taxonID	type	description	language	source
1632D73D57982729CBB0153E56D9C072.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Species of Spinosuncus can be recognized externally by the yellow to fulvous wing ground colour, the fulvous to brown lines, the distinct subterminal lines usually arched to CuA 2 then obviously angled or concave near the tornus. Diagnostic characters in the male genitalia are the short and stout, strongly sclerotized uncus distally with two spines or teeth, the lamellate, distally inflated sella set with fin-shaped setae forming editum, the dorsally inflated sacculus with the dorsal margin sclerotized and usually spinulose, the distally broad and usually spinulose phallus, and the spine-like cornuti appear funnel-shaped in the distal end of the vesica. The female genitalia are characterized by the strongly sclerotized lamella postvaginalis always extended dorsolaterally, and the sclerotized transverse band posteriorly in the cup-shaped antrum. Spinosuncus moths are most similar in appearance to Pseudopagyda Slamka, 2013. Some species of Spinosuncus can be distinguished by the much smaller wingspan (usually less than 24 mm). However, some Spinosuncus species have a similar body size to Pseudopagyda, but they can still be differentiated by the wavy or dentate lines on the wings dorsally, especially the sinuate (rather than oblique, or slightly curved as in Pseudopagyda) anterior part of the postmedial line near the costa. In the male genitalia, the sclerotized uncus, the fin-shaped setae (editum) of the sella, and the inflated sacculus distinguish Spinosuncus from Pseudopagyda. In the female genitalia, the long and slender ductus bursae is distinct from the extremely short ductus bursae of Pseudopagyda.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
1632D73D57982729CBB0153E56D9C072.taxon	description	Description. Head. Frons oblique, yellowish brown, with white lateral bands. Vertex with moderately raised scales projecting between antennae. Labial palpus obliquely upturned, exceeding frons by 2 / 3 length of head or slightly less, third palpomere porrect, yellowish brown with base contrastingly white. Maxillary palpus small, yellowish brown, tips pale yellow, sometimes mixed with white. Proboscis well developed, with basal scaling white. Antenna pale yellow, with cilia as long as width of corresponding flagellomeres in male. Thorax. With appressed scales, yellow. Legs unmodified. Foreleg brown, tibia white with brown cross band medially, tarsus white; midleg pale brown, tibia and tarsus white ventrally; hind leg pale yellow, tinged with white, basal inner spur longer than apical inner spurs. Forewing subtriangular, termen gently arched; retinaculum a tuft of curved bristles from below base of discal cell. Hindwing fan-shaped, costal margin translucent whitish; frenulum simple in male, with two acanthae in female. Wing venation (Figure 2) in forewing with cell about half length of wing; R 1 free, from 4 / 5 of anterior margin of cell, R 2 free but adjacent to stem of R 3 + R 4 in about basal half, R 3 and R 4 stalked to about 2 / 3, R 4 to just before apex, R 5 parallel to stalked R 3 + R 4 at base then diverging; M 1 moderately close to R 5 at base, M 2 widely separate from M 1, closing vein concavely curved; M 2, M 3 and CuA 1 from posterior angle of cell, M 3 closer to M 2 at base than to CuA 1, then diverging; CuA 2 from 3 / 5 of posterior margin of cell; 1 A faintly sinuate to tornus, 2 A forming complete loop and distally recurved before joining 1 A, sometimes disconnected. Hindwing with cell about 1 / 3 length of wing; Sc + R 1 and Rs anastomosing for 1 / 3 beyond end of discal cell, Rs and M 1 short-stalked, closing vein concave, angled medially; M 3 closer to M 2 at base than to CuA 1, parallel with M 2 at base, then diverging; 1 A complete but weak, 3 A curved. Abdomen. Slender, usually yellowish, sometimes dark brown, apical margin of segments usually tinged with white. Male genitalia. Uncus short and stout, nearly quadrate, with wide base; usually strongly sclerotized; distal end with two or four sharp spines laterally or distally bifid forming two teeth; glabrous or ventrolaterally set with few setae, or densely setose at base of teeth. Tegumen quadrate. Vinculum U-shaped. Saccus short, near triangular, rounded at apex. Valva tongue-shaped, varying in width, tapering towards apex, set with hair-like setae on inner side; transtilla sub-triangular, meeting in middle, usually with setae on dorsal margin; costa simple, costal sclerotized band narrow to broad, extended to beyond 2 / 3 of dorsal margin; sacculus broad, expanded except basal part, with dorsal margin strongly sclerotized and often spinose; sella slender to broad, lamellate, distally inflated, set with modified setae (editum), varying from fin-shaped to thick, needle-shaped. Juxta heart-shaped to nearly pentagonal. Phallus with distal part broad and moderately setose, usually spinulose; vesica in distal part with numerous spine-like cornuti appear funnel-shaped, sometimes with several large spicules. Female genitalia. Ovipositor lobes flat, densely setose. Sinus vaginalis well developed, membranous, usually with sclerotized, streak-like or hook-like notches anterolaterally (absent in S. praepandalis and S. curvisetaceus); lamella postvaginalis band-shaped, sclerotized (weakly sclerotized in S. contractalis, S. rectacutus and S. brevacutus), always extended dorsolaterally. Antrum membranous or sclerotized and granulated, cup-shaped, with sclerotized transverse band posteriorly. Ductus seminalis originating from anterior end of colliculum. Ductus bursae with base slightly rotated, as long as or longer than length or diameter of corpus bursae; colliculum ring-shaped, sclerotized. Corpus bursae drop-shaped or globular; accessory bursa present, sometimes with second signum at base; main signum rhomboid.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
1632D73D57982729CBB0153E56D9C072.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. All of the Chinese material has been collected during the night at light. Host information is currently unavailable. Spinosuncus aureolalis and S. contractalis occur sympatrically with species of Pseudopagyda in some places. According to Baenziger (1995), they are not lachryphagous.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
1632D73D57982729CBB0153E56D9C072.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Spinosuncus occurs in South China (Figure 28), India, and Thailand.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
1632D73D57982729CBB0153E56D9C072.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The generic name is a compound word that refers to the uncus distally with spines (" spinosus " in Latin). The resultant name is masculine in gender.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
C52F6C05A3DC0F6941485A65B5542EDC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type material. Lectotype, 1 ♂; Khasis, Warren Type, Pyralidae Brit. Slide No. 8677 (NHMUK), designated by Baenziger (1995).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
C52F6C05A3DC0F6941485A65B5542EDC.taxon	materials_examined	Other material examined. CHINA, Hainan: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Bawangling, Changjiang, 19.12 N, 109.08 E, alt. 161 m, 22. VII. 2014, leg. Cong Peixin, Hu Sha and Liu Linjie, genitalia slide no. ZDD 12049 (♂) (NKU); 1 ♀, Bawangling, 11. VI. 2010, leg. Kang Li, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0185; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Jianfengling, 5. VI. 2010, leg. Kang Li, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0174 (♂); 1 ♀, Jianfengling, 18.75 N, 108.85 E, alt. 969 m, 12. IX. 2013, leg. Xie Weicai, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0067; 1 ♂, Bangxi Reserve, 19.37 N, 109.10 E, alt. 97 m, 2. IX. 2013, leg. Chen Xiaohua, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0017; 1 ♂, Nankai Town, Baisha, 19.05 N, 109.40 E, alt. 294 m, 19. V. 2013, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0065; 1 ♂, Sanya Village, Fanjia, 19.25 N, 109.65 E, alt. 302 m, 27. X. 2013, leg. Chen Kai and Chen Xiaohua, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0040; 1 ♀, Mt. Diaoluoshan, alt. 500 m, 24. V. 2014, leg. Xu Dan and Xu Lijun, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0914; 1 ♀, Wuzhishan Natural Reserve, 18.88 N, 109.65 E, alt. 742 m, 21. V. 2015, leg. Cong Xinpei, Guan Wei and Hu Sha (NKU); Yunnan: 3 ♂, Bawan, Baoshan, alt. 1040 m, 9. VIII. 2007, leg. Zhang Dandan, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0019; 5 ♂, 1 ♀, Baihualing, Baoshan, alt. 1520 m, 11,13. VII. 2007, leg. Zhang Dandan, genitalia slides no. CXH 12155 (♂), SYSU 0039 (♂), SYSU 0047 (♂), SYSU 0073 (♀); 2 ♂, Baihualing, Mt. Gaoligongshan, Baoshan City, 25.30 N, 98.80 E, alt. 1473 m, 29. VII. 2013, leg. Liu Shurong, Teng Kaijian and Wang Yuqi (NKU); 1 ♂, Baihualing, Mt. Gaoligongshan, Baoshan City, 25.30 N, 98.80 E, alt. 1473 m, 7. VIII. 2014, leg. Liu Shurong, Rong Hua and Teng Kaijian (NKU); 1 ♂, Dahaoping, alt. 2020 m, 6. VIII. 2007, leg. Zhang Dandan; 1 ♂, Jingpozhai, Nabang, Yingjiang, 24.71 N, 97.39 E, alt. 231 m, 3. VIII. 2013, leg. Liu Shurong, Teng Kaijian and Wang Yuqi (NKU); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, 55 km site, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve, 23. V. 2015, leg. Zhang Zhenguo, genitalia slide no. ZDD 12053 (♂, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0153) (NKU); 1 ♂, Yexiang Valley, Xishuangbanna, 22.17 N, 100.87 E, alt. 762 m, 18. VII. 2014, leg. Guan Wei, Liu Shurong and Wang Xiuchun (NKU); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Yexiang Valley, Xishuangbanna, 22.17 N, 100.87 E, alt. 762 m, 10 - 12. VII. 2015, leg. Bai Xia and Teng Kaijian, genitalia slide no. ZDD 12048 (♂, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0135) (NKU); 1 ♂, Guanping, Mengyang, alt. 1200 m, 20. VIII. 2005, leg. Ren Yingdang, genitalia slide no. CYP 12056 (NKU); 1 ♂, Nanla River, Bubang, Mengla, 21.59 N, 101.58 E, alt. 652 m, 15. VII. 2013, leg. Liu Shurong, Teng Kaijian and Wang Yuqi (NKU); 1 ♀, Yaoqu Town, Xishuangbanna, alt. 780 m, 26. V. 2015, leg. Tao Manfei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0913, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0133; Tibet: 1 ♀, Medog, alt. 1103 m, 8. VII. 2013, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0915.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
C52F6C05A3DC0F6941485A65B5542EDC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Within the genus, S. contractalis resembles S. rectacutus and S. brevacutus in the relatively small wingspan, the almost indistinguishable wing pattern, the glabrous uncus, a row of dense setae on the transtilla dorsally, the two sclerotized notches anterolaterally on the sinus vaginalis and the short ductus bursae (approximately as long as the length of the corpus bursae). However, it can be differentiated from S. rectacutus by the somewhat more sinuate postmedial line of the forewing near costa, in the male genitalia by the shorter, excurved spines of the uncus and the acinaciform, densely spinous extension of the sacculus distally. In the female genitalia, it is characterized by the curved sclerotized notches anterolaterally on the sinus vaginalis. The differences between S. contractalis and S. brevacutus are given in the diagnosis of the latter species.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
C52F6C05A3DC0F6941485A65B5542EDC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. (Figure 28). China (Hainan, Yunnan, Tibet), India, Thailand.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
B911642874D1595A113EBAFAB074200F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♂ (Fig. 4); CHINA, Guizhou: Weng'ang Town, Maolan Reserve, Libo, 25.25 N, 107.90 E, alt. 814 m, 25. VII. 2015, leg. Chen Kai, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0060. Paratypes: Hubei: 1 ♂, Pingbaying, Xianfeng, alt. 1280 m, 21. VII. 1999, leg. Li Houhun et al., genitalia slide no. ZDD 12055 (NKU); 3 ♂, Mahe Town, Xianfeng, alt. 400 m, 24 - 26. VII. 1999, leg. Li Houhun et al., genitalia slide no. ZDD 12056 (NKU); 1 ♂, Maobaqu, Lichuan, alt. 700 m, 29. VII. 1999, leg. Li Houhun et al., genitalia slide no. ZDD 12057 (NKU); Guangxi: 1 ♂, Nanchao, Yachang Forest Farm, Leye, alt. 1160 m, 26. VII. 2004, leg. Xu Jiasheng (NKU); 1 ♂, Huaping, Yachang Forest Farm, Leye, alt. 910 m, 28. VII. 2004, leg. Xu Jiasheng, genitalia slide no. CYP 12058 (NKU); 15 ♂, 2 ♀, Nonggang, Longzhou, 22.47 N, 106.96 E, alt. 271 m, 19. IV. 2012, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0036 (♀), 0188 (♀), 0009, 0014, 0024, 0041, 0042, 0043, 0044, 0054, 0055; 8 ♂, 2 ♀, Nonggang, Longzhou, alt. 188 m, 25,27,28,31. VII. 2011, leg. He Guiqing, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0189 (♂), 0194 (♀), 0979 (♀); 1 ♂, Nonggang Reserve, 21. VIII. 2011, leg. Yang Lijun, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0053; 1 ♂, Nonggang Reserve, 21. VIII. 2011, leg. Cheng Muchun, genitalia slide no. CXH 12165; 1 ♂, Nonggang, Longzhou, 20. VIII. 2011, leg. Cheng Muchun; 1 ♂, Nonggang, Longzhou, alt. 280 m, 29. VII. 2012, leg. Yang Xiaofei (NKU); 1 ♂, Sanlian, Longzhou, alt. 180 m, 1. VIII. 2011, leg. He Guiqing; 1 ♂, Tongling Valley, 23.02 N, 106.65 E, alt. 535 m, 22. VII. 2013, leg. Chen Xiaohua, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0259; 1 ♂, Longrui Reserve, 18. VIII. 2011, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0021; 1 ♂, Longrui Reserve, 19. VIII. 2011, leg. Zhang Dandan; 2 ♂, Bangliang, Jingxi, 1,5. VIII. 2010, leg. Huang Jianhua, genitalia slide no. ZDD 12047 (NKU); Guizhou: 2 ♂, Xian'nv'dong, Dashahe, Daozhen, alt. 600 m, 28 - 29. V. 2004, leg. Hao Shulian, genitalia slide no. CYP 12057 (NKU); 1 ♂, Baishao Village, Qinggangtang, Suiyang, alt. 800 m, 11. VIII. 2010, leg. Du Xicui, genitalia slide no. CYP 12063 (NKU); 1 ♂, Baishao, Kuankuoshui, alt. 800 m, 10. VIII. 2010, leg. Du Xicui, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0187; 1 ♂, Mt. Leigongshan, 26.35 N, 108.15 E, alt. 1198 m, leg. Chen Xiaohua, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0057, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0155; 1 ♂, Dongdai, Shuizu Town, Limingguan, Libo, alt. 720 m, 19. VII. 2015, leg. Li Jia'en and Yang Meiqing, genitalia slide no. ZDD 12050, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0134 (NKU); 1 ♀, Weng'ang Town, Maolan Reserve, Libo, 25.25 N, 107.90 E, alt. 814 m, 25. VII. 2015, leg. Chen Kai, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0072; Chongqing: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Xiaonanhai, Qianjiang, alt. 370 m, 21. VII. 2012, Xu Lijun and Zhang Jun, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0186 (♂), 0193 (♀).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
B911642874D1595A113EBAFAB074200F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Spinosuncus rectacutus resembles S. contractalis and S. brevacutus, for which details are provided in the diagnosis of S. contractalis. It can be best distinguished from S. brevacutus by the dorsally densely setose transtilla (moderately setose in S. brevacutus), and the saddle-shaped sacculus with sclerotized margin densely set with a row of spinules. The distal spines of the uncus are straight and longer than those of S. brevacutus, and the lateral margin near the distal end of the uncus is less bulging. In the female genitalia, the length of the colliculum is approximately 1.5 x as long as its minimal width and the notches on the sinus vaginalis are strongly sclerotized whereas in S. brevacutus, the length of the colliculum is approximately as long as its minimal width and the notches on the sinus vaginalis are weakly sclerotized.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
B911642874D1595A113EBAFAB074200F.taxon	description	Description. Head. As for the genus. Thorax. Yellow. Legs as described for the genus. Wingspan 18 - 22.5 mm. Wing pattern as in S. contractalis. Abdomen. Yellow dorsally, apical margin of segments tinged with white. Male genitalia (Figure 11). Uncus with lateral margin slightly bulging near distal end, with base sharply widened; setae absent; distal two corners with straight, pointed spines, outer margin between spines dentate. Valva of medium width, length approximately 2.3 x its maximal width; transtilla with dorsal margin strongly sclerotized and set with dense setae; costal sclerotized band wide, slightly expanded to 2 / 3 of dorsal margin; distal half of sacculus expanded to a saddle-shaped structure, with sclerotized margin, basal half of margin slightly twisted, set with dense spines; sella long and slender, rod-like, distal end slightly inflated, set with several narrow, fin-shaped setae forming editum, each seta with apex evenly divided into several filaments. Juxta heart-shaped. Phallus as in S. contractalis. Female genitalia (Figure 20). Posterior apophysis with small expansion at basal third; anterior apophysis with small expansion beyond basal half. Sinus vaginalis with two straight, sclerotized notches anterolaterally; lamella postvaginalis weakly sclerotized medially, most strongly sclerotized dorsolaterally. Antrum membranous. Ductus bursae slender, nearly as long as length of corpus bursae; colliculum narrow medially. Corpus bursae drop-shaped, slightly spinulose; accessory bursa arising from posterior 1 / 3 of corpus bursae, with small, densely spinulose second signum beside its base; rhombic signum with carinae almost connected.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
B911642874D1595A113EBAFAB074200F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin recti- for straight and acutus, pointed, referring to the straight, pointed spines of the uncus.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
B911642874D1595A113EBAFAB074200F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. (Figure 28). China (Hubei, Guangxi, Guizhou, Chongqing).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
0E57E4E326E43C7B6D874E8B5D819984.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♂ (Fig. 5); CHINA, Guizhou: Weng'ang Town, Maolan Reserve, Libo, 25.25 N, 107.90 E, alt. 814 m, 25. VII. 2015, leg. Chen Kai, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0056, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0009. Paratypes: Jiangxi: 1 ♂, Main Peak, Mt. Jinggangshan, 28. IV. 2011, leg. Liu Ping and Mei Yan, genitalia slide no. CXH 12192; 1 ♂, Main Peak, Mt. Jinggangshan, 30. VI. 2011, leg. Yang Lijun, genitalia slide no. CXH 12161; 1 ♂, Main Peak, Mt. Jinggangshan, 1. IX. 2011, leg. Cheng Muchun, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0064; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (Abdomen lost), Reservoir of Mt. Jinggangshan, 19. IX. 2010, leg. Tong Bo, Zhang Dandan and Zhao Shuang; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Mt. Guanggushan, Wuzhifeng Town, Shangyou, 25.92 N, 114.05 E, alt. 846 m, 22. VI. 2015, leg. Chen Kai, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0015 (♂), 0062 (♀, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0156); 1 ♂, Mt. Jiulianshan, Longnan, 24.54 N, 114.46 E, alt. 625 m, 28. IV. 2012, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0049; Hunan: 1 ♀, Visitors' center, Taoyuandong, 26.47 N, 114.04 E, alt. 870 m, 20. V. 2014, leg. Chen Xiaohua, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0063; Guizhou: 1 ♂, Maolan Reserve, 1. IX. 2011, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slide no. CXH 12162; 4 ♂, Maolan Reserve, 25.13 N, 107.87 E, alt. 797 m, 12. VII. 2013, leg. Chen Xiaohua, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0020, 0023, 0074, 0910; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Weng'ang Town, Maolan Reserve, Libo, 25.25 N, 107.90 E, alt. 814 m, 25. VII. 2015, leg. Chen Kai, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0046 (♂), 0071 (♀, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0010), 0978 (♀).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
0E57E4E326E43C7B6D874E8B5D819984.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Spinosuncus brevacutus is similar to S. contractalis and S. rectacutus. Differences with S. rectacutus are given in the diagnosis of S. rectacutus. It can be distinguished from S. contractalis by the minute and weakly outwardly curved spines of the apical uncus, the concave margin between those spines, the moderately setose transtilla and the semicircular sacculus distally with sclerotized, sparsely toothed margin in the male genitalia, by the straight, weakly sclerotized notches of the sinus vaginalis (curved, strongly sclerotized in S. contractalis) and the relatively broad ductus bursae in the female genitalia.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
0E57E4E326E43C7B6D874E8B5D819984.taxon	description	Description. Head. As for the genus. Thorax. Yellow. Legs as described for the genus. Wingspan 19 - 24 mm. Wing pattern as in S. contractalis. Abdomen. Yellow dorsally, apical margin of segments tinged with white. Male genitalia (Figure 12). Uncus with the lateral margin strongly bulging near distal end, with base sharply widened; setae absent; distal two corners slightly extended, forming minute spines. Valva of medium width, length approximately 2.5 x its maximal width; transtilla with dorsal margin slightly sclerotized, set with few setae; costal sclerotized band rather wide, slightly expanded to 2 / 3 of dorsal margin; distal half of sacculus expanded, semicircular, with strongly sclerotized margin, sometimes set with few tiny teeth, distal third of margin twisted; sella long and slender, rod-like, distal end slightly inflated and upcurved, set with several narrow, fin-shaped setae forming editum, each seta with apex evenly divided into several filaments. Juxta heart-shaped, distal half divided. Phallus as in S. contractalis. Female genitalia (Figure 21). Posterior apophysis with small expansion at basal third; anterior apophysis with small expansion beyond basal half. Sinus vaginalis with two straight, weakly sclerotized notches anterolaterally; lamella postvaginalis weakly sclerotized medially, most strongly sclerotized dorsolaterally. Antrum membranous. Ductus bursae moderately broad, as long as length of corpus bursae; colliculum somewhat constricted medially. Corpus bursae drop-shaped; accessory bursa arising from posterior 1 / 3 of corpus bursae, with small, weakly spinulose second signum beside its base; rhombic signum with two opposing angles bearing weak, narrow carinae almost connected medially, the other two angles set with spines.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
0E57E4E326E43C7B6D874E8B5D819984.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin brevi-, short, and acutus for pointed, referring to the short, pointed spines of the uncus.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
0E57E4E326E43C7B6D874E8B5D819984.taxon	distribution	Distribution. (Figure 28). China (Jiangxi, Hunan, Guizhou).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
094ED04B84C1806C8D7D4995884098A2.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type material. Lectotype, 1 ♀; Sikkim, O. Miller., [18] 89, collection of H. J. Elwes, Pyralidae Brit. Slide no. 9711 (NHMUK).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
094ED04B84C1806C8D7D4995884098A2.taxon	materials_examined	Other material examined. CHINA, Hubei: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Shayuan, Hefeng, alt. 1260 m, 15,17. VII. 1999, leg. Li Houhun, genitalia slides no. ZDD 02388 (♂), 02389 (♀) (NKU); Hunan: 1 ♀, Jiangping, Mt. Hupingshan, Shimen County, alt. 480 m, 6. V. 2002, leg. Yu Haili (NKU); Sichuan: 1 ♂, Wannian Temple, Mt. E'meishan, 29.59 N, 103.38 E, alt. 830 m, 14. VII. 2014, leg. Guan Wei, Liu Shurong and Wang Xiuchun (NKU); Chongqing: 1 ♂, Dawopu, Mt. Simianshan, 28.58 N, 106.35 E, alt. 1059 m, 12. VII. 2016, leg. Chen Kai; 1 ♂, Tiantangba, Mt. Simianshan, 28.64 N, 106.35 E, alt. 921 m, 13. VII. 2016, leg. Chen Kai; 1 ♂, Mt. Jinfoshan, alt. 1700 m, 13. VII. 2010, leg. Du Xicui and Shi Shengwen, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0191; 1 ♀, Wuli Town, Qianjiang, alt. 870 m, 23. VII. 2012, leg. Xu Lijun and Zhang Jun, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0196; Guizhou: 1 ♂, Heiwan, Jiangkou, alt. 600 m, 28. VII. 2001, leg. Li Houhun and Wang Xinpu, genitalia slide no. ZDD 02061 (NKU); 2 ♂, Huguo Temple, Mt. Fanjingshan, alt. 1390 m, 28. V. 2002, leg. Wang Xinpu, genitalia slide no. CYP 12041 (NKU); 3 ♂, Weng'ang Town, Maolan Reserve, Libo, 25.25 N, 107.90 E, alt. 814 m, 25. VII. 2015, leg. Chen Kai, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0038, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0006; 1 ♂, Weng'ang Town, Libo, alt. 1345 m, 18. VII. 2015, leg. Wan Jiping; Yunnan: 4 ♂, 2 ♀, Mt. Jizushan, Binchuan, 25.93 N, 100.38 E, alt. 1831 m, 29. VI. 2012, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slides no. CXH 12156 (♂), SYSU 0045 (♂), 0076 (♀), 0980 (♀); 5 ♂, 1 ♀, Mt. Gaoligongshan, Baoshan, 24.82 N, 98.78 E, alt. 1700 m, 22. V. 2016, leg. Duan Yongjiang, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0190 (♂), 0195 (♀, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0131); 2 ♀, Dahaoping, Tengchong, alt. 2020 m, 6. VIII. 2007, leg. Zhang Dandan, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0078, 0183; 1 ♂, Pianma Village, Lushui, Nujiang, alt. 1889 m, 16. VIII. 2015, leg. Wei Xueli; 1 ♀, Malipo County, alt. 1098 m, 4. VI. 2015, leg. Tao Manfei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0911; Tibet: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Hanmi, Medog, alt. 2380 m, 9. VIII. 2003, leg. Wang Xinpu and Xue Huaijun, genitalia slide no. CYP 12062 (♂) (NKU); 1 ♂, Shangzayue, Nyingchi, alt. 1936 m, 16. VIII. 2015, leg. Xu Dan. INDIA: 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Elwes, collection of H. J. Elwes, Pyralidae Brit. Slide no. 8674 (NHMUK); 1 ♂, Sikkim, O. Miller., [18] 89, collection of H. J. Elwes (NHMUK).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
094ED04B84C1806C8D7D4995884098A2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Spinosuncus praepandalis has a larger wingspan (24 - 30 mm) than in the species described above. It has a wingspan similar to that of S. aureolalis, but can be differentiated by the dentate lines and the thickened anterior part of the postmedial line of the forewing near the costa. In the male genitalia, it is distinguished by the distally bifid uncus, forming two sclerotized, large outwardly curved teeth with a hairy basal margin (as in S. curvisetaceus), the two to three straight, thick needle-shaped setae dorsally set on each side of the transtilla and the semicircular sacculus distally with the margin scle rotized and with a small process distally. In the female genitalia, it is distinguished by the sinus vaginalis without sclerotized, streak-like or hook-like notches (as in S. curvisetaceus) and the long and slender ductus bursae, which is more than twice as long as the diameter of the corpus bursae, differs from that of the species described above (the ductus bursae is almost as long as the length of the corpus bursae). The differences between S. praepandalis and S. curvisetaceus are given in the diagnosis of the latter species.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
094ED04B84C1806C8D7D4995884098A2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. (Figure 28). China (Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet), India.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
463A3A66B2E4A6A9F4AD39F3E0B159A8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype ♂; CHINA, Jiangxi: Mt. Sanqingshan, Jinsha County, Shangrao, alt. 380 - 390 m, 20. IV. 2007, leg. Bai Haiyan and Du Xicui, genitalia slide no. ZDD 12058 (NKU). Paratypes: Fujian: 1 ♂, Tongmu Village, Mt. Wuyishan, 3. V. 2014, leg. Yang Xiaofei, genitalia slide no. ZDD 12051 (NKU); Jiangxi: 1 ♂, Shiguling Power Plant, Mt. Sanqingshan, Jinsha County, Shangrao, alt. 410 - 420 m, 15. IV. 2007, leg. Bai Haiyan and Du Xicui, genitalia slide no. CYP 12066 (NKU); 6 ♂, Mt. Sanqingshan, Jinsha County, Shangrao, alt. 380 - 390 m, 19, 20. IV. 2007, leg. Bai Haiyan and Du Xicui, genitalia slides no. CYP 12060, 12074, ZDD 12026 (NKU); 1 ♂, Shixi Town, Fengxin, 28.44 N, 114.54 E, alt. 506 m, 22. IX. 2012, leg. Yang Lijun, genitalia slide no. CXH 12167; 1 ♀, Nanfengmian Reserve, Qianmo Village, Suichuan, 26.28 N, 114.06 E, alt. 816 m, 19. VI. 2015, leg. Chen Kai, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0061, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0129; Guangxi: 1 ♂, Jiuniutang, Mt. Mao'ershan, alt. 550 m, 20. IV. 2002, leg. Hao Shulian and Xue Huaijun, genitalia slide no. ZDD 02245 (NKU); 1 ♂, Huawang Villa, Jinxiu, alt. 550 m, 13. IV. 2002, leg. Hao Shulian and Xue Huaijun, genitalia slide no. ZDD 02241 (NKU).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
463A3A66B2E4A6A9F4AD39F3E0B159A8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Spinosuncus curvisetaceus resembles S. praepandalis in wing pattern. The wingspan of S. curvisetaceus is usually smaller than that of S. praepandalis, S. aureolalis and S. quadracutus, but larger than in S. contractalis, S. rectacutus and S. brevacutus. The ground colour of the wings is paler than that of S. praepandalis. In the male genitalia, it can be differentiated from S. praepandalis by the straight mediobasal margin of the distal teeth of the uncus (curved in S. praepandalis), the curved setae on the transtilla dorsally (straight in S. praepandalis) and the expanded, rectangular distal half of sacculus, with sclerotized and densely spinulose dorsal margin. In the female genitalia, the anterior apophysis is thicker than that of S. praepandalis. It can be distinguished from other Spinosuncus species (except S. praepandalis) by the distally strongly bifid uncus, forming two sclerotized, large excurved teeth bearing hair-like setae basally, two thick needle-shaped setae on the transtilla dorsally and the absence of sclerotized, streak-like or hook-like notches anterolaterally on the sinus vaginalis.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
463A3A66B2E4A6A9F4AD39F3E0B159A8.taxon	description	Description. Head. As for the genus. Thorax. Yellowish brown. Legs as described for the genus. Wingspan 24 - 26 mm. Wing pattern as in S. praepandalis, ground colour paler than that of S. praepandalis. Abdomen. Yellowish to brown, apical margin of segments tinged with white. Male genitalia (Figure 14). Uncus sharply tapering towards apex; distal half bifid, forming two slightly outwardly curved and sclerotized teeth, basally set with dense setae, arranged in a curved line. Valva of medium width, ventral margin beyond sacculus slightly concave, length approximately 2.1 x its maximal width; transtilla extended ventrally into long and curved projection, set with two thick and curved, needle-shaped setae at base dorsally; costal sclerotized band moderately wide, slightly expanded to 3 / 4 of dorsal margin; distal half of sacculus expanded, rectangular, with dorsal margin strongly sclerotized and densely spinulose, distally twisted; sella long and slender, rod-like, upcurved, distally set with few broad, fin-shaped setae, each seta with apex evenly divided into several filaments. Juxta shield-shaped, distal half divided medially. Phallus as in S. praepandalis. Female genitalia (Figure 23). Posterior apophysis with hook-like expansion at basal 2 / 5. Sinus vaginalis without sclerotized, streak-like or hook-like notches; lamella postvaginalis band-shaped, well developed, extended to cover entire eighth segment ventrally. Antrum membranous. Ductus bursae long and slender, more than two times as long as length of corpus bursae; colliculum narrower at anterior end. Corpus bursae small, ovoid; accessory bursa arising from posterior 1 / 3 of corpus bursae; rhombic signum as in S. praepandalis; second signum absent.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
463A3A66B2E4A6A9F4AD39F3E0B159A8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin curv- (curved) and setaceus (setaceous), referring to the curved setae set at the dorsal base of the transtilla.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
463A3A66B2E4A6A9F4AD39F3E0B159A8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. (Figure 28). China (Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
3EE5DF776CFAD2F92083A8AEA67DC93F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type material. Lectotype of Pyralis ochrealis: 1 ♂; Sikkim, Moore Coll. 94 - 106, Pyralidae Brit. Slide No. 8678 (NHMUK), designated by Baenziger (1995).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
3EE5DF776CFAD2F92083A8AEA67DC93F.taxon	materials_examined	Other material examined. CHINA, Guangxi: 2 ♂, Nonggang, Longzhou, alt. 188 m, 26. VII. 2011, leg. He Guiqing, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0909; Yunnan: 1 ♀, Baihualing, Baoshan, alt. 1251 m, 13. VIII. 2007, leg. Zhang Dandan, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0075; 2 ♂, Baihualing, Baoshan, alt. 1520 m, 11,13. VIII. 2007, leg. Zhang Dandan, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0050, 0066; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Mengla, alt. 800 m, 6,8. VII. 2012, leg. Kitching and Ashton, genitalia slide no. FCEL 0002 (♀) (FCEL); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Bubang, Xishuangbanna, 21.60 N, 101.59 E, alt. 656 m, 23. VII. 2014, leg. Guan Wei, Liu Shurong, Teng Kaijian and Wang xiuchun, genitalia slide no. ZDD 12052 (♀, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0146), ZDD 12054 (♂) (NKU); 1 ♂, Nabang, Yingjiang County, 24.75 N, 97.56 E, alt. 239 m, 27. V. 2016, leg. Duan Yongjiang, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0958, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0132; 1 ♂, Pianma Village, Lushui, Nujiang, alt. 1889 m, 16. VIII. 2015, leg. Wei Xueli, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0959; 1 ♂, Daxichang, Malipo County, alt. 1465 m, 7. VI. 2015, leg. Tao Manfei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0173.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
3EE5DF776CFAD2F92083A8AEA67DC93F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Spinosuncus aureolalis has a large wingspan (more than 26 mm). The ground colour of the wings is the darkest within the genus. Though S. aureolalis has a similar wingspan as S. praepandalis, it can be distinguished by the sinuate but not thickened anterior part of the postmedial line of the forewing near costa and the smooth, not dentate wing lines. In the male genitalia, it is characterized by the uncus distally with two large spines, the cheliform sacculus projections, and the fin- and needle-shaped setae forming editum on the sella distally (as in S. quadracutus). In the female genitalia, the two large, hook-like notches anterolaterally on the sinus vaginalis and the laterally broad, granulated antrum (as in S. quadracutus) are diagnostic. The appearance of S. aureolalis is most similar to that of S. quadracutus, both having the same wing pattern. The differences between these two species are given in the diagnosis of S. quadracutus.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
3EE5DF776CFAD2F92083A8AEA67DC93F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. (Figure 28). China (Guangxi, Yunnan), India (Sikkim), Thailand (Chiang Mai).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
48530F6CC6EEA831B643A5A157FCA009.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♂; CHINA, Hainan: Mt. Limushan, 19.16 N, 109.73 E, alt. 662 m, 20. V. 2013, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0048, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0002. Paratypes: CHINA, Fujian: 1 ♂, Guadun, Mt. Wuyishan, 27.74 N, 117.64 E, alt. 1220 m, 17. V. 2012, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0034; Hainan: 2 ♂, Mt. Limushan, 19.16 N, 109.73 E, alt. 662 m, 20. V. 2013, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0032; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Jianling Reserve, 18.87 N, 110.27 E, alt. 143 m, 8. IX. 2013, leg. Chen Xiaohua, genitalia slides no. SYSU 0029 (♂), SYSU 0035 (♀, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP 0001); 1 ♀, Mt. Diaoluoshan, 18.65 N, 109.93 E, alt. 98 m, 3. XI. 2013, leg. Chen Kai and Chen Xiaohua, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0912; 1 ♀, Nankai Town, Baisha, 19.05 N, 109.24 E, alt. 294 m, 19. V. 2013, leg. Li Jinwei, genitalia slide no. SYSU 0077.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
48530F6CC6EEA831B643A5A157FCA009.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is indistinguishable from S. aureolalis in wing pattern. In the male genitalia, it can be distinguished from S. aureolalis by the uncus with four prominent pointed spines distally (the median two small and indistinct in S. aureolalis), the blunt distal projection of sacculus (pointed in S. aureolalis) always set with one long spine pointing towards juxta (often with two long spines in S. aureolalis, Figure 15 C) and the more spinulose and with arched dorsal margin distal projection (smooth, less arched in S. aureolalis, Figs 15 C, 16 C). In the female genitalia, it can be differentiated from S. aureolalis by the more closely set dorsolateral extensions of lamella postvaginalis and relatively larger and more closely set hook-like notches of the sinus vaginalis anterolaterally (Figs 26 B, 27 B).	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
48530F6CC6EEA831B643A5A157FCA009.taxon	description	Description. Head. Frons brown, vertex with moderately raised scales projecting between antennae, labial palpus brown, white at base ventrally. Maxillary palpus brown, with apex pale yellow. Thorax. Yellow. Legs as described for the genus. Wingspan 26 - 30 mm. Wing pattern as in S. aureolalis. Abdomen. Fulvous dorsally, apical margin of segments tinged with white. Male genitalia (Figs 17, 18). Uncus tapering from base to middle; laterally membranous and set with several setae ventrally; otherwise strongly sclerotized; with two caniniform teeth medioventrally; distally with four sharp and slender spines, the lateral two longer, about two times as long as the median two. Valva narrow, as in S. aureolalis; transtilla extended ventrally into a long and narrow projection, dorsal margin with sparse setae; costal sclerotized band rather narrow, extended to near distal end of valva; sacculus with central caniniform projection and distal cheliform projection, distal half set with dense setae ventrally, distal projection strongly sclerotized, set with dense and slightly raised spines and one moderately downcurved spine pointing towards juxta; sella short and broad, distally inflated, set with modified setae forming editum, varying form fin-shaped to thick needle-shaped, ventral margin upcurved, thickened and sclerotized, distally spinose, ending in long, curved spine. Juxta shield-shaped, pentagonal, distal margin slightly bifid. Phallus as in S. aureolalis. Female genitalia (Figs 26, 27). Anterior apophysis sclerotized, slightly sin uate in distal third; posterior apophysis oblong, slender, and strongly sclerotized. Sinus vaginalis with two large, thick, hook-like notches anterolaterally; lamella postvaginalis sclerotized, band-shaped, extended dorsolaterally to approximately 1 / 3 width of sinus vaginalis. Antrum granulated and broad. Ductus bursae long and moderately wide, about two times as long as diameter of corpus bursae; colliculum well-developed, with anterior end narrower. Corpus bursae globular; accessory bursa arising from posterior end of corpus bursae; rhombic signum with carinae well-developed and connected (Figure 26 A) or weak and wide separated (Figure 27 A), other two angles densely bearing spines, sometimes smooth medially (Figure 27 A); second signum absent.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
48530F6CC6EEA831B643A5A157FCA009.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin quadri- (four) and acutus (pointed), referring to the distal uncus with four pointed spines.	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
48530F6CC6EEA831B643A5A157FCA009.taxon	distribution	Distribution. (Figure 28). China (Fujian, Hainan)	en	Chen, Kai, Zhang, Dandan, Li, Houhun (2018): Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae). ZooKeys 799: 115-151, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925
