identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E31C49FFD53239FF37FE68FD120695.text	03E31C49FFD53239FF37FE68FD120695.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia McLachlan 1880	<div><p>Genus Stactobia McLachlan</p><p>Stactobia McLachlan 1880, 505. Type species: Hydroptila fuscicornis Schneider, by subsequent designation (Mosely 1933).</p><p>Diagnosis. Nine hydroptilid genera, Hydroptila Dalman, Microptila Ris, Orthotrichia Eaton, Oxyethira Eaton, Plethus Hagen, Pseudoxyethira Schmid, Stactobiella Martynov, Ugandatrichia Mosely, and Stactobia McLachlan, have been found in Japan (Ito 2017). Among these genera, the males of Stactobia are distinguished from those of other genera in Japan by a combination of the following character states: Head with 3 ocelli and large ellipsoidal posterolateral warts, lozenge-shaped mesoscutellum with transverse suture, meso- and metanota without any setal warts, tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4 or 0, 2, 4, and ventral process of abdominal segment VII long and thickened apically.</p><p>The final instar larva of this genus is clearly discriminated from those of other hydroptilid genera by large semicircular sclerites of tergum IX, each bearing posterior edge with striped ‘crenellations’ or ‘crenels’ at middle and spines laterally.</p><p>Description. Adult (modified after Marshall 1979). Head with 3 ocelli, posterodorsal warts (postoccipital lobes) large, oval (Fig. 1A). Antennae 18–25 segmented. Maxillary palpi each 5-segmented, 2 basal segments short, other segments cylindrical. Labial palpi each 3-segmented, basal segment short, other segments cylindrical. Pronotum with pairs of round mesal and round lateral warts; mesoscutellum lozenge shaped, with horizontal suture; metascutellum trapezoidal (Fig. 1A). Wings black, acuminate, densely covered with long black hairs; length of each forewing 1.4–4.0 mm. Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4 or 0, 2, 4.</p><p>Male (e.g., Figs 1B–1F): Sternite VIII displaced posteriorly. Segment IX reduced ventrally, often produced anteriorly as pair of internal lateral apodemes. Tergite X semimembranous. Subgenital appendages variable in development. Inferior appendages small, rarely elongate. Phallus long, almost straight, often considerably developed but sometimes slender and simple, usually with dilated, heavily sclerotized spines, membranous apex. Ventral process of sternite VII long, sinuous and thickened apically.</p><p>Female (e.g., Figs 1G– 1I): Ventral process of abdominal sternum VI very small, often indistinct due to dense setae. Tergite and sternite of segment VII fused laterally. Segment VIII short, semimembranous with long pair of internal apodemes extending anteriorly and marginal setae posteriorly. Segments IX and X very small, membranous, terminated by pair of cerci. Morphological diagnosis of species generally not possible for females currently.</p><p>Larva. Final instar larva (e.g., Figs 2A–2M): Known for several species (Vaillant 1951; Botosaneanu &amp; Levanidova 1988; Waringer &amp; Graf 2011). Case-bearing, cases usually fixed on substrate (Figs 3F, 3G). Sclerotized parts of body brown to dark brown in most species. Thorax and abdomen dorsoventrally flattened (depressed), massive, well sclerotized. Head subquadrate, suture indistinct, antennae near anterolateral corners, seta 9 (sensu Wiggins 1996) longest, about 1.5 times head width; labrum symmetrical; mandibles robust, slightly asymmetrical. Thorax covered with large subquadrate dorsal plates, with several long setae on anterodorsal corners and many short setae on anterior margins and middle area; in some species sternites with very short, wide sclerites. Thoracic legs robust, all legs similar in form and length, tibiae with 2 short spines on subapical anteroventral corner, basal seta of tarsal claws thick, slightly sinuate. Abdominal segments more or less flattened dorsoventrally (depressed), each with dorsal tergite; tergite on segment I wide short rectangular; tergites on segments II–VII broadly rectangular, each with median small round area of chloride epithelia (dorsal ring of Marshall 1979; chloride epithelia? of Botosaneanu &amp; Levanidova 1988); tergite VIII large subquadrate with spinose posterior margin; tergite IX large semicircular, characteristic, posterior edge with striped ‘crenellations’ (modified flattened setae of Marshall 1979) or ‘crenels’ (Botosaneanu &amp; Levanidova 1988) at middle edges and spinose at lateral edges. On segment X, lateral sclerites rectangular; paired anal legs strongly curved anterolaterad, anal claws without any accessory hooks.</p><p>Early instar larva (from Marshall 1979, e.g., Figs 3A–3E). Free-living, caseless, dorsoventrally flattened (depressed), with dorsal sclerites on all abdominal segments, paired anal claws gently curved posterolaterad. Case (e.g., Figs 3F, 3G). For most species, cases of final instar larvae made of silk, sometimes together with few mineral particles, composed of ventral and dorsal valves; each with ventral valve forming flat sheet; dorsal valve forming convex dome carried tortoise-like, larger than ventral valve, ends interchangeable, with anterior and posterior hoods concealing larva completely.</p><p>Habitat. Adults of most species found near hygropetric zones: Falls and fast flowing streams with boulders. Japanese name. Kaku-himetobikera-zoku.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFD53239FF37FE68FD120695	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFD6323CFF37FB44FB96065D.text	03E31C49FFD6323CFF37FB44FB96065D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia makartschenkoi Botosaneanu & Levanidova 1988	<div><p>Stactobia makartschenkoi Botosaneanu &amp; Levanidova 1988</p><p>(Figs 1–3, 18)</p><p>Stactobia makartschenkoi Botosaneanu &amp; Levanidova 1988, 169–172, holotype male, larva, case, Kuril Islands (Kunashir). Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki 1996, 55, habitat, Hokkaido (Ishikari), Honshu (Niigata, Shizuoka); Kuhara et al. 2007, 68, Hokkaido (Ishikari); Ito et al. 2010, 57, Hokkaido (Shiribeshi, Hiyama, Oshima); Ito 2013, 51, 80, Hokkaido (Nemuro, Okhotsk).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Stactobia martynovi Species Group, and is distinguished from congeneric Japanese species in the male by the shape of the 2 slender spines of the phallus and in the final instar larva by the shapes and arrangements of the sternites of the pro- and mesothoraces.</p><p>Description. Adult. Antennae black, each 18-segmented. Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Male (Figs 1A–1F). Antennae 0.9–1.0 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 2.0– 2.5 mm and 1.9–2.0 mm, respectively (n = 5).</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII longer than sternite VII, ventral process long, with expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII longitudinally shorter than sternite VIII. Tergite IX with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X membranous pair of with weakly sclerotized oblique bands dorsolaterally. Subgenital appendages (superior appendages of Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki, 1996) very small, transversely linear and sinuous with round mesal ends. Inferior appendages small, rectangular with irregularly protruded margins. Phallus tubular, slightly sinuate, flattened and somewhat broadened at apical 1/3, spoon-shaped apically, with 2 spines internally; spines slender, 20–30 times as long as basal width, slightly sinuate, slightly different in length.</p><p>Female (Figs 1G– 1I). Antennae 0.7–0.8 mm long (n = 3). Length of each forewing and hind wing 2.4–2.7 mm and 2.1–2.6 mm, respectively (n = 3). Internal apparatus ovoid in ventral view.</p><p>Final instar larva (Figs 2A–2M). Sclerites dark brown. Head width up to 0.30 mm, body length up to 2.4 mm. Setae of pro-, meso-, and metanota numbering about 30, 20, and 15, respectively; ecdysial line of mesonotum with notch at posterior 1/5. Two pairs of slender sclerites near posterior margin of prothorax ventrally, anterior one obliquely long, posterior one L-shaped. Pair of very short, transversely wide sclerites near posterior margin of mesothorax ventrally. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Early instar larvae (Figs 3A–3E). Muscular, resembling beetle larva in appearance, dark brown, with many stout setae on head, thorax, and abdomen, length up to 0.9 mm.</p><p>Head. Subtrapezoidal, 0.24 mm wide in penultimate instar; dorsal ecdysial lines distinct, longest seta (seta no. 9, sensu Wiggins 1996) 1.5 times width of head, antennae near anterolateral corners, each with fine seta subapically.</p><p>Thorax. Dorsal ecdysial lines absent. Pronotal plate subquadrate dorsally with pairs of long thick setae and many short, slender setae, short spine-like setae on anterior edge and anterolateral corners. Meso- and metanotal plates wide, lateral margins slightly convex laterally, with 2–3 long stout setae at each anterolateral corner; in total bearing about 28, 12, and 14 setae on pro-, meso-, and metanota, respectively. Thoracic legs short and stout; all legs similar in form; tibial spurs acute apically, each subtended by 2 small spines.</p><p>Abdomen. Tapering from anterior to posterior. Wide rectangular dorsal plates on terga I–VIII and semicircular dorsal plate on tergum IX. Dorsal plates on segments I–VII slightly convex laterally, each with pair of long stout setae laterally and near posterolateral margin, but no setae longer than body width; several short setae dorsally and short spines laterally. Venters of segments I–VIII each with 2 pairs of long setae at setal area 2. Tergite IX with 4 pairs of long stout setae on posterior margin and several short setae dorsally. Anal legs curved anterolaterad, anal claws without accessary hooks.</p><p>Case (Figs 3F, 3G). Made of silk, sometimes incorporating few mineral particles, composed of ventral and dorsal valves; ventral valve flat; dorsal valve dome shaped, longer than ventral valve, with anterior and posterior hoods broader and concealing larva completely, tiny notch at middle edge of anterior and posterior hoods; up to 2.6 mm. Before pupation anterior and posterior edges of cases fixed to substrate and with reduced anterior and posterior hoods.</p><p>Specimens examined. HOKKAIDO. Tokachi: 1 male, Sintoku-cho, Yutomuraushi-gawa, 26.ix.1998, K. Endo. Kamikawa: 22 males, Kamikawa-cho, Pon-rubeshibe-gawa, Keimei-bashi, 11.vi.1998, AO; 13 males, Furano-shi, Yamabe, Honzawa, 19.vii.2006, TI. Ishikari: 50 males, Ishikari-shi, Hamamasu, Shiragane-no-taki, 7.vii.2006 – 8.vii.2009, TI; 53 males, 44 females, 15 pupae, 415 final instar larvae, 9 early instar larvae, Ishikari-shi, Hamamasu, Gokibiru-gawa, 1–37 m a.s.l., 12.vi.2000 – 29.x.2001, TI; 1 male, Sapporo-shi, Mt. Soranuma-dake, 1.vii.1989, NK; 19 males, Sapporo-shi, Takino, 8.vi.1978, TI; 51 males, Sapporo-shi, small stream near Nakayama Pass, 28.vi.1992, NK; 1 male, Eniwa-shi, Rarumanai-no-taki , 6.vii.2017; 5 males, Chitose-shi, Bifue-no-taki , 30.vii.2006, TI &amp; TH. Shiribeshi: 1 male, Otaru-shi, Okusawa, Ana-taki, 12.vii.2001, AO; 21 males, Rankoshicho, Momiji-no-taki , 1–7.vii.1997, K. Okazaki; 6 males, Shimamatsu-mura, Yunosawa-gawa, 10.vi.2009, TI. HONSHU. Iwate: 2 males, Miyako-shi, Kawai-mura, Yakushi-gawa, 500 m a.s.l., 10.viii.1994, TH; 5 males, Nishi-wada-cho, Yuda, Koita-gawa, 12.VIII.1994, TH; 1 male, Kitagami-shi, Motouchi-gawa, small tributary, 20.vi.1997, TH; 9 males, Tono-shi, Tochiuchi, 29.vii.1998, N. Kawase. Miyagi: 2 males, Sendai-shi, Futakuchi, Natori-gawa, 400 m a.s.l., 8.vi.1994, TH. Yamagata: 2 males, Iide-machi, Hirogawara-gawa, Higashi-zawa, 500 m a.s.l., 3.vii.1998, TH. Saitama: 13 males, Chichibu-shi, Otaki-mura, Kudono-sawa, 20.v.1998, TI &amp; AO. Niigata: 1 male, Shibata-shi, Uchinokura-gawa, 200 m a.s.l., 7.vii.1997, TH; 1 male, Itoigawa-shi, Kotaki-gawa, Tsuchikura-zawa, 280 m a.s.l., 11.vi.1998, TH; 1 male, Aga-cho, Kanose, Koara, 13.vi.1998, M. Maruyama; 1 male, Yuzawa-machi, Tsuchitaru, 26.vi.2001, K. Endo. Toyama: 2 males, Nanto-shi, Taira-mura, Nachidani-gawa, 450 m a.s.l., 30.vii.1995, TH. Nagano: 5 males, Kiso-fukushima-cho, Biological Station of Kyoto University, 31.vi.1993, NK. Gifu: 1 male, Takayama-shi, Nyukawa, Kute, Hirayu Tunnel, 20.ix.1998, HN. Hyogo: 4 males, Chigusa-cho, 22.ix.1997, HN. Tottori: 1 male, Misasa-cho, Kijiyama, Tenjin-gawa, tributary, 24.v.1993, NK; 1 male, Nichinan-cho, Yukawa, Wakamatsu-gawa, 580 m a.s.l., 14.ix.2002, TH. Shimane: 1 male, Masuda-shi, Hikimi-cho, Oku-hikimi-kyo, 24.v.1993, NK. Okayama: 1 male, Nagi-cho, Takimoto, Takiyama, 24.ix.2011, KN; 18 males, Kagamino-cho, Koshiwata, 13.viii.2011, KN; 12 males, Kagamino-cho, Kamisaibara, Endo, 14.viii.2011, KN; 5 males, Nagi-cho, Maguwa, 3.v.2012, KN; 4 males, Tsuyama-shi, Okutsugawa, 5.v.2011, KN; 34 males, Maniwa-shi, Hiruzen-kamifuda, 5.v.2016, KN; 5 males, Niimi-shi, Osa-oino, Fushitani, 8.v.2016, KN; 44 males, Nishi-awakura-son, Ogaya, 12.v.2016, KN; 2 males, same locality, 20.vii.2016, KN; 3 males, same locality, 24.vii.2016, KN; 47 males, Tsuyama-shi, Aba, 13.v.2016, KN; 37 males, Tsuyama-shi, Kamo-cho, Kurami, 4.vi.2016; 3 males, Kagamino-cho, Tominishi-dani, Shiraga-keikoku, 26.vi.2016, KN. SHIKOKU. Ehime: 54 males, Uchiko-machi, Odamiyama-keikoku, 800 m a.s.l., 20–22.iv.2000, TI &amp; AO. KYUSHU. Fukuoka: 4 males, Toho-mura, Hushuyama, Houshuyama-gawa, headwater, 8.iv.1997, TN. Nagasaki: 5 males, Isahaya-shi, Takagi-cho, Todoroki-kyo, 18.ix.2000, AO. Oita: 11 males, Kokonoe-machi, Tano, Naruko-gawa, 900 m a.s.l., 18.ix.2002, TH. Kagoshima: 8 males, Okuchi-shi, Kogihara, Jusso-gawa, 480 m a.s.l., 20–21.iv.2004, TH.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 18). Kuril Islands (Kunashir); Hokkaido (Okhotsk, Nemuro, Tokachi, Kamikawa, Ishikari, Shiribeshi, Hiyama, Oshima); Honshu (Iwate, Miyagi, Yamagata, Saitama, Niigata, Toyama, Nagano, Gifu, Hyogo, Tottori, Shimane, Okayama); Shikoku (Ehime); Kyushu (Fukuoka, Nagasaki, Oita, Kagoshima). Newly recorded for Shikoku and Kyushu. This is the most widespread Stactobia species in Japan.</p><p>Habitat and life cycle. The above colleagues and I found larvae and pupae of this species living on smooth rock surfaces of waterfalls and very fast-flowing waters. My monthly collecting in a rapidly flowing stream (Gokibiru-gawa, Ishikari-shi, Ishikari, Hokkaido) during 2000–2001, clearly revealed that this species is univoltine, the adults appearing over summer (June to August).</p><p>Japanese name. Kawa-kaku-himetobikera.</p><p>Remarks. This is the first description of the early instar larva for this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFD6323CFF37FB44FB96065D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFD3323CFF37FE43FB560035.text	03E31C49FFD3323CFF37FE43FB560035.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia kanagawa Ito 2017	<div><p>Stactobia kanagawa sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 4, 18)</p><p>Stactobia makartschenkoi (in part): Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki 1996, 55. Misidentification (a male collected from Shizuoka).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species also belongs to the S. martynovi Species Group. The male of this species resembles that of S. makartschenkoi in the shape of the subgenital appendages and inferior appendages, but clearly differs from the latter by the shape of the phallus: Spoon-shaped with gently convex lateral edges and a roundish sclerite apically in this species, but spoon-shaped without any convex edges or a sclerite in S. makartschenkoi .</p><p>Description. Male (Figs 4A–4G). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.9–1.0 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 1.8–2.0 mm and 1.5–1.6 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII longer than sternite VII, ventral process long, with expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII longitudinally shorter than sternite VIII. Tergite IX with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous with oblique weakly sclerotized areas dorsolaterally. Subgenital appendages very small, transverse, linear, rounded mesally. Inferior appendages small, rectangular with irregularly protruding margins. Phallus tubular, almost straight, gently sinuate in most specimens, spoon-shaped apically with gently convex lateral edges and roundish dorsal sclerite at apical 1/4; 2 slender spines internally, 20–30 times as long as basal width, one of them indistinct due to weak sclerotization in some specimens.</p><p>Final instar larva (Figs 4H–4J). Sclerites dark brown. Head about 0.29 mm wide, body up to 1.9 mm long. Thorax: Setae of nota numbering about 35, 25, and 20, respectively; venter of prothorax with mesal pair of sclerites transversely wide, short, concave laterally, lateral sclerites small, nearly V-shaped; pair of very short and wide sclerites in mesothorax. Abdominal segments I–VIII each with mid dorsal tergite and pair of small round sclerites laterally. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Case (Figs 4K, 4L). Length up to 2.6 mm. Anterior and posterior hoods large, convex, each with tiny notch at middle. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Type series. Holotype. Male, HONSHU, Kanagawa, Yugawara-machi, Makuyama, Niizaki-gawa, 35˚10’02”N, 139˚5’18”E, 200 m a.s.l., 19.iii.1997, TN (CBM-ZI 165991).</p><p>Paratypes. 5 males, same data as holotype (CBM-ZI 165992–165996).</p><p>Other specimens. HONSHU. Kanagawa: 26 males, 4 pupae, 6 final instar larvae, same data as holotype ; 22 males, Minami-ashigara-shi, Yagura-zawa, Kari-gawa, 360 m a.s.l., 28.v.2007, TN (18 males in PTN, 4 males in PTI). Gifu: 1 male, Kokufu-cho, Utsue-gawa, Shijuhachi-taki, 28.v.2001, K. Endo . Shizuoka: 1 male, Amagiyugashima-cho, Funabara-gawa, 550 m a.s.l., 14.v.1995, TH (PTN) . Hyogo: 1 male, Kami-cho, Yamada, 30.iv.2006, K. Inazu. KYUSHU . Oita: 6 males, Nakatsu-shi, Orito-gawa, Fukayabakei, 6.v.1997, HN.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 18). Honshu (Kanagawa, Gifu, Shizuoka, Hyogo); Kyushu (Oita).</p><p>Habitat. Larvae of this species were collected by the above colleagues from rapidly flowing streams.</p><p>Ethymology. The name “ kanagawa ” is a noun in apposition, coined from the type locality.</p><p>Japanese name. Kanagawa-kaku-himetobikera.</p><p>Remarks. I examined a male from Funabara-gawa, Amami-yugashima-cho, Shizuoka, which was recorded as S. makartschenkoi by Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki (1996), and recognized that it belongs to this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFD3323CFF37FE43FB560035	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFD33237FF37F8BBFC3D042D.text	03E31C49FFD33237FF37F8BBFC3D042D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia japonica Iwata 1930	<div><p>Stactobia japonica Iwata 1930</p><p>(Figs 5, 6, 18)</p><p>Stactobia japonica Iwata 1930, 59, larval syntypes, case, Honshu (Gifu, Nagano). Marshall 1979, 167; Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki 1996, 54–55, 60, designation of neotype male, habitat, Honshu (Kanagawa, Nagano, Gifu, Shizuoka); Nozaki 1997, 33, 38, Honshu (Kanagawa); Nozaki 2004, 1234, Honshu (Kanagawa); Moriya &amp; Kubota 2012, 135, Honshu (Kanagawa). Lectotype larva, Honshu (Gifu), lectotype by present designation; 2 larvae, paralectotypes, data as for lectotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. The final instar larva is distinguished from that of the other species of the S. martynovi Species Group described here by the presence of a pair of small round sclerites ventrolaterally on the prothorax, the prosternite with a pair of transversely wide sclerites near the posterior margin, and a pair of very thin, transversely wide sclerites near the posterior margin of the mesosternite. It is also distinguished from S. distinguenda Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki, in the S. nielseni Species Group, found in the type locality and unknown in the larval stage, by their sizes because adults and larvae of the S. nielseni Species Group are distinctly smaller, about 2/3 times the size of those of the S. martynovi Species Group in central Japan.</p><p>The male of this species is distinguished from other species by the strongly sclerotized, short, curved, and obliquely angled spine of the phallus.</p><p>Description (revised following Iwata 1930). Final instar larva (Figs 6I –6K). Sclerites dark brown. Head width up to 0.25 mm, body 2.0– 2.5 mm long. Thorax: Setae of tergites of 3 segments about 20–25, 20–25, and 20, respectively; pair of short transversely wide ventral sclerites at middle of posterior margin of prothorax, pair of small round sclerites ventrolaterally on prosternum, pair of very short transversely wide ventral sclerites at posterior edge of mesosternum. Abdominal tergum I with middle dorsal sclerite and pair of small round sclerites dorsolaterally. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Case (Figs 6L, 6M). Length 2.0– 2.5 mm. Composed of sandy, dome-shaped dorsal valve and silken, rectangular ventral valve, dorsal valve longer than ventral one, completely sealing larva; nearly rectangular with gently convex lateral margins in dorsal and ventral views. Anterior and posterior hoods relatively small, with median slit at each outer margin. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Male (Figs 6A–6H). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.9–1.0 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 1.8–2.0 mm and 1.6–1.7 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII as long as sternite VII, sternite VII slightly expanded at anterior margin in lateral view, ventral process long with expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII as long as sternite VIII. Tergite IX with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous with weakly sclerotized border dorsolaterally. Subgenital appendages small, round and heavily sclerotized at mesal edges in ventral view. Inferior appendages small, round and heavily sclerotized at mesal edges, with irregularly convex sclerites in lateral and ventral views. Phallus long, almost straight, flattened and roundish apically; internal spine strongly sclerotized, more or less curved, relatively short, about 10–15 times as long as basal width, oblique cleft visible near middle.</p><p>Specimens examined. Lectotype, final instar larva, HONSHU, Gifu, Fukuoka-mura (present address Nakatsugawa-shi, boundary of Shimono and Fukuoka), Otohime-taki Fall (35˚34’ 35” N, 137˚27’ 53”E, 375 m a.s.l.), viii.1928, I. Niwa (KUM In 0 77, small vial with lectotype label). Paralectotypes, 2 final instar larvae, same data as lectotype (KUM In 0 77, small vials with paralectotype labels).</p><p>Other specimens. HONSHU. Iwate: 32 males, Kitakami-shi, Kiuchi-gawa, small tributary, 330 m a.s.l., 20.vi.1997, TH . Miyagi: 3 males, Sendai-shi, Futakuchi, Natori-gawa, 400–500 m a.s.l., 7–8.vi.1974, TH; 23 males, same locality, 14.ix.2003, TH; 4 males, Sendai-shi, Futakuchi, Banji-bashi, 500 m a.s.l., 14.ix.2003, TH. Tochigi: 2 males, Kuroishi-shi, Kinomata-gawa, 7.vi.1998, HN . Saitama: 11 males, Chichibu-shi, Otaki-mura, Kudono-sawa, 20.v.1998, TI &amp; AO . Kanagawa: 5 males, Yamakita-machi, Mts. Tanzawa, Naka-gawa, Shiraishizawa, 700–750 m a.s.l., 2–3.vi.1974, TH ; 1 male, Kiyokawa-mura, Nakatsu-gawa, Nuno-kawa, 22.v.1998, AO; 2 males, Matsuda-machi, Sakawa-gawa, Nakatsu-gawa, 22.v.1998, AO. Toyama: 4 males, Nanto-shi, Taira-mura, Kotani-gawa, 450 m a.s.l., 30.vii.1995, TH . Ishikawa: 1 male, Wajima-shi, Makino-machi, Sosogi, 5 m a.s.l., 10.vi.2011, TH . Yamanashi: 1 male, Oizumu-mura, Kawamata-gawa, Toryu-no-taki, 11.vi.1994, TH; 4 males, Minobu-cho, Oshiro, 960 m a.s.l., 23.vii.2004, TH; 7 males, Minobu-cho, Oshiro, 460 m a.s.l., 12.vi. 201, TH. Nagano: 2 males, Hakuba-mura, Aoni, 830 m a.s.l., 13.viii.1995, TH . Gifu: 7 males, Nakatsugawa-shi, Tase, Yokokawa-dani, 6.vi.1996, TN (4 males in PTN, 3 males in PTI); 3 males, same locality, 21.v.1996 (2 pupae, 1 larva), HN &amp; TN, reared and emerged on 30.v–17.vi.1996, TN (PTN); 1 larva, same locality, 21.v.1996, HN &amp; TN; 1 male, Kokufu-cho, Utsue-gawa, Shijuhachi-no-taki, 28.v.2001, K. Endo; 1 male, Takayama-shi, Nyukawa, Hirayu Tunnel, 20.ix.1998, HN. Shizuoka: 4 males, Shizuoka-shi, Oi-gawa, Itsuha-zawa, 750 m a.s.l., 25.vi.1994, TH; 7 males, Shizuoka-shi, Umegashima, Sakasa-gawa, small tributary, 1000 m a.s.l., 16.vii.1995, TH; 8 males, Shizuoka-shi, Umegashima, Abe-toge, 1400 m a.s.l., 6.vii.1997, TH; 1 male, Shizuoka-shi, Umegashima, Onsenue, 1000 m a.s.l., 5.viii.2001, TH; 4 males, same locality, 24.ix.2001, TH; 4 males, Shizuoka-shi, Kuchisakamoto, 935 m a.s.l., 13.v.2002, TH; 1 male, Shizuoka-shi, Yokosawa, Mitsumine, 1080 m a.s.l., 27.v.2005, TH; 2 males, Shizuoka-shi, Umegashima, Minami-sawa, 780 m a.s.l., 28.vi.2005, TH. Aichi: 1 male, Toei-cho, Shimoda, 14.ix.2013, HN . Nara: 1 male, Kawakami-mura, Takahara-gawa, 850 m a.s.l., TH . Okayama: 2 males, Tsuyamashi, Aba, 13.v.2016, KN; 13 males, Kagamino-cho, Tominishi-dani, Shiraga-keikoku, 26.vi.2016, KN; 5 males, Nishi-awakura-son, Ogaya, 20.vii.2016, KN; 14 males, same locality, 24.vii.2016, KN. SHIKOKU . Tokushima: 28 males, Tsurugi-cho, Ichiu, Kuwadaira, 900–1140 m a.s.l., 25.ix.2002, TH . Ehime: 2 males, Kuma-kogen-cho, Omogo, Ishizuchi, skyline, small waterfall, 25.v.1999, TI &amp; AO; 1 male, Uwajima-shi, Nametoke-keikoku, 400– 600 m a.s.l., 23.ix.2002, TH; 1 male, Saijo-shi, Yosakoi-toge, hygropetric zone, 20.v.2008, MT &amp; TI. Kochi: 1 male, Ino-cho, Hongawa, Nago-gawa, 900 m a.s.l., 24.ix.2002, TH; 1 male, Ino-cho, Hongawa, Terakawa, 5.vi.2004, MT; 8 males, Kami-shi, Monobe, Befu-kyo, 650 m a.s.l., 25.iv.2004, TH; 1 male, Kami-shi, Monobe, Nishikuma-keikoku, 25.iv.2004, MT; 2 males, Kami-shi, Monobe, Shirakami-goe, 3.vii.2004, MT; 30 males, Kami-shi, Monobe, Shiraga-toge, 22.v.2008, MT &amp; TI; 3 males, Okawa-mura, Asatani, small waterfall, 500 m a.s.l., 24.ix.2002, TH. KYUSHU. Fukuoka: 4 males, Hoshuyama-mura, Hoshuyama-gawa, headwater, 8.iv.1997, TN; 1 male, Soeda-cho, Hikosan, 8.x.1998, AO. Nagasaki: 1 male, Takari-cho, Todoroki-keikoku, 300 m a.s.l., 17.ix.2002, TH . Oita: 3 males, Saeki-shi, Ume, Kuzuha, Nagafuchi-gawa, upper reach, 23.v.1993, NK; 11 males, Kokonoe-machi, Tano, Naruko-gawa, 900 m a.s.l., 18.ix.2002, TH. Miyazaki: 6 males, Nishimera-son, Omata, 440–450 m a.s.l., 21.ix.2002, TH; 12 males, Tsuno-cho, Osuzu-yama, 750 m a.s.l., 22.iv.2004, TH.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 18). Honshu (Iwate, Miyagi, Tochigi, Saitama, Kanagawa, Toyama, Ishikawa, Yamanashi, Nagano, Gifu, Shizuoka, Aichi, Nara, Okayama); Shikoku (Tokushima, Ehime, Kochi); Kyushu (Fukuoka, Nagasaki, Oita, Miyazaki). Newly recorded for Shikoku and Kyushu.</p><p>Habitat. Adults of this species were collected by the above colleagues and me near falls and very fast-flowing streams.</p><p>Japanese name. Kaku-himetobikera.</p><p>Remarks (Fig. 5) Stactobia japonica was originally described on the basis of a series of larvae collected from Gifu and Nagano, central Honshu, by Iwata (1930). Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki (1996) designated a male collected from one of the type localities, Otohime-buchi, Shimono, Fukuoka-cho, Gifu, since they believed that the specimens on which Iwata based the original description were entirely lost. They described the male as this species for the first time (Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki 1996).</p><p>However, Narita et al. (2001) reported larval specimens of S. japonica among the Trichoptera listed in Iwata’s collection. In March, 2017, I examined the specimens in a bottle labeled “In 0 77, Stactobia japonica ”, now deposited in the Kyoto University Museum. Twenty final instar larvae (16 larvae in cases and 4 larvae without cases) and 2 pupae in cases are preserved in a small vial, which bears a label written in Japanese as “Otohime-taki, Fukuoka-mura, Gifu, VIII.1928, Niwa”. The locality, collector and date agree with the specimen data recorded in Iwata’s paper. Since these larvae must be some of the syntypes of S. japonica, the neotype designated by Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki (1996) is set aside (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999, ICZN Art. 75.8).</p><p>Although most of the larvae are difficult to study in detail due to their bad condition, being dried up, 3 larvae were in reasonable condition for study. I am designating one of these larvae as the lectotype, and the other 2 as paralectotypes. The taxonomic purpose of this lectotype designation is to assure the correct identity of this distinct species in the context of the present revision of Japanese species of Stactobia . The above diagnosis and description are based primarily on the lectotype. Larvae collected from many localities, including a site near the type locality, conform with the lectotype and paralectotypes, so that the associated adults are described and figured here. The identity of the final instar larva described by Tetsukawa (1965) under the name of S. japonica is uncertain at the species level, because his description is mainly of generic features.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFD33237FF37F8BBFC3D042D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFD83235FF37FC89FC1F0240.text	03E31C49FFD83235FF37FC89FC1F0240.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia inexpectata Botosaneanu & Nozaki 1996	<div><p>Stactobia ineXpectata Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki 1996</p><p>(Figs 7, 18)</p><p>Stactobia inexpectata Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki 1996, 55–56, holotype male, Honshu (Kanagawa, Yamanashi). Nozaki 1997, 33, 38, Honshu (Kanagawa); Kagaya et al. 1998, 43, 123, Honshu (Yamanashi); Nozaki 2004, 1234, Honshu (Kanagawa); Ito et al. 2010, 57, Hokkaido (Hiyama, Oshima); Moriya &amp; Kubota 2012, 135, Honshu (Kanagawa); Kuhara &amp; Ito 2017, 16, Yakushima.</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. martynovi Species Group and is distinguished from congeneric species by a long phallus spine, about ¾ length of phallus.</p><p>Description. Male (Figs 7A–7G). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.9–1.0 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 2.0– 2.5 mm and 1.9–2.0 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII longitudinally shorter than sternite VII, sternite VII slightly expanded at anterior margin in lateral view, ventral process long with expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII longitudinally shorter than sternite VIII. Tergite IX with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous with pair of short, wide, oblique, sclerotized bands dorsolaterally. Subgenital appendages small with heavily sclerotized rounded apices mesally in ventral view. Inferior appendages small, heart-shaped with heavily sclerotized, rounded apices mesally in ventral view, subquadrate in lateral view. Phallus long, almost straight, slightly flattened with apex round; internal spine strongly sclerotized, long, about 20–25 times as long as basal width, almost straight but gently curved in few specimens, posterior part protruding from phallus in few specimens.</p><p>Final instar larva (Figs 7H–7J). Sclerites dark brown. Head about 0.23 mm wide, body up to 1.6 mm long. Thorax: setae on nota numbering about 30, 25, and 25, respectively; pair of short, transversely wide ventral sclerites in prosternum. Abdominal tergum I with single transverse mid-dorsal sclerite and pair of small round sclerites dorsolaterally. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Case (Figs 7K, 7L). Length up to 1.8 mm. Anterior and posterior hoods large, distinctly convex laterally, each with smaller blunt apical projection and no incision. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Specimens examined. HOKKAIDO. Ishikari: 3 males, Chitose-shi, Bifue-no-taki, 30.vii.2006, TI &amp; TH. Shiribeshi : 1 male, Otaru-shi, Okusawa, Anataki, 12.vii.2001, AO; 8 males, Rankoshi-cho, Penke-mekunnaigawa, Momijino-taki, 25.vi.1997, TI &amp; AO; 9 males, Rankoshi-cho, Niimi, small fall, 25.vi.1997, TI &amp; AO. Oshima: 6 males, Mori-machi, Torisaki-keikoku, 4.vi.2009, TI. HONSHU. Iwate: 16 males, Oshu-shi, Koromogawa-ku, Keisho-san-taki, 19.vi.2017, TI . Miyagi: 6 males, Sendai-shi, Futakuchi, Natori-gawa, 400–500 m a.s.l., 8.vi.1974, TH . Niigata: 1 male, Kanose-machi, Koara, 13.vi.1998, M. Maruyama . Nagano: 8 males, Kisofukushima-cho, Field Station of Kyoto University, 31. v. 1993, NK . Shizuoka: 2 males, Shizuoka-shi, Hatanagi, Oigawa, small tributary, 700–750 m a.s.l., 7.viii.1994, TH; 1 male, Shizuoka-shi, Hirano, 300–400 m a.s.l., 10.vii.1999, TH; 2 males, Shizuoka-shi, Umegashima, Minamisawa, 780 m a.s.l., 8.ix.2001, TH; 4 males, Shizuoka-shi, Umegashima, 1000 m a.s.l., 24.ix.2001, TH; 1 male, Shizuoka-shi, Hiyama, Nagato-gawa, 350 m a.s.l., 21.iv.2006, TH. Aichi: 1 male, Shinshiro-shi, Horai, Shimada-gawa, 11.vi.1996, HN; 1 male, Shinshiro-shi, Horai, 14.vi.1997, HN. Mie: 4 males, Fujioka-shi, Mikunidani, 26.v.1996, HN . Hyogo: 1 male, Haga-cho, Hajirogawa, Fudo-no-taki, 8.viii.2001, AO; 1 male, Asago-shi, Wadayama, Amago-taki, 5.iv.2009, K. Inazu. Nara: 6 males, Higashi-yoshino-mura, Takami-gawa, Izuo, 15.vi.1996, TN . Shimane: 1 male, Nagato-shi, Hibitaki-gawa, 6.viii.2001, AO; 1 male, Hikimi-cho, Hikimi-kyo, 24.v.1993, NK. Okayama: 1 male, Tsuyama-shi, Okutsu-gawa, 5.v.2011, KN; 5 males, Tsuyama-shi, Kagamino-cho, Koshiwata, 13.viii.2011, KN. Hiroshima: 3 males, Hatsukaichi-shi, Hosomi-dani, 11.v.2005, I. Mori. SHIKOKU . Tokushima: 34 males, Ichiu-mura, Kuwadaira, 900–1140 m a.s.l., 25.ix.2002, TH . Ehime: 10 males, Oda-cho, Odamiyama-keikoku, 880 m a.s.l., 20–22.iv.2000, TI &amp; AO; 1 male, same locality, 24.iv.2004, TH; 7 males, Oda-cho, Odami-yama, Kurokawa, a tributary, 22.iv.2000, TI &amp; AO; 1 male, Oda-cho, Koyayama, 29.v.2000, EY; 1 male, Omogo-mura, Teppoishi-gawa, 22.v.1999, TI &amp; AO; 2 males, Omogo-mura, small fall on Skyline, 25.v.1999, TI &amp; AO ; 1 male, Saijo-shi, Yosakoitoge, 22.v.2008, MT, &amp; TI; 7 males, Uwajima-shi, Nametoko-keikoku, 400–600 m a.s.l., 23.ix.2002, TH. Kochi: 3 males, Higashi-tsuno-mura, Irazu-yama, headwater of Shimanto-gawa, 8.v.2004, MT ; 9 males, Monobe-son, Befukyo, small fall, 25.iv.2004, TH; 1 male, Monobe-son, Befu-kyo, 1300 m a.s.l., 13.viii.2004, K. Nio; 2 males, Hongawa-mura, Nano-kawa, Rokugo-bashi, 23.v.1999, TI &amp; AO; 1 male, Hongawa-mura, Nano-kawa, 900 m a.s.l., 24.ix.2002, TH; 3 males, Hongawa-mura, Asatani, small fall, 24.ix.2002, TH; 1 male, Hongawa-mura, Terakawa, 5.vi.2004, MT; 3 males, Higashi-tsuno-mura, Irazu-yama, Shimanto-gawa, headwater, 8.v.2004, MT; 11 males, Higashi-tsuno-mura, Edaga-tani, 22.v.2004, MT ; 2 males, Kami-shi, Monobe, Shiraga-toge, small fall, 3.vii.2004, MT; 30 males, same locality, 22.v.2008, MT &amp; TI; 1 male, Kami-shi, Monobe, Nishikuma-keikoku, 25iv.2004, MT. KYUSHU. Oita: 3 males, Kusu-machi, Mori, Shimizu-bakuen, 450–500 m a.s.l., 18.ix.2002, TH; 1 male, same locality, 18.iv.2004, TH . Miyazaki: 8 males, Tsuno-cho, Osuzu-yama, 750 m, a.s.l., 22.iv.2004, TH . Kagoshima: 3 males, Okuchi-shi, Kogihara, Jussa-gawa, 480 m a.s.l., 20–21.iv.2004, TH . Kagoshima, Yakushima: 5 males, detail data by Kuhara &amp; Ito (2017); 7 final instar larvae, Miyanoura, Shiratani-gawa, 7 m a.s.l., 2.ix.1986, Y. Takemon.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 18). Hokkaido (Ishikari, Shiribeshi, Hiyama, Oshima); Honshu (Iwate, Miyagi, Niigata, Nagano, Yamanashi, Kanagawa, Shizuoka, Aichi, Mie, Hyogo, Nara, Shimane, Okayama, Hiroshima); Shikoku (Tokushima, Ehime, Kochi); Kyushu (Oita, Miyazak, Kagoshima, Yakushima). Newly recorded for Shikoku and Kyushu.</p><p>Habitat. Larvae of this species were collected by the above colleagues and me from waterfalls and very fast flowing streams.</p><p>Japanese name. Nagatoge-kaku-himetobikera.</p><p>Remarks. Final instar larvae and their cases are newly described.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFD83235FF37FC89FC1F0240	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFDA3234FF37FA2FFC2106CD.text	03E31C49FFDA3234FF37FA2FFC2106CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia hattorii Botosaneanu & Nozaki 1996	<div><p>Stactobia hattorii Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki 1996</p><p>(Figs 8, 18)</p><p>Stactobia hattorii Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki, 1996, 56–58, holotype male, Honshu (Shizuoka).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. martynovi Species Group and is distinguished from congeneric species by the short, twisted phallic spine.</p><p>Description. Male (Figs 8A–8D). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.8–1.0 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 2.0– 2.2 mm and 1.5–1.8 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII longer than sternite VII, sternite VII expanded at anterior margin in lateral view, ventral process long with expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII longitudinally shorter than sternite VIII. Tergite IX with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous with pair of weakly sclerotized, wide, transverse bands dorsolaterally. Subgenital appendages small, narrowly triangular, with heavily sclerotized and rounded apices in ventral view. Inferior appendages small, subquadrate in lateral view, M-shaped with rounded, heavily sclerotized mesal edges in ventral view. Phallus long, almost straight, slightly flattened, with subacute apex; internal spine strongly twisted twice, short, 10–12 times as long as basal width.</p><p>Larva. Unknown.</p><p>Specimens examined. HONSHU. Shizuoka: 2 males, Shizuoka-shi, Oi-gawa, 1200 m a.s.l., 29.iv.1996, TH (paratypes, PTN) . Kyoto: 1 male, Kyoto-shi, Kibune, Kibune-gawa, 29.v.2000, K. Endo . Hyogo: 20 males, Sekinonomiya-cho, Hyonosen, 15.v.1993, NK; 1 male, Chisa-cho, Itanami-keikoku, 550 m a.s.l., 12.ix.2002, TH. Okayama: 10 males, Nagi-cho, Takimoto, Takiyama, 24.ix.2011, KN; 1 male, Tsuyama-shi, Okutsugawa, 5.v.2011, KN; 3 males, Tsuyama-shi, Kamo-cho, Kurami, 4.vi.2016, KN; 49 males, Nishi-awakura-son, Ogaya, 20 &amp; 24.vii.2016, KN.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 18). Honshu (Shizuoka, Kyoto, Hyogo, Okayama).</p><p>Habitat. Adults of this species were collected by the above colleagues near falls and very fast flowing streams.</p><p>Japanese name. Hattori-kaku-himetobikera (newly given here).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFDA3234FF37FA2FFC2106CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFDB322AFF37F916FD7805BD.text	03E31C49FFDB322AFF37F916FD7805BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia gunma Ito 2017	<div><p>Stactobia gunma sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 9, 18)</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. martynovi Species Group. The male of this species is similar to that of S tactobia hattorii in the shape of the subgenital appendages, inferior appendages, and phallus, but clearly differs from S. hattorii by the twisted shape of the inner phallic spine which is 18–20 times as long as the basal width in this species, versus 10–12 times in S. hattorii .</p><p>Description. Male (Figs 9A–9F). Antennae each 18-segmented and 1.2–1.4 mm long (n = 4). Length of each forewing and hind wing 2.7–2.9 mm and 2.2–2.4 mm, respectively (n = 4). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII longitudinally shorter than sternite VII, ventral process long with expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII slightly longer than sternite VIII. Tergite IX with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous with pair of weakly sclerotized, wide, oblique bands dorsolaterally. Subgenital appendages transversely slender with heavily sclerotized rounded apices in ventral view. Inferior appendages small, subquadrate in lateral view, M-shaped with rounded, heavily sclerotized mesal edges in ventral view. Phallus long, almost straight, slightly flattened with roundish apex; internal spine 18–20 times as long as basal width, twisted at basal 1/3, curved 40°–90° apically.</p><p>Larva. Unknown.</p><p>Type series. Holotype. Male, HONSHU, Gunma, Minakami-shi, Okutone, Hidarimata-zawa, 36˚48’ N, 139˚00’ E, 27.vi.2001, K. Endo (CBM-ZI 165997).</p><p>Paratypes. 1 male, same data as holotype (CBM-ZI 165998).</p><p>Other specimens. HONSHU. Gunma: 1 male, same data as holotype . Tochigi: 1 male, Nikko-shi, Okunikko, Toyama-zawa, 25.vi.2001, K. Endo . Kanagawa: 1 male, Yamakita-machi, Mts. Tanzawa, Nakagawa, Shiraishi-zawa, 750 m a.s.l., 3.vi.1994, TH . Yamanashi: 1 male, Oizumi-mura, Kawamata-gawa, Toryu-no-taki, 1250 m a.s.l., 11.vi.1994, TH; 2 males, same locality, 30.v.1997, AO . Nagano: 1 male, Hase-mura, Sugishima, Shiozawa, 2.vi.1993, NK; 5 males, Hase-mura, Okubo, small stream along Ogura-gawa, 2.vi.1993, NK . Gifu: 5 males, Kamitakara-mura, Hirayu, Okaki-gawa, 30.v.2001, K. Endo; 2 males, Nyukawa-mura, Choshi-dani, Choshi-taki, 30.v.2001, K. Endo; 1 male, Takayama-shi, Nyukawa, Hirayu Tunnel, 20.ix.1998, HN. Shizuoka: 2 males, Shizuoka-shi, small stream along Oi-gawa, 700–750 m a.s.l., 7.viii.1994, TH . Nara: 8 males, Kawakamimura, Takahara-gawa, 850 m a.s.l., 27.v.2004, TH; 4 males, Kami-kitayama-mura, Migimata-dani, 28v.1993, NK.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 18). Honshu (Gunma, Tochigi, Kanagawa, Yamanashi, Nagano, Gifu, Shizuoka, Nara).</p><p>Habitat. Adults of this species were collected by the above colleagues near waterfalls and rapid flowing streams.</p><p>Ethymology. The name “ gunma ” is a noun in apposition, coined from the type locality.</p><p>Japanese name. Gunma-kaku-himetobikera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFDB322AFF37F916FD7805BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFC53229FF37FD23FC06042D.text	03E31C49FFC53229FF37FD23FC06042D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia nishimotoi Botosaneanu & Nozaki 1996	<div><p>Stactobia nishimotoi Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki 1996</p><p>(Figs 10, 19)</p><p>Stactobia nishimotoi Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki, 1996, 58–61, holotype male, Honshu (Aichi). Stactobia sp.: Kuhara &amp; Ito 2017, 16, Yakushima.</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. martynovi Species Group and is distinguished from congeneric species by the shape and position of the 2 short internal spines of the phallus.</p><p>Description. Male (Figs 10A–10E). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.6–0.8 mm long (n = 7). Length of each forewing and hind wing 1.6–2.4 mm and 1.4–2.1 mm, respectively (n = 7). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII almost as long as sternite VII, sternite VII with ventral process long, apically expanded, spiny. Tergite VIII longitudinally shorter than sternite VIII. Tergite IX with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous, weakly sclerotized dorsolaterally. Subgenital appendages transversely slender, rounded at mesal edges in ventral view. Inferior appendages small, in ventral view tightly arched. Phallus long, almost straight, rounded apically; with slender bar and 2 short, strongly sclerotized spines internally, situated at middle and apex, middle spine long, about 7 times as long as basal width, gently curved, directed posterad and apical spine 4 times as long as basal width, slightly curved, directed anterad.</p><p>Larva. Unknown.</p><p>Specimens examined. HONSHU. Miyagi: 1 male, Sendai-shi, Futakuchi, Natori-gawa, 400 m, a.s.l., 8.vi.1974, TH . Hyogo: 1 male, Asago-shi, Kamikawa-cho, Onakai, 4.v.2006, K. Inazu; 1 male, Asago-shi, Kamikawa-cho, Miyahashi, 4.v.2006, K. Inazu. Shimane: 9 males, Misato-cho, Daiwa, Nagato, Hibiki-dani, 6.viii.2001, AO. SHIKOKU . Kochi: 1 male, Shimanto-shi, Nishitosa, Kuroson-keikoku, 1.v.2004, MT (PTN). KYUSHU . Oita: 16 males, Yufu-shi, Yufuin, Kawanishi, Mizuwake-toge, 15.x.1992, NK . Kagoshima, Yakushima: 4 males, Yakushima-cho, Yoshida-gawa, Yoshida-bashi, 25.ix.2003, NK.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 19). Honshu (Miyagi, Aichi, Hyogo, Shimane); Shikoku (Kochi); Kyushu (Oita); Yakushima. Newly recorded for Shikoku, Kyushu, and Yakushima.</p><p>Habitat. Adults of this species were collected by the above colleagues near fast flowing streams.</p><p>Japanese name. Nishimoto-kaku-himetobikera (newly given here).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFC53229FF37FD23FC06042D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFC63229FF37FCB4FC2B0016.text	03E31C49FFC63229FF37FCB4FC2B0016.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia distinguenda Botosaneanu & Nozaki 1996	<div><p>Stactobia distinguenda Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki, 1996</p><p>(Figs 11, 19)</p><p>Stactobia distinguenda Botosaneanu &amp; Nozaki, 1996, 60–62, holotype male, Honshu (Gifu).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. nielseni Species Group Schmid 1959. The male of this species is similar to that of Stactobia radovanovici Schmid 1959, described from Pakistan, in having a long sternite VIII and slender inferior appendages, but differs in the shape of the phallus: S. distinguenda has short phallic spines, S. radovanovici lacks spines.</p><p>Male (Figs 11A–11E). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.5–0.7 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 1.4–1.6 mm and 1.2–1.4 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Sternite VII longer than tergite VII, ventral process long with slightly expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII longitudinally short, sternite VIII long, 4 times as long as tergite VIII, densely covered with thick setae. Tergite IX with pair of long apodemes anteriorly and pair of slender subgenital appendages at posteroventral edges, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X large, long, rectangular in lateral and dorsal views, 3 times as long as wide in lateral view, 2.5 times as long as wide in dorsal view, semimembranous, weakly sclerotized dorsally. Inferior appendages slender, directed dorsad in basal 1/7, gently curved posterad, then right and left appendages fused on meson and nearly straight in apical 3/4, almost reaching tip of tergite X. Phallus slender with apical 1/3 swollen; 2 short spines and slender bar internally; spines short, curved, situated apically and subapically, subapical one with inner hook in some specimens.</p><p>Larva. Unknown.</p><p>Specimens examined. HOKKAIDO. Ishikari: 2 males, Chitose-shi, Bifue-no-taki, 30.vii.2006, TI &amp; TH. HONSHU . Shizuoka: 2 males, Shizuoka-shi, Akazawa, 19.ix.2013, TH &amp; TI . Shiga: 1 male, Higashi-omi-shi, Eigenji, small fall near Kanzaki-gawa, 9.ix.2014, TI; 2 males, same locality, 29.v.2015, TI; 8 males, same locality, 11.vi.2016, TI.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 19). Hokkaido (Ishikari), Honshu (Gifu, Shizuoka, Shiga). New to Hokkaido.</p><p>Habitat. Adults of this species were collected by TH and me near falls and hygropetric zones.</p><p>Japanese name. Onaga-kaku-himetobikera (newly given here).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFC63229FF37FCB4FC2B0016	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFC6322EFF37F898FD6F05BD.text	03E31C49FFC6322EFF37F898FD6F05BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia chichibu Ito 2017	<div><p>Stactobia chichibu sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 12, 19)</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. nielseni Species Group. The male of this species is somewhat similar to that of S tactobia risiana Schmid 1959, described from Pakistan, in having thin triangular inferior appendages in ventral view, but clearly differs from S. risiana by the shape of the dorsal arms of the inferior appendages: A slender bar is present in this species, but absent in S. risiana .</p><p>Description. Male (Figs 12A–12E). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.6–0.7 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 1.4–1.6 mm and 1.2–1.3 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII as long as sternite VII, ventral process long with expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII longitudinally short, sternite VIII long, 1.5 times as long as tergite VIII. Tergite IX with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous, weakly sclerotized dorsolaterally; basal 1/3 broad and tapered, apical 2/3 subrectangular in dorsal view, subacute apically in lateral view. Subgenital appendages absent. Inferior appendages slender, triangular, slightly curved mesad in ventral view; slender dorsal arms arising from anterodorsal edges, directed caudad, apices round in lateral view and acute in ventral view. Phallus long, almost straight, rounded apically; slender bar and 2 spines apically; spines strongly sclerotized, very short, 1.5 times as long as basal width, slightly curved, directed caudad.</p><p>Final instar larva (Figs 12F–12H). Sclerites dark brown. Head 0.22 mm wide, body 1.9 mm long (n = 1). Thorax: Setae of nota numbering about 35, 30, and 30, respectively; very short, transversely wide sclerite ventrally on prosternum. Abdominal tergum I with transverse mid dorsal sclerite and pair of small round sclerites dorsolaterally. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Case of larva (Figs 12I, 12J). Length up to 2.2 mm. Composed of sandy, dome-like dorsal valve and silken rectangular ventral valve. Anterior and posterior hoods gently convex at middle, nearly semicircular in outline, without middle slit or notch or projection. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Type series. Holotype. Male, HONSHU, Saitama, Chichibu-shi, Otaki, Tochimoto, small stream, 35˚56’ N, 138˚51’ E, 670 m a.s.l., 19.v.1998 (larva), reared and emerged until 19.vi.1998, TI &amp; AO (CBM-ZI 165999).</p><p>Paratypes. 3 males, same data as holotype (CBM-ZI 166000–166002).</p><p>Other specimens. HONSHU. Saitama: 4 males, same data as holotype ; 1 pupa, 1 larva, type locality, 19.v.1998, TI &amp; AO. Yamanashi: 1 male, Minobu-cho, Ohjiro, seep, 430 m a.s.l., 23.viii.2009, TN (PTN); 1 male, Minobu-cho, Ojiro, 960 m a.s.l., 23.viii.2009, TH; 2 males, Minobu-cho, Ojiro, 460 m a.s.l., 12.vi.2010, TH. Shizuoka: 1 male, Shizuoka-shi, Nyujima, hygropetric zone, 11.vii.1999, TH; 2 males, same locality, 28.vii.2005, TH. SHIKOKU . Tokushima: 5 males, Naka-cho, Konose-kyo, hygropetric zone, 22.v.2008, MT &amp; TI . Kochi: 9 males, Yuzuhara-cho, Ushiro-betto, 15.v.2010, MT.</p><p>Distribution (Fig.19). Honshu (Saitama, Yamanashi, Shizuoka); Shikoku (Tokushima, Kochi).</p><p>Habitat. Larvae of this species were collected by the colleagues above and me in hygropetric zone and seep habitats.</p><p>Ethymology. The name “ chichibu ” is a noun in apposition, coined from the type locality.</p><p>Japanese name. Chichibu-kaku-himetobikera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFC6322EFF37F898FD6F05BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFC1322EFF37FD39FD100057.text	03E31C49FFC1322EFF37FD39FD100057.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia yona Ito 2017	<div><p>Stactobia yona sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 13, 19)</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. martynovi Species Group. The male of this species is clearly distinguished from other congeneric species by the shape of the phallus which has a long sharp internal spine.</p><p>Description. Male (Figs 13A–13D). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.8–0.9 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 1.9–2.0 mm and 1.6–1.7 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII quadrate, sternite VII slightly shorter longitudinally than tergite, ventral process long with apex expanded, spiny. Tergite VIII and sternite VIII subequally large, rectangular. Tergite IX subquadrate with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous, quadrate in dorsal view, apically subacute in lateral view, with pair of pale longitudinal sclerites dorsolaterally. Subgenital appendages slender and inferior appendages small and heart-shaped in ventral view. Phallus tubular with slender bar and long flattened spine internally; bar weakly sclerotized, almost 1/2 as long as phallus; spine strongly sclerotized, 10 times as long as basal width, sharply pointed apically.</p><p>Final instar larva (Figs 13E–13G). Sclerites dark brown. Head up to 0.29 mm wide, body up to 2.0 mm long. Thorax: About 25 setae on each notum; prosternum with pair of very short, transversely wide sclerites and pair of small lateral round sclerites. Abdominal terga each with mid transverse dorsal sclerite and pair of small round dorsolateral sclerites. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Case of larva (Figs 13H, 13I). Length 2.2 mm. Composed of silken dome-shaped dorsal valve and silken rectangular ventral valve. Anterior and posterior hoods large, convex, apices each often with small notch at middle. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Type series. Holotype. Male, RYUKYU ISLANDS, Okinawa-jima, Kunigami-son, Aha, Fun-gawa, Tanagagumui, 26˚43’30”N, 128˚17’12”E, 78 m a.s.l., 22.iii.1999, TI &amp; AO (CBM-ZI 166003).</p><p>Paratypes. 2 males, same data as holotype (CBM-ZI 166004–166005).</p><p>Other specimens. RYUKYU ISLANDS. Okinawa-jima: 2 males, 21 pupae, 5 prepupae, 71 final instar larvae, same data as holotype; 2 males, Kunigami-son, Yona-gawa, Heigi-bashi, 10.iv.2011, TI; 5 males, same locality, 18.iii.2014, TI. Amami-oshima: 1 male, Uken-son, 24.iii.1997, F. Nishimoto; 1 male, Yamato-son, Materia-no-taki, 25–26.x.2011, TI.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 19). Ryukyu Islands (Amami-oshima, Okinawa-jima).</p><p>Habitat. Larvae of this species were collected by AO and me at very fast streams with large stones.</p><p>Ethymology. The name “ yona ” is a noun in apposition, coined from the locality where many males were collected.</p><p>Japanese name. Yona-kaku-himetobikera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFC1322EFF37FD39FD100057	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFCC3223FF37FF79FD70028A.text	03E31C49FFCC3223FF37FF79FD70028A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia urauchi Ito 2017	<div><p>Stactobia urauchi sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 14, 19)</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. nielseni Species Group. The male of this species is similar to that of Stactobia chichibu in having the inferior appendages in ventral view slender and triangular, but is clearly distinguished from S. chichibu by the presence of a ventral sclerite near the base of the inferior appendages.</p><p>Description. Male (Figs 14A–D). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.6–0.7 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 1.4–1.6 mm and 1.2–1.4 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Tergite VII long and subquadrate, sternite VII longitudinally shorter than tergite, ventral process long with expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII longitudinally short, sternite VIII twice as long as tergite. Tergite IX subquadrate with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous, subquadrate in dorsal view, subacute apically in lateral view, with pair of light longitudinal sclerites dorsolaterally. Subgenital appendages absent. Inferior appendages rectangular, 3 times as long as wide, round apically in lateral view; narrowly triangular, slightly curved mesad in ventral view; represented by pair of slender dorsal arms arising from single anteromesal plate, directed caudad, and with acute apices; transversely wide and longitudinally short ventral sclerite anterior of anteromesal plate of inferior appendages slightly convex at middle, subacute laterally. Phallus tubular with slender bar and 2 spines internally; bar weakly sclerotized, almost 1/3 as long as phallus; spines strongly sclerotized, very short, each 2 times as long as basal width, arranged longitudinally in succession before apex.</p><p>Final instar larva (Figs 14E–14G). Sclerites dark brown. Head about 0.22 mm wide, body up to 2.0 mm long. Thorax: Setae numbering about 50 on pronotum, 35 on mesonotum, and 20 on metanotum; pair of very short and transversely wide sclerites and pair of small subtriangular lateral sclerites on prosternum and propleura. Abdominal terga I–VIII each with transverse mid dorsal sclerite and dorsolateral pair of small round sclerites. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Case of larva (Figs 14H, 14I). Length up to 2.5 mm. Composed of sandy dome-like dorsal valve and silken rectangular ventral valve. Anterior and posterior hoods relatively small, convex, each with tiny notch at middle in most specimens. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Type series. Holotype. Male, RYUKYU ISLANDS, Iriomote-jima: Urauchi-gawa, Kampire-no-taki, 24˚21’ N, 123˚48’ E, 90 m a.s.l., 14.iv.2005, TI &amp; AO (CBM-ZI 166006).</p><p>Paratypes. 3 males, same data as holotype (CBM-ZI 166007–166009).</p><p>Other specimens. RYUKYU ISLANDS. Iriomote-jima, 2 males, type locality, 29.x.2012, TI ; 3 males, 4 larvae, type locality, 22.iii.2016, TI; 4 males, type locality, 22.x.2016, TI. Ishigaki-jima: 12 males, Mt. Omotodake, small fall along foot path, 20.iii.2016, TI. Yonaguni-jima : 1 male, Nunbaru, 4.iv.2010, N. Shimura.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 19). Ryukyu Islands (Iriomote-jima, Ishigaki-jima, Yonaguni-jima).</p><p>Habitat. This species was collected by AO and me at waterfalls and fast flowing streams with large rocks.</p><p>Ethymology. The name “ urauchi ” is a noun in apposition, coined from the type locality.</p><p>Japanese name. Urauchi-kaku-himetobikera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFCC3223FF37FF79FD70028A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFCC3226FF37FA19FCBA0374.text	03E31C49FFCC3226FF37FA19FCBA0374.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia campire Ito 2017	<div><p>Stactobia campire sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 15, 16, 19)</p><p>Stactobia sp.: Ito &amp; Saito 2016, 468, mitochondrial DNA, Ryukyu Islands (Iriomote-jima).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. nielseni Species Group. The male of this species is slightly similar to that of S tactobia tonyi Wells &amp; Huisman 1993, known from Malaysia, in having spinose inferior appendages, but clearly differs from the latter by the shape of the phallus: The phallus has a slender rod and short spine apically in this species, but the phallus has a sclerotized band and 2 spines in S. tonyi .</p><p>Description. Male (Figs 15A–15E). Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.6–0.7 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 1.6–1.7 mm and 1.3–1.4 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia. Sternite VII slightly shorter longitudinally than tergite VII, ventral process long with expanded spiny apex. Tergite VIII longitudinally short, sternite VIII twice as long as tergite, swollen at posterior 1/3. Tergite IX large with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X large, semimembranous, subquadrate in dorsal view, roundish apically in lateral view, weakly sclerotized dorsally. Subgenital appendages subtriangular, directed ventrocaudad in lateral view. Inferior appendages long bar-like, 3 times as long as wide, subacute apically in lateral view; slightly bowed outward at apical half and gently directed mesad apically in ventral view. Phallus tubular, broadly curved, acute or truncate apically, with slender rod and spine at apical 1/3; bar weakly sclerotized, almost 1/4 as long as phallus; spine strongly sclerotized, very short, 2 times as long as basal width, directed posterad.</p><p>Final instar larva (Figs 15F–15H). Sclerites black. Head about 0.22 mm wide, body up to 2.0 mm long. Thorax: Setae numerous, numbering 40–45 setae on each plate of 3 pairs of notal plates; pair of very short and transversely wide sclerites on prosternum. Each of abdominal terga III–VII with transversely wide sclerite dorsally; each of terga I–VI with pair of slender transverse sclerites near posterior margin (“intersegmental sclerites” in Waringer &amp; Graf 2011); terga I–VII with pair of very small, often indistinct, round sclerites dorsolaterally. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Early instar larva (Figs 16A–16E). Beetle-like appearance. Head 0.18 mm wide in penultimate instar, body length up to 1.7 mm, penultimate instar larva almost same size as final instar larva. Pronotal plate subquadrate with 5 pairs of long thick setae and many short slender setae dorsally and short spines on anterior edge and anterolateral corners. Mesonotal and metanotal plates wide, lateral margins convex; 2 long stout setae at middle of each lateral margin, strongly directed laterad; long thick setae also on anterior and posterior margins; many long and short setae and short spines on anterior edges and anterolateral corners. Dorsal plates on abdominal terga I –VIII distinctly convex laterally, each with long stout seta laterally and long stout seta near posterolateral margin; several short setae dorsally and short spines laterally.</p><p>Case of larva (Figs 16F, 16G). Tubular, somewhat flattened dorsoventrally (depressed), slightly swollen laterally at middle; dorsal surface almost completely covered with sand grains, ventral valve made of silk alone. Anterior and posterior hoods absent. Length up to 2.2 mm.</p><p>Type series. Holotype. Male, RYUKYU ISLANDS, Iriomote-jima, Urauchi-gawa, Kampire-no-taki, 24˚21’17”N, 123˚48’28”E, 83 m a.s.l., 22.iii.2016, TI (CBM-ZI 166010).</p><p>Paratypes. 2 males, same data as holotype (CBM-ZI 166011–166012).</p><p>Other specimens. RYUKYU ISLANDS. Iriomote-jima: 8 males, same data as holotype; 22 pupae, 6 prepupae, 26 final instar larvae, type locality, 25.iii.1999, TI &amp; AO; 1 male, 6 pupae, 181 final instar larvae, 8 early instar larvae, type locality, 30.xi.2013, TI &amp; R. Saito; 1 male, 1 pupa, 2 prepupae, 126 final instar larvae, 38 early instar larvae, type locality, 22.x.2016, TI.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 19). Ryukyu Islands (Iriomote-jima). Known only from the type locality.</p><p>Habitat. The larvae of this species were abundant on the smooth rock surfaces in a very large waterfall, Kampireno-taki, Iriomote-jima, Ryukyu Islands, together with larvae of Plethus ukalegon Malicky &amp; Chantaramongkol (Ito &amp; Saito 2016) . A quantitative survey on 22 October 2015, clearly showed that final instar larvae were more abundant in slowly flowing parts (about 40 cm /sec) than in rapidly flowing parts (about 120 cm /sec), i.e., mean 2.0 larvae/ 100 cm 2 in slow flow (n = 30) versus mean 0.1 larvae/ 100 cm 2 in rapid flow (n = 30). This habit is different from that of P. ukalegon, the larvae of which were almost equally abundant in both slow and rapid flow [mean 22.2 larvae/ 100 cm 2 (n = 30) in slow flow versus mean 21.8 larvae/ 100 cm 2 (n = 30) in rapid flow].</p><p>Ethymology. The name “ campire ” is a noun in apposition, coined from the type locality.</p><p>Japanese name. Kampire-kaku-himetobikera.</p><p>Remarks. Some larval features of this species are similar to those of 2 European species, Stactobia moselyi Kimmins 1 949 and S. caspersi Ulmer 1950 . The very slender, transverse sclerites of abdominal segments I–VI resemble those of S. moselyi (Waringer &amp; Graf 2011), and the early instar larva and sandy tubular case are very similar to those of S. caspersi (Cianficconi et al. 2005) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFCC3226FF37FA19FCBA0374	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
03E31C49FFC93224FF37FB70FB850520.text	03E31C49FFC93224FF37FB70FB850520.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stactobia semele Malicky & Chantaramongkol 2007	<div><p>Stactobia semele Malicky &amp; Chantaramongkol 2007</p><p>(Figs 17, 19)</p><p>Stactobia semele Malicky &amp; Chantaramongkol 2007, 1044, 1090, holotype male, Taiwan.</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the S. martynovi Species Group and is distinguished from congeneric species by the shape and position of the internal spine of the phallus.</p><p>Description. Male. Antennae each 18-segmented and 0.6–0.7 mm long (n = 5). Length of each forewing and hind wing 1.5–1.7 mm and 1.3–1.5 mm, respectively (n = 5). Tibial spur formula 1, 2, 4.</p><p>Genitalia (Fig 17A–17D). Tergite VII subquadrate, almost as long as sternite VII, ventral process with expanded spiny apex. Tergite and sternite VIII subequally long and longer than those of segment VII. Tergite IX subquadrate with pair of long anterior apodemes, sternite IX reduced. Tergite X semimembranous, weakly sclerotized dorsolaterally, subquadrate with large triangular excision medially in dorsal view. Subgenital appendages slender with round mesal edges. Inferior appendages roundish, in ventral view with small heart-shaped sclerites. Phallus tubular with internal slender spine at half length, subacute apically; spine almost straight, slightly curved at apex, 15–18 times as long as basal width.</p><p>Final instar larva (Figs 17E–G). Sclerites dark brown. Head about 0.29 mm wide, body up to 2.0 mm long. Thorax: About 25, 20, and 15 setae on pro-, meso- and metanota, respectively; pair of very short and transversely wide sclerites posteriorly on each of pro- and mesosterna. Abdominal terga each with middorsal sclerite and pair of small round sclerites dorsolaterally. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Case (Figs 17H, 17I). Length 2.2 mm. Composed of dome-like dorsal valve and smaller rectangular ventral valve. Anterior and posterior hoods each convex apically with tiny notch at middle. Made of silk, with sand grains scattered on dorsal valve and hoods. Other features typical of genus.</p><p>Specimens examined. RYUKYU ISLANDS. Iriomote-jima: 11 males, Omijya-gawa, Omijya-bashi, 13.iv.2005, TI; 5 males, same locality, 30.ix.2013, TI; 9 males, 11 final instar larvae, same locality, 22.iii.2016, TI; 1 male, Omijya-gawa, Tage-no-taki, 22.iii.2016, TI; 1 male, Aira-gawa, middle reach, 21.iii.2016, TI; 1 male, Yuchin-gawa, small fall, 23.iii.2016, TI.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 19). Ryukyu Islands (Iriomote-jima), Taiwan. Newly recorded for Japan.</p><p>Habitat. Larvae of this species were collected by me from very fast streams with large rocks.</p><p>Japanese name. Taiwan-kaku-himetobikera.</p><p>Remarks. The final instar larva and its case is described here for the first time.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31C49FFC93224FF37FB70FB850520	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ito, Tomiko	Ito, Tomiko (2017): The genus Stactobia McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan. Zootaxa 4350 (2): 201-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.2.1
