identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E587E7BB78FFFDFF50EE4CFA11F93B.text	03E587E7BB78FFFDFF50EE4CFA11F93B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanophora Meigen 1803	<div><p>Key to species of Melanophora</p> <p>1 M vein complete, wing cell r 4+5 closed and long petiolate (Figs 9–10). Crossed apical scutellar setae present and well developed (Fig. 8). Mouthparts well developed (Figs 2, 4). Female: wing membrane mainly brownish with whitish posterior subapical spot (Fig. 10)................................................................................................................................. 2</p> <p>- M incomplete and not reaching wing margin, ending about where bend of M should be (Figs 14, 20). Scutellum without crossed apical setae. Mouthparts strongly reduced, vestigial (Fig. 13). Female wing pattern not as above.. 3</p> <p>2 Petiole of R 4+5 very long, 2.1–2.5 times as long as postangular section of M; Cs 6 at least as long as Cs 4 (distinctly longer in female); anterodistal edge of wing with a concavity at the intersection of 4 th and 6 th costal sections, very pronounced in female, just visible in male (Figs 9, 10). Female head and thorax mainly yellow in ground colour. Male cerci, in posterior view, very narrow; basally not enlarged (Fig. 11).......................................... M. chia sp. nov.</p> <p>- Petiole of R 4+5 0.9–1.6 times as long as postangular section of M. Cs 6 distinctly shorter than Cs 4. Wing without concavity. Female head and thorax black or dark brown. Male cerci basally enlarged (Fig. 12)... M. roralis (Linnaeus)</p> <p>3 Intra-alar setae present. Thorax and abdomen (Fig. 16) practically without microtomentum. R 1 bare. Mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal seta. dm-Cu lacking or largely incomplete (Fig. 14). Male cercal bases narrowly separated by a distinct medial suture (i.e., not fused) (Fig. 17)............................................................................................. M. asetosa Kugler</p> <p>- Intra-alar setae absent. Abdomen dorsally covered with dense brilliant silver microtomentum (well visible in anterodorsal view) (Fig. 21). R 1 dorsally setulose. Mid tibia without anterodorsal setae. dm-Cu present (Fig. 20). Male cercal bases fused medially (Fig. 22)................................................................................................................................. 4</p> <p>4 R 4+5 dorsally with fine and widely spaced setulae on much of its length. Postpedicel with a row of setae along dorsal margin (Fig. 18). Ground colour of abdominal tergites mainly dark brown but pale yellowish basally and narrowly whitish on hind margins. Mid and hind femora mainly dark-brown or blackish, except for yellowish apices. Only posterior coxa entirely pale yellow. Pleural sclerites of thorax varying in colour from brown to reddish......................................................................................................................................................................... M. basilewskyi (Peris)</p> <p>- R 4+5 dorsally bare. Postpedicel without setae. Ground colour of abdominal tergites pale reddish-yellow on about basal 2/3 or more and brown in the remaining surface. Mid and hind femurs pale yellow on about basal 3/5 and pale brown on the remaining surface. All coxae yellowish. Pleural sclerites of thorax almost entirely pale reddish-yellow.............................................................................................................................................. M. argyriventris (Curran)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E587E7BB78FFFDFF50EE4CFA11F93B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cerretti, Pierfilippo;Pape, Thomas	Cerretti, Pierfilippo, Pape, Thomas (2009): Phylogeny and re-definition of the genus Melanophora (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), with description of a new species from Sardinia *. Zootaxa 2318: 552-565
03E587E7BB79FFF9FF50EDCCFDADFEE3.text	03E587E7BB79FFF9FF50EDCCFDADFEE3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanophora chia Cerretti & Pape 2009	<div><p>Melanophora chia sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 2–11)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂: I – Sardegna (Cagliari prov.) / Dòmus de Maria, Torre di Chia / spiaggia di Su Portu, 1 m / UTM-wgs 84 32S 490072 4305296 / 5.IX.2007, hand net / D. Avesani, M. Bardiani, A. Campanaro leg. [MZUR]. Paratypes: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as holotype [MZUR].</p> <p>Etymology. From the type locality “Torre di Chia”, a noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Having retained the postangular portion of M and showing a female wing membrane with a whitish, sub-distal spot, this species belongs to the roralis -group. It differs from the widespread M. roralis by the following features: i) petiole of R 4+5 very long, 2.1–2.5 times as long as postangular section of M; ii) Cs 6 at least as long as Cs 4 (distinctly longer in female); iii) anterodistal edge of wing with a concavity at the intersection of 4 th and 6 th costal sections, very pronounced in female, just visible in male; iv) female head and thorax mainly yellow in ground colour; v) male cerci, in posterior view, very narrow; basally not enlarged (Fig. 11).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Male (measurements in square brackets refer to the paratype):</p> <p>Body length. 3.3 mm.</p> <p>Colour. Head predominantly black, without microtomentum; frontal vitta brown; palpus and prementum black; antenna entirely black. Thorax and abdomen shiny black, without microtomentum. Legs black. Halter with black knob and brownish-orange stem. Upper and lower calypteres brownish infuscated. Wing membrane evenly brownish, but darker anterobasally.</p> <p>Head (Figs 2–4). Compound eye bare. Arista thickened only at base, covered with microtrichia at most as long as its maximum diameter. First and second aristomeres not elongated. Postpedicel 1.0–[1.2] times as long as pedicel. Frons at its narrowest point 1.1 times as wide as eye in dorsal view. Ocellar setae well developed, proclinate and divergent. Medial vertical seta strong, reclinate. Lateral vertical seta well developed, about 0.7 times as long as medial vertical seta. One strong reclinate upper orbital seta. Three to 5 proclinate orbital setae. Seven to 10 frontal setae descending anteroventrally to level of proximal edge of pedicel; two dorsalmost pairs of frontal setae reclinate. Parafacial with some proclinate, fine setulae on dorsal half. Parafacial, at its narrowest point, about as wide as postpedicel (lateral view). Face and lower facial margin not visible in lateral view. Vibrissa well developed. Vibrissal angle receding. Facial ridge strongly concave, with robust, decumbent setulae on ventral half. Genal dilation well developed, covered with stout setulae. Gena in profile about 0.3 times as high as eye. Postocular setae short. Occiput slightly convex, covered with black setulae. Prementum about 2.5–3.5 times as long as wide. Oral cavity oval. Palpus subcylindrical with some setulae on distal half.</p> <p>Thorax (Figs 5–8). Prosternum and proepisternal depression bare. Anteroventral proepisternal seta well developed and oriented anteroventrally. Ventral proepimeral seta oriented anteroventrally. Postpronotum with 2 strong setae. Scutum with 0–1 + 1–2 acrostichal setae, 2–3 + 3 dorsocentral, 0 + 2 intra-alar and 1 + 1 supraalar setae (first postsutural supra-alar seta absent); 1 posthumeral, 2 well developed notopleural setae. Anatergite bare. Two strong dorsal katepisternal setae sub-equal in length and thickness, plus a smaller additional one ventrally. One short anepimeral seta. Katepimeron bare. Scutellum with 3 pairs of marginal setae: basal pair very short and weak (at most 1/4 of subapicals) sometimes indistinct; subapicals long, robust and slightly divergent; apical pair crossed and horizontal, about 2/3 as long as subapical pair. One pair of short discal scutellar setae, in subapical position.</p> <p>Wing (Figs 9, 10). Costal spine not or very slightly differentiated from costal spinulae. Costal segment Cs 6 at least as long as Cs 4. Costal vein with a just visible concavity at level of R 4+5. Base of R 4+5 with 1, relatively long, setula dorsally. Section of M between dm-Cu and bend of M 3.1–[3.5] times as long as section between dm-Cu and r-m. Cell r 4+5 distinctly petiolate, petiole [2.1]–2.5 times as long as postangular portion of M.</p> <p>Abdomen. Mid-dorsal depression on syntergite 1+2 confined to anterior third of that segment. Syntergite 1+2 and tergite 3 with 1 pair of median marginal setae and 1 pair of lateral marginals. Tergites 4 and 5 each with a row of marginal setae.</p> <p>Male terminalia (Fig. 11). Cerci, in posterior view, very narrow; basally not or very slightly enlarged.</p> <p>Female differs from male as follows:</p> <p>Body length. 3.5 mm.</p> <p>Colour. Frontal vitta light brown; gena, lower part of parafacial and occipital region yellow; vibrissal angle, dorsal half of parafacial, fronto-orbital plate, vertex, antenna, palpus and prementum black. Pleural sclerites, notopleuron, postpronotal lobes, as well as a wide medial vitta on scutum yellow; scutum, between dorsocentral and intra-alar rows black to dark brown; scutellum entirely black. Legs with coxa and trochanter orange-yellow and tibia, femur and tarsus black. Halter with black knob and orange-yellow stem. Lower calypter only slightly infuscated and upper calypter hyaline. Wing infuscated but with a whitish spot at the tip. Abdomen entirely black, except for anterior half of syntergite 1+2 and sides of tergite 3 that are brownishorange.</p> <p>Head. Arista bare.</p> <p>Wing. Section of M between dm-Cu and bend of M 3.6 times as long as section between dm-Cu and r-m. Membrane largely brownish with a whitish spot posterodistally (Fig. 10).</p> <p>Abdomen. Syntergite 1+2 and tergite 3 without lateral marginal setae.</p> <p>Distribution. Italy (Sardinia).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E587E7BB79FFF9FF50EDCCFDADFEE3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cerretti, Pierfilippo;Pape, Thomas	Cerretti, Pierfilippo, Pape, Thomas (2009): Phylogeny and re-definition of the genus Melanophora (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), with description of a new species from Sardinia *. Zootaxa 2318: 552-565
03E587E7BB7CFFF9FF50EC55FCC3FCD7.text	03E587E7BB7CFFF9FF50EC55FCC3FCD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanophora roralis (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Melanophora roralis (Linnaeus, 1758)</p> <p>(Fig. 12)</p> <p>Musca roralis Linnaeus, 1758: 597. Type locality: “Europa”.</p> <p>Material examined. Numerous males and females in MZUR and ZMUC.</p> <p>References. Herting 1961: 32; Crosskey 1977: 51; Kugler 1978: 70, 79; Crosskey 1980: 819; Herting 1993: 116.</p> <p>Description. See Crosskey (1977).</p> <p>Distribution. Europe (including Sicily and Sardinia), North Africa, Israel, Cape Verde Islands (introduced to eastern North America and South America).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E587E7BB7CFFF9FF50EC55FCC3FCD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cerretti, Pierfilippo;Pape, Thomas	Cerretti, Pierfilippo, Pape, Thomas (2009): Phylogeny and re-definition of the genus Melanophora (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), with description of a new species from Sardinia *. Zootaxa 2318: 552-565
03E587E7BB7CFFF7FF50EE9FFE3CFDD7.text	03E587E7BB7CFFF7FF50EE9FFE3CFDD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanophora asetosa Kugler 1978	<div><p>Melanophora asetosa Kugler, 1978</p> <p>(Figs 13–17)</p> <p>Melanophora asetosa Kugler, 1978: 70, 78. Type locality: Yeruhan (Negev), Israel.</p> <p>Material examined. 1 ♂, Israel: ' Enot Qane, 31.i.1995, A. Freidberg leg. (TAU). 1 ♂, Israel, Zomet Mash'abbim, 11.vii.2008, I. Renan leg. (TAU). 1 ♂, Yeroham, 20.iv.1992, A. Freidberg leg. (TAU). 1 ♀, Israel, Ein-Mot, 21.ix.1983, leg. Nussbaum (TAU).</p> <p>References. Kugler 1978: 78; Pape 1986: 24.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Male:</p> <p>Body length. 3.7–5.0 mm.</p> <p>Colour. Head predominantly brownish-black, covered with brownish microtomentum; frontal vitta reddish-brown; palpus and prementum black; pedicel basally brown shading into yellowish distally; postpedicel dark brown. Thorax blackish-brown. Abdomen shiny brown, without microtomentum (Fig. 16). Legs brownish-black. Halter with black knob and brownish-orange stem. Upper and lower calypteres brownish infuscated. Wing membrane evenly brownish (Fig. 14).</p> <p>Head (Fig. 13). Compound eye bare. Arista thickened only at base, covered with microtrichia at most as long as its maximum diameter. First aristomere shorter than wide; second aristomere about 1.5 times as long as wide. Postpedicel at most as long as pedicel. Frons at its narrowest point 1.6 times as wide as eye in dorsal view. Ocellar setae shorter than upper reclinate orbital seta, proclinate and divergent. Medial vertical seta strong, convergent and reclinate. Lateral vertical seta well developed. One reclinate upper orbital seta. Five or 6 proclinate orbital setae. Eight or 9 frontal setae descending anteroventrally to level of proximal edge of pedicel; three dorsalmost pairs of frontal setae reclinate. Parafacial with some proclinate, fine setulae on dorsal half. Parafacial, at its narrowest point, about as wide as postpedicel or slightly more (lateral view). Face and lower facial margin not visible in lateral view. Vibrissa well developed. Vibrissal angle receding. Facial ridge strongly concave, with a few robust, decumbent setulae on ventral half. Genal dilation well developed, covered with stout setulae. Gena in profile about 0.4 times as high as eye. Postocular setae short. Occiput slightly convex, covered with black setulae. Oral cavity narrow and mouthparts reduced (vestigial) (Fig. 13). Palpus very short, stout and bare (Fig. 13).</p> <p>Thorax (Fig. 15). Prosternum and proepisternal depression bare. Anteroventral proepisternal seta well developed and oriented anteroventrally. Ventral proepimeral seta oriented anteriorly. Postpronotum with 2 strong setae. Scutum with 0–3 + 0–5 acrostichal setae, 1–3 + 3 dorsocentral, 0 + 2 intra-alar and 1 + 1 supraalar setae (first postsutural supra-alar seta absent); 1 posthumeral, 2 well developed notopleural setae. Anatergite with a few thin, erected setulae just below lower calypter (Fig. 15). Two dorsal katepisternal setae sub-equal in length and thickness. One short anepimeral seta. Katepimeron bare. Scutellum with 1 pair of subparallel marginal setae (subapical). One pair of short discal scutellar setae.</p> <p>Wing (Fig. 14). Costal spine not differentiated from costal spinulae. Costal segment Cs 6 distinctly shorter than Cs 4. Base of R 4+5 with 1 setula dorsally. Postangular portion of M lacking (M vein ends on the membrane about where the bend of M should be). Vein dm-Cu lacking.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 16). Mid-dorsal depression on syntergite 1+2 confined to anterior fourth of that segment. Syntergite 1+2 and tergite 3 without median marginal setae but with 1 or 2 pairs of lateral marginals. Tergite 4 and 5 each with a row of marginal setae.</p> <p>Male terminalia (Fig. 17). Cercal bases, in posterior view, enlarged and not fused medially.</p> <p>Female. See Kugler (1978).</p> <p>Distribution. Israel.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E587E7BB7CFFF7FF50EE9FFE3CFDD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cerretti, Pierfilippo;Pape, Thomas	Cerretti, Pierfilippo, Pape, Thomas (2009): Phylogeny and re-definition of the genus Melanophora (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), with description of a new species from Sardinia *. Zootaxa 2318: 552-565
03E587E7BB72FFF7FF50EF8FFBCEFC10.text	03E587E7BB72FFF7FF50EF8FFBCEFC10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanophora argyriventris (Curran 1929) Cerretti & Pape 2009	<div><p>Melanophora argyriventris (Curran, 1929) comb. nov.</p> <p>Bequaertiana argyriventris Curran, 1929: 15. Type locality: Du River, Liberia.</p> <p>Material examined. [None.]</p> <p>References. Crosskey 1977: 55 (as Bequaertiana) (and references therein); Pape 1986: 24 (as Bequaertiana).</p> <p>Description. See Crosskey (1977).</p> <p>Distribution. Liberia (cf. Crosskey 1977; Crosskey 1980, as Bequaertiana).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E587E7BB72FFF7FF50EF8FFBCEFC10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cerretti, Pierfilippo;Pape, Thomas	Cerretti, Pierfilippo, Pape, Thomas (2009): Phylogeny and re-definition of the genus Melanophora (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), with description of a new species from Sardinia *. Zootaxa 2318: 552-565
03E587E7BB72FFF7FF50E909FB92FA5D.text	03E587E7BB72FFF7FF50E909FB92FA5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanophora basilewskyi (Peris 1957) Cerretti & Pape 2009	<div><p>Melanophora basilewskyi (Peris, 1957) comb. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 18–22)</p> <p>Bequaertiana basilewskyi Peris, 1957: 136. Type locality: Ruhengeri, Rwanda.</p> <p>Material examined. 3 ♂, Kenya, Mt. Elgon Lodge, 1–6.XI.1983, Malaise trap, A. Freidberg [TAU] (first Kenyan record).</p> <p>References. Crosskey 1977: 56 (as Bequaertiana) (and references therein); Crosskey 1980: 819 (as Bequaertiana); Pape 1986: 24 (as Bequaertiana).</p> <p>Description. See Crosskey (1977).</p> <p>Distribution. Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Kenya.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E587E7BB72FFF7FF50E909FB92FA5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cerretti, Pierfilippo;Pape, Thomas	Cerretti, Pierfilippo, Pape, Thomas (2009): Phylogeny and re-definition of the genus Melanophora (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), with description of a new species from Sardinia *. Zootaxa 2318: 552-565
