identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E09278FFDBFFEFFF0CFC05A21E180A.text	03E09278FFDBFFEFFF0CFC05A21E180A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diploneis budayana (Pantocsek) Hustedt	<div><p>Diploneis budayana (Pantocsek) Hustedt (Figs 1–11)</p> <p>Basionym:— Navicula budayana Pantocsek (1892: pl. 4, fig. 57).</p> <p>Valves elliptical with convex margins and broadly rounded ends. The length of the valve is 58.5‒120.7 µm, and the breadth is 32.1‒54.5 µm. The axial area is lanceolate, narrow near the ends and slightly expanding towards the central area. The central area is 8.7‒12.8 µm wide, slightly expanded and not well defined from the axial area. Externally, the longitudinal canal is broadly lanceolate with one row of round areolae becoming “slit like” at the valve apices (Figs 7, 11). The areolae of the longitudinal canal are covered with projected occlusions alike the striae. From inside, a large rhombic silica plate encloses the longitudinal canal throughout the whole length (Fig. 8). Externally, the raphe is straight with expanded proximal ends (Fig. 9). From the outside the terminal fissures are not enlarged and hooked to the same direction at the transition to the valve mantle (Figs 7, 9, 11). Internally the raphe is straight with simple proximal and somewhat bent distal ends. The raphe is placed in a “trench” throughout the whole length and only raising to the level of the silica plate in the central nodule (Fig. 8). In some specimens from the outside the raphe system is followed by irregularly positioned lines located between the raphe and the row of areolae. These ornamentations are probable result of the corrosion processes rather than real structures (Figs 3, 5–7, 9, 10, 11). The striae, 6‒7 in 10 µm, are parallel in the middle of the valve, becoming radial at the distal ends of the valve. The striae are composed of transapically elongate areolae, 4 in 10 µm (Figs 1‒6). In SEM each areola, opens externally via single transapical line covered with projected occlusions. Alongside the longitudinal canal each single transapical opening has small T-shape ornamentation becoming larger at the valve mantel (Figs 7, 10, 11). In corroded specimens, the structure of the areolae becomes clearly visible (Fig. 9). The alveolus opens to the inside through transverse rows of large oval foramina, 5‒6 in 10 µm (Fig. 8). Internally a narrow pseudoseptum is present at the valve apices (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Type— Căpeni (Köpecz), Neogene fossil deposits in Romania (accession no. BP 88, leg. J. Pantocsek Slide BP 2240, Pantocsek Collection, BP, Lectotype (designated here) = Fig. 2; Slide MKNDC 006290 /A, isolectotype).</p> <p>Observations:— In this study population, the valves had wider range of morphological features than given by Pantocsek: length: 95–100 µm vs. 58.5–121.0 µm; breadth: 35–42 µm vs. 32.0– 54.5 µm; striae density: 7–8 in 10 µm vs. 6–7 in 10 µm; areolae density: 5 in 10 µm vs. 4 in 10 µm.</p> <p>Navicula budayana was illustrated by Pantocsek (1892) but the written description was provided later (Pantocsek 1905) giving size range of 95–100 µm in length and 35–42 µm in width. Hustedt (1937) formally transferred this species into the genus Diploneis. Later, Jurilj (1954) reported extant population of D. budayana from Lake Ohrid. However, detailed LM and SEM analyses showed several morphological differences between Lake Ohrid and Köpecz populations (Jovanovska et al. 2013). Based on differences in the valve axial area (wide lanceolate with slightly expanded central area vs. narrow lanceolate with slightly expanded central area) and the striae structure (biseriate vs. single transapical slit), the species from Lake Ohrid was distinguished and described as D. parabudyana (Jovanovska et al. 2013, figs 1–9, 12, 13). Consequently D. budayana has a limited distribution in the Romanian lacustrine fossil deposits.</p> <p>With observations on the type material, D. budyana could easily be mistaken with D. hilarula (Pantocsek) Mills (1934: 618) = Navicula hilarula Pantocsek (1892, fig. 15: 230). However for any given length, specimens of D. hilarula have broader apices and more linear valve margins. Additionally, the most distinguishing feature of D. hilarula is the wide hyaline area position along the longitudinal canal. This hyaline area has not been documented in D. budayana.</p> <p>Stratigraphic remarks:— Neogene (Middle Miocene - Late Miocene); the intra - Carpathian area became isolated only during the Late Miocene, when the tectonic compression reached to the climax during the Late Sarmatian (~ 11 MY). As a result there was a collision between the “Transylvanian block” and east European Continental plate (Krések &amp; Filipescu 2005). In this realm originated Lake Pannon, which transformed from a large brackish to a freshwater lake (Magyar et al. 1999). As a part of the Lake Pannon, the Transylvanian Basin represented an isolated basin during the Late Miocene, as indicated by endemic faunas (Müller et al. 1999). These palaeoecological conditions determined the development of diverse and rich non - marine benthic diatom flora. During the Pliocene the evolution of Baraolt - Brasov Depression could be a remote bay of the Black Sea and having higher salinity due to evaporation (Krstić et al. 2012). Until now, there has not been enough palaeontological data for more precise chronostratigraphic determination.</p> <p>Distribution:— Căpeni (Köpecz), Bodos (Bodos) and Bibarczfalva (Baraolt), Neogene fossil deposit in Romania (fossil, Pantocsek 1892).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E09278FFDBFFEFFF0CFC05A21E180A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Jovanovska, Elena;Buczkó, Krisztina;Ognjanova-Rumenova, Nadja G.;Nakov, Teofil;Levkov, Zlatko	Jovanovska, Elena, Buczkó, Krisztina, Ognjanova-Rumenova, Nadja G., Nakov, Teofil, Levkov, Zlatko (2013): Identity and typification of Diploneis ostracodarum, Diploneis budayana and Diploneis praeclara (Bacillariophyta). Phytotaxa 137 (1): 15-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.137.1.2, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/45952cac-56b4-3223-a6c2-0e714dd6efcb/
03E09278FFDCFFECFF0CFDFCA3B4180A.text	03E09278FFDCFFECFF0CFDFCA3B4180A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diploneis ostracodarum (Pantocsek) Jovanovska, Nakov & Levkov	<div><p>Diploneis ostracodarum (Pantocsek) Jovanovska, Nakov &amp; Levkov (Figs 12–28)</p> <p>Basionym:— Navicula ostracodarum Pantocsek (1892: pl. 9, fig. 145).</p> <p>Valves rhombic to elliptical with acute rounded ends. The length of the valve is 36.0–77.0 µm, and the breadth is 23.0– 41.5 µm. The axial area is narrow lanceolate and expanding only closely towards the central area. The central area is 5.3–9.5 µm wide, clearly defined from the axial area. From the outside the longitudinal canal is broadly lanceolate with two, rarely 3 (Figs 18, 23–24) rows of areola in the middle of the canal, which coalesce into one at the valve apices. Internally, a large lanceolate axial plate covers the longitudinal canal throughout the whole length and continuous with the wide transapical costae. Internally, the longitudinal canal is broad and in the middle of the valve it’s expanded (Fig. 25). The areolae of the longitudinal canal are covered with cribrum (Figs 23, 24, 27). Externally, the raphe is straight with expanded proximal ends that are slightly bent to the same side of the valve (Fig. 27). The raphe distal ends are unilaterally bent at a right angle and to the same side as the proximal ends (Figs 23, 24, 26). Internally, the raphe is straight with simple proximal and distal ends. The raphe is place in a “trench” throughout the whole length and only raising to the level of the silica plate in the middle of the valve (Fig. 25). The striae are radial, 8–9 in 10 µm, with round to transapically elongate areolae, 6–10 in 10 µm. The structure of the areolae is very difficult to describe due to valve dissolution of the observed specimens (Figs 23, 24, 26, 27). The internal opening of the alveolus is continuous, spanning the length of the entire chamber (Figs 25, 28). Due to corrosion of the specimens, the fine layers of silica occluding the alveoli from the inside are missing and the areolae become clearly visible inside each alveolus. In the corroded specimens can be noticed the striae uniseriate pattern near the axial area becoming biseriate at the valve margins (Figs 25, 28).</p> <p>Type:— Căpeni (Köpecz), Neogene fossil deposits in Romania (accession no. BP 88, leg. J. Pantocsek, slide BP 2241, Pantocsek Collection, BP, Lectotype (designated here) = Fig. 14; Slide MKNDC 006290 /B, isolectoype).</p> <p>Observations:— Jurilj (1954) observed an extant population of D. ostracodarum in Lake Ohrid. In the same publication, he informally proposed transfer to the genus Diploneis based on his discussion of its morphological features (Jurilj 1954). Recently, Jovanovska et al. (2013) provided the appropriate formal transfer of D. ostracodarum from Navicula to Diploneis.</p> <p>In Pantocsek's (1892) original description only single measurements of D. ostracodarum were provided (length: 33.5 µm; breadth: 22 µm; striae density: 8–9 in 10 µm). However, Jurilj (1954) in his emended diagnosis gave a broader range of dimensions for D. ostracodarum from Lake Ohrid (length: 30–55 µm; breadth: 20–40 µm; striae density: 6–8 in 10 µm). Such wider ranges have also been documented by Jovanovska et al. (2013) in both surface and core samples from Lake Ohrid (length: 28–66 µm in surface samples and 27–73 µm in core samples; breadth: 17–43 µm in surface samples and 14–45 µm in core samples; striae density: 7–8 in 10 µm in surface samples and 6–8 in 10 µm core samples).</p> <p>In Pantocsek's original drawing (1892: pl. 9, fig. 145) the longitudinal canal is composed of one row of areolae throughout the whole length. While the longitudinal canal of the lectotype (Fig. 14) designated here and the Lake Ohrid surface and core populations, is composed of two rows of areolae in the middle of the canal, merging into one at the valve apices (Levkov et al. 2007, Jovanovska et al. 2013). Specimens of D. ostracodarum with one row of areolae throughout the longitudinal canal were not observed in the type material.</p> <p>Stratigraphic remarks: — Neogene (late Middle Miocene - early Late Miocene) to present.</p> <p>Distribution:— Căpeni (Köpecz), the Neogene fossil deposit in Romania (fossil, Pantocsek 1892); Finnish Lapland-Scandinavia (fossil, Cleve-Euler 1934); Lake Ohrid in Macedonia (extant, Jovanovska et al. 2013) and Lake Swan in USA (extant, Patrick &amp; Reimer 1966).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E09278FFDCFFECFF0CFDFCA3B4180A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Jovanovska, Elena;Buczkó, Krisztina;Ognjanova-Rumenova, Nadja G.;Nakov, Teofil;Levkov, Zlatko	Jovanovska, Elena, Buczkó, Krisztina, Ognjanova-Rumenova, Nadja G., Nakov, Teofil, Levkov, Zlatko (2013): Identity and typification of Diploneis ostracodarum, Diploneis budayana and Diploneis praeclara (Bacillariophyta). Phytotaxa 137 (1): 15-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.137.1.2, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/45952cac-56b4-3223-a6c2-0e714dd6efcb/
03E09278FFDEFFE0FF0CF94AA497185F.text	03E09278FFDEFFE0FF0CF94AA497185F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diploneis praeclara (Pantocsek) Cleve-Euler 1934	<div><p>Diploneis praeclara (Pantocsek) Cleve-Euler (Figs 29–43)</p> <p>Basionym:— Navicula praeclara Pantocsek (1892: pl. 11, fig. 182).</p> <p>Valves elliptical to linear-elliptic with convex margins and bluntly rounded ends. The valve length is 40–74.4 µm, and the breadth is 18–27.1 µm. The axial area is linear and only expanded close to the central area, 4.4–7 µm wide. Externally, the longitudinal canal is linear, expanded in the middle of the valve with two rows of areolae near the central area, which coalesce into one towards the valve apices (Figs 37, 43). Internally a narrow lanceolate axial plate covers the longitudinal canal, continuing into wide transapical costae (Figs 40, 41). From inside the longitudinal canal is narrow and in the middle of the valve is expanded (Fig. 40). The areolae of the longitudinal canal are covered with a cribrum and are morphological identical with the areolae of the striae (Figs 38, 42, 43). From the outside the raphe is straight with expanded proximal ends that are bent with a right angle to the same side of the valve (Figs 37, 38). The distal raphe ends are bent at a 90° angle to the same side of the valve (Figs 37, 42, 43). Internally, the raphe is straight with simple proximal and slightly expanded distal ends (Figs 40, 41). The raphe is place in a “trench” throughout the whole length and only raising to the level of the silica plate in the middle of the valve (Figs 40, 41). The striae are parallel in the middle portion of the valve, becoming radial towards the valve apices, 8–9 in 10 µm. With LM observations the striae appears to be uniseriate (Figs 30–36), although with SEM observations the striae are uniseriate near the center becoming biseriate towards the valve margins (Figs 39, 42, 43). The areolae are large round, 8–11 in 10 µm, externally covered by cribrum (Figs 38, 42, 43). Internally, the alveolus is continuous and in the corroded specimens the structure of the areolae and the striae biseriate pattern becomes clearly visible (Figs 39–41).</p> <p>Type:— Căpeni (Köpecz), Neogene fossil deposits in Romania (accession no. BP 88, leg. J. Pantocsek, slide BP 2242, Pantocsek Collection, BP, Lectotype (designated here) = Fig. 30; Slide MKNDC 006290 /C, isolectoype).</p> <p>Observations:— Cleve - Euler (1934) observed fossil specimens of D. praeclara from Scandinavia, and transferred this species into the genus Diploneis (1934: pl. 5, fig. 151). Later, Jurilj (1954) documented an extant population of D. praeclara in Lake Ohrid. With the recent examinations of D. praeclara from Lake Ohrid (Jovanovska et al. 2013), several morphological differences have been documented between Lake Ohrid and Köpecz populations. The major difference between these two populations is the valve outline. Valves from Lake Ohrid surface and core samples have elliptical to linear - elliptic outline with more or less acute apices compared to Köpecz specimens that generally have bluntly rounded apices. The valve size also separates these two populations: length: 31–39.7 µm vs. 40–74.4 µm; breadth: 16.3–18.3 µm vs. 18–27.1 µm. Both populations fit Jurilj (1954) observations of D. praeclara (length: 35–55 µm and breadth: 15–25 µm). However, Pantocsek (1982) did not specify a size range when describing N. praeclara (only a single measurement is given: length 53 µm, breadth 21 µm), and therefore it is difficult to separate these two populations into separate entities.</p> <p>The distinguishing feature of D. praeclara is the distinctly biseriate pattern of areolae of the canal in the middle of the valve. This pattern has been noticed in both populations and therefore they are treated as conspecific.</p> <p>Stratigraphic remarks: — Neogene (late Middle Miocene - early Late Miocene) to present.</p> <p>Distribution:— Căpeni (Köpecz), Neogene deposits in Romania (fossil, Pantocsek 1892); Finnish Lapland- Scandinavia (fossil, Cleve-Euler 1934) and Lake Ohrid (extant, Jovanovska et al. 2013).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E09278FFDEFFE0FF0CF94AA497185F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Jovanovska, Elena;Buczkó, Krisztina;Ognjanova-Rumenova, Nadja G.;Nakov, Teofil;Levkov, Zlatko	Jovanovska, Elena, Buczkó, Krisztina, Ognjanova-Rumenova, Nadja G., Nakov, Teofil, Levkov, Zlatko (2013): Identity and typification of Diploneis ostracodarum, Diploneis budayana and Diploneis praeclara (Bacillariophyta). Phytotaxa 137 (1): 15-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.137.1.2, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/45952cac-56b4-3223-a6c2-0e714dd6efcb/
