identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E287BA9E59531AFE32F9A8346A8C2F.text	03E287BA9E59531AFE32F9A8346A8C2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Raspailia Nardo 1833	<div><p>Genus Raspailia Nardo, 1833</p> <p>Subgenus Parasyringella Topsent, 1928 Raspailia (Parasyringella) rubra sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1A, 2, 3)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: MCNM 1.01 / 655, 11 / 10 / 2006, Isla Redonda (Marietas Nayarit) 13 m (20 ◦ 42 ′ 04 ′′ N, 105 ◦ 34 ′ 31 ′′ W). Paratype: 1601-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 11 / 10 / 2006, Isla Redonda (Marietas Nayarit) 11 m (20 ◦ 42 ′ 04 ′′ N, 105 ◦ 34 ′ 31 ′′ W).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Fragment of a ramified sponge 3 cm thick at the base and 6 cm high. Oscules and ostia not observed. Surface hispid with the points of the ectosomal styles protruding above the surface (Figure 3D). Rounded lobes evenly distributed (8 mm in diameter). Consistency fleshy and difficult to tear. Colour in life red, white in preservation (Figure 1A).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Choanosomal fusiform oxeas: 165–250 × 5–12 µm (Figures 2C, 3B). Straight ectosomal extra-axial styles: 1020–1445 × 5–10 µm (Figures 2A, B, 3A). Ectosomal anisoxeas / styles: 210–390 × 1.25–2.5 µm (Table 1) (Figures 2D, 3C). The ectosomal skeleton is a dense layer (30 µm thick) of bundles of anisoxeas / styles. There is an extra-axial skeleton formed by multispicular styles with the points protruding externally in the ectosomal layer. The choanosomal axial skeleton is formed by primary multispicular fibres (60–100 µm thick) interconnected by secondary bispicular or multispicular fibres (15–45 µm thick). The reticulum forms quadrangular irregular meshes (120–160 µm) (Figure 3D).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Raspailia (Parasyringella) rubra sp. nov. constitutes the first record of the subgenus in the Eastern Pacific. Species of the subgenus Parasyringella are characterized by an axial extra-axial skeleton (Hooper 2002) and bearing choanosomal spicules, styles or oxeas (Table 2). The species assigned to this subgenus with oxeas as choanosomal spicules are: R. (Parasyringella) elegans (Lendenfeld 1887) and R. (Parasyringella) nuda Hentschel 1911. Raspailia (Parasyringella) elegans is an orange planar or biplanar fan sponge from the north-western coast of Australia (Hooper 1991). It has choanosomal oxeas (176–275 × 4–11 µm), extra-axial styles (478–830 × 2–5 µm) and ectosomal oxeas (108–164 × 1.5–3.5 µm). The extra-axial styles are longer in R. (Parasyringella) rubra sp. nov. than in R. (Parasyringella) elegans (Table 2). Besides, there are some differences in the morphology and length of the ectosomal spicules (ectosomal oxeas in R. (Parasyringella) elegans versus ectosomal styles / anisoxeas in Raspailia (Parasyringella) rubra sp. nov.). Raspailia (Parasyringella) nuda Hentschel 1911 is an orange arborescent or stipitate sponge described from Australia (Hooper 1991). It has choanosomal oxeas / anisoxeas (260–640 × 7–24 µm), subectosomal styles (820–1673 × 9–16 µm) and ectosomal oxeas / anisoxeas (243–472 × 1.5–7 µm). The choanosomal oxeas are longer in R. (Parasyringella) nuda than in R. (Parasyringella) rubra sp. nov.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named rubra which means red in Latin.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E59531AFE32F9A8346A8C2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
03E287BA9E5D5316FEA5FA77371B8D40.text	03E287BA9E5D5316FEA5FA77371B8D40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Raspailia (Raspaxilla) hymani (Dickinson 1945)	<div><p>Raspailia (Raspaxilla) hymani (Dickinson, 1945)</p> <p>(Figures 1B, 4, 5)</p> <p>Hemectyon hymani Dickinson, 1945; Green and Bakus, 1994:41–42.</p> <p>Aulospongus hymani Desqueyroux-Faúndez and van Soest, 1997:442.</p> <p>Raspailia (Raspaxilla) hymani Hooper et al. 1999:685–687.</p> <p>Endectyon (Endectyon) hymani Lee et al. 2007:35.</p> <p>∗ Additional information from the original description.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: L35546 D-37, 03 / 03 / 1937, Isla Partida Cabo San Lucas (MEX) 138 m VELERO 618–37 (No data). AHF-R-213 (Dickinson 1945). Additional material: AHF-R-214; 26 / 02 / 1941, Isla Cedros Baja California (MEX) 28 ◦ 5.7 ′ N, 15 ◦ 31.2 ′ W, R / V VELERO III 117–119 m.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Fan-shaped sponge 8–10 cm high and 3–6 cm in diameter. Surface hispid with unevenly distributed spicule projections. Oscules and ostia not observed. Consistency hard and difficult to tear. Colour in preservation green or yellow (Figure 1B).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Straight or curved choanosomal styles: 1150–1720 × 25–50 µm (Figures 4A, 5A). Microspined rhabdostyles in two categories: the first long, curved and with prominent spines: 280–560 × 25–40 µm (Figures 4B, 5B); the second curved, with a pronounced head and with short spines: 130–260 × 7.5–15 µm (Figures 4C, 5C). Straight and curved ectosomal styles: 235–425 × 1.75–2.5 µm (Table 3) (Figures 4D, 5D). The ectosomal skeleton is a dense layer of spongin (100 µm thick). The styles are dispersed with no special organization. There is a subectosomal extra-axial compressed skeleton formed by the rhabdostyles with the points protruding externally. The choanosomal skeleton has an axial organization of primary multispicular ascendant fibres (300–600 µm thick) interconnected by secondary multispicular fibres (100–250 µm thick). The reticulum forms rectangular irregular meshes (200–300 µm). The rhabdostyles II are echinating the primary fibres (Figure 5E).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Raspailia (Raspaxilla) hymani (Dickinson 1945) is a deep-sea species from the West Pacific coast of the Baja California Peninsula. The holotype was considered lost by Hooper et al. (1999), but this material was found in the Allan Hancock Collection. Dickinson (1945) reported one category of rhabdostyles; however, the material examined (including the holotype) has two categories. This species was originally described in the genus Hemectyon (Dickinson 1945), but Desqueyroux-Faúndez and van Soest (1997) moved this species into the genus Aulospongus. Later, Hooper et al. (1999) transferred this species to the subgenus Raspaxilla (genus Raspailia). The morphological difference between these genera is the choanosomal skeleton: axial extra-axially compressed in Raspailia (Raspaxilla) and a reticulum of compressed primary fibre bundles in Aulospongus.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E5D5316FEA5FA77371B8D40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
03E287BA9E515311FEA2FB8932768AFE.text	03E287BA9E515311FEA2FB8932768AFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Raspailia (Raspaxilla) hyle (de Laubenfels 1930)	<div><p>Raspailia (Raspaxilla) hyle (de Laubenfels, 1930)</p> <p>(Figures 1C, 6, 7)</p> <p>Hemectyon hyle de Laubenfels, 1930, 1932; Dickinson, 1945; Bakus and Green, 1987;</p> <p>Green and Bakus, 1994:39–40. Aulospongus hyle Desqueyroux-Faúndez and van Soest, 1997:442. Raspailia (Raspaxilla) hyle Hooper et al. 1999:685. Endectyon (Endectyon) hyle Lee et al. 2007:33, 115, 189. Holotype: USNM 21418, 16 / 02 / 1924, Puerto Fermín, San José (California, USA)</p> <p>30–150 m.</p> <p>Material Examined</p> <p>L35609 D-17, 04 / 04 / 1935, Off Los Frailes Baja California (MEX) 10–28 m VELERO STATION AHF 751–37 (Dickinson 1945).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Ramose sponge with peduncle 3 cm thick and 8 cm high. Two prominent branches 2 cm in diameter and 1–3 cm long. Uneven surface with rounded lobes (1–2 mm long</p> <p>and 1.3 mm high) evenly distributed. Oscules and ostia not visible. Consistency hard and difficult to tear. Colour in preservation pale beige (Figure 1C).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Straight choanosomal styles: 500–780 × 15–20 µm (Figures 6B, 7A). Curved subectosomal styles: 765–1200 × 8–20 µm (Figures 6A, 7C). Rhabdostyles microspined curved with prominent spines: 230–400 × 10–20 µm (Figures 6C, 7C). These spines are localized in the terminal third of the rhabdostyles. Curved ectosomal styles: 230– 395 × 1.75–2.5 µm (Figures 6D, 7D) (Table 4). The ectosomal skeleton is a dense layer of styles (30–50 µm thick). There is a subectosomal extra-axial skeleton formed by the styles with the points of the spicules protruding externally. The choanosomal skeleton has an axial compressed skeleton formed by primary ascending multispicular fibres (200–300 µm thick) interconnected by bispicular or multispicular secondary fibres (20–40 µm thick). The reticulum forms rectangular irregular meshes (100–120 µm). Rhabdostyles are echinating the primary fibres (Figure 7E).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Raspailia (Raspaxilla) hyle (de Laubenfels 1930) is distributed along the West Pacific coast of Baja California Peninsula and the Pacific coast of the USA. This species was originally described in the genus Hemectyon for bearing rhabodstyles with prominent spines (de Laubenfels 1930). Currently, Hemectyon is considered a subgenus of the genus Endectyon (Hooper 2002). Hooper et al. (1999) moved this species into the subgenus Raspaxilla (genus: Raspailia) because of the axial extra-axial skeleton.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E515311FEA2FB8932768AFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
03E287BA9E56530CFE2BFC4437298813.text	03E287BA9E56530CFE2BFC4437298813.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aulospongus cerebella (Dickinson 1945)	<div><p>Aulospongus cerebella (Dickinson, 1945)</p> <p>(Figures 1D, 8, 9)</p> <p>Heterectya cerebella Dickinson, 1945:22.</p> <p>Aulospongus cerebella Desqueyroux-Faúndez and van Soest, 1997; Hooper et al. 1999:654–656.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: L 355667, 09 / 03 / 1936, D-4 Isla Partida Gulf of California (MEX) 83 m VELERO AHF-559–36 (Dickinson 1945). Additional material: LACM, 1941–3; 26 / 02 / 1941, Isla Cedros, Baja California (MEX) 28 ◦ 5.7 ′ N, 115 ◦ 31.2 ′ W, 117–119 m R / V VELERO III. AHF-1253–41. 2059-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 11 / 04 / 2011, Station 32 Talud XIV (Gulf of California, MEX) 122 m (27 ◦ 56 ′ 13 ′′ N, 111 ◦ 19 ′ 44 ′′ W).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Tubular sponge from 3 to 8 cm high and 2 cm thick with an apical oscule (6 mm long). Ostia not visible. Surface hispid with spicule projections (600–1200 µm) evenly distributed in the body. Consistency flexible and difficult to tear. Colour in preservation pale beige (Figure 1D).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Straight or curved choanosomal styles: 300–720 × 30–45 µm (Figures 8A, 9A). Rhabdostyles microspined with prominent spines: 275–470 × 20–35 µm (Figures 8B, C, 9B) (Table 5). The spines are localized on the terminal third of this spicule. The ectosomal skeleton is a dense layer of spongin (100–120 µm thick) with the points of the spicules protruding externally. The choanosomal skeleton has a plumose structure formed by ascending multispicular fibre bundles (100–200 µm thick). The points of the spicules are inside the fibres or protruding externally (Figure 9C).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Aulospongus cerebella (Dickinson 1945) is a deep-sea species from the Gulf of California and West Pacific coast of Baja Peninsula. Hooper et al. (1999) considered that the holotype was lost. However, the type material was found in the Allan Hancock Collection.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E56530CFE2BFC4437298813	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
03E287BA9E4B530EFE4BFEDA347B8AB8.text	03E287BA9E4B530EFE4BFEDA347B8AB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aulospongus californianus Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2013	<div><p>Aulospongus californianus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1E, 10, 11)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: MCNM 1.01 / 656, 11 / 04 / 2011, Station 32 Talud XIV (Gulf of California, MEX) 122 m (27 ◦ 56 ′ 13 ′′ N, 111 ◦ 19 ′ 44 ′′ W). Paratypes: 2060-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 11 / 04 / 2011, Station 32 Talud XIV (Gulf of California, MEX) 122 m (27 ◦ 56 ′ 13 ′′ N, 111 ◦ 19 ′ 44 ′′ W). 2061-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 11 / 04 / 2011, Station 32 Talud XIV (Gulf of California, MEX) 122 m (27 ◦ 56 ′ 13 ′′ N, 111 ◦ 19 ′ 44 ′′ W). 2062-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 11 / 04 / 2011, Station 32 Talud XIV (Gulf of California, MEX) 122 m (27 ◦ 56 ′ 13 ′′ N, 111 ◦ 19 ′ 44 ′′ W).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Massive or vase-shaped sponge, 1–2 cm in diameter and 3–5 cm high. Surface hispid with spicule projections evenly distributed. Oscula (6–10 mm) and ostia are circular</p> <p>to oval-shaped (100–150 µm). Consistency hard and difficult to tear. Colour in preservation pale beige (Figure 1E).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Straight choanosomal styles: 580–1130 × 25–45 µm (Figures 10A, 11A). Microspined rhabdostyles in two sizes: the first curved and with prominent spines: 340–610 × 22.5–35 µm (Figures 10B, 11B); the second short, with the head pronounced: 150–360 × 10–30 µm (Figures 10C, 11C). The spines are localized on the terminal third of the spicule. Curved ectosomal styles / anisoxeas: 290–460 × 2.5–5 µm (Figures 10D, 11D) (Table 6). The ectosomal skeleton is a dense layer of styles / anisoxeas with the points of the spicules protruding externally (30–80 µm thick). Multispicular ascending fibres (480–600 µm thick) (Figure 11E) form a plumose choanosomal skeleton.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Aulospongus californianus sp. nov. is a deep-sea species from the Gulf of California. The only species assigned to this genus in the Eastern Pacific is Aulospongus cerebella (Dickinson 1945). This is a tubular sponge with straight styles and microspined rhabdostyles in one category (see above). Aulospongus californianus sp. nov., has ectosomal styles / anisoxeas and rhabdostyles in two categories while A. cerebella lacks the ectosomal spicules and the rhabdostyles are in one category.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named californianus for the type locality.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E4B530EFE4BFEDA347B8AB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
03E287BA9E495309FE43FBA135258C1C.text	03E287BA9E495309FE43FBA135258C1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aulospongus aurantiacus Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2013	<div><p>Aulospongus aurantiacus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1F, 12, 13)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: MCNM 1.01 / 657, 30 / 10 / 2003, Isla Venados (Mazatlán, Sinaloa), 7 m (23 ◦ 10 ′ 15 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 26 ′ 42 ′′ W). Paratype: 962-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 30 / 10 / 2003, Isla Venados (Mazatlán, Sinaloa), 4 m (23 ◦ 10 ′ 15 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 26 ′ 42 ′′ W).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Encrusting or laminated sponge 3–6 cm long and 1–2.5 cm thick. Oscules and ostia not observed. Surface hispid with conules circular to oval-shaped (300–750 µm long) and evenly distributed. Consistency hard and difficult to tear. Colour in life is orange, pale in preservation (Figure 1F).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Straight or curved styles in two sizes: 1). 440–970 × 10–20 µm (Figures 12A, 13A). 2) 135–250 × 5–15 µm (Figures 12B, 13B). Rhabdostyles microspined with prominent spines: 80–125 × 2.5–15 µm (Figures 12C, 13C). Curved or straight subectosomal subtylostyles / styles: 280–480 × 2.5–7.5 µm (Figures 12D, 13D) (Table 7). The ectosomal skeleton is a dense layer of spongin (40–100 µm thick). The choanosome has a plumose structure formed by multispicular fibre bundles (160–260 µm thick). The microspined rhabdostyles are echinating (Figure 13E).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Aulospongus aurantiacus sp. nov. is a subtidal sponge from the Gulf of California. This species is characterized by having choanosomal styles and curved rhabdostyles microspined. The species assigned to this genus with these characteristics are: Aulospongus similaustralis Hooper et al. 2008, Aulospongus tubulatus (Bowerbank 1873), Aulospongus spinosum (Topsent 1927) and Aulospongus monticularis (Ridley and Dendy 1886). Aulospongus similaustralis Hooper et al. (2008) is a globular sponge recorded from the western coast of Australia. It has choanosomal styles (150–400 µm), microspined rhabdostyles (70–255 µm) and subectosomal tylostyles (720–1400 µm). Aulospongus aurantiacus sp. nov. has styles in two categories and ectosomal subtylostyles / styles while A. similaustralis has one category of styles and ectosomal tylostyles. Aulospongus tubulatus (Bowerbank 1873) is a massive or tubular sponge recorded from Sri Lanka. It has choanosomal rhabdostyles (304–462 µm), rhabdostyles microspined (109–126 µm) and ectosomal styles (212–250 µm). The rhabdostyles are longer in A. aurantiacus sp. nov. than in A. tubulatus. Aulospongus spinosum (Topsent 1927) is a bulbous sponge described from Cape Verde at 219 m depth. It has choanosomal rhabdostyles in two sizes (770–1085 µm and 90–182 µm), acanthostyles (75–145 µm) and ectosomal oxeas (40–50 µm). The morphology of the ectosomal spicules is the main difference between these species: styles / subtylostyles in A. aurantiacus sp. nov. and oxeas in A. spinosum. Aulospongus monticularis (Ridley and Dendy 1886) is an encrusting or massive sponge described from Cape Verde. This species has choanosomal rhabdostyles (290–518 µm), microspined rhabdostyles (132–275 µm) and subectosomal styles (620–960 µm). Aulospongus aurantiacus has the subectosomal styles shorter than A. monticularis.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named aurantiacus which means orange in Latin.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E495309FE43FBA135258C1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
03E287BA9E4E5305FDDAFA2535F18ADE.text	03E287BA9E4E5305FDDAFA2535F18ADE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurypon patriciae Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2013	<div><p>Eurypon patriciae sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 14A, 15, 16)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: MCNM 1.01 / 658, 18 / 10 / 2001, Isla Lobos 1 (Mazatlán, Sinaloa) 5 m (23 ◦ 13 ′ 49 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 27 ′ 43 ′′ W). Paratypes: 107-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 18 / 10 / 2001, Isla Lobos 1 (Mazatlán, Sinaloa) 5 m (23 ◦ 13 ′ 49 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 27 ′ 43 ′′</p> <p>W).128-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 18 / 10 / 2001, Isla Lobos 1 (Mazatlán, Sinaloa) 5 m (23 ◦ 13 ′ 49 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 27 ′ 43 ′′ W).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Encrusting sponge, size 2–4 cm length × 1–3 cm width and 6–8 mm thick growing over rocks. Oscules and ostia are not visible. Surface hispid due to evenly distributed projecting spicules. Consistency fleshy and difficult to tear. Colour in life yellow or green, pale brown in preservation (Figure 14A).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Straight choanosomal tylostyles: 1320–2400 × 10–25 µm (Figures 15A, B, 16A). Acanthostyles with short recurved spines in two sizes: 1) 130–180 × 5–7.5 µm (Figures 15C, 16C); 2) 55–87.5 × 2.5–5 µm (Figures 15D, 16C). Straight strongyloxeas / styles: 400–550 × 5–10 µm (Figures 15E, 16B) (Table 8). The ectosomal skeleton is absent. The points of the spicules are protruding externally. The choanosomal skeleton has a hymedesmoid structure. Main tylostyles and acanthostyles are embedded in a spongin layer (20–40 µm thick). The strongyloxeas and styles are dispersed in groups of one to three arranged along the tylostyles in the choanosome (Figure 16D).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Eurypon patriciae sp. nov. is a subtidal sponge distributed in the Gulf of California. In the Eastern Pacific, there are two species assigned to this genus. Eurypon nigrum Bergquist 1967 is a blue encrusting sponge described from Oahu (Hawaii). It has tylostyles in two sizes (1200–2400 µm × 6–12 µm and 170–800 × 6–12 µm) and acanthotylostyles (70–165 × 6–9 µm). The spicule measurements are similar in these two species. However, E. nigrum has tylostyles as ectosomal spicules while E. patriciae sp. nov. has strongyloxeas and styles. Eurypon miniaceum Thiele 1905 is a red encrusting sponge described from Calbuco (Chile) at 30 m depth. It has tylostyles in three categories (2000–3000 × 30 µm; 800 × 30 µm; and&gt; 120 µm), acanthostyles (120 µm) and subectosomal styles (550 × 5 µm). Eurypon patriciae sp. nov. has one category of styles while E. miniaceum has three.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named for Patricia Bergquist for her contribution to sponge science.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E4E5305FDDAFA2535F18ADE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
03E287BA9E425300FDF5FC0635E18800.text	03E287BA9E425300FDF5FC0635E18800.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurypon tylospinosum Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2013	<div><p>Eurypon tylospinosum sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 14B, 17, 18)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: MCNM 1.01 / 659, 27 / 11 / 2002, Cabo Haro, (Guaymas, Sonora) 15 m (27 ◦ 52 ′ 5 ′′ N, 110 ◦ 57 ′ 1 ′′ W). Paratype: 769-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 27 / 11 / 2002, Cabo Haro, (Guaymas, Sonora), 15 m (27 ◦ 52 ′ 5 ′′ N, 110 ◦ 57 ′ 1 ′′ W).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Encrusting sponge, size 2–5 cm length × 1–2 cm width and 3–5 mm thick. Oscules and ostia not visible. Surface smooth. Consistency flexible and difficult to tear. Colour in life red, pale in preservation (Figure 14B).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Choanosomal subtylostyles with a pronounced head or modified to style: 200–575 × 7.5–15 µm (Figures 17A, 18A). Acanthostyles with swollen head with prominent spines. These spines are arranged as a crown around the head: 70–200 × 2.5–7.5 µm (Figures 17B, C, 18B). Straight or curved subectosomal styles / anisoxeas: 330–460 × 1.75–2.5 µm (Figures 17D, 18C) (Table 9). The ectosomal skeleton is absent. The choanosomal skeleton has a hymedesmoid structure. Main subtylostyles and acanthostyles are embedded in a spongin layer (10–25 µm thick). The styles / anisoxeas are dispersed in trichodragmas in the subectosomal region (Figure 18D).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Eurypon tylospinosum sp. nov. is a subtidal species distributed from the Gulf of California. It is characterized by having acanthostyles with swollen head and with prominent spines, which are arranged as a crown around the head. The only species described worldwide that have these features are E. simplex (Bowerbank 1874) and E. coronula (Bowerbank 1874) (Table 12). Eurypon simplex (Bowerbank 1874) is a yellow encrusting sponge described from the Shetland Islands. It has tylostyles (2116 × 27.1 µm) and acanthostyles (105.8–218.9 × 8.4 µm). The tylostyles are shorter in E. tylospinosum sp. nov. than in E. simplex. Besides, E. tylospinosum sp. nov. has subectosomal styles which are lacking in E. simplex. Eurypon coronula (Bowerbank 1874) is a grey encrusting sponge recorded from the Shetland Islands. It has tylostyles (635–1411 µm) and acanthostyles (254 µm). The tylostyles are longer in E. coronula than in E. tylospinosum sp. nov. The remaining species assigned to the genus Eurypon have spicules in a different category or length than E. tylospinosum sp. nov. (Table 12).</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named tylospinosum by the swollen and spiny head of the acanthostyles.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E425300FDF5FC0635E18800	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
03E287BA9E475302FE28FEC935038C52.text	03E287BA9E475302FE28FEC935038C52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurypon diversicolor Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2013	<div><p>Eurypon diversicolor sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 14C, 19, 20)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: MCNM 1.01 / 660, 10 / 06 / 2003, Isla Redondas (Marietas, Nayarit), 12 m (20 ◦ 42 ′ 03 ′′ N, 105 ◦ 34 ′ 31 ′′ W). Paratypes: 818-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 10 / 06 / 2003, Isla Redondas (Marietas, Nayarit), 12 m (20 ◦ 42 ′ 03 ′′ N, 105 ◦ 34 ′ 31 ′′ W). 1500- LEB-ICML- UNAM, 11 / 10 / 2006, Cueva Marietas (Bahia Banderas, Nayarit), 10 m (20 ◦ 42 ′ 01 ′′ N, 105 ◦ 33 ′ 57 ′′ W).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Encrusting sponge, size 3–6 cm length × 2–5 cm width and 2–10 mm thick. Oscules and ostia not observed. Surface hispid with spicule projections evenly distributed.</p> <p>Consistency hard and difficult to tear. Colour in life is orange or yellow, pale in preservation (Figure 14C).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Straight choanosomal subtylostyles: 900–1710 × 10–30 µm (Figures 19A, B, 20A). Curved or straight acanthostyles with prominent recurved spines in two categories: 210–390 × 10–17.5 µm (Figures 19C, 20B) and 60–180 × 5–15 µm (Figures 19D, 20B) (Table 10). The ectosomal skeleton is absent. The points of the spicules protrude externally. The choanosomal skeleton has a hymedesmoid structure. Main subtylostyles and acanthostyles are erect in a spongin layer (10–20 µm thick) (Figure 20C).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Eurypon diversicolor sp. nov. is found in the Mexican Pacific Ocean. The only similar species in the Eastern Pacific is E. nigrum Bergquist 1967. This is a darkblue encrusting sponge described from Oahu (Hawaii). It has straight tylostyles in two sizes: 1200–2400 × 6–12 µm and 170–800 × 6–12 µm; and acanthostyles (70–165 × 6–9 µm). Eurypon diversicolor sp. nov. has acanthostyles in two categories (Table 10). The acanthostyles I are longer in E. diversicolor sp. nov. than in E. nigrum. Eurypon duoacanthostyla (Hoshino, 1981) is an orange encrusting sponge described from Mitsusuke (Japan) at 15 m depth. It has straight styles (250–320 × 5–8 µm) and acanthostyles in two categories: 250–280 × 7–9 µm and 138–180 × 6–8 µm. Eurypon diversicolor sp. nov. has longer and thicker styles than E. duoacanthostyla. The other species belonging to the genus Eurypon from the Pacific Ocean have spicules of different length than E. diversicolor sp. nov. (Table 12).</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named diversicolor which means different colours in Latin.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E475302FE28FEC935038C52	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
03E287BA9E45533DFE12FA9A34E98C19.text	03E287BA9E45533DFE12FA9A34E98C19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurypon brunus Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2013	<div><p>Eurypon brunus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 14D, 21, 22)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: MCNM 1.01 / 661, 31 / 10 / 2002, Isla Lobos 1 (Mazatlán, Sinaloa), 5 m (23 ◦ 13 ′ 49 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 27 ′ 43 ′′ W). Paratypes: 653-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 29 / 10 / 2002, Isla Lobos 1 (Mazatlán, Sinaloa) 4 m (23 ◦ 13 ′ 49 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 27 ′ 43 ′′ W). 655-LEB- ICML-UNAM, 31 / 10 / 2002, Isla Lobos 1 (Mazatlán, Sinaloa), 5 m (23 ◦ 13 ′ 49 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 27 ′ 43 ′′ W). 1505-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 11 / 10 / 2006, Cueva Marietas (Bahia Banderas, Nayarit), 11 m (20 ◦ 42 ′ 1 ′′ N, 105 ◦ 33 ′ 57 ′′ W).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Encrusting sponge, size 3–4 cm length × 1–3 cm width and 5–7 mm thick growing over rocks. Oscules and ostia not visible. Surface hispid. Consistency fleshy and difficult to tear. Colour in life black or dark brown, pale in preservation (Figure 14D).</p> <p>Skeleton</p> <p>Straight choanosomal subtylostyles in two categories: 700–1625 × 7.5–20 µm (Figures 21A, B, 22A) and 110–375 × 2.5–10 µm (Figures 21C, 22A). Acanthostyles with short recurved spines in two sizes: 200–390 × 7.5–20 µm (Figures 21D, 22B) and 60–190 × 2.5–12.5 µm (Figures 21E, 22B). Straight or curved subectosomal styles / anisoxeas: 260–520 × 1.75–5 µm (Figures 21F, 22C) (Table 11). The ectosomal skeleton is absent. The choanosomal skeleton is hymedesmoid. Main subtylostyles and acanthostyles are embedded in a spongin layer. The styles / anisoxeas are dispersed in the subectosomal region (Figure 22D).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Eurypon brunus sp. nov. is a subtidal species from the Mexican Pacific Ocean. It is characterized by having subtylostyles in two categories, acanthostyles in two sizes and subectosomal styles / anisoxeas. The only species assigned to this genus which have these characteristics are Eurypon miniaceum (Thiele 1905) and Eurypon graphidiophora (Hentschel 1911) (Table 12). Eurypon miniaceum (Thiele 1905) is a red encrusting sponge described from Calbuco (Chile) at 30 m depth. This species has choanosomal tylostyles in three categories 2000–3000 × 30 µm; 800 × 30 µm; and&gt; 120 µm), acanthostyles (120 µm) and subectosomal styles (550 × 5 µm). Eurypon brunus sp. nov. has the acanthostyles I longer than in E. miniaceum. Eurypon graphidiophora (Hentschel 1911) is a grey encrusting sponge described from Australia. This species has straight or curved styles (280–1500 × 7–11 µm), acanthostyles (48–88 × 5 µm) and ectosomal rhapides / styles (350–400 × 2–3 µm). The acanthostyles are longer in E. brunus sp. nov. than in E. graphidiophora.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named brunus, which means brown in Latin.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BA9E45533DFE12FA9A34E98C19	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria;Carballo, Jose Luis	Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria, Carballo, Jose Luis (2013): Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species. Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28): 1663-1706, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.769642
