identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03EE87AAFFABFF80FE2EFAE7FD5F21A5.text	03EE87AAFFABFF80FE2EFAE7FD5F21A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Heliophobus BOISDUVAL 1828	<div><p>Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828</p><p>Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828, EuropaeorumLepidopterorumIndexMethodicus: 69. Type- species: Phalaenasaponariae BorkHausen, 1792, bysubsequentdesignationbyDuponcHel, 1829.</p><p>Taxonomy. THegenus Heliophobus appearsasacompactandclearly defined, monopHyleticlineageWitHintHe Sideridis Hübner, 1821 – Conisania Hampson, 1905 cladeoftHesubfamilyHadeninae. THeentirecladecanbe cHaracterisedbyseveralsHaredfeaturesoftHemalegenitalia, e. g. tHealmost symmetricalvalvae, tHereducedHarpe, tHeWelldevelopedsaccularexten- sions, andtHedistalfasciaofcornutiintHevesica, etc. THiscommonbasic structureoftHemalegenitalia (tHe “ Sideridis - type ” claspingapparatus) istHe mainreasonoftHedifferentevaluationoftHesupraspecificcategoriesWitHin tHegenericcomplex. THedifferent – lumpingorsplitting – conceptsabouttHe taxonomicinterpretationoftHemainlineages ( Sideridis, Colonsideridis Beck, 1991, Aneda SukHareva, 1973, Heliophobus, Conisania, Luteohadena Beck, 1991, Saragossa Staudinger, 1900 and Dianthivora Varga et Ronkay, 1991) led to tHe frequentcHangesoftHeirrank. THe Heliophobus lineageappearsasclearly monopHyletic, andrepresentsaratHerbasalbrancHontHepHyletictreeoftHe genericcomplex. Itssupposedsister- groupisnoneoftHeabove- mentioned supraspecifictaxabutanunnamedlineagerepresentedbyasinglespecies, “ Polia ” costirufa Draudt, 1950. THus, intHeopinionoftHeautHors, isbetter interpretedasadistinctgenustHanasubgenusof Sideridis .</p><p>THegenusincludestWomainspecies- groups, tHe reticulata – unicolor and tHe texturata – kitti groups. THereareconspicuousdifferencesbetWeentHetWo mainlineagesintHeWingpatternandsomeotHerexternalfeatures, andtHe differencesintHestructureoftHegenitaliaofbotHsexesareessential. Itcanbe stated, basedontHe „groundplan” oftHegenitaliaoftHetWodifferentgroups, tHattHeclaspingapparatusoftHe H. texturata – H. kitti lineageHaspartlylost itsabilityforfixingtHefemalebody, buttHisfunctionHasbeentakenoverby tHeWindingandsclerotisationoftHefemaleductusbursaeandtHestronger vesicaoftHemales.</p><p>Diagnosis. THeexternalappearanceoftHeadultsisverycHaracteristic andeasilyrecognisable. THisforeWingpatternWitHtHecontrasting, WHitisH orocHreous- WHitefillingoftHeantemedialandpostmedialcrosslines, tHe similarlyWHiteorWHitisHsubterminalline, tHepalecoveringontHeveins andtHeWHiteorWHitisHoutlinesoftHeorbicularandreniformstigmataon adarkbroWnorgreygroundisagroupfeatureoftHegenus. Similarcol- ourationmayappearincertainotHernoctuidgroupsliketHenotveryclosely related, subtropicalHadenine Dictyestra Sugi, 1982 ortHexylenine Genoveva eximia Zilli, Varga, RonkayetRonkay, 2009).</p><p>THediagnosticfeaturesoftHemalegenitaliaaretHeWelldevelopedcu- cullusWitHmostlyslenderneck, tHereductionoftHedigitusonatleastone side, tHelarge, flattened, falciformormoon- sHapedsaccularextension, and tHelong, axis- likesclerotizedribbonoftHeproximalHalfoftHevesica. THe vesicaislong, tubular, Helicoidorrecurved (notT-sHaped); tHearmatureof tHevesicaisvariable, displayingtWomaintypes. THevesicaintHe reticulata - groupisHelicoid, WitHoutbasalandmedialcornutibutWitHlongbrusH-like distalfieldofcornuti; tHatoftHetaxaoftHe texturata -groupisreclinatedor- sally and armed by groups and roWs of fine spinules in tHe basal and medial sectionsWHiletHedistalbrusH-likefieldisreduced, sHortandWeak.</p><p>THefemalegenitaliasHoWtHemainfeaturesoftHe “ Sideridis – Conisania ” groundplanWitHtHemedium- longandconicalovipositor, tHesclerotised antrumandductusbursae, tHeWell- developedappendixbursaeandtHesacculiformcorpusbursaeWitHlong, interruptedsignum- stripes. THefemale genitaliaoftHetWospecies- groupsareeasilydistinguisHedbytHestructure oftHeductusbursaeandtHeappendixbursae; tHeductusbursaeoftHe reticulata -groupissHortandstraigHt, andtHeappendixbursaeisHelicoid, WHiletHe ductusbursaeoftHemembersoftHe texturata -groupisconsiderablylonger andratHerS-sHaped, andtHeappendixbursaeissHorterbutstrongersclero- tised.</p><p>THedetailedcHaracterisationoftHetWomainspecies- groupsandtHeir speciesisgivenintHefolloWingsection.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87AAFFABFF80FE2EFAE7FD5F21A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő;Ronkay, László;Gyulai, Péter	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő, Ronkay, László, Gyulai, Péter (2015): A Revision Of The Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61 (2): 147-188, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.61.2.147.2015, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.61.2.147.2015
03EE87AAFFAEFF85FE00FD4FFD99262B.text	03EE87AAFFAEFF85FE00FD4FFD99262B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Heliophobus reticulata (Goeze 1781)	<div><p>Heliophobus reticulata (Goeze, 1781)</p><p>(Figs 1–4, 55–56; 58–72)</p><p>Phalaena reticulata Goeze, 1781, Entomologische Beyträge zu des Ritter Linné Zwölften Ausgabe desNatursystems 3: 254. Type- locality: nolocalitygiven.</p><p>Synonymy:</p><p>Phalaenareticulata Villers, 1789, CaroliLinnaeiEntomologica 2: 254 (nom. preocc.). Type- lo- cality: Europe.</p><p>Noctua calcatrippae VieWeg, 1790, Tabellarisches Verzeichniss der in der Churmark Brandenburg einheimischenSchmettlinge 2: 71. Type- locality: [Germany] Brandenburgregion.</p><p>Phalaena saponariae BorkHausen, 1792, Der Phalaenen zweite Horden, Eulen. Naturgeschichte der Europaischen Schmetterlinge nach Systematischer Ordnung 4: 370. Type- locality: no localitygiven.</p><p>Noctua marginosa HaWortH, 1809, Lepidoptera Britannica; sistens Digestionem novam Insectorum Lepidopterorum quae in Magna Britannia Reperiuntur, Larvarum Pabulo, Temporeque Pascendi; Expansione Alarum; Mensibusque Volandi; Synonymis atque Locis ObservationibusqueVariis 2: 193. Type- locality: England, Norfolk.</p><p>Heliophobuslohi Noel, 1906, LeNaturaliste 28: 227. Type- locality: [France] Doubs.</p><p>Heliophobus saponariae hibernica Cockayne, 1944, Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation 56: 55. Type- locality: Ireland, CountyCork. Holotype: male.</p><p>Material examined. Hungary. 1 male, Tiszakécske, 23. VI.1962, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slide No. 170 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 male, Monorierdő, 15. VI. 2006, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slideNo. 161 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 male, Monori- erdő, 28. V.1983, leg. S. J. Simonyi, slide No. 165 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 male, Monorierdő, 21. VI.1980, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slide No. 171 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Bu- dapest) ; 1 male, Sóskút, Fundoklia, 3. VI.2000, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slideNo. 162 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 3 males, 1 female, Epöl, 21. V.2009, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slide Nos 330m, 331m, 334m, 325fSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 2 males, 7 females, Epöl, 19–21. VI.2009, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slide Nos 333m, 455m, 327f, 328f, 329f, 332f, 339f, 404f, 406fSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 female, Bakonykúti, 5.VII.1994, leg. G. Rácz , slideNo. 178 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, Bakonykúti, 29. VI.2002 leg. G. Rácz , slideNo. 239 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, Vászoly, Öreg-Hegy, 8.VII.1978, leg. S. JSimonyi, slideNo. 166 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. SimonyiBudapest) ; 1 male, Vászoly, Öreg- Hegy, 10. VI.1979, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slideNo. 172 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 female, Vászoly, Hűvös- völgy, 3. VI.1983, leg. L. Szécsényi , slideNo. 179 SJ. Simonyi (coll. L. Szécsényi, Budapest) . Romania. 1 male, Transylvania, Balan, 1450 m, PiatraSinguratica, 7–8.VII.1983, leg. Peregovits L. , slide No. 241 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, MT Vran- cea, CHeileTisitei, 30. VI.2007, leg. L. Székely, slideNo. 275 SJ. Simonyi (coll. L. Székely, Romania, Sačele) . Switzerland. 1 male, 1 female, Wallis (Simplon) Gabi, 10.VII.1968, leg. J. Wettstein , slide Nos 184m, 185f SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 5 males, Wallis, CHandolin, 2000 m, 10–20.VII.1984, slide Nos 446, 454 SJ. Simonyi, coll. A. Saldaitis (coll. S. J. Simonyi Bu- dapest); 1 female, Wallis, Soussillon, 1400 m, 15.VII.1981, slideNo. 456 SJ. Simonyi, coll. A. Saldaitis (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) . Italy. 1 male, 2 females, SoutHTyrol, SesvennaMts, vicinityofMals, 1550–1600 m, betWeenPremajurandLutascHg, 7–10.VII.2004, leg. A. Kun &amp; L. Ronkay , slide Nos 230f, 231f SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) . Montenegro. 1 male, Durmitor Mts, ZmijnicJezero, 6.VII.1958, 1500 m, leg. Dr. Gozmány , slideNo. 192 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 female, DurmitorMts, ZmijnicJezero, 29. VI.1958, 1500 m, leg. Dr. Gozmány , slideNo. 193 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; Bulgaria. 1 male, Sofia, Kostinbrod, 15.VII.2005, leg. L. Székely , slideNo. 274 S.J. Simonyi (coll. L. SzékelyRomania, Sačele) ; 1 male, CentralBal- kanMts, KaldterskaPlanina, 1700 m, (coll. L. Székely, Romania, Sačele) ; Russia. 2 males, 1 female, S. Russia, Selyavnoe, Donriver, VoronezHdistr. 15–18. VI.1989, leg. A. Belyalov , slide Nos 196m, 225f, 279mSJ. Simonyi (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 3 males, Russia, Baskiria, Alkino, 100 m, 17–18. VI.2001, leg. M. Danilevsky , slide Nos 434, 447, 448 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 2 males, 2 females, S. Ural, Orenburgregion, 5 kmWofDonskoe village, 7–12.VII.2004, leg. V. Višinskas, slideNos 450m, 451m, 453fSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 2 males, Orenburgregion, Podgornoe, 10 kmW 16–19.VII.2004, leg. V. Višinskas, slideNos 430m, 452mSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) . Kazakhstan. 1 male, Kustonajreg., Toguzakriver, 170 m, 19. VI.2001, leg. M. Danilevsky , slideNo. 300 S.J. Simonyi (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 1 male, Kustonajreg., Toguzakriver, 170 m, 15. VI.2001 leg. M. Danilevsky , slideNo. 449 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) .</p><p>Redescription. Wingspan 34–46 mm. HeadbroWnisHgrey, collarcHequeredWitH ligHtanddarkstripes. TegulaebroWnisHgrey, tHeirborderligHtWitHdarkstripe. MetatHo- racictuftbroWnisH-grey, borderedbyWHitisH; abdomenandabdominalridgescoloured bybroWnisH-grey; dorsalcrestWell- developed. ForeWingratHerbroad, broadertHantHe otHerspeciesoftHe reticulata -group; apexsligHtlyrounded; costaalmoststraigHt; outer edgesligHtlyarcuate. GroundcolourviolaceousbroWn, sometimesbroWnisH-greyordark greyWitHviolaceousgloss; costalmargincHequeredbyligHtanddarkspots. VeinsappearastHinWHitisHlines, exceptintHeterminalareaWHeretHeycoveredbydarkbroWn. CrosslinespinkisH-WHitetogreyisH-WHite, definedbydarklines; medianfasciadark broWn, oftenratHerblurred; postmediallineobliquebeloWcell. Orbicularandreniform stigmataencircledbyblackisHandWHitisHlinesandfilledbygroundcolour; reniform stigmaWitHWHitisHinternalstripe; claviformstigmalarge, darkbroWnoutlinedandfilled WitHgroundcolour. SubterminallineWHitisH, mostpartssligHtlyWaved; W-markatmedi- alveinssHarplydefined; arroWHeadspotsdark, long, andsometimesobsolescent. Terminal linefine, pinkisH-ocHreous, folloWedinWardsbyaroWofsmall, dark, flattenedtriangles; fringesstriolatebyligHtanddarkstripes. HindWinggreyisH-WHiteWitHsomeocHreous sHade; veinsandbroadmarginalareacoveredbybroWn; discalspotandtransverseline obsolescentbutdiscernible. TerminallinebroWn; fringespinkisHorocHreous, WitHbroWn- isHstripes. UndersideofforeWinggreyisH-broWn, reniformstigma, crosslineandmarginal areadarkertHangroundcolour. UndersideofHindWingligHter, WHitisH-greyWitHocHre- oussHade; veinsandcostalareasuffusedWitHbroWnisH; discalspot, transverseline, and marginalareadarkened.</p><p>Malegenitalia (Figs 58–69). Claspingapparatusalmostsymmetrical, ratHerrobust. UncusmoderatelyWideorslender, spearHead- like, itsapexpointed; fulturainferiorbroad, deltoidal; vinculumV-sHaped. ValvabroadandevenlyarcHedtoWardsnarroWneckof cucullus; sacculusWide, sclerotised, WitHHeavilysclerotised, pointedextension; clavus rougHlyserrated. CostalmarginWitHlarge, moreorlesstriangularsubapicallobe, ventral partofcostalplatefolded. BotHdigitusesreduced, leftoneusuallystrongerandmore developed. Cuculluslarge, broadeneddistallyandroundedterminally, itssHaperatHer variableindividually; coronaWell- developed, coronalsetaerelativelysHort, subapicalarea covereddenselyWitHlongersetae. Aedeagustubular, sligHtlyarcuate; distalendWitH large, flattenedventro- lateralcarinalplateandterminaltHorn. Vesicatubular, sligHtly tapering, usuallyrecurvedtoWardsdorsalendofaedeagus, onlyrarelycoiledmedially. Sclerosetoseareaandrecurvingcostapresent, accessoryribbonlong, tapering, onlyoccasionallyreducedorabsent; distalcornutifieldlong.</p><p>Femalegenitalia (Figs 70–72). OvipositorcorrespondstotHe „groundplan” oftHespe- cies- group. Distal, sclerotisedpartofductusbursaeusuallyendsbeforeproximalmembra- nouspart, exceptstrong, medialfold; sclerotisedareamaybecomeWeakertoWardsproximal membranouspartofductusbursae. Appendixbursaemakesonecoil, WitHsligHtsclerotisa- tionatproximalsection; corpusbursaemembranous, rounded, WitHfourroWofsigna.</p><p>Bionomics. Heliphobusreticulata inHabitsgrassyplains, andratHer opened, WoodedHillyandmesomontaneareas; intHemoresoutHernpartsof itsrange (soutHfromtHemaincHainoftHeAlpsinFrance, SWitzerland, Italy andSlovenia, Bulgaria, Greece, andNWTurkey) tHespeciesconfinestotHe HigHeraltitudes, upto 2000 melevations. THemotHsareontHeWingfrom tHebeginningofMaytotHeendofJuly. THelarvalfoodplantsarecarnation ( Silene, Melandrium, Lychnis, and Dianthus) and related species (e.g. Saponaria).</p><p>Distribution. THespeciesisWidespreadinEuropefromtHeBritisHIsles andtHeIberianPeninsulatotHeUralregion; tHereareconfirmedrecordsfrom WesternKazakHstanandBasHkiria. THeeasternpartoftHeareaislessexploredduetotHesmallnumbersoftHeavailablespecimensWitHconfirmed identificationbygenitaliadissections.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87AAFFAEFF85FE00FD4FFD99262B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő;Ronkay, László;Gyulai, Péter	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő, Ronkay, László, Gyulai, Péter (2015): A Revision Of The Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61 (2): 147-188, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.61.2.147.2015, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.61.2.147.2015
03EE87AAFFBEFF97FE14FF49FDA127D7.text	03EE87AAFFBEFF97FE14FF49FDA127D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Heliophobus dalmae Simonyi 2010	<div><p>Heliophobus dalmae Simonyi, 2010</p><p>(Figs 5 –8,84–86)</p><p>Heliophobusdalmae Simonyi, 2010, NoctuidaeEuropeae 12: 185, pl. 14, figs 16–20. Type- locali- ty: Turkey, Prov. Agri, CakmakDagH. Holotype: male, incoll. HNHM.</p><p>Typematerialexamined. Holotypemale, Turkey, Prov. Agri, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.461197&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.77911" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.461197/lat 39.77911)">ÇakmağDaği</a>, 2250 m, 3 km NE of Hayrangöl, 39°46’44,8”N; 42°27’40.30”E, 16–17.VI.1994, leg. S.J. Simonyi; slide No. 168 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi; depositedintHeHungarianNaturalHistoryMu- seum, Budapest). AlongseriesofparatypesfromTurkey, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Iranand tHeRussiansideoftHeCaucasusrange, listedintHeoriginaldescription .</p><p>Diagnosis. Heliophobusdalmae WasrecentlydescribedintHeNoctuidae Europeae, Vol. 12 (pages 185–187), folloWingtHestandardoftHepresentpublication. THus, tHereisnoneedtorepeattHedetailsoftHediagnosisandde- scription, andonlytHemostdistinctivefeaturesaresummarisedbeloW.</p><p>THe foreWing of H. dalmae is narroWer tHan tHose of H. reticulata and H. unicolor, HavingtHeapexmorepointed, tHanin H. mongoliensis and H. reticulata (tHeapexoftHelatterspeciesisratHerrounded). Heliophobusdalmae differs fromtHesetHreecloselyrelatedspeciesbyitspalegreyisH-WHitisHsuffused broWnforeWinggroundcolourWitHocHreousHue, andbytHenarroWerand paler, broWnisH-greymarginalsuffusionoftHeHindWing. Wingspan 34–42 mm.</p><p>THediagnosticfeaturesoftHegenitalapparatusof H. dalmae aretHebiggestandbroadestaedeagusWitHintHisspecies- group, tHelongandcoiled vesicaWitHtWofullcoils, longandWavedsclerotisedribbonandWitHsHort cornutifieldintHemales; andtHetWocoilsoftHeappendixbursaeintHefe- males, incorrespondenceWitHtHeconfigurationoftHemalevesica. THeWell- developedleftdigitusof H. dalmae issimilartotHatof H. unicolor .</p><p>Bionomics. THeHabitatsof H. dalmae aredrymeadoWs, Hillsidesandxe- rotHermicgrasslandsoftHeHigHmountains, betWeen 1100–2800 maltitudes. THeadultscanbefoundfrommid- MaytobeginningofAugust.</p><p>Distribution. Heliophobusdalmae occursintHeCrimeanPeninsula, tHe Caucasusrange, TurkeyandNWIran.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87AAFFBEFF97FE14FF49FDA127D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő;Ronkay, László;Gyulai, Péter	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő, Ronkay, László, Gyulai, Péter (2015): A Revision Of The Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61 (2): 147-188, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.61.2.147.2015, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.61.2.147.2015
03EE87AAFFBEFF9BFECAFABAFCC4250B.text	03EE87AAFFBEFF9BFECAFABAFCC4250B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Heliophobus mongoliensis Simonyi	<div><p>Heliophobus mongoliensis Simonyi sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 21–25, 57; 87–100)</p><p>Holotype. Male, Mongolia, Bulganaimak, 5 kmWvonSomonDasHincHilen, 1140 m, Exp. Dr. Z. Kaszab, 1964, No. 253, 3.VII.1964, slide No. 199m S.J. Simonyi (coll. HNHM).</p><p>Paratypes. Mongolia. 1 male, Bulgan aimak, Namnan ul Mts, 23 km NW of Somon CHutag, 1150 m, Exp. Dr. Z. Kaszab 1968, No. 977; 17. VI.1968, slide No. 204m SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 male, Bulgan aimak, 11 km W of Somon Bayannuur, at lake Bayan, No. 1144, Exp. Dr. Z. Kaszab, 24.VII.1968, slide No. 212m SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 4 males, Bulgan aimak, 63 km W of Erdenecant, 1500 m, 47°20’35”N, 103°39’96”E, 12. VI.1997, leg. L. Lőkös &amp; L. Peregovits, slideNos 236m, 238m, 242m, 243mSJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 3 males, Centralaimak, 12 kmSofSomonBayanbarant, 1380 m, Exp. Dr. Kaszab, 1967, No. 776, 8. VI.1967, slide Nos 176m, 173m, 202m SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 2 males, Central aimakSEofSomonBayanzogt, 1600 m, Exp. Dr. Kaszab, 11. VI.1966, slideNos 182m, 206m SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 male, Central aimak, Colut Tsagan Doel, 46°55’N, 107°30’E, 17–20.VII.1984, 1300 m, leg. K. Černy, slide No. 200m SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 2 males, 1 female, Centralaimak, UlaanBaatar, MtsBogd, Zaisanvalley, 1700 m 47°51’48’’N, 106°54’01’’E, 13. VI.1997, leg. L. Lőkös &amp; L. Peregovits, slideNos 187m, 240m, 186fSJ. Simo- nyi (coll. HNHM); 1 female, Central aimak, Uliastin am, Uliastin gol river, 30 km NE of Ulaan Baatar, 1931 m, 48°04’37,0”N, 107°04’05,8”E, 10–11.VII.2004, leg. J. Puntsagdulam &amp; Tögs- Erdene, slideNo. 233fSJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 2 males, SaargaMort, 20 kmNEof UlaanBaatar, 1400–1500 m, 48°03’N, 107°04’E, 17–19.VII.1987, leg. L. Peregovits, M. Hre- blay &amp; P. Stéger (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary); 2 males, Centralaimak, 1400–1600mTsa- gaan Davaa, 20 km NW of Bayan Tsadmani, 48°17’N, 106°05’ E, 18–23.VII.1988, leg. L. Peregovits &amp; Z. Varga, slideNos 375m, 376mSJ. Simonyi (coll. Gy. Fábián, Budapest); 1 female, CHenteiaimak, Tsenkermandal, ModotoCHomteiMts, 1600–1800m, 47°48’N, 109°04’E, leg. K. Černy, 9–14.VII.1981, slide No. 181f SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 male, Central aimak, 10 km NE of Songino, at river Tola, 1250 m, 47°50’N, 106°38’E, 16.VII.1987, leg. L. Peregovits, M. Hreblay &amp; T. Stéger (collDr. P. GyulaiHungary); 2 males, 1 female, ArkHangayaimak, KHangayMts, 8 kmWofSomonUrdtamir, 1620 m, Exp. Dr. Z. Kaszab, No. 537, 18. VI.1966, slide Nos 190m, 201m, 207f SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 2 males, ArkHangayaimak, KHangajMts, 2000 m, Tsetserleg, 21.VII.1996, leg. S. Farkas &amp; I. Zs. TótH (collDr. P. GyulaiHungary); 2 males, ÖvörkHangayaimak, MtsHangay, 15 kmSWHud- jirt, 2150 m, 46°44’84”N, 102°43’40”E, 9. VI.1997, leg. L. Lőkös &amp; L. Peregovits, slideNos 208m, 209mSJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 male, ÖvörkHangayaimak, MtsHangaynnuruu, 2150 m, HarHorin, 46°12’N, 102°49’E, 29–30.VII.1986, Exp. Gy. Fábián, M. Hreblay, L. Pere- govits &amp; G. Ronkay, slideNo. 211mSJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 female, SoutHGobiaimak, Hejon nuruu, Frontier station, Ovot CHuural, 1500 m, Exp. Dr. Z. Kaszab, 20. VI.1967, slide No. 191fSJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 male, SoutHGobiaimak, 10 kmNNEofDalanzadgad toWn, 1450 m, Exp. Dr. Z. Kaszab, No. 898, 7.VII.1967, slideNo. 205mSJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 male, BayanÖlgiyaimak, valleyofCHavcHalingolriver, 24 kmofSomonTsa- gannuur, 1890 m, Exp. Dr. Z. Kaszab, No. 1042, 29. VI.1968, slide No. 203m SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 male, BayanÖlgiyaimak, MongolianAltayMts, Bulganvillage, 6–7. VIII.1986, leg. P. Gyulai; 4 males, CHovdaimak, DzHungarGobi, Bulgansum (intHevil- lage) 31.VII.–1.VIII.1986, leg. P. Gyulai, slideNo. 237mSJ. Simonyi (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary); 2 males, KHövsgölaimak, 6 kmWNWofSomonTosontsengel, 1480 m, Exp. Dr. Z. Kaszab, No. 981; 18. VI.1968, slide No. 213m SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 female, Za- vkHanaimak, 1750 m 5kmSWofTsagaanKHayrkHanSum, 47°27’56.9”N, 96°43’25,3”E, 4–5.VII.2003, leg. J. Puntsagdulam &amp; Tögs- Erdene, slideNo. 232fSJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 female, GoviAltayaimak, GoviAltayMts, 6 kmSofTögrög, 1750 m, 45˚51’N, 94˚45’E, 6.VIII.1988, leg. L. Peregovits &amp; Z. Varga, slideNo. 379fSJ. Simonyi (coll. Gy. Fábián, Bu- dapest); 2 males, 5 females, GobiAltayaimak, MongolianAltayMts (soutHernslope), Mo- goijn- Golvalley, 1800 m, 6–8.VII.2010,45°39’N, 93°49’E, leg. R. Yakovlev &amp; EGuskova, slideNo. OP 2046m (coll. O. Pekarsky, Budapest); 1 male, GobiAltayaimak, DzHungarian Gobi, 15–20 kmNAlag-Nuurlake, 1300 m, 45°19’N, 94°28’E, leg. R. Yakovlev &amp; E. Gusko- va, slideNo. OP 1594m (coll. O. Pekarsky, Budapest); 6 males, Tövaimak, GorkiTereljNP., 6 km S of Terelj, 47°56’N, 107°27’E, 1660 m, 23. VI.2005, leg. B. Benedek &amp; T. Csővári; 1 male, GoviAltayaimak, MongolianAltayMts, 16 kmSEofDzuyl, 46°11’N, 94°01’E, 2070 m, 28. VI.2005, leg. B. Benedek &amp; T. Csővári; 1 male, Centralaimak, TsaganDavaa, 20 kmNW of Bayan Tsadmani, 1440–1600 m, 48°17’N, 106°05’E, 18–23.VII.1988, leg. L. Peregovits &amp; Z. Varga; 2 males, ÖvörHangayaimak, KHanKHögsinUul, 81 kmSWofArvaykHeer, 45°51’N, 101°55’E, 1890 m, 25. VI.2005, leg. B. Benedek &amp; T. Csővári; 1 male, Govi Altay aimak, Mts AdzBogd, valleyofIH-gol, 2100m, 44°45’N; 95°00’E, 3–4-VIII.1988, legL. Peregovits &amp; Z. Varga; 1 male, Töv aimak, 46 km E of Lun, 47°90’N, 105°53’E, 1220 m, 10, VII.2005, leg. B. Benedek &amp; T. Csővári; 1 male, Centralaimak, SaargaMort, 20 kmNEofUlaanBaatar, 1400–1500 m, 48°03’N, 107°04’E, 17–19.VII.1987, leg. L. Peregovits, M. Hreblay &amp; P. Stéger; 1 male, Centralaimak, MtsBogdo- uul, Yarmag, 8 kmSEofUlaanBaatarAirport, 1700 m, 47°50’N, 106°57’E, 17.VII.1988, leg. Cs. Szabóky (coll. G. Ronkay, Budapest); 1 male, Gobi Altayaimak, sourceUsHijn- Bulak, 30 kmNWofBeger, 13.VII.1970, leg. A.F. Emeljanov; 1 male, 1 female, NortHGobiaimak, lakeOrokNuur, 6.VII.1926, leg. P. Kozlov; 2 males, NortHGobiaimak, lakeOrokNuur, IkHe- Bogdo, 14–18. VI.1926, leg. P. Kozlov; 1 female, NortHGobiaimak, riverKHolt, 2–6.VIII.1926, leg. P. Kozlov [allWritteninRussian] (coll. ZISP); 1 male, Hovdaimak, nearErdene- Buren- Somon, 1250 m, sandysemidesert, 4. VII.2007, leg. R. V. Yakovlev &amp; E. Guskova, slideNo. AV0818 Volynkin; 1 male, GoviAltay aimak, AdzH-BogdoMts (NEslope), nearKHalba- KHayrkHanMt., 1700 m, 45°03’N; 94°59’E, 3–4.VII.2011, leg. R. V. Yakovlev, slideNo. AV0814 Volynkin; 1 male, 1 female, Hovdaimak, UencHin- Golvalley, 50 kmNofUencHvillage, 1500 m, 6.VII.2007, leg. R. V. Yakovlev &amp; E. V. Guskova, slideNosAV0819m, AV0816fVolynkin (coll. A. Volynkin, Russia, Barnaul); 1 male, Mongolia, CHenteiaimak, BelgerHaanobo, 90 kmNfromÖndörHaan, 13. VI.1986, ligHttrap (coll. P. Gyulai); 6 males, fromtHesamelocality, 22. V.–25.VIII.1986, ligHttrap (coll. P. Gyulai); 1 male, Mongolia, CHovdaimak, KHovd, intHetoWn, 9–10.VIII.1986, leg. P. Gyulai (coll. P. Gyulai); 2 males, Mongolia, CHovdaimak, DsHungarGobi, Bulgansum, intHevillage, 31.VII.–1.VIII.1986, leg. P. Gyulai (coll. P. Gyulai); 1 male, Mongolia, Bayan Ölgiyaimak, MongolAltai, Bulganvillage, 6–7.VIII.1986, leg. P. Gyulai (coll. P. Gyulai); 1 male, Mongolia, ArHangajaimak, HangajMts, Tsetserleg, 21.VII.1996, leg. S. Farkas &amp; Zs. TótH (coll. P. Gyulai). China. 1 male, NeiMongol, Altan- Xirel, 20–24.VII.2009, leg. E. Kucera (coll. P. Gyulai); Kazakhstan. 4 males, 2 femalesSEAltayMts, KulbinskyMt., Ognovka village, 16. VI.2000, leg. Klimenko, slideNo. 407mSJ. Simonyi (collsS. J. Simonyi, Buda- pest; A. Saldaitis, LitHuania); 1 female, 40 kmSofUst- Kamenogorsk, Siblinkariver, 500 m, 8. VI.2005, 49°35’N, 82°30’E, leg. M. Danilevsky, slide No. 408f SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simo- nyi, Budapest); 1 male, SEKazakHstan, DzHungarskyAlatauMts, 1570 m, 23–27. VI.2012, 44°33,318’N, 79°51,708’E, leg. S. Rybalkin, slideNo. OP 2045m (coll. O. Pekarsky, Buda- pest); 1 male, AltaiMts, Ulanskydistrict, nearVerkHnyayaTaintavillage, KalbinskyRidge, SHybyndy- Kollake, 20. VI.2010, leg. R. V. Artemjev, slideNo. AV0817 Volynkin; 1 female, Zaisan district, Saur Mts, Tas Mt., 2350–2600 m, 47°15’N, 85°04’E, 20–22.VII.2011, leg. R. V. Yakovlev, slideNo. AV0818 Volynkin (coll. A. Volynkin, Barnaul). Russia. 1 male, Russian AltayMts, CHibit, 1200 m, 13. VI.2010, leg. R. Yakovlev, slideNo. 467mSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest); 1 male, Transbaikalia, CHita, slideNo. 188mSJ. Simonyi (coll. Jul. Isaac, incoll. UlbricH; coll. HNHM); 2 males, AltayMts, Ongudaidistrict, KHabarovka, 900 m, 18. VI.2010, leg. R. Yakovlev, slideNos. OP 1595m, OP 1596m (coll. O. Pekarsky, Buda- pest); 2 males, YablonovyHrebet, 19 kmNofBurgen, 19. VI.1995, leg.I. Kostyuk (coll. G. Ronkay, Budapest); 1 male, AltaiRep., KosH-AgacHdistrict, CHuyasteppe, 6 kmSEof CHagan- Uzun vill., 1800 m, 50°04’N, 88°24’E, 12.VII.2009, leg. A. Volynkin, M. Černila &amp; A.N. NakonecHny, slideNo. AV0821 Volynkin; 1 male, AltaiRep., Ust’-Kandistrict, Kan HolloW, 8 km NE of Ust’-Kan, 1090 m 50°57’24”N, 84°51’36”E, 10. VI.2008, M. Černila leg., slideNo. AV0822 Volynkin; 2 males, AltaiRep., Ulagandistrict, 3 kmWAktasHvillage, CHibitkarivervalley, 1300 m, 23. VI.2007, leg. A. V. Volynkin, slideNosAV0823, AV0827 Volynkin; 1 male, AltaiRep., Ust- Koksadistrict, Uimonsteppe, 5 kmNEMulta village, 1000 m, 50°12’30”N, 85°58’59”E, 22. VI.2006, leg. A. V. Volynkin, slide No. AV0824 Volynkin; 1 male, AltaiRep., Ulagandistrict, 26 kmNBalyktuyulvillage, CHuly- sHman river valley, 500 m, 51°00’N, 88°01’E, 8.VII.2009, leg. A. Volynkin &amp; M. Černila, slide No. AV0825 Volynkin (coll. A. Volynkin, Barnaul); 2 males, 1 female, Buryatia, nearMondy, KuliuguisHaMts, 2–7.VII.2012 (collsS.J. Simonyi, Budapest; A. Saldaitis, LitHuania).</p><p>Diagnosis. Heliophobus mongoliensis sp. n. is tHe smallest member of tHe H. reticulata – H. unicolor groupWitHitsWingspan 32–38 mm; itdiffersexter- nallyfromtHetHreecloselyrelatedspecies, besidestHemeasures, byitsmost oftenratHermottledcolourationofforeWing. THedarkspotsoftHebasaland terminalareasarecomparativelysmallertHanintHeotHersiblingspecies, and tHearroWHeadspotsaretHesHortest, incomparisonWitHtHeWidtHoftHe marginalarea. THeligHtmarginalareaWitHmostlyblurredmarkingsmay resembletHemarginalfieldof H. unicolor buttHepostmediallineisconsider- ablymoreoblique (tHatismostlystraigHtoralmoststraigHtbeloWcellin H. unicolor). THeHindWingcolourationresemblesonlytHatof H. reticulata buttHe dark marginal area is broader and usually more accentuated at inner side by anarroWligHtline.</p><p>THeclaspingapparatusof H. mongoliensis sp. n. resemblestHoseof H. unicolor and H. dalmae due tHeir small cucullus and tHe only sligHtly serrated clavusandcostabutdiffersfromtHembyitsratHersHortdigitus. THeconfigu- rationoftHeaedeagusandtHeevertedvesicaWitHlongcornutifieldresemble mostly H. reticulata and H. unicolor, tHedifferencesbetWeentHemareasfol- loWs. THe vesica of H. mongoliensis sp. n. often makes a coil like in H. unicolor, WHile H. reticulata usually Has no coil; tHe accessory ribbon is long, similarly to H. reticulata, WHile tHis ribbon is mostly reduced in H. unicolor . THe tHird relatedspecies, H. dalmae Has, ontHecontrary, largeandtHickaedeagusWitH longandtWiceWavedaccessoryribbon, tWofullcoilsoftHevesicaandsHort cornutifield.</p><p>THefemalegenitaliaof H. mongoliensis sp. n. differfromtHoseoftHetHree relatedspeciesbytHecomparativelysmallercorpusbursae; inaddition, tHere isadistinctborderbetWeentHemembranousanteriorpartandsclerotized posteriorpartofductusbursae (likein H. reticulata) WHiletHerearesclerotis- ed, Wedge- sHapedextensionsattHisareain H. unicolor . THeappendixbursae of H. mongoliensis, H. unicolor and H. reticulata are single coiled, WHile tHat of H. dalmae HastWocoils.</p><p>Description. Wingspan 32–38 mm. ForeWingratHerflattenedtriangle- sHaped, WitH apexsligHtlyroundedorsometimespointed. HeadyelloWisH-grey, sandbroWnorbroWn; collarstriolatebyligHtanddarkstripes, Havingpaleredges; tegulaeandmetatHoracictuft samecolouredastHeHeadandmarkedbydarkandligHtstripes. AbdomensandbroWn orbroWn; lateralabdominalridgessimilarlycoloured. ForeWinggroundcolourocHreous- grey, yelloWisH-grey, orsandbroWn, sometimesdarkbroWnorevenviolaceousbroWn; cos- talmargincHequeredbysHortdarkandligHtstripes. VeinssomeWHatligHtertHanground colour, beingdarkerinmarginalarea, coveredbydarkbroWnscalesandpartlyaccentu- atedbypalerspaces. CrosslinesligHteryelloWisH-broWn, definedbydarklines; median fasciaobsolescent, darkandWaved; postmediallineobliquebeloWcell; subterminalline conspicuous, vividyelloWisHorligHtbroWn, zigzagged. Reniformandorbicularstigmata encircledbyratHerstrongligHtgreyisH-broWnlines, outsideaccentuatedbydarklinesand spots; reniformstigmafilledWitHligHtanddarkstripes, orbicularstigmafilledWitHground colour. ClaviformstigmamarkedonlybyitsdarkframeandfilledWitHgroundcolour. MarginalarearatHerpale, arroWHeadspotsnarroWandrelatívelysHort, mostlyblurred, onlypartlyandHardlydiscernible. TerminallineconsistsofaroWofsmall, darkbroWn triangles. FringesmarkedbydarkandligHtstripes; outeredgedark. HindWingyelloWisHgreyorbroWnisH-grey, WitHbroadgreyisH-broWnmarginalarea; transverselineanddiscal spotusuallyWelldiscernible; transverselinemostlyaccentuatedbynarroW, palestreak betWeentHelineandtHedarkmarginalfield. FringescolouredbyligHtanddarkstripes, outeredgepaleyelloW. UndersideofforeWingligHtyelloWisH-grey; costalandmarginal areassuffusedbybroWn, fillingofreniformstigma, andpostmediallinealsodarkened; veinscoveredbybroWn. UndersideofHindWingligHtyelloWisH-grey, costalareasuffused bybroWnisH; transverselineanddiscalspotsHarplydefined, markedbybroWn.</p><p>Malegenitalia (Figs 87 –96). Uncusmedium- broad, sometimesratHerslender, WitH apexpointed; fulturainferiorslenderandHigHdeltoidal; vinculumWide, V-sHaped. Valvae comparativelybroad; sacculusslender, saccularextensionssclerotised; clavusandcosta sligHtlyserrated. BotHdigitusesreduced, leftoneratHerstrong, oftenWell- developed. Ae- deagussligHtlybent; carinaltHornsmall. Evertedvesicarecurvedor (moreoften) Hasone coil; accessoryribbonandcornutifieldlong.</p><p>Femalegenitalia (Figs 97–100). Corpusbursaesmall, incomparisonWitHtHeentire femalegenitalia. AppendixbursaeHasonecoiltHatcanbesligHtlysclerotisedonitsin- ternalside. DuctusbursaeWitHdistinctborderbetWeenitsmembranousandsclerotised sections; membranouspartstrengtHenedbytHin, sclerotisedfolds, tWooftHemsometimes ratHerstrong.</p><p>Bionomics. Heliophobus mongoliensis sp. n. Has been found mainly in tHe xerotHermicpartsofMongolia, tHepreferredHabitatsaresemi- desertsand drysteppes; betWeen 1140–2150 melevations. THevegetationofsomeaffected places consists of mainly Artemisia, Oxytropis, Anabasis, Rhodiola, Astragalus, and Allium species, tHefoodplantoftHespeciesis, HoWever, stillunknoWn. In KazakHstan, tHespeciesWasfoundalsointHeloWerregions, at 500 m, WHile in NW CHina it Was collected in certain HigHer places, up to 2500 m altitude. THemotHsareontHeWingfromtHeendofMaytoendofAugust.</p><p>Distribution. THeneWspeciesisWidespreadinMongolia, additionalre- cordsareknoWnfromNWCHina (CHina- NeiMongol), KazakHstan (SoutH AltaiMts), andRussia (AltaiMts, Transbaikalia, Buryatia). ItsareaisoverlappingWitHtHatof H. unicolor intHeAltaiMountains.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87AAFFBEFF9BFECAFABAFCC4250B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő;Ronkay, László;Gyulai, Péter	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő, Ronkay, László, Gyulai, Péter (2015): A Revision Of The Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61 (2): 147-188, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.61.2.147.2015, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.61.2.147.2015
03EE87AAFF8AFFA1FECEFF49FEAA27E0.text	03EE87AAFF8AFFA1FECEFF49FEAA27E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Heliophobus nepalensis Plante 1982	<div><p>Heliophobus nepalensis Plante, 1982, bona sp.</p><p>(Figs 32 –36,117–122)</p><p>Heliophobus nepalensis Plante, 1982, Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 87: 287, figs 3–4. Type- locality: Nepal, Langtang, KyangjinGompa. Holotype: male, incoll. Plante (coll. MuseumofNaturalHistory, Geneva).</p><p>Typematerialexamined. Holotypemale, Nepal, Langtang, KyangjinGompa, 3900 m, 3–5. VI .1976, leg. &amp; coll. J. Plante; slide No. 705 J. Plante (NHM Geneva). Paratypes. 1 male, 2 females, WitHtHesamedataastHeHolotype, slideNo. VZ2429mVarga, incoll. NHMGenevaandcoll. Vartian, NHMW .</p><p>Additionalmaterialexamined. Nepal. 1 male, 1 female, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=83.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.741667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 83.8/lat 28.741667)">AnnapurnaHimal</a>, Noma pasture, 11 km SE Jomsom, 4000 m, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 9–10.VII.1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László &amp; G. Ronkay , slide Nos RL 9719m, RL9719f Ronkay (coll. G. Ronkay); 1 male, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=83.76667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 83.76667/lat 28.766666)">AnnapurnaHimal</a>, THadung, 5kmSEJomsom, 3450 m, 28°46’N, 83°46’E, 14. VI.1996, leg. Gy. M. László &amp; G. Ronkay , slide No. 310m SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, 3 females, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=83.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.741667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 83.8/lat 28.741667)">Annapurna Himal</a>, 11 km SE Jomsom, Noma pasture, 4000 m, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 9–10. VI.1966, leg. Gy. M. László &amp; G. Ronkay , slide Nos 266m, 267f, 307f, 309f SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 4 males, 2 females, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=83.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.741667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 83.8/lat 28.741667)">Annapurna Himal</a>, 11 km SE Jomsom, Noma pasture, 4000 m, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 9–10. VI.1996, leg. Gy. M. László and G. Ronkay , slide Nos 388m, 389m, 394m, 395m, 397f, 399fSJ. Simonyi (coll. Gy. FábiánBudapest) ; 1 female, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=83.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 83.8/lat 28.75)">Annapurna Himal</a>, 10 km SE Jomsom, 3800m, 28°45’N, 83°48’E, 10.VII.1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László &amp; G. Ronkay , slideNo. 315fSJ. Simonyi (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 1 male, An- napurna <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=83.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.741667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 83.8/lat 28.741667)">Himal</a>, 4000 m, 11 km SE Jomsom, Noma pasture, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 17–18.VII. 1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László &amp; G. Ronkay , slideNo. 308mSJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=83.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.741667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 83.8/lat 28.741667)">Annapurna Himal</a>, 4000 m, 11 km SE Jomsom, Noma pasture, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 17–18.VII.1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László &amp; G. Ronkay , slideNo. 392mSJ. Simonyi (coll. Gy. Fábián, Budapest) ; 2 females, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=83.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.741667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 83.8/lat 28.741667)">AnnapurnaHimal</a>, 11 kmSEofJomsom, Noma pasture, 4000 m, 28°44,5’N, 83°48’E, 9–10. VI.1996, leg. Gy. M. László &amp; G. Ronkay (coll. Gy. Fábián, Budapest) ; 1 female, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=83.76667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 83.76667/lat 28.766666)">AnnapurnaHimal</a>, THadung, 5 kmSEofJomsom, 3450 m, 28°46’N, 83°46’E, 8. VI.1996, leg. Gy. M. László &amp; G. Ronkay (coll. Gy. Fábián, Budapest) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Heliophobusnepalensis differsexternallyfromtHerelatedspe- ciesbytHecolourationofbotHWingsandtHecertainelementsoftHeforeWing markings. THeforeWinggroundcolourof H. nepalensis isgenerallybroWn, WitHoutgreyisH, reddisHorolivesHade; tHeforeWingsof H. texturata Have greyisH Hue; tHose of H. kitti and H. aequalifuscus are finely reddisH, WHile H. bulcsui HasolivesHade. THedistinctivefeaturesoftHeforeWingpatternare tHeconspicuouslybroadandWHitisHantemediallinetHatisaccentuatedby broaddarkborderandtHepostmediallinetHatmostlybecomestobroWn, taperingandobsolescentfromtHemiddleveintoWardstHecostalmargin. THe HindWing of H. nepalensis is usually broWn like in H. aequalifuscus, WHile tHeHindWingsoftHeotHertHreesiblingspeciesaregrey, excepttHebroWn colouredfemaleHindWingof H. bulcsui .</p><p>In tHe male genitalia, tHe uncus of H. nepalensis is broader tHan in H. texturata, H. kitti and H. aequalifuscus; tHe apex of vinculum is broadly rounded, despitetHeratHerpointedvinculumoftHecloserelatives; tHetipoftHesaccular extension is rounded (like in a part of specimens of H. texturata), WHile tHesaccularextensionof H. kitti isseeminglypointed, tHatof H. aequalifuscus is really pointed and of H. bulcsui is truncated. THe cucullus is turned usually at a rigHt angle, like in H. bulcsui, but tHis angle is usually blunt in H. texturata, H. kitti and Haequalifuscus. THevesicaof H. nepalensis isrecurvedtoWardstHe aedeagus, tHatof H. texturata isturnedtotHerigHtatarigHtangle, tHevesica is tWisted WitH one coil in H. kitti and H. aequalifuscus, WHile tHe vesica of H. bulcsui isrecurvedorovercurved, producingacoil. THeproximalpartoftHe vesica is comparatively narroW, similarly to tHose of H. bulcsui and H aequalifuscus; tHispartoftHevesicaisbroadin H. texturata and H. kitti . THelengtH oftHevesicalstitcHextendsaboutone- tHirdofvesica (asin H. bulcsui and H. aequalifuscus), WHiletHevesicalstickof H. texturata and H. kitti isconsiderably longer. THedorsalroWofspinesbetWeentHetWolargegroupsofspinesis stronglydevelopedin H. nepalensis; tHisroWofspinesissparsein H. texturata and H. kitti, beingpracticallyabsentin H. bulcsui, WHiletHeproximalgroup ofspinesisabsentin H. aequalifuscus . THecornutifieldoftHevesicalglansis long and strong in botH H. nepalensis and H. bulcsui, despite tHe ratHer sHort and Weak cornuti field of H. texturata and H. kitti, WHile tHe cornuti field of H. aequalifuscus isabsent.</p><p>IntHefemalegenitalia, tHerecurvedpartofductusbursaeof H. nepalensis isverysHort, mucHsHortertHanin H. kitti, andtHeappendixbursaedoesnot turnedtotHebacksideofcorpusbursae (asHaredfeatureWitH H. bulcsui), in spite of H. kitti and often of H. texturata .</p><p>Redescription. Wingspan 35–39 mm. HeadandcollardarkbroWn, latterWitHligHt edges; tegulaedarkbroWn, WitHblackandsilverymarkings; medialcrestandmetatHo- racictuftdarkbroWnWitHligHtbroWnedges; abdomenandabdominalridgesbroWn. ForeWingratHerbroad, costalmarginsligHtlyarcuate; apexfinelypointed; groundcolour darkbroWn, veinsgenerallyWHitisH, WitHstrongerdarkirrorationinmarginalarea; in- tervenalareasWitHWHitisHorpalebroWnstreaks. Antemediallineconsiderablybroader andligHtertHanpostmedialline, definedbyblackisHspotsatinnerandbytHickstreakat outerside; medianfasciaWaved, diffuseorobsolescent, darkbroWn; upperpartofpost- mediallinetaperingtoWardscosta, becomingmorebroWnisHandobsolescent; postmedial linedefinedbyblackisHatinnerandbypalebroWnspotsatouterside. Orbicularand reniformstigmataencircledbyWHitisHanddarklines; formerfilledbyligHtbroWn, latter bygroundcolour, WitHpalecentralstreak; claviformstigmaanindistinctlyoutlineddark patcH. SubterminallinebroWnisH-WHite, sHarplydefined, sligHtlyzigzagged; arroWHead spotsnotfusedbutmainlyobsolescent; terminallinefine, ocHreous, definedbysmaller orlargerdarktriangles. FringescHequeredbydarkandligHtstripes, medialstripedark broWn, outeredgeligHtbroWn. HindWingbroWn, graduallypalertoWardsbase, costal areaandmarginalfieldbroadlydarkbroWn; veinsdarkened; discalspotsmallbutWell- discernible; transverselinedeleted. Terminallinediffuse, darkbroWn; baseoffringesyel- loWisH, medianstripedarkbroWn, outertHirdpalebroWn. UndersideofforeWingbroWn suffused; innermarginpalerbroWnisH-grey, postmedialandsubterminallinesratHerdark; terminalareapaler. UndersideofHindWingligHtbroWnisH-grey, costalandmarginalareas WitHdarkbroWnsuffusion; discalspotandtransverselineclearlymarked, inneredgeof marginalareafolloWedbyfinedarkline.</p><p>Malegenitalia (Figs 117–120). ClaspingapparatussligHtlyasymmetrical: rigHtvalva sligHtlybroadertHanleftone. Uncusbroad, pointed, WitHnarroWneck; fulturainferior broadlydeltoidal; vinculumalmostU-sHaped, WitHtinyprominenceatventralextremity. Sacculusbroad; clavussmootHexceptofonesmalltHick; saccularextensionarcuate, its tiproundedorWitHunevenedges; rigHtextensionbroadertHanleftone. BotHdigituses reducedtosmallbutWell- visibleremnants; cuculluslarge, coronaandmacrotricHaeWell- developed, rigHtcucullussomeWHatlargertHanleftone; neckofcucullusnarroW, arcuate, turnedtoWardsvalvalendoftenatrigHtangle. Aedeaguslong, tubular, distallytapering; coecumpenisbroad, rounded; carinalplatenarroW, sclerotised, WitHopeningdistaltHorn. Vesicatubular, recurvedtoWardsdistalendofaedeagus, taperingonlysligHtlyfromcom- parativelynarroWproximalparttodistalend; vesicalglansWelldiscernible. VesicalstitcH sHort, extendingfromcarinaltHeopeningtHorntoaboutone- tHirdoflengtHofvesica. DorsalroWofspinesbeginsatWideproximalpartofvesicaWitHaratHersmallgroupof spinesandextendstodistalpart, WHerebecomesbroadandstrong; vesicalglansarmedby comparativelylongandstrongcornutifield.</p><p>Femalegenitalia (Figs 121–122). OvipositorratHersHort, gonapopHysessHort; ostium bursaeandantrumbroad, sclerotised. Ductusbursaelong (itsentirelengtHcatWiceaslong asovipositor- ostiumcomplex), WitHsclerotisedfoldsandlobes; posteriorsectionWitHlobe receivingopeningcarinaltHorn, medialsectionratHerS-sHaped, WitHdeepcurveatrigHt angleatrigHtside, continuinginalongtransverseandafurtHercranio- caudallydirected part, anteriorsectionverysHort, recurved. AppendixbursaeWide, sclerotised, oblique, Hook- like, joiningtosclerotizeddistalendofcorpusbursae; corpusbursaemembranous, broadlyelliptical, WitHfoursHortroWsofsigna.</p><p>Bionomics. Heliophobusnepalensis occursintHeHigHaltitudenon- arbore- albeltsoftHeNepalHimalaya, inbetWeen 3450–4100 melevations. THemain HabitatsarericHsubalpinemeadoWsWitHsparselyWoodedpatcHes, open rockyslopesandalpinegrasslands. THemotHsareontHeWing, depending ontHeactuallocality, fromtHebeginningofJunetotHebeginningofAugust.</p><p>Distribution. THespeciesisrecordedonlyfromNepal, tHeIndianSik- kimandKasHmir.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87AAFF8AFFA1FECEFF49FEAA27E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő;Ronkay, László;Gyulai, Péter	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő, Ronkay, László, Gyulai, Péter (2015): A Revision Of The Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61 (2): 147-188, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.61.2.147.2015, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.61.2.147.2015
03EE87AAFF88FFABFEF3FA8AFDC422AA.text	03EE87AAFF88FFABFEF3FA8AFDC422AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Heliophobus bulcsui Simonyi	<div><p>Heliophobus bulcsui Simonyi sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 42 –49,123–135)</p><p>Holotype. Male, N-Pakistan, 15 kmSEofKarimabad, Hopar, 2700m, 36°11’N; 74°46’E, Nr.16., 14.VI.1992, leg. M. HreblayandG. Csorba, slideNo. 255m, SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM).</p><p>Paratypes. Pakistan. 1 male, WitHtHesamedatasastHeHolotype, slideNo. 262m S.J. Simonyi (coll. HNHM); 1 male, 15 kmSEofKarimabad, Hoparglacier, 2700 m, 36°11’N, 74°46’E, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=74.76667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.183334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 74.76667/lat 36.183334)">No.</a> 16., 14. VI.1992, leg. M. Hreblay and G. Csorba (coll. BMNH (E) 1994–66) ; 2 females, Karakoram Mts, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=74.15366&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.184666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 74.15366/lat 36.184666)">Naltar valley</a>, 2900 m, 36°11,08’N, 74°09,22’E, 20.VII.1998, leg. G. Csorba &amp; L. Ronkay , slideNo. 464fSJ. Simonyi (coll. G. Ronkay, Budapest) . China. 1 male, Sinin, Kuku- Noor, 1901, collectionDr. ScHaWerda (coll. NHMW) ; 1 male, 1 female, Yunnan, DiqingTibetanAutonomousPrefecture, 5 kmSEofDeqintoWn, TasHi’ sGuest- House, near to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.89712&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.474733" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.89712/lat 28.474733)">RerinkHa village</a>, 3356 m, 28°28,484’N, 098°53,827’E, 5–6. VI.2008, leg. B. Benedek , slide Nos 264m, 268f SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 7 males, 2 females, from tHe samesite, 16–20. VI.2009, leg. B. Benedek (collsDr. P. Gyulai, Hungary, A. Floriani, Italy); 1 female, Yunnan, DiqingTibetanAut. Pref., 8 kmNNEofSHangriLa, atNairivillage, 3300 m, 21. VI.2009, leg. B. Benedek (coll. B. Benedek, Hungary) ; 1 female, fromtHesame locality, 14. VI.2009, leg. B. Benedek (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary); 1 male, Yunnan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.66402&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.895216" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.66402/lat 27.895216)">Diqing TibetanAut. Pref.</a>, 8 kmNNEofSHangriLa, 2 kmWofNairivillage, 3242 m, 27°53,713’N, 99°39,841’E, 7. VI.2008. leg. B. Benedek (coll. B. Benedek, Hungary) ; 1 male, Tibet, 3700 m, S-HimalayaMts, Nyalam, 10–12.VII.2001, leg. L. Bieber , slideNo. 349mSJ. Simonyi (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 1 male, Yunnan, surroundingsofZHongDianCity, 3200–3400 m, 3–5.VII.2009, slide No. OP 1913m (coll. O. Pekarsky) ; 2 males, 1 female Yunnan, near ZHong <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.675&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.413334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.675/lat 27.413334)">Dian</a> city, 3350 m, 27°24,800’N, 99°40,500’E, 23. V.2012, leg. Floriani (colls S. J. Si- monyi, Budapest; A. Floriani, Italy; A. Saldaitis, LitHuania) ; 4 males, 2 females, Yunnan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.895&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.495" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.895/lat 27.495)">Lijiang</a>, ZHongDian, nearTuguancun, 3200 m, 27°29,700’N, 99°53,700’E, 24–25. V.2012, leg. Floriani , slideNo. 501fSJ. Simonyi (collsS. J. Simonyi, Budapest; A. Floriani, Italy; A. Sal- daitis, LitHuania) ; 1 male, East- Tibet, Prov. Qamdo, Mekongvalley, 3500 m, 22. VI.1991, leg. WilliFickler , slideNo. 457mSJ. Simonyi (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 1 male, QingHai, Heka Mts, SW of Santa la, 3610 m, 3–4.VIII.1999, leg. P. Gyulai and A. Garai , slide No. 1212 P. Gyulai (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 1 male, QingHaiNE, DabanSHanMts, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.783134&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.2205" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.783134/lat 37.2205)">Nof Datong</a>, 3800 m, 37°13,230’N, 101°46,988’E, 12.VII.2010, leg. Floriani &amp; Saldaitis , slide No. 432mSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 5 males, 2 females, Gansu, SWnearXiaHe (Labrang), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.56347&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.993767" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.56347/lat 34.993767)">Sangkegrasslands</a>, 3568 m, 34°59,626’N, 102°33,808’E, 7.VII.2010, leg. Floriani &amp; Saldaitis , slideNos 433m, 436m, 441m, 412f, 437fSJ. Simonyi, (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Buda- pest); 2 males, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.3323&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.346333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.3323/lat 34.346333)">Gansu</a>, SWroadfromZoigetoLugu, 3660 m, 34°20,780’N, 102°19,938’E, 6.VII.2010, leg. Floriani &amp; Saldaitis , slide No. 439m SJ. Simonyi (colls S. J. Simonyi, Buda- pest; A. Floriani, Italy) .</p><p>Diagnosis. THeneWspeciesiscHaracterisedbytHeoliveHueoftHefore- Wings; tHeotHerspeciesoftHe texturata -groupHavedifferentsHade: tHeHueof tHe ground colour is greyisH in H. texturata, reddisH in H. kitti and H aequalifuscus, WHiletHatof H. nepalensis isclearbroWn. THerearecertaindifferencesbe- tWeentHeforeWingpatternof H. bulcsui andtHecloselyrelatedspecies, WHicH areasfolloWs: tHepostmediallineof H. bulcsui ismoretaperingtoWardscos- talmarginandWeakerdefinedbydarkerspotstHaninitssiblings; tHislineis WHitisHbeloWcellandbecomespalebroWnisHfromtHemiddleveintoWards costa (like in H. texturata), WHile tHe entire line is WHite in H. kitti, and mostly ocHreous- broWntobroWncolouredin H. nepalensis and H. aequalifuscus; final- ly, tHemostprominentligHtmarkingof H. bulcsui istHesubterminalline. THe colourationoftHemaleHindWingof H. bulcsui resemblestHoseof H. texturata and H. kitti, WHiletHeHindWingoftHefemalesisbroWn, similarlytotHoseof H nepalensis and H. aequalifuscus .</p><p>IntHemalegenitalia, tHekeyfeatureoftHeneWspeciesistHetruncated saccularextensionWHicHisuniqueWitHintHegenus. THereareseveralotHer differencesbetWeen H. bulcsui andtHeotHermembersoftHe texturata -group WHicHareasfolloWs. THeuncusof H. bulcsui istHebroadestWitHintHisspe- cies- group; tHevinculumisV-sHapedandpointed, asincertainspecimensof H. texturata, H. kitti and H. aequalifuscus WHile tHe vincular apex of H. nepalensis isalWaysrounded; tHecuculluscanbeturnedalmostatarigHtangle, as in H. nepalensis, WHile tHis angle is usually blunt in H. texturata, H. kitti and H. aequalifuscu s; tHevesicaisverysimilartotHatof H. nepalensis WitHitsnarroW proximalpart, sHortvesicalstitcH, andtHestrongandlongcornutifieldoftHe vesicalglans, butitisoftenovercurvedformingacoil, andtHeroWofspines isalmostentirelyabsentbetWeentHetWolargergroupsofspines. Incompari- son, tHenarroWvesicaof H. aequalifuscus HassimilarlysHortvesicalstitcH, but itistWistedWitHonecoil, andtHeproximalgroupofspinesandtHecornuti fieldareabsent; tHeproximalpartoftHevesicaisbroadin H. texturata and H. kitti, tHeirvesicalstitcHisratHerlong, WitHafullroWofspines, andtHeirvesi- cal glans Has sHort and Weak cornuti field. THe vesica of H. texturata is mostly turnedtotHerigHtatarigHtangle, WHiletHevesicaof H. kitti istWistedWitH onecoil.</p><p>IntHefemalegenitalia, tHelongitudinalpartofductusbursaeof H. bulcsui sp. n. istHesHortestintHespecies- groupWHencomparedWitHtHesize ofcorpusbursae, andtHebasalplatesofapopHysesposterioresareconspicu- ouslybroad.</p><p>Description. Wingspan 36–40 mm. HeadandcollardarkbroWn, latterWitHligHt margins; tegulaedarkbroWnWitHligHt, silveryedges; crestandmetatHoracictuftdark broWnWitHligHttips. ForeWingcomparativelybroad, costalmarginsligHtlyarcuate; apex finelypointed. GroundcolourgreyisH-olivebroWntodarkbroWn; veinsWHitisH, except inmarginalareaWHeretHeycoveredbydarkbroWnandaccentuatedbyligHtstreaks; crosslinesWHitisH, WitHmoderatedarkdefinitionbydarkerdots. Antemediallineoblique, almoststraigHt, WitHfineanglesatcostalandinnermargins; medianfasciablurred, Hardly discernible; postmediallinetaperingandbecomingmorebroWnisHtoWardscosta. Orbicu- larandreniformstigmataencircledbyWHitisHandfilledbygroundcolour; reniformWitH ligHtcentralline; botHstigmatadefinedbydarkspotsonbotHsides; claviformstigmadark borWn, lessdistinct, oftenHardlyvisible. SubterminallinebroWnisHWHite, sHarplyde- fined, sligHtlyzigzagged; arroWHeadspotspartlyfused, usuallynotprominent. Terminal linefine, ocHreous, folloWedbyanalmostcontinuousroWofdarktriangles. Fringesdark broWn, WitHocHreousstreaksatveins, ligHtgreyisH-broWnouteredgeandfineocHreous- broWnlongitudinallines. HindWingofmaleligHtbroWnisH-grey, WitHdarkbroWnmar- ginalsuffusion; tHatoffemaledarkbroWn, becomingpalertoWardsbaseofWing; trans- verselinedeleted, discalspotHardlydiscernible. Terminallineindistinct, broWn; fringes ocHreous- grey, cHequeredbyocHreousatveins, andmarkedbybroWnandocHreous- broWnlongitudinalstripes. UndersideofforeWinggreyisH-broWn, costalmargin, post- medialandsubterminallinesratHerdark; contourofreniformstigmaandinnermarginal arealigHter. UndersideofHindWingligHtbroWn, costalandmarginalareassuffusedWitH darkbroWn; transverselineanddiscalspotdistinctlymarked, darkbroWn. Abdomenand abdominalridgessamecolouredasHindWing.</p><p>Malegenitalia (Figs 123–132). Claspingapparatususuallyasymmetrical, rigHtvalva broader, tHanleftone. Uncusbroad, itsapexpointed; fulturainferiordeltoidal; vinculum V-sHaped, WitHfinelyroundedapex. Sacculusbroad; clavusserrated, saccularextension arcuate, itstiptruncated, WitHpointedinternalangle. BotHdigitusesreduced, Hardlyvis- ibleorabsent. Cuculluslarge, itcanbeturnedventradalmostatarigHtangle; corona andmacrotricHaeWell- developed; neckofcucullusslender. Aedeaguslong, tubular, only sligHtlytaperingaftertHebroadandroundedcoecum. Evertedvesicalong, tubular, only sligHtlytapering, recurvedormakingacoil; vesicalstickextendingonlyaboutone- tHird oflengtHofvesica; vesicalglanscomparativelylong; proximalpartofvesicaWitHasmall groupofspinesatrigHtside, distalpartWitHlonggroupofratHerstrongspines; vesical glansbearinglongandstrongcornutifield.</p><p>Femalegenitalia (Figs 133–135). Ovipositorconical; basalplatesofapopHysespos- terioresbroad, moreorlessrHomboidal; apopHysesratHersHort. Ductusbursaerelatively sHort, sclerotised, WitHalobeforopeningcarinaltHorn, andsclerotisedWitHfolds; lon- gitudinalpartofsHort, inacomparisonWitHlengtHofcorpusbursae. Appendixbursae large, Wide, obliquelyHook- like. CorpusbursaeWide, elliptical- rounded, membranous, WitHfourcomparativelylongroWsofsigna.</p><p>Bionomics. Heliophobus bulcsui sp. n. Has been found in mountainous grasslands, grassy, stonyslopesanddrymeadoWsWitHdiverseHerbaceous vegetation, betWeen 2700–3800 maltitudes. THemotHsareontHeWingin May, JuneandJuly.</p><p>Distribution. THeneWspeciesisknoWntooccurinNortHPakistanand CHina (Tibet, Yunnan, Qamdo, QingHai, andGansu).</p><p>Etymology. THeneWspeciesisdedicatedtoMr. BulcsúSimonyi, sonof tHeseniorautHor.</p><p>Heliophobus aequalifuscus Gyulai et Simonyi sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 50–53,136–143)</p><p>Holotype. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.45027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.61333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.45027/lat 34.61333)">Male</a>, Pakistan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.45027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.61333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.45027/lat 34.61333)">HimalayaMts</a>, KagHanvalley, TatHabaya, 2300 m, 34°36’48”N, 73°27’01”E, 7.VII.1998, leg. G. Csorba &amp; L. Ronkay, slide No. 463m SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest, depositedintHeHNHM).</p><p>Paratypes. Pakistan. 1 male, Jammu &amp; KasHmir, NW of Junkar, 4200 m, 20–30. VII.2003 leg. V. Gurko, slideNo. 1698 P. Gyulai (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 1 male, KasHmir, HimalayaMts, 30 kmNofMurree, Ayubia, 2650 m, 34°01’75”N, 73°24’03”E, 5–6.VII.1998, leg. G. Csorba &amp; L. Ronkay , slide No. 459m S.J. Simonyi (coll. G. Ronkay, Hungary) ; 5 males, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.7&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.7/lat 34.9)">HimalayaMts</a>, KagHanvalley, SaifulMuluk, 3100 m, 34°54’N, 73°42’E; 30. VI.1998, leg. Gy. Fábián &amp; B. Herczig ; slideNos 458m, 461m, 462mSJ. Simonyi (coll. P. Gyulai, MiskolcandG. Ronkay, Budapest) ; 1 female, KagHanvalley, aboveSHogran, Siri- paya, 3000 m, 4.VIII.2011, leg. B. Benedek (coll. P. Gyulai) ; 1 male, KagHanvalley, above SHogran, Siripaya, 3000 m, 4–5.VII.2014, leg. B. Benedek &amp; J. Babics (coll. P. Gyulai) ; 1 fe- male, HindukusH <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.71667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.71667/lat 35.45)">Mts</a>, 35 km N of Dir, Lavarai pass, 3100 m, 35°27’N, 71°43’E, 10.VII.1994, leg. B. Herczig, Gy.M. László &amp; G. Ronkay , slideNo. 460fSJ. Simonyi (coll. G. Ronkay, Hungary) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Heliophobus aequalifuscus sp. n. is tHe closest relative of H. kitti, despitetHebroWngroundcolourofbotHtHeforeWingandtHeHindWingas tHose of botH sexes of H. nepalensis and tHe female of H. bulcsui sp. n. THe ele- mentsoftHeligHtforeWingpatternandtHesometimesWell- discerniblepur- pleHueoftHeforeWingclearlysHoW, HoWever, tHecloserelationsHipWitH H. kitti, asWellastHefeaturesoftHegenitaliaofbotHsexes. THemaindiffer- ences, incomparisonWitH H. kitti, areasfolloWs: tHeligHtmarkingelements areligHtbroWn, notdominantlyWHitisH; tHepostmediallineiscrenellatein itsentirelengtH; tHecomparativelyvividcolouredsubterminallinealsovery stronglyzigzagged; tHepostmediallineisdefinedbytinydark, partlyflat- tenedarroWHead- spotsatinnerside, andtHearroWHead- spotsfolloWingtHe subterminallinearenarroWandratHerdistinct, despiteoftHeblurredand/ orfusedarroWHead- spotsofallcloselyrelatedspecies. THecombinationof tHeentirebroWncolourationofWingsWitHWeakpurpleHueofforeWingand tHestronglycrenellatepostmedialandsubterminallinesWitHWell- defined arroWHead- spotsaretHediagnosticexternalfeaturesof H. aequalifuscus .</p><p>IntHemalegenitalia, tHeclaspingapparatusisverysimilartotHatof H. kitti . THeconsiderableprominenceoftHeclavusisasHaredanddistinctive featureoftHesetWospeciesincomparisonWitHtHeotHertHreemembersof tHe H. texturata species- group. THespecificautapomorpHiesof H. aequalifuscus aretHereallypointedandstronglysclerotisedsaccularextension, andtHe lackoftHecornutifieldfromtHevesicalglans. THevesicaoftHeneWspecies istubular, taperingdistally, WitHoutconspicuousenlargementinitsproxi- mal part (WHicH is present in H. texturata and H. kitti); it is tWisted in a Wide arcH, despitetHetigHtarcHof H. kitti andtHeonlyrecurvedorsimplycoiled vesicaoftHeotHeralliedspecies. THevesicalstickof H. aequalifuscus isoneof tHesHortestintHisgroupWitHitslengtHcaone- tHirdoftHefulllengtHoftHe vesica). THeneWspecieslackstHegroupofproximalspines (allotHermem- bersoftHegrouppossesstHesespines), buttHereisascarceroWofspineson tHeoutersideoftHearcHofvesicatHatbecomestoagroupofstrongspinesin tHemedialtHirdoftHevesica.</p><p>THe female genitalia of H. aequalifuscus are almost as robust as tHose of H. texturata, tHislatterspeciesHastHemostrobustfemalecopulatoryorgan WitHintHisgroup. THesHaredfeaturesoftHefemalegenitaliaoftHesetWo speciesaretHebroadostium- antrumcomplex, andtHeratesofovipositor, appendixbursae, corpusbursaeandductusbursae. THeproximalpartofductus bursaeof H. aequalifuscus WitHsHortlongitudinalandverysHortrecurving sectionsdifferconspicuouslyfromtHelongproximalpartofductusbursaeof H. kitti . Inaddition, tHebasalplatesoftHeapopHysesposterioresareratHer narroW in of H. aequalifuscus, not triangular as in H. kitti and H. nepalensis, or quadrangular as in H. texturata and H. bulcsui, and tHe four roWs of signa on tHecorpusbursaearetHesHortestWitHintHespecies- group.</p><p>Description. Wingspan 34–38 mm. ColourationofHead, collar, tegulaeanddorsal crestgreyisH-broWntodarkbroWn; ligHtborderofcollarHardlydiscernible; marginsof tegulaemarkedbyratHerdarkbroWnline, edgesratHerbroad, ligHtgreyisH; abdomenand abdominalridgessligHtlypalertHanforeWinggroundcolour. ForeWingpointed, costal andoutermarginssomeWHatarcuate; groundcolourgreyisH-broWntodarkbroWnWitH poorlyvisiblepurpleHue; ligHtmarkingelementsofpalertHangroundcolour. Anteme- diallinebroad, accentuatedbystrongdarkbroWnspotsatmedialsection; medianfas- ciaWaved, blurred, darkbroWn; postmediallinecrenulate, definedbytiny, darkbroWn arroWHead- sHapedspotsatmiddlesection. Orbicularandreniformstigmataencircledby darkbroWnandligHtannuliandfilledWitHgroundcolour; reniformstigmaWitHligHtcen- traldasH; contourofclaviformstigmadarkbroWn, itsfillingmottledbroWn. Subterminal lineWHitisH-grey, zigzagged, WitHsHortW-markmedially; arroWHeadspotsoffolloWing subterminallineratHersHarplydefined, tHin, darkbroWn. Terminallineveryfine, ocHre- ous, definedbydistinctdarkbroWntriangles. FringesWitHdarkerandpalerbroWnlon- gitudinalstripes, cHequeredbyfineocHreousstreaksatveins. HindWinggreyisH-broWn todarkbroWn, becomingsomeWHatpalertoWardsbase; veinsratHerdarkbroWn; discal spotHardlyvisible, transverselineobsolete; terminallinediffuse, broWn. FringesocHre- ous, WitHdarkbroWnmedialstripeandpaleocHreous- broWnouteredge. Undersideof foreWingsuffusedbyratHerlargegreyisH-broWnscales; costalmargindarkened; ligHtcon- tourofreniformanddarkpostmedialandsubterminallinesWelldiscernible. Undersideof HindWingirroratedbygreyisH-broWnscales; veins, costalandmarginalareas, transverse lineanddiscalspotdarkbroWn.</p><p>Malegenitalia (Figs 136–142). UncusnarroWormedium- broad, apicallypointed; fulturainferiornarroWdeltoidal; vinculumV-sHaped, terminallyfinelypointedorblunt andsligHtlyrounded. Saccularpartofvalvabroad; clavussligHtlyserrated, itsprominence strong, ratHertootH-like; saccularextensionbroad, Heavilysclerotised, itsapexreally pointed; cucullusbroad, itsnecksHortandslender; coronaWell- developed. Aedeagustu- bular, tapering, WitHeversibleventralcarinalplate, terminatedinopeningtHorn; coecum penisbroad, rounded. VesicatWisted, tubular, almostevenlytapering; vesicalstitcHabout one- tHirdofentirelengtHofvesica. MedialsectionofvesicaarmedbyaWeakroWofspines alongouterarcH, folloWedbyagroupofstrongspines; vesicalglanslong, narroW, most oftenWitHoutcornutifield, sometimesWitHasmallbundleofflimsybristles.</p><p>Femalegenitalia (Fig. 143). Ovipositorbroad, apopHysesposteriorescomparatively long, WitHmoreorlessellipticalbasalplates. Antrumbroad, sclerotised; ductusbursae relativelysHort. Appendixbursaesclerotised, Hook- like, WitHobliquebasalpart; itisvery largeincomparisonWitHcorpusbursae, locatedatdistalendofcorpusbursae. Corpus bursaeWide, rounded, membranousWitHfourverysHortroWsofsigna.</p><p>Bionomics. Heliophobusaequalifuscus livesinopenHimalayan- type Woodlands, consistingofpatcHesofmixedpineanddeciduousforests, grassy, stonyslopesanddrymeadoWsricHinfloWeringplants. THeknoWn specimensWerecollectedinbetWeen 2300–4200 maltitudes. THefligHtperiod istHeearlysummer, tHeadultsflyfromendofJunetobeginningofAugust.</p><p>Distribution. THespeciesisdistributedintHePakistanianHigHmoun- tains. THeoverWHelmingmajorityoftHespecimensWerefoundintHeSW Himalayas (KagHanvalley, MurreeHills), onlyasinglespecimenisknoWn fromtHeHindukusH (NWFrontierProvince: LavaraiPass).</p><p>Etymology. THename “ aequalifuscus ” referstotHealmostentirelybroWn colourationoftHeneWspecies.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87AAFF88FFABFEF3FA8AFDC422AA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő;Ronkay, László;Gyulai, Péter	Simonyi, Sándor Jenő, Ronkay, László, Gyulai, Péter (2015): A Revision Of The Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61 (2): 147-188, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.61.2.147.2015, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.61.2.147.2015
