identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E5D221E410FFC1FF4BF8D2FC13FADF.text	03E5D221E410FFC1FF4BF8D2FC13FADF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Talitrus Latreille 1802	<div><p>Talitrus Latreille, 1802</p><p>Talitrus Latreille, 1802: 148 . — Stebbing, 1888: 1682.—G. O. Sars, 1890: 22.— Stebbing, 1891: 324.— Della Valle, 1893: 492.— Stebbing, 1906: 524.— Chevreux &amp; Fage, 1925: 270.— Hurley, 1955: 145 (in part).— Bulycheva, 1957: 127 (in part).—J.L. Barnard, 1969: 472 (in part).— Lincoln, 1979: 226.— Bousfield, 1982: 45.</p><p>Thalitrus (sic).— Guérin-Méneville, 1836: 3.</p><p>Talitrus (Talitrorchestia) Brandt, 1851: 135 (type species Talitrus cloquetii).</p><p>Talitrus (Talitrus) .— Hurley, 1975: 161 (in part).</p><p>Type species. Cancer (Gammarus) saltator Montagu, 1808, selected by Latreille, 1810.</p><p>Included species. Talitrus includes 3 species: T. cloquetii Audouin, 1826; T. platycheles Guérin, 1832; T. saltator (Montagu, 1808) .</p><p>Habitat. Supralittoral, intertidal substrate-modifying talitrids of sandy beaches.</p><p>Ecotype. Sand-hopper.</p><p>Diagnostic description (male). Head. Eye medium (1/5–1/3 head length), or large (greater than 1/3 head length). Antenna 1 short, not reaching midpoint of peduncular article 5 of antenna 2. Antenna 2 peduncular articles incrassate (expanded); article 3 without plate or process ventrally. Labrum epistome without robust setae; median groove without robust setae. Mandible left lacinia mobilis 5-, 3- or 2-cuspidate. Maxilliped palp broad or slender, article 2 with or without distomedial lobe; article 4 fused with article 3.</p><p>Pereon. Pereonites without transverse ridges. Gnathopod 1 not sexually dimorphic; simple; posterior margin of merus, carpus and propodus each without lobe covered in palmate setae; propodus tapering distally. Gnathopod 2 mitten-shaped; posterior margin of propodus with lobe covered in palmate setae; propodus palm obtuse; dactylus short, distally acute, shorter than posterior margin of propodus. Pereopods 3–7 bicuspidactylate. Pereopod 4 dactylus thickened proximally with notch midway along posterior margin. Pereopod 5 short, less than 2/3 length of pereopod 6; dactylus long, slender, not inflated. Pereopod 6 not sexually dimorphic; subequal in length or longer than pereopod 7. Pereopods 6–7 without row of short setae along posterior margin of dactyli. Pereopod 7 not sexually dimorphic propodus broad, length 4.8–5.8 × width.</p><p>Pleon. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal spines. Oostegites setae with simple smooth tips. Pleopods 1–3 all welldeveloped. Uropod 1 male exopod not sexually dimorphic, peduncle distolateral robust seta absent; endopod with marginal robust setae in 1 or 2 rows; exopod with marginal robust setae in 1 or 2 rows. Uropod 2 exopod with marginal robust setae in 1 or 2 rows; endopod with marginal robust setae in 1 or 2 rows. Uropod 3 ramus subequal in length to peduncle. Telson broader than long, tapering distally or rounded distally, apically incised or entire, without groove, with marginal and apical robust setae, with 8–10 robust setae per lobe.</p><p>Remarks. Talitrus is the only member of the Talitridae with the combination of no sexual dimorphism in gnathopod 2 coupled with an incrassate antenna 2. It is also the only talitrid with the combination of an incrassate second antenna combined with no palmate lobes on gnathopod 1. Talitrus is the only European/Mediterranean talitrid genus with a non-enlarged male gnathopod 2 (apart from the cavernicolous Palmorchestia Stock &amp; Martin, 1988).</p><p>Distribution. Eastern North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5D221E410FFC1FF4BF8D2FC13FADF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lowry, J. K.;Myers, A. A.	Lowry, J. K., Myers, A. A. (2019): Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808), a species complex (Amphipoda, Senticaudata Talitroidea, Talitridae). Zootaxa 4664 (4): 451-480, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.1
03E5D221E413FFC6FF4BFAE3FBC2F809.text	03E5D221E413FFC6FF4BFAE3FBC2F809.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Talitrus cloquetii (Audouin 1826)	<div><p>Talitrus cloquetii (Audouin, 1826)</p><p>(Figs 2A, 4–6)</p><p>Orchestia cloquetii Audouin, 1826: 93, pl. 11, fig. 9.— Spence Bate, 1862: 22, pl. 4, fig. 1 (very inaccurate copy fide Stebbing 1906).—? Della Valle, 1893: 509.</p><p>Talitrus cloquetii .—H. Milne Edwards, 1830: 13 (key), 364.— Brandt, 1851: 135, 137, 138.— Stebbing, 1906: 526.</p><p>Thalitrus cloquetii .— Guérin-Méneville, 1836: 3.</p><p>Type material. Male neotype, 13 mm, NHMUK 2018.1538, beach in front of Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Gournes, Crete (35°20.039’N 25°16.900’E), J.K. Lowry, L. Fanini and R. Lowry, 5 June 2017. One female, same data as holotype.</p><p>Other material examined. 1 male, 1 female, Cesaraea, Israel, E. Gottlieb, MCV .</p><p>Type locality. Beach in front of Hellenic Center for <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.281666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.333984" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.281666/lat 35.333984)">Marine Research</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.281666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.333984" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.281666/lat 35.333984)">Gournes</a>, Crete (35°20.039’N 25°16.900’E) .</p><p>Diagnosis (male). Antenna 1 peduncular articles 2 and 3 short, each about 2 × as long as broad. Antenna 2 slightly incrassate. Gnathopod 1 merus posterior margin unexpanded; carpus:propodus length ratio = 1:0.7; dactylus long, more than one third length of propodus. Pereopod 6 basis expanded, posterior margin sub-straight. Pereopod 7 basis expanded, posterior margin flattened; propodus 7 × as long as broad; dactylus elongate and slender. Uropods short. Uropod 1 rami shorter than peduncle (1:0.7); endopod slightly longer than exopod; Uro- pod 2 rami subequal with each other and subequal with peduncle. Uropod 3 peduncle almost as broad as long; ramus short, broad, not markedly tapering distally, with 4-5 marginal setae.</p><p>Description of neotype. Male, 13 mm.</p><p>Head. Eyes round, medium size. Antenna 1 short, reaching end of antenna 2 article 4; peduncular articles 2 and 3 about one and a half times as long as broad; flagellum with 5 articles. Antenna 2 semi-incrassate, article 5 about 5 × as long as broad; flagellum longer than peduncular article 5, with 22 articles. Maxilla 1 inner plate slender with 2 terminal setae. Maxilla 2 without oblique setal row. Maxilliped palp article 4 fused with article 3.</p><p>Pereon. Gnathopod 1 coxa subtriangular; basis stout, anterior margin straight; merus unexpanded; carpus stout, parallel-sided; propodus a little over half length of carpus; dactylus long, more than one third length of propodus; all articles without palmate setae. Gnathopod 2 mitten-shaped; basis sub-ovoid; carpus longer than propodus; posterior margin of propodus with lobe covered in palmate setae; propodus palm obtuse; dactylus short, distally acute, shorter than posterior margin of propodus. Pereopods 3–7 bicuspidactylate. Pereopod 4 dactylus thickened proximally with notch midway along posterior margin. Pereopod 5 short, less than 2/3 length of pereopod 6; basis with large posterior lobe. Pereopod 6 subequal in length with pereopod 7; basis with margin of posterior lobe flattened Pereopod 7 basis with margin of posterior lobe flattened; propodus 7 × as long as broad.</p><p>Pleon. Epimeron 3 posterior margin weakly scalloped. Uropod 1 rami shorter than peduncle (1:0.7); endopod slightly longer than exopod; Uropod 2 rami subequal with each other and subequal with peduncle. Uropod 3 peduncle almost as broad as long; ramus short, broad, not markedly tapering distally, with 4-5 marginal setae. Telson with 9–10 setae per lobe.</p><p>Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Not significantly different from male.</p><p>Remarks. We have searched unsuccessfully for the types of Orchestia cloquetii in the most reasonable repository, the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. All of Audouin’s invertebrate material from Savigny’s collections from Egypt is apparently lost (Paula Martin-Lefèvre pers. com.). Given the ambiguity in the identity of T. cloquetii as a result of the present study, we establish a neotype from Crete (NHMUK 2018.1538) for this species in order to stabilize the identity of the species. We have also examined specimens from Israel that fit Talitrus cloquetii as understood here and we regard the species as having a wide distribution in the south-eastern Mediterranean. The neotype locality is not very near to the original type locality (Egypt), but it is in the same geographic area and occurs sympatrically with Deshayesorchestia deshayesii (Audouin, 1826) described from the same original locality.</p><p>Talitrus cloquetii has elongate pereopods 6–7 (short in T. saltator) and short uropods (long in T. platycheles). Pereopod 7 basis posterior margin is flattened (convex in both T. saltator and T. platycheles).</p><p>Distribution. The known distribution of T. cloquetii in the Mediterranean is incomplete (fig. 1). De Matthaeis et al. 1998 recorded a genetically distinct population of Talitrus from Kos and Tilos in the southern Aegean Sea that we interpret as almost certainly being T. cloquetii . It is known from Crete and Karpathos in the Sea of Crete. There are no reports of Talitrus along the southern Turkish coast or from the coasts of Syria or Lebanon. It is then known from Israel (this paper) and the Nile Delta, Egypt (Audouin 1829).</p><p>Southern Aegean Sea (Crete, Karpathos) and Levantine Sea (Israel, Egypt).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5D221E413FFC6FF4BFAE3FBC2F809	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lowry, J. K.;Myers, A. A.	Lowry, J. K., Myers, A. A. (2019): Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808), a species complex (Amphipoda, Senticaudata Talitroidea, Talitridae). Zootaxa 4664 (4): 451-480, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.1
03E5D221E417FFC9FF4BF933FF39FCA6.text	03E5D221E417FFC9FF4BF933FF39FCA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Talitrus platycheles Guerin, Cagliari 1832	<div><p>Talitrus platycheles Guérin, 1832</p><p>(Figs 2B, 3, 7, 8)</p><p>Talitrus platycheles Guérin, 1832: 44, 45.— Brandt, 1851: 137.— Chevreux, 1893: 124. — Gulia, 1873: 314.—Moore &amp; Schem- bri, 1986: 71.— Spamer &amp; Bogan, 1994: 42: 42. Talitrus saltator Della Valle, 1893: 492, 947, fig. 57. Talitrus locusta forma mediterranea Chevreux, 1893: 124. Talitrus saltator . — Chevreux, 1911: 230.— Bellan-Santini, 1993: 760, fig. 520 (key).— Moore &amp; Schembri, 1986: 68, 71.—?</p><p>Sezgin &amp; Kataðan, 2007: 5, table 1. Talitrus saltator var mediterranea Chevreux &amp; Fage, 1925: 272 . Talitrus saltator var. briani Ruffo, 1936: 28 . Type material examined. Male holotype, Methoni (Modon), Peloponnese, Greece, ANSP CA 2814.</p><p>Other material examined. 1 male, 1 female, Lido Alberoni, Venice, 3 September 1936, F. Zorzi; 1 male, 1 female, Cavallino, Venice, 28 May 1934, E. Gridelli; 1 male, 1 female, Cagliari, Sardinia, May 1936, S. Ruffo; 1 male, 1 female, St. Tropez, 1956, Dartorello ; 3 females, Tunisia, F. Charfi. Many specimens, Béjaïa (formerly Bougie), Algeria, sur la plage, Ed. Chevreux, stn 527, August 1892. Many specimens, Annaba (formerly Bône), Algeria, Ed .</p><p>Chevreux. Many specimens, Cherchell, Algeria, Ed. Chevreux, 1885. About 10 specimens, Stn 549, Golfe de Gabès (34°00′N 10°25′E), Plages de Mustapha et d’Hussein Dey, près Algeria, Ed. Chevreux, September, 1892.</p><p>Type locality. Methoni (Modon), Peloponnese, Greece .</p><p>Diagnosis (male). Antenna 1 peduncular articles 2 and 3 long and slender, 5 × as long as broad. Antenna 2 slightly incrassate, Gnathopod 1 merus posterior margin expanded; carpus:propodus length = 1:0.7; dactylus long, half length of propodus. Pereopod 6 basis expanded, posterior margin weakly convex. Pereopod 7 basis expanded, posterior margin convex, propodus 8 × as long as broad; dactylus extremely elongate and slender. Uropods elongate. Uropod 1 rami subequal with each other and a little shorter than peduncle. Uropod 2 endopod distinctly longer than exopod; endopod:peduncle ratio = 1:1.3. Uropod 3 peduncle longer than broad; ramus elongate, distally tapering, with about 8 marginal setae.</p><p>Description. Male (Cagliari) 15 mm.</p><p>Head. Eyes round, medium size. Antenna 1 short, reaching end of antenna 2 article 4; peduncular articles 2 and 3 long, slender, 1.5 × as long as broad; flagellum with 5 articles. Antenna 2 slightly incrassate, peduncular article 5 over 2 × length of article 4; flagellum longer than peduncular article 5 with 28 articles. Maxilla 1 inner plate slender with 2 terminal setae. Maxilla 2 without oblique setal row. Maxilliped palp article 4 fused with article 3.</p><p>Pereon. Gnathopod 1 coxa subtriangular; basis stout, anterior margin straight; merus posterior margin expand- ed; carpus stout, parallel-sided; carpus:propodus length = 1:0.7; dactylus long, half length of propodus. Gnathopod 2 mitten-shaped; basis sub-ovoid; carpus longer than propodus; posterior margin of propodus with lobe covered in palmate setae; propodus palm obtuse; dactylus short, distally acute, shorter than posterior margin of propodus. Pereopods 3–7 bicuspidactylate. Pereopod 4 dactylus thickened proximally with notch midway along posterior margin. Pereopod 5 short, less than 2/3 length of pereopod 6; basis with large posterior lobe. Pereopod 6 subequal in length with pereopod 7; basis expanded, with margin of posterior lobe weakly convex. Pereopod 7 basis expanded, with margin of posterior lobe convex; propodus 8 × as long as broad; dactylus extremely elongate and slender.</p><p>Pleon. Epimeron 3 posterior margin weakly scalloped. Uropods elongate. Uropod 1 rami subequal with each other and a little shorter than peduncle. Uropod 2 endopod distinctly longer than exopod; endopod:peduncle ratio = 1:1.3. Uropod 3 peduncle longer than broad; ramus elongate, distally tapering, with about 8 marginal setae. Telson with 10–11 setae per lobe.</p><p>Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Not significantly different from male.</p><p>Remarks. Talitrus platycheles differs from the other species of Talitrus by having uropod 2 exopod markedly shorter than the endopod and uropod 3 elongate with the ramus strongly tapering distally. It is also characterized by having the male gnathopod 1 merus swollen.</p><p>Distribution. The known distribution of T. platycheles in the Mediterranean is patchy (fig. 1). There are no records of Talitrus along the southern coast of Spain or the south-western Mediterranean coast of France. Talitrus platycheles is known from Venice, Adriatic Sea (this paper). Sezgin &amp; Kataðan (2007) reported T. saltator from the Black Sea. Based on records of T. platycheles from the Aegean Sea we consider the record of Sezgin &amp; Kataðan (2007) to most likely represent T. platycheles . Talitrus platycheles is known from the Canary Islands (Chevreux 1893) and along the coast of Morocco (Charfi &amp; El Gitari 2008), Algeria (Chevreux 1893) and Tunisia from Tabarka in the west to the Gulf of Hammamet in the east (this paper based on samples from Dr El Gtari and Dr Faouzia Charfi). There are no records from Tunisia east of the Gulf of Hammamet.</p><p>Western Mediterranean (France, Sardinia, Corsica), Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Sea (Liguria, Tuscany); Adriatic sea (Venice, unconfirmed records fromMontenegro, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna, Apulia); western Peloponnese (Methoni); northern Aegean Sea (Anaifi, Astipálea, Kos, Tilos);? Black Sea; North Africa (Algeria, Tunisia); Canary Islands.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5D221E417FFC9FF4BF933FF39FCA6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lowry, J. K.;Myers, A. A.	Lowry, J. K., Myers, A. A. (2019): Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808), a species complex (Amphipoda, Senticaudata Talitroidea, Talitridae). Zootaxa 4664 (4): 451-480, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.1
03E5D221E41BFFCEFF4BFC2BFD30FD52.text	03E5D221E41BFFCEFF4BFC2BFD30FD52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Talitrus saltator (Montagu 1808) Lowry & Myers 2019	<div><p>Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808)</p><p>(Figs 2C, 9–10)</p><p>Oniscus locusta Pallas, 1766: 191, pl. 14, fig.15 [homonym of Cancer locusta Linnaeus, 1758 = Gammarus locusta (Linnaeus, 1758)].? Cancer locusta .— Pennant, 1777: 21. Cancer (Gammarellus) locusta Herbst, 1793: 127 pl. 36, fig. 1. Gammarus locusta, Talitrus (part) Latreille, 1802: 39. Cancer (Gammarus) saltator Montagu, 1808: 94 pl. 4, fig. 3. Talitrus littoralis Leach, 1814: 402 . Talitrus saltator.—Milne-Edwards, 1830, 364.— Lucas, 1840: 226.— Brandt, 1851: 137.— Della Valle, 1893: 492, 947, fig. 57.— Stebbing, 1906, 525.— Stephensen, 1929, 14, fig. 10.— Schellenberg, 1942, 138, figs 114, 115.— Bulycheva, 1957, 129, fig. 48.— Lincoln, 1979, 226, figs 96, 104.— Chevreux &amp; Fage, 1925 (in part), 271, fig. 282 (in part).— Bousfield, 1982. 45.— Zettler &amp; Zettler, 2017: 349, figs 245–247. Talitrus locusta .— Spence Bate, 1862: 5.— Spence Bate &amp; Westwood, 1863: 16.—G.O. Sars, 1890, 23, fig. 9.</p><p>Type material. Neotype, male, 17 mm, NHMUK 2018.1539, beach on small spit near top of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.319866&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.770985" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.319866/lat 51.770985)">Ringabella Bay</a>, Ireland (51°46.259’N 8°19.192’E), J.K. Lowry, L. Fanini and R. Lowry, 6 June 2017).</p><p>Other material examined (all NHMUK). 5 males 7 females, Ringabella Bay, J.K. Lowry, L. Fanini and R. Lowry, 6 June 2017; 3 unsexed, Kent, England, 1969, D.J. Wildish; 12 unsexed, Sandwich Bay, Kent, England, 1988; 3 unsexed, Channel Tunnel Reclamation site, Dover, England, 2000; 12 unsexed, Plymouth, Devon, England, 1908; 4 unsexed, Porthcothan and Harlyn Bay, Cornwall, England, 1915; 1 male, South Devon, T.R.R. Stebbing; 1 male, Swanage, Dorset, England, 1911, A.M. Norman; 1 male, 1 female, Colwyn Bay, Wales, 1925, A. Walker; 7 unsexed, Dale Flats, Pembrokeshire, Wales, 1967; 4 unsexed, Whiteford Burrows, Glamorgan, Wales, 1967, M. Thurston; 8 juveniles, Aberdaron Bay, Glamorganshire, Wales, 1967, M. Thurston; 34 unsexed, West Angle, Pembrokeshire, Wales, 1980, J. Ellis; 7 unsexed, Niarbyl, Isle of Man, 1939; 22 unsexed, Poolewe, Rosshire, Scotland, 1955; 4 unsexed, Cap Ferret, France, 1969, D.J. Wildish; 2 unsexed, Monarch Isles, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, 1970, R.J. Lincoln; 76 unsexed, Garloch golf course, Ross and Cromarty, Scotland, 1971, R.J. Lincoln; 25 unsexed, Gainearnh Smo., Ross and Cromarty, Scotland, 1971, R.J. Lincoln; 12 unsexed, Shetland Islands, Scotland, 1974, R.J. Lincoln; 40 unsexed, St Andrews, Scotland, 1911, A.M. Norman; 10 unsexed, Woolacombe Sands, North Devon, England, 1911, A.M. Norman; 2 unsexed, St. Cyrus, Kincardine, Scotland, 1949, C.H. Otto; 2 unsexed, Tangier, Morocco, 1928, T.R.R. Stebbing.</p><p>Type locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.319866&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.770985" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.319866/lat 51.770985)">Beach</a> on small spit near the top of Ringabella Bay, Ireland (51°46.259’N 8°19.192’E) .</p><p>Diagnosis (male). Antenna 1 peduncular articles 2 and 3 short, 1.2 × as long as broad. Antenna 2 slightly incrassate, quite variable in length in similar sized individuals between populations. Gnathopod 1 merus posterior margin unexpanded; carpus: propodus length = 1:0.5; dactylus short, one third length of propodus. Pereopod 6 basis expanded, posterior margin weakly convex Pereopod 7 basis expanded, posterior margin convex, propodus 5 × as long as broad; dactylus short and stout. Uropods short. Uropod 1 rami shorter than peduncle (1:0.7), endopod slightly longer than exopod. Uropod 2 exopod 0.8 × length of endopod. endopod:peduncle ratio = 1:1.3. Uropod 3 peduncle about as broad as long; ramus short, broad, not markedly tapering distally, with 4 or 5 marginal setae.</p><p>Description of neotype. Male 17 mm.</p><p>Head. Eyes round, medium size. Antenna 1 short, reaching end of antenna 2 article 4; peduncular articles 2 and 3 about 2 × as long as broad; flagellum with 5 articles. Antenna 2 slightly incrassate, peduncular articles of variable length; flagellum with 22 articles. Maxilla 1 inner plate slender with 2 terminal setae. Maxilla 2 without oblique setal row. Maxilliped palp article 4 fused with article 3.</p><p>Pereon. Gnathopod 1 coxa subtriangular; basis stout, anterior margin straight; merus posterior margin unexpanded; carpus stout, parallel-sided; propodus a little over half length of carpus; dactylus short, one third length of propodus. Gnathopod 2 mitten-shaped; basis sub-ovoid; carpus longer than propodus; posterior margin of propodus with lobe covered in palmate setae; propodus palm obtuse; dactylus short, distally acute, shorter than posterior margin of propodus. Pereopods 3–7 bicuspidactylate. Pereopod 4 dactylus thickened proximally with notch midway along posterior margin. Pereopod 5 short, less than 2/3 length of pereopod 6; basis with large posterior lobe. Pereopod 6 subequal in length with pereopod 7; basis with margin of posterior lobe weakly convex. Pereopod 7 basis expanded, with margin of posterior lobe convex; propodus 5 × as long as broad.</p><p>Pleon. Epimeron 3 posterior margin weakly scalloped. Uropod 1 rami shorter than peduncle (1:0.7); endopod slightly longer than exopod; Uropod 2 exopod 0.8 × length of endopod. endopod:peduncle ratio = 1:1.3.. Uropod 3 peduncle about as broad as long; ramus short, broad, not markedly tapering distally, with 4-5 marginal setae. Telson with 9–10 setae per lobe.</p><p>Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Not significantly different from male.</p><p>Remarks. Type material of T. saltato r (Montagu, 1808) cannot be traced in the collections of the British Museum and is considered lost (Lauren Hughes pers. com.). Given the historical ambiguity in the identity of T. saltator, we therefore establish a neotype for this species in order to stabilize the species.</p><p>Talitrus saltator differs from both T. cloquetii and T. platycheles in its more robust build, in particular its shorter and stouter pereopods 6–7. It differs from T. cloquetii in the shape of the posterior margin of the basis of pereopod 7 that is evenly convex in T. saltator but flattened in T. cloquetii . It differs from T. platycheles in having a short uropod 3 with the ramus not markedly tapering and an unswollen merus on the male gnathopod 1.</p><p>Distribution. This species is widely distributed along European coasts, from Norway and the Baltic Sea in the North, around British and Irish coasts, the coast of France and northern Spain and the Azores in the south. There are no records of Talitrus along the south coast of Spain.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5D221E41BFFCEFF4BFC2BFD30FD52	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lowry, J. K.;Myers, A. A.	Lowry, J. K., Myers, A. A. (2019): Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808), a species complex (Amphipoda, Senticaudata Talitroidea, Talitridae). Zootaxa 4664 (4): 451-480, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.1
03E5D221E41CFFCEFF4BFD67FD2AFA66.text	03E5D221E41CFFCEFF4BFD67FD2AFA66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Talitrus Latreille 1802	<div><p>Talitrus ? saltator (Montagu, 1808)</p><p>(Figs 11, 12)</p><p>Material examined. Three males, 5 females (MNHN-IU- 2019-2268), traps just above high tide mark on black sand (high energy with surf zone) beach, Praia do Populo, San Miguel, the Azores, Portugal (37°45’02.47”N 25°37’23.91”W), Lucia Fanini, 15–16 August 2018; 2 unsexed, Azores, 1955, G. Chapman.</p><p>Discussion. Azores specimens are white with brown suffusions and jet black saddles. This colouration may confer a degree of camouflage against the black volcanic sand of the island. The material agrees well with the neotype of T. saltator from Ireland, but differs in proportions. The appendages of Azores specimens are more slender; gnathopod 1 of both sexes is more elongate and slender, the propodus almost 3 × as long as broad, whereas in the neotype, it is only a little more than 2 × as long as broad. Pereopod 7 propodus is also more long and slender than that of the neotype. Uropod 3 peduncle and ramus are a little longer and the terminal robust seta is only about three quarters the length of the ramus in Azores males, whereas ramus and setae are subequal in length in the neotype. Antenna 2 peduncular articles 4 and 5 are much longer in Azores material and the anterior margin of article 4 is naked but with several setae in the neotype. In the Azores material the anterior margins of antenna 1 peduncular articles 2 and 3 are also naked but with a medial seta in the neotype.</p><p>The Azores population has been isolated from other Atlantic populations for millions of years and may represent a distinct species. However, as we have not assessed the variation amongst other Atlantic populations, we hesitate to raise the Azores population to specific rank.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5D221E41CFFCEFF4BFD67FD2AFA66	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lowry, J. K.;Myers, A. A.	Lowry, J. K., Myers, A. A. (2019): Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808), a species complex (Amphipoda, Senticaudata Talitroidea, Talitridae). Zootaxa 4664 (4): 451-480, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.1
03E5D221E41EFFCCFF4BF9FEFD96F8C4.text	03E5D221E41EFFCCFF4BF9FEFD96F8C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Talitrus cloquetii (Audouin 1826)	<div><p>Talitrus cloquetii (Audouin, 1826)</p><p>De Matthaeis et al., 1995: 77, figs 1, 2, tables 1–7 (genetics).—De Matthaeis, et al., 1998: 37, fig. 1, tables 1–4 (genetics).— De Matthaeis et al., 1999: 95, figs 1, 2, tables 1–4 (genetics).—De Matthaeis et al., 2000: 1606, figs 1, 2, tables 1–4 (isolation genetics).—De Matthaeis et al., 2000: 474, figs 1, 2, tables 1–3 (genetic divergence).— El Gtari et al., 2000: 643 (ecology).— Marques et al., 2003: 128 (ecology).— Libertini et al., 2008: 54, table 1 (genetics).— Pavesi &amp; Ketmaier, 2013: 892, tables 1–3, fig 1, 2 (genetics review).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5D221E41EFFCCFF4BF9FEFD96F8C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lowry, J. K.;Myers, A. A.	Lowry, J. K., Myers, A. A. (2019): Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808), a species complex (Amphipoda, Senticaudata Talitroidea, Talitridae). Zootaxa 4664 (4): 451-480, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.1
03E5D221E41EFFD3FF4BF815FCA6F968.text	03E5D221E41EFFD3FF4BF815FCA6F968.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Talitrus platycheles Guerin-Meneville 1832	<div><p>Talitrus platycheles Guérin-Méneville, 1832</p><p>Stebbing, 1906 a: 525 (in part).— Chevreux, 1911: 230.— Chevreux &amp; Fage, 1925: 271, fig. 282 (in part).— Pardi &amp; Papi, 1952: 262 (ethology).— Pardi &amp; Papi, 1953: 459 (ethology).— Papi &amp; Pardi, 1953: 490 (ethology).— Pardi, 1954: 127 (ethology).— Chapman &amp; Santler, 1955: 372 (checklist, in part).— Papi, 1955: 201 (ecology).— Pardi &amp; Grassi, 1955: 202 (ecology).—J.L. Barnard, 1958: 136 (in part).— Papi &amp; Pardi, 1959: 583 (ethology).— Papi &amp; Pardi, 1963: 97 (ethology).— Debenedetti, 1963: 25 (ethology).— Geppetti &amp; Tongiorgi, 1967: 37 (ethology).— Ercolini &amp; Scapini, 1972: 75 (ethology).— Ercolini &amp; Scapini, 1974: 85 (ethology).— Ercolini &amp; Scapini, 1976: 293 (ethology).— Scapini, 1978: 71 (ethology).— Pardi &amp; Scapini, 1979: 210 (ethology).—Scapini, 1979: 71 (ethology).— Scapini &amp; Pardi, 1979: 593 (ethology).—Scapini &amp; Ugolini, 1981: 324 (ethology).—Scapini et al., 1981: 77 (ethology).— Alicata et al., 1982: 159 (parasitology).— Ercolini et al., 1983: 313 (ethology).— Pardi &amp; Scapini, 1983: 435 (ethology).—Caltabiano, et al., 1984: 25 (predation).— Fiocco et al., 1984: 25 (ethology).— Scapini &amp; Buiatti, 1985: 433 (ethology).—Scapini et al., 1985: 729 (ethology).— Ugolini et al., 1986: 449 (ecology).—Scapini et al., 1988: 739 (ethology).—Scapini et al., 1988: 93 (ethology).— Ugolini &amp; Macchi, 1988: 79 (ethology).—Ugolini &amp; Scapini, 1988: 453 (ecology).—Ugolini et al., 1988: 105 (ethology).— Scapini et al., 1989: 241 (ethology).— Ugolini, 1989: 233 (ethology).— Scapini &amp; Fasinella, 1990: 141 (ecology).—Ugolini et al., 1991: 113 (ethology).—Scapini et al., 1992: 573 (ecology).— Scapini &amp; Quochi, 1992: 437 (ethology).—Scapini et al., 1993: 545 (ethology).— Scapini &amp; Ciuti, 1993: 87 (behaviour).— De Matthaeis, Cobolli et al., 1994: 15, fig. 1.2.1, 1.2.2 table 1.2.2 –1.2.5 (genetic divergence).— Mezzetti et al., 1994: 279 (ecology).— Mezzetti &amp; Scapini, 1995: 35 (ethology).— De Matthaeis et al., 1995: 77, fig. 1, tables 1–4 (genetics).— Scapini et al., 1995: 43 (ethology).—Scapini, 1995: 559 (ethology).— Ugolini et al., 1996: 377 (ethology).— Scapini et al., 1996: 553 (ethology).— Mezzetti et al., 1997: 129 (behaviour).—Scapini, 1997: 139 (ethology).— Scapini et al., 1997: 63 (ethology).— Ugolini &amp; Frittelli, 1998: 1155 (ethology).— Ugolini &amp; Macchi, 1988: 79 (ethology).—Ugolini et al., 1998: 43 (ethology).— Borgioli et al., 1999b: 29 (ecology).— Borgioli et al., 1999a: 79 (ecology).— De Matthaeis et al., 1999: 95 (genetics).— Scapini, 1999a: 104, fig. 1 (ethology).— Scapini, 1999b: 144 (ethology).— Scapini et al., 1999c: 660 (morphometrics).— Scapini et al., 1999d: 107 (ethology).— Ugolini et al., 1999a: 9 (ethology).— Ugolini et al., 1999b: 749.— De Matthaeis et al., 2000a: 1606, figs 1, 2, tables 1–4 (isolation genetics).— De Matthaeis et al., 2000b: 474, figs 1, 2, tables 1–3 (genetic divergence).— El Gtari et al., 2000: 643 (ecology).— Charfi-Cheikhrouha et al., 2001: 621 (ecology).—D’elia et al., 2001: 839 (ethology).— Davolos et al., 2002: 33 (genetics).— Scapini et al., 2002: 403 (ethology).— Ugolini et al., 2002: 3225 (ecology).— Calosi et al., 2003: 344 (physiology).— Fallaci et al., 2003: 101 (ecology).— Marchetti &amp; Scapini, 2003: 207 (ethology).— Marques et al., 2003: 128 (ecology).— Nardi et al., 2003: 199.—Ugolini, 2003: 722 (ethology, ecology, review).— Ugolini et al., 2003: 279 (ethology).— Ugolini et al., 2004a: 526 (physiology).— Ugolini et al., 2004b: 855 (ethology).— Colombini et al., 2005: 51 (community structure).— Fanini et al., 2005: 94 (ecology).— Nasri-Ammar &amp; Morgan, 2005: 19 (activity rhythms).—Scapini et al., 2005: 919 (ethology).—Scapini et al., 2005: 835 (ethology).— Ugolini et al., 2005: 2189 (ethology).— Nasri-Ammar &amp; Morgan, 2006: 479 (activity rhythms).— Scapini, 2006: 81, table 1 (review).—Ugolini et al., 2006: 1328 (heavy metals).—Ugolini et al., 2006: 2509 (ethology).— Bouslama et al., 2007: 1104 (biology).— Calosi et al., 2007: 1647 (ecophysiology).— Camur-Elipek &amp; Aslan-Cihangir, 2007: 84.— Fanini et al., 2007: 1169 (ecology).— Galanti et al., 2007: 392 (ethology).— Papi et al., 2007: 953 (ethology).— Pavesi et al., 2007: 1585 (ecology).— Ugolini et al., 2007: 1259 (ecology).— Charfi-Cheikhrouha &amp; El Gtari, 2008: 93 (ecology).— Deidun &amp; Schembri, 2008a: 19 (ecology).— Deidun &amp; Schembri, 2008b: 108 (ecology).— Fanini &amp; Scapini, 2008: 163 (ethology).— Gambineri &amp; Scapini, 2008: 357 (ethology).— Libertini et al., 2008: 54, table 1 (genetics).— Rossano et al., 2008: 511 (ethology).— Ugolini et al., 2008: 349 (ecology).— Bouslama et al., 2009, 141 (ecology).— Zakhama-Sraieb et al., 2009: 5, table 3 (biodiversity).— Ketmaier et al., 2010: 17 (ecology and genetics).— Mezzetti et al., 2010a: 55 (visual ecology).— Mezzetti et al., 2010b: 127 (eye structure).— Ottaviano &amp; Scapini, 2010: 259 (bioindicator).— Scapini &amp; Ottaviano, 2010: 33 (bioindicator).—Ayari et al., 2011: 14 (population dynamics).— Ayari &amp; Nasri-Ammar, 2011: 591 (ecology). Bouslama et al., 2011: 17 (ethology).— Colombini et al., 2011a: 426, tables 2, 3.— Colombini et al., 2011b: 25 (beach management).— Rossano &amp; Scapini, 2011: 81 (ethology).—Jelassi et al., 2012: 383, table 1 (ecology).— Jelassi &amp; Nasri-Ammar, 2012: 434 (temporal variation).— Ugolini et al., 2012: 171 (ethology).— Fanini et al., 2012: 275 (ethology).— Ugolini et al. 2012: 2814 (ethology).— Colombini et al. 2013: 37 (ethology).— Jelassi et al., 2013a: 266 (endogenous activity).— Jelassi et al., 2013b: 2857 (biodiversity).— Pavesi &amp; Ketmaier, 2013: 892, tables 1–3, fig 1, 2 (genetics review).— Ugolini et al., 2013: 19 (microplastics).—Colombini, et al., 2015: 49, figs 2–4 (ecology).— Jelassi et al., 2015a: 875, (endogenous activity).— Jelassi et al., 2015b: 4, 5 table 1 (biodiversity).— Bohli-Abderrazak et al., 2017: 607 (locomotor activity).— Jelassi, Khemaissia et al., 2017: 11, 12 (ecology).— Rossano et al., 2017: 697 (ethology).— Bohli-Abderrazak et al., 2018: 1 (locomotor activity).— Jelassi et al., 2018: 109 (biodiversity).— Scopetani et al., 2018: 412 (plastic ingestion).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5D221E41EFFD3FF4BF815FCA6F968	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lowry, J. K.;Myers, A. A.	Lowry, J. K., Myers, A. A. (2019): Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808), a species complex (Amphipoda, Senticaudata Talitroidea, Talitridae). Zootaxa 4664 (4): 451-480, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.1
03E5D221E401FFD2FF4BF97AFB7CFC8A.text	03E5D221E401FFD2FF4BF97AFB7CFC8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Talitrus saltator (Montagu 1808) Lowry & Myers 2019	<div><p>Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808)</p><p>— Verwey, 1928: 1156 (ethology).— David, 1936: 332 (biology).— Williamson, 1951a: 73 (physiology).— Williamson, 1951b: 91 (ethology).— Palluallt, 1954: 105 (ecology).— Williamson, 1954: 70 (ecology).— Chapman &amp; Santler, 1955: 372 (checklist, in part).— Bulycheva, 1957: 129, fig. 48a–c.—J.L. Barnard, 1958: 136 (in part).— Den Hartog, 1963: 61 (distribution and ecology).— Agrawal, 1964: 147 (anatomy).— Karlbrink, 1969: 328 (distribution).—Bregazzi, 1972: 393 (ecology).— Bregazzi &amp; Naylor, 1972: 375 (ecology).— Rasmussen, 1973: 190, fig. 116, 445.― Hartwick, 1976: 449 (ecology).—Ar- endse, 1978: 358 (ecology).— Williams, 1978: 231 (ecology).— Lincoln, 1979: 226, figs 96f, 104a–i.— Williams, 1979: 407 (ethology).— Arendse, 1980: 535 (ecology).— Williams, 1980a: 7 (ecology).— Williams, 1980b: 285 (ecology).—Ar- endse &amp; Kruyswijk, 1981: 23 (ecology).— Calvario &amp; Marques, 1983: 88.— Williams, 1983a: 291 (ecology).— Williams, 1983b: 481 (ethology).— Williams, 1985: 59 (ecology).— Bulnheim &amp; Scholl, 1986: 525 (genetics).— Morritt, 1987: 146 (physiology).— Moore &amp; Rainbow, 1987: 121 (physiology).— Edwards &amp; Naylor, 1987: 17 (ecology).— Spicer et al., 1987: 96–98, 100, 101, 103 (review).— Williams, 1987: 243 (morphometrics).— Morritt, 1988: 77 (physiology).— Costello et al., 1989: 45 (catalogue).— Spicer et al., 1990: 213 (physiology).— Ugolini &amp; Cannicci, 1991: 150 (solar orientation).— Mezzetti et al., 1994: 279 (ecology).— Spicer et al., 1994: 313 (physiology).— De Matthaeis et al., 1995: 77, fig. 1, tables 1–4 (genetics).— Platvoet &amp; Pinkster, 1995: 8, tables 1, 2 (ecology).— Williams, 1995: 466 (ecology).— Scapini et al., 1996: 553 (ethology).— Holmes et al., 1997: 186.—Scapini, 1997: 139 (ethology).— Morritt &amp; Spicer, 1998: 1965 (review physiological ecology).— Rainbow et al. 1998: 194 (heavy metals).— Borgioli et al., 1999a: 79 (ecology).— Bulnheim &amp; Schwenzer, 1999: 185 (genetics).— Costello, McGrath &amp; Emblow, 1999: 476, fig. 2, tables 1, 2 (review).— Fallaci et al. 1999: 469 (ethology).—Scapini et al., 1999: 660 (morphometrics). —Scapini et al., 1999: 238 (ethology).— Fialkowski et al., 2000: 183 (physiology).— Nardi et al., 2000: 333 (ethology).—Węsławski et al., 2000a: 961 (ecology).—Węsławski et al., 2000b: 77 (ecology).— Johnson et al., 2001: 109 (review, reproduction).— Frelon-Raimond et al., 2002: 73 (ethology). ― Jędrzejczak, 2002: 369, 371 table 1.— Adin &amp; Riera, 2003: 91 (ecology).— Anastácio et al., 2003: 149 (population dynamics).— Marques et al., 2003: 128 (ecology).—Ugolini, 2003: 722 (ethology, ecology, review).— Calosi et al., 2005: 267 (physiology).—Davolos et al., 2005: 73, fig. 5.— Davolos &amp; Maclean, 2005: 83 (mitochondrial sequences).— Junoy et al., 2005: 530, figs 5, 6, table 4, appendix A (oil spill).— Scapini, 2006: 81, table 1 (review).— Spicer &amp; Janas, 2006: 287. — Barca-Bravo et al., 2008: 91 (disturbance ecology).—Gambineri et al., 2008: 130 (ethology).— Fialkowski et al., 2009: 39 (biomonitor).— Olabarria et al., 2009: 282 (feeding behaviour).— Rossano et al., 2009: 573 (ethology).— Mezzetti et al., 2010a: 55 (visual ecology).— Mezzetti et al., 2010b: 127 (eye structure).— Fanini et al., 2012: 275 (ethology).—? Bessa et al., 2013: 168 (ethology). HELCOM, 2013.— Pavesi &amp; Ketmaier, 2013: 892, tables 1–3, fig 1, 2 (genetics review).— Fialkowski &amp; Rainbow, 2017: 482 (trace metals).— Tykarska et al., 2019: 67 (ecology).</p><p>Talitrus locusta .— Spence Bate, 1862: 5.— Spence Bate &amp; Westwood, 1863: 16.— Barrois, 1887: 15. — Stebbing 1888: 1722.— G.O. Sars, 1890: 23, pl. 9.— Norman, 1900: 137.— Della Valle, 1893: 492, 947, pl. 57, figs 52, 53.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5D221E401FFD2FF4BF97AFB7CFC8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lowry, J. K.;Myers, A. A.	Lowry, J. K., Myers, A. A. (2019): Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808), a species complex (Amphipoda, Senticaudata Talitroidea, Talitridae). Zootaxa 4664 (4): 451-480, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.1
