taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E487A9111F6C23FF37CC5B630ED170.taxon	discussion	Remarks Shornikov (1980) placed Callistocypridinae next to Cyprettinae and Cypridopsinae in the family Cypridopsidae. Later, however, Martens (1985) sunk Cypridopsidae into the synonymy of Cyprididae as the flagellate caudal ramus, the main autapomorphy of the Cypridopsidae, also occurs in several other ostracod lineages in Cypridoidea, for example in Oncocypridinae of the Notodromadidae. Until the phylogeny of the Cyprididae s. l. is clarified, Callistocypridinae figures as a subfamily of the Cyprididae.	en	Pinto, R. L., Rocha, C. E. F., Martens, K. (2005): On new terrestrial ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazil, primarily from São Paulo State. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 145-173, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x
03E487A9111F6C2AFF0BCA3B6026D798.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Callistocypris zlotini Shornikov, 1980 by original designation. Diagnosis (modified after Shornikov, 1980) Carapace small (0.3 – 0.5 mm long), wide in dorsal view, oval in lateral view. Caudal part of valves with postero-ventral locking system consisting of inner lists and selvage in RV, inner lists in LV. A 2 with 1 very short natatory seta and 1 accompanying seta. T 1 - palp with only 2 setae. Caudal ramus consisting of a slen- der ramus and 1 weak apical claw. Additional features Cp small (0.3 – 0.5 mm long), oval in lv, relatively wide in dv, LV overlapping RV on all sides, surface smooth except for a pitted central area and some ventral ridges, cms consisting of six scars, mandibular scars small, oval. Calcified inner lamella with 3 parallel inner lists, with an additional postero-ventral locking structure formed by diverging inner lists. Fused zone narrow, with few, straight pore canals. Hinge adont. Cms anteriorly consisting of 1 half-rounded row of 4 scars, posterior with 2 scars, all approximately of equal size. Eye simple. Most appendages with a reduction in number and length of setae. A 1 7 - segmented, with only segments 1 and 2 fused. A 2 with stout apical claws and relatively short z-setae; seta t 4 claw-like, natatory setae reduced to 1 short (= accompanying seta) and 1 very short seta. Md palp with alpha-seta short and straight, beta-seta almost plate-like, gamma-seta a normal seta, 1 apical claw on terminal segment with basket-shaped apex. Mx 1 palp with terminal segment carrying 2 weak claws and 2 setae. T 1 - palp (female) with 1 long and 1 short apical seta. T 2 a stout walking limb, penultimate segment divided, with seta d 1 absent, d 2 of average length. T 3 a cleaning limb, terminal segment not fully fused with penultimate segment. CR reduced to a narrow, tapering ramus with 1 apical, seta-like claw. Remarks The LV is tightly connected to the RV at the posterodorsal side, to the extent that generally the LV broke at this spot during dissection. Therefore, we do not consider the structure illustrated in Figures 3, 6 to be evidence for the existence of a posterior cardinal tooth on the RV. CALLISTOCYPRIS MCKENZIEI SP. NOV. (FIGS 1 – 3) Type locality Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar Núcleo Cunha- Indaiá, Municipality of Cunha, São Paulo State, Brazil. GPS coordinates: 23 ° 14 ′ 03.5 ″ S, 45 ° 01 ′ 23.2 ″ W. In moist leaf litter inside the forest, close to the Barracão waterfall of the Paraibuna river. Material collected 21. viii. 2002 by RLP. Type material Holotype: a dissected female, with valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide and dissected soft parts kept in a sealed slide (MZUSP 16339). Paratypes: 8 females, dissected and stored like the holotype (MZUSP 16340 – 47); 2 dissected females, with valves used for SEM and stored in micropalaeontological slides, and dissected soft parts kept in sealed slides (MZUSP 16348, 16349); 4 carapaces used for SEM and stored in micropalaeontological slides (MZUSP 16350, 16351, 16342, 16343); 45 females kept whole in ETOH (MZUSP 16354). Additional material Boracéia Biological Station, Municipality of Salesópolis, São Paulo State, Brazil. GPS coordinates: 23 ° 38 ′ 16.9 ″ S, 45 ° 50 ′ 24.5 ″ W. Inside the forest, near Pedreira’s swamp, in leaf litter at the foot of a rock wall. Material collected 02. iv. 2003 by CEFR and RLP. 15 females kept in toto in ETOH (MZUSP 16355). Derivation of name This species is named after the late Dr Ken McKenzie (Wagga Wagga, Australia), in recognition of his considerable contributions to crustacean research in general and ostracodology in particular. Ken was a grand man and a great scientist, always ready to help young students and established colleagues alike. Ken passed away in 2003; he will be greatly missed. Diagnosis Cp elongate in lv, smooth in lateral view, with ventral ridges weakly pronounced. RV caudally with selvage developing a single ridge, only inner list close to inner margin present; LV with 3 rd inner list running halfway along caudal margin. A 2 with 3 z-setae. Mx 1 - palp with 4 apical seta on distal segment. Description Cp elongated in lv (Fig. 3 F), with LV overlapping RV along anterior, posterior and most of ventral margins; in dv (Fig. 3 E), Cp with greatest width (c. half the length) situated in middle, anterior and posterior edges bluntly pointed. Valve surface generally smooth, in lv weakly pitted in the central part, in vv (Fig. 3 G) with weak central ridges. LV (Fig. 3 A, C) with well- developed anterior calcified inner lamella, posterior marginal structures complex, consisting of at least three inner lists, ventro-caudally with a shallow socket in the marginal inner list (il 2), il 3 running halfway up the caudal margin. RV (Fig. 3 B, D) with wide anterior calcified inner lamella, posteriorly with well-developed selvage, latter postero-ventrally elevated into ridge (this ridge accommodated in socket of LV when valves closed); posterior inner margin of RV also elevated into list, no third il between selvage and il 2. A 1 (Fig. 1 A) 7 - segmented; first segment (= fusion of first two segments) with 2 long, ventral and 1 shorter dorsal seta; third segment with 1 dorsal seta, Rome organ not detectable; fourth segment with 1 long dorsal seta (longer than three following segments) and 1 shorter ventral seta; fifth segment with 2 long dorsal and 2 unequal but shorter ventral setae; sixth segment with 2 long dorsal, and 1 long and 1 short ventral setae; seventh segment with 4 long and 1 intermediate setae; terminal segment with 2 long setae, 1 seta of intermediate length and 1 long aesthetasc, the latter in dorsal position. A 2 (Fig. 1 B) 5 - segmented. Exopodite consisting of 1 longer and 2 short setae. Endopodite 3 - segmented; first segment with ventral aesthetasc Y of normal size, 1 ventro-apical seta with swollen base, 1 longer (= accompanying seta) and 1 minute (= natatory seta) subapical setae; second segment with 4 ventral t-setae (t 4 claw-shaped) and 2 subequal, mediodorsal setae, z 1 – 3 medium-length setae (almost reaching tips of endclaws); aesthetasc y 1 inserted next to seta t 4 resembling short seta; 3 large claws (G 1 – 3) and aesthetasc y 2; terminal segment minute, with claws Gm slightly longer than half of GM, aesthetasc y 3 very basally fused with slightly longer accompanying seta and seta g less than half length of aesthetasc. Md palp (Fig. 1 C, D) 4 - segmented; first segment with respiratory plate with reduced number of short rays, ventro-apically with 2 large s-setae, accompanying seta with distal brush of setulae and short and narrow alpha-seta, with slightly widened base; second segment with 2 dorso-apical setae, 1 set with long setules, and ventro-apical group of 5 setae: 3 long and 1 of intermediate size, set with long setulae, and broad and hirsute beta-seta; third segment with 3 dorsolateral setae, 1 short and 1 longer ventro-apical setae, 1 medio-apical seta and dorso-apical gamma-seta; terminal segment with 3 claw-like setae and 2 shorter setae, longest claw-like seta ending in hirsute, spoonshaped apex. Mx 1 (Fig. 1 E) with 2 - segmented palp, first segment with 4 apical setae on expanded distal corner, second segment elongated, tapering, with 2 large and 2 smaller apical setae. Three endites set with setae in various shapes and sizes, third endite with claws not serrate. T 1 (Fig. 2 A) with short palp, with 1 long and 1 shorter apical setae; endite with c. 13 setae, unequal in length and number and length of setulae. T 2 (Fig. 2 B) 5 - segmented, stout and hirsute and set with setulae on first two segment; first segment (knee-segment) with large d 2 seta; second to fourth segment each with stout, serrate apical claw-like seta; terminal segment with 1 long end-claw, 1 short, claw-like apical seta next to endclaw and 1 minute lateral seta. T 3 (Fig. 2 C) 4 - segmented, first segment with 3 setae; second segment with 1 apical seta, third segment (= fusion of segment 3 and 4) with 1 lateral seta; terminal segment not fused with previous segment, with 1 weakly sclerotized endclaw, 1 minute accompanying apical seta and 1 longer, reflexed, lateral seta. CR (Fig. 2 D) reduced to narrow, tapering ramus with 1 apical, seta-like claw. Male unknown. Measurements (in µ m) MZUSP 16353: L = 397, H = 201.	en	Pinto, R. L., Rocha, C. E. F., Martens, K. (2005): On new terrestrial ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazil, primarily from São Paulo State. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 145-173, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x
03E487A9111F6C2AFF0BCA3B6026D798.taxon	description	MZUSP 16351: L = 397, W = 224. MZUSP 16349: LV: H = 387, L = 189; RV: L = 371, H = 188. Remarks The present species is morphologically closely related to C. zlotini from the Solomon Islands as described by Shornikov (1980). The differences observed in the valves are minimal (LV in the Brazilian population with slightly more pointed posterior margin and with anterior margin less broadly rounded), but there are a whole range of differences in the chaetotaxy: (1) A 2 with 3 z-setae in C. mckenziei sp. nov., only 2 in C. zlotini; (2) A 2 with additional minute natatory seta in C. mckenziei sp. nov., not illustrated for type material of C. zlotini; (3) A 2 with claw GM shorter than G 1 – 3 in C. zlotini, equally long in C. mckenziei sp. nov.; (4) Md palp with alpha seta not described for C. zlotini; (5) Md palp with 5 terminal setae in C. mckenziei sp. nov., only 4 in C. zlotini and with distal part of largest apical claw more spoon-shaped in C. mckenziei sp. nov.; (6) Mx 1 - palp with 4 seta on terminal segment in C. mckenziei sp. nov., only 3 in C. zlotini. Some of these features (alpha seta and terminal seta on Mdpalp) deal with very small structures, which could only be observed with the best contemporary microscopes, and these could have been missed in the description of C. zlotini. Others, however (e. g. number of z-setae on A 2 and number of terminal setae on Mx 1 - palp), concern relatively large structures and could constitute genuine, specific differences; they are also included in the diagnosis of the present new species. CALLISTOCYPRIS ROSSETTII SP. NOV. (FIGS 4 – 6) Type locality Boracéia Biological Station, Municipality of Salesópolis, São Paulo State, Brazil. GPS coordinates: 23 ° 38 ′ 16.9 ″ S, 45 ° 50 ′ 24.5 ″ W. Inside the forest, near Pedreira’s swamp, in leaf litter at the foot of a rock wall. Material collected on 02. iv. 2003 by CEFR and RLP. The species is thus far known only from its type locality. Type material Holotype: a dissected female, with valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide and dissected soft parts kept in a sealed slide (MZUSP 16356). Paratypes: a female dissected and stored like the holotype (MZUSP 16357); a dissected female, with valves used for SEM and stored in a micropalontological slide, and dissected soft parts kept in a sealed slide (MZUSP 16358); 3 carapaces used for SEM and stored in micropalaeontological slides (MZUSP 16359 – 61), 30 females kept in toto in ETOH (MZUSP 16362). Derivation of name Named after Dr G. Rossetti (Parma, Italy), in recognition of his significant contributions to the taxonomy of Darwinulidae and of (semi-) terrestrial ostracods. Diagnosis Cp arched in lateral view, wider in dv, relatively large (L = c. 0.5 mm). Valves with pitted central area in lv, with pronounced ventral ridges. RV caudally with selvage dividing in ventral and central ridge, with additional inner list in between submarginal list and selvage; LV with third inner list only running along ventral margin. A 2 with 3 z-setae. Mx 1 - palp with 4 apical seta on distal segment. Description Cp (Fig. 6 H) considerably larger than the previous species, and more highly arched in lv; LV overlapping RV along anterior, posterior and most of the ventral margins; in dv (Fig. 6 E), Cp with greatest width (L / H ratio = 1.67) situated well behind middle, anterior and posterior edges bluntly pointed. Valve surface laterally pitted, especially in centre, ventral side (Fig. 6 I) with 6 – 7 longitudinal ridges. LV (Fig. 6 A, C, F) with well-developed anterior calcified inner lamella, posterior marginal structures complex, consisting of at least 3 inner lists, ventrocaudally with shallow socket in marginal inner list (il 1); proximal inner list (il 3) only running ventrally, not along caudal margin. RV (Fig. 6 B, D, G) with wide anterior calcified inner lamella, posteriorly with well-developed selvage, the latter postero-ventrally splitting into ventral and more dorsally directed ridge, the latter being accommodated in socket of LV when valves closed; posterior inner margin of RV elevated into list (il 2), third list (il 3) being present between selvage and il 2. In vv (Fig. 6 I) LV with strong outer list along the entire margin, more developed than in C. mckenziei. A 1 (Fig. 4 A) 7 - segmented; first segment (= fusion of first 2 segments) with 2 long, ventral setae and 1 shorter dorsal seta; third segment with 1 dorsal seta, Rome organ not detectable; fourth segment with 1 long dorsal seta (longer than 3 following segments) and 1 shorter ventral seta; fifth segment with 2 long dorsal and 2 unequal but shorter ventral setae; sixth segment with 2 long dorsal, and 1 long and 1 short ventral setae; seventh segment with 4 long and 1 intermediate setae; terminal segment with 2 long setae, 1 seta of intermediate length and 1 long aesthetasc in dorsal position. A 2 (Fig. 4 B) 5 - segmented. Exopodite consisting of 1 longer and 2 short setae. Endopodite 3 - segmented; first segment with ventral aesthetasc Y of normal size, 1 ventro-apical seta and 1 longer (= accompanying seta) and 1 minute (= natatory seta) subapical setae; second segment with 4 ventral t-setae (T 4 clawshaped) and 2 medio-dorsal setae, z 1 – 3 mediumlength setae (reaching tips of endclaws); aesthetasc y 1 inserted next to seta t 4 resembling short seta; 3 large claws (G 1 – 3) and an aesthetasc y 2; terminal segment minute, with claw Gm about half length of GM, aesthetasc y 3 very basally fused with slightly longer accompanying seta and seta g less than half length of aesthetasc. Md palp (Fig. 4 C, D) 4 - segmented; first segment with respiratory plate carrying unknown number of rays, ventro-apically with 2 large s-setae, accompanying seta with distal brush of setulae and short and narrow alpha-seta; second segment with 2 dorso-apical setae, 1 set with long setules, and ventro-apical group of 5 setae: 3 long and 1 of intermediate size, set with long setulae, and broad and hirsute beta-seta; third segment with 3 dorso-lateral setae, 1 short and 1 longer ventro-apical setae, 1 medio-apical seta and dorso-apical gamma-seta; terminal segment with 3 claw-like setae and 2 shorter setae, longest claw-like seta ending in a hirsute, spoon-shaped apex. Mx 1 (Fig. 4 E) with 2 - segmented palp, first segment with 4 apical setae on expanded distal corner, second segment elongated, tapering, with 2 large and 2 smaller apical setae. Three endites set with setae in various shapes and sizes, third endite with claw not serrated. T 1 (Fig. 5 A) with short palp, with 1 long and 1 shorter apical setae; endite with 12 – 13 setae, unequal in length and setulation. T 2 (Fig. 5 B) 5 - segmented, stout and hirsute and set with brushes or setulae on first 2 segments; first segment (knee-segment) with relatively large d 2 seta; second to fourth segments each with stout, serrate apical claw-like seta; terminal segment with 1 long end-claw, 1 short, claw-like apical seta next to endclaw and 1 minute lateral seta. T 3 (Fig. 5 C) 4 - segmented, first segment with 3 setae; second segment with 1 apical seta, third segment (= fusion of segments 3 and 4) with 1 lateral seta; terminal segment not fused with previous segment, with 1 weakly sclerotized endclaw, 1 minute accompanying apical seta and 1 longer, reflexed, lateral seta. CR (Fig. 5 D) reduced to a narrow, tapering ramus with 1 apical, seta-like claw. Male unknown. Measurements (in µ m): MZUSP 16359: L = 517, H = 275. MZUSP 16361: L = 506, W = 312. MZUSP 16360: L = 513, W = 319. MZUSP 16358: LV: L = 506, H = 264; RV: L = 493, H = 260. Remarks Callistocypris rossettii sp. nov. differs from C. mckenziei sp. nov. mainly in size (it is considerably larger) and shape (less elongated), but also in structures of the valve margins: in the RV, an additional caudal inner list (il 3) is present in C. rossettii sp. nov. (absent in C. mckenziei sp. nov.) and in the LV, the il 3 runs only ventrally in C. rossettii sp. nov., while this list runs up to halfway along the caudal margin in C. mckenziei sp. nov. The chaetotaxy is largely similar in the two Brazilian Callistocypris species and only small differences occur, e. g. length ratio of the 2 dorsal seta on the fifth and the sixth segments of A 1, length ratio of Gm and GM on A 2, etc.	en	Pinto, R. L., Rocha, C. E. F., Martens, K. (2005): On new terrestrial ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazil, primarily from São Paulo State. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 145-173, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x
03E487A911166C2AFF7BCB6E6570D16A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Small (L = 0.3 – 0.4 mm) candonids, with reniform valves in lateral view and narrow carapace with straight margins in dorsal view. All limbs with some aspect of reduced chaetotaxy (fusion of segments, loss of setae) to varying degrees in the different genera. A 1 with 5 segments, with various segments fused in the different genera; endopodal segments 1 and 2 + 3 in T 3 devoid of setae. Remarks 1. Shornikov (1980) created the new family Terrestricyprididae to accommodate Terrestricypris. However, this genus clearly belongs in the Candonidae, a group where reduction in chaetotaxy (i. e. number of segments, number of setae and claws) is not uncommon (see Danielopol, 1978; Karanovic & Marmonier, 2003; I. Karanovic unpubl. data). This taxon is here retained, albeit with a change of rank, namely as a tribe within the Candoninae. 2. Terrestricypridini at present comprises 3 genera, Terrestricandona, Terrestricypris and Caaporacandona gen. nov., which together form a clear evolutionary lineage (see Discussion). It is possible that more genera will be found that will represent either more or less derived stages of evolution within this lineages. In the latter case, the diagnosis of the tribe might require modification. 3. Karanovic, in a series of papers (2003 a, b and several papers in press), has described an impressive number of species and genera of subterranean Candoninae from Western Australia. These ostracods also display loss of chaetotaxy in, amongst other limbs, the A 1. However, the Australian interstitial taxa mostly also have a reduction in the chaetotaxy of the CR, which is well developed in all Terrestricypridini, and have very different valves. It is thus accepted here that the South American terrestrial and Autralian interstitial candonids belong to different lineages. 4. Species of all three genera of Terrestricypridini have a distinct juvenile aspect (small size, narrow calcified inner lamella, reduced number of muscle scars). It is therefore probable that the presence of these genera in the fossil record has consistently been overlooked.	en	Pinto, R. L., Rocha, C. E. F., Martens, K. (2005): On new terrestrial ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazil, primarily from São Paulo State. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 145-173, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x
03E487A911116C31FF03CF80635BD79B.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Terrestricypris arborea Shornikov, 1980 Diagnosis: (modified after Shornikov, 1980) Cp narrow in dv, reniform in lv. A 1 5 - segmented, with segments 1 – 3 and 4 + 5 fused. A 2 with claw G 2 missing. Md-palp with seta s 1 small. T 3 with apical claw only. CR with proximal seta inserted close to the mid length of the ramus. Additional features Valves reniform, narrow in dv, LV overlapping RV anteriorly and posteriorly, RV overlapping LV ventrally. Calcified inner lamella narrow, fused zone with straight pore canals, c. 4 cms, large fulcral point, mandibular scars small and elongated. Hinge adont. Most appendages with reduction in number of segments and number and length of claws and setae. A 1 5 - segmented, i. e. with segments 1, 2 and 3 fused and with segments 4 and 5 fused. A 2 with exopodite consisting of 1 long seta and 1 small, compact organ, natatory setae missing, with 2 long claws on penultimate segment. Md palp with reduced chaetotaxy, setae s 1 very short, apical segment with 1 large claw and 2 – 3 setae. Mx 1 - palp with 2 long apical setae on first segment, 3 setae on rectangular terminal segment. T 1 - palp (female) with 2 – 3 apical setae. T 2 slender walking leg, seta d 1 long, d 2 missing, penultimate segment divided, apical claw long and slender. T 3 with 1 apical claw only. CR stout, proximal seta long, inserted slightly apically from mid point of the ramus, 2 stout and serrated endclaws, distal seta present. Remarks Owing to the discovery of this Brazilian species (see below), three main morphological differences between Terrestricypris and Terrestricandona can be retained: (1) A 1 with segment 3 fused to segments 1 + 2 in Terrestricypris, separate in Terrestricandona; (2) segment 4 + 5 of A 1 with 2 setae in Terrestricypris, 1 seta in Terrestricandona; (3) claw G 2 on A 2 present in Terrestricandona, absent in Terrestricypris: this claw is fully missing, not reduced to a short seta and is here homologized to G 2 (see below). Shornikov illustrated a seta near to this spot, but this is a z-seta, not a reduced claw G 2. Some other putative differences require validation as they could constitute erroneous observations during the original description of either genus. (1) T 1 - palp with 3 apical setae in Terrestricandona, 2 in Terrestricypris arborea. Because Terrestricypris wurdigae sp. nov. also has 3 setae there (see below), this is not retained here as a generic feature. (2) T 2 with 2 apical setae on the penultimate segment in Terrestricandona, 1 in Terrestricypris arborea. As the additional seta is very small, this could easily have been missed. (3) Shornikov (1980) also mentioned that the eye is simple; however, as candonid eyes are generally unpigmented, it was most likely not observed. TERRESTRICYPRIS WURDIGAE SP. NOV. (FIGS 7 – 9) Type locality As for the previous species: Boracéia Biological Station, Municipality of Salesópolis, São Paulo State, Brazil. GPS coordinates: 23 ° 38 ′ 16.9 ″ S, 45 ° 50 ′ 24.5 ″ W. Inside the forest, near Pedreira’s swamp, in leaf litter at the foot of a rock wall. Material collected on 02. iv. 2003 by CEFR and RLP. The species is thus far known only from its type locality. Type material Holotype: a dissected female, with valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide and dissected soft parts kept in a sealed slide (MZUSP 16363). Paratypes: a female dissected and stored like the holotype (MZUSP 16364); a dissected female, with valves used for SEM and stored in a micropalaeontological slide, and dissected soft parts kept in a sealed slide (MZUSP 16365); 3 carapaces used for SEM and stored in micropalaeontological slides (MZUSP 16366 – 68), 32 females kept in toto in ETOH (MZUSP 16369). Derivation of name Named after Dr Norma Würdig (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), in recognition of her substantial contributions to the knowledge on Brazilian non-marine ostracods. Diagnosis Small (Le = c. 0.3 mm) species with elongated valves (L / H ratio = 2.23 – 2.33), Cp narrow in dv, with straight, parallel sides and greatest width situated in the middle. A 1 5 - segmented, i. e. with fusion between segments 1, 2 and 3 and between 4 and 5. s-Setae on the Md-palp strongly reduced, especially s 2. T 1 - palp with 3 apical setae. Description Cp (Fig. 9 G) reniform, slightly convex, narrow in dv, LV overlapping RV along the anterior, posterior and ventral margins. Cp in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 9 D, E) elongate, with pointed extremities and nearly straight, parallel sides over most of the length, greatest width situated in the middle. Calcified inner lamella narrow on both anterior and posterior sides, both valves (Fig. 9 A – C, F) with well-developed inner list along (but not on) the inner margin. RV and LV subequal, with narrowly rounded anterior margin, slightly ventrally produced, rounded dorsal margin, more broadly rounded in the posterior part, caudal margin more broadly rounded than anterior one and ventral margin sinuous. Fused zone more developed anteriorly, with straight pore canals, 4 cms, large fulcral point, md scars small and elongated. Hinge adont. Most appendages with reduction in number of segments and number and length of claws and setae. A 1 (Fig. 7 A) 5 - segmented, i. e. with segments 1, 2 and 3 fused and with segments 4 and 5 fused. First segment (1 + 2 + 3) with 1 dorsal seta; second segment, being a fusion of segments 4 and 5, with 2 short apical setae; third segment (S 6) without setae, fourth segment (S 7) with 2 longer setae, the dorsal one being the longest; terminal segment (S 8) with 2 apical setae (1 long, 1 half as long) and 1 dorso-lateral aesthetasc. A 2 (Fig. 7 B) with exopodite consisting of 1 long seta and 1 small and short, compact organ; first endopodal segment with 2 unequal ventro-apical setae and Y-aesthetasc of normal length, natatory setae absent; penultimate segment of endopode without lateral setae, with 2 z-setae and with 2 long claws (here homologized with G 1 and G 3); y 2 seta-like, slightly longer than the terminal segment; terminal segment with large claw GM, Gm reduced to a seta, about as long as seta ‘ g’, aesthetasc y 3 basally fused with slightly longer accompanying seta. Md palp (Fig. 7 C, D) with reduced chaetotaxy. First palp-segment with respiratory plate incompletely developed, with only 1 or 2 rays; ventrally with all setae short and stout, seta s 2 minute, s 1 short but well developed, accompanying seta longer, smooth and distally spatulate, alpha-seta very small; second palp segment with 4 longer setae, beta-seta not discernible; third segment with 2 unequal, medio-dorsal setae, 2 ventro-apical setae (1 long, 1 short) and 1 medio-apical gamma seta; terminal segment with 1 large claw, 1 claw-like seta and 2 short setae. Mx 1 - palp (Fig. 7 E) with 2 long apical setae on first segment, 3 setae on rectangular terminal segment. T 1 - palp (Fig. 8 A) with 3 apical setae, respiratory plate reduced; endite with about 8 unequal setae, setae a, b and d stout. T 2 (Fig. 8 B) a slender walking leg, seta d 1 long, d 2 missing, penultimate segment divided; terminal segment elongate, with apical claw long and slender and with 1 ventro-apical and 1 dorso-apical setae. T 3 (Fig. 8 C) with 1 apical claw (and possibly with a very short apical seta), all other setae missing; endopodal segments 2 and 3 fused. CR (Fig. 8 D) stout, proximal seta long, inserted slightly apically from the middle of the ramus, with 2 stout and serrated endclaws and a long distal seta. End of body (Fig. 8 E) a slender seta. Male unknown. Measurements (in µ m) MZUSP 16368: L = 329, H = 157.	en	Pinto, R. L., Rocha, C. E. F., Martens, K. (2005): On new terrestrial ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazil, primarily from São Paulo State. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 145-173, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x
03E487A911116C31FF03CF80635BD79B.taxon	description	MZUSP 16366: L = 313, W = 112. MZUSP 16367: L = 314, W = 111. MZUSP 16365: LV: L = 311, H = 151; RV: L = 305, H = 147. Relationships Following the revised diagnoses of Terrestricypris and Terrestricandona (see above), the new Brazilian species belongs to the former genus. It differs from T. arborea in a range of characters: (1) the valves of T. wurdigae sp. nov. are significantly more elongate than those of T. arborea (L / H ratio 2.23 – 2.33 and 2.04 – 2.10, respectively); (2) the s-setae on the Md-palp are more reduced in T. wurdigae sp. nov.; (3) the T 1 - palp has 3 apical setae in T. wurdigae sp. nov. and 2 in T. arborea. Some other apparent differences (e. g. absence of setae alpha and beta and a third seta on the terminal segment of the Md-palp) could be due to the fact that these very small features have been missed in the description of T. arborea). However, the anatomical differences cited above are sufficient to distinguish T. wurdigae sp. nov. from T. arborea.	en	Pinto, R. L., Rocha, C. E. F., Martens, K. (2005): On new terrestrial ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazil, primarily from São Paulo State. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 145-173, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x
03E487A9110D6C37FED6CCB7653CD1F8.taxon	materials_examined	Type species C. shornikovi sp. nov. (here designated) Derivation of name After the word caapora from the Tupi-Guarani indigenous language, meaning ‘ little man in the forest’. Although the Caapora in general is not friendly to humans, we trust these ostracods to be fairly harmless. Diagnosis Cp narrow in dv, reniform in lv. A 1 5 - segmented, with segments 1 + 2 fused, segment 3 separate, segments 4 + 5 and 6 + 7 fused. Penultimate segment of A 2 with 2 ventro-lateral setae and with claw G 2 about half the size of G 1. Md-palp with seta s 2 small. Distal segment of T 3 with 1 apical claw and 2 setae. CR with proximal seta distally inserted, i. e. close to the proximal claw. Additional generic features Valves reniform, narrow in dv, LV overlapping RV anteriorly and posteriorly, RV overlapping LV ventrally. Calcified inner lamella narrow, fused zone with straight pore canals, c. 4 cms, large fulcral point, md scars small and elongated. Hinge adont. Most appendages with reduction in number of segments and number and length of claws and setae. A 2 with expodite consisting of 1 long seta, a short seta and a small, compact organ; natatory setae missing; penultimate segment with ventro-lateral setae, sometimes also with a dorso-lateral seta, with 3 apical claws, G 1 and G 3 long, G 2 slightly longer than half their length. Md palp with reduced chaetotaxy, setae s 2 very short, apical segment with 2 long claws and 2 small setae. Mx 1 - palp with 2 or 3 long apical setae on first segment, 3 setae on rectangular terminal segment. T 1 - palp (female) with 3 apical setae. T 2 a slen- der walking leg, with both setae d 1 and d 2 missing, penultimate segment divided, apical claw long and slender. T 3 with 1 apical claw and 2 setae on terminal segment. CR stout, proximal seta long, distally inserted, i. e. close to proximal claw; 2 stout and serrated endclaws and distal seta present. Differential diagnosis Caaporacandona gen. nov. can be distinguished from both Terrestricypris and Terrestricandona by the presence of 1 claw and 2 setae on the terminal segment of the T 3 (1 claw only in Terrestricypris and Terrestricandona), by the absence of seta d 1 on T 2 (d 1 long in Terrestricypris and Terrestricandona) and by the position of the proximal seta on the CR (distal in Caaporacandona gen. nov., central in the other two genera); from Terrestricypris by the presence of a (short) claw G 2 on A 2; from Terrestricandona by the size of claw G 2 on A 2 and by reduced seta s 2 on the Md-palp.	en	Pinto, R. L., Rocha, C. E. F., Martens, K. (2005): On new terrestrial ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazil, primarily from São Paulo State. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 145-173, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x
03E487A9110D6C37FED6CCB7653CD1F8.taxon	description	CAAPORACANDONA SHORNIKOVI SP. NOV. (FIGS 10 – 12) Type locality Boracéia Biological Station, Municipality of Salesópolis, São Paulo State, Brazil. GPS coordinates: 23 ° 38 ′ 16.9 ″ S, 45 ° 50 ′ 24.5 ″ W. Inside the forest, near Pedreira’s swamp, in leaf litter at the foot of a rock wall. Material collected on 02. iv. 2003 by CEFR and RLP. The species is thus far known only from its type locality. Type material Holotype: a dissected female, with valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide and dissected soft parts kept in a sealed slide (MZUSP 16370). Paratypes: 3 females, dissected and stored like the holotype (MZUSP 16371 – 73); a dissected female, with valves used for SEM and stored in micropalaeontological slide, and dissected soft parts kept in a sealed slide (MZUSP 16374); 2 carapaces used for SEM and stored in micropalaeontological slides (MZUSP 16375, 16376), 65 females kept in toto in ETOH (MZUSP 16377). Derivation of name Named after Professor Evgeni Shornikov (Vladivostok, Russia), in recognition of his significant contribution to ostracod taxonomy and ecology in general, and to terrestrial ostracods in particular. Diagnosis Third segment of A 1 with long dorso-apical seta; segment 4 + 5 (third segment) with dorso-apical seta extending beyond tip of terminal segment. Penultimate segment of A 2 with 1 dorso-lateral seta. Description Cp (Fig. 12 G) reniform, slightly convex, narrow in dv, LV overlapping RV along the anterior, posteriorly and ventral margins. Cp in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 12 D, E) elongate, with pointed extremities and nearly straight, parallel sides over most of the length, greatest width situated in the middle. Calcified inner lamella narrow on both anterior and posterior sides, both valves with well-developed inner list along (but not on) the inner margin. RV and LV (Fig. 12 A – C, F) subequal, with narrowly rounded anterior margin, slightly ventrally produced, rounded dorsal margin, more broadly rounded in the posterior part, caudal margin more broadly rounded than anterior one and ventral margin sinuous. Fused zone more developed anteriorly, with straight pore canals, 4 cms, large fulcral point, mandibular scars small and elongated. Hinge adont. Most appendages with reduction in number of segments and number and length of claws and setae. A 1 (Fig. 10 A) 5 - segmented; first segment (S 1 + S 2) with 1 dorsal seta and 2 ventral setae; second segment (S 3) with 1 long dorso-apical seta; third segment (S 4 + S 5) with dorso-apical seta reaching beyond tip of terminal segment; fourth segment (6 + 7) with 1 long and 1 shorter dorso-apical setae, terminal segment (S 8) with 3 apical setae (1 long, 1 half as long, 1 very short) and 1 lateral aesthetasc, the latter about twice as long as the segment. A 2 (Fig. 10 B) with exopodite consisting of 1 long seta, 1 short seta and a small and short, compact organ; first endopodal segment with 2 unequal ventroapical setae and a Y-aesthetasc of normal length, natatory setae fully absent; penultimate segment of endopode dorsally with 1 lateral seta and ventrally 2 long subapical setae of unequal size and 1 short apical seta, with 1 short z-seta, 2 long claws (here homologized with G 1 and G 3) and 1 short claw (G 2); terminal segment with claw GM large and claw Gm half as long, aesthetasc y 3 basally fused with slightly longer accompanying seta. Md palp (Fig. 10 C, D) with reduced chaetotaxy: first palp-segment with respiratory plate well developed, with at least 4 rays; ventrally with seta s 2 very short, s 1 well developed, accompanying seta longer and smooth, alpha-seta small and slender; second palp segment with 2 long seta, 1 of intermediate length and 1 short and slender beta-seta; third segment with 1 medio-dorsal setae, 3 ventro-apical setae and 1 medioapical gamma seta; terminal segment with 2 hirsute claws and 2 short setae. Mx 1 - palp (Fig. 10 E) with 2 long apical setae on first segment, 3 setae on rectangular terminal segment. T 1 - palp (Fig. 11 A) with 3 apical setae, respiratory plate reduced; endite with about 9 unequal setae, setae a, b and d long and stout. T 2 (Fig. 11 B) a walking leg, setae d 1 and d 2 missing, penultimate segment divided and with 2 unequal ventro-apical setae; terminal segment rectangular, with apical claw long and slender and with 1 apical and 1 subapical seta. T 3 (Fig. 11 C) with 1 seta on basipodite; segments 1 and 2 + 3 devoid of setae; terminal segment (4) with 1 apical claw and 2 (sub) apical setae. CR (Fig. 11 D) stout, proximal seta long, distally inserted, i. e. close to proximal claw; with 2 stout and serrated endclaws and a distal seta of intermediate length. End of body (Fig. 11 E) a slender seta. Male unknown. Measurements (in µ m) MZUSP 16375: L = 373, H = 172. MZUSP 16376: L = 371, W = 124. MZUSP 16374: LV: L = 378, H = 178; RV: L = 375, H = 180 CAAPORACANDONA IGUASSUENSIS SP. NOV. (FIGS 13, 14) Type locality Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Municipality of Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná State, Brazil. Approximate GPS coordinates: 25 ° 33 ′ S 54 ° 31 ′ W. Inside the forest, in moist moss. Material collected on 28. xii. 2000 by CEFR. The species is thus far known only from its type locality. Type material Holotype: a dissected female, with valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide and dissected soft parts kept in a sealed slide (MZUSP 16378). Paratypes: 4 females, dissected and stored like the holotype (MZUSP 16379 – 82); 18 females kept in toto in ETOH (MZUSP 16383). Derivation of name Named after its type locality. Iguaçu, also spelled iguassu, means large (guassu) river (i) in the tupiguarani indigenous language. We opted for spelling C. iguassuensis (with double ‘ s’, instead of ‘ c’) because of its more accurate pronunciation. In addition, this alternative spelling (iguassu) exists in the literature concerning tupi-guarani language, even though it is not the official name of the locality. Diagnosis Second segment (S 3) of A 1 without long dorso-apical seta; third segment (S 4 + S 5) with dorso-apical seta not reaching tip of terminal segment. Penultimate segment of A 2 without dorso-lateral seta. Description Cp reniform, slightly convex, narrow in dorsal view, LV overlapping RV along the anterior, posterior and ventral margins. Cp in dorsal and ventral views elongate, with pointed extremities and nearly straight, parallel sides over most of the length, greatest width situated in the middle. Calcified inner lamella narrow on both anterior and posterior sides, both valves with well-developed inner list along (but not on) the inner margin. RV and LV (Fig. 13 A, B) subequal, with narrowly rounded anterior margin, slightly ventrally produced, rounded dorsal margin, more broadly rounded in the posterior part, caudal margin more broadly rounded than anterior one and ventral margin sinuous. Fused zone more developed anteriorly, with straight pore canals, 4 central muscle scars, large fulcral point, mandibular scars small and elongated. Hinge adont. Most appendages with reduction in number of segments and number and length of claws and setae. A 1 (Fig. 13 C) 5 - segmented; first segment (1 + 2) with 1 dorsal seta and 2 ventral setae; second segment (S 3) without any setae, third segment (S 4 + S 5) with dorsoapical seta not reaching tip of terminal segment; fourth segment (S 6 + S 7) with 1 long and 1 shorter dorso-apical setae, terminal segment (S 8) with 3 apical setae (1 long, 1 half as long, 1 very short) and 1 lateral aesthetasc, the latter about twice as long as the segment. A 2 (Fig. 13 D) with exopodite consisting of 1 long seta, 1 short seta and small and short, compact organ; first endopodal segment with 2 unequal ventro-apical setae and Y-aesthetasc of normal length, natatory setae fully absent; penultimate segment of endopode without dorso-apical setae, but with 2 ventro-apical seta, 2 short z-setae, 2 long claws (here homologized with G 1 and G 3) and 1 short claw (G 2); terminal segment with claw GM large and Gm half as long, aesthetasc y 3 basally fused with slightly longer accompanying seta. Md palp (Fig. 13 E, F) with reduced chaetotaxy: first palp-segment with respiratory plate well developed, with at least 4 rays; ventrally with seta s 2 very small, s 1 well developed, accompanying seta longer and smooth, alpha-seta small and slender; second palp segment with 2 long seta, 2 of intermediate length and 1 short and slender beta-seta; third segment with 2 medio-dorsal setae, 3 ventro-apical setae and 1 medioapical gamma seta; terminal segment with 2 hirsute claws and 2 short setae. Mx 1 - palp (Fig. 13 G) with 3 long apical setae on first segment, 3 setae on rectangular terminal segment. T 1 - palp (Fig. 14 A) with 3 apical setae, respiratory plate reduced; endite with about 8 unequal setae, setae a, b and d long and stout. T 2 (Fig. 14 B) a walking leg, setae d 1 and d 2 missing, penultimate segment divided and with 2 unequal ventro-apical setae; terminal segment rectangular, with apical claw long and slender and with 1 apical and 1 subapical seta. T 3 (Fig. 14 C) with 1 seta on basipodite; segments 1 and 2 + 3 devoid of setae; terminal segment (4) with 1 apical claw and 2 (sub) apical setae. CR (Fig. 14 D) stout, proximal seta long, distally inserted, i. e. close to proximal claw; with 2 stout and serrated endclaws and a distal seta of intermediate length. End of body (Fig. 14 E) a slender seta. Male unknown. Measurements (approximate values, in µ m) MZUSP 16378: L = 330, H = 150 for both valves. Remark: due to decalcification of the material, no SEM illustrations are available.	en	Pinto, R. L., Rocha, C. E. F., Martens, K. (2005): On new terrestrial ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazil, primarily from São Paulo State. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 145-173, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00185.x
