identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E48790FF8BFF88FF121436C6664A81.text	03E48790FF8BFF88FF121436C6664A81.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis Laporte & Gory 1837	<div><p>Genus Melobasis Laporte &amp; Gory 1837</p><p>Buprestis (Melobasis) Laporte &amp; Gory, 1837: 118 . Type species: Buprestis cupriceps Kirby 1818 (fixed by subsequent designation: Bellamy 1998).</p><p>Briseis Saunders 1871, 44. syn. n.</p><p>Type species: Buprestis conica Laporte &amp; Gory 1837 (fixed by monotypy).</p><p>Diceropygus Deyrolle 1864: 68 . syn. n.</p><p>Type species: Diceropygus scutellaris Deyrolle 1864 (fixed by subsequent designation: Bellamy 1998).</p><p>Montrouzieria Obenberger 1923: 17 . (Synonymised with Diceropygus Deyrolle, 1864 by Théry 1925).</p><p>Montrouzieretta Obenberger 1924 (replacement name for Montrouzieria Obenberger 1923, superfluous name not preoccupied by Montrouziera Bigot 1860).</p><p>Montouzieretta Volkovitsh &amp; Hawkeswood 1995 (misspelling).</p><p>Type species: Montrouzieria caledonica Obenberger 1923 (fixed by monotypy).</p><p>Paramelobasis Théry 1923, 58. syn. n.</p><p>Type species: Melobasis (Paramelobasis) austera Théry 1923 (fixed by monotypy).</p><p>Small to medium sized (length 4–21 mm), moderately flattened ovate to elongate cylindrical species, sometimes with structurally coloured elytral or pronotal markings but without pigmentary coloured markings.</p><p>Head: almost always with the antennal insertions facing downwards and enclosed above by lateral prolongations of the clypeus; very rarely the antennal insertions face forward and the clypeus is reduced. Vertex and clypeus in the same plane not separated from one another by a groove or carina, flat or weakly convex. Genae slightly depressed lateral to the antennal insertions, the depression accommodating the antennal scape when the antennae are flexed backwards. Antennae 11 segmented with segments 4–10 expanded, the expanded parts triangular or rectangular in shape; sensory pores mainly confined to segments 4–11; segments 4–11 with an apical sensory fovea which is usually elliptical or almost slit like, rarely semicircular. Eyes moderately sized, slightly convergent dorsally, but always separated by at least one-third of the width of the head across the eyes when viewed from above.</p><p>Pronotum: variable in shape, more or less densely punctured with simple round or elliptical punctures, without a sculpture of reticulate polygonal cells. Lateral carina variable in extent, but always present at least in the posterior third. Scutellum very variable in shape and size.</p><p>Elytra: fully developed. Apices and lateral margins in apical half at least weakly serrate, very rarely with enlarged spine-like teeth at the apex. Sutural margins usually raised in the apical half to two-thirds, with a more or less well defined subsutural depression. Elytral punctation very variable, from regularly punctate-striate to randomly punctured, in the latter case often with one or more costae present.</p><p>Underside: prosternal process flat or rarely slightly depressed at centre, with or without a groove or line of coalescent punctures along the lateral margin; apex tri-lobate with the median lobe narrow and triangular. Mesosternum completely divided by the median lobe of the prosternal process, the two halves of the mesosternum almost touching posteriorly. Metacoxal plate about twice as wide medially as laterally, the posterior and anterior margins weakly bisinuate, the former sometimes almost straight. Metepimeron partly concealed by the anterolateral prolongation of the first abdominal sternite. Apex of the most distal abdominal sternite usually with a well defined excision bordered by lateral spines and with a variably developed flange; very rarely the spines are obsolete and the flange lacks a free distal margin (Figs. 7, 8, 198, 215).</p><p>Legs: mid tibia of male often curved and bearing serrations on the ventral face or with a setae-filled depression on the ventral face and then often swollen. Tarsal segments 1 – 4 with well developed ventral pulvilli occupying the apical third to half of the segment; first segment of metatarsus about one and half times as long as segment 2, segments 3 and 4 slightly shorter than 2; segment 5 dorso-ventrally flattened, club shaped; tarsal claws simple, often broadened at base, or rarely with a well developed posterior tooth</p><p>Metathoracic wing (Fig. 5): radial cell large and elongate; fused medial-cubital vein slightly longer than medial recurrent; 1st anal vein incomplete, not united to 2dA1; anal cell closed, the distal spur about as long as cell; vein 3dA2 joined to anal cell; 4th anal vein present and well developed; radio-medial cross vein present, but fainter than the veins it connects, almost opposite the 1st radial cross vein; cubito-anal cross vein complete.</p><p>Male genitalia: With a more or less well developed ovate, cupulate basal piece; parameres symmetrical with long thin sensory setae and sometimes with stout rigid setae, at the apex.</p><p>Ovipositor: Membranous. Two major types of ovipositor are found in Melobasis . The most frequent type is the elongate tubular type (Fig. 11), however, some species-groups have much shorter urite-like ovipositor (Fig. 10, 156, 157).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF8BFF88FF121436C6664A81	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF89FF8CFF1213E7C2F64FD6.text	03E48790FF89FF8CFF1213E7C2F64FD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis Laporte & Gory 1837	<div><p>Key to the species-groups of Australian Melobasis</p><p>Because some species-groups are easily keyed, I have thought it better to provide a key to species-groups and separate keys to the species of each group, rather than one very long key to species which I think would increase the chances of misidentification.</p><p>The variation within species-groups has meant that some species-groups have had to be taken out several times in the key. The species-group key will not necessarily enable non Australian species to be assigned to the speciesgroup to which they are most closely related. I have tried not to use characters of the male genitalia or secondary sexual characters as the only distinguishing characters, however, in a few cases where they are the most reliable characters they are used, and in some cases they are the best way to confirm that a species has been traced to the correct species-group.</p><p>If a species does not unambiguously key to a species-group it may be an undescribed species or possibly a variation of a described species which I have not seen. The habitus images, use of the separate keys to species and examination of the male genitalia, if available, should help to resolve this problem if it arises.</p><p>1 Epipleura of elytra with a small tooth, or strongly and abruptly narrowing opposite the hind coxae (Figs.14,15); lateral carina of pronotum reaching or almost reaching the pleurosternal suture; elytral punctation longitudinally seriate, except sometimes close to the lateral margin; mesoepisternum at least weakly microreticulate, usually without or with very few punctures away from the margins; apices of parameres of aedeagus with fine, long setae only; flange of apical sternite in male not produced at centre......................................................................... paramelobasis group (part)</p><p>- If epipleura of elytra slightly narrowing opposite the hind coxae (Fig. 16); then without all the other above mentioned characters combined................................................................................... 2</p><p>2 Scutellum shaped like an oblate semicircle, large, about one-ninth to one-fifth width of elytra at base; pronotum widest at base, more or less trapeziform, the anterior margin not, or scarcely produced at the centre (Fig. 28); mesoepisternum smooth or weakly microreticulate, unpunctured or with a few large, shallow setae-bearing punctures (Fig. 39); elytra punctate-striate; apices of parameres of aedeagus with fine, long setae only; flange of apical sternite in male not produced at centre............................................................................................... diceropygus group</p><p>- If scutellum shaped like an oblate semicircle, then not more than one-tenth width of elytra at base and/or prontum not widest at base................................................................................................ 3</p><p>3 Each elytron with two or more large, irregular depressions; pronotum with large, well defined, elongate depressions near the lateral margin (Fig. 17); lateral carina of pronotum straight, meeting the pleurosternal suture anteriorly; mesoepisternum densely punctured with small irregularly shaped punctures (Fig.40); flange of apical sternite in male not produced at centre.......................................................................................... abnormis group</p><p>- Without the above combination of characters................................................................ 4</p><p>4 Frontoclypeal margin strongly angulate lateral to the excision (Fig. 19); apices of elytra slightly spatulate; elytra internal to the 1st costa weakly, sparsely punctured, strongly, contiguously punctured external to the 1st costa; body navicular (Fig. 18)........................................................................................... nobilitata group</p><p>- Without the above combination of characters................................................................ 5</p><p>5 Tarsal claws with broad posterior tooth, or strongly appendiculate at base (Fig. 20)................................... pusilla group (part)</p><p>- Tarsal claws not toothed, at most only slightly widened at base (Fig. 21)......................................... 6</p><p>6 Lunate punctures at side of apical sternite coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin, or more rarely forming concentric semicircular ridges (part of formosa group) (Figs. 8, 9)............................ 40</p><p>- Lunate punctures at side of apical sternite separate or more rarely contiguous, the rims not coalescing to form ridges (Figs. 6, 7) 7</p><p>7 Flange of apical sternite wide, the lateral spines short, not longer than the width of the flange (Fig. 22); prosternal process with at least sparse, obvious opaque white pubescence, or with very long outstanding silvery pubescence on head, the setae only turning down at the tip ( M. rectipilosa sp. n.).................................................. propinqua group</p><p>- If flange of apical sternite as wide as above then prosternal process without obvious pubescence or pubescence translucent, silvery and pubescence on head not as above................................................................ 8</p><p>8 Prosternal process with a line of coalescent punctures near the lateral margin, sometimes only present at the base (Figs. 26, 27); flange of apical sternite wide, the lateral spines short, not longer than the width of the flange (e.g. Fig. 23,); mesoepisternum densely punctured with large, shallow punctures, partly obscured by setae (Fig. 37)................ .. formosa group (part)</p><p>- Without the above combination of characters................................................................ 9</p><p>9 Flange of apical sternite wide, almost filling the excision between the spines (Fig. 25); anterior margin of pronotum strongly produced at centre; base of elytra strongly biangulate or biarcuate (Figs. 29, 30); mesoepisternum shiny or microreticulate, sparsely to densely punctured with small punctures (Fig. 38), or microreticulate with a few large setae-bearing punctures in the anterior, inner corner.................................................................................. 10</p><p>- If flange of apical sternite almost as wide as above then mesoepisternum densely punctured with large setae-bearing punctures (Fig. 44)............................................................................................ 11</p><p>10 Base of elytra strongly biangulate, the elytra wider at base than pronotum at base (Fig. 29); tergite 9 in female with a fringe of long curved hairs at the distal margin (Figs. 31, 32) thoracica group</p><p>- Base of elytra strongly or very strongly biarcuate, the elytra not or scarcely wider than pronotum at base (Fig. 30); tergite 9 in female without a fringe of long curved hairs at the distal margin................................. gloriosa group (part)</p><p>11 Antennal cavities forward facing, and / or the frontoclypeus very reduced (Figs. 33, 77, 79)........... aclypea group (part)</p><p>- Antennal cavities not forward facing, partly concealed when the head is viewed from the front, the clypeus less reduced (Figs. 34, 35, 36).......................................................................................... 12</p><p>12 Elytra entirely blue or violet; pronotum reddish-copper, sometimes broadly blue or blue-green in the middle; elytral punctation arranged in regular longitudinal series, except near the lateral margin............................... azuripennis group</p><p>- Colour not as above; elytral punctation variable............................................................ 13</p><p>13 Elytra reddish-purple to almost black, with a green or golden sutural vitta, short humeral vitta and long lateral vitta (Fig. 47); vertex with obvious pubescence; aedeagus very elongate, the median lobe prolonged at the apex, the parameres with stout setae in addition to the usual fine setae (Figs. 45, 46); N. Queensland ................................... brooksi group</p><p>- Colour pattern not as above; aedeagus less elongate......................................................... 14</p><p>14 Dorsal margin of hind tibia strongly sinuate, with a very dense fringe of setae in the apical half (Fig. 48); mesoepisternum shiny with punctures only at the margin (Fig. 39); prosternal process without a line of coalescent punctures near the lateral margin.................................................................................. andersoni group</p><p>- Without the above combination of characters............................................................... 15</p><p>15 Clypeus with a deep, narrow excision (Fig. 36); scutellum very small, triangular, about one-twentieth width of pronotum at base; each elytron with eight well defined rows of seriate punctures; mesoepisternum smooth and shiny, with at most only a few medium sized shallow punctures present (39).......................................... prolongata group (part)</p><p>- Clypeus with a less deep, broader excision, if fairly deep then without the other characters combined.................. 16</p><p>16 Mesoepisternum shiny with none to many large shallow setae-bearing punctures present (Figs. 39, 44)................ 17</p><p>- Mesoepisternum with the surface more or less covered with small variably shaped punctures, sometimes also partly microreticulate (Figs. 40, 41, 43)........................................................................ 33</p><p>17 Elytra with well defined vittae, fasciae or maculae.......................................................... 18</p><p>- Elytra without vittae fasciae or maculae, although sometimes the suture, apical or lateral margins may be differently coloured to the rest of the elytra................................................................................. 22</p><p>18 Elytra with at most only one or two rows of well defined seriate punctation lateral to the subsutural depression.......... 19</p><p>- Elytra with at least four rows of well defined seriate punctation lateral to the subsutural depression.................... 20</p><p>19 Elytra with the humeral and sutural vittae extending from base about one-quarter length of elytra; elytra with at least one well defined costa and often trace of two more ( M. similis sp. n.).................................... gloriosa group (part)</p><p>- Elytra with the humeral vitta not extending beyond the humeral callosity, the sutural vitta only about one-sixth the length of the elytra; elytra with only a trace of one costa obscurella group (part)</p><p>20 Aedeagus with only fine long setae on the apical part of the parameres (Fig. 50); elytra without a pre-apical macula............................................................................................. ignipicta group (part)</p><p>- Aedeagus with stout spine-like setae, which are sometimes very small and inconspicuous, in addition to the normal fine long setae on the apical part of the parameres (Figs. 51, 52); elytra with a pre-apical macula, but sometimes lacking a median fascia ................................................................................................... 21</p><p>21 Mid tibia of male swollen, with a setae-filled depression on the underside (Fig. 49)................. pretiosa group (part)</p><p>- Mid tibia of male not swollen, without a setae-filled depression on the underside.................. hypocrita group (part)</p><p>22 Prosternum strongly raised for its whole width relative to the beaded anterior margin (viewed from front), sometimes with tubercules at the side (Fig. 53) buprestoides group (part)</p><p>- Prosternum not or scarcely raised, or only raised at centre relative to the beaded anterior margin...................... 23</p><p>23 Prosternal process with a groove or line of coalescent punctures near the lateral margin at least at the base (Figs. 26, 27)... 24</p><p>- Prosternal process without a groove or line of coalescent punctures near the lateral margin.......................... 28</p><p>24 Apices of elytra acute, the most apical tooth obviously larger than those between it and the suture (Fig. 54)............. 25</p><p>- Apices of elytra more or less rounded, the most apical tooth not or scarcely larger than those between it and the suture (Fig. 55)................................................................................... ignipicta group (part)</p><p>25 Punctation of lateral quarter of elytra tending to form short transverse series, not arranged in regular longitudinal series (Fig. 56)................................................................................................ 26</p><p>- Punctation of lateral quarter of elytra not forming transverse series, mostly arranged in regular longitudinal series (Figs. 57, 58) ................................................................................................... 27</p><p>26 Elytra blackish-green or blackish-lilac; pronotum blackish-green, blackish-lilac or purple in central half, reddish- to greenishcopper in lateral half; punctation of lower two-thirds of head consisting of very uniformly sized small punctures, the surface between the punctures strongly microgranulate, not shiny (Fig. 35) hypocrita group (part)</p><p>- Elytra brownish-bronze, golden or golden-green; pronotum entirely brownish-bronze, golden or golden-green; punctation of lower two-thirds of head consisting of less uniform slightly larger punctures, the surface between the punctures not or only very weakly microgranulate, shiny (Fig. 34) nervosa group (part)</p><p>27 Interstrial punctures in lateral quarter of elytra very tiny, much smaller than those forming the regular longitudinal series (Fig. 57)............................................................................... prolongata group (part)</p><p>- Interstrial punctures in lateral quarter of elytra about half the size of those forming the regular longitudinal series (Fig. 58)...................................................................................... ignipicta group (part)</p><p>28 Punctation in lateral quarter of elytra mainly arranged in regular longitudinal series (Figs. 57, 58) or elytral apices broadly rounded (Fig. 55); elytra without well defined costae or costate interstriae........................................ 29</p><p>- Punctation in lateral quarter of elytra mainly arranged in short transverse series (Fig. 56); elytral apices acute or subacute (Figs. 54, 59); elytra with well defined costae or costate interstriae................................................... 31</p><p>29 Elytral apices broadly rounded (Fig. 55); antero-lateral corner of pronotum with some conspicuous long pubescence..................................................................................... paramelobasis group (part)</p><p>- Elytral apices acute or subacute (Fig. 54, 59); pronotum without any conspicuous long pubescence................... 30</p><p>30 Most apical tooth of elytra enlarged, larger than the teeth between it and the suture (Fig. 54); elytra unicolourous blackish- or dark brownish-bronze................................................................. hypocrita group (part)</p><p>- Elytra without an enlarged apical tooth; elytra blackish-green or reddish-purple with a coppery red median macula or fascia, which may be small or rarely absent...................................................... ignipicta group (part)</p><p>31 Elytral apices acute with an enlarged apical tooth (Fig. 54); lateral margins of pronotum gradually convergent to the apical angles (Fig. 60); excision of apical sternite with the distal margin of the flange straight hypocrita group (part)</p><p>- If elytral apices somewhat acute, with a slightly enlarged tooth then lateral margins of pronotum more abruptly convergent to the apical angles (Fig. 61), and excision of apical sternite in male with the distal margin of the flange bisinuate or produced at the centre......................................................................................... 32</p><p>32 Punctures of central quarter of pronotum mostly tiny, pin-prick type (Fig. 62); lateral margins of pronotum gradually convergent to the apical angles (Fig. 62); excision of apical sternite with the flange not produced at the centre................................................................................................. ignipicta group (part)</p><p>- If punctures in central quarter of pronotum partly pin-prick type then lateral margins of pronotum more abruptly convergent to the anterior angles and excision of apical sternite in male with the flange produced at the centre....... nervosa group (part)</p><p>33 Prosternal process with a groove or line of coalescent punctures close to the margin, no punctures reaching the lateral margin (Figs. 26, 27)........................................................................................ 34</p><p>- Prosternal process without a groove or line of coalescent punctures close to the margin, sometimes with some punctures reaching the lateral margin............................................................................. 38</p><p>34 Elytra with median and pre-apical maculae or fasciae....................................................... 35</p><p>- Elytra without median and pre-apical maculae or fasciae..................................................... 36</p><p>35 Elytra without humeral maculae or vittae; median fasciae or maculae separated from the lateral margin of the elytra by at least two-thirds its own width............................................................... hypocrita group (part)</p><p>- Elytra with a humeral maculae or vittae, often extending along the basal margin to fuse with the scutellary vitta; median fasciae at most separated from the lateral margin of the elytra by one-quarter its width..................... pretiosa group (part)</p><p>36 Elytral apices acutely angled (Fig. 54)..................................................... hypocrita group part</p><p>- Elytral apices obtusely angled or rounded (Figs. 55, 59)...................................................... 37</p><p>37 Mesoepisternum strongly microreticulate, sometimes with some small punctures over part of the surface (Fig. 41)............................................................................................ obscurella group (part)</p><p>- Mesoepisternum shiny not microreticulate and more or less densely punctured with small variously shaped punctures (Fig. 40).................................................................................... pretiosa group (part)</p><p>38 Head clothed with sparse to dense long pubescence......................................... cupricollis group (part)</p><p>- Head glabrous....................................................................................... 39</p><p>39 Elytra usually with the following green, golden-green or blue-green markings: a sutural vitta of variable length, an oblique vitta extending from the base over the humeral callosity, a lateral vitta extending from the base, of variable length; in some specimens the markings are enlarged and coalescent and in extreme cases most of the elytra is green, golden-green or bluegreen; median lobe of aedeagus with an elongate acute apex (Fig. 63) vittata group</p><p>- Elytral markings very variable, however, rarely as above, usually with at least a small macula in the apical half, and if an oblique humeral vitta is present, it is confined to the basal half of the elytra; sometimes the markings are enlarged and coalescent and such specimens are most easily distinguished from those of the vittata group in having the apex of the median lobe of the aedeagus subacute or approximately diamond shaped (Fig. 64)......................... purpurascens group</p><p>40 Apical sternite with a median carina in the apical half, the ridges formed by the coalescent punctures strongly turned in towards the carina, excision in male with the flange produced at the centre (Fig. 69); median lobe of aedeagus with the apex shaped like an arrowhead, the parameres with short stout setae as well as long fine setae (Figs. 65, 66).................... lauta group</p><p>- Without the above combination of characters............................................................... 41</p><p>41 Distal margin of clypeus with a narrow excision between broad lateral lobes, or with a broad V-shaped excision (Figs. 73, 74, 75, 76).................................................................................. melanura group</p><p>- Distal margin of clypeus not as above..................................................................... 42</p><p>42 Distal margin of clypeus almost straight or very shallowly emarginate, sometimes with a small median projection (Figs. 77, 78,), and/or antennal cavities forward facing (Fig. 79, 80)....................................... aclypea group (part)</p><p>- If distal margin of clypeus only shallowly emarginate then not produced at the centre and antennal cavities downward facing (Figs. 34, 35, 82) 43</p><p>43 Apical sternite with the excision largely or entirely filled by the flange, not produced at the centre in the male (Figs.207–212); mesoepisternum densely punctured with large, shallow setae-bearing punctures (Fig. 37); clypeal excision broad, moderately deep, U-shaped (Fig. 81); length greater than 9mm ........................................... formosa group (part)</p><p>- Apical sternite with excision not largely filled by the flange; if flange fairly broad then mesoepisternum microreticulate with at most a few large, shallow punctures present (Fig. 42); clypeal excision shallow and length less than 9mm ............... 44</p><p>44 Mesoepisternum densely punctured with small variously shaped punctures, large shallow, setae-bearing punctures absent (Fig. 40)............................................................................... cupricollis group (part)</p><p>- Mesoepisternum strongly microreticulate, sometimes with a few large, shallow setae-bearing punctures present (Fig. 42), or more or less densely punctured with large shallow setae-bearing punctures (Fig. 44), and sometimes in addition some small punctures or weak microreticulation..................................................................... 45</p><p>45 Mesoepisternum not obviously microreticulate, with few to many large, shallow, setae-bearing punctures present (Figs. 44)...................................................................................... nervosa group (part)</p><p>- Mesoepisternum strongly microreticulate (fig. 42), sometimes with a few large, shallow, setae-bearing punctures, and small punctures present..................................................................................... 46</p><p>46 Prosternal process almost twice as long as wide at the widest point, parallel sided or at most weakly widening posteriorly (Figs. 70, 71, 147); clypeus broadly shallowly emarginate with rounded or obtusely angled peaks (Fig. 82); scutellum fairly large, about one-twelfth to one-fourteenth the width of elytra at base; excision of apical sternite with a straight flange in both sexes; aedeagus short, the apex of the median lobe simply acute (Figs. 160, 161, 162, 163); length 6mm or less...................................................................................................... pusilla group (part)</p><p>- Prosternal process about one and a half times as long as wide at the widest point, strongly widening posteriorly (Figs. 72); clypeal peaks of various shapes, however, not as broadly rounded as above; scutellum small, less than one-twentieth the width of the elytra at the base; excision of apical sternite with the flange at least slightly produced at the centre in both sexes; aedeagus elongate, the apex of the median lobe rarely simply acute usually asymmetrical (Figs. 67, 68); length usually greater than 6mm ................................................................................ iridicolor group</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF89FF8CFF1213E7C2F64FD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF8CFF8CFF16119AC3BF4E8D.text	03E48790FF8CFF8CFF16119AC3BF4E8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis thoracica Blackburn. B. Levey 1887	<div><p>The thoracica species-group</p><p>This group consists of two species. The group is characterised by the fringe of long curly setae on the 9th abdominal tergite of the female (Figs. 31, 32). This character is unique to this species-group. The strongly biarcuate basal margin of the elytra, and the short, broad ovipositor (Fig. 156), indicate that the closest relatives of the thoracica species-group may be species of the pusilla species-group which also have these two characters. Parameres of aedeagus with long fine setae only.</p><p>Adult M. thoracica are mainly recorded from Acacia species. The larval hosts are unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF8CFF8CFF16119AC3BF4E8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF8CFF8CFF121771C2F348FA.text	03E48790FF8CFF8CFF121771C2F348FA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis thoracica Blackburn. B. Levey 1887	<div><p>Key to the thoracica species-group</p><p>1 Male and female colour dimorphic; upperside of male golden-green, the lateral margins and apices of the elytra more or less copper or purple (Fig. 85); upperside of female yellow-bronze to brown-bronze, more or less suffused with copper or purple (Fig. 86); serrations of lateral margins of elytra well defined and acute (Fig. 94); aedeagus less strongly widening from the basal piece to the widest point; apex of median lobe produced with the tip pointed (Fig. 159); S.W. Australia ................................................................................................. M. duplexicolor sp. n .</p><p>- Male and female not colour dimorphic; upperside largely reddish-violet, bluish-green or blackish-green (E. &amp; S. Australia) (Fig. 83) or yellow-bronze to brown-bronze (S.W. Australia) (Fig. 84); serrations of lateral margins of elytra often less well defined and obtuse (Fig. 95); aedeagus more strongly widening from the basal piece to the widest point; apex of median lobe produced with the tip rounded (Fig. 158); (female M. thoracica usually have the lateral margins of the pronotum more weakly convergent to the anterior and posterior angles than in M. duplexicolor, however, this character shows some variation); peripheral areas of E., S. and S.W. Australia .................................................... M. thoracica Blackburn</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF8CFF8CFF121771C2F348FA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF8CFF8DFF1216AAC5944C9B.text	03E48790FF8CFF8DFF1216AAC5944C9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis duplexicolor Levey 2012	<div><p>M. duplexicolor sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 85, 86, 94, 159)</p><p>Type locality: W. Australia, Quinns Rocks .</p><p>Type specimens. Holotype ♂ (SAMA) Quinns Rocks W.A., 24.ix.55., Acacia [S. Barker Collection] / HOLOTYPE Melobasis duplexicolor sp. n. B. Levey 2010. Paratypes as follows. Western Australia: 1♀ (SAMA) same data as Holotype; 1 unsexed Coronation Beach, 20km N. Geraldton 7–8.xi.81, H. &amp; A. Howden; 5♂, 2♀ (BMNH, NMWC) Dongarra, 6–19.ix.1935 &amp; 23.viii–5.ix.1935, R.E.Turner; 2♂, 1♀ (ANIC, MVA) Geraldton J. Clark; 1♂ (SAMA) Geraldton; 2♀ (SAMA, BPBM) Geraldton &amp; Mullewa, Lea; 1♂ (ANIC) Mundaring, J. Clark; 15♂, 11♀ (NMWC, WAMA) Rottnest; 1♂ (SAMA) Rottnest Res. Stn., Acacia rostellifera Benth., 3.ix.56, S. Barker ; 1♂ (SAMA) Rottnest, 1/ 4 mile E.N.E. Radar Hut, Myoporum insulare, 3.ix.56, S. Barker . 2 ♀ (SAMA) W. Australia .</p><p>Diagnosis. Length 6.9–9.1 mm. Male and female colour dimorphic; upperside of male golden-green, the lateral margins and apices of the elytra more or less copper or purple (Fig. 85); upperside of female yellow-bronze to brown-bronze, more or less suffused with copper or purple (Fig. 86); serrations of lateral margins of elytra well defined and acute (Fig. 94); aedeagus weakly widening from the basal piece to the widest point; apex of median lobe produced with the tip pointed (Fig. 159).</p><p>Comments. No other consistent differences were noted between M. duplexicolor and M. thoracica apart from those mentioned above. In the field bronze M. thoracica from S.W. Australia are likely to be misidentified as female M. duplexicolor .</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected between August and November. Adults have been collected from Acacia rostellifera Benth. (Fabaceae), Chamelaucium uncinatum Schauer (Myrtaceae) (Geraldton Wax), Myoporum insulare R. Br. (Myoporaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF8CFF8DFF1216AAC5944C9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF8DFF92FF121178C62848AE.text	03E48790FF8DFF92FF121178C62848AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis thoracica Blackburn. B. Levey 1887	<div><p>M. thoracica Blackburn</p><p>(Figs. 29, 31, 32, 83, 84, 95, 158)</p><p>Melobasis thoracica Blackburn, 1887: 246; Kerremans 1903; Carter 1929: 286; Obenberger 1930: 435; Bellamy 2002: 165; 2008: 1335. Type locality: South Australia (Port Lincoln?). [In his original description Blackburn says he cannot recall the circumstances of its capture and gives the locality as South Australia. However in his notebook in BMNH he has written P.L. against the name which probably stands for Port Lincoln.]</p><p>Melobasis nitidiventris Kerremans 1898:122; 1903: 159; Carter 1923: 78; 1929: 285; Obenberger 1930: 433; Bellamy 2002: 158; 2008: 1327. Syn. n. Type locality: Australia.</p><p>Type specimens examined. M. thoracica Holotype ♂ (BMNH) Holotype / Type/ 2207/ Blackburn Coll. 1910-236/ Melobasis thoracica, Blackb. / HOLOTYPE Melobasis thoracica Blackburn. B. Levey det.1990.</p><p>M. nitidiventris Kerremans Holotype ♀ (BMNH) Holotype / Type/ Australie Starck/ Collection Chevrolat/ nitidiventris Kerr. Type/ M. nitidiventris Kerr. Australie / Kerremans 1903 -59.</p><p>Other specimens examined: Western Australia: Albany; Lancelin; 16mls. S. of Borden; Kalbarri; Lake Grace; Little Anchorage; mouth of Moore River; 9km W. of Hopetown (33.57S, 120.07E.); South Australia: Alligator Gorge National Park; Arkaroo Rock; Athelston; Belair National Park; Bunker Hill, Flinders Chase, Kangaroo Island; Kuitpos Forest. Victoria: Bendigo; Brisbane Ranges, between Bacchus Marsh and Meredith; Eltham; Emerald; Gippsland; Gisborne; Glen Innes; Hawell; Inglewood; Lakes Entrance; Little Desert; 4.3 mls S.E. of Longford; Melbourne; Nowa Nowa; 5mls N. of Nowa Nowa; 10 mls N.W. of Orbost; Ringwood; Sea Lake; South Morang; Taradale; Toolern Vale; Victor Harbour; Wallan; Wattle Glen.</p><p>New South Wales: Armidale; Blue Mountains; Boural; Cocoparra; Cullen Bullen; Falconbridge Ridge; French’s Forest; Gordon; Hill End; Hornsby; Jenolan Caves; Leura; Heathcote Rd., near Lucas Heights; 3 mls N. of Repton; Sandy Point, Sydney; National Park, Sydney; North Sydney; Wahroonga; Waterfall; Wedderburn; Mount White. A.C.T.: Black Mountain, Canberra. Queensland: Glen Aplin; Stanthorpe.</p><p>Specimens examined from AMSA, ANIC, ASC, BMNH, CLBC, DAS, FCNSWA, GBC, IRSNB, JTCA, MVMA, NMWC, SWCA, UQA, WAMA.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 6.5–10.0 mm; head largely green or yellow-green in male, with upper part of vertex coppery; head largely dull reddish-violet to dull brownish-copper in female, with upper part of vertex sometimes brown-bronze; pronotum reddish-violet often with coppery reflections, sometimes bluish-green; elytra largely reddish-violet, however, centre sometimes bronze-green or blackish-brown or more rarely blackish-green (E. &amp; S. Australia) or yellow-bronze to brown-bronze (S.W. Australia); underside bright reddish-violet with coppery reflections; glabrous except for very short, fine, very sparse setae on the lateral parts of the underside.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with small, shallow, round punctures, often becoming transversely coalescent on the clypeus; vertex sometimes with a poorly defined, large, shallow depression at the centre; glabrous or with sparse, short, very fine setae almost confined to the clypeus; weakly microsculptured; clypeus usually slightly depressed at centre; clypeal excision almost absent or very shallow, U-shaped, with a fairly broad, weakly microreticulate, unpunctured border; lateral margins of clypeus sometimes strongly turned in towards the midline distally, not forming acute angles with the clypeal excision; vertex flat, about half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately convex.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.58–1.71 times as wide at base as long in the midline; anterior margin moderately strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin strongly biarcuate; widest at or slightly in front of the mid-length; lateral margins moderately strongly, slightly curvilinearly to almost rectilinearly diverging from posterior angles to widest point then strongly, curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight, about half complete; punctation at centre consisting of very transverse punctures, forming slightly sinuate transverse series, which are weaker and lunate in the anterior third; laterally, densely punctured with large, shallow punctures, which become deeper and smaller near the lateral carina; moderately strongly microreticulate at centre; usually with a narrow, unpunctured median line in the posterior two-thirds.</p><p>Scutellum: quadrate or slightly elongate, the posterior margin rounded; about one-tenth width of elytra at base; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin strongly biarcuate to biangulate; slightly to moderately strongly widening over the humeral callosities, thence slightly rectilinearly widening to slightly beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the moderately broad, subangulate apices; lateral margins and apices very weakly, obtusely serrate; sutural margin strongly raised for most of its length; inner half with traces of four very finely punctured striae, the second interstria usually slightly costate; laterally almost uniformly densely to very densely punctured with much larger and stronger punctures with a tendency to form transverse series; reticulate microsculpture weak on the inner half, becoming stronger on the densely punctured lateral parts.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large very shallow elliptical punctures; pubescence very sparse, short and inconspicuous.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin at about the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening posteriorly, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small round punctures, with a line of slightly larger punctures parallel and close to the lateral margin; sparsely clothed with short pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: more or less densely punctured with small round and vermiform punctures.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 25): with well separated lunate punctures laterally; excision in ♂ and ♀ shallow, much wider than deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, the lateral spines short, slightly divergent, not longer than the depth of the flange.</p><p>Mid tibia: ♂ straight with small serrations on the ventral face, sometimes only obvious close to the apex; ♀ straight without serrations on the ventral face.</p><p>Tarsal claws: not abruptly widening or toothed at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 158): aedeagus strongly widening from the basal piece to its widest point; apex of median lobe produced, with the tip rounded</p><p>Ovipositor (Fig. 156): about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. In the field might be mistaken for some members of the obscurella species-group. The south west Australian form likely to be confused with the female of M. duplexicolor sp. n.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected between August and December (mainly September–November). Adults mainly recorded on Acacia spp. (Fabaceae), with single records on Casuarina sp. (Casuarinaceae), Cassia sp. (Fabaceae), Genista monspessulana (L.) L.A.S. Johnson ( Fabaceae), Grevillea sp. (Proteaceae), Hakea sp. (Proteaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF8DFF92FF121178C62848AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF93FF93FF1213CBC2F34EC1.text	03E48790FF93FF93FF1213CBC2F34EC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis pusilla Carter Id 1928	<div><p>Key to the pusilla species-group</p><p>1 Apical sternite of abdomen with contiguous lunate punctures, the punctures not forming grooves (Fig. 144); mesoepisternum microreticulate, with numerous punctures; aedeagus (Fig. 160)............................ M. inflammabilis Thomson</p><p>- Apical sternite of abdomen with coalescent lunate punctures forming grooves (Figs. 145, 146) mesoepisternum microreticulate, with few punctures....................................................................... 2</p><p>2 Male golden-green (Fig. 88); female blue-green, except along the elytral suture which is narrowly brown-bronze (Fig. 89); eyes very convex in male, less so in female; head slightly wider across the eyes than pronotum at anterior angles; pronotal punctation very dense, except close to the midline, the punctures separated by less than their own diameter; those at centre of pronotum round or weakly transverse (Fig. 142); lateral margin of elytra not angled or sinuate between the basal angle and the humeral callosity; aedeagus (Fig. 161); C. Queensland ........................................... M. pusilla Carter</p><p>- Without the above combination of characters................................................................ 3</p><p>3 Head, prosternal process and centre of metasternum clothed with fairly long pubescence (Fig. 147); basal angle of elytra forming an almost right angled shoulder in front of the humeral callosity (Fig. 143); punctures at centre of pronotum round or weakly transverse, separated by about their own diameter (Fig. 143): underside, head and pronotum golden to green or coppery; elytra with the lateral margin in the basal half, the basal margin and the suture in the basal fifth golden-green or coppery, the remainder reddish-purple or blackish-violet, or sometimes entirely reddish-purple (Fig. 90); N. Territory &amp; N.W. Australia M. parvula Carter</p><p>- Head, prosternal process and centre of metasternum not clothed with fairly long pubescence (Fig. 70); without the other combination of characters............................................................................... 4</p><p>4 Head slightly narrower across the eyes than pronotum at anterior angles; more elongate; pronotum less transverse; underside and head emerald green; pronotum coppery-brown at centre, emerald green along the anterior margin and in the lateral half; elytra reddish-violet with a broad golden-green lateral vitta, extending from the basal angle over the humeral callosity to the apical quarter (Fig. 93); C. Queensland; male unknown M. kanguluorum sp. n.</p><p>- Head as wide or slightly wider across the eyes than pronotum at anterior angles; less elongate; pronotum more transverse (Figs.91, 92); S.W. Australia ........................................................... M. paucipunctata sp. n.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF93FF93FF1213CBC2F34EC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF93FF90FF1210BAC6F84823.text	03E48790FF93FF90FF1210BAC6F84823.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis inflammabilis Thomson B. Levey 1879	<div><p>M. inflammabilis Thomson</p><p>(Figs. 71, 87, 144, 160)</p><p>Melobasis inflammabilis Thomson 1879: 22; Kerremans 1892: 105; 1903: 159; Carter 1923: 82; Obenberger 1930: 436; Carter 1931: 108; Bellamy 2002: 166; 2008: 1337. Stat. rev. (not syn. of M. vittata Blackburn).</p><p>Melobasis terminata Kerremans, 1898: 127; 1903: 159; Carter, 1923: 74 &amp; 78; 1929: 286; Obenberger 1930: 435; Bellamy 2002: 165; 2008: 1335. Syn. n.</p><p>Type locality: Australia .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Melobasis inflammabilis Holotype ♂ (MNHN), Th. Type / inflammabilis Thoms. (M.ss.) Type Ap. 1.19/ Ex. Musaeo James Thomson / Holotype Melobasis inflammabilis Thomson B. Levey det.</p><p>Melobasis terminata Holotype ♀? (BMNH), Holotype / Type, Melbourne Staud. terminatis (sic) Kerr. Type/ M. terminata Kerrem. Melbourne / Kerremans 1903 -59/ HOLOTYPE Melobasis terminata Kerremans B. Levey det. 1990.</p><p>Other specimens examined. Western Australia: Carnac Is.; Cottesloe; Myalup; Naval Base; Perth; South Perth; Singleton Beach; Yanchep.</p><p>Queensland: no locality (Challenger Expedition), undoubtedly wrongly labelled. Specimens examined from AM, ANIC, BMNH, MMSA, MVMA, SAMA, WAMA.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 4.6–6.9 mm. Head green; pronotum green; elytra in ♂ green with the suture narrowly, and the apex and lateral margin broadly reddish-copper, in ♀ reddish-copper with a narrow sutural vitta extending from the base to the apical third of the elytra, and a broad lateral vitta extending from the basal angle along the lateral margin for two-thirds or more the length of the elytra, green; underside green.</p><p>Head: very densely punctured in ♂, densely punctured in ♀ with small fairly deep round to ovate punctures, with sparse very short inconspicuous setae, mainly confined to the lower half of the head; strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision shallow U-shaped, with a narrow strongly microreticulate unpunctured border, sometimes confined to the centre; clypeal peaks obtusely angled; vertex strongly convex, about half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately convex, sometimes less so in ♀.</p><p>Antennae: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and less elongate; the expanded part of segment 4 triangular, that of segments 5–10 quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.63–1.67 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin strongly biarcuate; widest at or near the mid-length; lateral margins slightly almost rectilinearly diverging to widest point from posterior angles, then slightly more strongly, curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide at base as elytra at base; lateral carina curved, about twothirds complete; punctures in central quarter of pronotum very sparse, very small, transverse, becoming slightly larger laterally, with a tendency to form sinuate transverse series, gradually changing to larger, stronger and much denser ovate and round punctures in the lateral third; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate at centre, becoming strongly microreticulate laterally; midline sometimes unpunctured for most of its length</p><p>Scutellum: almost rectangular to shield-shaped, about one-eleventh width of elytra at base; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin strongly biangulate; slightly to moderately strongly widening over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to slightly beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the broadly rounded apices, lateral margins from mid-length and apices with fine acute serrations, those at the apex being smaller; sutural margin moderately strongly raised in apical three-quarters; without punctured striae or costae; the punctation of the subsutural depression consisting of tiny round widely spaced punctures, which become progressively larger denser and more transversely lunate as one approaches the lateral margin, becoming contiguous and forming transverse ridges close to epipleura, particularly near the elytral apices; reticulate microsculpture weak on the inner half, becoming stronger on the densely punctured lateral parts.</p><p>Proepisternum: densely punctured, with moderately large, very shallow, round punctures; pubescence very sparse, short and inconspicuous.</p><p>Prosternum: without a bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process very slightly widening from base, very sparsely punctured with pin-prick punctures, with a line of much larger partly coalescent punctures close to the lateral margin; glabrous or with a few very short setae.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: microreticulate and more or less densely punctured with small round and vermiform punctures (Fig. 41).</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 144): with contiguous lunate punctures laterally; excision in both sexes shallow, much wider than deep, the distal margin of the flange weakly bisinuate, the lateral spines short, parallel, about as long as the depth of the flange.</p><p>Tarsal claws: abruptly widened at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 160).</p><p>Ovipositor: about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. In the field this species is only likely to be confused with males of M. duplexicolor sp. n. or M. paucipunctata sp. n.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected December to January. Adults collected on Acacia rostellifera Benth. (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF93FF90FF1210BAC6F84823	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF90FF91FF12169DC6F8486C.text	03E48790FF90FF91FF12169DC6F8486C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis kanguluorum Levey 2012	<div><p>M. kanguluorum sp. n.</p><p>(Fig. 70, 93, 146)</p><p>Type locality: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=149.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.716667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 149.85/lat -23.716667)">Edungalba</a>, Queensland (23° 43'S. 149° 51' E.) .</p><p>Type specimen examined. Holotype ♀ (ANIC) Queensland: Edungalba 15.2.69. On Brigalow. S. Adams.</p><p>Diagnosis. This description is based on the female. Male unknown.</p><p>General diagnosis: length 5.7 mm. Head green; pronotum green in lateral half and along the anterior margin, purple-brown at centre with indications of a very narrow green midline; scutellum green; elytra purple, with a broad green lateral vitta extending from the base to the apical quarter; underside green.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with small, fairly deep round punctures, which become contiguous on the frontoclypeus, and smaller and transversely elliptical on the upper part of the vertex; glabrous; strongly microreticulate, becoming very strongly microreticulate on the upper part of the vertex; clypeal excision shallow, U-shaped, with a complete, narrow, unpunctured border; clypeal peaks obtusely angled; vertex strongly convex, more than half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and less elongate; the expanded part of segment 4 triangular, that of segment 5–10 quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.39 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin moderately strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin strongly biarcuate; widest at the mid-length; lateral margins strongly almost rectilinearly diverging to widest point from posterior angles, then strongly almost rectilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina curved, slightly more than half complete; punctation dense to very dense except for the midline which is narrowly unpunctured in the posterior third; punctures small, strong, transverse in the central half becoming more or less round or ovate laterally; strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Scutellum: slightly transverse, shield-shaped, about one-ninth width of elytra at base; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin moderately strongly biarcuate; slightly widening over the humeral callosities; parallel sided from the humeral callosities to the mid-length, before narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins from mid-length and apices with fine acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margins moderately strongly raised in apical half; without punctured striae or costae; punctation of the subsutural depression consisting of tiny round widely spaced punctures, which become progressively larger denser and more transversely lunate laterally, becoming contiguous and forming transverse series in the lateral half; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured, with large, very shallow, round punctures; the bottom of the punctures microreticulate; pubescence absent.</p><p>Prosternum: without a bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process almost parallel sided, moderately densely punctured with small, strong round punctures, with a line of partly coalescent punctures close to the unpunctured lateral margin, glabrous (Fig. 70).</p><p>Mesoepisternum: microreticulate with a few large shallow setae-bearing punctures, and small round punctures.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 146): with the lunate punctures close to lateral margin coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin near base, but strongly turning in towards the midline near the apex, the most lateral line of coalescent punctures forming a slightly serrate ridge parallel to the lateral margin; excision fairly shallow, wider than deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, the spines short, parallel, shorter than the depth of the flange.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly cleft with a very broad basal tooth.</p><p>Ovipositor: about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. This very distinctive species is unlikely to be confused with any other.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after the aboriginal Kangulu people who inhabited the area encompassing the type locality.</p><p>Bionomics. Adult collected in February on Brigalow, Acacia harpophylla F.Muell. ex Benth. (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF90FF91FF12169DC6F8486C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF91FF96FF1216D1C34C48B0.text	03E48790FF91FF96FF1216D1C34C48B0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis parvula Carter	<div><p>M. parvula Carter</p><p>(Figs. 90, 143, 147, 162)</p><p>Melobasis parvula Carter 1930: 179; 1939: 300; Bellamy 2002: 159. 2008: 1329. Type locality: Hermannsburg, N. Territory.</p><p>Type specimen examined. Holotype ♀ (not a male as indicated by Carter) (BMNH), Holo-type / Holotype / Hermannsburg, Central Australia H.J. Hillier 1911-311/ Melobasis parvula Cart. Det. H.J. Carter / HOLOTYPE Melobasis parvula Carter B. Levey det. 1990.</p><p>Other specimens examined. Western Australia: 1 ♂ (WADA) Kununurra, 20.ix.1962 K.T. Richards; 1 ♂ (ANIC) Millstream 21.35S. 117.04E, 27.x.1970, at light. E.B. Britton .</p><p>Diagnosis. The following description is based on males only.</p><p>General diagnosis: length 5.0– 5.1 mm; head reddish-copper; pronotum reddish-copper, sometimes with golden-green reflections laterally; elytra deep blue-green with a short broad sutural vitta joined along the base to a broad lateral vitta extending over the humeral callosity to the apical quarter, reddish-copper; sometimes the reddish-copper markings are more extensive and the blue-green colour is confined to a broad sutural band in the apical half of the elytra; underside green to golden-green.</p><p>Head: very densely punctured with small strong round to slightly polygonal punctures; clothed with moderately dense, moderately long pubescence; without obvious microsculpture; clypeal excision shallow, Ushaped, with a complete, narrow, unpunctured border; clypeal peaks obtusely angled; vertex moderately convex, about half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes slightly to strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and less elongate; the expanded part of segment 4 triangular, that of segment 5–10 quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.5 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin moderately strongly to strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin strongly biarcuate; widest at the posterior angles; lateral margins with a slight to strong sinuosity just in front of the posterior angles then almost parallel sided to mid-length, before slightly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly wider at base than elytra at base; lateral carina curved, about two-thirds complete; punctation dense except for the midline which may be narrowly unpunctured for part of its length; punctures small, strong, slightly transverse near midline becoming more or less round or ovate laterally; strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Scutellum: slightly transverse, shield-shaped, about one-twelfth width of elytra at base; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin moderately strongly biarcuate; parallel sided for a short distance behind the basal angles, then abruptly widening over the humeral callosities; parallel sided from the humeral callosities to the mid-length, before narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins from mid-length and apices with fine acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margin moderately strongly raised in apical half; without punctured striae or costae, however, punctures in inner half of elytra partly arranged in longitudinal series; punctation of the subsutural depression consisting of tiny round widely spaced punctures, the punctures become progressively larger denser and more transversely lunate laterally, becoming contiguous and forming transverse series in the lateral half; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured, with large, very shallow, ovate punctures; bottom of the punctures microreticulate; pubescence very sparse, short and inconspicuous.</p><p>Prosternum: without a bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process parallel sided for most of its length, but slightly widening near apex, moderately densely punctured with small, strong round punctures and clothed with moderately dense long pubescence; with a line of partly coalescent punctures close to the unpunctured lateral margin (Fig. 147).</p><p>Mesoepisternum: microreticulate with a few shallow setae-bearing punctures.</p><p>Apical sternite: lunate punctures close to lateral margin coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin near base, but strongly turning in towards the midline near the apex, the most lateral line of coalescent punctures forming a slightly serrate ridge parallel to the lateral margin; excision fairly shallow, wider than deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, the spines short, parallel, about as long as the depth of the flange.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly cleft with a very broad basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 162).</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected September and October. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF91FF96FF1216D1C34C48B0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF96FF97FF12156BC4ED4AC0.text	03E48790FF96FF97FF12156BC4ED4AC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis paucipunctata Levey 2012	<div><p>M. paucipunctata sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 91, 92, 145, 163)</p><p>Type locality: W. Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.48333/lat -28.4)">Wurarga</a>, Marloo sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (ANIC) Marloo Stn. Wurarga, W.A. 1931–1941. A. Goerling . Paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 2 ♀ same data a Holotype (ANIC, NMWC). 1♀ (NMVA) Dedari, W.A. Jan. 1939. F.E. Wilson 1♂, 1♀ (NMWC, TMSHC) 7 km NE of Wubin, WA, 2 January 2009, TMS Hanlon, on flowering Quandong; 1♂, 1 ♀ (NMWC, TMSHC) same but 21 km NE; 1♂ (TMSHC) same but 19 km NE; 4♂, 1♀ (ASC), Wannara East Road, 21 km NNW of Mount Gibson Mines, WA, -29 34 31.90 117 05 56.60, 14.xii. 2008, on flowering Santalum sp. (Quandong), A. Sundholm, D. Knowles, M. Powell; New South Wales: 1♂, 1♀ (ASC), 2 km W of Euabalong West, NSW, -33 03 23.50, 146 22 20.90, 19.xii.2011, on flowering Santalum acuminatum (Quandong), A. Sundholm, R. Richardson; 1♂, 1♀ (ASC), 12.2 km W of Euabalong West, NSW, -33</p><p>03 14.40, 146 15 47.50, 29.xii.2008, on flowering Santalum acuminatum (Quandong), A. Sundholm, J. Bugeja, J. Hokin.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 4.4–5.5 mm; This species is sexually dimorphic in colour: ♂ head and pronotum golden to golden-green; scutellum, elytra and underside green. ♀ head, and pronotum reddish-purple, with extensive green reflections; elytra blue-green or reddish-copper; proepisternum, meso- and metathorax reddish-copper to reddish-purple and abdomen blue-green, or entire underside reddish-purple;</p><p>Head: ♂ very densely punctured with small, fairly deep round and polygonal punctures; glabrous except for sparse short inconspicuous setae on the lower part of the vertex and frontoclypeus; lower two-thirds of head shiny, upper third strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision shallow, U-shaped, with a complete unpunctured border; lower half of vertex with a fairly large shallow depression at centre; clypeal peaks obtusely angled; vertex weakly convex, half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately convex; ♀ densely punctured with small, fairly deep round and ovate punctures, which become contiguous on the frontoclypeus; glabrous; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, U-shaped, without, or with an unpunctured border only at the centre of the excision; clypeal peaks very obtusely angled, almost rounded; vertex weakly convex, more than half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and less elongate; the expanded part of segment 4 triangular, that of segments 5–10 quadrate</p><p>Pronotum: 1.37–1.53 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin moderately strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin strongly biarcuate; widest at the mid-length; lateral margins weakly curvilinearly diverging to widest point, sometimes with a sinuosity just in front of the posterior angles, then weakly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide or slightly wider at base than elytra at base; lateral carina curved, about two-thirds complete; punctation sparse to moderately dense in central third, consisting of very small round and transversely elliptical punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin where they become dense; ♂ without an unpunctured midline, ♀ with a well defined complete or almost complete unpunctured midline; strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Scutellum: slightly transverse, shield-shaped, about one-ninth width of elytra at base; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin moderately strongly biarcuate; slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence slightly narrowed behind the humeral callosities, before widening slightly to the mid-length, thence narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins from mid-length and apices with fine acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margins moderately strongly raised in apical half; without punctured striae or costae; punctation of the subsutural depression consisting of tiny round widely spaced punctures, which become progressively larger denser and more transversely lunate as one approaches the lateral margin, becoming contiguous and forming transverse series in the lateral half; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured, with large, ovate to lunate punctures; bottom of the punctures microreticulate; with none or very sparse pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: without a bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process parallel sided, sparsely punctured with very small, round punctures, with a line of slightly larger punctures very close to the unpunctured lateral margin; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: microreticulate with a very few large shallow setae-bearing punctures.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 145): lunate punctures close to lateral margin coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin near the base, but strongly turning in towards the midline near the apex, the most lateral line of coalescent punctures forming a slightly serrate ridge parallel to the lateral margin; excision deep, wider than deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, the spines long, parallel, as long as the depth of the flange.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 163).</p><p>Ovipositor: about as long as wide (Fig. 157).</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after the sparse punctation of the central part of the pronotum.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been collected in December &amp; January from flowering Quandong [ Santalum acuminatum (R. Br.) A. DC (Santalaceae)]. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF96FF97FF12156BC4ED4AC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF94FF95FF1213CBC7B14DA3.text	03E48790FF94FF95FF1213CBC7B14DA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis pusilla Carter Id 1928	<div><p>M. pusilla Carter</p><p>(Figs. 88, 89, 142, 161)</p><p>Melobasis pusilla Carter 1928: 272; 1929: 285; Obenberger 1930: 434; Carter: 1939: 300; Bellamy 2002: 162; 2008: 1331. Type locality: Queensland, Bowen.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♀ (SAMA), '2 2007, Bowen Queensland A. Simson, Holotype. Allotype ♀ (abdomen missing) (SAMA),' 2 614 Bowen Queensland A. Simson, Allotype, Melobasis pusilla Carter Id by H.J. Carter.</p><p>Other specimens examined. Queensland: Edungalba, Slatey Creek .</p><p>Specimens examined from BPBM, EEAC, NMWC.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 4.5–6.0 mm. Head golden-green to green in ♂, green to blue-green in ♀; pronotum, elytra and underside golden-green in ♂, blue-green in ♀.</p><p>Head: very densely punctured in ♂, densely punctured in ♀, with small round to slightly polygonal, moderately strong to strong punctures; with sparse, short, inconspicuous setae; upper part of vertex strongly microreticulate, lower part weakly microreticulate; clypeal excision shallow U-shaped, with a complete narrow weakly microreticulate, unpunctured border; clypeal peaks obtusely angled; vertex almost flat to slightly convex, slightly more than half width of the head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly convex in ♂, moderately convex in ♀.</p><p>Antenna: segments serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and less elongate; the expanded part of segment 4 triangular, that of segment 5–10 more or less quadrate, segment 10 being about as wide as long; segment 11 roughly ovate, slightly shorter than segment 10.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.36–1.50 as wide at base as long in the midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin strongly biarcuate; widest at or slightly before the mid-length; lateral margins slightly curvilinearly diverging from posterior angles to widest point, then slightly more strongly, curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide at base as elytra at base; lateral carina curved, about twothirds complete; punctation dense to very dense except for the midline which may be narrowly unpunctured for part or all of its length; punctures small, strong, slightly transverse near midline becoming more or less round or ovate laterally; strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Scutellum: slightly transverse, ovate to shield-shaped, about one-ninth width of elytra at base; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: 2.06 times as long as wide at base; basal margin moderately strongly biarcuate; moderately strongly widening over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to slightly before the mid-length, before narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins from mid-length and apices with fine acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margin moderately strongly raised in apical two-thirds; without punctured striae or costae; punctation of the subsutural depression consisting of tiny round widely spaced punctures, which become progressively larger, denser and more transversely lunate as one approaches the lateral margin, becoming contiguous and forming transverse series in the lateral half; strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured, with moderately large, very shallow, ovate punctures; bottom of the punctures strongly microreticulate; pubescence very sparse, short and inconspicuous.</p><p>Prosternum: without a bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process parallel sided, very densely punctured with small, strong round punctures and clothed with moderately dense long pubescence in ♂, ♀ with slightly less dense punctation and shorter pubescence; with a line of partly coalescent punctures close to the unpunctured lateral margin.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: microreticulate with a few shallow setae-bearing punctures.</p><p>Apical sternite: with the lunate punctures close to lateral margin coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin, the most lateral line of coalescent punctures forming a slightly serrate ridge parallel to the lateral margin; ♂ excision fairly shallow, wider than deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, the spines very short, parallel, shorter than the depth of the flange; ♀ excision wider than in ♂.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly cleft with a very broad basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 161).</p><p>Ovipositor: about 1.25 times as long as wide.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected in December on Brigalow shoots [ Acacia harpophylla F.Muell. ex Benth. (Fabaceae)]; Acacia bidwillii Benth. (Hawkeswood, 2011) Larval host Acacia mearnsii De Wild. (Hawkeswood, 2011) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF94FF95FF1213CBC7B14DA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF95FF95FF12121FC53D4EB6.text	03E48790FF95FF95FF12121FC53D4EB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis formosa Carter B. Levey 1923	<div><p>The formosa species-group</p><p>The group is characterised by having the mesoepisternum densely punctured with shallow punctures, partly obscured by long setae (Fig. 37). Many of the species in the group have the spines bordering the excision of the apical sternite reduced, and in a few species the flange occupies the whole excision or is reduced to a small depressed area on the sternite (Figs. 7, 8, 198, 215). A reduction in the length of the spines is also found in a number of other groups, and I am uncertain if it is apomorphic in the formosa group. The apical part of the parameres of the aedeagus has fine sensory setae only. The ovipositor of those species examined is short and broad (Fig. 10). The mid tibia of the male is similar to that of the female, lacking teeth or a setae-filled depression on the ventral face. The tarsal claws lack a well defined basal tooth, but may be broadened at the base.</p><p>Some of the species are very variable and the differences between species are small. For this reason I have had to key out a number of species several times in the key. The key provided can only be considered as provisional given the limited amount of material of some species available, and the variability of others. The differences between the aedeagi of the species are often small, the main differences being the relative width to breadth of the aedeagus and the curvature of the lateral margins of the parameres. This group contains 20 species mainly confined to S.W. Australia, also with single species known from N.W. Victoria &amp; inland New South Wales ( M. burnsi sp. n.), and inland New South Wales ( M. formosa Carter). Adults of many species have been collected on Acacia .</p><p>In constructing the key I have included some species of other species-groups which might be mistaken for members of the formosa species-group.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF95FF95FF12121FC53D4EB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF95FF9BFF121777C2F349C0.text	03E48790FF95FF9BFF121777C2F349C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis formosa Carter B. Levey 1923	<div><p>Key to the formosa species-group</p><p>1 Lunate punctures of apical sternite usually well separated over most of the surface, if contiguous then the punctures are linked to form transverse series (Figs. 6, 7)...................................................................... 20</p><p>- Lunate punctures of apical sternite often contiguous over most of the sternite (Fig. 8), if contiguous punctures are confined to the region of the lateral margin, then the punctures are linked to form series more or less parallel to the lateral margin (Fig. 9) ................................................................................................... 2</p><p>2 Lunate punctures of apical sternite contiguous over most of the sternite, sometimes forming concentric semicircular grooves, or grooves turning inwards towards the midline distally (Fig. 8)................................................. 3</p><p>- Lunate punctures of apical sternite forming linked series more or less parallel to the lateral margin (Fig. 9).............. 8</p><p>3 Punctation of prosternum and prosternal process dense or very dense, the punctures separated by less than half their own diameter; aedeagus (Fig. 179)............................................................... M. amoena sp. n.</p><p>- Punctation of prosternum and prosternal process sparse to moderately dense, most punctures separated by more than their own diameter 4</p><p>4 Elytra yellow-bronze with the apices and sometimes the sutural and lateral margins in the apical half reddish-purple, without contrasting vittae, fasciae or maculae...................................................................... 5</p><p>- Elytral ground colour variable, always with at least a slightly developed humeral vitta and median macula or fascia, and often with a pre-apical macula 6</p><p>5 Pronotum widest at the posterior angles (Fig. 98); aedeagus short (Fig. 166)........................... M. brevis sp. n.</p><p>- Pronotum widest at or near the mid-length (Fig. 99); aedeagus elongate (Fig. 168)................. M. marlooensis Carter</p><p>6 Elytra yellow-bronze or brownish-copper with blue or violet markings; median fascia strongly constricted or divided to form two maculae (Figs. 104, 105); aedeagus almost parallel sided in apical half (Fig. 167) M. dividua sp. n.</p><p>- Elytra reddish-purple, purple-brown or rarely golden-copper, with green, golden or coppery markings; median fascia not divided, but sometimes reduced (Figs. 100, 101, 102, 103); aedeagus not parallel sided in apical half (Figs. 164, 165) 7</p><p>7 Pronotum with lateral margins straight or divergent to the posterior angles for some distance in front of the posterior angles; prosternum without a bead at least at the central part of the anterior margin; excision of apical sternite in female with lateral spines (Fig. 201); aedeagus (Fig. 164)......................................................... M. burnsi sp. n.</p><p>- Pronotum with lateral margins convergent to the posterior angles for some distance in front of the posterior angles (sometimes parallel sided or slightly divergent immediately in front of posterior angles); prosternum with a complete sometimes very narrow bead at the anterior margin; excision of apical sternite in female without lateral spines (Fig. 215); aedeagus (Fig. 165)...................................................................................... M. formosa Carter</p><p>8 Elytra with a humeral vitta, sutural vitta and often a median fascia and pre-apical macula; sometimes these markings may be partly fused.......................................................................................... 9 - Elytra with only the apex and the lateral and sutural margins contrasting in colour to the rest of the elytra.............. 27</p><p>9 Elytral markings yellowish-copper, enlarged, the humeral vitta closely approaching and sometimes joined to the median fascia, which is sometimes joined to the pre-apical macula and the sutural vitta; ground colour violet or blue (Fig. 112)........... M. flavoaenea sp. n.</p><p>- Elytral markings and ground colour different.............................................................. 10</p><p>10 Prosternal process with a line of contiguous punctures close to the lateral margin extending almost to the apex of the process (Fig. 27); elytral markings green or golden................................................................. 30</p><p>- Prosternal process with or without a line of contiguous punctures close to the lateral margin, if with a line of contiguous punctures extending almost to the apex of the process, then elytral markings silvery-blue.......................... 11</p><p>11 Prosternal process without a groove or line of coalescent punctures near the lateral margin........................... 12</p><p>- Prosternal process with a groove or line of coalescent punctures near the lateral margin, at least at the base (Figs. 26, 27).. 16</p><p>12 Elytral markings green, golden or pinkish-copper........................................................... 14</p><p>- Elytral markings silvery-blue.......................................................................... 13</p><p>13 Parameres of aedeagus not strongly constricted before the apical setae-bearing part (Fig. 172); form slender; the lateral margins of the elytra usually strongly sinuate before the apex (Fig. 107); elytra without a marked dorso-ventral flexure..................................................................................... M. septemplagiata Carter</p><p>- Parameres of aedeagus strongly constricted before the apical setae-bearing part (Fig. 170); form less slender; the lateral margins of elytra not strongly sinuate before the apex, or elytra with a marked dorso-ventral flexure (Figs. 119, 148)................................................................................................. M. flexa sp. n.</p><p>14 Prosternum without a bead at least at the central part of the anterior margin............................ M. burnsi sp. n.</p><p>- Prosternum with a complete narrow bead at the anterior margin................................................ 15</p><p>15 Humeral vitta long, as long or longer than the sutural vitta (Fig. 108); aedeagus more elongate, the median lobe produced at the apex (Fig. 171)......................................................................... M. acutula sp. n.</p><p>- Humeral vitta short, shorter than the sutural vitta (Fig. 102, 103); aedeagus less elongate, the median lobe not produced at the apex (Fig. 165)......................................................................... M. formosa Carter</p><p>16 Elytral markings coppery, golden or green................................................................ 17</p><p>- Elytral markings silvery-blue or pinkish.................................................................. 18</p><p>17 Pre-apical macula of elytra very large, much longer than the humeral vitta (Fig. 113); pubescence of lateral half of pronotum long and obvious (except when abraded); punctures close to lateral margin of apical sternite coalescing to form well marked elongate grooves parallel to the margin...................................................... M. knowlesi sp. n.</p><p>- Pre-apical macula of elytra smaller, as long or shorter than the humeral vitta (Fig. 111); pubescence of lateral half of pronotum shorter and less obvious; punctures close to lateral margin of apical sternite partly coalescent, but not forming well defined grooves parallel to the margin.............................................................. M. goerlingi sp. n.</p><p>18 Parameres of aedeagus strongly constricted before the apical setae-bearing part (Fig. 170); elytra often with a marked dorsoventral flexure (Fig. 148); robust species, length 12–17 mm ......................................... M. flexa sp. n.</p><p>- Parameres of aedeagus not strongly constricted before the apical setae-bearing part (Figs. 169, 172); elytra without a marked dorso-ventral flexure; less robust species, length 9–13 mm .................................................... 19</p><p>19 Aedeagus elongate, with a marked longitudinal ventro-dorsal flexure (Fig. 169); pronotum with sides more rounded, usually not as wide at posterior angles as at mid-length (Fig. 106)......................................... M. brittoni sp. n.</p><p>- Aedeagus less elongate, without a marked longitudinal ventro-dorsal flexure (Fig. 172); pronotum with sides less rounded, usually almost as wide at posterior angles as at mid-length (Fig. 107)........................ M. septemplagiata Carter</p><p>20 Elytra without vittae or fasciae.......................................................................... 21</p><p>- Elytra with vittae and fasciae........................................................................... 22</p><p>21 Pronotum more transverse, with a broad unpunctured anterior border; prosternal process with a groove formed from coalescent punctures, well separated from the lateral edge; centre of prosternum and prosternal process densely pubescent; sutural margins of elytra well separated at apex (Fig. 116) M. meyricki Blackburn</p><p>- Pronotum less transverse, with a narrow unpunctured anterior border; prosternal process with a line of coalescent punctures close to the lateral edge; centre of prosternum and prosternal process only sparsely pubescent; sutural margins of elytra only slightly separated at apex (Fig. 117) M. nudipectus sp. n.</p><p>22 Elytra with an elongate vitta internal to the humeral callosity; pronotum unicolourous brown-bronze, greenish-bronze, steelblue or grey, sometimes with a violaceous reflection; not sexually dichromic...................................... 23</p><p>- Elytra with a humeral macula; sexually dichromic: female with underside, head and lateral half of pronotum, reddish-purple; centre of pronotum yellow- or greenish-bronze, with the midline and the junction of the lateral and central areas, narrowly steel-blue: male with underside, head, lateral half and midline of pronotum bright green, remainder of pronotum reddish-purple or violet......................................................................... obscurella species-group</p><p>23 Sutural vitta very long, extending from the scutellum to about half elytral length; humeral vitta long almost reaching and sometimes narrowly joined to the median fascia; pre-apical macula very elongate and almost reaching apex of the elytra, and sometimes almost joined to the median fascia (Fig. 115) M. hanloni sp. n.</p><p>- Sutural vitta not more than one-quarter the length of the elytra; humeral vitta and pre-apical macula less elongate, well separated from the median fascia 24</p><p>24 Pronotum largely brown- or greenish-bronze; elytra usually with indications of three costae at the mid-length; mid tibia of male curved and slightly swollen, with a depression on the ventral face; aedeagus with lateral margin of parameres strongly sinuate in the apical half, the apex with small stout setae in addition to the normal fine setae (Fig. 188)....................................................................................... M. similis sp. n. gloriosa species-group - Pronotum mainly steel-blue or grey, sometimes with a violaceous reflection; elytra usually with indications of only two costae at the mid-length; mid tibia of male straight, not swollen and without a depression on the ventral face; aedeagus with lateral margin of parameres less strongly sinuate in the apical half, the apex with fine setae only (Figs. 169, 173, 175)......... 25</p><p>25 Elytral markings coppery, golden or green, the elytral ground colour bluish-violet or bright reddish-violet (Figs. 109, 110)... ................................................................................................... 26</p><p>- Elytral marking silvery-blue, silvery-green or rarely pinkish-copper, the elytral ground colour brownish-copper to dull reddishviolet (Fig. 106); aedeagus (Fig. 169)........................................................ M. brittoni sp. n.</p><p>26 Pronotum less transverse, 1.37–1.50 times as wide at base as long in midline; basal margin of elytra weakly bisinuate (Fig. 110); aedeagus fairly short, the parameres strongly constricted near the base and just before the apical setae-bearing part (Fig. 173)..................................................................................... M. janae sp. n.</p><p>- Pronotum more transverse, 1.56–1.73 times as wide at base as long in midline; basal margin of elytra strongly bisinuate (Fig. 109); aedeagus elongate, the parameres not strongly constricted near the base or before the apical setae-bearing part (Fig. 175)....................................................................................... M. powelli sp. n.</p><p>27 Basal margin of elytra almost straight or slightly bisinuate; pronotum reddish-violet to lilac laterally, brown- or greenishbronze at centre, with the midline and the junction of the lateral and central areas, often blue-green or blue (Fig. 118)........................................................................................... M. purpurilata sp. n.</p><p>- Basal margin of elytra strongly biarcuate or biangulate; pronotum unicoloured, blackish-bronze or coppery with reddish-purple reflections 28</p><p>28 Prosternal process strongly and abruptly widening behind the fore coxae, without a line of enlarged or coalescent punctures near the lateral margin (Fig. 153); excision of apical sternite about three times as wide as deep (Fig. 9) M. caudata Carter</p><p>- Prosternal process only slightly, gradually widening behind the fore coxae, with a line of enlarged or coalescent punctures near the lateral margin (Fig 154); excision of apical sternite one to one and half times as wide as deep..................... 29</p><p>29 Elytral apices, lateral margin and sutural margin in apical three-quarters, an elongate patch over the humeral callosity and an elongate patch internal to the 1 st costate interval, all violet or blue............................... M. flavoaenea sp. n.</p><p>- At most only tips of elytra reddish-purple or violet....................................... M. septemplagiata Carter</p><p>30 Vertex slightly wider, about two-thirds width of head across eyes when viewed from above; pronotum rather transverse, 1.51–1.66 times as wide at base as long in midline; basal margin of elytra strongly bisinuate (Fig. 111); aedeagus (Fig. 174)........................................................................................ M. goerlingi sp. n.</p><p>- Vertex slightly narrower, about three-fifths or less width of head across eyes when viewed from above................. 31</p><p>31 Pronotum less transverse, 1.37–1.50 times as wide at base as long in midline; basal margin of elytra weakly bisinuate (Fig. 110); aedeagus fairly short, the parameres strongly constricted near the base and just before the apical setae-bearing part (Fig. 173)..................................................................................... M. janae sp. n.</p><p>- Pronotum more transverse, 1.56–1.73 times as wide at base as long in midline; basal margin of elytra strongly bisinuate (Fig. 109); aedeagus elongate, the parameres not strongly constricted near the base or before the apical setae-bearing part (Fig. 175)....................................................................................... M. powelli sp. n.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF95FF9BFF121777C2F349C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF9BFF98FF121783C6A84B53.text	03E48790FF9BFF98FF121783C6A84B53.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis acutula Levey 2012	<div><p>M. acutula sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 108, 171, 217)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Wurarga, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.48333/lat -28.4)">Marloo</a> sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (ZMHB) W. Australien, Marloo Station, Wurarga, 1938, A. Goerling, S.G. Marloo Stn ., Paratypes as follows: 1♂ (ZMHB), same data as Holotype; 2♀ (ANIC) Wurarga, W.A., 1931–1941, A. Goerling .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 12.5–15.3 mm.; head and pronotum brownish- or greenish-bronze with reddish-violet or violet reflections; elytra deep purple, with the following coppery or golden markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter; a humeral vitta of about the same length which does not reach the basal margin of the elytra; a sinuate median fascia strongly narrowed or almost broken into two maculae at the middle; a roughly obovate pre-apical macula; underside brownish-bronze, sometimes with reddish-purple reflections; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex densely punctured with fairly large round to ovate punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the rest of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny except on the frontoclypeus which is sometimes weakly microreticulate; clypeal excision rather shallow, U- to V-shaped, with an unpunctured shiny to weakly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks almost right angled; vertex flat, about two-thirds width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to moderately convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of each segment quadrate in ♂, more or less triangular in ♀.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.53–1.69 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin scarcely produced at the centre in ♂, with a moderately developed broad median lobe in ♀; posterior margin bisinuate; almost as wide at posterior angles as at mid-length; lateral margins almost parallel for a short distance in front of posterior angles before very weakly diverging to mid-length, then moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half complete; punctation in ♂ sparse in central fifth, consisting of small round puncture, in ♀ consisting of pin-prick punctures, punctation becoming progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; with or without traces of an unpunctured midline in posterior half; shiny; moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: very slightly transverse, slightly wider distally, the lateral margins straight or weakly curved, about one-eleventh to one-thirteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.33–2.46 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin weakly bisinuate; very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities; thence almost parallel sided to the mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with moderately coarse acute serrations; sutural margin slightly raised in apical half; rather uniformly punctured, but with traces of two or three costate intervals in the inner two-thirds; internal of the first costate interval, sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; external to the first costate interval the punctures become larger and dense, to very dense near the lateral margin, where they become ovate and form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with moderately large, shallow, ovate punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a well defined bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process moderately strongly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small punctures, with a line of slightly larger punctures near the lateral margin; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: very densely punctured, with moderately large, shallow, ovate punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: with the lunate punctures coalescent, their rims forming weak ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin; ♂ excision shallow almost three times as wide as deep (very similar to that of M. flexa sp. n. (Fig. 207)); ♀ excision fairly deep, not much wider than deep (Fig. 217); lateral spines scarcely developed; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 171): median lobe with an acute apex.</p><p>Ovipositor: not examined.</p><p>Comments: This species is morphologically similar to specimens lacking the dorso-ventral flexure of the elytra that I excluded from the type series of M. flexa . It is possible that M. acutula is just a colour variant with reddish-copper elytral markings, not blue. However this type of colour variation is not seen in other species of the formosa species-group, and the configuration of the elytral markings is somewhat different, the humeral vitta not reaching the basal margin of the elytra as it does in the above mentioned specimens and in the type series of M. flexa . M. acutula shares with M. flexa the acute apex to the median lobe of the aedeagus.</p><p>Etymology. The name comes from the acute apex of the median lobe of the aedeagus.</p><p>Bionomics. Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF9BFF98FF121783C6A84B53	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF98FF99FF12150DC2E14AA6.text	03E48790FF98FF99FF12150DC2E14AA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis amoena Levey 2012	<div><p>M. amoena sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 96, 97, 179, 196, 197, 198)</p><p>Type locality: W. Australia, 54 km. S. of Menzies .</p><p>Type specimens. Holotype ♂ (WAMA), 54 Km S. of Menzies / W.A. 29 jan.1992 / T.M.S. Hanlon / on Acacia leaves// . Paratypes: 2 ♀ same data as Holotype (TMSHC, CLBC); 5♂, 6♀ (ASC), 50.5 km SSE of Menzies, WA, - 30 08 16.50, 121 09 09.00, 6.ii.2007, on thin-leaved Acacia sp., A. Sundholm, D. Knowles ; 1♂, 1♀ (TMSHC) 54 Km S. of Menzies W.A., 17 February 2006, M. Powell, on Acacia leaves ; 1♂ (CLBC) 1k E. Youan Mi, W.A., Acacia / 27-1-92, Golding Powell/ 15/ (18) 420.1; 1♀ (TMSHC) Youanmi, W.A., 27 Jan. 1992, T.M.S. Hanlon, on Acacia leaves ; 3♂, 2♀ (MPC, NMWC) Youanmi, W.A., 4 February 1989, M. Powell &amp; M. Golding, on Acacia leaves; 1 ♀ (TMSHC) 18 km N.W. of lake Barlee, W.A., 27 Jan. 1992, T.M.S. Hanlon, on Senna (?) leaves ; 1 ♀ Kitchener, Jan. 1939 W.A. F.E. Wilson / Melobasis ? sp. n./ F.E. Wilson Collection // (MVMA) ;</p><p>Other specimens examined. 1 ♀ Youanmi / 27 Jan. 1992 / T.M.S. Hanlon / on Acacia leaves (TMSHC) ; 1 ♀ I km E. Youanmi / W.A. Acacia // 27.1.92/ Golding Powell // 18420.1// 15// (CLBC). I have excluded these specimens from the paratype series because the pronotal shape is rather different from the type series. They may be females of an undescribed species .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 10.4–12.3 mm; head, pronotum and underside brownish- to blackishbronze; elytra blue-green or violet-blue with the following reddish-copper to golden-green markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter, sometimes joined along the basal margin to a humeral vitta of about the same length, a sinuate median fascia which almost reaches the lateral margin, a large almost obovate pre-apical macula; underside densely clothed with short silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with small, fairly deep round punctures which sometimes coalesce to form short linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the vertex; densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny; clypeal excision shallow, U-shaped, with a complete unpunctured weakly microreticulate border; lower half of vertex sometimes with a large very shallow depression at centre; clypeal peaks slightly acutely to moderately obtusely angled; vertex almost flat, slightly less than half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to moderately convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively slightly smaller and less elongate; the expanded part of segment 4–10 more or less triangular in ♀, in ♂ 4 is triangular and 5–10 more or less quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.50–1.54 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin moderately strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin bisinuate; widest in front of mid-length; lateral margins weakly curvilinearly diverging from the posterior angles to widest point then strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about two-thirds complete; punctation very dense in central third, consisting of small round punctures, which become slightly larger and more dense towards the lateral margin; with a very narrow partial to almost complete unpunctured midline; weakly microreticulate; fairly densely clothed with short silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: almost quadrate, about one-twelfth width of elytra at base; microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: 2.17–2.23 times as long as wide at base; basal margin moderately strongly biarcuate; slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with fairly coarse acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margin slightly raised in apical third; inner half with three or four partially developed costate intervals; the punctation between the costate intervals not arranged in regular longitudinal series; punctation on the costate intervals sparse, dense to very dense between the intervals; punctation in the outer half very dense to almost contiguous over the coloured fasciae and maculae; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large, shallow, round punctures, partly obscured by dense short silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process parallel sided, densely to very densely punctured with small, strong round punctures, without a groove or line of partly coalescent punctures near the unpunctured lateral margin; sparsely to densely clothed with short silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: very densely punctured, with fairly small, shallow, variably shaped punctures; partly obscured by silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: whole surface, except sometimes medially, very densely punctured with coalescent lunate punctures forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin, but turning inwards towards the midline distally; ♂ excision 4 to5 times wider than deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, the spines only slightly developed (Fig. 196); ♀ excision 2 to 6 times as wide as deep, spines absent (Figs. 197, 198); distal margin of flange straight in both sexes.</p><p>Tarsal claws: gradually widening at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 179): apex of median lobe broadly rounded.</p><p>Ovipositor: about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. This species is unlikely to be confused with any other described species except possibly M. burnsi sp. n., however the punctation of the prosternal process is much less dense and the pronotal shape is very different in M. burnsi .</p><p>Etymology. This species is named for its pleasing appearance.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected in January and February from Acacia (Fabaceae) leaves. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF98FF99FF12150DC2E14AA6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF9EFF9FFF1213CBC3EF4D80.text	03E48790FF9EFF9FFF1213CBC3EF4D80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis brevis Levey 2012	<div><p>M. brevis sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 98, 166, 213)</p><p>Type locality: W. Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.48333/lat -28.4)">Wurarga</a>, Marloo sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E) .</p><p>Type specimen examined. Holotype ♂ (WAMA): 37–4496/7 Wurarga/ M. marlooensis /. My determination label . Paratypes as follows. Western Australia: 4 ♀ (NMWC, TMSHC) Canegrass, 20.1.1937, on Acacia [ex. H.W. Brown coll.]</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 10.5–12.0 mm; head brownish-bronze; pronotum brownish-bronze with an indigo reflection laterally; elytra yellowish-bronze with the apices reddish-purple, some of the specimens from Canegrass have faint indications of a red humeral vitta, sutural vitta and a small median macula; underside brownish-bronze with a reddish-purple reflections laterally; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex moderately densely punctured with small almost round punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form short linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision shallow, U-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks slightly obtusely angled; vertex flat, slightly less than half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of each segment more or less quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.62–1.77 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin moderately strongly bisinuate, with a very broad truncated median lobe; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at posterior angles; lateral margins slightly convergent for a short distance in front of the posterior angles before very slightly diverging to just beyond mid-length, then weakly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide or very slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, about two-thirds to three-quarters complete; punctation moderately dense in central half, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; with a narrow almost complete unpunctured midline; very weakly microreticulate with very tiny pin-prick punctures visible at high magnification between the large punctures; fairly densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: almost quadrate, about one-tenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 1.98–2.06 times as long as wide at base; basal margin moderately strongly biarcuate; very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to the mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with fairly coarse acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margin slightly raised in apical third; rather uniformly punctured but with traces of one or two costate intervals in the inner half; punctation in the inner half moderately dense, the punctures small and round, becoming denser, larger and slightly ovate laterally; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large, shallow, lunate punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: without a bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening distally, very sparsely punctured with pin-prick punctures, with a line of slightly larger punctures near the unpunctured lateral margin; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: very densely punctured, with fairly small, shallow, variably shaped punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 213): with the lunate punctures coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin over most of the surface, but turned in towards the midline distally; excision fairly deep, wider than deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, the spines strongly developed, as long as the depth of the flange in both sexes.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 166): apex of median lobe obtusely pointed.</p><p>Comments. This species is closely related to M. burnsi sp. n. and it is possible it is only a form of that species which lacks distinct elytral markings. The aedeagus is very similar, but slightly different. Only more males will resolve this problem.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named from its relatively broad and short form.</p><p>Bionomics. Adult collected in January on Acacia (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF9EFF9FFF1213CBC3EF4D80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF9FFF9CFF12127BC6F8495B.text	03E48790FF9FFF9CFF12127BC6F8495B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis brittoni Levey 2012	<div><p>M. brittoni sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 106, 169, 203)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Wurarga, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.48333/lat -28.4)">Marloo</a> sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (ANIC) Marloo Stn., Wurarga, W.A. 1931–1941 A. Goerling./ HOLOTYPE Melobasis brittoni sp. n. ♂ B. Levey 2010. Paratypes as follows. Western Australia: 11 ♂, 6 ♀ (ANIC, NMWC) same data as Holotype; 2 ♂ (ANIC) Wurarga W.A. Goerling; 2 ♂, 1♀ (BMNH) Wurarga W.A., A. Goerling, 10.36, 1939-140; 3 ♂, 1♀ (ZMHB) W. Australien, Marloo Station, Wurarga, 1938, A. Goerling S.G.; 2 ♂ (SAMA) Ankertell W.A., H.W. Brown/ Co-Type HJC/ J. 15349, Melobasis septemplagiata Cart., W. Australia, Co type/ M. septemplagiata Cart. id by H.J. Carter; 1♀ (WAMA) Cue W.A., H.W. Brown/ M. septemplagiata Cart. / du Boulay coll./ 72-507; 1 ♂ (WAMA) Cue W.A., H.W. Brown/ M. septemplagiata / du Boulay coll./ 72-506/ Comp. with ♂ from S. Aust. Mus. labelled Holotype M. septemplagiata Cart. B. Levey det. 1974; 1 ♀ (TMSHC) 62 km E. of Yalgoo WA, T.M.S. Hanlon, 4 September 2008, on fine leaf Acacia;; 1 ♂ (MPC) 35km N. of Byro Hmstd. WA, Acacia lvs. 29/09/04, M. Powell/ D. Knowles.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.3–10.4 mm; head and pronotum brownish-, greenish- or black-bronze, the central half of the pronotum and the head usually with extensive blue and purple reflections; elytra brownishcopper to reddish-purple with the apices more or less extensively suffused with a reddish-violet or violet colour, with the following silvery-blue, silvery-green or pinkish-copper, markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter, sometimes joined to the humeral vitta along the basal margin and extending onto the epipleura to the level of the posterior coxa; a humeral vitta of the same length or slightly shorter; a sinuate median transverse fascia which is sometimes joined to the sutural vitta; a roughly obovate pre-apical macula; underside brownish- or greenishbronze; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex densely punctured with fairly large round to ovate punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely to densely clothed with long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to weakly microreticulate; clypeal excision rather shallow to moderately deep, U-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly to strongly microreticulate border, sometimes only well developed at centre of excision; clypeal peaks slightly acute to obtuse; vertex flat, slightly more than half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to moderately strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of each segment more or less quadrate in ♂, that of segment 4 and sometimes 5 more or less triangular in ♀, the rest more or less quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.48–1.58 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at or near mid-length; lateral margins almost parallel for a short distance in front of posterior angles before diverging to widest point, or weakly diverging to widest point from posterior angles, thence moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation sparse in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; usually with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: quadrate to slightly elongate; weakly microsculptured; about one-thirteenth to one-sixteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.50–2.70 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin weakly to moderately strongly bisinuate; slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities; thence almost parallel sided or very slightly rectilinearly widening to the mid-length, before narrowing to the very slightly attenuated rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with moderately coarse acute serrations; sutural margin strongly raised in apical half; inner half external of the subsutural depression often with at least traces of three costate intervals, the costate interval adjacent to the subsutural depression being better defined; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; punctation lateral to the first costate interval consisting of larger denser punctures which become progressively denser, larger and more ovate towards the lateral margin, where they form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely to contiguously punctured with moderately large, shallow, ovate and round punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a well defined bead at the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small round or pin-prick punctures, with an irregular line of larger punctures near the lateral margin, and a line of partly coalescent punctures, sometimes forming a groove, next to the unpunctured lateral margin; glabrous or with a few setae near the margin.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: moderately densely to densely punctured, with large, shallow, round and ovate punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: with the lunate punctures coalescent near the lateral margin, but not forming well defined ridges; excision fairly deep, in ♂ about one and a half times as wide as deep, the lateral spines moderately developed, but not as long as depth of the flange (Fig. 203); in ♀ excision about twice as wide as deep, the spines shorter; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 169): elongate with a marked dorsal flexure.</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. This species is similar to M. septemplagiata Carter, the pronotal shape and the aedeagus being the main diagnostic features distinguishing the two species. See comments under M. septemplagiata Carter for other differences.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after the late E. B. Britton who facilitated my visit to the museums in Australia in 1974, when I embarked upon this revision.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected in September and October. Adults collected on leaves of Acacia sp. (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF9FFF9CFF12127BC6F8495B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF9CFF9DFF121738C6684BC3.text	03E48790FF9CFF9DFF121738C6684BC3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis burnsi Levey 2012	<div><p>M. burnsi sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 100, 101, 164, 200, 201)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, 58 km S. of Menzies .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (WAMA) 58 K. S. Menzies W.A. Acacia // 29-1-92/ Golding Powell. 10 Paratypes as follows. Western Australia: 4 ♂, 3 ♀ (NMWC, TMSHC) 26 Km S. of Menzies, 9–11 February 2006, M. Hanlon &amp; M. Powell, on Acacia leaves. 1 ♀ (TMSHC) 45 Km N. of Kalgoorlie, 25 January 2003, T.M.S. Hanlon, on Acacia sp. leaves. 1 ♀ (TMSHC) Canegrass, 20 Jan. 1937, H.W. Brown, on Acacia . 1♀ (MPC) 5 km E. of Kalgoorlie W.A., 9 February 2006, M. Hanlon &amp; M. Powell, on Senna leaves. Victoria: 1 ♀ (NMWC), 210/ G.G. Burns, 36 kms. N.N.W. of Manangatang, 6-1-1981. VIC. New South Wales: 1♀ (?) (ASC), 6 km W of Euabalong West, NSW, -33 03 21.00, 146 19 46.00, 17.i.1987, on Acacia sp., A. Sundholm, J. Bugeja.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.8–11.9 mm; head and pronotum brownish-, greenish- or blackishbronze; elytra deep lilac, deep reddish-purple, pinkish- or brownish-copper, with the following coppery, goldengreen or green markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter, sometimes extending along the basal margin, and the basal half of the epipleura; a humeral vitta of the same length or slightly shorter, which may extend narrowly along the basal margin and the lateral margin opposite the humeral callosity; a sinuate median fascia; a roughly obovate pre-apical macula, which sometimes extends basally to nearly fuse with the median fascia; underside brownish- or greenish-bronze; lateral parts of underside densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex moderately densely punctured with small round punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form short linear series orientated dorsoventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to weakly microretriculate, however, sometimes strongly microreticulate on the frontoclypeus; clypeal excision fairly deep, U-shaped, with an unpunctured strongly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks acutely angled; vertex flat, about half to slightly more than half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of each segment more or less quadrate in ♂, in ♀ segment 4, 5 and sometimes 6 more or less triangular, the rest slightly more quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.62–1.74 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin weakly bisinuate, with a slightly developed broad often strongly truncated median lobe (sometimes the median lobe is not developed, and the anterior margin between the eyes is straight); posterior margin bisinuate; widest at posterior angles or at least as wide at posterior angles as at mid-length; lateral margins almost parallel or slightly convergent to mid-length, (sometimes slightly sinuate in front of the posterior angles), thence weakly to moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as, to markedly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, about half to four-fifths complete; punctation moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; with a complete or incomplete unpunctured midline; shiny or weakly microreticulate; moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: shield-shaped or slightly transverse quadrate, about one-eleventh to one-twelfth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 1.96–2.19 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin moderately strongly bisinuate to biarcuate; parallel sided or very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to the mid-length, before narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with coarse acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margin slightly raised in apical half; rather uniformly punctured but with traces of one or two costate intervals in the inner half; internal of the first costate interval, moderately densely punctured with very small round punctures; external to the first costate interval the punctures become larger and dense, to very dense near the lateral margin, where they become ovate and form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large, shallow, lunate punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: without a well defined bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process moderately strongly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small punctures, with a few slightly larger punctures near the lateral margin; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely punctured, with moderately large, shallow, semi-lunate punctures; mostly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: with the lunate punctures coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin over most of the surface, but turned in towards the midline distally; in ♂ excision deep, slightly wider than deep; distal margin of the flange straight, the spines strongly developed, slightly shorter or as long as the width of the flange (Fig. 200); in ♀ excision is slightly less wide and the spines slightly shorter (Fig. 201).</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 164).</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as wide as long.</p><p>Comments. This species is very similar to M. brevis sp. n. The lack of distinct elytral markings and the slight difference in the form of the aedeagus in M. brevis being the only significant differences I have found. It is possible they are only variations of one very variable species.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after the late Gordon Burns.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected in January and February. Adults found on Acacia and Senna leaves. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF9CFF9DFF121738C6684BC3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FF9DFFA3FF1215BAC4B14F68.text	03E48790FF9DFFA3FF1215BAC4B14F68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis caudata Carter, B. Levey 1923	<div><p>M. caudata Carter</p><p>(Figs. 9, 114, 178)</p><p>Melobasis caudata Carter 1923:80, 96; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:428; Bellamy 2002:147; 2008:1317. Type locality: Western Australia, Ankertell.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Lectotype ♂, (here designated), (MVMA), Ankertell W.A. H.W. Brown / Melobasis caudata Carter Id. by H.J. Carter / Type H.J.C. / Type / LECTOTYPE Melobasis caudata Carter, B. Levey det.</p><p>Paralectotypes as follows: 1♀, (MVMA), mounted on same card as Lectotype; 2 unsexed, (MVMA), Ankertell, W.A., H.W. Brown; 4 unsexed, (SAMA), Ankertell, W.A., H.W. Brown/ Melobasis caudata Carter, Id. by H.J. Carter, Cotypes/ Melobasis caudata Cart., W. Australia, Cotype; 1 unsexed, (SAMA), Cue, W.A., H.W. Brown/ Melobasis caudata Carter, Id. by H.J. Carter, Cotype/ Melobasis caudata Cart., W. Australia, Cotype.</p><p>Other material examined. Western Australia: Ankertell; Cue; Marloo Stn., Wurarga; Meekatharra–Billiluna Pool, Canning Stock Route, Well 8; Milly Milly Stn. Specimens examined from AMSA, ANIC, SAMA, WAMA.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.0– 13.2 mm; head and pronotum greenish-, blackish- or brownishbronze, sometimes pronotum and upper part of vertex at centre with a blue green reflection; elytra greenish- or yellowish-copper, with the epipleura from just distal of the humeral callosity to the apex, the lateral margins in apical half, the apices, the sutural margins and sometimes the subsutural depression in the apical two-thirds blackish-lilac or violet; sometimes the lilac or violet colour of the subsutural depression is produced obliquely towards the base away from the suture; the humeral callosity and surrounding area is also sometimes marked with blackish-lilac or blue; underside greenish- or brownish-bronze with coppery or reddish-purple reflections; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: moderately densely punctured with fairly small mostly elliptical punctures which coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely clothed with long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision shallow, Ushaped to moderately deep V-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly to strongly microreticulate border which is sometimes only developed at centre; clypeal peaks acute to right angled; vertex flat, three-fifths to two-thirds the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to moderately strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, in ♂ the expanded part of the segments is quadrate, in ♀ the expanded part of segments 4 is more or less triangular, segments 5–10 more or less quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.52–1.63 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin bisinuate, with a shallowly produced broad median lobe, which is sometimes scarcely produced and then the margin is almost straight at the centre; anterior beaded margin narrow sometimes missing at the centre; posterior margin bisinuate; widest behind mid-length; lateral margins usually slightly divergent from posterior angles to widest point, sometimes as wide at posterior angles as at mid-length, and margins sinuate slightly in front of posterior angles; moderately strongly curvilinearly convergent from widest point to the anterior angles; as wide as or very slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about two-thirds to three-quarters complete; punctation sparse to moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; usually with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; sparsely to moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence which is confined to the lateral half of the pronotum.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate to slightly elongate; shiny or weakly microsculptured; about one-ninth to one-twelfth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.29–2.69 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin strongly biarcuate to biangulate; very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence parallel sided to mid-length, before narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins from somewhat beyond mid-length and apices with fairly strong acute serrations; sutural margin strongly raised in apical half; each elytron with a slightly developed, to well developed costa next to the subsutural depression, sometimes with indications of one or two less well defined costae lateral to the first costa; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; punctation lateral to the first costate interval consisting of larger denser punctures which become progressively denser, larger and more ovate towards the lateral margin, where they form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large, shallow lunate punctures, partly obscured by moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin; the area behind the anterior margin sometimes swollen on either side, with the central area just anterior to the prosternal process relatively depressed; prosternal process strongly widening behind the fore coxae, very sparsely to sparsely punctured with small round or pin-prick punctures, without a groove or line of coalescent punctures near the lateral margin; glabrous, or with very sparse very short inconspicuous pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: very densely to contiguously punctured, with moderately large, shallow, lunate punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 9): with lunate punctures near the lateral margin coalescent, forming grooves parallel to the lateral margin; excision about three to five times as wide as deep; the lateral spines moderately developed; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 178).</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. This species is most likely to be mistaken for specimens of M. septemplagiata Carter which can be almost identical in colour and habitus, however in M. septemplagiata the prosternal process has a well defined groove or line of coalescent puncture close to the lateral margin which is absent in M. caudata and the prosternal process is only slightly gradually widening apically, not strongly rather abruptly widening apically as it is in M. caudata .</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been collected in July. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FF9DFFA3FF1215BAC4B14F68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFA3FFA0FF1211D9C4E04EB8.text	03E48790FFA3FFA0FF1211D9C4E04EB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis dividua Levey 2012	<div><p>M. dividua sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 23, 24, 104, 105, 167)</p><p>Type locality: W. Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.48333/lat -28.4)">Wurarga</a>, Marloo sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (ANIC), Marloo Stn. Wurarga, W.A. 1931–1941 A. Goerling / HOLOTYPE Melobasis dividua sp. n. B. Levey det.; 13 Paratypes as follows. Western Australia: 1♂, 10♀ (ANIC, BMNH, WAMA) same data as Holotype; 1♀ (IRSNB) Wurarga, 27.1.1938, C. Deuquet; Queensland: 1♀ (IRSNB) Mackay Dec. Ex. coll. Deuquet (undoubtedly wrongly labelled) .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 10.1–12.5 mm.; head and pronotum dark greenish-bronze with reddishpurple or violet reflections; elytra brownish-copper with the following blue or violet markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter; a humeral vitta of about the same length, which extends narrowly along the basal margin to the epipleura which is similarly coloured for its basal quarter; rarely the humeral vitta is joined to the sutural vitta along the basal margin; a pair of median maculae which are sometimes narrowly joined to form a sinuate transverse fascia; an elongate roughly obovate pre-apical macula; underside brownish-bronze sometimes with reddish-purple reflections; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex moderately densely punctured with small ovate punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form short linear series orientated dorsoventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision fairly deep, U-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly to strongly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks slightly obtusely angled; vertex flat, about two-thirds width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of each segment more or less quadrate in ♂, that of segment 4 and sometimes 5 more or less triangular in ♀, the rest more or less quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.52–1.73 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin weakly bisinuate, with a broad often strongly truncated median lobe; posterior margin bisinuate; widest behind, at or in front of mid-length; lateral margins weakly rectilinearly diverging from the posterior angles to widest point, sometimes slightly sinuate near posterior angles, thence weakly to moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or notably narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, about half to twothirds complete; punctation moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; without or with a narrow almost complete unpunctured midline; shiny to weakly microreticulate; moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: variable in shape, almost round, ovate to quadrate, about one-eleventh to one-twelfth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.25–2.39 times as long as wide at base; basal margin moderately strongly bisinuate to biarcuate; parallel sided or very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to the mid-length, before narrowing to the narrow or broadly rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with fairly coarse acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margin slightly raised in apical half; rather uniformly punctured, but with traces of one two costate intervals in the inner half; internal of the first costate interval, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with very small round punctures; external to the first costate interval the punctures become larger and dense, to very dense near the lateral margin, where they become ovate and form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large, shallow, lunate punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process strongly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small punctures, with a line of slightly larger punctures near the lateral margin, which are sometimes partly coalescent near the base; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely to very densely punctured, with moderately large, shallow, mostly semi lunate punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: with the lunate punctures coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin over most of the surface, but turned in towards the midline distally; excision fairly deep, much wider than deep in ♂ (Fig. 23), as wide or slightly wider than deep in the ♀ (Fig. 24); distal margin of the flange straight, the spines slightly developed, shorter than the depth of the flange.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 167).</p><p>Ovipositor: short, slightly longer than wide.</p><p>Comments. This species is unlikely to be confused with any other. The overall shape and elytral markings are most similar to M. brittoni sp. n., however in that species the apical sternite does not have lunate punctures forming grooves that turn in towards the midline distally, and the aedeagus is different.</p><p>Etymology. The name comes from the division of the median fascia of the elytra into two maculae in many specimens.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected in January. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFA3FFA0FF1211D9C4E04EB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFA0FFA1FF121763C2F348C8.text	03E48790FFA0FFA1FF121763C2F348C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis flavoaenea Levey 2012	<div><p>M. flavoaenea sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 112, 202)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, 11 km S. of Billabong Roadhouse (26 o 54 / 51 // S 114 o 39 / 10 // E) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♀ (WAMA), 11 km S. of Billabong Roadhouse, W.A. M. Powell, 11 Sep. 1998. On Acacia ramulosa / HOLOTYPE ♀ Melobasis flavoaenea sp. n. B. Levey 2010. Paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 2♀ (MPC) 11 km S. of Billabong Roadhouse, W.A., K. Kershaw &amp; M. Powell, 1 Sep. 1995. On Acacia ramulosa .</p><p>Description based on female. Male unknown.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 12.9–15.7 mm; head and pronotum blackish-bronze; elytra blue-black with violet reflections, with the following yellow-brown bronze markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter; a broad humeral vitta of the same length; a broad median fascia not quite reaching the lateral margin or the suture, closely approaching and sometimes joined to the sutural and humeral vittae; a large broad elongate pre-apical macula sometimes joined to the median fascia; underside brownish-bronze; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex densely punctured with fairly large round to ovate punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which often coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the vertex and sometimes also on the frontoclypeus; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas weakly microreticulate except on the frontoclypeus which is strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision moderately deep U-shaped, with an unpunctured strongly microreticulate border confined to the central part of the excision; clypeal peaks slightly obtuse to right angled; vertex flat, nearly threequarters width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes very weakly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded portion of each segment more or less triangular.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.62–1.70 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin weakly bisinuate, with a rather weakly developed broad median lobe; posterior margin rather strongly bisinuate; almost as wide as or slightly narrower at posterior angles as at mid-length; lateral margins almost parallel or slightly divergent in front of posterior angles to mid-length, then weakly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation sparse in central fifth, consisting mainly of pin-prick punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; without an unpunctured median line, but with a poorly defined unpunctured transversely ovate area on either side of the midline in the anterior third; shiny; moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: almost quadrate to slightly elongate, about one-eleventh width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.10–2.30 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin moderately strongly bisinuate; very slightly widened from the base over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to the mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with moderately coarse acute serrations; sutural margin slightly raised in apical half; rather uniformly punctured, but with a well defined costate interval lateral to the subsutural depression and traces of one or two others; punctation between suture and first costate interval sparse, consisting of tiny round and pin-prick punctures; lateral to the first costate interval the punctures become larger and dense, to very dense near the lateral margin, where they sometimes form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with large, shallow, ovate punctures, partly obscured by dense, long, silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a well defined bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process parallel sided or slightly widening distally, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with pin-prick or small round punctures, with a line of larger partly coalescent punctures near the lateral margin; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: contiguously punctured with large, shallow ovate punctures, partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 202): with the lunate punctures coalescent over much of the surface, their rims forming well marked ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin; excision fairly deep, not much wider than deep; lateral spines only slightly developed; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Ovipositor: slightly longer than wide.</p><p>Comments: This species is distinctive by virtue of its elytral colour pattern. However if specimens were found in which the elytral markings became fused and enlarged they would resemble those of some specimens of M. caudata Carter. However the latter species differs in the form of the excision of the apical sternite of the female (much wider than deep) and the lack of enlarged partly coalescent punctures close to the lateral edge of the prosternal process.</p><p>Etymology. The name comes from the yellow bronze markings on the elytra.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected in September from Acacia ramulosa W. Fitzg. (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFA0FFA1FF121763C2F348C8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFA1FFA7FF1216B9C6A84F98.text	03E48790FFA1FFA7FF1216B9C6A84F98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis flexa Levey 2012	<div><p>M. flexa sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 119, 148, 170, 207, 208)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Wurarga, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.48333/lat -28.4)">Marloo</a> sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (ANIC), Marloo Stn., Wurarga, W.A. 1931–1941 A. Goerling / HOLOTYPE Melobasis flexa sp. n. B. Levey det. Paratypes as follows. Western Australia: 5♂, 13♀, (ANIC, IRSNB, NMWC), same data as Holotype; 2♀ same data as Holotype but 1938 (ZMHB); 1♂, 1♀, (ANIC, BMNH), Carnarvon, W.A., H.W. Brown ; 2♀, (TMSHC) Ankertell, W.A., H.W. Brown . 1♂ (ANIC) Southern Cross, W.A., H.W. Brown .</p><p>Other material examined. The following specimens were excluded from the paratype series because they do not show the flexure of the body, have less prolonged elytral apices and only one or two costate elytral intervals. They may be specimens of an undescribed species, however, the characters show gradation to those seen in the type series. (Also see comments under M. acutula sp. n.). Western Australia: 2♂, (BMNH), Bencubbin, 1930, Norris, on smoke bush ; 2♂, (MVMA), Bencubbin, W.A., 20,10.36, H.W. Brown, on Acacia signata; 1♀, (WAMA), Bruce Rock, 48-2968; 3♂, 1♀, (MVMA, WAMA), Burracoppin, W.A., 10.10.36, H.W. Brown; 1♂, 1♀, (IRSNB), Burracoppin, 20.11.35, H. Br., on Acacia signata; 2♀, (IRSNB), Dedari, 1.29; 1♂, (WAMA), Kukerin, 49-29; 2♀, (IRSNB), Pindar, x.1937; 2♀, (IRSNB), Wurarga, x.1937; 1♂, 2♀, (ANIC, NMWC), W.A., H.W. Brown, 18.10.37 . 1♀, (TMSHC) Monger’s Lake, 43 km E. of Perenjori, WA, M. Hanlon, 9 Nov. 2008 , dead in strandline. 3♂, (TMSHC) Wurarga, 6. 10. 1937 , on Acacia . 1♂ (TMSHC) Burracoppin .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 12.3–16.7 mm.; head and pronotum brownish- or greenish-bronze, the head sometimes with extensive blue and purple reflections; elytra with a marked dorso-ventral flexure when viewed from the side (Fig. 148); elytra brownish-copper to reddish-purple with the apices sometimes suffused with a reddish-violet or violet colour, with the following silvery-blue, silvery-green or violet, markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter, sometimes joined to the humeral vitta along the basal margin and extending onto the epipleura to the level of the hind coxa or narrowly along the lateral margin to join the median fascia; a humeral vitta of the same length or slightly shorter; a sinuate transverse median fascia which is sometimes joined to the sutural vitta; a roughly obovate pre-apical macula; underside brownish- or greenish-bronze; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex densely punctured with fairly large round to ovate punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely to densely clothed with long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision moderately deep to deep, Ushaped, with an unpunctured weakly to strongly microreticulate border, sometimes only slightly developed at centre of excision; clypeal peaks acute to obtuse; vertex flat, almost two-thirds the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to moderately strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of each segment more or less quadrate in ♂, in ♀ segment 4 is triangular, the rest more or less quadrate, or sometimes all segments more or less triangular.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.61–1.81 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, usually with a slightly developed very broad median lobe, however, sometimes the lobe is scarcely produced and the margin is almost straight at the centre; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at posterior angles or slightly wider at or in front of mid-length; lateral margins parallel for a short distance in front of posterior angles before slightly diverging to widest point, or almost parallel or very slightly divergent from posterior angles to widest point, thence slightly to moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or very slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation moderately dense to dense in central fifth, consisting of small round or transversely elliptical punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; usually with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline, and sometimes with an unpunctured transverse roughly ovate area on either side of the midline at the apical third; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; moderately densely clothed with long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate to slightly elongate; weakly microsculptured; about one-thirteenth to onesixteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.14–2.33 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin biangulate; parallel sided or very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities; thence almost parallel sided or slightly widening to slightly beyond mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; sometimes the lateral margins are slightly sinuate before the apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with moderately coarse acute serrations; sutural margin strongly raised in apical half; each elytron usually with two to four partly developed costae, sometimes the intervals between the costae are also subcostate, and the costae are then less evident; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; punctation lateral to the first costate interval consisting of larger denser punctures which become progressively denser, larger and more ovate towards the lateral margin, where they form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large, shallow, ovate and round punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a bead at the anterior margin, at almost the same level as the area behind; usually with slightly developed tubercules laterally, close to the beaded margin; prosternal process parallel sided or very slightly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small round punctures, with a line of larger punctures near the lateral margin which are partly coalescent; glabrous or with very sparse short silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely punctured, with moderately large shallow ovate and lunate punctures, partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: with the lunate punctures coalescent near the lateral margin, sometimes forming weak ridges parallel to the lateral margin; excision fairly deep, the lateral spines weakly developed, not as long as depth of flange; in ♂ excision wider than deep (Fig. 207), in ♀ variable, slightly wider than deep or about as wide as deep (Fig. 208); distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 170): with parameres abruptly narrowed before the setae-bearing apex. Apex of median lobe acute.</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. This species is most likely to be confused with M. brittoni sp. n. and M. acutula sp. n. which have similar elytral markings. The form of the aedeagus will distinguish it from the former species, and the colour and shape of the elytral markings from the latter species; the marked dorso-ventral flexure of the elytra will distinguish it from both these species.</p><p>Etymology. The name of the species comes from the marked dorso-ventral flexure of the elytra.</p><p>Bionomics. Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFA1FFA7FF1216B9C6A84F98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFA7FFA4FF121046C64D4B78.text	03E48790FFA7FFA4FF121046C64D4B78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis formosa Carter B. Levey 1923	<div><p>M. formosa Carter</p><p>(Figs. 102, 103, 165, 214, 215)</p><p>Melobasis formosa Carter 1923:99; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:430; Bellamy 2002:151; 2008:1321. Type locality: Western Australia, Southern Cross.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Lectotype ♂, (here designated), (SAMA), Southern Cross W.A. H.W. Brown / Melobasis formosa Carter Id. by H.J. Carter / LECTOTYPE Melobasis formosa Carter B. Levey det. Paralectotype ♀ (SAMA), mounted on same card as Lectotype.</p><p>Other specimens examined. Western Australia: Cue; Cunderdin; Dedari; Geraldton; Lake Grace; Southern Cross; Spencers Brook; Swan River; Marloo Stn., Wurarga; South Australia: Quorn; Queensland: Mackay (undoubtedly wrongly labelled). Specimens examined from ANIC, AMSA, BMNH, IRSNB, KEC, MVMA, NMWC, SAMA, UQA, WADA, WAMA, ZMHB.</p><p>I have examined a series of five specimens (3♂, 2♂) from 18 km S. of Cobar, N.S.W., 9 Jan. 2005, on fine leaf Acacia collected by Mark Hanlon that differ slightly in colour and markings from other M. formosa I have examined, and are from well outside the known distribution of the species. However, the aedeagus, the punctation and the shape of the apical sternite fall within the range of variation seen in M. formosa from W. Australia. These specimens may be representatives of a taxon deserving subspecific status, however, without further material from other localities, I do not think it is possible to decide if they represent a well defined subspecies or are just part of clinal variation in M. formosa .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 8.8–11.2 mm.; head and pronotum usually brownish-, greenish- or blackish-bronze, rarely greenish-blue; elytra usually deep purple or deep-reddish purple, rarely brownish-copper, with the following coppery, golden-green or green markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter (sometimes absent); a slightly shorter humeral vitta (sometimes reduced or absent), which may extend narrowly along the basal margin to the epipleura; a sinuate transverse fascia, which is sometimes reduced to a roughly ovate macula; a roughly obovate pre-apical macula (sometimes reduced or absent); underside brownish- or greenish-bronze, sometimes with reddish-purple or coppery reflections; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex moderately densely punctured with small round punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form short linear series orientated dorsoventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny or very weakly microretriculate; clypeal excision fairly deep, Ushaped, with an unpunctured shiny to weakly microreticulate border which is often confined to the middle of the excision; clypeal peaks slightly acutely angled; vertex flat to very slightly convex, about half to slightly more than half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of each segment more or less quadrate in ♂, in ♀ segment 4, 5 and sometimes 6 more or less triangular, the rest more or less quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.49–1.65 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin weakly bisinuate, with a slightly developed broad often strongly truncated median lobe; posterior margin bisinuate; widest behind, at or in front of mid-length; lateral margins weakly rectilinearly diverging from the posterior angles to widest point, (sometimes slightly sinuate near posterior angles), thence weakly to moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation sparse to moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; with a complete or incomplete unpunctured midline; shiny without microreticulate microsculpture; moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: variable in shape, almost round, ovate or quadrate, about one-fourteenth to one-seventeenth width of elytra at base; often with a puncture or dimple.</p><p>Elytra: 2.05–2.52 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin moderately strongly bisinuate to biarcuate; parallel sided or very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to the mid-length, before narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with coarse acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margin slightly raised in apical half; rather uniformly punctured but with traces of one, two or rarely three costate intervals in the inner twothirds; internal of the first costate interval, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with very small round punctures; external to the first costate interval the punctures become larger and dense, to very dense near the lateral margin, where they become ovate and form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large, shallow, lunate punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process moderately strongly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small punctures, with a few slightly larger punctures near the lateral margin; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely punctured, with moderately large, shallow, semi lunate punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: with the lunate punctures coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin over most of the surface, but turned in towards the midline distally; in ♂ excision not very deep, much wider than deep, distal margin of the flange straight, the spines moderately developed, slightly shorter or as long as the depth of the flange (Fig. 214); in ♀ excision and spines absent the sternite truncate in front of the flange (Fig. 215).</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 165).</p><p>Ovipositor: not examined.</p><p>Comments. This species is very variable. Specimens without or with much reduced elytral markings are likely to be confused with M. marlooensis Carter, however the aedaegus of M. marlooensis is much more elongate</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected November–March on Acacia spp. Adult cut out of Jam Tree [ Acacia sp. (Fabaceae)].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFA7FFA4FF121046C64D4B78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFA4FFAAFF121529C6F84C9B.text	03E48790FFA4FFAAFF121529C6F84C9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis goerlingi Levey 2012	<div><p>M. goerlingi sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 111, 174, 211, 212)</p><p>Type locality: W. Australia, Hines Hill .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (WAMA) Hines Hill W.A., T.M. Hanlon &amp; M. Powell, 20 October 2005, on Acacia leaves / HOLOTYPE Melobasis goerlingi sp. n. B. Levey 2010. Paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 1♂, 9♀, (ANIC, NMWC), Marloo Stn., Wurarga, W.A., 1931–1941, A. Goerling . 1♀, (BMNH) Wurarga W.A., 11-36 (Goerling) . 1♂, (SAMA), Wialki, W.A., Acacia coolgardiensis, 5.ix.59., S. Barker. 1 unsexed, (GBC), 19 mls West of Yalgoo, W.A. 21.9.80. G. Burns . 1♂, 1♀, (TMSHC) Monger’s Lake, 43 km E. of Perenjori, WA, M. Hanlon, 9 Nov. 2008, dead in strandline . 1♀ (TMSHC) 34 km. N. of Galena, W.A., 31 Aug. 2006, T.M. Hanlon, on Acacia leaves .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.5–10.8 mm; head and pronotum greenish- or black-bronze, often with extensive reddish-purple, green or blue reflections; elytra reddish- to bluish-violet, with the following golden or silvery or green markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter, sometimes joined to the humeral vitta along the basal margin; a humeral vitta of the same length or slightly shorter, which extends along the basal margin to the lateral edge and onto the epipleura up to the level of the hind coxa; also sometimes extending onto the lateral margin next to the humeral callosity; a slightly sinuate median transverse fascia which is sometimes joined to the sutural vitta; a roughly obovate pre-apical macula; underside of female brownish-bronze, male greenish-bronze, sometimes with reddish-purple reflections; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex moderately densely to densely punctured with small to fairly large round punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to weakly microreticulate; clypeal excision moderately deep U-shaped, with an unpunctured strongly microreticulate border only well developed at centre of excision; clypeal peaks slightly acute to right angled; vertex flat, two-thirds the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to moderately strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, in ♂ the expanded part of the segment 4 triangular or quadrate, the rest quadrate, in ♀ segments 4 and 5 triangular the rest becoming progressively slightly more quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.51–1.66 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, usually with a fairly well developed broad median lobe, but sometimes the lobe is scarcely produced and the margin is almost straight at the centre; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at or near mid-length; lateral margins almost parallel for a short distance in front of posterior angles before diverging to widest point, or weakly diverging to widest point from posterior angles, thence moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about two-thirds to three-quarters complete; punctation moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; usually with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; sparsely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: quadrate to slightly elongate; weakly microsculptured; about one-ninth to one-twelfth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.33–2.54 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin strongly bisinuate; slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities; thence almost parallel sided or very slightly rectilinearly widening to the midlength, before narrowing to the very slightly attenuated rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond midlength and apices with moderately coarse acute serrations; sutural margin strongly raised in apical half; inner half external of the subsutural depression often with at least traces of three adjacent costate intervals, the costate interval adjacent to the subsutural depression being better defined; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; punctation lateral to the first costate interval consisting of larger denser punctures which become progressively denser, larger and more ovate towards the lateral margin, where they form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely contiguously punctured with moderately large, shallow, ovate and round punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small round or pin-prick punctures, with an irregular line of larger punctures near the lateral margin, and a line of partly coalescent punctures, sometimes forming a groove, adjacent to the unpunctured lateral margin; glabrous or with a few setae near the margin.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely punctured, with large, shallow, round and ovate punctures; with very sparse long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: with the lunate punctures coalescent near the lateral margin, sometimes forming weak ridges parallel to the lateral margin; in ♂ excision slightly wider than deep (fig. 211), in ♀ excision about twice as wide as deep (Fig. 212); the lateral spines slightly developed, but not as long as depth of flange; distal margin of flange straight..</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 174).</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments: This species is most similar to M. janae sp. n. and M. powelli sp. n. The wider vertex, more transverse pronotum, more strongly bisinuate basal margin of the elytra and the form of the aedeagus will distinguish it from M. janae, and the wider vertex and the aedeagus will distinguish it from M. powelli .</p><p>Etymology: This species is named after the late H.E.A Goerling who collected a large number of the W. Australian species described in this revision.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been collected from late August to early November from Acacia (Fabaceae) leaves. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFA4FFAAFF121529C6F84C9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFAAFFABFF12114DC2FC4E08.text	03E48790FFAAFFABFF12114DC2FC4E08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis hanloni Levey 2012	<div><p>M. hanloni sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 7, 115)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, 13 km N. of Galena .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♀ (WAMA) 13 km N. of Galena, W.A. 30 Aug. 2008, TMS Hanlon. On Acacia branchlets / HOLOTYPE ♀ Melobasis hanloni sp. n. B. Levey 2010. Paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 1♀ (NMWC) 13 km N. of Galena, W.A. T.M.S. Hanlon, 1 September 2006, on Acacia leaves ; 1♀ (TMSHC) 13 km N. of Galena, W.A. T.M.S. Hanlon, 31 August 2006, TMS Hanlon. On Acacia leaves ; 1♀ (MPC) 13 km N. of Galena, W.A., August 31 2006, M. Powell &amp; D. Knowles, Acacia sp. leaves ; 1♀ (ASC), 13.5km N of Galena Bridge, WA, -27 43 12.30 114 40 17.00, 7. ix.2007, on outer stems of Acacia oldfieldi, A. Sundholm &amp; D. Knowles .</p><p>Description based on female. Male unknown.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 12.0– 13.4 mm; head dark bronze; pronotum dark bronze with a blackishgreen reflection; elytra blue-black with a violet reflection, with the following coppery or greenish-copper markings: a long sutural vitta in the basal half; a shorter humeral vitta extending about one-third the length of the elytra; a very oblique median fascia well separated from the suture and lateral margin, but almost joined to the humeral vitta; a large elongate pre-apical macula, sometimes almost joined to the median fascia; underside dark bronze; underside, except for central parts of prosternum, mesosternum, metasternum, prosternal process and centre of the two basal sternites rather densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper quarter of vertex moderately densely punctured with small round punctures; remainder of head densely to very densely punctured with larger ovate punctures which partly form dorso-ventrally orientated linear series on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; vertex with a variably developed unpunctured slightly raised carinate area in the midline; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny; clypeal excision shallow U-shaped, with a broad complete unpunctured very weakly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks slightly acute; vertex flat, slightly more than half the width of the head across the eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate; the expanded part of segments 4 and 5 more or less triangular, that of 6–10 more or less oblong.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.50–1.63 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin weakly bisinuate; almost as wide at posterior angles as at midlength; almost parallel sided in posterior quarter, thence very weakly widening to widest point, before weakly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; about as wide at base as elytra at base; lateral carina straight, about half complete; punctation in central fifth sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; with traces of an unpunctured median line; shiny; densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence in lateral quarter.</p><p>Scutellum: quadrate to slightly elongate, about one-fourteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.41–2.56 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin very weakly bisinuate; slightly widening from the base over the humeral callosities thence slightly widening to mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins behind mid-length and apices with moderately coarse acute serrations; sutural margins slightly raised in apical half; with slight indications of a costate interval lateral to the subsutural depression, and some short lengths of seriate punctation next to the costate interval; punctation of subsutural depression and internal half of elytra consisting of sparse tiny round punctures; punctation of external half of elytra consisting of dense to very dense ovate punctures, which form short transverse series near the lateral margin; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proeopisternum: densely to very densely punctured with fairly large round and ovate shallow punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly to moderately strongly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small punctures; with a groove formed of larger coalescent punctures near the lateral margin, extending along the entire length of the prosternal process; lateral margin of the prosternal process with sparse long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: sparsely to moderately densely punctured with lunate punctures, partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 7): lunate punctures partly coalescent, forming transverse series not longitudinal grooves; excision fairly deep, two or three times as wide as deep; flange completely filling the excision, lateral spines not developed; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Ovipositor: slightly wider than long.</p><p>Comments: This species is easily distinguished by the form of its elytral markings from all other species in the group. Its form is also relatively more elongate cylindrical than most other species in the formosa species-group.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after Mark Hanlon, the collector of this and many of the other new Australian Melobasis species.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected from August–September from Acacia (Fabaceae) leaves. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFAAFFABFF12114DC2FC4E08	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFABFFA8FF1210F3C54F4BE8.text	03E48790FFABFFA8FF1210F3C54F4BE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis janae Levey 2012	<div><p>M. janae sp. n</p><p>(Figs. 110, 173, 209, 210)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Wurarga, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.48333/lat -28.4)">Marloo</a> sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (ANIC), Marloo Stn. Wurarga W.A. 1931–1941 A. Goerling / HOLOTYPE Melobasis janae sp. n. B. Levey det. 24 paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 5♂, 4♀, (ANIC, NMWC), same data as Holotype; 2♀ (ZMHB) same data as Holotype but 1938; 1♀, (MVMA), Kellerberrin, W. Australia/ F.E. Wilson Coll.; 4♂, 1♀, (IRSNB, NMWC), Merredin, X., W.A., ex coll. C. Deuquet; 1♀, (GBC), 6 Mls. S.W. of Paynes Find, 11.10.80., G. Burns; 1♀ (ASC), 2.8 km N of Pinegrove Homestead, WA, -27 45 46.60, 115 39 49.70, 8.ix.2010, on leaves of large Acacia sp. shrub, A. Sundholm, D. Knowles; 1♀, (WAMA), 51-1794, Wialki; 1♂, 4♀ (TMSHC), No. 4 pump Merredin R / Melobasis, on broad leaf Acacia, Merredin No. 4 pumping station W.A., 24.9.1940 HWB [on underside of mounting card] .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 8.0–11.0 mm; head and pronotum steel-blue, turquoise-blue or blackishgreen, sometimes pronotum at centre with a violet reflection; elytra bluish-violet or reddish-violet, with the following yellow-green, golden or coppery markings: a sutural vitta in the basal fifth to quarter; a slightly shorter oblique humeral vitta internal to the humeral callosity, which extends laterally along the basal margin and along the lateral margin for a short distance, and is continued along the epipleura to the level of the hind coxa; a slightly sinuate transverse median fascia which extends from the outer edge of the substural depression, almost to the lateral margin; a roughly obovate to slightly transverse pre-apical macula; underside greenish- or brownishbronze; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: very densely to contiguously punctured with small round and elliptical punctures which sometimes coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision moderately deep, U-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly to strongly microreticulate border which is sometimes only developed at centre; clypeal peaks acute; vertex flat, three fifths the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately strongly to strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, in ♂ the expanded part of the segments is quadrate, in ♀ the expanded part of segments 4 and 5 are more or less triangular, segments 6–10 subquadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.37–1.50 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin bisinuate, with a shallowly produced broad median lobe, which is sometimes scarcely produced and the margin is almost straight at the centre; anterior beaded margin narrow, but well defined; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of the mid-length; lateral margins almost parallel for a short distance in front of posterior angles thence very slightly divergent to widest point, sometimes almost as wide at posterior angles as at widest point; moderately strongly curvilinearly convergent from widest point to the anterior angles; almost as wide as or slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation sparse to moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures and pin-prick punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; usually with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence which is confined to the lateral third of the pronotum.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately heart shaped to slightly transverse quadrate; shiny or weakly microsculptured; about one-tenth to one-thirteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.37–2.72 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin weakly bisinuate; very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities; just behind the humeral callosity the elytra often become very slightly constricted for a short distance before slightly widening to the mid-length, thence narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins from somewhat beyond mid-length and apices with strong acute serrations; sutural margin strongly raised in apical half; each elytron with a slightly developed costa next to the subsutural depression, sometimes with indications of a less well defined costa lateral to the first costa; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; punctation lateral to the first costate interval consisting of larger denser punctures which become progressively denser, larger and more ovate towards the lateral margin, where they form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely or contiguously punctured with moderately large, shallow round and ovate punctures, partly obscured by moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process almost parallel sided or slightly widening behind the fore coxae, very sparsely punctured with pin-prick punctures, with a groove formed from coalescent punctures near the lateral margin; glabrous, or with sparse setae near the lateral margin.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: very densely to contiguously punctured, with moderately large, shallow, lunate and round punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: with lunate punctures near the lateral margin contiguous, but not forming grooves parallel to the lateral margin; excision about two times as wide as deep in ♂ (Fig. 209), three to four times as wide as deep in ♀ (Fig. 210); the lateral spines slightly developed, shorter than the depth of the flange; distal margin of flange straight Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 173): parameres strongly constricted near base and immediately before the apical setae-bearing part.</p><p>Ovipositor: short, slightly wider than long.</p><p>Comments: This species is very similar in colour, elytral markings and general appearance to M. powelli sp. n., but can be distinguished by the form of the aedeagus, pronotal shape and other more minor differences (see comments under M. powelli). From M. goerlingi it is most easily distinguished by the form of the aedeagus and the narrower vertex.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after my wife Jan for all her support over the years.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been collected in September and October. Adults collected from broad leaved Acacia (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFABFFA8FF1210F3C54F4BE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFA8FFA9FF12145BC2024AB3.text	03E48790FFA8FFA9FF12145BC2024AB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis knowlesi Levey 2012	<div><p>M. knowlesi sp. n.</p><p>(Fig. 113)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, 29 km. W. of Coolgardie.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♀ (WAMA), 29 km. W. of Coolgardie, WA 20 Oct. 1986, D. Knowles, on Acacia leaves , HOLOTYPE Melobasis knowlesi sp. n. B. Levey det.</p><p>Paratype as follows: Western Australia: 1♀ (MPC) same data as Holotype .</p><p>Other material examined: 1♀ (MPC) 4 km. W. of Zanthus, WA 27 Jan. 1987, M. Powell, on Acacia leaves. I have not included this specimen in the type series because the ovipositor is more elongate and the elytral colour is slightly different to the type series, and may indicate that it belongs to another undescribed species .</p><p>Description based on the female only. Male unknown.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 12.0– 12.7 mm; head and pronotum black-bronze sometimes with a slight green reflection; elytra blue-black, with the following coppery markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter, a humeral vitta about two-thirds the length of the sutural vitta, which extends laterally along the basal margin and along the lateral margin and the epipleura to the level of the hind coxa; a slightly sinuate transverse median fascia which extends from the outer edge of the subsutural depression almost to the lateral margin; an elongate pre-apical macula, which is as long or slightly longer than the sutural vitta; underside dark brownish- or greenish-bronze; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex moderately densely to densely punctured with small to fairly large round punctures; remainder of head densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny; clypeal excision moderately deep, U-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly microreticulate border, only developed at centre of excision; clypeal peaks slightly acute to right angled; vertex flat, about three-fifths the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of segment 4 and sometimes 5 more or less triangular the rest slightly quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.52–1.54 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin weakly bisinuate, the median lobe is scarcely produced and the margin is almost straight at the centre; basal margin bisinuate; widest at or near mid-length; lateral margins almost parallel from posterior angles to mid-length, or weakly diverging to widest point from posterior angles, thence moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about three-quarters complete; punctation moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: quadrate to slightly elongate; weakly microsculptured; about one-twelfth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.40–2.42 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin strongly bisinuate; very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities; thence very slightly rectilinearly widening to the mid-length, before narrowing to the very slightly attenuated rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with moderately coarse acute serrations; sutural margin strongly raised in apical half; a slightly raised costate interval bordering the subsutural depression; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; punctation lateral to the costate interval consisting of larger denser punctures which become progressively denser and larger towards the lateral margin; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large, shallow, ovate and round punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process strongly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small round or pin-prick punctures, with a line of larger partly coalescent punctures near the lateral margin; glabrous or with a few setae near the margin.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely punctured, with large, shallow, round and ovate punctures; with moderately dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: with the lunate punctures coalescent near the lateral margin, forming strong ridges parallel to the lateral margin; excision about twice as wide as deep; the lateral spines slightly developed, but not as long as depth of flange; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments: This species is most similar to M. flavoaenea sp. n. and M. goerlingi sp. n. It differs from both in elytral markings and also in having a slightly narrower vertex, three-fifths the width of the head across they eyes instead of three-quarters and two-thirds respectively.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after David Knowles the collector of the type series.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been collected in October from Acacia (Fabaceae) leaves. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFA8FFA9FF12145BC2024AB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFAEFFAFFF1213CBC3E04CD3.text	03E48790FFAEFFAFFF1213CBC3E04CD3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis marlooensis Carter	<div><p>M. marlooensis Carter</p><p>(Figs. 8, 99, 168, 199)</p><p>Melobasis marlooensis Carter 1937: 124; 1939: 300; Bellamy 2002: 156; 2008: 1326. Type locality: W. Australia, Wurarga, Marloo sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E).</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (AMSA), Wurarga, W.A. A. Goerling / HOLOTYPE / HOLOTYPE / Melobasis marlooensis Carter Det. H.J. Carter. Allotype ♀ (ANIC), Allotype / Wurarga W.A. Goerling/ M. marlooensis Carter. Paratypes 2 ♂, 1 ♀ (BMNH), Wurarga W.A. Goerling .</p><p>Other specimens examined. Western Australia: Marloo Station, Wurarga, iv. 1935, A. Goerling. Specimens examined from ANIC, NMWC, ZMHB .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.3–13.9 mm; brownish-bronze, however, the head and elytra sometimes has a green reflection; the sutural and lateral margins of the elytra near the apex are sometimes reddish-purple; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with small, fairly deep round punctures which partly coalesce to form short linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the vertex; densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny; clypeal excision shallow, U-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly microreticulate border, sometimes only developed in the centre of the excision; clypeal peaks slightly acutely angled; vertex flat, slightly less than half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to moderately convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively slightly smaller and less elongate; in ♂ the expanded part of all segments more or less quadrate in ♀ the expanded part of segment 4 more or less triangular, 5–10 more or less quadrate,.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.47–1.64 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin with a scarcely developed median lobe, sometimes not developed at all; posterior margin weakly bisinuate; widest behind or in front of midlength; lateral margins very slightly diverging from posterior angles to widest point, thence slightly more strongly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or very slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight, about two-thirds complete; punctation moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; with a narrow partial to almost complete unpunctured midline; shiny or very weakly microreticulate, sometimes with very tiny pin-prick punctures visible at high magnification between the large punctures; fairly densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: almost quadrate to elongate rectangular, about one-twelfth to one-sixteenth width of elytra at base; microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: 2.03–2.35 times as long as wide at base; basal margin weakly bisinuate; not or very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with fairly coarse acute serrations, those at the apices being slightly smaller; sutural margin slightly raised in apical third; rather uniformly punctured, but with traces of one or two costate intervals in the inner half; punctation in the inner half moderately dense, the punctures small and round, becoming denser, slightly larger and transversely ovate laterally; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with moderately large, shallow, round to semi-lunate punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a fairly broad bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening distally, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small, round punctures, without a groove or line of coalescent punctures near the unpunctured lateral margin; glabrous or with very sparse short silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: very densely punctured, with fairly small, shallow, variably shaped punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: lunate punctures in lateral half coalescent, their rims forming ridges more or less parallel to the lateral margin in ♂, but turned inwards towards the midline distally in ♀; ♂ excision fairly shallow, wider than deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, the spines moderately developed (Fig. 199); ♀ excision and spines scarcely developed, distal margin broadly truncate (Fig. 8).</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 168): elongate; apex of median lobe obtusely pointed.</p><p>Ovipositor: not examined.</p><p>Comments: The lack of lateral spines on the apical sternite in the female, the form of the aedeagus and the less transverse pronotum will distinguish this species from M. brevis sp. n. Female M. formosa Carter specimens lacking elytral markings may not be easily separated from this species, however the aedeagus of M. formosa is less elongate.</p><p>Bionomics. A single adult has been collected in April [bred?]. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFAEFFAFFF1213CBC3E04CD3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFAFFFACFF121280C3964E63.text	03E48790FFAFFFACFF121280C3964E63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis meyricki Blackburn	<div><p>M. meyricki Blackburn</p><p>(Figs. 116, 177, 205)</p><p>Melobasis meyricki Blackburn 1887, p. 238; Kerremans 1892:105; 1903:160; Carter, 1923:80; 1929:285; Obenberger:1930:433; Bellamy 2002:157; 2008:1326.</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia (Geraldton?) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (BMNH), Holotype / Type/ Blackburn Coll. 1910-236, Melobasis meyricki Blackb. / HOLOTYPE Melobasis meyricki Blackburn B. Levey det. 1990/ T 1710 written on the specimen card. [Blackburn’s notebook in BMNH gives the following information for T1710: W.A. (G.) 10-12/86] .</p><p>Other material examined. Western Australia: Coral Bay; 7m E. of Coral Bay; Geraldton; Kalbarri National Park; Perth; Red Bluff; Strawberry. Material examined from ANIC; BMNH; CLBC; DSVC; KECC; MVMA; NMWC; SAMA.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 11.3–13.4 mm; predominantly golden-green or reddish-copper with the lateral margin in apical third and apices of elytra of a deep purple or blackish-lilac colour; underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence; elytral apices produced and slightly divergent.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with rather deep, fairly large round to ovate punctures which sometimes coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; densely clothed with long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to weakly microreticulate in ♀, strongly microreticulate in ♂; clypeal excision shallow, U-shaped, with a complete unpunctured strongly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks acute to right angled; vertex flat, slightly more than half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly to very strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of each segment more or less quadrate in ♂, in ♀ more or less triangular.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.46–1.55 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin bisinuate, usually with a slightly developed very broad median lobe, however, sometimes the lobe is scarcely produced and the margin is almost straight at the centre; anterior beaded margin rather wide; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at posterior angles or slightly wider just in front of mid-length; lateral margins slightly convergent for a short distance in front of posterior angles before slightly widening to widest point, or very slightly divergent from posterior angles to widest point, thence slightly to moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or very slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation moderately dense to dense in central fifth, consisting of small round or transversely elliptical punctures, which become progressively larger and slightly denser towards the lateral margin; with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; moderately densely clothed with long silvery pubescence which extends to the centre of the pronotum.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate to slightly elongate; weakly microsculptured; about one-eleventh to onefourteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.33–2.41 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin weakly bisinuate; very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities; thence almost parallel sided to slightly beyond mid-length, before narrowing to the usually strongly attenuate narrowly rounded apices; sutural margins divergent near apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with very weak serrations, which are often only obvious on the attenuate apices; sutural margin strongly raised in apical third; elytra rather uniformly punctured, without costae or costate intervals, but sometimes with some longitudinal seriation in the punctation near the suture; densely punctured with small round punctures near the suture becoming progressively larger, denser and more ovate towards the lateral margin; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: densely punctured with moderately large, fairly deep, ovate and round punctures, mostly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, which is sometimes only developed laterally; prosternal process strongly widening distally, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small round punctures, with a groove formed from coalescent punctures near the lateral margin; sparsely to moderately densely clothed with long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely punctured, with moderately large, shallow, ovate and lunate punctures; mostly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 205): lunate punctures mostly separate, sometimes slightly coalescent near the lateral margin, but not forming grooves or ridges; in ♂ excision about three times as wide as deep, in ♀ about twice as wide as deep; the lateral spines scarcely developed; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig.177).</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. This species is unlikely to confused with any other species; the absence of elytral markings, and the lack of grooves formed from the fusion of lunate punctures on the apical sternite will distinguish it from all other species of the formosa species-group except M. nudipectus sp. n., from which it is most readily distinguished in having the elytral apices produced and slightly divergent at the suture.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected late July–November on Acacia (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFAFFFACFF121280C3964E63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFACFFADFF12102AC51A4B53.text	03E48790FFACFFADFF12102AC51A4B53.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis nudipectus Levey 2012	<div><p>M. nudipectus sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 117, 176, 206)</p><p>Melobasis igniceps Carter 1923:71, 77, not Saunders 1876. Type locality: Western Australia, Ellendale .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (SAMA), Ellendale W.A. flowering Acacia 7-x-56/ EX. COLL. S. BARKER. 25 paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 2♂, (SAMA), same data as Holotype; 1♂, (NMWC), Arrowsmith R., Dongarra–Eneabba Rd., 13.ix.74., B. Levey / Beating flowering Acacia &amp; Leptospermum spp.; 2 ♂, (WAMA), Bejoording; 1♀, (ASC), Clackline, 4.12.77, Jam Tree ( Acacia sp.); 2♂, 1♀, (ANIC, WAMA), Cunderdin, Sept.–Oct. 1913. 8215; 1♀, (ANIC), Eradu, W.A. Nicholson, 9.26.; 1♂, (WADA), Gin Gin. 17.ix.69; 3♀, (MVMA), Kellerberrin, W. Crawshaw; 1♂, (MVMA), Perth, J. Clark; 2♂, (WAMA), Watning. 10.12.50. R.P. McMillan; 1♂, 1♀, (SGCB) 25 km S. Ravensthorpe, 1.xi.1998, K. Kershaw leg.; 1♂, 1♀, (ANIC, BMNH), N.W. Aust.; 1♂, 1♀, (BMNH, MVMA), W. Aust.; Victoria: 1♂, (MVMA), without further data. [Undoubtedly wrongly labelled]; 1♀, (MVMA), without any data labels.</p><p>Other material examined. Western Australia: 1 (MMSA), K(ing) G(eorges) Sound.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 10.7–14.7 mm; predominantly brown-bronze; in ♂ upper third to twothirds of vertex blackish-lilac, rest of head green or golden-green; underside sometimes with coppery or reddishpurple reflections; lateral margins and apices of elytra reddish-purple or blackish-lilac; underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence, except for the middle of the prosternum, prosternal process and middle of the metasternum, and sometimes the middle of the sternites, which are glabrous or sparsely pubescent.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with rather deep, fairly large round to ovate punctures which sometimes coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; densely clothed with long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas weakly to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, U-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly to strongly microreticulate border which is sometimes only developed at centre; clypeal peaks right angled to obtuse; vertex flat, slightly more than half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly to very strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, in ♂ the expanded part of segment 4 triangular to nearly quadrate, 5–10 quadrate; in ♀ the expanded part of segments 4–6 more or less triangular, segments 7–10 more or less quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.44–1.61 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin bisinuate, usually with a well developed very broad median lobe, however, sometimes the lobe is scarcely produced and the margin is almost straight at the centre; anterior beaded margin not very wide, sometimes obsolete at centre; basal margin bisinuate; widest at posterior angles or slightly wider near mid-length; lateral margins almost parallel or very slightly sinuate to widest point, thence slightly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or very slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation moderately dense to dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and slightly denser towards the lateral margin; with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; sparsely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence which is confined to the lateral half of the pronotum.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate to slightly elongate; shiny or weakly microsculptured; about onefourteenth to one-eighteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.38–2.68 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin weakly bisinuate; very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities; thence almost parallel sided to slightly beyond mid-length, before narrowing to the narrowly rounded apices; lateral margins from mid-length and apices with strong acute serrations; sutural margin strongly raised in posterior third; elytra rather uniformly punctured, with one slightly costate interval next to the subsutural depression; moderately sparsely punctured with small round punctures near the suture becoming progressively larger, denser and more ovate towards the lateral margin; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: densely punctured with moderately large, fairly deep, ovate and round punctures, partly obscured by moderately dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, which is sometimes only developed laterally; prosternal process slightly widening distally, very sparsely punctured with mainly pin-prick punctures, with a line of partly coalescent punctures near the lateral margin; glabrous to sparsely clothed with long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely punctured, with moderately large, shallow, ovate and lunate punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 206): with the lunate punctures mostly separate, sometimes slightly coalescent near the lateral margin, but not forming grooves or ridges; excision three to four times as wide as deep; in ♂ the lateral spines moderately developed, about as long as depth of flange; in ♀ the spines slightly developed, not as long as the depth of the flange; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 176).</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. This species is often misidentified in collections as M. igniceps Saunders to which it has a similar superficial resemblance, however, the latter species belongs to the nervosa species-group. It most closely resembles M. meyricki Blackburn, however, it differs in having very little pubescence on the prosternal process and centre of the metasternum and in not having the elytral apices produced and slightly divergent at the suture. Carter labelled some specimens he saw with the manuscript name M. cupricauda .</p><p>Etymology. The name comes from the very sparse pubescence on the prosternal process and the centre of the metasternum in contrast to the rest of the underside.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults found from mid September to early December. Adults have been collected from flowering Acacia (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFACFFADFF12102AC51A4B53	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFADFFB3FF12150DC6684CF8.text	03E48790FFADFFB3FF12150DC6684CF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis powelli Levey 2012	<div><p>M. powelli sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 109, 175, 204)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, 33–35km N. of Paynes Find .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (WAMA), 33–35km N. of Paynes Find, W.A. 5 Sep. 2006, T.M. Hanlon &amp; M. Powell, on spikey leaf Acacia / HOLOTYPE ♂ Melobasis powelli sp. n. B. Levey 2010. Paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 1♂, 3♀, (NMWC, TMSHC), same data as Holotype; 1♂, (MPC), 35 km N. of Paynes Find W.A. September 4 2006, M. Powell &amp; M. Hanlon, Acacia sp. leaves ; 2♂, (MPC), 35 km N. of Paynes Find W.A. 10 Sep. 2000, M. Powell, on flowering Acacia; 1♀, (MPC), 2 km S. of Paynes Find W.A. September 11 2006, M. Powell, Acacia sp. leaves .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 10.6–13.9 mm; head: ♂ upper third of vertex dull reddish-violet or steelblue, remainder of head dull blue-green; ♀ upper third of vertex dull blue-green, remainder of head greenishbronze with a variable dull reddish-violet reflection; pronotum in ♂ blackish-bronze with a variable dull reddishviolet or steel-blue reflection in lateral half, central half blue-black with a variably developed greenish-blue central line, in ♀ greenish- or brownish-bronze with a variably developed coppery central line; elytra bluish-violet, with the following golden or coppery markings: a sutural vitta in the basal fifth to quarter; a slightly shorter oblique humeral vitta internal to the humeral callosity, which extends laterally along the basal margin and along the lateral margin for a short distance, and is continued along the epipleura to the level of the first sternite; a slightly sinuate transverse median fascia which extends from the outer edge of the substural depression, almost to the lateral margin; a roughly obovate to slightly transverse pre-apical macula; underside greenish- or brownish-bronze; lateral parts of underside moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: very densely to contiguously punctured with small round and elliptical punctures which sometimes coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision moderately deep, U-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly to strongly microreticulate border which is sometimes only developed at centre; clypeal peaks acute; vertex flat, three-fifths the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately strongly to strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, in ♂ the expanded part of the segments is quadrate, in ♀ the expanded part of segments 4 and 5 are more or less triangular, segments 6–10 subquadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.56–1.73 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin bisinuate, with a shallowly produced broad median lobe, which is sometimes scarcely produced and then the margin is almost straight at the centre; anterior beaded margin narrow, but well defined; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of the mid-length; lateral margins almost parallel for a very short distance in front of posterior angles thence divergent to widest point, or divergent from the posterior angles to widest point, thence strongly curvilinearly convergent from widest point to the anterior angles; slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about two-thirds to three-quarters complete; punctation sparse to moderately dense in central third, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; with a well developed unpunctured midline, and sometimes a small transversely ovate unpunctured area on either side of the midline in the anterior third; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence which is confined to the lateral half of the pronotum.</p><p>Scutellum: oblong to quadrate; shiny or weakly microsculptured; about one-fourteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.24– 2.46 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin strongly bisinuate; slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to slightly beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins from somewhat beyond mid-length and apices with strong acute serrations; sutural margin strongly raised in apical half; each elytron with a fairly well developed costa next to the subsutural depression, with indications of a slightly less well defined costa lateral to the first costa; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; punctation adjacent to the costae partly longitudinally seriate; punctation external to the second costa becoming dense, the punctures larger and more ovate, forming short transverse series near the lateral margin; moderately strongly microreticulate</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely or contiguously punctured with moderately large, shallow round and ovate punctures, partly obscured by moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, slightly lower than the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening behind the fore coxae, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small round punctures, with a groove formed from coalescent punctures near the lateral margin; glabrous, or with sparse setae near the lateral margin.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: very densely to contiguously punctured, with moderately large, shallow, lunate and round punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 204): with lunate punctures near the lateral margin contiguous, but not forming grooves parallel to the lateral margin; excision about two times as wide as deep in ♂, two to three times as wide as deep in ♀; the lateral spines weakly developed, shorter than the depth of the flange; distal margin of flange straight</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 175): parameres almost parallel sided.</p><p>Ovipositor: short, wider than long.</p><p>Comments: This species is very similar in colour, elytral markings and general appearance to M. janae sp. n. The more parallel sided parameres of the aedeagus, and the more transverse pronotal shape will distinguish this species from M. janae . Other differences are the wider apical excision of the last sternite of the ♀; the more strongly developed costae on the elytra, and the more strongly bisinuate basal margin of the elytra.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after Michael Powell in recognition of his fieldcraft in collecting this and many other species of Melobasis .</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been collected in early September on flowering Acacia (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFADFFB3FF12150DC6684CF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFB3FFB0FF1212A9C503492F.text	03E48790FFB3FFB0FF1212A9C503492F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis purpurilata Levey 2012	<div><p>M. purpurilata sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 118, 184, 216).</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Wurarga, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.48333/lat -28.4)">Marloo</a> sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (ANIC), Marloo Stn. Wurarga W.A. 1931–1941 A. Goerling. 22 paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 11♀, (ANIC, NMWC), same data as Holotype; 1 unsexed (GBC), Bonnie Rock, 4.10.80, G. Burns; 2♀, (IRSNB), Burracoppin, ix.3., ex. coll. Deuquet; 1♂, (SAMA), 10 m. E. Elachbutting, Wialki district, Acacia, 20.ix.70., S. Barker; 1♂, 2♀ (ASC), 1.1 km W of Hines Hill, WA, -31 32 17.00, 118 03 40.00, 25.ix.2009, on leaves of thin-leaved Acacia sp., A. Sundholm, D. Knowles, M. Powell; 2 ♀, (WAMA), Southern Cross, du Boulay Coll.; 1♂, 1♀ (TMSHC), 14km. W of Pindar, W.A., T.M.S. Hanlon, 2 September 2006, on Acacia leaves; 3♀ (TMSHC), Monger’s Lake, 43 km E of Perenjori W.A., M. Hanlon, 9 Nov.2008, dead in strand line.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 10.5–14.3 mm; upper part of vertex greenish- or brownish-bronze, lower part of vertex and frontoclypeus reddish-violet to blackish-lilac; pronotum in central half brownish- or greenishbronze usually with a narrow blue or blue-green median band, lateral half reddish-violet to blackish-lilac, the junction between the central and lateral blocks of colour often blue or blue-green like the median band; elytra olive or greenish-bronze, the apices sometimes slightly suffused with a coppery tint; underside moderately densely clothed with fairly long silvery pubescence, except for the middle of the prosternum, prosternal process and middle of the metasternum, and sometimes the middle of the sternites, which are glabrous or sparsely pubescent.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with rather deep, fairly large round to ovate punctures which coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; densely clothed with long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas weakly to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, Ushaped, with an unpunctured weakly to strongly microreticulate border which is sometimes only developed at centre; clypeal peaks acute to right angled; vertex flat, slightly more than half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly to very strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, in ♂ the expanded part of the segments is quadrate, in ♀ the expanded part of segments 4 and sometimes 5 is more or less triangular, segments 6–10 more or less quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.52–1.71 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin bisinuate, usually with a well developed broad median lobe, but sometimes the lobe is scarcely produced and the margin is almost straight at the centre; anterior beaded margin fairly wide, especially at the centre; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at posterior angles; lateral margins usually slightly convergent for a short distance in front of posterior angles, before diverging weakly to beyond mid-length, thence slightly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; sometimes parallel sided for a short distance in front of posterior angles before diverging weakly to beyond mid-length; as wide as or very slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to two-thirds complete; punctation sparse to moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; sparsely to moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence which is confined to the lateral half of the pronotum.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate to slightly elongate; shiny or weakly microsculptured; about one-twelfth to one-fifteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.29–2.55 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin weakly bisinuate; very slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence very weakly widening to mid-length, before narrowing to the narrowly rounded apices; lateral margins from mid-length and apices with fairly weak acute serrations; sutural margin strongly raised in apical third; each elytron often with two developed costae, sometimes the intervals between the costae are also subcostate, and the costae are then less evident and the punctation partly arranged in longitudinal series; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; punctation lateral to the first costate interval consisting of larger denser punctures which become progressively denser, larger and more ovate towards the lateral margin, where they form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: densely punctured with moderately large, shallow ovate and round punctures, partly obscured by moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin; prosternal process slightly widening distally, very sparsely punctured with small round or pin-prick punctures, with an irregular line of larger punctures near the lateral margin, some of which are coalescent near the base of the prosternal process; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely punctured, with moderately large, shallow, ovate and lunate punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 216): with the lunate punctures mostly separate, sometimes slightly coalescent near the lateral margin, but not forming grooves or ridges; excision about twice as wide as deep; the lateral spines scarcely developed; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig.184).</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. This species is most likely to be confused with specimens of M. septemplagiata Carter lacking elytral markings and which sometimes have most of the pronotum reddish violet or lilac coloured, however, M. septemplagiata has the basal margin of the elytra noticeably biangulate not weakly bisinuate as in M. purpurilata, and in M. septemplagiata the lateral margins of the elytra near the apex are slightly sinuate, and the apices are slightly spatulate.</p><p>Etymology. The name of this species comes from the reddish violet or lilac colour of the lateral half of the pronotum.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been collected from September to early November. Adults found on Acacia (Fabaceae) leaves. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFB3FFB0FF1212A9C503492F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFB0FFB6FF121799C54F4C30.text	03E48790FFB0FFB6FF121799C54F4C30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis septemplagiata Carter	<div><p>M. septemplagiata Carter</p><p>(Figs. 107, 172)</p><p>Melobasis septemplagiata Carter 1923:91; 1929:285; Obenberger 1930:434; Bellamy 2002:163; 2008:1332. Type locality: Western Australia, Cue.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Lectotype ♂, (here designated) (SAMA), Cue, W.A. H.W. Brown, Co-Type H.J.C., Melobasis septem-plagiata Carter Id. by H.J. Carter, LECTOTYPE, Melobasis septemplagiata Carter, B. Levey det. Paralectotype ♂ (SAMA), mounted to left of Lectotype on same card. Carter in his original description mentions eight specimens from Cue, and says the types are in the Australian Museum. I have only found four specimens from Cue and have therefore based my Lectotype designation on the two labelled cotype. The other two specimens from Cue in (WAMA) are without original determination labels and these are not conspecific with the Lectotype designated above but are specimens of M. brittoni sp. n. There are six specimens labelled as cotypes from Ankertell, H.W. Brown in (AMSA), (SAMA), (ANIC) and (MVMA). The specimens from (SAMA) are not M. septemplagiata but are specimens of M. brittoni sp. n. It is possible that Carter may have had these specimens before him when he did the description and incorrectly reported all the specimens as coming from Cue but it seems more likely that Carter labelled specimens he saw at a later date as cotypes.</p><p>Other material examined. Western Australia: Ankertell; 35 kms N. of Paynes Find; 6 mls S.W. of Paynes Find; Tammin; Marloo Stn., Wurarga. Specimens examined from ANIC, IRSNB, MPC, NMWC, SAMA, WAMA. Adults collected in October.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.0– 12.9 mm; head and pronotum brownish-bronze, reddish-violet or violet-blue; elytra yellowish- or brownish-bronze, with the apices more or less suffused with reddish-violet, rarely with one or all of the following silvery-blue markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter; a humeral vitta of the same length, which extends along the basal margin to the lateral edge and onto the epipleura up to the level of the hind coxa; also sometimes extending on to the lateral margin next to the humeral callosity; a slightly sinuate median transverse fascia; a roughly obovate pre-apical macula; underside brownish-bronze or reddish-purple; lateral parts of underside densely clothed with long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex moderately densely to densely punctured with small to fairly large round punctures; remainder of head very densely punctured with ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form linear series orientated dorso-ventrally on the lower half of the vertex and the frontoclypeus; densely clothed with moderately long to long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to weakly microreticulate; clypeal excision fairly shallow to moderately deep, U-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly to strongly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks slightly acute to right angled; vertex flat, about three-fifths the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of each segment more or less quadrate in ♂, that of segment 4 and sometimes 5 more or less triangular in ♀, the rest slightly quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.44–1.59 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, usually with a slightly developed broad median lobe, but sometimes the lobe is scarcely produced and the margin is almost straight at the centre; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at or near mid-length and often about as wide at posterior angles; lateral margins almost parallel or very slightly divergent to widest point, thence slightly to moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or very slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation moderately dense in central fifth, consisting of small round punctures, which become progressively larger and denser towards the lateral margin; usually with at least a partly developed unpunctured midline; shiny or with weak reticulate microsculpture; moderately densely to densely clothed with long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: quadrate to slightly elongate; weakly microsculptured; about one-eleventh to one-thirteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.36–2.66 times as long as wide at the base; basal margin strongly biangulate; slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities; thence almost parallel sided to the mid-length, before narrowing to the slightly attenuated rounded apices; lateral margins from just beyond mid-length and apices with moderately coarse acute serrations, usually with a distinct sinuation near the apex; sutural margin strongly raised in posterior half; inner half external to the subsutural depression sometimes with one or two slightly indicated costate intervals, but often only the one next to the subsutural depression discernible; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; punctation lateral to the first costate interval consisting of larger denser punctures which become progressively denser larger and more ovate towards the lateral margin, where they form short transverse series; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely to contiguously punctured with moderately large, shallow, ovate and round punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a bead at the anterior margin which is sometimes poorly defined at the centre, at almost the same level as the area behind; lateral part of prosternum sometimes strongly depressed in front of the pleurosternal suture; prosternal process slightly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small round or pin-prick punctures, with a line of larger punctures near the lateral margin which sometimes coalesce to form a groove; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: densely punctured, with large, shallow, round and ovate punctures; partly obscured by long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Apical sternite: similar in form to that of M. brittoni sp. n. (Fig. 203); the lunate punctures coalescent near the lateral margin, sometimes forming weak ridges parallel to the lateral margin; excision fairly deep, the lateral spines moderately developed, but not as long as depth of flange, about one and half to two and half times as wide as deep; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 172): rather broad without a marked dorsal flexure.</p><p>Ovipositor: short, about as long as wide.</p><p>Comments. Specimens of this species with fully developed elytral markings are likely to be confused with M. brittoni sp. n. The pronotal shape and the aedeagus are the main diagnostic features distinguishing the two species. Most specimens examined lack elytral markings, or only have the sutural and humeral vitta developed and sometimes also the pre-apical macula (Fig. 107). By contrast all specimens of M. brittoni examined have a coloured sutural and humeral vittae, median fascia and pre-apical macula. In addition M. septemplagiata usually has the elytral apices slightly produced and the lateral margins slightly sinuate before the apices, whereas in M. brittoni this is usually less pronounced or absent.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected from September to November. Adults collected on leaves of Acacia sp. (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFB0FFB6FF121799C54F4C30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFB6FFB6FF1212EBC273495A.text	03E48790FFB6FFB6FF1212EBC273495A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis propinqua (Laporte & Gory 1837)	<div><p>The propinqua species-group</p><p>This group comprises seven species, two of which are divisible into subspecies. Larval hosts are unknown, however, adults are commonly collected on Fabaceae and Myrtaceae, and much more rarely on other plant families. Differences between males and females are slight. This group shares a number of characters with the formosa group, namely a reduction in the length of the spines bordering the excision of the apical sternite, the apical part of the parameres of the aedeagus having fine sensory setae only, the mid tibia of the male is straight, similar to that of the female, lacking teeth or a setae-filled depression on the ventral face, and tarsal claws lacking a well defined basal tooth but sometimes broadened at the base. M. meyricki and M. nudipectus which I place in the formosa group could with some justification be placed in the propinqua group, but they are placed in the formosa species-group because their pubescence is translucent silvery, not opaque white as seen in most members of the propinqua species-group. There are also great similarities in overall form to members of the gloriosa group. These similarities may be due to convergence, and not necessarily indicative of a close phylogenetic relationship.</p><p>In the key to the propinqua species-group I have included couplets to take out members of the gloriosa species-group since females of this group are likely to be mistaken for members of the propinqua group. Males of the gloriosa group have a large setae-filled depression on the ventral face of the mid tibia and the tibia is swollen (Fig. 49), whereas males of the propinqua group have an unmodified mid tibia, like that of the females.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFB6FFB6FF1212EBC273495A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFB6FFB7FF12173EC2F3496E.text	03E48790FFB6FFB7FF12173EC2F3496E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis propinqua (Laporte & Gory 1837)	<div><p>Key to the species of the propinqua species-group</p><p>1 Base of elytra markedly biarcuate; each elytron with traces of four costae; upperside and underside golden-green, the elytra with a specifically diagnostic black pattern (Fig. 129)........................ M. eximia sp. n. ( gloriosa species-group)</p><p>- Without the above combination of characters................................................................ 2</p><p>2 Underside clothed with inconspicuous, very sparse, short, translucent, silvery pubescence; very large, robust species, 14–21 mm long (Fig. 141) M. robusta Carter ( gloriosa species-group)</p><p>- Underside clothed with obvious, longer, denser pubescence; smaller, less robust species, usually less than 14 mm long..... 3</p><p>3 Elytra golden-copper with a diagnostic blue-black pattern consisting of a broad elongate vitta extending from the base to about the mid-length on each elytron, and a sinuate transverse mark just behind the middle which is narrowly prolonged basally and apically along the suture, and apically expanded laterally to produce a poorly defined arrow shaped mark; pronotum reddishcopper at centre becoming golden-copper laterally, with a pair of blue-black admedian vittae (Fig. 128); species from Northern Territory ................................................................................. M. dives Carter</p><p>- Elytral colour pattern not as above; species not from Northern Territory .......................................... 4</p><p>4 Pubescence translucent, silvery.......................................................................... 5</p><p>- Pubescence opaque, white.............................................................................. 6</p><p>5 Mesoepisternum microreticulate, with a few, shallow, setae-bearing punctures; elytral apices narrowly rounded, the sutural margins slightly divergent at the apex; colour golden-green, golden or coppery, with the elytral apices reddish-violet or greenish-blue; head clothed with obvious, long, outstanding pubescence, the setae only downcurved near the tip (soiled specimens may have the pubescence flattened) (Fig. 122) M. rectipilosa sp. n.</p><p>- Mesoepisternum shiny, with a few, to many small, variably shaped punctures; elytral apices broadly rounded, the sutural margins not divergent at the apex; colour rarely as above; if head clothed with obvious, long pubescence, then setae downcurved for most of their length..................................................... gloriosa species-group</p><p>6 Pronotum with a pair of well defined admedian vittae; elytra with contrastingly coloured vittae or fasciae (Figs. 120, 121)... ................................................................................................... 13</p><p>- If pronotum with indications of a pair of admedian vittae then elytra without coloured vittae or fasciae although the elytral apices may be differently coloured to the rest of the elytra 7</p><p>7 Unpunctured anterior border of pronotum broad and well defined at the centre, separated by a well defined groove from the rest of the pronotum (Fig. 152); mesoepisternum with or without large shallow setae-bearing punctures on the disc; species from W. Australia .................................................................................... 8</p><p>- Unpunctured anterior border of pronotum narrow and sometimes poorly defined at centre, the groove often obsolete at the centre (Fig. 151); mesoepisternum usually with some large shallow setae-bearing punctures on the disc; species from S. &amp; E. Australia ........................................................................................... 11</p><p>8 Mesoepisternum with large shallow setae-bearing punctures on most of the disc (Fig. 44); pronotum more or less reddishpurple in central third contrasting with rest of the green pronotum; midline of pronotum usually depressed with the punctation denser in the midline than on the immediately adjacent areas (Fig. 123) M. propinqua depressa ssp. n.</p><p>- Mesoepisternum with few or no large shallow setae-bearing punctures on the disk; pronotum not bicoloured; midline of pronotum not depressed with the punctation no denser than that of the immediately adjacent areas..................... 9</p><p>9 Pubescence of underside less coarse scarcely concealing the punctation; inner half of elytra usually with the punctation partly arranged in punctured striae, the associated interstriae less regularly punctured; colour very variable................... 10</p><p>- Pubescence of underside slightly coarser, partly concealing the punctation; inner half of elytra usually uniformly punctured; colour usually brown-bronze (Fig. 125); aedeagus usually with parameres slightly widening from base to mid-length (Fig. 183).................................................................................. M. uniformis Carter</p><p>10 Upperside green or olive-green, the apices of the elytra reddish-purple or reddish-violet (Fig. 124); underside reddish-purple or blackish-lilac; aedeagus with parameres widest beyond the mid-length (Fig. 182)..................... M. simulata sp. n.</p><p>- Colour very variable, but not usually as above; aedeagus with parameres scarcely widening, almost parallel sided in basal twothirds (Fig. 185)............................................................... M. cuprifera (Laporte &amp; Gory)</p><p>11 Elytra moderately shiny, usually with weak microsculpture; with indications of punctured striae and often costate interstriae in the internal half; pronotum usually slightly depressed or unpunctured in the midline................................ 12</p><p>- Elytra usually less shiny, with obvious microsculpture; with scarcely a trace of punctured striae or costate intervals in the internal half; pronotum usually neither depressed nor unpunctured in the midline; Tasmania, S. E. Victoria &amp; A.C.T....................................................................................... M. propinqua porteri (Hope)</p><p>12 Pronotum often unpunctured for part of its length, in the midline, not or scarcely depressed (Fig. 150); elytral interstriae usually not costate in internal half; elytral apices in male crimson or reddish-violet; S. Australia &amp; N.W. Victoria .......................................................................................... M. propinqua verna (Hope)</p><p>- Pronotum usually slightly depressed and the punctation usually more dense in the midline than elsewhere (Fig. 149); elytra usually with one or two costate interstriae in the internal half; elytral apices sometimes darkened, but not differently coloured from the rest of the elytra; New South Wales &amp; Queensland .................. M. propinqua propinqua (Laporte &amp; Gory)</p><p>13 Elytra blackish-lilac, blackish-green or reddish-copper with a blue-green, golden-green or reddish-copper sutural vitta, humeral vitta, median fascia and pre-apical macula, the median fascia sometimes joined to the humeral vitta (Fig. 120)....................................................................................... M. regalis regalis Carter</p><p>- Elytra reddish-purple with a broad bright green sinuate lateral vitta extending from the base to the apical fifth (Fig. 121)................................................................................. M. regalis carnabyorum ssp. n.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFB6FFB7FF12173EC2F3496E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFB7FFB5FF121726C6F84F3B.text	03E48790FFB7FFB5FF121726C6F84F3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Torresita cuprifera (Laporte & Gory) Levey 2012	<div><p>M. cuprifera (Laporte &amp; Gory) stat. rev. (not synonym of propinqua (Laporte &amp; Gory) 1837).</p><p>(Figs. 127, 185)</p><p>Buprestis (Melobasis) cuprifera Laporte &amp; Gory, 1837:119 (preocc. Buprestis cuprifera Kirby 1818, but name conserved: see ICZN. 2002); Saunders 1871:44; Kerremans 1892:104; 1903:158; Carter 1923:71, 80; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:429; Turner &amp; Hawkswood 1996:84; Bellamy 2001:25; 2002:160; 2008:1330.</p><p>Type locality: Australia (Nouvelle-Hollande) .</p><p>Melobasis metallifera Saunders 1868:16; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869:1383; Saunders 1871:44; Masters1886:74; Kerremans 1892:105; 1903:158 (syn. of propinqua); Carter 1923:71; 1929:285; Obenberger 1930:432; Bellamy 2002:156; 2008:1326</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, S. R. [presumably Swan River] .</p><p>Melobasis goryi Saunders 1871:44 stat. rev. (not synonym of propinqua (Laporte &amp; Gory) 1837); Kerremans 1885:136; 1892:104; 1903:158; Carter 1923:80; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:429; Bellamy 2002:161; 2008:1330.</p><p>Buprestis metallifera Hope 1836:8 (nom. nud.; unavailable name); Saunders 1868:16; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869:1383; Obenberger 1956:135.</p><p>There has been confusion regarding the correct name and identity of this species as pointed out by Carter, 1923:71. Carter treated B. (M.) cuprifera Laporte &amp; Gory as a synonym of M. propinqua Laporte &amp; Gory. Examination of the Holotypes of propinqua, metallifera and cuprifera has shown that the latter two belong to one species and propinqua is the species from eastern Australia that Carter incorrectly called cuprifera . B. (M.) cuprifera Laporte &amp; Gory is a junior primary homonym of Buprestis cuprifera Kirby 1818 . This is the reason why Saunders 1871 substituted the name goryi for cuprifera . However the name B. (M.) cuprifera Laporte &amp; Gory has subsequently become available for use (see ICZN. 2002). Bellamy (2002 &amp; 2008) follows Carter in treating cuprifera as a synonym of propinqua .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Buprestis (Melobasis) cuprifera Holotype ♂ (MNHN), Type Gory / TYPE/ Melobasis cuprifera C. et G. Type.</p><p>Buprestis metallifera Holotype ♂, (OUMNH), S.R./ metallifera Hope S.R. / Type Col: 933 Buprestis metallifera Hope.</p><p>Other specimens examined: Western Australia: Albany; Applecross; Bayswater; Bejoording; Beverly; Bickley; 14 km S. of Bindoon; 53 m peg on Brockton Highway; Bullsbrook; Bunbury; Bushmead; Canning Bridge; Cannington; Capel River, Chidlow; Cottesloe; Darlington; Esperance; Fremantle; Gnangara; 1 km E. of Gosnalls; Hamel; Jandakot; Jarrahdale; Jerramungup; 6 mls N.E. of Kalamunda; Kalgan River; Kelmscott; Lake Bryde; Lake King; Lake Grace; Mandurah; Margaret River; Mt. Dale; Mt. Madden; Mouth of Moore River (northside); Mundaring; Naval Base; Nornalup; Northampton; Perth; Pinjarra; 12.4 km S. of Pumphrey's Bridge; Raventhorpe; Red Hill; Stirling Range; Tammin; Tone Bridge; Watheroo; Watning; Wembley; Wilga; Woolooloo; Yarloop; S. Australia: Adelaide [undoubtedly wrongly labelled]; New South Wales: Armidale; Sydney [undoubtedly wrongly labelled]; material in AMSA, ANIC, ASC, BPBM, BMNH, GBC, HUM, IRSNB, KECC, MVMA, SAMA, MMSA, NMWC, UQIC, WADA, WAMA.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 6.0– 13.1 mm; head, pronotum and elytra green golden-green, coppery or brown-bronze; underside green, coppery or brown-bronze; underside moderately densely clothed with moderately long to short opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with rather deep, fairly small round to ovate punctures; moderately densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence; unpunctured areas weakly to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, U-shaped, with a rather broad complete unpunctured strongly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks acute to right angled; vertex flat, sometimes weakly broadly depressed at centre in lower third; slightly more than half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to very strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of the segments are usually more or less triangular, some times the expanded part of the more apical segments is subquadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.45–1.58 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate with a well developed broad median lobe, the unpunctured anterior border broad and well defined at the centre, separated by a well defined groove from the rest of the pronotum; posterior margin weakly biarcuate to bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of mid-length; lateral margins parallel sided or slightly convergent close to the posterior angles, thence weakly divergent to the widest point, before strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, half to twothirds complete; punctation in central half moderately dense to dense, consisting mostly of small round punctures, punctation in lateral half consisting of larger, stronger, very dense to contiguous round punctures; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate between the punctures and sometimes with minute pin-prick punctures as well; sometimes with an incomplete unpunctured median line; with fairly short opaque white pubescence confined to the vicinity of the lateral carina.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate, more or less shield-shaped; about one-fifteenth width of elytra at base; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin weakly biarcuate to bisinuate; slightly widening over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to somewhat beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the moderately broadly rounded apices; lateral margins only very weakly serrate close to the weakly serrate apices; sutural margins weakly raised in the apical quarter to half; moderately densely punctured with small round punctures near the suture becoming progressively larger and denser laterally, often contiguous close to the lateral margin; punctures near the subsutural depression often partly arranged in punctured striae, the associated interstriae less regularly punctured and sometimes slightly costate; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with large shallow ovate setae-bearing punctures, partly obscured by long opaque white setae.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow, sometimes poorly defined bead at the anterior margin, at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening posteriorly, moderately densely to densely punctured with small to moderately large round punctures, usually with a line of partly coalescent punctures close to the lateral margin; sparsely to moderately densely clothed with fairly long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: weakly to strongly microreticulate and with scattered small very weak punctures, and sometimes also with a few large shallow setae-bearing punctures present (Fig. 42).</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, mostly well separated, but sometimes touching to form short transverse series; ♂ excision shallow about 2-4 times as wide as deep, ♀ excision narrower about twice as wide as deep, the distal margin of the flange straight and the lateral spines very short, shorter than the depth of the flange in both sexes.</p><p>Tarsal claws: not abruptly widened or toothed at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 185): parameres scarcely widening from base, almost parallel sided in basal two-thirds.</p><p>Ovipositor: elongate as in Fig. 11.</p><p>Comments. This species is very variable in colour and size. Brown-bronze specimens are likely to be misidentified as the closely related M. uniformis Carter, but can be distinguished by the slightly less coarse pubescence of the underside and slight differences in the shape of the aedeagus. In the field green and coppery specimens may be difficult to distinguish from M. propinqua depressa ssp. n. and probably M. simulata sp. n., and females of some colour variations of the very variable M. g. gloriosa (Laporte &amp; Gory) .</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected between August and January (mainly October–November). Adults recorded on Acacia sp. (Fabaceae), Jacksonia spp. (Fabaceae), Myoporum insulare R. Br. (Myoporaceae), Teatree ( Myrtaceae). Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFB7FFB5FF121726C6F84F3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFB5FFBAFF12119BC6A54E63.text	03E48790FFB5FFBAFF12119BC6A54E63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis dives Carter	<div><p>M. dives Carter</p><p>(Figs. 22, 128)</p><p>Melobasis dives Carter 1923:92; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:430; Bellamy, 2002:150; 2008:1320. Type locality: Northern Territory, Roper River.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♀ (MVMA): Roper R I, N.T.3.3.16/ TYPE ♀ / TYPE f / Melobasis dives Carter, Id. by H.J. Carter.</p><p>The description of the Holotype was done many years ago, and some characters described in related species were not recorded at the time. Unfortunately I have not seen any other specimens. The specimen was not dissected and although labelled as ♀, the quadrate distal antennal segments would suggest that the specimen might be ♂.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 13.0 mm; head reddish-copper with the bottoms of the punctures goldengreen; pronotum and elytra reddish-copper at centre, becoming golden-copper laterally; pronotum with dark blueblack admedian vittae, which do not quite reach the apical margin and are slightly divergent basally; elytra with the following blue-black markings: an elongate vitta opposite the pronotal admedian vittae, not quite reaching the base of the elytra, slightly diverging from one another apically and extending slightly beyond the mid point of the elytra; a bisinuate transverse fascia at the basal third which extends narrowly along the suture almost to the scutellum and apically more broadly along the suture terminating as an approximately sagittate (arrow head shaped) mark; underside and appendages dull reddish-purple; underside sparsely clothed with moderately long pubescence.</p><p>Head: densely and strongly punctured with large round punctures; sparsely clothed with moderately long silvery white pubescence; unpunctured areas with microreticulate sculpture; clypeal excision shallow, V-shaped, with a microreticulate unpunctured border which is much broader at the centre; clypeal peaks almost right angled; vertex flat, but slightly depressed in the midline, about half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segments 4-10, expanded part of segment 4 triangular, expanded part of segments 5-10 almost quadrate, occupying almost the whole length of the segment.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.57 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin moderately strongly bisinuate with a well developed broad median lobe; posterior margin moderately strongly bisinuate; widest at basal angles, the lateral margins with a slight sinuation just anterior to the basal angles, thence weakly convergent to mid-length before more strongly curvilinearly converging to the apical angles; about as wide at base as elytra at base; lateral carina about three-quarters complete; punctation of central area between the admedian vittae dense and strong, punctation of admedian vittae moderately dense, becoming very dense lateral to the admedian vittae, punctures round; surface between the punctures microreticulate and with pin-prick punctures; a large deep poorly defined central fovea at the base, without an unpunctured median line; short sparse pubescence confined to the apical angle and the immediate vicinity of the lateral carina.</p><p>Scutellum: almost round, about one-twelfth width of elytra at base, microreticulate with a large puncture at the base.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin moderately strongly bisinuate; slightly widening over the humeral callosities, then parallel sided for a short distance before narrowing in the basal quarter, thence almost parallel sided to about the midlength, before narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins in apical half and apices coarsely serrate; sutural margins raised in apical third; inner half of elytra sparsely and weakly punctured over the copper coloured areas, very sparsely and very weakly punctured over the blue-black markings; outer half of elytra very densely to contiguously punctured with much larger, stronger punctures, becoming somewhat transversely rugose near the humeral callosities; without seriate punctation or costate interstriae.</p><p>Proepisternum: densely punctured with large punctures, and sparsely clothed with long pubescence.</p><p>Prosternal process: slightly widening posteriorly, sparsely punctured with small weak punctures, without a line of partly contiguous punctures or groove close to the lateral margin.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: microreticulate with sparse, small, very weak punctures and a few large punctures near the internal apical margin.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 22): with lunate punctures, moderately dense laterally, sparser and weaker at centre; excision moderately shallow about 2 times as wide as deep, the distal margin of the flange straight and the lateral spines slightly divergent, short, shorter than the depth of the flange.</p><p>Comments: The elytral markings of this species are very unusual, and this species cannot be confused with any other known species. The elytral markings could be derived by the fusion of expanded copper coloured humeral and sutural vittae, median fasciae and pre-apical macula like those seen in M. r. regalis Carter.</p><p>Bionomics: Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFB5FFBAFF12119BC6A54E63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFBAFFB8FF1210DAC6B44C48.text	03E48790FFBAFFB8FF1210DAC6B44C48.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis propinqua subsp. propinqua (Laporte & Gory)	<div><p>M. propinqua propinqua (Laporte &amp; Gory)</p><p>(Fig. 149)</p><p>Buprestis (Melobasis) propinqua Laporte &amp; Gory, 1837:120; Saunders 1868:15; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869:1383; Saunders 1871:44; Masters 1886: 74; Blackburn 1887:240; Kerremans 1892:105; 1903:158; Carter 1921:2; 1923: 71, 78, 80; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:430; Bellamy 2002:160; 2003:133 (figure 325); 2008:1330. Type locality: Australia (Nouvelle-Hollande).</p><p>Melobasis cuprifera Carter, 1923:71, 78, 80 not Buprestis (Melobasis) cuprifera (Laporte &amp; Gory) 1837 .</p><p>Buprestis propinqua Hope 1836:8 (nom. nud.; unavailable name); Saunders 1868:15; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869:1383; Obenberger 1956:135. Type locality: Western Australia, S. R. [presumably Swan River]. Locality data presumably incorrect.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Buprestis (Melobasis) propinqua Laporte &amp; Gory. Holotype ♀ (MNHN), Type Gory / Type / Melobasis propinqua C. et G. Type.</p><p>Buprestis propinqua Hope. Holotype ♂ (OUMNH) propinqua Hope S.R. / Type? H.J. Carter Melobasis propinqua / Type Coll. 939 Buprestis propinqua Hope.</p><p>Other specimens examined. New South Wales: Armidale; Baan Baa; Berkshire Park; Blackheath; Blue Mts.; Chapman Ridge; Charlestown; Colo Heights District; 5.5 mls S. of Coonabarabran; Cordeaux; Cowan; Cullen Bullen; Faulconbridge Ridge; Garrawilla; 13.5 mls S. of Gosford; Grafton; Hanging Rock; Harrington; Hazelbrook; Heathcote; Heathcote Rd., S.E. of Liverpool; Hill End; Hornsby; Jannali; Jannali–Como; Katoomba; Killara; Kuring-gai; Lake Hiawatha; Lambton; Lapstone Hill; Lennox Bridge; Leura; Maroota; Mooney Mooney; Mt. Boyce; Mt. Kaputar National Park; Mt. White; Mt. York; Old Bar, 0.5 Km N. of Taree; Pilliga E. State Forest; Rocky Glen; Royal National Park, Sydney; Sackville; St. Albans; Sandy Pt.; Singleton; Strathfield; Sydney; Timmallallie State Forest; 11 mls S. of Uralla; Wardell; Warrumbungle National Park; Waterfall. Queensland: Beerwah; Blackdown Plateau; Brisbane; Bulwer; Burleigh; Burrum Heads; Caboolture; Caloundro; Chinchilla; Coolum; Fletcher; Glen Aplin; Ipswich; Mydore; Rockhampton; Stanthorpe; Stradbroke Is.; The Summit; Toowoomba; Wyberba; Yeppoon. Material in AMSA, ANIC, BMNH, BPBM, CLBC, EEAC, GBC, GWC, GHNC, JTC, MMSA, MVMA, NMWC, SAMA, SWC, UQA, WAMA, ZMC.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 6.4–13.6 mm; head, pronotum and elytra green, golden-green, coppery or rarely red-brown; underside darker than the upperside, reddish-purple or blackish-green; head and underside densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Head: very densely to contiguously punctured with rather deep, fairly small round to ovate punctures; moderately densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence; unpunctured areas weakly to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, sometimes scarcely developed, with an unpunctured strongly microreticulate border which is usually much broader in the central part of the excision; clypeal peaks acute to right angled; vertex flat, about half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately strongly to strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate; in the ♀ the expanded part of the segments are more or less triangular, in the ♂ segment 4 is more or less triangular, 5–10 more or less quadrate</p><p>Pronotum: 1.45–1.60 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate with a well developed broad median lobe, the unpunctured anterior border narrow, with a poorly defined groove separating it from the rest of the pronotum; posterior margin moderately strongly biarcuate to bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of mid-length; lateral margins parallel sided or slightly convergent close to the posterior angles, thence weakly divergent to the widest point, (sometimes parallel sided in posterior two-thirds), before strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, about two-thirds complete; punctation in central half moderately dense to dense, consisting mostly of small round punctures, the punctures in the central line often slightly denser and the central line often slightly depressed for part of its length, punctation in lateral half consisting of larger, stronger, very dense to contiguous round punctures; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate between the punctures and usually with minute pin-prick punctures as well; with fairly short opaque white pubescence confined to the vicinity of the lateral carina.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate, more or less shield-shaped; about one-fifteenth width of elytra at base; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin moderately strongly biarcuate to bisinuate; slightly widening over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to somewhat beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the moderately broad rounded apices; lateral margins in apical third to half, and apices weakly, but noticeably serrate; sutural margins weakly raised in the apical quarter to half; moderately densely punctured with small round punctures near the suture becoming progressively larger and denser laterally, often contiguous close to the lateral margin; punctures near the subsutural depression partly arranged in punctured striae, the associated interstriae less regularly punctured and usually slightly costate; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely to contiguously punctured with large shallow ovate setae-bearing punctures, partly obscured by long opaque white setae.</p><p>Prosternum: with a well defined narrow bead at the anterior margin, at about the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening posteriorly, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small round punctures, usually with a line of partly coalescent punctures close to the lateral margin; sparsely to densely clothed with fairly long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: shiny or microreticulate, with numerous large shallow setae-bearing punctures present, partly obscured by the long opaque white setae (Fig. 44).</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, mostly well separated, but sometimes touching to form short transverse series; ♂ excision shallow about 2-4 times as wide as deep, ♀ excision narrower about 2 times as wide as deep, the distal margin of the flange straight and the lateral spines short, about as long as the depth of the flange in both sexes.</p><p>Tarsal claws: widened at base.</p><p>Aedeagus: as in Fig. 186.</p><p>Ovipositor: elongate as in Fig. 11.</p><p>Comments. This subspecies is characterised by the denser punctation and slight depression of the pronotum in the midline, the slightly costate elytral intervals between the seriate punctation of the inner half of the elytra, the relatively weak elytral microsculpture and the elytral apices being essentially the same colour as the rest of the elytra. Since I had not originally realised this species was divisible into recognisable subspecies, much material identified in the early years of this revision will carry M. propinqua determination labels, without subspecific identity.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been collected from August–January, but mainly from September to November. Adults commonly collected on Jacksonia scoparia R. Br. (Fabaceae), Pultenaea spp. (Fabaceae) and Leptospermum spp. (Myrtaceae) with some records from Bossiaea eriocarpa Benth. (Fabaceae), Daviesia latifolia F.Cels (Fabaceae), Dillwynia sp. (Fabaceae), Phyllota phylicoides (Sieber ex DC.) Benth. (Fabaceae), Baeckea sp. (Myrtaceae), Pimelea linifolia Sm. (Thymelaeaceae), Cassinia arcuata R. Br. (Asteraceae) and Gahnia erythrocarpa R. Br. (Cyperaceae), Adults eat the flower petals of Pultenaea subternata H.B.Will., Dillwynia retorta (J.C.Wendl.) Druce, and Daviesia virgata A.Cunn. ex Hook. (Turner, 1984) . Larval host Pultenaea villosa Willd. (Hawkeswood, 2011) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFBAFFB8FF1210DAC6B44C48	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFB8FFB9FF121233C6964F26.text	03E48790FFB8FFB9FF121233C6964F26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Buprestis propinqua subsp. depressa Levey 2012	<div><p>M. propinqua depressa ssp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 123, 152, 180)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, 48 km E. of Yellowdine.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (WAMA) 48 km E. of Yellowdine, W.A., T.M. Hanlon &amp; M. Powell, 21 October 2005, on Otion sp. flowers / HOLOTYPE Melobasis propinqua depressa ssp. n. B. Levey det.</p><p>8 paratypes as follows: 4♂, 1♀, (NMWC, TMHC) same data as Holotype; 1♂, 2♀, (NMWC, TMHC) GHO; 15 km W. of Yellowdine, W.A., M. Hanlon &amp; M. Powell, 20 October 2005, on Urodon sp. flowers .</p><p>Diagnosis. General Diagnosis: length 10.5–12.7 mm; elytra golden-green to coppery, except for the apices which are narrowly reddish-violet or violet; pronotum golden-green laterally, central third more or less extensively reddish-purple except for the midline which is narrowly golden-green; underside pinkish-purple head and underside densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with rather deep round and ovate punctures, with a tendency to form contiguous longitudinal series on the lower part of the vertex; densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to weakly microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, U-shaped, with a complete shiny or weakly microreticulate unpunctured border; clypeal peaks right angled; vertex flat, about half width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate; in the ♀ the expanded part of the segments is more or less triangular, in the ♂ segment 4 is more or less triangular, 5–10 more or less quadrate</p><p>Pronotum: 1.35–1.56 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate with a well developed broad median lobe, the unpunctured anterior border moderately broad to broad, with a well defined groove separating it from the rest of the pronotum; posterior margin moderately strongly biarcuate to bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of mid-length; lateral margins parallel sided or slightly convergent close to the posterior angles, thence weakly divergent to the widest point, before strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, about half to two-thirds complete; punctation in central half moderately dense to dense, consisting mostly of small round punctures, the punctures in the central line slightly denser; punctation in lateral half consisting of larger stronger very dense to contiguous round punctures; very weakly microreticulate between the punctures; with fairly short opaque white pubescence mostly confined to the vicinity of the lateral carina.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate, more or less shield-shaped; about one-fifteenth width of elytra at base; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin moderately strongly biarcuate to bisinuate; not or only very slightly widening over the humeral callosities, almost parallel sided to somewhat beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the moderately broad rounded apices; lateral margins in apical third to half, and apices weakly, but noticeably serrate; sutural margins weakly raised in the apical quarter to half; densely punctured with round punctures near the suture, becoming slightly larger and denser laterally, often contiguous close to the lateral margin; punctures near the subsutural depression sometimes partly seriate, however interstriae not costate; punctation of subsutural depression not obviously weaker than the other punctation; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely to contiguously punctured with large shallow round to ovate setae-bearing punctures, partly obscured by long opaque white setae.</p><p>Prosternum: with a poorly defined narrow bead at the anterior margin, at about the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening posteriorly, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small round punctures, without a line of partly coalescent punctures close to the lateral margin; sparsely to densely clothed with fairly long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: microreticulate, with some to many large shallow setae-bearing punctures present, partly obscured by the long opaque white setae.</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, mostly well separated, but sometimes touching to form short transverse series; ♂ excision shallow about 2-3 times as wide as deep, ♀ excision narrower about 2 times as wide as deep, the distal margin of the flange straight and the lateral spines very short, not as long as the depth of the flange in both sexes.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 180).</p><p>Ovipositor: elongate as in Fig. 11.</p><p>Comments. This subspecies differs from the other subspecies in the following ways: pronotum slightly less flattened laterally; centre of pronotum contrastingly coloured to the rest of the pronotum; slightly broader and better defined anterior border of the pronotum and the more uniform sized punctation of the elytra. It shares with some specimens of the eastern Australian M. p. propinqua the denser punctation in the midline of the pronotum, which is not seen in the other subspecies.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been collected in October on Urodon sp. (Fabaceae) flowers and Otion sp. ( Fabaceae) flowers. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFB8FFB9FF121233C6964F26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFB9FFBEFF121199C5DE4928.text	03E48790FFB9FFBEFF121199C5DE4928.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis propinqua subsp. porteri (Hope 1846)	<div><p>M. propinqua porteri (Hope)</p><p>Buprestis porteri Hope 1846a:63; 1846b:215; Saunders 1868:15; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869:1383; Saunders 1871:44; Kerremans 1892:105; 1903:158; Carter 1923:80; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:430; Cowie 2001:29; Bellamy 2002:161; 2008:1330.</p><p>Type Locality: Victoria, Port Phillip .</p><p>Type specimen examined. Holotype ♂ (OUMNH) P. Philip/ Verified as Type by W. Holland / porteri Hope (red label)/ porteri Hope (white label)/ Type Col: 935, Buprestis porteri Hope.</p><p>Other specimens examined. Victoria: Bendigo; Buchan South; 20 mls W. of Cann River; Cranbourne; Eaglehawk; Eltham; Frankston District; Grampians; Gypsum; Heathmont; Inglewood; Lower Tarwin; Melbourne; 11.3 mls N.W. of Orbost; Pakenham; Ringwood; Rushworth State Forest; Warburton; Warneet; Wilsons Promontory National Park; 29 mls S. of Wodonga; Tasmania: Bridport; Hobart, Goat Hill, Glenlusk; Kingston; 1 m W. of Lady Barron, Flinders Isle; Vinegar Hill, Flinders Isle; A.C.T.: Canberra. Material in AMSA, ANIC, BMNH, BPBM, GBC, ZMHB, IRSNB, MVMA, NMWC, SAMA, UQIC.</p><p>Diagnosis: length 7.3–10.6 mm. This subspecies is characterised by having the inner half of the elytra relatively uniformly punctured with little trace of seriate punctation or costate intervals. From M. p. verna it also differs in having stronger elytral microsculpture and from M. p. propinqua in not having the central line of the pronotum depressed or more densely punctured than the adjacent areas.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected from October–December. Adults have been collected on Dillwynia sp. (Fabaceae) and other Fabaceae (Cowie, 2001) . Larval hosts unknown.</p><p>M. propinqua verna (Hope) stat. rev. (not synonym of propinqua (Laporte &amp; Gory) 1837)</p><p>(Fig. 126, 186)</p><p>Buprestis verna Hope 1846a:63; 1846b:214; Saunders 1868:14; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869:1384; Saunders 1871:44; Masters 1886: 75; Kerremans 1892:107; 1903:158; Carter 1923:80; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:430; Bellamy 2002:161; 2008:1330. Type locality: South Australia, Adelaide.</p><p>Buprestis suaveola Germar 1848:176; Lacordaire 1857:47; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869:1384; Saunders 1871:44; Masters 1886: 75; Blackburn 1887:240; Kerremans 1892:107; 1903:158; Carter 1923:80; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:430; Bellamy 2002:161; 2008:1330. Type locality: South Australia, Adelaide.</p><p>Melobasis prasina Thomson 1879:17; Blackburn 1890:146; Kerremans 1892:107; 1903:158; Carter 1923:80; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:430; Bellamy 2002:161; 2008:1330.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Buprestis verna Holotype ♂ (OUMNH) Adelaide/ verified as Type by W. Holland / verna Hope / Type Col: 934 Buprestis verna Hope.</p><p>Buprestis suaveola Holotype ♂ (BMNH) suaveola Ger. Adelaide / Adelaide 63/ suaveola Germ. Type/ Saunders 74.18.</p><p>Melobasis prasina Holotype ♂ (MNHN) Th. Type / Prasina (Laf.) Th. Type Ap. 1./ EX. MUSAEO JAMES THOMSON.</p><p>Other specimens examined. Victoria: Ashworth; Broken Bucket, Big Desert; Saddle, Big Desert; Gerang Gerung; Grampians; Gypsum; Hattah; Kiata; Kyabram; Lake Hattah; Nurcoung, Little Desert; Murrayville, Big Desert; Traralgon; S. Australia: Adelaide; Adelaide Hills, near Cherry Gardens; Alligator Gorge National Park; Black Hill Scrub, Albulstone; 20 mls W. of Bordertown; Gawler; Granite Knoll, 20 m S.E. of Keith; Kangaroo Island, N.E. River Crossing; Kangaroo Island, 10 ml W. of Vivonne Bay; 1 km W. of Kimba; Kuitpo Forest, Ferries - McDonald National Park; 3 mls S. of Monarto South; north boundary, Parra Wirra National Park; Pinkawillanie National Park, Kimba. Reedy Creek; Reynella; Yorktown. Material in ANIC, BMNH, CLBC, EEAC, GBC, GHNC, ZMHB, IRSNB, MMSA, MVMA, NMWC, SAMA, SWCA.</p><p>Diagnosis. length 8.8–15.3 mm. This subspecies differs from M. p. propinqua in often having the pronotum unpunctured for most of its length in the midline, and in having the interstriae between the lines of partly seriate punctation of the inner half of the elytra almost flat, not costate. Also males of M. p. verna have green elytra with the apices of the elytra crimson or reddish violet, the female elytra being entirely green. This colour dimorphism is not seen in M. p. propinqua . From M. p. porteri it differs in the weak microsculpture of the elytra and the presence of extensive seriate punctation in the inner half of the elytra, and the elytral colour dimorphism mentioned above.</p><p>Comments: Many specimens of M. propinqua sens. lat. from Victoria and S. Australia have characteristics intermediate between M. p. verna and M. p. porteri . It seems likely that there is extensive introgression between these two subspecies in this area. The use of molecular techniques would be helpful in resolving this. I have seen what are subspecifically indeterminate specimens from Victoria; Bendigo; Colac; Inglewood; Big Desert, 12 km N. of Broken Bucket Well; Little Desert, 11 km S. of Kiata; S. Australia: Borossa Reservoir; north boundary Parra Wirra National Park.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected from September to December, but mainly in October and November. Adults commonly collected on Pultenaea spp., ( Fabaceae) with a few records from Platylobium sp., ( Fabaceae); Leptospermum sp., ( Myrtaceae); Baeckea behrii (Schltdl.), ( Myrtaceae); Aotus ericoides (Vent.), ( Fabaceae) and Acacia spp., ( Fabaceae). Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFB9FFBEFF121199C5DE4928	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFBEFFBFFF121793C3BF4B78.text	03E48790FFBEFFBFFF121793C3BF4B78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis rectipilosa Levey 2012	<div><p>M. rectipilosa sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 122, 181)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Moora.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (MVMA) Moora, M. Mules, F. E. Wilson Coll .; / HOLOTYPE, Melobasis rectipilosa sp. n., B. Levey det.;</p><p>16 paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 1♀ (ANIC) 38 km ESE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.53&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.27" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.53/lat -32.27)">Hyden</a>, W.A. (32.27S, 118.53E), 28. x. 1971, N. McFarland ; 1♀ (SAMA) Badjaling, 30. ix. 70, S. Barker; 3 unsexed (MVMA, NMWC) Blue Rock Quarry, 8. 10. 36, H. W. Brown, On Chlorizana [sic Chorizema], F. E. Wilson Collection; 2 unsexed (ANIC) Blue Rock Quarry, 8. 10. 36 ; 1♀ (ANIC) Bluff Knoll Rd., Stirling Nat. Pk., 12. x. 70, D. H. Colless; 1 unsexed (NMWC) Holt Rock, 27. 10. 70; 4 unsexed (AMSA, NMWC) Red Hill, 8. 9. 40, J. W. B.; 2 unsexed (WAMA) Tammin, du Boulay Coll .; 1♀ (WAMA) Wanneru, mileage 28, 4. 10. 36, H. W. Brown; all with my determination labels .</p><p>Other specimens examined. Western Australia: Bunbury; Darlington; National Park; Perth; Spencers Brook; material in ANIC, IRSNB, WAMA.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 7.3–11.7 mm; entirely golden-green or coppery, except for the apical part of the lateral margin of the elytra and elytral apices, which are reddish-violet or greenish-blue; elytral apices narrowly rounded, the sutural margins slightly divergent at the apex; head and underside clothed with long, sparse, silvery white pubescence.</p><p>Head: densely punctured with small shallow punctures which are ovate on the vertex, becoming round on the clypeus; densely clothed with long outstanding silvery white pubescence, the setae only downcurved near the tip (soiled specimens may have the pubescence flattened); moderately strongly to strongly microreticulate; lower part of vertex sometimes depressed in the centre; clypeal excision very shallow, U- or V-shaped, with a shiny or microreticulate, complete, unpunctured border; clypeal peaks right angled; vertex flat or slightly depressed at the centre, slightly more than half width of heads across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, in ♂ segment 4 is triangular and 5–10 more or less quadrate, in ♀ segments 4–10 are more or less triangular.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.52–1.66 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate with a well developed broad median lobe, the unpunctured anterior border broad and well defined at the centre, separated by a well defined groove from the rest of the pronotum; posterior margin moderately strongly biarcuate to bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of mid-length; lateral margins parallel sided close to the posterior angles, thence weakly divergent to the widest point, then moderately strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, half to twothirds complete; punctation in central half moderately dense to dense, consisting mostly of small round punctures, punctation in lateral half consisting of larger stronger very dense to contiguous round punctures; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate between the punctures and sometimes with minute pin-prick punctures as well; sometimes with an incomplete unpunctured median line; glabrous or with a few setae confined to the vicinity of the lateral carina.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate, more or less shield-shaped; about one-sixteenth width of elytra at base; moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin moderately strongly biarcuate to bisinuate; slightly widening over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to somewhat beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the narrowly rounded apices which are slightly divergent at the suture; lateral margins in the apical third and apices weakly to moderately strongly serrate; sutural margins weakly raised in the apical third to half; moderately densely punctured with small round punctures near the suture becoming progressively larger and denser laterally, often contiguous close to the lateral margin; punctures near the subsutural depression uniformly distributed or rarely with very slight indications of seriate punctation; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with large shallow ovate setae-bearing punctures.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow, sometimes poorly defined bead at the anterior margin, at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process widening posteriorly, moderately densely to densely punctured with small to moderately large round punctures, usually with a line of partly coalescent punctures close to the lateral margin; moderately densely clothed with long silvery white pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: strongly microreticulate and with scattered small very weak punctures, and also with a few large shallow setae-bearing punctures near the anterior margin (Fig. 42).</p><p>Apical sternite: with small well separated lunate punctures; excision shallow about 2-4 times as wide as deep, the distal margin of the flange straight and the lateral spines very short, shorter than the depth of the flange in both sexes.</p><p>Tarsal claws: not abruptly widened or toothed at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 181).</p><p>Ovipositor: not examined</p><p>Comments. This species is likely to be mistaken for small individuals of M. cuprifera (Laporte &amp; Gory), but can be distinguished by the narrowly rounded slightly divergent elytral apices and the very long pubescence on the head.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults have been mostly collected in September and October, however, there is a single record from March. Adults have been collected from Chorizema sp. (Fabaceae) . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFBEFFBFFF121793C3BF4B78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFBFFFBDFF121523C5EE4CF8.text	03E48790FFBFFFBDFF121523C5EE4CF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis regalis subsp. regalis Carter	<div><p>M. regalis regalis Carter</p><p>(Figs. 120, 189)</p><p>Melobasis regalis Carter 1923:79, 97: 1929:285; Obenberger 1930:434; Bellamy, 2002:162; 2008:1331. Type locality: Western Australia, Albany.</p><p>Type specimen examined. Holotype (BMNH) ♂? Albany Brewer/ Saunders.74.18/ TYPE H.J.C./ Melobasis / regalis / Carter.</p><p>Other specimens examined. Western Australia: Beverley; Clackline; Cunderdin; Eneabba; Lake Grace; Marloo Station, Wurarga; Mullewa; Murchison; Nerrin Nerrin Station; Paynes Find, 5km S.; Peak Charles National Park; Pumphrey’s Bridge, 12.4 km S.; Spencers Brook; Yellowdine.</p><p>Specimens examined from ANIC, CLBC, IRSNB, MVMA, NMWC, SAMA, SBC, WAMA, ZMHB.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.0–14.0 mm; head, underside and legs except for tarsi, brownish- or greenish-bronze with coppery reflections; tarsi blue or green; pronotum broadly blue-green, golden-green or coppery in the midline, flanked by a pair of broad reddish-copper, blue-black or blackish-purple admedian vittae, which become narrower anteriorly and are sometimes narrowly edged laterally by the same colour as that of the midline; lateral half grey-bronze or violet-blue; elytra dark bluish-green, deep reddish-violet or violet with the following green, golden-green, golden or reddish-copper markings: a sutural vitta in basal third, a broad slightly sinuate vitta just internal of the humeral callosity in basal third, which narrowly extends along the basal margin to the epipleura; a variably shaped median fascia, not reaching the suture or the lateral margins, but sometimes extended towards the base for a short distance at its lateral edge, and sometimes also extending towards the base at its sutural edge to join the sutural vitta; a large elongate pre-apical macula; head and underside moderately densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Head: densely to very densely punctured with small round to ovate punctures; densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to weakly microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, U-shaped, with a fairly broad unpunctured microreticulate border, sometimes wider in the middle; clypeal peaks slightly acute to right angled; vertex flat, slightly less than half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, in ♂ the expanded part of segment 4 almost quadrate, segments 5-10 quadrate, in ♀ segments slightly less quadrate, segments 4 and 5 sometimes almost triangular.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.41–1.58 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate with a well developed broad median lobe, the unpunctured anterior border narrow, but well defined at centre, separated by a well defined groove from the rest of the pronotum; posterior margin weakly bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of midlength, parallel sided for a very short distance in front of the basal angles, thence weakly divergent to the widest point, before weakly curvilinearly converging to the apical angles; as wide as or very slightly narrower than elytra at base; lateral carina half to three-quarters complete, sinuate near basal angle; usually narrowly depressed in the midline sometimes with an incomplete narrowly unpunctured midline, or the punctures denser in the midline depression; punctation of the coppery midline region consisting of dense, small round punctures, punctation of the dark admedian vittae generally less dense and weaker, punctation lateral to the admedian vittae very dense to contiguous, the punctures much larger and stronger; shiny to weakly microreticulate between the punctures and with very minute pinprick punctures as well; lateral third clothed with moderately dense moderately long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Scutellum: more or less shield-shaped, about one-fourteenth to one-sixteenth width of elytra at base; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin weakly bisinuate; not or very slightly widening over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to just beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the narrowly rounded to sub-acute apices; lateral margins in apical half and apices with small, mainly acute serrations; sutural margins raised in the apical half to two-thirds; sparsely to moderately densely punctured with very small round punctures in the subsutural depression, with some short sections of seriate punctation and one or two slightly costate very sparsely punctured interstriae in the inner half; punctation in lateral half dense to very dense, the punctures much larger and stronger than those of the inner half.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with rather small, shallow almost round punctures, mostly obscured by moderately long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: anterior margin at centre without a bead, sometimes a poorly defined narrow bead laterally; posterior part of prosternum and prosternal process often depressed relative to the anterior part of the prosternum; prosternal process moderately widening from base, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small round punctures, sometimes with a line of contiguous, but not coalescent punctures, close to the lateral margin.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: shiny, mirror like, sometimes with sparse tiny inconspicuous punctures at centre, and a few large shallow setae-bearing punctures along the anterior margin.</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, mostly well separated, but sometimes touching near the lateral margin to form short transverse series; ♂ excision shallow U-shaped about 2–4 times as wide as deep; ♀ excision narrower about 1.5–2 times as wide as deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, lateral spines short or very short, much shorter than the depth of the flange in both sexes.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 189): rather narrow, gradually widening from base to beyond mid-length.</p><p>Ovipositor: not examined.</p><p>Comments. In the field this species might be mistaken for some forms of M. g. gloriosa (Laporte &amp; Gory) with similar markings, but can be distinguished by its obvious opaque white pubescence, in contrast to the inconspicuous translucent silvery pubescence in M. g. gloriosa, and the thin only slightly curved mid tibia of the male, in contrast to the strongly curved and swollen tibia in male M. g. gloriosa .</p><p>Bionomics: Adults collected from September to December. Adults collected on Mirbelia seorsifolia (F. Muell.), ( Fabaceae). Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFBFFFBDFF121523C5EE4CF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFBDFFC2FF1212A9C4DC4E63.text	03E48790FFBDFFC2FF1212A9C4DC4E63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis regalis subsp. carnabyorum Levey 2012	<div><p>M. regalis carnabyorum ssp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 121, 190)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, 7 miles E. of Coral Bay .</p><p>Type specimens: Holotype (ANIC) ♂ W. Australia: 7m. E. of Coral Bay, / near Cardabia, Minilya–Learmonth Rd. 1.ix.1974 / K. &amp; E. Carnaby . Paratypes 1♂ same data as Holotype but 7.ix.1974, B. Levey (NMWC); 2♂, 1♀ Coral Bay, W.A., 16.9.77. K. Carnaby (GBC) .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.2–10.2 mm; head underside and legs reddish-purple or bronze-green with reddish-purple reflections, tarsi blue; pronotum broadly light green or golden-green in the midline, flanked by a pair of crimson or blue-black admedian vittae, which become much narrower anteriorly, and are narrowly edged laterally by the same colour as that of the midline; lateral half deep reddish-violet; ground colour of elytra crimson, sometimes partly suffused with greenish-blue, with the following golden-green markings: a sutural vitta in the basal third, which extends narrowly or broadly along the basal margin to join a very broad irregular elongate vitta extending from the basal margin to the apical sixth; head and underside moderately densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Head: densely to very densely punctured with small round to ovate punctures; densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence; unpunctured areas microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, U-shaped, with a fairly broad unpunctured microreticulate border, much wider in the middle; clypeal peaks right angled; vertex flat, about half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, in ♂ the expanded part of segment 4 almost quadrate, segments 5–10 quadrate, ♀ not examined.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.41–1.44 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate with a well developed broad median lobe, the unpunctured anterior border narrow, but well defined at centre, separated by a well defined groove from the rest of the pronotum; posterior margin weakly bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of mid-length, parallel sided for a very short distance in front of the basal angles, thence rather strongly divergent to the widest point, before rather strongly curvilinearly converging to the apical angles; slightly narrower than elytra at base; lateral carina half to three-quarters complete, slightly sinuate near basal angle; narrowly depressed in the midline sometimes with an incomplete narrowly unpunctured midline, or the punctures denser in the midline depression; punctation of the green midline region consisting of dense, small round punctures, punctation of the dark admedian vittae generally less dense and weaker, punctation lateral to the admedian vittae very dense to contiguous, the punctures much larger and stronger; shiny to weakly microreticulate between the punctures and with very minute pin-prick punctures as well; lateral third clothed with moderately dense moderately long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Scutellum: shield-shaped or ovate, about one-sixteenth width of elytra at base; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin weakly bisinuate; very slightly widening over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to just beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the sub-acute apices; lateral margins in apical half and apices with small, mainly acute serrations; sutural margins raised in the apical half to two-thirds; moderately densely punctured with small round punctures in the subsutural depression, with a costate, very sparsely punctured interval adjacent to the subsutural depression; punctation lateral to the costate interval very dense to contiguous, the punctures much larger and stronger than those of the subsutural depression.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with rather small, shallow almost round punctures, mostly obscured by moderately long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: anterior margin at centre without a bead, sometimes with a narrow bead laterally; posterior part of prosternum slightly depressed relative to the anterior part of the prosternum; prosternal process slightly widening from base, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small round punctures, sometimes with a line of contiguous, but not coalescent punctures close to the lateral margin.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: shiny or very weakly microreticulate with a few large shallow setae-bearing punctures along the anterior margin.</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, mostly well separated, but sometimes touching near the lateral margin to form short transverse series; ♂ excision shallow U-shaped about 2 times as wide as deep; ♀ excision not examined; the distal margin of the flange straight, lateral spines short or very short, much shorter than the depth of the flange.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 190): rather narrow, gradually widening from base to beyond mid-length.</p><p>Ovipositor: not examined.</p><p>Comments. This very distinct subspecies is not likely to be confused with any other known species, although in the field could be mistaken for some colour forms of M. g. gloriosa . It can be distinguished from this species by its opaque white pubescence (not translucent silvery pubescence) and the thin straight mid tibia of the male (not swollen, with a setae filled depression on the underside).</p><p>Etymology. This subspecies was called M. carnabyi and imaged in Carnaby (1987:58), but not formally described. This subspecies is named after the late Keith and Edie Carnaby who generously allowed me to accompany them on a collecting trip up the west coast of Australia in 1974.</p><p>Bionomics: Adults collected in September. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFBDFFC2FF1212A9C4DC4E63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFC2FFC3FF1210D0C54F49B3.text	03E48790FFC2FFC3FF1210D0C54F49B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis simulata Levey 2012	<div><p>M. simulata sp. n.</p><p>(Fig. 124, 182)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Katanning.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (ANIC) Katanning, W.A., 11.10.1951 I.F.B. Common / HOLOTYPE Melobasis simulata sp. n. B. Levey det.</p><p>8 paratypes as follows; W. Australia: 1♂, 1♀, (CLBC) Lake Grace, W.A. 10.ix.71. K. &amp; E. Carnaby. On Mirbelia seorsifolia; 1♀, (WAMA) Wembley, 48-1801; 3♂, 2♀, (MVMA, NMWC) Narrogin, W.A. 28.10.37. H.W. Brown. F.E. Wilson Coll .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 7.7–11.7 mm; head, pronotum and elytra green or olive-green sometimes with extensive coppery reflections; underside darker than the upperside, reddish-purple or blackish-lilac; head and underside moderately densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Head: very densely to contiguously punctured with rather deep, ovate punctures mostly arranged in longitudinally orientated series; moderately densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny; clypeal excision very shallow, with an unpunctured, sometimes poorly developed, weakly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks right angled; vertex flat, about half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately strongly to strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate; in the ♀ the expanded part of the segments is more or less triangular, in the ♂ segment 4 is more or less triangular, 5–10 more or less quadrate</p><p>Pronotum: 1.50–1.72 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin weakly to moderately strongly bisinuate with a poorly developed to well developed broad median lobe, the unpunctured anterior border broad with a well defined groove, separating it from the rest of the pronotum; posterior margin moderately strongly biarcuate to bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of mid-length; lateral margins weakly diverging from the posterior angles to widest point, then strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, about half to two-thirds complete; punctation in central half sparse to moderately dense, consisting mostly of small round punctures, often with an incomplete unpunctured central line, punctation in lateral half consisting of larger, stronger, very dense round punctures; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate between the punctures and usually with minute pin-prick punctures as well; with moderately long opaque white pubescence mostly confined to the vicinity of the lateral carina.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate, more or less shield-shaped; about one-fifteenth width of elytra at base; shiny to weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin weakly biarcuate to bisinuate; slightly widening over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to somewhat beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the moderately broad rounded apices; lateral margins in apical quarter to third and apices weakly, but obviously serrate; sutural margins weakly raised in the apical quarter to half; moderately densely punctured with small round punctures near the suture becoming progressively larger and denser laterally, often contiguous close to the lateral margin; punctures near the subsutural depression often partly seriate, however the associated interstriae not costate; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely to contiguously punctured with large shallow ovate punctures, partly obscured by long opaque white setae.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, sometimes poorly defined in the middle, at about the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening posteriorly, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small round punctures, usually with a line of partly coalescent punctures close to the lateral margin; sparsely to densely clothed with fairly long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: shiny or microreticulate, partly punctured with very small punctures (Fig. 38).</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, mostly well separated, however, sometimes touching to form short transverse series; ♂ excision shallow about 2-3 times as wide as deep, ♀ excision narrower about 2 times as wide as deep, the distal margin of the flange straight and the lateral spines very short, much shorter than the depth of the flange in both sexes.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig 182): parameres widest beyond the mid-length.</p><p>Ovipositor: Not examined.</p><p>Comments. This species most resembles M. propinqua verna in being green and having the elytral apices of a crimson or reddish violet colour. It differs from M. p. verna in that both males and females have this colouration; in the form of the aedeagus; the mesoepisternal sculpture which does not have any large shallow setae-bearing punctures; the slightly broader and usually better defined anterior beaded margin of the pronotum, and in the slightly more transverse pronotum, however, this is not absolutely diagnostic as some specimens of M. propinqua verna I have seen have an equally transverse pronotum</p><p>Etymology: This species is named for its similarity to M. propinqua verna .</p><p>Bionomics: Adults collected in September and October. Adults collected on Mirbelia seorsifolia (F. Muell.), ( Fabaceae). Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFC2FFC3FF1210D0C54F49B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFC3FFC1FF121660C4024C6E.text	03E48790FFC3FFC1FF121660C4024C6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis uniformis Carter B. Levey 1923	<div><p>M. uniformis Carter</p><p>(Fig. 125, 183)</p><p>Melobasis uniformis Carter 1923:87; 1929:286; Obenberger 1930:435; Bellamy 2002:165; 2008:1335.</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Beverley .</p><p>Melobasis subconica Carter 1923:86 . syn. n.; Obenberger 1930:435; Bellamy 2002:165; 2008:1334.</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Geraldton .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Melobasis uniformis Lectotype ♂ (here designated) (MVMA), Beverley W.A./ Type ♂ H.J.C./ H.J. Carter Coll. p. 20.4.22./ M. uniformis Cart. Id. by H.J. Carter/ Type ♂ / LECTOTYPE Melobasis uniformis Carter B. Levey det. 3 Paralectotypes (AMSA) Beverley W.A. F.H. du Boulay; two with label saying K.K. Spence Coll.; one labelled Co-Type H.J.C., 2940 Melobasis uniformis Carter Id by H.J. Carter, Paratype, A.H. Elston Collection. 2 paralectotypes (SAMA) one with C 1709 (on mounting card), Type H.J.C., Melobasis uniformis Carter Id by H.J. Carter, one with 1709 (on mounting card), Cotype H.J.C., W. Aus. Blackburn Coll.</p><p>Melobasis subconica Lectotype ♂ (here designated) (MVMA), Geraldton H.W. Brown / Type ♂ H.J.C. / Type ♂ / Melobasis subconica Carter Id. by H.J. Carter / LECTOTYPE Melobasis subconica Carter B. Levey det.</p><p>Other specimens examined. Western Australia: Babakin; Beverley; 7 mls S.W. of Beverley; 14 km &amp; 32 km N. of Bindoon; Boxwood Hill; Brookton; 53 ml peg Brookton Highway; Chittering Rd., Bullsbrook; Burracoppin; Corackerup Reserve; Dedari; East Wickepin; Eradu; Furnicedale; Geraldton; 20 km S. of Hyden; Jandakot; Kalbarri; Katanning; Kojonup; Korrelocking; Lake Bryde; Lake Grace; Mt. Ridley, Esperance District; Mundaring; Narrogin; Ongerup; 13 mls E. of Pingrup; Ravensthorpe; 25 mls W. of Ravensthorpe; Southern Cross; Spencers Brook; Swan River; Tammin; Tone Bridge; 14.5 km south of Toodyay; Wembley; West Australia National Park; 5.5 km west of Wongan Hills; Wurunga. Material in AMSA, ANIC, ASC, BMNH, CLBC, GWC, IRSNB, KECC, MMSA, NMWC, SAMA, SWC, WADA, WAMA.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 8.6–15.5 mm; usually entirely brown-bronze; very rarely green or coppery; underside densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence which partly obscures the underlying punctation</p><p>Head: densely punctured with fairly small round to ovate punctures; moderately densely clothed with moderately long opaque white pubescence; unpunctured areas weakly to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, U-shaped, with a narrow to rather broad complete unpunctured strongly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks acute to right angled; vertex flat, sometimes weakly broadly depressed at centre in lower third; about half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly to very strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, the expanded part of the segments are more or less triangular in ♀, in ♂ segment 4 more or less triangular, segments 5–10 more or less quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.47–1.59 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate with a well developed broad median lobe, the unpunctured anterior border broad and well defined at the centre, separated by a well defined groove from the rest of the pronotum; posterior margin weakly biarcuate to bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of mid-length; lateral margins parallel sided or slightly diverging posteriorly for a short distance in front of the posterior angles, thence weakly divergent to the widest point, before strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, half to two-thirds complete; punctation in central half moderately dense to dense, consisting mostly of small round punctures, punctation in lateral half consisting of larger, stronger, very dense to contiguous round punctures; shiny to moderately strongly microreticulate between the punctures and sometimes with minute pin-prick punctures as well; sometimes with a small roughly ovate unpunctured area on either side of the midline in the anterior half, and more rarely with traces of a narrow incomplete unpunctured midline; with fairly short opaque white pubescence confined to the vicinity of the lateral carina.</p><p>Scutellum: approximately quadrate, more or less shield-shaped; about one-fifteenth width of elytra at base; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin weakly biarcuate to bisinuate; slightly widening over the humeral callosities, thence almost parallel sided to somewhat beyond the mid-length, before narrowing to the moderately broadly rounded apices; lateral margins in apical third and apices weakly serrate; sutural margins weakly raised in the apical quarter to half; moderately densely punctured with small round punctures near the suture becoming progressively larger and denser laterally, often contiguous close to the lateral margin; punctation with scarcely any indication of longitudinal seriation; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with large shallow ovate setae-bearing punctures, largely obscured by long opaque white setae.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow, sometimes poorly defined bead at the anterior margin, at the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening posteriorly, sparsely to moderately densely punctured with small to moderately large round punctures, usually with a line of partly coalescent punctures close to the lateral margin; sparsely to moderately densely clothed with fairly long opaque white pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: strongly microreticulate and with scattered small very weak punctures, rarely also with a few large round shallow setae-bearing punctures present.</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, mostly well separated, but sometimes touching to form short transverse series; excision shallow about 3–5 times as wide as deep, the distal margin of the flange straight, lateral spines scarcely developed or absent.</p><p>Tarsal claws: not abruptly widened or toothed at base.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 183): parameres usually slightly widening from base to widest point, but sometimes almost parallel sided in basal half.</p><p>Ovipositor (Fig. 11): elongate about five times as long as wide at base.</p><p>Comments. The differences between this species and M. cuprifera are very slight. The elytral punctation in M. cuprifera often shows some longitudinal seriation in the inner half, which is rarely shown by M. uniformis . The male genitalia are slightly different in shape, but show some variability. The pubescence of the underside is slightly less dense in M. cuprifera . The locality data indicates they are rarely collected together, which suggests that they may have different ecological requirements and /or hosts.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected from August–December, but mainly August–October. Adults occur on Gastrolobium spinosum Benth., ( Fabaceae); G. floribundum S. Moore, ( Fabaceae); Mirbelia seorsifolia (F. Muell.), ( Fabaceae); Leucopogon sp., ( Ericaceae). Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFC3FFC1FF121660C4024C6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFC1FFC1FF1211B9C2F34B6F.text	03E48790FFC1FFC1FF1211B9C2F34B6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis gloriosa (Laporte & Gory 1837)	<div><p>Key to the gloriosa species-group</p><p>1 Base of elytra markedly biarcuate; each elytron with traces of four costae; upperside and underside golden-green, the elytra with a specifically diagnostic blackish-lilac pattern (Fig. 129) M. eximia sp. n.</p><p>- Without the above combination of characters................................................................ 2</p><p>2 Mesoepisternum with numerous large round setae-bearing punctures (Fig. 44); elytra with two or three costae; elytra with well defined vittae and fasciae (Fig. 140)........................................................... M. similis sp. n.</p><p>- Mesoepisternum without or with very few large round setae-bearing punctures, but with few to many small non setae-bearing punctures; elytra usually with at most only one costa; elytra with or without well defined vittae and fasciae.............. 3</p><p>3 Large, robust, entirely brown-bronze species (Fig. 141); length 14–21mm ............................ M. robusta Carter</p><p>- Smaller, less robust species, very variable in colour and markings; length 8–14mm .................................. 4</p><p>4 Lateral half of pronotum clothed with fairly long conspicuous pubescence; mesoepisternum shiny, mirror like, unpunctured except at the margins; underside densely clothed with long conspicuous pubescence; uniformly greyish bronze (Fig. 131)........................................................................................ M. specularis sp. n.</p><p>- Lateral half of pronotum glabrous or with pubescence only close to the lateral carina, without the other characteristics combined............................................................................................... 5</p><p>5 Underside densely clothed with long pubescence, particularly conspicuous on the prosternal process; narrow species (Fig. 130); aedeagus very elongate (Fig. 192)....................................................... M. angusta sp. n.</p><p>- Underside usually less densely clothed with shorter pubescence; less narrow species (Figs. 132–139); aedeagus less elongate (Figs. 193, 194)....................................................................................... 6</p><p>6 Subspecies from New South Wales; consistently sexually dichromatic, females entirely brown- or grey-bronze (Fig.138); males with the head and underside entirely golden-green, pronotum golden-green with a pair of coppery or purple-brown admedian vittae in the basal two-thirds, elytra coppery or purple-brown with the suture in the basal fifth and a broad oblique vitta extending from the base almost to the apex golden-green, (sometimes the vitta is divided just behind the middle) (Fig. 139); elytra usually with a well defined costa lateral to the subsutural depression, and sometimes traces of a second; punctation of elytra lateral to the costa with scarcely any indications of seriation.................... M. gloriosa cruentata Thomson</p><p>- Subspecies from W. Australia; colour and markings very variable, not consistently sexually dichromatic (Figs. 132–137); elytra sometimes with, however, often without a well defined costa lateral to the subsutural depression; punctation in central third of elytra usually partly seriate.......................................... M. gloriosa gloriosa (Laporte &amp; Gory)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFC1FFC1FF1211B9C2F34B6F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFC1FFC6FF1215D0C36B4AC0.text	03E48790FFC1FFC6FF1215D0C36B4AC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis angusta Levey 2012	<div><p>M. angusta sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 130, 192)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Cunderdin .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (WAMA) Cunderdin, W.A. Aug.–Sept. 1913, 8045A/ M. superba / HOLOTYPE ♂ Melobasis angusta sp. n. B. Levey 2010. Paratypes as follows: Western Australia: 2♂ (WAMA, NMWC) same data as Holotype but 8045 C and 8045 D; 1♂ (WAMA) 48 – 2980, Kukerin / M. superba; 1♂ (WAMA) 48– 2180, Merredin / M. superba . 1♀ (ANIC) Cunderdin .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 7.8–10.2 mm; ♂ head with frontoclypeus and lower three-quarters of vertex bright green with coppery reflections, upper quarter of vertex deep purple, ♀ dark brown-bronze; ♂ central half of pronotum reddish-purple, violet-blue or bluish-green, lateral half bright green sometimes with a coppery reflection, ♀ entirely blackish-bronze; scutellum bright green or golden; elytra deep purple-brown, with the following bright green to golden markings: a poorly defined sutural vitta in the basal seventh; an elongate humeral vitta slightly more than one-quarter the length of the elytra; a sinuate transverse median fascia extending from the subsutural depression to about the lateral third of the elytra; a slightly elongate pre-apical macula; ♂ underside bright green, sometimes with coppery reflections, ♀ blackish-olive to brownish-bronze; whole of underside moderately densely clothed with moderately long to long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: very densely to contiguously punctured with small strong punctures, which partly coalesce to form dorso-ventrally orientated series on the lower half to two-thirds of the head; densely clothed with long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny; clypeal excision very shallow, U-shaped, with an unpunctured shiny or microreticulate border; clypeal peaks acute; vertex flat, slightly less than three-fifths width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, in ♂ the expanded part of the segments is quadrate, except segment 4 which is triangular, in ♀ the expanded part of all segments more or less triangular.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.40–1.58 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a strongly produced median lobe; anterior beaded margin narrow, but well defined; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at mid-length; lateral margins parallel sided for a short distant in front of posterior angles, before strongly diverging to mid-length, then strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide at base as elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to two-thirds complete; punctation dense medially, consisting of small round punctures, punctures becoming progressively larger and very dense laterally; sometimes with traces of an unpunctured midline; sometimes with a small well marked depression near the lateral margin just behind the midlength; shiny to weakly microsculptured; with some moderately long silvery pubescence close to the lateral margin.</p><p>Scutellum: roughly shield-shaped, microsculptured, depressed at centre, about one-twelfth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.26–2.43 times as long as wide at base; basal margin weakly to moderately strongly bisinuate; slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence parallel sided to slightly beyond mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins in apical two-fifths and apices with acute serrations; sutural margins slightly raised in apical third; with a well marked costate interval next to the subsutural depression; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with very small round punctures; lateral to the costate interval the punctures become progressively larger and denser, becoming contiguous towards the lateral margin where they form short transverse series; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with fairly small shallow ovate punctures, partly obscured by moderately dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a poorly defined bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening distally, densely punctured with small round punctures, with a groove formed from contiguous punctures close to the lateral margin for its entire length; densely clothed with long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: shiny, with numerous very small variably shaped punctures.</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, sometimes partly coalescent and forming short transverse series near the lateral margin; excision shallow crescent-shaped about twice as wide as deep, the lateral spines only slightly developed.</p><p>Mid tibia: ♂ curved, rather swollen, with a long setae-filled depression on the ventral face, ♀ slightly curved, without a setae-filled depression.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 192): very long and narrow; apical setae-bearing part of parameres with long fine setae only.</p><p>Comments: This species is only likely to be confused with some forms of M. g. gloriosa having similar elytral and pronotal markings. The much longer and denser pubescence on the head and prosternal process, and the narrower shape will distinguish it from M. g. gloriosa .</p><p>Etymology. This species is named from its narrow shape.</p><p>Bionomics. Adult collected in August–September. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFC1FFC6FF1215D0C36B4AC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFC7FFC4FF1213CBC4174DA3.text	03E48790FFC7FFC4FF1213CBC4174DA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis eximia Levey 2012	<div><p>M. eximia sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 129, 195, 218)</p><p>Type locality: Northern Territory, Tennant Creek — Newcastle Waters .</p><p>Type specimen examined. Holotype ♂ (ANIC) N. Territory: Tennant Creek – Newcastle Waters. 16 March 1971. K. &amp; E. Carnaby / My determination label.</p><p>Description based on male. Female unknown.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.7 mm; head, pronotum and underside golden-green; ground colour of elytra blackish-lilac, with a complex golden-green pattern resulting from the expansion and fusion of a sutural vitta in the basal quarter broadly extending along the basal margin to the epipleura, a broad humeral vitta extending over the humeral callosity to the epipleura, a median fascia and pre-apical macula also extending laterally to the epipleura; head and underside clothed with short translucent silvery white pubescence.</p><p>Head: very densely to contiguously punctured with fairly small round punctures; densely clothed with short translucent silvery white pubescence; unpunctured areas moderately strongly to strongly microreticulate; clypeal excision shallow, U-shaped, with a narrow unpunctured shiny border; clypeal peaks slightly acute; vertex flat, slightly less than half width of head across the eyes when viewed from above; eyes very strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the expanded part of segments 4–5 almost triangular, segments 6–10 becoming progressively shorter, wider than long, and the expanded part less triangular.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.65 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a well developed broad median lobe, the anterior bead is narrow and fairly well defined at the centre, separated from the rest of the pronotum by a well defined groove, however, laterally the bead and groove are absent; posterior margin very strongly bisinuate, with a very broad truncated median lobe; widest just anterior of the basal angles, thence parallel sided to slightly beyond the mid-length before curvilinearly contracting to the anterior angles; as wide at base as elytra at base; lateral carina about half complete; with a rather broad unpunctured midline except at the anterior fifth; punctation in central fifth sparse to moderately dense, consisting of small round punctures, laterally the punctures become progressively larger and denser, but shallower in the lateral quarter; weakly to moderately strongly microreticulate between the punctures; glabrous, even close to the lateral carina.</p><p>Scutellum: transversely elliptical, about twice as wide as long, about one-tenth width of elytra at base, weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Elytra: basal margin very strongly bisinuate; slightly widening over the humeral callosities, thence parallel sided to slightly beyond mid-length, before narrowing to the broadly rounded apices; lateral margins in apical third and apices with small slightly acute serrations; sutural margins raised in apical half; with indications of three costate intervals, the one nearest the suture being best developed; sparsely punctured with very small round punctures between the suture and the first costate interval; lateral of the first costate interval the punctures become progressively much larger, stronger and denser; in the lateral third the punctures become contiguous and sometimes coalesce to form short transverse series; punctation adjacent to the costate intervals not seriate; shiny to very weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely punctured with large very shallow, round punctures; associated setae very short and inconspicuous.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow well defined bead at the centre of the anterior margin, which becomes obsolete laterally; anterior margin depressed relative to the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening posteriorly, sparsely to densely punctured with small round punctures, with a line of coalescent punctures close to the lateral margin; sparsely clothed with short translucent silvery white pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: partly weakly microreticulate, and densely punctured with weak small, variably shaped punctures.</p><p>Apical sternite (Fig. 218): densely punctured with rather large lunate punctures which are mainly coalescent and form sinuate transverse series; excision shallow, U-shaped about 2.5 times as wide as deep, the flange narrow, the lateral spines about as long as the depth of the flange.</p><p>Mid tibia: strongly swollen with a large setae-filled depression on the ventral face (as Fig. 49).</p><p>Tarsal claws: apical part very slender and strongly curved, almost forming a right angle with the strongly widened basal part.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 195): apical part of parameres with small stout spine-like setae in addition long fine setae; parameres strongly constricted just behind the apical setae-bearing part.</p><p>Comments. This species is very distinct and cannot be confused with any other known species.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named for its unusual (exceptional) appearance.</p><p>Bionomics. Adult collected in March. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFC7FFC4FF1213CBC4174DA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFC4FFCAFF121218C4734F98.text	03E48790FFC4FFCAFF121218C4734F98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis gloriosa subsp. gloriosa (Laporte & Gory)	<div><p>M. gloriosa gloriosa (Laporte &amp; Gory)</p><p>(Figs. 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 193)</p><p>Buprestis (Melobasis) gloriosa (Laporte &amp; Gory) 1837:123, pl. 31 fig.170; Saunders 1868:14; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869:1383; Saunders 1871:44; Masters 1886:73; Kerremans 1892:104; 1903:158; Carter 1923:80, 81; 1929:285; Obenberger 1930:431; Bellamy 2002:152; 2008:1322.</p><p>Type locality: Australia (Nouvelle Hollande)</p><p>Melobasis pulchra Blackburn 1891:294; Kerremans 1903:160; Carter1923:81; 1929:285; Obenberger 1930:431; Bellamy 2002:152; 2008:1322.</p><p>Type locality: N. Territory, Macdonnell Ranges (from original description).</p><p>Melobasis cuprina Kerremans 1898:122 syn. n.; 1903:158; Carter 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:430; Bellamy 2002:150; 2008:1319.</p><p>Type locality: Australia</p><p>Melobasis bimetallica Carter 1923 b:88 syn. n.; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:428: Bellamy 2002:147; 2008:1316.</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Perth .</p><p>Buprestis gloriosa Hope 1836:7 (nom. nud.; unavailable name); Saunders 1868:14; Gemminger &amp; Harold 1869:1383; Obenberger 1956:135.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Buprestis (Melobasis) gloriosa (Laporte &amp; Gory) Holotype ♂ (MNHN) Type // Melobasis gloriosa C. et G. Type // [no original labels].</p><p>Melobasis pulchra Blackburn Holotype ♂ (SAMA) S. Australia / Melobasis pulchra Blackb. C.S. Australia / Type/ This is merely a dark coloured ex. of Melobasis gloriosa C. &amp; G. Id. by H.J. Carter/ Type ♂ / Type of Melobasis pulchra Blkb.</p><p>Melobasis cuprina Kerremans Holotype ♂ (BMNH) Australie Mus. Stuttg./ cuprina Kerr. Type/ M. cuprina Kerr. Australie / Kerremans 1903 -59.</p><p>Melobasis bimetallica Carter Holotype ♂ (MVMA) Perth W.A. / C. French’s Coll. 511.08/ Type ♂ H.J.C. / Melobasis bimetallica Carter Id. by H.J. Carter / Type ♂.</p><p>Buprestis gloriosa Hope ♂ Verified as Type by W. Holland / gloriosa Hope. S.R. / Type Col. 937, Buprestis gloriosa Hope.</p><p>Other specimens examined. Western Australia: Albany; Albany, 89 km N.; Armadale, 13 ml. S.E.; Bannister, 8ml N.E.; Beachborough; Beverley; Beverley, 42 km S.W.; Boxwood Hill; Brookton Highway–Beverley T.O.; Broomhill; Bullsbrook; Burracoppin; Cannington; Chittering; Denmark; Dryandra; Dunsborough; Geraldton; Gingin; Gnangara; Gosnells, Swan River; Hamel; Hopetown (Hopetoun?); Hyden; Jandakot; Kalamunda; Kalamunda, 6 miles E.; King Georges Sound (Albany); 5km S. of Kirup; Kojonup, 25km N.; Kookynick (Kookynie?); Lake Grace; Lime Lake; Lake Lockhart, 17km S. of Newdegate; Margaret River; Midland; Mogumber; Moore River; Mount Barker; Mount Cooke, Albany highway; Mount Drummond; Mt. Dale; Mundaring; Napier; Narrogin; Naval Base; Nedlands; North Dandalup; North Gingin; Owingup Swamp, Kent Rd.; Perth (Swan River); Pinjarra; Southern Cross; Tammin; Wannamal; Wanneru; Waroona; Watning (Wattening?); Wembley Park; Wilga; Yallingup; Yanchep; Yarloop; material in AMSA, ANIC, ASC, BMNH, BPBM, CLBC, GHNC, IRSNB, MMSA, MPC, MVMA, NMWC, OUMNH, SAMA, TMSHC, UQA, WADA, WAMA, ZMC, ZMHB.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 6.1–14.8mm; colour and elytral markings very variable (see under comments); underside sparsely to moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence which does not obscure the underlying punctation.</p><p>Head: very densely to contiguously punctured with small strong ovate punctures, which partly coalesce to form dorso-ventrally orientated series on the lower half to two-thirds of the head; sparsely clothed with short inconspicuous silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas moderately strongly microsculptured; clypeal excision very shallow, U-shaped, with an unpunctured shiny or microreticulate border which is sometimes poorly developed; clypeal peaks almost rounded to acute; vertex flat, about half to three fifths width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes moderately strongly to strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, in ♂ the expanded part of the segments is quadrate, except segment 4 which is triangular, in ♀ the expanded part of segment 4 is triangular, segments 5–10 are sub-quadrate.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.36–1.56 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a strongly produced median lobe; anterior beaded margin well defined; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at or slightly in front of the mid-length; lateral margins parallel sided for a short distant in front of posterior angles before diverging to the widest point, or widening from posterior angles to the widest point, then strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; slightly narrower, to as wide at base as elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation moderately dense to dense in central half, consisting of small round punctures, punctures larger and very dense in lateral half; without an unpunctured midline; usually with a well marked depression near the lateral margin just behind the mid-length; shiny to weakly microsculptured; glabrous or with very sparse short silvery pubescence adjacent to the lateral carina.</p><p>Scutellum: transversely ovate or roughly shield-shaped, microsculptured, about one-eleventh to one-sixteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.05–2.19 times as long as wide at base; basal margin moderately strongly bisinuate; slightly to moderately strongly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence parallel sided to slightly beyond midlength, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins in apical quarter to third and apices with weak, obtuse or slightly acute serrations; sutural margins slightly raised in apical third; subsutural depression sparsely punctured with small round punctures; lateral to the subsutural depression the punctation in the internal half is partly arranged in longitudinal series, but not regularly punctate-striate; punctation in external half denser and often forming short transverse series; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with fairly small shallow ovate punctures, partly obscured by moderately dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly to strongly widening distally, sparsely punctured with very small round punctures, with a groove formed from contiguous punctures close to the lateral margin; sparsely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: shiny or weakly microsculptured with none to numerous very small variably shaped punctures.</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, mostly well separated but sometimes partly coalescent and forming short transverse series near the lateral margin; excision shallow crescent-shaped about twice as wide as deep in ♂, as wide to twice as wide as deep in ♀, the lateral spines not or only slightly developed.</p><p>Mid tibia: ♂ curved, rather swollen, with a long setae-filled depression on the ventral face; ♀ slightly curved, without a setae-filled depression.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 193): apical setae-bearing part of parameres with long fine setae only.</p><p>Comments. M. gloriosa gloriosa (Laporte &amp; Gory) is exceedingly variable, in size, colour and markings. The main variation is in the form of the elytral markings and to a lesser extent the pronotal markings. The different types of elytral markings appear to be partly sex related, however, not in the constant way they are in M. gloriosa cruentata . The majority of the specimens of both sexes examined have discrete and well defined elytral markings (111 ♂, 66 ♀) (Figs. 132, 133), this corresponds to the holotype of M. gloriosa gloriosa (Laporte &amp; Gory), however, a significant number of males and to a lesser extent females have reduced elytral markings sometimes with the loss of the pre-apical macula (51 ♂, 15 ♀) (Fig.134, 135). The other major form lacks elytral markings and is the same colour as the female of M. gloriosa cruentata, and is almost confined to the female (2 ♂, 60 ♀) (Fig.137); this corresponds to the Holotype of M. cuprina Kerremans. I have also seen a small number of specimens in which the elytral markings are expanded to produce a form resembling the male M. gloriosa cruentata, these being mostly males (10 ♂, 2 ♀), and a slightly larger number of specimens, again mostly male, in which the markings are greatly expanded to produce a form in which the elytra are largely green or golden (18 ♂, 4 ♀). All the colour forms can occur in the same area.</p><p>M. Powell (pers. comm.) believes there are two major types with different, but overlapping distributions, different emergence times and different adult host usage. Namely a small form 7–10 mm in length, adult from late August to November, which frequents flowers of Fabaceae and occurs on the Swan Coastal Plain, the Darling Scarp and the central wheat belt. This would correspond with the Holotype of M. cuprina Kerremans. A larger form 10–15mm in length, which is adult in November, and frequents the new growth of a variety of plants, as well as flowering Eucalyptus and Nuytsia species. This second form occurs on the Swan Coastal Plain north to Arrowsmith, the Darling Scarp and southern mallee areas. This would correspond with the Holotype of M. gloriosa gloriosa (Laporte &amp; Gory) . I have dissected males of the different types and can find no consistent difference in the overall form of the aedeagus, although males of the small form often have the apex of the median lobe more acutely produced than in males of the large form. It seems possible that the extreme variation seen in M. g. gloriosa is the result of introgression between formerly geographically isolated populations, as a result of climatic fluctuations during the quaternary period. Isolated populations might have diverged genetically but if they had not acquired different specific mate recognition systems, then genetic introgression could occur when the populations came back into contact. The use of molecular techniques would be very valuable in understanding the status of the different forms.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected between late August and January, but with most records from November and December. Adults have been collected on the following genera of Fabaceae: Acacia, Daviesi, Dillwynia, Gompholobium, Jacksonia and Mirbelia, and the following genera of other families. Casuarinaceae: Casuarina sens. lat.. Loranthaceae: Nuytsia . Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus, Melaleuca . Proteaceae: Adenanthus, Hakea . Xanthorrhoeaceae: Xanthorrhoea . Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFC4FFCAFF121218C4734F98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFCAFFCAFF121043C5B34A8D.text	03E48790FFCAFFCAFF121043C5B34A8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Buprestis gloriosa subsp. cruentata	<div><p>M. gloriosa cruentata</p><p>(Figs. 138, 139, 194)</p><p>Melobasis cruentata Thomson 1879:21; Kerremans 1992:104; 1903:158; Carter1923:81; 1929:284; Obenberger 1930:429; Bellamy 2002:148; Bellamy 2008:1318. Type locality: Australia.</p><p>Melobasis puncticollis Blackburn 1887:239; Kerremans 1992:105; 1903:160; Carter 1923:81; 1929:284; Bellamy 2002:148; Bellamy 2008:1318. Type locality: Unknown.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Melobasis cruentata Thomson Holotype ♂ (MNHN) Th. TYPE/ cruentata (Laf.) Th. Type Ap. 1, 21/ Ex. MUSAEO JAMES THOMSON.</p><p>Melobasis puncticollis Blackburn Holotype ♂ (SAMA) S. Australia [original description says there is no record of its capture]/ Melobasis puncticollis Blackb. / Type.</p><p>Other specimens examined. New South Wales: Bath; Beecroft; Berkshire Park, Sydney; Blue Mountains; Cumberland; Gosford; Gundamain (Gunderman?); Hill End; Hornsby; Jervis Bay; Kurnell; Lapstone Hill; Nelsons Bay, Port Stephens; Oatley; Port Jackson; Rose Bay; Seal Rocks, 15 km S.W.; Springwood; Strathfield; Sydney; Upper Castlereagh; Wahroonga. Queensland: Gympie. South Australia: Adelaide (doubtful locality); material in AMSA, ANIC, ASC, BMNH, CLBC, GWC, IRSNB, MMSA, MVMA, NMWC, OUMNH, SAMA, UQA, WAMA, ZMHB.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 8.0– 13.1mm; sexes differently coloured: ♂ head and underside usually yellow-green or more rarely coppery or golden; pronotum yellow-green or coppery with a pair of blackish-purple or fiery copper admedian vittae which sometimes do not reach the anterior third of the pronotum; elytra blackishpurple or purple-brown with the following yellow-green or golden markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter, a broad humeral vitta extending from the basal margin to the mid-length of the elytra and an elongate pre-apical macula, the latter two marks often coalescent; ♀ entirely bronze-green to brownish-bronze; underside moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence which does not obscure the underlying punctation.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig.194): The aedeagus is most similar to that of the small form of the nominotypical subspecies with the apex of the median lobe acutely produced.</p><p>Comments. This subspecies differs from the very variable nominotypical subspecies in a few characteristics. The midline of the pronotum is usually slightly but noticeably depressed; the elytra have fairly well defined costa next to the subsutural depression and the punctation in the central half of the elytra is not arranged in longitudinal series.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults found September–December. Adults found on stems of Pultenaea subternata H.B. Will. (Turner, 1984) and Dillwynia floribunda Sm. (Hawkeswood, 2011) and probably other Fabaceae, and Cassinia (Asteraceae) (Turner, 1984). Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFCAFFCAFF121043C5B34A8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFCBFFC8FF1213CBC3074CA0.text	03E48790FFCBFFC8FF1213CBC3074CA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis robusta Carter	<div><p>M. robusta Carter</p><p>(Figs. 141, 187)</p><p>Melobasis robusta Carter 1923:77, 85; 1929:285; Obenberger 1930:434; Bellamy 2002:162; 2008:1332 Type locality: Western Australia, Kellerberrin.</p><p>Type specimens examined. Lectotype ♂ selected here (MVMA) Kellerberrin W. Australia J. Clark [crossed out]/ H.J. Carter coll. P. 20.4.22/ Type ♂ H.J.C. / Type ♂ / my lectotype label . Paralectotypes as follows. 1♂ (MVMA) Kellerberrin W. Australia Crawshaw / Melobasis robusta Carter Id. by H.J. Carter / Type ♂ H.J.C./ Type ♂ / my paralectotype label; 1♂ (SAMA) Kellerberrin W. Australia W. Crawshaw / Co-Type ♂ H.J.C./ Melobasis robusta Carter Id. by H.J. Carter/ my paralectotype label; 1♂ (ANIC) Kellerberrin W. Australia Crawshaw / Co-Type ♂ H.J.C.; 2♂ (UQA) Cunderdin W.A. R. Illidge / Co-Type H.J.C. M. robusta .</p><p>Other specimens examined. Western Australia: Albany; Bonnie Rock; Lake Grace; Marloo Station, Wurarga; Southern Cross; 13 Km S. of Yellowdine.</p><p>Specimens examined from ANIC, CLBC, GBC, IRSNB, MVMA, NMWC, SAMA, UQA, WAMA.</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 13.4–20.6 mm; entirely dark brown-bronze; underside sparsely to very sparsely clothed with short silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: very densely punctured with strong round and ovate punctures which coalesce to form linear series on the lower two-thirds of the vertex; frontoclypeus sometimes strongly depressed medially; glabrous or with sparse short inconspicuous silvery pubescence on the frontoclypeus; unpunctured areas shiny or weakly microsculptured; clypeal excision shallow, U or V-shaped, with a microreticulate border only developed medially; clypeal peaks obtuse or rounded; vertex slightly convex, about three-fifths width of head across the eyes when viewed from above; eyes weakly to moderately convex.</p><p>Antenna: ♂ serrate from segment 3–10, segment three slightly enlarged and triangular, segments 4–10 oblong, becoming progressively smaller; ♀ serrate from segment 4–10, segment 4 and sometimes 5 triangular, expanded part of other segments oblong.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.44–1.53 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a strongly produced median lobe; anterior beaded margin narrow, but well defined; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at mid-length; lateral margins parallel sided for a short distant in front of posterior angles, before weakly diverging to mid-length, then strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide at base as elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half to three-quarters complete; punctation moderately dense to dense medially, consisting of moderately large round or transversely ovate punctures, punctures becoming progressively larger and very dense laterally; without an unpunctured midline, however, sometimes with a poorly delineated sparsely punctured area on either side of the midline in the anterior half; shiny to weakly microsculptured; glabrous.</p><p>Scutellum: quadrate to slightly transverse oblong, shiny, about one-tenth to one-fourteenth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.00–2.36 times as long as wide at base; basal margin weakly to moderately strongly bisinuate; slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence parallel sided to slightly beyond mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins in apical half and apices with small weak serrations, sometimes only very slightly developed even at the apices; sutural margins slightly raised in apical third; subsutural depression moderately densely punctured with small round punctures; lateral to the subsutural depression the punctures become progressively larger and denser, becoming contiguous towards the lateral margin; sometimes with some longitudinal seriation of the punctation close to the subsutural depression, but without costate interstriae; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: moderately densely to densely punctured with large shallow ovate punctures, sparsely clothed with inconspicuous very short silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a narrow bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small round punctures, with a line of larger contiguous punctures close to the lateral margin for its entire length; glabrous or with very sparse short silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: shiny, with very sparse, mostly pin-prick punctures.</p><p>Apical sternite: with moderately large lunate punctures, sometimes partly coalescent near the base and lateral margin; excision shallow crescent-shaped, about two to three times as wide as deep, the lateral spines slightly developed in ♂, scarcely developed in ♀.</p><p>Mid tibia: ♂ slightly curved, slightly swollen, with a long setae-filled depression on the ventral face, ♀ straight, without a setae-filled depression.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 187): apical setae-bearing part of parameres with long fine setae only.</p><p>Comments: This very robust, brown-bronze, sparsely pubescent species is unlikely to be mistaken for any other species. In the field small specimens might be mistaken for large specimens of M. uniformis Carter or brownbronze specimens of M. cuprifera (Laporte &amp; Gory) . The short sparse translucent silvery pubescence of the underside of this species will distinguish it from the former two species (pubescence of underside denser, longer and opaque white).</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected between October and January. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFCBFFC8FF1213CBC3074CA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFC8FFC9FF12116BC6684A50.text	03E48790FFC8FFC9FF12116BC6684A50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis similis Levey 2012	<div><p>M. similis sp. n.</p><p>(Fig. 140, 188)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Wurarga, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.48333/lat -28.4)">Marloo</a> sheep station (28°24'S 116°29'E) .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (ANIC) Marloo Stn. / Wurarga, W.A. / 1931–1941. A. Goerling . Paratypes as follows. Western Australia: 1♂, 3♀ (ANIC, NMWC) same data as Holotype; 8♂, 5♀ (ASC), Buntine Nature Reserve, WA, -29 58 09.60, 116 35, 07.30, 6.ix.2010, on leaves of thin-leaved Acacia sp., A. Sundholm, D. Knowles ; 1♂, 2♀ (ASC), Buntine Rock, Buntine Nature Reserve, WA, -25 57 57.50, 116 35 11.30, 6.ix.2010, on leaves of Acacia sp, A. Sundholm, D. Knowles ;</p><p>1 ♂ (TMSHC) Burracoppin, T.M. Hanlon &amp; M. Powell, 20 October 2005, On Acacia leaves ; 1 ♂ (TMSHC) Burracoppin, T.M.S. Hanlon, 15 September 2006, On flowering Acacia; 1♂ (GBC) Bonnie Rock, 13.10.1980, G. Burns ; 1♂ (MPC) Dedari, M. Powell, 2 Oct. 1977, Acacia leaves ; 2♂, 1♀ (WAMA) Dedari W. A., H.W. Brown; 1♂, 1♀ (ASC), Duladgjin Rock, WA, -31 10 17.00, 119 41 15.50, 26.ix.2009, on leaves of thin-leaved Acacia sp., A. Sundholm, D. Knowles, M. Hanlon ; 1♂, 2♀ (ASC), 13.5 km N of Galena Bridge, W.A., -27 43 12.90, 114 40 17.60, 31.viii.2007, on outer stems and leaves of Acacia oldfieldi . A. Sundholm, D. Knowles ; 2♂ (MPC) 13 Km N. of Galena, 31 Aug. 2007, D. Knowles, on leaves Acacia oldfieldii; 1♂ (MPC) 13 Km N. of Galena, 31 Aug. 2007, M. Powell &amp; D. Knowles, Acacia sp. leaves ; 1♂ (MPC) 13 Km N. of Galena, 19 Oct. 2007, M. Powell, on leaves Acacia oldfieldii; 3♂ (ASC), 1.1 km W of Hines Hill, WA, -31 32 17.00, 118 03 40.00, 25.ix.2009, on leaves of thin-leaved Acacia sp., A. Sundholm, D. Knowles, M. Powell ; 1 ♂ (TMSHC) Marchagee Tk. 9.5 km W. of Midlands Rd., T.M. Hanlon, 14 Oct. 2007, on thin leaf Acacia leaves ; 2♂, 1♀ (BMNH) [ Me]ckering 84m, 9.1938, HWB, Brit. Mus. 1940-161 ; 4♂ (WAMA) Merriden W.A., On Acacia, 12.x.1946, H.W. Brown ; 1 ♂, 1♀ (TMSHC) 24 km W. of Sandstone, 4 Sep. 2006, M. Hanlon &amp; M. Powell 3♂, 1♂ (MVMA) Tammin, 20.6.36, H.W. Brown; 2♂, 2♀ (WAMA) Tammin Nov. 1946 du Boulay ; 3♂, 1♀ (IRSNB) Tammin ex. Coll. Deuquet; 1♂ (ANIC) Wurunga W.A. [possibly Waroonga near Leinster, or Wurarga]; 2♂, 1♀ (ZMHB) W. Australia, Marloo Station, Wurarga, 1938, A. Goerling ; 2♂ (TMSHC) 2.5 Km S. of Yellowdine, T.M. Hanlon &amp; M. Powell, 22 October 2005, on Acacia leaves ; 1♂ (TMSHC) N7 T, 34 Km E. of Yellowdine, W.A. 3 Nov. 2001, T.M.S. Hanlon, on narrow leaf Acacia; 2♂ (SBC) Yellowdine, 16.x.2001, S. Bílý ; 1♂ (CLBC) 34 k. E. of Yellowdine, 21.9.96, Acacia; 1♂ (MPC) 74 Km N. of Zanthus, M. Powell, 22 October 1986, on Acacia leaves ; 2♂, 2♀ (ANIC, NMWC) W.A. H.W. Brown, 4.10.36 [ex coll. J.G. Brooks] .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 8.75–14.68 mm; head and pronotum greenish- or grey-bronze, laterally the pronotum may have a coppery reflection; elytra reddish-violet or reddish-purple with the following coppery, golden or blue-green markings: a sutural vitta in the basal quarter; an oblique humeral vitta internal to the humeral callosity of the same length, which sometimes extends laterally along the basal margin; a transverse median fascia of variable width extending laterally from the first costate interval usually to the lateral margin, but sometimes not reaching the lateral margin; a roughly ovate pre-apical macula; underside greenish- or grey-bronze with more or less extensive reddish-purple or golden reflections; lateral parts moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex moderately densely to densely punctured with more or less round punctures, rest of head very densely punctured with mostly ovate punctures which largely coalesce to form dorso-ventrally orientated series on the lower half of the head; moderately densely to densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to weakly microreticulate; clypeal excision shallow, U or V-shaped, with an unpunctured weakly microreticulate border; clypeal peaks acute to obtuse; vertex flat, about half the width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 3 or 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate, in ♂ the expanded part of the segments is quadrate, except for segment 3 which is triangularly expanded; in ♀ the expanded part of segments 4–7 are somewhat quadrate, and segments 8–9 almost triangular.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.43–1.61 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a moderately strongly produced median lobe; anterior beaded margin narrow, but well defined; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at or somewhat in front of mid-length; lateral margins diverging from posterior angles to widest point, more rarely parallel for a short distance in front of posterior angles before diverging to widest point, thence strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide as or slightly narrower at base than elytra at base; lateral carina almost straight or slightly sinuate, about two-thirds to three-quarters complete; punctation sparse to dense medially, consisting of round punctures near the midline, lateral to this becoming larger and transversely elliptical, becoming very dense to contiguous in lateral half; usually with an almost complete unpunctured midline; sometimes with a small well marked depression near the lateral margin just behind the mid-length; usually shiny, but sometimes weakly microsculptured laterally; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence in lateral third.</p><p>Scutellum: almost square to shield-shaped, about one-tenth to one-twentieth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.48–2.64 times as long as wide at base; basal margin almost straight to weakly bisinuate; slightly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence parallel sided to mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins in apical third to half and apices with well defined acute serrations; sutural margins raised in apical half; with at least traces of three costate intervals; uniformly moderately densely punctured with very small round punctures between the suture and the first well defined costate interval; punctation between the first and second costate intervals denser, the punctures slightly larger; lateral to the second costate interval the punctation becomes denser to contiguous towards the lateral margin; weakly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: very densely to contiguously punctured with shallow ovate or lunate punctures, partly obscured by dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a well defined bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small round punctures, with a line of larger punctures close to the lateral margin; glabrous.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: shiny, moderately densely punctured with shallow round setae-bearing punctures, sometimes punctures confined to the posterior half.</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, mostly well separated and not coalescing to form grooves; ♂ with excision shallow crescent-shaped about 2 times as wide as deep; ♀ with excision about 1.5 to 2 times as wide as deep; the lateral spines moderately developed in both sexes, as long as the width of the flange; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Mid tibia: ♂ curved, with a long setae-filled depression on the ventral face; ♀ straight without a setae-filled depression.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 188): apical setae-bearing part of parameres with numerous tiny spine-like setae in addition to the normal long fine setae; parameres strongly constricted just behind the apical setae-bearing parts.</p><p>Ovipositor: about four times as long as wide.</p><p>Comments: This species is rather variable but it is unlikely to be mistaken for any other related species, although females might be mistaken for members of the formosa species-group.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named for its superficial resemblance to some species of the formosa species-group.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected from late August to early November on Acacia (Fabaceae) leaves. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFC8FFC9FF12116BC6684A50	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
03E48790FFC9FFCEFF12140BC6684AA0.text	03E48790FFC9FFCEFF12140BC6684AA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melobasis specularis Levey 2012	<div><p>M. specularis sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 131, 191)</p><p>Type locality: Western Australia, Lake Campion .</p><p>Type specimens examined. Holotype ♂ (WAMA) Lake Campion, W.A. 7 October 2008, M. Powell &amp; D. Knowles, Bossiaea walkeri flws . Paratype specimens as follows: Western Australia: 1♂, 3♀ (NMWC, MPC) same data as Holotype .</p><p>Diagnosis. General diagnosis: length 9.8–13.4 mm; colour entirely dark brownish- to greyish-bronze, medial half of elytra sometimes in part with a reddish-purple reflection; underside clothed with dense moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Head: upper third of vertex densely punctured with round punctures, rest of head very densely punctured with round to ovate punctures which partly coalesce to form dorso-ventrally orientated series on the lower half of the head; densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence; unpunctured areas shiny to weakly microreticulate; clypeal excision very shallow, U- or V-shaped, with an unpunctured shiny or microreticulate border; clypeal peaks obtuse; vertex flat, slightly less than three-fifths width of head across eyes when viewed from above; eyes strongly convex.</p><p>Antenna: serrate from segment 4–10, the segments becoming progressively smaller and slightly less elongate; in ♂ the expanded part of the segments is quadrate, except sometimes segment 4 which can be triangular; in ♀ the expanded part of the segments is more or less triangular.</p><p>Pronotum: 1.35–1.60 times as wide at base as long in midline; anterior margin strongly bisinuate, with a strongly produced median lobe; anterior beaded margin narrow, but well defined; posterior margin bisinuate; widest at mid-length; lateral margins parallel sided for a short distant in front of posterior angles, before strongly diverging to mid-length, then strongly curvilinearly converging to the anterior angles; as wide at base as elytra at base; lateral carina slightly sinuate, about half complete; punctation dense medially, consisting of small round punctures, punctures becoming progressively larger and very dense laterally; without an unpunctured midline; with a small well marked depression near the lateral margin just behind the mid-length; shiny to moderately strongly microsculptured; moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence in lateral half.</p><p>Scutellum: almost quadrate, about one-twelfth width of elytra at base.</p><p>Elytra: 2.45–2.56 times as long as wide at base; basal margin weakly bisinuate; strongly widening from base over the humeral callosities, thence parallel sided to mid-length, before narrowing to the rounded apices; lateral margins in apical third and apices with poorly developed blunt serrations; sutural margins strongly raised in apical third; rather uniformly punctured, with a well marked costate interval next to the subsutural depression; subsutural depression moderately densely to densely punctured with small round punctures; the subsutural depression much more strongly depressed in apical third than elsewhere; lateral to the costate interval the punctures become progressively larger and denser, becoming contiguous towards the lateral margin where they form short transverse series; strongly microreticulate.</p><p>Proepisternum: contiguously punctured with small lunate punctures, partly obscured by very dense long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Prosternum: with a well defined bead at the anterior margin, the anterior margin at almost the same level as the area behind; prosternal process slightly widening distally, sparsely punctured with small round punctures, with a groove formed from contiguous punctures close to the lateral margin for its entire length; usually moderately densely clothed with moderately long silvery pubescence.</p><p>Mesoepisternum: shiny with some very small variably shaped punctures, mostly in the posterior half.</p><p>Apical sternite: with small lunate punctures, sometimes partly coalescent and forming short transverse series near the lateral margin; ♂ with excision shallow crescent-shaped about twice as wide as deep, the lateral spines only slightly developed; ♀ with excision rather deep about as wide as deep, the lateral spines more strongly developed; distal margin of flange straight.</p><p>Mid tibia: in ♂ curved, with a long setae-filled depression on the ventral face; ♀ straight without a setae-filled depression.</p><p>Tarsal claws: slightly widened at base, but without a basal tooth.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 191): apical setae-bearing part of parameres with fine setae only.</p><p>Comments: Of species in the gloriosa species-group, only some similarly coloured varieties of M. gloriosa are likely to be confused with this species, but I have not seen any specimens of M. gloriosa which have the pubescence on the pronotum as extensive as in this species.</p><p>Etymology. The name comes from the very shiny mirror like mesoepisternum.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults collected in October on Bossiaea walkeri F. Muell. (Fabaceae) flowers. Larval hosts unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48790FFC9FFCEFF12140BC6684AA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Levey, Brian	Levey, Brian (2012): 3464. Zootaxa 3464: 1-107
