taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E05914FFCABD6DFF1BF98D98837267.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Vedalia sieboldii Mulsant, 1850; subsequent designation by Crotch, 1874: 281.	en	Czerwiński, Tomasz, Szawaryn, Karol (2024): Revision of the Mexican ladybird genus Vedalia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 5406 (1): 153-164, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8
03E05914FFCABD6DFF1BF98D98837267.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Based on the following set of characters Vedalia belongs to the tribe Chnoodini: antenna short, composed of 11 antennomeres (9 to 11 in other Chnoodini) (Fig. 3 a), scape greatly expanded, swollen (Fig. 3 a); distinct eye canthus present (Fig. 1 d); terminal maxillary palpomere broad, securiform (Fig. 3 d); labial palp composed of three palpomeres (Fig. 3 b); femora and tibiae broadened (Fig. 2 b); tibiae with two apical spurs (Fig. 3 g) (in other Chnoodini mostly absent or single, rarely double spurs present in some species of Exoplectra and Chnoodes). Vedalia can be distinguished from all other genera of Chnoodini by the shape of abdominal postcoxal lines: incomplete, recurved, not reaching hind edge of ventrite 1, while in genera Neorhizobius Crotch, Dioria Mulsant and Sidonis Mulsant they are complete; in Gordonita González, Chnoodes Chevrolat and Exoplectra they reach hind edge of ventrite 1; in Coeliaria Mulsant, Dapolia Mulsant, Incurvus González, Siola Mulsant and some species of Chnoodes and Exoplectra an additional oblique line is present. Vedalia in general appearance resembles the most Chnoodes, Exoplectra and Sidonis. However, it differs from Chnoodes, not only by shape of postcoxal lines, but also by having larger body size, antennae composed with 11 antennomeres with 3 - segmented club (most species of Chnoodes have antennae composed with 10 antennomeres with 4 - segmented club) and double tibial spurs (in Chnoodes often with single spur or without spurs). From Exoplectra it differs by having simple tibiae, epipleura without foveae for reception of femora, and sexual dimorphism in shape of tarsal claws (angulate tibiae, foveae on epipleurae present and non-dimorphic tarsal claws in Exoplectra). From Sidonis it can be easily separated by having oval body shape, antennae with 11 antennomeres, incomplete postcoxal lines, short and weak grooves on prosternal process, short and adjacent pubescence on dorsum (Sidonis has cordiform body, antennae with 10 antennomeres, complete postcoxal lines, complete carinae on prosternal process, long and erect pubescence on dorsal body surface).	en	Czerwiński, Tomasz, Szawaryn, Karol (2024): Revision of the Mexican ladybird genus Vedalia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 5406 (1): 153-164, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8
03E05914FFCABD6DFF1BF98D98837267.taxon	description	Redescription. TL: 5.0 – 6.5 mm; EW: 4.0 – 5.0 mm. Body oval (Figs 1 a, d, e; 2 a), moderately convex, winged. Dorsum with single size punctures, punctures on pronotum coarser than on elytra. Pubescence moderately long and uniform, directed anteriorly on pronotum, radially on scutellar shield and posterolaterally on elytra. Head partially covered by pronotum (Figs 1 c, 3 c); ventral antennal grooves deep, distinctly circular bent towards outer margin of an eye (Fig. 3 d). Eyes dorsally with inner orbits sub-parallel, coarsely facetted; interfacetal setae present, sparse; eye canthus large, reaching half width of an eye (Fig. 1 d); interocular distance about 0.6 × head width across eyes. Antenna (Fig. 3 a) 0.6 × as long as head capsule width, composed of 11 antennomeres; scape enlarged, distinctly roundly projected anteriorly; pedicel narrower than scape, barrel-shaped, about the same length as width; terminal antennomere enlarged. Antennal insertions partially visible from above. Anterior clypeal margin emarginate with anterolateral lobes roundly projected (Fig. 1 d). Labrum truncate at apex. Mandible bidentate at apex (Fig. 3 b). Maxilla (Fig. 3 b) with cardo transverse; maxillary stipes deeply foveate to accommodate maxillary palp in repose, basistipes with distinct ridge; lacinia elongate, covered with moderately long setae; galea narrow, C-shaped, densely setose apically; maxillary palp composed of 4 palpomeres, palpomere 2 subtriangular, elongate, longer than palpomere 3; terminal palpomere distinctly securiform. Submentum short, transverse; mentum sub-quadrate with sides sub-parallel, anterior edge emarginate with large rounded lobes (Fig. 3 b); prementum transverse, anteriorly truncate; labial palps separated by distance about equal to width of palpiger; palp composed of 3 palpomeres, apical palpomere sub-parallel, as long and as broad as penultimate one. Prothorax. Pronotum (Fig. 3 c) with anterior corners rounded, slightly produced anteriorly, not swollen with regular border; anterior and posterior margin without border; lateral margin with entire border. Prothoracic hypomeron smooth (Fig. 3 d), densely covered with hairs. Prosternum in front of coxa about 0.3 × as long as coxal longitudinal diameter at the same position; anterior pronotal margin straight, with visible bordering line; notosternal suture visible (Fig. 3 b); procoxal cavity distinctly transverse with lateral slit, with complete bordering line close to the cavity; prosternal process narrow, about 0.2 × as wide as corresponding coxal width, with sides parallel and apex rounded, its surface without carinae, with a pair of shallow, longitudinal grooves in apical part (Fig. 3 d). Pterothorax. Mesoventrite (Fig. 3 d) transverse, its anterior edge straight with complete raised border; its surface with shallow depression in middle. Mesoventral process (Fig. 3 d) in middle about 0.5 × as broad as corresponding coxal diameter; meso-metaventral articulation with suture visible; junction straight. Scutellar shield triangular, large (Fig. 3 e), its surface punctate and densely setose. Elytra with sides rounded; lateral margins narrow but visible from above throughout; humeral calli present; surface with single size punctures; elytral epipleuron wide, about 2.0 × as wide as corresponding metepisternum, apically incomplete, not foveate, inner margin with border line reaching level of ventrite 2 (Fig. 2 c). Metaventrite with discrimen visible; metaventral postcoxal lines joined at middle forming arcuate line, laterally slightly recurved, complete (Fig. 3 f). Legs. Trochanters roundly produced (Figs 2 b; 3 f); femora stout, excavated to receive tibiae; tibiae distinctly broadened, with outer margin smooth (Fig. 2 b); tibial apices of mid and hind leg with double spurs in both sexes (Fig. 3 g). Tarsi with four tarsomeres, pro- and mid-tarsal claws in males cleft (Fig. 3 h), hind tarsal claws bifid; in female all tarsal claws bifid (Fig. 3 i). Abdomen (Figs 2 d; 4 a, b). Abdomen with six ventrites in both sexes (Fig. 2 d); abdominal postcoxal lines separate medially, incomplete laterally, posteriorly not reaching hind edge of ventrite 1, recurved; hind margin of ventrite 5 straight in male (Fig. 4 a), slightly emarginate in female (Fig. 4 b); in male ventrite 6 (Fig. 4 d) truncate apically, tergite VIII (Fig. 4 c) rounded apically; in female ventrite 6 (Fig. 4 f) and tergite VIII (Fig. 4 e) rounded apically.	en	Czerwiński, Tomasz, Szawaryn, Karol (2024): Revision of the Mexican ladybird genus Vedalia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 5406 (1): 153-164, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8
03E05914FFCABD6DFF1BF98D98837267.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico.	en	Czerwiński, Tomasz, Szawaryn, Karol (2024): Revision of the Mexican ladybird genus Vedalia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 5406 (1): 153-164, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8
03E05914FFCDBD6CFF1BFB919CC671C9.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (Fig. 5 a, b; designated by Booth and Pope 1989: 363): ‘ SYNTYPE [thin blue card disc] / 210 [thin card disc] / Mex Coffin / 43. [yellow rectangle] / EST [on reverse of plain green rectangle] / W [blue rhombus] / Vedalia sieboldii Muls. Det. Mulsant / 43 Vedalia sieboldi [Mulsant’s hand] / SYNTYPE Vedalia sieboldii Muls. det. R. G. Booth, 1986 / Oxford University Museum of Natural History (OUMNH) ’ (OUMNH). Other material. ‘ Yolotepec / 2302 [green card] / Mexico. Salle Coll. / 43. / B. C. A., VII. Vedalia sieboldi Muls. [Gorham’s hand] / Ortalia lama Muls. Apud Sallé’ (1 male, BMNH); ‘ Mexico. Salle Coll. / Yolotepec / Ortalia lama / B. C. A., VII. Vedalia sieboldii Muls. [Gorham’s hand] / Ortalia lama Muls. Apud Sallé / Vedalia sieboldii Muls. Det. R. G. Booth, 1986 comp. with type’ (1 male, BMNH); ‘ Truqui Mexico. / 23 / 63 [green card] / Fry Coll 1905.100. / 43. / Vedalia sieboldii Mulst’ (1 male, BMNH); ‘ Coll. Muls. 7 / 28 / H Hinton Coll. / Hinton Coll. B. M. 1939 - 583 ’ (1 male, BMNH); ‘ Tejupilco, Mex. Temescaltepec / ca. 4000 ft. 1933 B. M. 1959 - 100. / H. E. Hinton. R. L. Usinger Collectors’ (1 ex., BMNH); ‘ TYPE [crossed out] Sieboldi, cl. nr 57. Westwood [on reverse] ’ (1 male, UMZC); no label data (1 ex., UMZC); ‘ Vedalia sieboldii Muls. det. 1931 / Mexico Koebele / 1566 ’ (1 female, USNM); 1566 / ‘ Mexico Koebele’ (1 female, 5 males, USNM); ‘ Aguascalientes, Aguas., Mexico VI- 29 - 1953 / D. Rockefeller Mex. Exp. 1953 C. & P. Vaurie / Vedalia sieboldi Mulsant det. Dieke 1954 ’ (1 female, AMNH); ‘ Mexico / Vedalia sieboldi Mls. det. R. Korschefsky 1939 / Mus. Zool. Polonicum Warszawa, 12 / 45 ’ (1 ex., MIZ).	en	Czerwiński, Tomasz, Szawaryn, Karol (2024): Revision of the Mexican ladybird genus Vedalia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 5406 (1): 153-164, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8
03E05914FFCDBD6CFF1BFB919CC671C9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. As for the genus.	en	Czerwiński, Tomasz, Szawaryn, Karol (2024): Revision of the Mexican ladybird genus Vedalia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 5406 (1): 153-164, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8
03E05914FFCDBD6CFF1BFB919CC671C9.taxon	description	Redescription. TL = 5.0 – 6.5 mm; EW = 4.0 – 5.0 mm. TL / EW = 1.3; PL / PW = 0.5; EL / EW = 1.0. Body (Fig. 1 a – c, e, f) bicolored. In living specimens (Fig 1 e, f) head black, pronotum with pronotal disc black and sides broadly brick red, scutellar shield black, elytra brick red with two black spots on each elytron: smaller adjacent to scutellar shield and second, much larger occupying apical half of elytron. Ventral side variable in coloration: mouthparts infuscate; antennae brick red, brick red with infuscate club or whole infuscate; hypomera brick red or infuscate; prosternum partially or whole infuscate; meso- and metasternum infuscate; meso- and metaepimera and meso- and metaepisterna partially or entirely infuscate; epipleura brick red; legs dark orange or with partially infuscate femora; abdomen brick red or with partially infuscate ventrite 1. In dried specimens, brick red color turns into dark red (Fig. 1 a – c). Antennomere 3 as long as wide; antennomeres 4 – 8 transverse, antennal club consisting of three antennomeres; antennomeres 9 – 10 transverse, distinctly prominent laterally; terminal antennomere enlarged, truncate apically. Male terminalia and genitalia (Fig 4 g – l). Sternite IX (Fig. 4 g) with base of apodeme membranous, apodeme rod-like, without additional sclerite at base of apodeme; tergite X short, transverse. Tegmen in inner view (Fig. 4 k) with penis guide symmetrical, nearly parallel, tapering into rounded point, slightly recurved apically in lateral view (Fig. 4 l). Parameres well developed, simple, about 1.4 x longer than penis guide, sparsely setose apically; tegminal strut broad, partially membranous. Penis capsule with outer and inner arms well developed (Fig. 4 h); penis of equal diameter along entire length; tip swollen and partially membranous in lateral view (Fig. 4 i), symmetrical in inner view (Fig. 4 j). Female genitalia (Fig. 4 m – o). Spermatheca (Fig. 4 n) vermiform, C-shaped, without clear nodulus and ramus; spermathecal accessory gland short, its opening placed at base of spermatheca; sperm duct short, shorter than spermatheca, its opening broadened, not sclerotized, connected laterally to spermatheca; infundibulum absent. Coxites broadly subtriangular, elongate (Fig. 4 m), upturned and obliquely truncate on apices; styli reduced, bearing long setae in the middle of oval, membranous area (Fig. 4 o). Proctiger longer than coxites, with hind edge rounded (Fig. 4 m).	en	Czerwiński, Tomasz, Szawaryn, Karol (2024): Revision of the Mexican ladybird genus Vedalia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 5406 (1): 153-164, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8
03E05914FFCDBD6CFF1BFB919CC671C9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico, states: Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Estado de México, Oaxaca, Querétaro, Veracruz.	en	Czerwiński, Tomasz, Szawaryn, Karol (2024): Revision of the Mexican ladybird genus Vedalia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 5406 (1): 153-164, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5406.1.8
