identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E387ABFF88BE1D45895870FB1EF9EB.text	03E387ABFF88BE1D45895870FB1EF9EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa Silva & Fernandes	<div><p>Paraedessa Silva &amp; Fernandes gen. nov.</p><p>Etymology. The name makes reference to a similarity between the species of the new genus and those of Edessa . Gender: feminine.</p><p>Type species: Cimex stolidus Linneus, 1758 .</p><p>Small species (10–13 mm in length). Body green dorsally (Figs. 50–58) and ventrally light yellow. Humeral angles not developed (Figs. 50–58). Corium dark and densely punctured with some impunctate whitish areas. Dorsal surface of abdomen blue metallic with median white spots (Figs. 50, 54, 56, 58). Ventral surface with dark transverse stripes. Proctiger without a lateral dense pilose strip or tuft of hair; laterally expanded (Figs. 2, 12, 17, 22, 27, 32, 37, 41, 46). Gonocoxites 8 reduced (Figs. 5, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 44, 49) and gonapophyses 8 exposed and sclerotized</p><p>Head: Triangular, wider than long, with margins yellow, impunctate. Juga longer than tylus and contiguous in front of it, anteriorly rounded and somewhat bent ventrally. Bucculae large, evanescent and enclosing the first rostral segment. Second rostral segment longer than third and fourth together. Fourth rostral segment with a black spot on posterior portion. Antenna yellow (Figs. 50–55, 57–58) and pilose. Antennal segments increasing in length from I to V.</p><p>Thorax: Pronotum trapezoidal, wider than long, with yellow margin, dark deep punctures uniformly distributed throughout the length, except for the cicatrices which are calloused and impunctate. Anterolateral angle armed with small tooth or not. Anterolateral margin grooved. Scutellum with dark deep punctures concentrated mesially; apex acute, without punctures and armed with small tooth. Membrane of hemelytra brown (Figs. 50–58). Evaporatorium concolorous with the pleura to whitish, dull and slightly rugose. Peritreme flagelliform, bright and almost reaching the lateral margin of the body. Evaporatorium with circular callosed spot on the edge. Metasternal process longer than wide, high, pilose, with a short anterior bifurcation, apex of each arm rounded and evanescent, enclosing the last rostral segment (Fig. 6). Legs yellow (Figs. 51–53, 55, 57) with distal margin of the femora black.</p><p>Abdomen: Connexivum exposed with sparse concolorous punctures; posterolateral angles of segments armed with small black tooth, lateral margin dark. Segment VII with dorsal black spot that occupies half of segment (Figs. 50–58). Ventral surface with small round yellow spot close to lateral margin. Spiracles elliptical. Trichobothria aligned with spiracles. Cicatrices and intersegmental areas brown. Segment VII (VII) produced, but not reaching the level of laterotergites 8 in females (Figs. 5, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 44, 49).</p><p>Male: Pygophore (pyg) rectangular in dorsal view, open dorsoposteriorly (Figs. 1, 11, 16, 21, 26, 31, 36, 40, 45). Dorsal rim dark or slightly dark. Surface of genital cup processes and distal part of parameres textured like lizard scales. Bottom of genital cup on each side of proctiger, forming a rough dark ridge (pgc) that partially covers base of parameres (Figs. 2, 12, 17, 22, 27, 32, 37, 41, 46), this structure continue inside pygophore as a low ridge on the side of the phallus . Genital cup processes (gp) flat (Figs.1–2, 11–13, 17, 21, 26, 31, 36, 41, 45) and entirely or partially dark. Parameres (pa) with a main distal expansion variable in shape and an anterior expansion usually subtriangular (ae) near base (Figs. 4, 14, 19, 24, 39, 43, 48); base of the paramere discoid and large (not illustrated). Proctiger (X) cylindrical, short and glossy; distal part slightly rough with a little to strong constriction just before a lateral expansion with different shapes.Ventral rim sparsely punctured and furrowed; deeply excavated medially leaving anal opening visible; margins of excavation with two lobes; vertex of excavation with a rugulose, concave and dark area (Figs. 3, 13, 18, 23, 28, 33, 38, 42, 47). Phallus: phallotheca (ph) cylindrical, elongated, curved dorsally and strongly esclerotized; vesica (v) short, about 1/10 of length of phallotheca, with a pair of convergent tooth-like dorsal processes and a single ventral membranous lobe (Figs. 7–9); ductus seminis distalis (dsd) short, not surpassing apex of vesica (Fig. 7); conjunctiva absent.</p><p>Female: Gonocoxites 8 (gc8) reduced to various extent. Gonapophyses 8 (gn8) sclerotized, and broad, forming rectangular single plate that occupies the space left by gonocoxites 8. Gonocoxite 9 (gc9) trapezoidal, anterolateral angles forming short arms that not reach apex of laterotergites 9; anterior margin medially concave. Gonapophyses 9 (gn9) with a medial thickening (mt). Thickening of vaginal intima (tvi) with a beak-like projection, visible in lateral view. Chitinellipsen (ch) present. Ductus receptaculi (dr) thin, shorter after vesicular area. Capsula seminalis (cs) with three digitiform processes, directed toward annular crests but not reaching posterior one (aac, pac); pars intermedialis (pi) slightly esclerotized (Fig. 10). Laterotergites 8 (la8) longitudinally convex and acuminate; distal margin dark; acute apex surpassing level of posterolateral angle of abdominal segment VII Spiracles present at the base of laterotergites 8. Laterotergites 9 (la9) triangular, with median depression, furrowed, and with distal margin reaching or passing band dorsally uniting laterotergites 8. Segment X (X) rectangular (Figs. 5, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 44, 49).</p><p>Comments. The proposed new genus is based on the morphology of the genitalia of both sexes. Paraedessa is easily recognizable by the proctiger presenting a remarkable lateral expansion of proctiger (Figs. 2, 12, 17, 22, 27, 32, 37, 41, 46); female genitalia also shows a unique reduction of the gonocoxites 8 and a great development and sclerotization of the gonapophyses 8 (Figs. 5, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 44, 49); less conspicuous but equally important is the rough dark ridge on the sides of proctiger and the discoid large base of the paramere. The species composing this genus have very similar facies and their identification is possible only comparing the genitalia. The general aspect of Paraedessa, except for its genitalia, is very similar to Edessa, especially for the subgenus Hypoxys. Both share a dorsal color green, but not the brown corium with whitish areas; humeral angle slightly projected, around the diameter of an eye; female with abdominal segment VII posteriorly developed but not projected beyond the genital plates.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 59): PUERTO RICO, NICARAGUA, COSTA RICA, PANAMA, VENEZUELA, COLOMBIA, SURINAME, FRENCH GUIANA, ECUADOR, PERU, BRAZIL, BOLIVIA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF88BE1D45895870FB1EF9EB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
03E387ABFF8ABE1945895FBAFA94FD86.text	03E387ABFF8ABE1945895FBAFA94FD86.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa stolida (Linnaeus 1758) Linnaeus 1758	<div><p>Paraedessa stolida (Linnaeus, 1758) n. comb.</p><p>(Figures: 1–10, 50, 59)</p><p>Cimex stolidus Linnaeus, 1758: 442; 1764: 170; 1767: 717; Fabricius, 1775: 701; Goeze, 1778: 187; Fabricius, 1781: 344; 1787: 283; Gmelin, 1789: 2133; Fabricius, 1794: 91.</p><p>Tetyra stolida; Fabricius, 1803: 145.</p><p>Edessa stolida; Stål, 1872: 56; Lethierry &amp; Severin, 1893: 195; Kirkaldy, 1909: 165.</p><p>Holotype male. Linnaeus indicated India as the species’ type locality, but Suriname is probably the correct one for P. stolida (Zoological Museum, University of Uppsala, Sweden).</p><p>Material examined. SURINAME. Saramacca: ♂ Saramacca, N05.81775 / W55.59064, 15–25-Sept-2005, 6 m, G. J. Steck, Malaise Trap. (JEE); Paramaribo: ♀ Paramaribo, 14-12-1960, P. H. v. Doesburg. leg (RMNH); ♀ 10-04-1961, Doesburg. leg (RMNH); ♀ 10-04-1963, Brokh (RMNH); ♂ 10-VII-1975, P. H.v. Doesburg Jr. (RMNH); ♂ 8 km Paramaribo 22-30-VII-75, Coll. D. Engleman (DOE). Brokopondo: ♀ Phedra (Krukji) 20-I- 1963, J. Belle (RMNH); ♂ Plan Peperpos, 30-VII-1975, P. H. v. Doesburg (RMNH). BRAZIL. Pará: ♂ Óbidos, Coll. Dirings (MZUSP); ♀ ♂ Icoaraci, 29-I-2005. Lobo, D (MPEG); ♂ Mosqueiro, 22-I-1983. A. L. Henriques (INPA); ♂ Marituba, 20-VI-2012, Silva, P (MPEG); ♂ Belém, 18-I-1983, A. L. Henriques (INPA); 4 ♀ 2 ♂ 5-7- 2011, Carvalho, F. (MPEG); ♂ ♀ Museu Goeldi- Guamá, 14-I-1997 (UFRG); 2 ♀ ♂ 16-I-1997 (UFRG); ♀ 2 ♂ Campus UFPA, 09-2003, Fernandes, J. A. M (MPEG); ♀ Centur, 19-03-2008, Caxias, F. C (MPEG); ♀Tucuruí, 04-03-2010, Silva, V. J (MPEG); ♂ ♀ 09-04-2013, Azevedo, A (MPEG). Goiás: ♀ Alvorada do Norte, 14-08- 2005, Folha de Pequi, G. A. Ferreira (MPEG).</p><p>Measurements. Total length: 10.6–11.7; head length: 1.1–1.6; head width: 2.5–3.5; pronotal length: 2.1–2.7; pronotal width: 6.2–6.6; abdominal width: 5.2–6.4; length of antennal segments (I: 0.5–0.6; II: 0.9–1.4; III: 1.2– 1.8; IV: 2.2–2.5; V: 2.2–2.6).</p><p>Male: Pygophore with dorsal rim rugulose, concave and furrowed; posterolateral angles poorly developed (Figs. 1, 3). Genital cup processes subtriangular, curved, located lateral to proctiger; apex surpassing dorsal rim in lateral view (Fig. 2). Parameres flat, slightly curved; anterior expansion large and subtriangular, distal margin straight; two distal expansions triangular, one directed anteriorly and the other posteriorly (Fig. 4); apex not surpassing dorsal rim (Figs. 1–2, 4). Dorsal face of proctiger as long as wide, entire, without a distal shallow concavity (Fig. 1). Lateral face of proctiger slightly constricted (Fig. 1). Lateral expansion of proctiger trapezoidal, narrow, curved and twice as wide as anal opening, projected dorsally beyond the dorsal face (Figs. 1–2). Ventral rim with lobes developed, not reaching posterolateral angle level (Fig. 3).</p><p>Female: Gonocoxites 8 narrow, separated medially, distal margin curved or sinuous; posterolateral angle projected and dentiform not reaching distal margin of gonapophyses 8 (Fig. 5); usually gonocoxites 8 overlapping gonapophyses 8 but at the corner they are detached leaving a hole in between them.</p><p>Comments. The P. stolida type (Museum Zoological, University of Uppsala, Sweden) was examined by Pieter van Doesburg. Material compared with the type was examined, and the female is described here. Paraedessa stolida is recognized by the shape of the gonocoxites 8 and the parameres with two distal expansions instead of one like in other species; lateral expansion of proctiger trapezoidal, narrow and curved. Paraedessa stolida shares with P. albomaculata sp. nov., P. cyanodorsata sp. nov., P. paravinula, P. silvicola sp. nov. and P. subrentangulata sp. nov. the dorsal surface of proctiger whole, without a distal concavity. Lateral expansion of proctiger also present in P. albomaculata sp. nov., P. cyanodorsata sp. nov. and P. subretangulata sp. nov. . Gonocoxites 8 are medially separated like in P. albomaculata sp. nov., P. ecuadoriensis sp. nov., P. heymonsi, P. paravinula and P. verhoeffi .</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 59): SURINAME: Saramacca, Paramaribo, Brokopondo; BRAZIL: Pará, Goiás.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF8ABE1945895FBAFA94FD86	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
03E387ABFF8FBE1945895EA0FCBAF9F4.text	03E387ABFF8FBE1945895EA0FCBAF9F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa albomaculata Silva & Fernandes	<div><p>Paraedessa albomaculata Silva &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures: 11–15, 51, 59)</p><p>Etymology. Named after the white spots at the abdomen’s dorsal surface.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype male. SURINAME. Paramaribo: 12-1-1958, P. H. v. Doesburg Jr. (RMNH).</p><p>Paratypes. SURINAME. Paramaribo: ♀ Paramaribo, 5-10-1957, P. H. v. Doesburg Jr. (UFRG); ♀ 2-11-1958 (RMNH); ♀ ♂ 1963 (RMNH); ♂ no data (UFRG).</p><p>Measurements. Total length: 10.7–11.7; head length: 1.3–1.6; head width: 0.9–1.4; pronotal length: 2.0–2.6; pronotal width: 5.7–6.8; abdominal width: 5.5–6.3; length of antennal segments (I: 0.5–0.9; II: 0.9–1.2; III: 1.0– 1.4; IV: 2.3–2.4; V: 2.9).</p><p>Male: Dorsal rim of pygophore concave and slightly furrowed; posterolateral angle not developed (Figs. 11– 13). Genital cup processes triangular, long, concave and located lateral to proctiger; apex surpassing the posterior limits of the pygophore (Figs. 11–13). Parameres flat, narrow; distal margin sloping; anterior expansion digitiform and long, single distal expansion truncate and lateroposteriorly directed (Figs. 11-14); apex not surpassing posterior limits of pygophore in dorsal view (Fig. 11–12). Dorsal face of proctiger as long as wide, entire, without a distal shallow concavity. Lateral face of proctiger with slight constriction (Fig. 11). Lateral expansion of proctiger cordiform, narrow, twice as wide as anal opening, posteriorly curved, projected dorsally beyond above the dorsal face (Figs. 11–13). Ventral rim with lobes not reaching level of posterolateral angle (Fig. 13).</p><p>Female: Gonocoxites 8 narrow, with sinuous distal margin, medially separated; posterolateral angle projected and dentiform, reaching or surpassing posterior margin of gonapophyses 8 (Fig. 15); gonocoxites 8 overlapping gonapophyses 8 for most of its length.</p><p>Comments. Paraedessa albomaculata sp. nov. is recognized by the cordiform shape of the lateral expansion of proctiger; genital cup processes triangular and long; the shape of gonocoxites 8. This species and P. stolida have very similar gonocoxites 8, but in P. albomaculata they are wider and the angle is rounded instead of acute ( P. stolida), and reaches or surpasses the distal margin of gonapophyses 8. This species and P. silvicola sp. nov., share the distal margin of parameres sloping and distal part of the paramere truncate and curved.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 59): SURINAME: Paramaribo.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF8FBE1945895EA0FCBAF9F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
03E387ABFF8FBE1645895A8DFA3CFCAE.text	03E387ABFF8FBE1645895A8DFA3CFCAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa cyanodorsata Silva & Fernandes	<div><p>Paraedessa cyanodorsata Silva &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures: 16–20, 52, 59)</p><p>Etymology. The specific name makes reference to the blue coloration of the dorsal face of the abdomen. Material examined. Holotype male. VENEZUELA. Zulia: Rio Escalante 30km de Santa Cruz, 26-IX-1951 (MPEG).</p><p>Paratypes. COSTA RICA. Puntarenas: ♀ Reserva Biológica Carara, Estação Quebrada Bonita, 50 m, 4-6- Fev-1993, R. Guzmán, LN 194500_ 469850 (INBio); ♀ Fev-1994, J. C. Saborio, LS 194500_469850 #2641; ♀ Abr-1994, J. Saborio, LN 194500_469850 #2814 (INBio); ♂ Dic-1994, J. C. Saborio, LN 194500_469850 #3327 (INBio); 2 ♀ Parque Nacional Manuel Antonio, Quepos, 80 m, Abr-1992, C. Cano, LS 370900_448800 #1181 (INBio). PANAMÁ: Portobelo: ♀ Colón, Almirante, 10-2-1935, John Deal. (UFRG); ♂ Gatum Spillway, C. Z. 9° 17’ N 79º 56’W, 13-Jan-1973, D. Engleman (UFRG). VENEZUELA: Yaracuy: ♀ San Felipe La Palmita, 20-IX- 1951 (MIZA); Zulia: ♀ Kasmera, Rio Yesa Sierra de Perija 250m, 14-IX-1961, O. J. Rosales, F. Fernandez (MIZA); ♂ 19-IX-1961 (UFRG).</p><p>Measurements. Total length: 10.1–12.9; head length: 1.1–1.5; head width: 2.5–2.7; pronotal length: 2.3–2.7; pronotal width: 6.5–7.2; abdominal width: 6.2–6.8; length of antennal segments (I: 0.5–0.8; II: 11.0–1.2; III: 1.2– 1.6; IV: 2.7–3.0; V: 2.4–2.8).</p><p>Male: Pygophore with dorsal rim concave and transversally grooved (Fig. 16); posterolateral angle not developed (Figs. 16, 18). Genital cup processes triangular, straight, small, slightly concave medially, located lateral to proctiger, not surpassing dorsal rim (Figs. 16–17). Parameres flat, furrowed, barely concave; anterior expansion large and subtriangular, distal half of parameres with both acuminate lobes (lo) almost equally long, upper lobe square and bigger than lower lobe (Fig. 17, 19); apex laterally curved (Figs. 17, 19) surpassing dorsal rim. Dorsal face of proctiger as long as wide, whole, without a distal shallow concavity (Figs. 16–17). Lateral face of proctiger with a strong constriction forming a narrow bridge that connects the dorsal face to the expansion of proctiger (Figs. 16–17). Lateral expansion of proctiger subrectangular, narrow, twice as wide as the anal opening, projected dorsally up to level of dorsal face (Figs. 16–18). Ventral rim with lobes developed, not reaching level of posterolateral angle (Fig. 18).</p><p>Female: Gonocoxites 8 rectangular (excluding the posterolateral angle), contiguous medially; posterolateral angle dentiform, surpassing the level of gonapophyses 8 (Fig. 20); gonocoxites 8 overlapping gonapophyses 8 but they are detached in most of its extension leaving a big hole in between them.</p><p>Comments. Paraedessa cyanodorsata sp. nov. is reconized by the subrectangular form of the lateral expansion of proctiger; shape of the parameres; gonocoxites 8 rectangular (excluding the dentiform angle), medially contiguous and posterolateral angle surpassing the posterior margin of gonapophyses 8. This species can be confused with P. subretangulata sp. nov. because of the shape of the lateral expansion of proctiger and the small reduction of gonocoxites 8 when compared with the others species. However, for males, the shape of the parameres is enough to separate them. Also, P. cyanodorsata females’ show the gonapophyses 8 more exposed.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 59): COSTA RICA: Puntarenas; PANAMÁ: Portobelo; VENEZUELA: Yaracuy, Zulia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF8FBE1645895A8DFA3CFCAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
03E387ABFF80BE1545895F48FB18F84E.text	03E387ABFF80BE1545895F48FB18F84E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa ecuadoriensis Silva & Fernandes	<div><p>Paraedessa ecuadoriensis Silva &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures: 21–25, 53, 59)</p><p>Etymology. The specific name makes reference to the country where most of the specimens were collected.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype male. ECUADOR. Napo: Tena, 7-Mar-1982, G. Couturier &amp; G. Onoré coll. Bord du Fleuve (MNHN).</p><p>Paratypes. COLOMBIA. Meta: ♂ Villavicencio, Bosque de Bavaria, nr. Rio Guatiquia 3–5-VII-2013, J. E. Eger &amp; A. A. Calixo, coll., N 04°10.657’, W 073°38.852’, 1684 ft. elev. (JEE); ♂ 2♀ Vic. GunavicheEstadero, nr. Rio Guatiquia, 3–5-VII-2013, J. E. Eger &amp; A. A. Calixto, coll., N 04°10.506’, W 073°38.233’, 1465 ft. elev (JEE). ECUADOR. Sucumbios: ♂ Shushufinde, F 2. 3 c10. d 11-XI-82, R. Desmier de Chenon (UFRG); ♀ San Pablo de Kantesiya, 17-Abr-1985, G. Couturier rec. Fauchage chauy de Zea Mays (UFRG); Napo: ♀ Santa Cecilia, 20–28-Jul-1966, C. R. Patrick (JEE); ♂ Coca, Juillet, 1982, G. Onoré Coll. Sur Les Peuilles de Elasis guinaensis (MNHN); ♂ 6-Mar-1982. G. Couturier &amp; G. Onoré Coll, 32 km de Puyo chamo de cannes (MNHN); 3♂ 3♀ Vic. Puerto Misahuallí, 1650–1900 ft, 6–19-IX-1998, J. E. Eger, coll.; 1°02’4.2” S lat., 77°39’49.2” W lon., Mercury vapor and Ultraviolet Lights (JEE); ♀ Estación Biológia Jatun Sacha, July-31-1989, Paul. H. Freytag, Tom Myers (JEE); Orellana: ♂ Estación Cientifica Yasuní. 5-10-1999. 00° 40’ 28” S, 76° 38’50” W.UV light. Coll. E. G. Riley, 215m (TAMU); ♂ 4 ♀ Yasuni National Park, Yasuni Research Station, 76°36’W 0° 38’S, 3–20-XI-1998, T. Pape &amp; B. Vicklund (NHRS); ♂ Yasuni Research Satation, 19–30-Oct-1998, W. J. Hanson, 250 m (JEE); ♂ Lake Limoncocha, Sacha Lodge Station 900’ El. 24–27-June-1980 col. Dan Bogar (JEE); ♂ 9-II- 1974. 300 m. Drummond, B. coll. (JEE).</p><p>Measurements. Total length: 11.2–12.5; head length: 1.2–1.4; head width: 2.5–2.6; pronotal length: 2.2–2.5; pronotal width: 6.6–7.3; abdominal width: 6.1–6.8; length of antennal segments (I: 0.6–0.8; II: 1.1–1.2; III: 1.5– 1.6; IV: 2.5–2.7; V: 2.7).</p><p>Male: Pygophore with dorsal rim slightly concave (Fig. 21), furrowed and posterolateral angle poorly developed (Figs. 21, 23). Genital cup process ogival, long, curved, located lateral to proctiger; apex rounded, curved posteriorly, surpassing the dorsal rim in lateral view (Figs. 21–22). Parameres flat, mesial surface shallowly concave; anterior expansion digitiform and short, apex bifid due to small dark lobes (Figs. 21–22, 24); apex barely surpassing dorsal rim in lateral view (Fig. 22). Dorsal face of proctiger twice as wide as long; with a distal shallow concavity (Figs. 21–22). Lateral face of proctiger with a slight constriction (Fig. 21). Lateral expansion of proctiger trapezoidal to cordiform, large, three or more times wider than the anal opening, concave; apices rounded and directed posteriorly, projected dorsally, almost reaching the level of dorsal face (Figs. 21–23). Ventral rim with developed lobes, not reaching the level of the posterolateral angles (Fig. 23).</p><p>Female: Gonocoxites 8 subtriangular, greatly reduced, laterally displaced and widely separated medially; posterolateral angle not notably developed or projected and contiguous with gonapophyses 8 (Fig. 25). Gonocoxites 8 overlapping gonapophyses 8 in all of its extension.</p><p>Comments. Paraedessa ecuadoriensis sp. nov. is recognized by having an ogival genital cup process; parameres with bifid apex; lateral expansion of proctiger trapezoidal or cordiform; gonocoxites 8 subtriangular and greatly reduced. This species shares the lateral face of the proctiger slightly constricted with P. albomaculata sp. nov., P. heymonsi, P. paravinula, P. silvicola sp. nov., P. stolida and P. verhoeffi . The species P. ecuadoriensis sp. nov., P. heymonsi and P. verhoeffi have the dorsal face of proctiger with distal shallow concavity and gonocoxites 8 greatly reduced.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 59): COLOMBIA: Meta; ECUADOR: Sucumbios, Napo, Orellana.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF80BE1545895F48FB18F84E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
03E387ABFF82BE1345895CB8FACCFA8B.text	03E387ABFF82BE1345895CB8FACCFA8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa heymonsi (Breddin 1904) Breddin 1904	<div><p>Paraedessa heymonsi (Breddin, 1904) n. comb.</p><p>(Figures: 26–30, 54, 59)</p><p>Edessa heymonsi Breddin, 1904:147; 1907: 327-329; Bergroth, 1908: 178; Kirkaldy, 1909:158. Holotype male. Peru, Marcapata (SDEI). Examined.</p><p>Material examined. PERU. Huanuco: ♂ ♀ Tingo Maria National Park, Tingo Maria, 660 m. 11–17-IV-1987, J. E. Eger coll. (JEE); ♀ Tingo Maria Monson Valley, 26-X-1954, E. I. Schlinger &amp; E. S. Ross collectors (CAS); ♂ Cueva de las Pavas Canyon, 2600’, 8 km S. Tingo Maria, 11–17-IV-1987, J. E. Eger, coll. (JEE); ♂ 2 ♀ 28-IV- 1987, J. Ch. de Vela, coll. (JEE); ♀ IV-1988, J. Ch. de Vela, coll. (JEE); 2 ♀ Cueva de las Lechuzas, S. of Tingo Maria, 21-IX-1988, J. Ch. de Vela, coll.(JEE); ♀ 30-IX-1988, J. Ch. de Vela, coll. (JEE); ♂ Tambillo Chico Canyon, 13 km S. Tingo Maria, 2800’, 11–17-IV-1987, J. E. Eger, coll. (JEE); ♀ 19-VI-1987, 2800’, J. Ch. de Vela, coll.(JEE); ♀ 3-V-1988, 2800’, J. Ch. de Vela, coll. (JEE); Madre de Dios: ♂ ♀ Amazonas Lodge, nr. Atalaya, 495’, 10–14-XI-2007, Malaise Trap, J. B. Heppner (JEE). BOLIVIA. La Paz: 7 ♂ 7 ♀ Prov. Sud Yungas, Puente Villa. 4300, 19–24-V-1989, J. E. Eger. Coll. (JEE); ♂ ♀ (UFRG); 2 ♂ ♀ 21 km, W. Chulumani 4050, 27-V-1989, J. E. Eger, Coll. (JEE); ♀ Uyapi (Guanay) october-1993, G. Arriagada (JEE); El Palmar: ♂ Chaparé (900 Mt), IX- 1956, Dirings (MZSP); Beni: ♀ Rurrenabaque (175 Mt), X-1956, Dirings (MZSP); ♂ 15-20 km, 13–19-X-2004, R. F. Morris &amp; J. E. Wappes (JEE); Cochabamba: ♀Villa Tunari, 6616 Dd, 21-II-1981, D. Foster (JEE); ♀ 22-II- 1981, A. Ferrufino, D. Foster, Sweepnet (JEE).</p><p>Measurements. Total length: 11.6–12.7; head length: 1.1-1.4; head width: 2.4–3.0; pronotal length: 2.4–2.6; pronotal width: 7.0–7.8; abdominal width: 6.8–7.0; length of antennal segments (I: 0.5–0.6; II: 1.0–1.2; III: 1.1– 1.6; IV: 1.9–2.6; V: 2.5–2.7).</p><p>Male: Pygophore with dorsal rim slightly concave, rugose and posterolateral angle not developed (Fig. 26). Genital cup processes subtriangular, small, slightly concave, emerging closer to posterolateral angle; apex rounded, surpassing the dorsal rim in lateral view (Fig. 27). Parameres flat, falcate and small; anterior expansion digitiform and short (Figs. 26-27, 29); apex acute (Figs. 27, 29) not reaching the dorsal rim. Dorsal face of proctiger short, with a distal shallow concavity (Figs. 26–27). Lateral face of proctiger with slight constriction (Fig. 26). Expansion of posterior face projected dorsally, not reaching the level of dorsal face (Figs. 26–27). Lateral expansion of proctiger well developed, triangular, large, four or more times wider than anal opening and gently curved (Fig. 27). Ventral rim posteriorly projected with lobes developed, surpassing the level of posterolateral angle and hiding proctiger in ventral view (Fig. 28).</p><p>Female: Gonocoxites 8 half-moon shaped, greatly reduced, laterally placed, widely separated medially; distal angle dentiform, long, projected, closer to middle line than proximal angle and contiguous with gonapophyses 8 (Fig. 30). Gonocoxites 8 overlapping gonapophyses 8 in all of its extension.</p><p>Comments. Paraedessa heymonsi is recognized by having the genital cup processes small, subtriangular and emerging close to posterolateral angle that is not so developed as in other species, this impression is reinforced by ventral rim projected occulting proctiger in ventral view. Other helpful characteristics to recognize this species are parameres with the apex acute; dorsal face of proctiger short, three times wider than long; lateral expansion of proctiger triangular, much more developed than in other species; gonocoxites 8 with distal angle closer to middle line than proximal angle. This species shares the large lateral expansion of proctiger with P. ecuadoriensis sp. nov., P. paravinula, P. silvicola sp. nov. and P. verhoeffi . The parameres with apex acute and dorsoposteriorly directed is shared with P. verhoeffi .</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 59): PERU: Huanuco, Marcapata, Madre de Dios; BOLIVIA: La Paz, El Palmar, Beni.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF82BE1345895CB8FACCFA8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
03E387ABFF85BE1145895946FCEFFD87.text	03E387ABFF85BE1145895946FCEFFD87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa paravinula (Barber 1935) Barber 1935	<div><p>Paraedessa paravinula (Barber, 1935) n. comb.</p><p>(Figures: 31–35, 55, 59)</p><p>Edessa paravinula Barber, 1935: 1 –3; 1939: 302–30. Edessa affinis Wolcott, 1922: 5; 1923: 46.</p><p>Edessa sp. Barber, 1923: 12; Wolcott, 1924: 253; 1933: 99. Holotype male. Puerto Rico, Aibonito (AMNH). Examined.</p><p>Material examined. PUERTO RICO. Rio Grande: 3 ♂ Caribbean National Forest, El Yunque, 28-VII-1999, On Cachimbo plants, J. Brambila, 2000 ft. (JEE); Caribe: ♀ ♂ Luquillo Div., El Yunque Rec. Ar, 26-V-86, E. G. Riley &amp; D. A. Rider (DAR); Mayagüez: ♂ ♀105, K16, 25-Jul-1979, L. B. O’ Brien &amp; Marshall (JEE); ♀ 16-Set-1937. Coll. NS. M. Hudders (UFRG); Jayuya: ♂ 18-11-1934 col. J. J. Users (UFRG); ♀ 18-12-1939 col. N. U. Users (TAMU); Yau co - Lares: ♀ km 29, 20-Jan-1954, J. Maldonado, S. Medina colls (DAR); Adjuntas: 2 ♂ 8 ♀ Guillarte Forest Reserve, VIII-2-1999, P. W. Kovarik collector, beating vegetation. (JEE); 2 ♂ along Rt.-131, 2- VIII-1999, P. W. Kovarik, beating. (JEE); ♂ Trail to Mt. Guilliarte summit, 5-VIII-1999, P. W. Kovarik collector. (JEE); 5 ♀ VIII-5-1999, C. W. O’ Brien, P. W. Kovarik. (JEE); Ponce: ♂ 2 ♀ S. of Salto de Doña Juana, 24-III- 2011, J. E. Eger; 18°10’50.07” N, 66° 30’46.66” W., Elevation 1994 ft., on Impatiens sp. (JEE); Barranquitas: 3 ♀ ♂ 28-Fev-1937. Coll. E. Colón (TAMU); Humacao: 3 ♂ ♀ Casa Cabuy, Hwy 191, nr. Florida, 31-VII–2-VIII- 1999, J. E. Eger. (JEE); ♂ J. E. Eger, MV &amp; UV Lights (JEE).</p><p>Measurements. Total length: 10.0–12.0; head length: 1.2–1.5; head width: 2.2–2.4; pronotal length: 2.1–2.3; pronotal width: 6.0–6.8; abdominal width: 5.6–6.7; length of antennal articles (I: 0.5–0.6; II: 0.9–1.2; III: 1.1–1.2; IV: 1.2–2.0; V: 1.8–2.2).</p><p>Male: Dorsal rim of the pygophore concave, smooth, with a small constriction (Fig. 31) near the developed posterolateral angles (Figs. 31, 33). Genital cup process half-moon shaped, concave, located just above the proctiger, not surpassing the dorsal rim (Figs. 31–32). Parameres linguiform and short, anterior expansion small and subtriangular (Figs, 32, 34); apex not surpassing the dorsal rim (Figs. 31–32). Dorsal face of the proctiger wider than long, entire, without a distal shallow concavity (Figs. 31–32). Lateral face of proctiger slightly constricted (Fig. 31). Lateral expansion of proctiger projected dorsally, above the dorsal face (Figs 31–32); large, three or more times wider than the anal opening, slightly curved; lateral arms ventrally curved at apex; proctiger in posterior view “T”-shaped (Figs. 31–33). Ventral rim with lobes developed, not reaching the posterolateral angle level (Fig. 33). Ventral rim with dark punctures, concentrated at the sides and below the median excavation.</p><p>Female: Gonocoxites 8 narrowing gradually to middle line; sutural border medially noncontiguous to contiguous and with small distal tooth; posterolateral angle rounded and not particularly developed, surpassing distal margin of the gonapophyses 8 (Fig. 35). Gonocoxites 8 overlapping gonapophyses 8 in all of its extension.</p><p>Comments. The Paraedessa paravinula type (AMNH) was examined by Pieter van Doesburg, who identified the deposited material in Leiden. This material was used here. This species can be easily recognized by the genital cup process shape and position; parameres linguiform with a rounded apex; proctiger “T”-shaped in posterior view; shape and position of the gonocoxites 8. Paraedessa paravinula as well as P. albomaculata sp. nov., P. silvicola sp. nov. and P. stolida has the expansion of the proctiger dorsally projected beyond the dorsal surface.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 59): PUERTO RICO: Aibonito, Arecibo, Cayey, Rio Grande, Mayagüez, Jayuya, Adjuntas, Cidra, Yauco-Lares, Ponce, Barranquitas, Humacao.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF85BE1145895946FCEFFD87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
03E387ABFF87BE1045895EA0FC51FD3E.text	03E387ABFF87BE1045895EA0FC51FD3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa silvicola Silva & Fernandes	<div><p>Paraedessa silvicola Silva &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures: 36–39, 56, 59)</p><p>Etymology. The specific name is related to the species’ habitat.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype male. FRENCH GUIANA. Saint Laurent du Maroni: Haut Maroni, La Forestiére, Jun, coll. Le Moult (MNHN).</p><p>Measurements. Total length: 10.4; head length: 1.2; head width: 2.3; pronotal length: 2.1; pronotal width: 6.1; abdominal width: 5.4; length of antennal segments (I: 0.5; II: 0.9; III: 1.2).</p><p>Male: Pygophore with dorsal rim concave (Fig. 36) and furrowed; posterolateral angles developed (Fisg. 36, 38). Genital cup processes subtriangular, large, shallowly concave, located lateral to proctiger (Fig. 37); apex posteriorly projected and surpassing dorsal rim in lateral view (Figs. 36–37). Parameres flat, subtriangular; anterior expansion triangular and large, distal margin sloping, distal expansion truncate and directed lateroposteriorly; apex expanded downwards and not surpassing dorsal rim (Figs. 37, 39). Dorsal face of the proctiger as long as wide, whole, without a distal shallow concavity (Figs. 36–37). Lateral face of the proctiger slightly constricted (Fig. 36). Lateral expansion of proctiger trapezoidal, large, three or more times wider than the anal opening, and curved; projected dorsally, beyond the dorsal face, apex of lateral arms rounded and posteriorly projected (Figs. 36–38). Ventral rim with lobes not reaching the posterolateral angle level (Fig. 38).</p><p>Comments. The new species Paraedessa silvicola is recognized by having posterolateral angles more developed than in other species; shape of parameres and ventral rim of the pygophore with shallow excavation.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 59): FRENCH GUIANA: Saint Laurent du Maroni.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF87BE1045895EA0FC51FD3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
03E387ABFF86BE0F45895EF8FCE4FE33.text	03E387ABFF86BE0F45895EF8FCE4FE33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa subretangulata Silva & Fernandes	<div><p>Paraedessa subretangulata Silva &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures: 40–44, 57, 59)</p><p>Etymology. The specific name makes reference to the shape of the lateral expansion of proctiger.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype male. COSTA RICA. Puntarenas: Estacion Esquinas, Península de Osa., 200m, Set–1993, M. Segura, LS 301400_542200 #2372 (INBio).</p><p>Paratypes. NICARAGUA. Rio San Juan: ♂ Refugio Bartola 51 m. VIII-5-15-2002. 10.97254º N 084.33906º W. Coll. R. M. Caesar (TAMU). COSTA RICA. Puntarenas: ♂ Parque Nacional Corcovado, Estação Sirena, 0– 100 m, Set-1989, G. Fonseca, 270500 _508300 (INBio). COLOMBIA. Tolima: 3♂ 5 ♀ Ibague, 6-VII-2013, J. E. Eger &amp; A. A. Calixo, N 04°25.938’, W 075°12.403’, 1285 m (JEE); ♀ Flandes, 6-VII-2013, J. E. Eger &amp; A. A. Calixo, N 04°15.280’, W 074°50.846’, 375 m (JEE). VENEZUELA. Distrito Federal: El Valle, ♂ 29-XII-1943, Em Ca ssia alata, col. H. Perez (UFRG); 2 ♂ ♀ 2-VII-1953, F. Fernandéz, em ilora e dália (MIZA); 2 ♀ (UFRG); ♂ ♀ (NHRM); ♂ ♀ (RMNH); ♂ 10-VII-1955, col. E. Garcia (MHNS); ♂ La Florida, 10-IX-1940, Ex. colection C. H. Ballou Min. Agricultura (MIZA); Zulia: ♀ Sierra de Perija, Cajmera, 13-IV-1960 (MHNS); ♂ El Limon 450 m, 25-II-1967, M. Gelbes (UFRG); ♀ Em verba paca, col. R. Fenjues (MIZA); Lara: ♀ Fazenda Santa Helena, cabudaze, 25-VIII-1951, col. P. Fenjues (MIZA); Yaracuy: ♀ Bananera, 29-III-1949, F. Fernandez (MIZA); ♂ ♀ San Javier, 3-VI-1966, col. E. Osuna (MIZA); Aragua: ♀ La Providencia, Turgus, 21-10-91 (MHNS); ♂ 21–23- III-2005, Puerto Colombia vill, Env (ca 30 km N of Maracay city), N 10° 30’ 31,8”; W 67° 36’ 18.5”, 8 m. a. s.i, Janista P &amp; Musilová Z. lgt. (NMPC).</p><p>Measurements. Total length: 10.7–12.4; head length: 1.1–1.4; head width: 2.4–2.5; pronotal length: 2.4–2.7; pronotal width: 6.1–7.4; abdominal width: 6.1–7.0; length of antennal segments (I: 0.5–0.9; II: 0.8–1.1; III: 1.1– 1.6; IV: 1.7–2.6; V: 1.9–2.6).</p><p>Male: Pygophore with dorsal rim concave and furrowed (Fig. 40); posterolateral angles developed (Figs. 40, 42). Genital cup processes triangular, small, concave, located lateral to proctiger and not surpassing dorsal rim (Fig. 41). Parameres flat, triangular, long and barely concave (Figs 40–41); anterior expansion small and subtriangular, distal half with two acuminate lobes (lo), upper lobe clearly bigger than the lower that is tiny to inconspicuous (Figs. 41, 43); acute apex laterally curved not surpassing dorsal rim (Fig. 42). Dorsal face of proctiger as long as wide, entire, without a distal shallow concavity (Figs. 40–41). Lateral face of proctiger with a strong constriction forming a narrow bridge that connects the dorsal face to the proctiger expansion (Figs. 40–41). Lateral expansion of proctiger subrectangular, narrow, twice as wide as the anal opening; margin rounded (Figs. 40–42); projected dorsally to the level of the dorsal face (Figs. 40–41). Ventral rim with lobes slightly developed, not reaching the level of the posterolateral angle (Fig. 42).</p><p>Female: Gonocoxites 8 rectangular (excluding the posterolateral angle), medially contiguous, posterolateral angle dentiform, reaching or barely surpassing the posterior margin of gonapophyses 8 (Fig. 44). gonocoxites 8 overlapping gonapophyses 8 but they are slightly detached at the lateral corners leaving a small hole in between them.</p><p>Comments. Paraedessa subretangulata sp. nov. is identified by a small genital cup process; distal half of the parameres; lateral expansion of the proctiger subrectangular; gonocoxites 8 with posterolateral angle dentiform and reaching or barely surpassing the posterior margin of gonapophyses 8. This species shares with P. cyanodorsata sp. nov. shape of the lateral expansion of proctiger; strong constriction on lateral face of proctiger and gonocoxites 8 rectangular.</p><p>Distribuition (Fig. 59): NICARAGUA: Rio San Juan; COSTA RICA: Puntarenas; COLOMBIA: Tolima; VENEZUELA: Distrito Federal, Zulia, Lara, Yaracuy, Aragua.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF86BE0F45895EF8FCE4FE33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
03E387ABFF98BE0B45895CB8FE35FF6F.text	03E387ABFF98BE0B45895CB8FE35FF6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraedessa verhoeffi (Breddin 1904) Breddin 1904	<div><p>Paraedessa verhoeffi (Breddin, 1904) n. comb.</p><p>(Figures: 45–49, 58, 59)</p><p>Edessa verhoeffi Breddin, 1904: 149; Bergroth, 1908: 179; Kirkaldy, 1909: 166. Holotype female. Colômbia, Cauca. (SDEI). Examined.</p><p>Material examined. VENEZUELA. Amazonas: ♂ Maturaca, 6-IV-64, Col. J. Bechyne (MIZA). COLÔMBIA. Amazonas: ♀ W. O Tarapacá Vereda San José km 6 Escuela Sabio Caldas Leticia, 29-May-1992, A. Saenz, leg. (UFRG); ♂ 5-Jun-1992. (UFRG). PERU. Loreto: 4 ♀ 7 ♂ Explorama Lodge 50 mi NE Iquitos on Amazon R. 12– 19-III-1988, J. E. Eger. Col (JEE); ♀ 80 km NE Iquitos, Explorama Lodge, 1 km from Amazon R. on R. Yanamono; 1– 5 -IX, J. Castner, P. Skelley et al., human dung pitfall. (JEE); ♀ (UFRG). BRAZIL. Amazonas: 2 ♂ ♀ Manaus, Reserva Ducke, Em 5–68 col. E.V. Silva &amp; A. Faustino (INPA); ♂ ♀ Manacapuru, Mar-1928, S. M. Klages (KSBS); ♀ Benjamim Constant, Rio Javari, 2-1942, B. Pohl (MZUSP); ♂ Estirão do Equador 04°33’S, 71° 38’ W (Rio Javari) X-1979, Alvarenga, M. Col. (UFRG).</p><p>Measurements. Total length: 10.1–12.1; head length: 1.0–1.4; head width: 2.4–2.6; pronotal length: 2.3–2.5; pronotal width: 6.3–7.2; abdominal width: 5.4–6.7; length of antennal segments (I: 0.4–0.5; II: 1.0–1.1; III: 1.2– 1.6; IV: 2.3–2.7; V: 2.3–2.8).</p><p>Male: Pygophore with dorsal rim concave and furrowed (Fig. 45); posterolateral angles not developed (Figs. 45, 47). Genital cup processes elongated, narrowed gradually towards the apex, barely concave, emerging near proctiger; rounded to acuminated apex, slightly surpassing the dorsal rim in lateral view (Fig. 46). Parameres flat, triangular, long and curved; anterior expansion digitiform and small (Figs. 45–46, 48); apex acute and surpassing dorsal rim in lateral view, surpassing the posterior limits of the pygophore in ventral view (Fig. 47). Dorsal face of proctiger very short; with distal shallow concavity (Figs. 45–46). Lateral face of the proctiger with a slight constriction (Fig. 45). Lateral expansion of proctiger trapezoidal, curved, large, three times wider than the anal opening and with acute lateral angles; projected dorsally, almost reaching the dorsal face (Figs. 45–46). Ventral rim with lobes slightly developed, not reaching level of posterolateral angle (Fig. 47).</p><p>Female: Gonocoxites 8 half-moon shaped, greatly reduced, laterally placed, widely separated medially; proximal angle closer to middle line than distal angle; distal angle dentiform, short, curved and contiguous with gonapophyses 8 (Fig. 49). Gonocoxites 8 overlapping gonapophyses 8 in all of its extension.</p><p>Comments. This is the first description of the male. Paraedessa verhoeffi is identified by the elongated genital cup process, with rounded to acuminated apex; parameres triangular; dorsal face of the proctiger very short compared with other species, around four times as wide as long; ventral rim slightly excavated and gonocoxites 8 half-moon shaped with proximal angle closer to middle line than distal angle. This species and P. ecuadoriensis sp. nov., P. silvicola sp. nov. and P. stolida share a quite similar shape of the lateral expansion of proctiger. This species share some similarities in the genitalia of both sexes with P. heymonsi .</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 59): VENEZUELA: Amazonas; COLÔMBIA: Cauca, Amazonas; PERU: Loreto; BRAZIL: Amazonas.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387ABFF98BE0B45895CB8FE35FF6F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes;Fernandes, José Antônio Marin	Nunes, Valéria Juliete Da Silva Benedito Mendes, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2013): Paraedessa, a new genus of Edessinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3716 (3): 395-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.4
