segments separate. Crurigers separated by half of their diameter; dorso-distally with flat tubercles, each topped by a short seta; these tubercles absent on the first crurigers in some specimens. Segments 1 – 3 each with a rounded tubercle in dorso-median line, each of these tubercles bearing 1 – 2 short setae. Ocular process flat and broadly rounded, eyes darkly pigmented. Abdomen directed horizontally, overtopping the 4 th crurigers with 4 / 5 of its length. Proboscis robust, cylindrical, 1.5 times as long as diameter, bearing sparse short setae. Oviger 7 - articled and without setae, small; all articles short, terminal one claw-like. Legs very robust, sparsely setose; coxae 1 – 3 of similar length; femur the most robust and longest article, with flat round ventroproximal tubercle; tibia 1 1.2 times as long as tibia 2; tarsus as long as broad, with 4 short setae ventrally; propodus moderately curved, rather slender and without heel; sole slightly concave, with 3 – 10 short setae in distal half; main claw relatively strongly curved and robust, 2 / 5 length of propodus; auxiliary claw slender, 1 / 5 length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 1.24; width 0.49 (across 1 st crurigers); length of abdomen 0.25; length of probosics 0.32; length of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.12; coxa 2 — 0.14; coxa 3 — 0.12; femur 0.21; tibia 1 — 0.20; tibia 2 — 0.17; tarsus 0.08; propodus 0.25; main claw 0.10; auxiliary claw 0.02. Female: In habitus like male apart from the lack of ovigers, but mostly slightly larger. Larva: First trunk segment with a broad cephalon part, ocular process very flat; trunk in dorso-median line with 3 flat round knobs; crurigers 1 – 2 dorso-distally each with short seta; proboscis cone-shaped, distally not longer than chelae. Palps and ovigers are three-articled clasping extremities, distal articles hook-shaped. Legs 1 – 2 normally formed, leg 3 a stump, leg 4 not yet present. Total length 0.4. This stage corresponds to larval stage V of laboratory-raised Pycnogonum litorale Strøm, 1762 in Behrens (1981). It is the stage coming before the post-larva of P. litorale with 3 pairs of completely developed legs and stump-like legs of fourth pair. Postlarva: The dorso-median knobs on the crurigers absent and in their place of segments 2 – 4 a short seta; leg 4 a mere stump, without articulation, not longer than abdomen. Total length 0.74.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293EFFC97ADC14A89D0FFE17.taxon	discussion	Remarks: P. cessaci is possibly most-closely related to Pycnogonum pusillum Dohrn, 1881, which is distributed from the European Mediterranean, down the western coast of Africa to South Africa. Morphologically both species are nearly identical, but the terminal and auxiliary claws in pusillum are distinctly longer and slenderer, the ventral tubercle in proximal half of femur is somewhat variable and not well suited to distinguish these species (compare Fig. 64; Hoenigman & Stock 1955: 534, Figs. 1, 2). Pycnogonum cessaci is a species of shallow waters, its depth range in the research area was 0 – 10 m, in good agreement with data in the literature. In the Santa Marta region the preferred substratum was mostly algal stands and hydroids of the genus Cnidoscyphus. McCloskey (1967: 131) found ovigerous males from North Carolina (east coast of U. S. A.) in months IX – XII only.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293EFFC97ADC14A89D0FFE17.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Mainly amphi-atlantic, in the tropics and subtropics (Stock 1990: 231). Child (1979: 72) lists 2 records from the Pacific coast of Panamá. Stock (1986: 405) gives a compilation of the regions colonized.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293CFFCF7ADC14019DEAFA2E.taxon	description	Fig. 65	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293CFFCF7ADC14019DEAFA2E.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 3. — 1 fem., 1 juv. (INVEMAR), under stone blocks on sandy bottom, ca. 0.5 m, 30. XII. 1985. 9. — 3 fem. (ZMA 3378), under stone blocks on sandy bottom, 0.5 – 1 m, 29. XII. 1985. 3 males, 2 fem., 2 juv. (SMF 1534), under stone blocks on sandy bottom, 0 – 0.5 m, 31. XII. 1985. 3 males (1 ov.) (SMF 1535), under stone blocks on sandy bottom, 0 – 1 m, 28. I. 1986. 22. — 3 males (ov.), 14 fem. (SMF 1536), on Halimeda on reef top, mesolittoral, 14. IV. 1986. 31. — 1 male, 1 fem. (SMF 1537), under rocks on sandy bottom, mesolittoral, 9. IV. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293CFFCF7ADC14019DEAFA2E.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk outline dorsally oval and robust, all segments separated; crurigers close together, separated by slightly more than 1 / 5 of their diameter; crurigers 1 and 2 with short, often ramified postero-lateral tubercle. Segments 1 – 4 dorsally either without or each with 1 – 2 bulbous tubercles, very variably developed (see Child 1979: 70, Fig. 24). No eyes; ocular process with two peaks, broader than long. First trunk segment with processes directed obliquely to the anterior and serve as origins to palps; these processes are longer than broad, some of them bearing a small tubercle near their distal edge. Abdomen directed horizontally, more than half its length overtopping coxae 1 of fourth leg. Proboscis oval, robust, about 1 / 2 trunk length. Palp 4 - articled; all articles bearing small tubercles, those on terminal article mostly branched; first article the longest, 3.2 times as long as second; third article almost twice longer than second, bearing dorsally at midlength a robust process with short spines, which is almost as long as the length and the diameter of second article; fourth article directed dorsally, its anterior (= ventral) face densely covered with mostly branched tubercles, each of them with several short spines; fourth article almost as long as third. Oviger 10 - articled, typical for the genus; articles 1 – 3, 5 and 7 – 10 short and robust, of similar lengths; articles 4 and 6 of similar diameter, but slightly longer; articles 7 – 10 on their inner face with some short and mostly forked spines; terminal article almost round, with a robust curved claw and on its inner margin a finely dentated membrane. Legs rather robust, but proportions of articles conspicuously variable (comp. Child 1979: 71; Figs. 25 a, e); coxa 1 as long as broad or a trifle broader than long, antero- and postero-laterally almost exclusively with a branched tubercle in different size; coxa 2 the longest of all coxae, 1.3 times as long as coxa 3; coxa 2 in ventral or ventro-lateral position with a robust process, shorter than diameter of article; femur and tibiae of almost equal length, femur most robust article; the tibiae with a dorso-distal long seta; cement gland ducts ventro-lateral on femur, a slender tube, shorter than diameter of femur; tarsus as long as broad, with 2 short ventral setae; propodus feebly curved, relatively slender; sole without heel, with about 8 short setae; main claw robust and feebly curved, 1 / 3 length of propodus; auxiliary claw slender and feebly curved, of about 2 / 3 length of main claw. Measurements: Length of trunk 0.98; width across first crurigers 0.52; length of abdomen 0.23; length of proboscis 0.48. Lengths of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.09; coxa 2 — 0.12; coxa 3 — 0.09; femur 0.22; tibia 1 — 0.21; tibia 2 — 0.20; tarsus 0.04; propodus 0.20; main claw 0.07; auxiliary claw 0.04. Female: In habitus similar to male, but the tubercles on trunk segments and on coxa 1 generally weaker or even absent. Females mostly larger than males, on average measuring ca. 1.2.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293CFFCF7ADC14019DEAFA2E.taxon	discussion	Remarks: R. architectus shows close similarities to Rhynchothorax alcicornis Krapp, 1973 from the European Mediterranean and Rhynchothorax arenicolus Stock, 1989 from Curaçao. The first of these species is distinguished from R. architectus by its significantly shorter terminal palp article, which is adorned with fewer and higher tubercles (comp. Krapp 1973: 124, Fig. 1; Arnaud & Krapp 1990: 3, Fig. 2). R. arenicolus apparently has a 5 - articled palp, and the palp and leg articles are adorned with more numerous small round tubercles. The cement gland duct in R. arenicolus is shorter than in R. architectus (comp. Stock 1989: 91, Figs. 19 – 30). Owing to the considerable variability of characters, the distinction of various Rhynchothorax species is problematic. The development of the tubercles on the trunk segments and proboscis in Colombian material of R. architectus is feebler than Child (1979) reported for specimens from Panamá. In contrast the lateral tubercles on coxa 1 of the legs are larger and frequently branched. The cement gland duct in males from Colombia is distinctly shorter than in material from Panamá. Stock had only 3 specimens of R. arenicolus, two of them males, which are close to R. architectus, but the range of variability of that species is not yet sufficiently known. As far as known, R. architectus is a psammophilous species of the uppermost shallow waters. In the Santa Marta region it was collected with a specific sampling method: flat-lying rocks were abruptly lifted from the sandy bottom, and the resulting suction raised organisms and the uppermost layers of sand into the water column where they could be caught in a fine-meshed net.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293CFFCF7ADC14019DEAFA2E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Panamá (Child 1979: 68), Belize (Child 1982: 374) and Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293AFFCD7ADC12A89817FB12.taxon	description	Fig. 66	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293AFFCD7ADC12A89817FB12.taxon	materials_examined	Material: 9. — 2 males, 1 juv. (SMF 1538), under stones on sandy bottom, 0 – 0.5 m, 31. XII. 1985. 42. — 1 male, 3 juv. (SMF 1539), coral rubble, 13 m, 28. II. 1986.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293AFFCD7ADC12A89817FB12.taxon	description	Description of male: Trunk in dorsal view oval, robust, all segments separated by furrow, dorso-medially without tubercles; crurigers close together, with short lateral outgrowths, which are normally unforked. Eyes absent, 5 small tubercles in place of an ocular process; first trunk segment bearing antero-lateral outgrowths directed obliquely anteriorly, which serve as origins for the palps; these outgrowths longer than broad without any tubercles. Abdomen horizontal, surpassing first coxae of fourth legs by about half of its length. Proboscis oval, robust, longer than half length of trunk, with small dorsal tubercle. Palp 4 - articled; articles 1 – 3 with small round tubercles, most distinctly on terminal article; first article the longest, 5.5 times as long as second; third article 3 times as long as second, with an oval dorso-distal outgrowth bearing 2 – 3 spines and about as long as second article; terminal article curved dorsally, its anteriorly directed (= ventral) aspect armed with about 15 short spines. Oviger 10 - articled; articles 1 – 2 and 8 – 10 the shortest, their lengths about equal to their diameter; 4 th article the longest, just longer than 6 th; articles 7 – 10 on their inner aspect with some short, mostly forked spines; terminal article with a curved robust claw, on its inner face with a finely serrated membrane. Legs moderately robust, sparsely clad with setae; coxae 1 in legs 1 – 3 with short and mostly unforked lateral tubercles; coxae 1 and 3 of almost equal length, about 3 / 4 length of coxa 2; coxa 2 with irregularly formed ventro-lateral flat; femur and tibia 1 of equal length, tibia 2 slightly shorter; each of these three articles dorso-distally with a longer seta, especially long on both tibiae; cement gland duct on ventral side of femur, marked by tiny conical tubercle centrally; tarsus about as long as its diameter; propodus feebly curved, without heel; sole with 5 short setae; terminal claw robust and curved, about 2 / 5 of propodus length; auxiliary claw slender and feebly curved, 2 / 3 of length of main claw. Measurements: Trunk length 0.75; width 0.38 (across first crurigers); length of abdomen 0.14; length of proboscis 0.42; lengths of articles of leg 3: coxa 1 — 0.08; coxa 2 — 0.10; coxa 3 — 0.07; femur 0.17; tibia 1 0.17; tibia 2, 0.15; tarsus 0.04; propodus 0.17; main claw 0.07; auxiliary claw 0.05. Female: no material available from the Caribbean coast of Colombia. Subadult (or juvenile, fig. 66): Trunk segments 3 and 4 fused; segments 2 – 4 dorso-medially with a small tubercle. Ovigers present as stumps, without articulation. Total length 0.52. Postlarva: Body outline oval, with small pyriform proboscis. Palps very small and three-articled. First trunk segment separated by a dorsal furrow from caudal part. Fourth legs mere stumps and without articulation, not overreaching abdomen.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293AFFCD7ADC12A89817FB12.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The species was re-described by Müller (1990 b: 197) based on material from the Society Islands. R. philopsammum is closely related to Rhynchothorax vallatus Child, 1990 from the Australian Barrier Reef. Rhynchothorax vallatus is known from a single female and, compared to Rhynchothorax philopsammum, shows a more protracted body and smaller tubercles on the crurigers, and the femur is longer than tibia 1. In Rhynchothorax philopsammum both of these articles are of equal length. In comparison with the material from the Society Islands (Bora Bora) the specimens from Colombia show small differences, mostly regarding the development and number of tubercles on trunk segments. A salient feature is the small size of males from Bora Bora (0.54). From the Santa Marta region 6 specimens were collected from 2 localities in 0 – 13 m depth only. After completion of the present study, the first author detected a mature specimen of R. philopsammum in a sorted sample from Martinique. This specimen therefore was not included in his study from that Island (Müller 1990 d). It was found near Madras, Baie de Tartane, among dead corals in moderately wave exposed seagrass beds (1 – 2 m) and is deposited at ZSM.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
03E687F8293AFFCD7ADC12A89817FB12.taxon	distribution	Distribution: California, Pacific coast of Mexico (Child 1979: 72), Bora Bora, Society Islands (Müller 1990 b: 197), Martinique (Müller 1990 d) and Caribbean coast of Colombia.	en	Müller, Hans-Georg, Krapp, Franz (2009): The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia 2319. Zootaxa 2319 (1): 1-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2319.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2319.1.1
