taxonID	type	description	language	source
03EC8797FFBEFFBCFF2CFA133612F978.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 A) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Hitomaru-jima I. (27 ° 06 ′ 57 ″ N, 142 ° 11 ′ 14 ″ E), 6 – 8 m, 1 juv. (NSMT-Cr 31510; cb 3.2 × cl 2.7 mm), 29 - VI- 2014, T. Akiyama leg. Remarks. The specimen at hand is juvenile, but the identification was based on its fine color photograph (Fig. 2 A) that agrees well with the color photograph of the holotype (Trautwein, 2007, fig. 4 A – B). This species is most close to Tetralia nigrolineata which was originally named T. glaberrima forme nigrolineata by Serène and Pham (1957) and later treated as a full species, T. nigrolineata by Galil (1988), and also similar to some related species in having the brackishcolored front and anterior part of the carapace anterolateral margins, with a bluish transverse line behind the frontal margin. Among the species having such type of carapace coloration, however, this species is characteristic in having some longitudinal bands of pinkish or brick reddish color on each segment of the ambulatory legs. Distribution. This species was originally described based on many specimens from Guam (Mariana Is.), Okinawa (Ryukyu Is.), and Moorea (Society Is.), and recently, Maenosono (2017) reported this species from some local places in Okinawa-jima Island.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFBCFFBEFF04FF653092FA98.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 B) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Chichi-jima I., Omura Beach (27 ° 05 ′ 35 ″ N, 142 ° 11 ′ 38 ″ E), 12 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31511; cb 5.7 × cl 5.0 mm), 13 - XI- 2013, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. This species is readily distinguished from the congeners by having the dark-colored front and the ambulatory legs with dark-colored spots of variable size and shape (Fig. 2 B). Although the original description (Rüppell, 1830, p. 27) is short, without figure, but the detailed references are referred to Serène (1984), with the figures of the distinguishing characters by Miers (1886, pl. 12 fig. 1), Sakai (1976, fig. 270, pl. 183 fig. 3), Chen and Lan (1978, pl. 2 fig. 8), and Serène (1984, pl. 38 fig. A). Castro (1997 a, b; 2003; 2009) were greatly contributed to the taxonomy and distribution of the genus Trapezia including this species. Trapezia davaoensis Ward, 1941, was synonymized with this species by Galil and Clark (1990) after the examination of the type specimens preserved in the American Museum of Natural History. Distribution. Numerous specimens from many localities in the Indo-West Pacific waters were recorded by the previous studies including the works cited above. In Japanese waters this species is found in the coral islands of the Ryukyu Islands.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFBCFFBEFF03FAC1312FFC7D.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 C) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Chichi-jima I., Omura Beach (27 ° 05 ′ 35 ″ N, 142 ° 11 ′ 38 ″ E), 12 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31512; cb 7.4 × cl 6.8 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31513; cb 10.3 × cl 8.9 mm), 12 - XI- 2013, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. The specimens examined agree with the line drawing of the holotype from Guam (Odinetz, 1984, fig. 3 B). This species is, as explained in detail by Castro (1997 a), most characteristic in orange-pink carapace, chelipeds and ambulatory legs, with the dark pinkish carapace margin and cheliped and ambulatory segments. Absence of orange-red spot on the distal end of the ambulatory propodi is said by Castro (1997 a, b) to be an important clue to distinguish this species from the closest congener T. bidentata (Forskål, 1775), which was made clear to be a senior synonym of T. ferruginea Latreille, 1828, by Castro et al. (2004). Distribution. West Pacific from the Ryukyu Islands to French Polynesia, and Western Australia. In Japan, this species was recorded by Sakai (1976, p. 507, pl. 182 fig. 2, as T. ferruginea, Yoron-to I., Ishigaki-jima I. and Taketomi-jima I.), and Nagai and Nomura (1988, p. 214, 1 unnumbered fig., as T. ferruginea, no definite locality in the Ryukyu Is.), and from Iriomote-jima I. by Minemizu (2000, p. 284, 1 unnumbered fig., as T. ferruginea, Iriomote-jima I.), and Higashiji et al. (2013, p. 85, fig. 2 D, as T. serenei, Ie-jima I.).	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFBCFFB9FCD8FBB9337EFB2D.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 H) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Ani-jima I., Hakidashi-hana (27 ° 06 ′ 37 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 00 ″ E), 5 – 12 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31514; cb 5.8 × cl 4.3 mm), 9 - XI- 2013, T. Akiyama leg.; Chichi-jima I., Sakai-ura (27 ° 05 ′ 06 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 19 ″ E), 3 – 9 m, 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31515; cb 5.8 × cl 4.4 nm), 13 - XI- 2013, T. Akiyama leg.; Chichi-jima I., Omura Beach (27 ° 05 ′ 35 ″ N, 142 ° 11 ′ 39 ″ E), 3 m, 1 juv. ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31516; cb 4.6 × cl 4.0 mm), 30 - VI- 2014, H. Komatsu leg.; Hitomaru-jima I. (27 ° 07 ′ 04 ″ N, 142 ° 11 ′ 27 ″ E), 6 – 8 m, 1 juv. ♂ (cb 5.2 × cl 3.9 mm), NSMT-Cr 31517, 29 - VI- 2014, H. Komatsu leg. Haha-jima Is. — Haha-jima I., diving site Iwashi-ne (26 ° 39 ′ 40 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 44 ″ E), 1 juv. (cb 3.7 × cl 2.9 mm), NSMT-Cr 31518, 5 - VII- 2015, T. Akiyama leg. Remarks. The specimens examined are seemingly very close to Etisus demani Odhner, 1925, and E. odhneri Takeda, 1972, in sharing the carapace flattened areolation and anterolateral triangular dentation, the developed and weakly twolobed front, and the strongly curved fingers with deeply hoofed tips (Odhner, 1925, p. 83; Takeda, 1972 a, p. 193, pl. 3). In the specimens examined, however, the carapace anterolateral margin has no supplemental spinules between the main teeth, the ambulatory meri are indistinctly serrated with a series of spinules of ten or so in number, and the G 1 possesses no long hairs at the base of the distal beak. These features are characteristic for E. odhneri distinct from E. demani. The G 1 is figured by Takeda (1972 a, fig. 3 E – F), Serène (1984, fig. 3 E – F), and Mendoza et al. (2014, fig. 6 F), and the color photographs were given by Mendoza et al. (2014, fig. 2 E) and Mendoza (2023, fig. 4 F). Distribution. So far known from Babeldaob Island (the Palau Islands) in the Micronesia, Chiristmas Island and the Cocos Keeling Islands in the eastern Indian Ocean, and Mombasa (Kenya) in the western Indian Ocean. The close congener, E. demani, is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific including the Ryukyu Islands (cf. Takeda, 1972 b).	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFBBFFB9FF66FB4D363DFA48.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 D) Material examined. Kaikata Seamount — 486 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31519; cb 22.3 × cl 16.4 mm), 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31520; cb 17.5 × cl 12.5 mm), 15 - VII- 1991, Shinkai 2000, # 558, JAMSTEC leg. Nikko Seamount — 460 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31521; cb 28.3 × cl 19.9 mm), 19 - IX- 1992, Shinkai 6500, # 144, JAMSTEC leg. Remarks. This species, one of six congeners of the genus Euryxanthops Garth and Kim, 1983, was originally described on the basis of a single male specimen from off northwestern Mindanao, the Philippines (Garth and Kim, 1983, p. 678, fig. 3). Recently, additional specimens were recorded and remarked on the variations by Davie (1997), Ng and McLay (2007), Kuo et al. (2015), Mendoza et al. (2021), and Sato and Aiba (2022). This species is characteristic in the thin and weakly upturned anterolateral margins of the carapace, with keys prepared by Davie (1997) and Ng and McLay (2007). In these keys, the shape of the first anterolateral tooth is considered as the important criterion to distinguish the species, but Mendoza et al. (2021) showed that the original illustrations are not always accurate in the proportion and first anterolateral tooth of the carapace, and that the G 1 of the holotype is damaged at its tip. The G 1 in the present specimens (NSMT-Cr 31519, 31521) agrees well with the figure of Kuo et al. (2015, fig. 2), having several long hairs at the subterminal part. Although, in the published photographs and line drawings, the carapace dorsal areolation is not always clearly shown, but it is remarked at present in all the present specimens that a deep, strongly curved gutter was engraved at each side of the transverse depression between the median gastric and cardiac regions. Distribution. Known from the Philippines (type locality, northern Mindanao, 327.6 m), southern Taiwan (265 – 300 m), Indonesia (Sunda Strait and southwestern Java, 234 – 281 m), and Japan (Off Miyazaki Prefecture, Kyushu, 350 m). As Sato and Aiba (2022) already mentioned, Euryxanthops sp. from Sagami Bay, 220 – 280 m, recorded by Ikeda (1998, fig. 10) is referred to this species. Xanthidae gen. et sp. recorded by Fujikura et al. (2008, fig. 11.35) from Kaikata, Nikko, Daini-Kasuga, and Daikoku seamounts, Ogasawara-Mariana Arc, 400 – 500 m, is also probably referred to this species.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFBBFFB8FCECF9B0314FFDBE.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 F) Material examined. Haha-jima Is. — Mukohjima I., diving site Maguro-ana (26 ° 36 ′ 37 ″ N, 142 ° 07 ′ 46 ″ E), 1 young ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31522; cb 7.5 × cl 5.2 mm), 5 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Mei-jima I., west coast (26 ° 34 ′ 08 ″ N, 142 ° 13 ′ 40 ″ E), 10 m, 2 ♀♀ (NSMT-Cr 31523; cb 8.2 × cl 5.6 mm, cb 10.3 × cl 6.4 mm), 11 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Hira-shima I., diving site Sasao-ne (26 ° 35 ′ 07 ″ N, 142 ° 09 ′ 45 ″ E), 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31524; cb 8.5 × cl 5.6 mm), 3 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Imoto-jima I., diving site Blue ribbon (26 ° 34 ′ 03 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 48 ″ E), 15 – 17 m, 1 juv. (NSMT-Cr 31525; cb 4.8 × cl 3.6 mm), 11 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Haha-jima I., diving site Uentoro (26 ° 39 ′ 28 ″ N, 142 ° 10 ′ 35 ″ E), 12 – 20 m, 1 ♀ (cb 7.8 × cl 5.7 mm), 1 juv. (cb 3.5 × cb 4.9 mm), NSMT-Cr 31526, 12 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. The carapace dorsal areolation and anterolateral armature of this species are most close to those of Epiactaea nodulosa (White, 1847) (cf. Serène, 1984) and generally to some species of the genera Actaea and Pilodius. The peculiarity of the genus Garthiella erected by Titgen (1986) to accommodate Chlorodopsis aberrans Rathbun, 1906, has been already noticed and named this species as aberrans by Rathbun (1906). It is sure that the fingers of both chelae are sharply pointed, differing from the hollowed tips in the species of the related genera. Rathbun (1906), Edmondson (1962), and Serène and Nguyen (1959) dealt with this species with figures as Chlorodopsis aberrans, Serène (1984) took this species in the key to the genus Pilodius, and Mendoza and Manuel-Santos (2012) explained and illustrated in detail as Garthiera based on the holotype from northwestern Hawaiian Islands and several additional specimens from French Polynesia. The specimens from the Ogasawara Islands agree well with the figures and photographs in the literature, having the carapace and chelipeds roughened with sharp tubercles, the carapace anterolateral margin armed with four sharp spiniform teeth weakly covered forwards, and the anterior margins of the ambulatory segments fringed with a line of the equidistant spiniform teeth. The second species of the genus Garthella, G. sikatuna reported by Mendoza and Manuel-Santos (2012), from the Philippines, is distinguished from G. aberrans most readily by the less coarse granulation of the carapace and chelipeds among the differences mentioned in the original paper. Distribution. Hitherto been known from the Hawaiian Islands and French Polynesia. This species is new to the carcinological fauna of Japanese waters.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFBAFFBBFD2DFDA3305AFC87.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 E) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Chichi-jima I., Futami Bay, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31527; cb 46.6 × cl 31.0 mm), date unknown, Ogasawara Fisheries Center leg. Remarks. Juxtaxanthias lividus (Latreille, in Milbert, 1812), one of three representatives of the genus Juxtaxanthias Ward, 1942, is close to J. tetraodon (Heller, 1861) in the general appearance of the carapace, chelipeds and ambulatory legs. Forest and Guinot (1961) extensively studied and distinguished these two species known as the Xanthias species, but did not approve of the generic validity of Juxtaxanthias. Sakai (1976) and Sèrene (1984) followed this synonymization in their monographic works, but the validity of Juxtaxanthias is at present generally accepted (Ng et al., 2008), with the three species attaining to much larger size than all the Xanthias species. According to the precedent studies, the important characters to distinguish J. lividus from J. tetrodon is the proportional difference of the carapace (carapace broader, with breadth ca. 1.65 times length, in J. lividus; carapace narrower, with ca. 1.55, in J. tetraodon), and the difference of the first two anterolateral teeth (rounded lobular first tooth followed by the angular second tooth, in J. lividus; angular first lobe, with the pointed second tooth, in J. tetraodon). The present specimen is closer to J. tetraodon in the carapace proportion and the anterolateral teeth are also closer to J. tetraodon, but finally identified as J. lividus, agreeing well with the photograph given by Balss (1938, pl. 2 fig. 1) and the colored figure by Sakai (1976). These characters seem to be not always strong enough to distinguish the two species with individual and developmental variations. Distribution. In Japanese waters, the known localities are Kagoshima Bay and Northern Daito-jima Island (Sakai, 1939, as Xanthias tetraodon), Yoron-to Island (Sakai, 1976, as Xanthias lividus). Nagai and Nomura (1988) published the colored photograph of a dried specimen from the Ryukyu Islands without exact locality. This species is otherwise known from Mauritius, the Chagos Islands, the Lakshadweep Islands and Sumatra in the Indian Ocean, and the Marshall Islands in the West Pacific (Forest and Guinot, 1961; Suvarna Devi et al., 2019).	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB9FFBBFF2EFCEB3697FB67.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 A – B) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Chichi-jima I., Futami Bay, in front of the Ogasawara Fisheries Center, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31528; cb 8.3 × cl 6.4 mm), 11 - IV- 1975, Y. Kurata leg.; Futami Bay, on buoy, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 6857; cb 11.7 × cl 7.9 mm), 17 - V- 1975, Y Kurata leg.; Futami Bay, Kaname-iwa Islet (27 ° 04 ′ 45 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 06 ″ E), 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31529; cb 7.3 × cl 4.9 mm), 9 - XI- 2013, H. Tachikawa leg.; Hyotanjima I. (27 ° 07 ′ 46 ″ N, 142 ° 10 ′ 48 ″ E), 15 – 20 m, 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31530; cb 8.6 × cl 6.0 mm), 28 - VI- 2014, H. Komatsu leg. Haha-jima Is. — Haha-jima I., diving site Shihon-iwa North (26 ° 38 ′ 56 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 37 ″ E), 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31531; cb 7.4 × cl 4.8 mm), 2 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Imoto-jima I., Hirane (26 ° 34 ′ 08 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 49 ″ E), 20 – 25 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31532; cb 15.6 × cl 10.4 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. The fine figures and photographs were given by Adams and White (1849, in 1848 – 1849, pl. 8 fig. 1, as Atergatis lateralis Adams and White), Dana (1855, pl. 8 fig. 4, as Xantho nitidus Dana), Heller (1865, pl. 1 fig. 3, as Atergatis elegans Heller), De Man (1888, in 1887 – 1888, pl. 10 fig. 2), Edmondson (1962, fig. 3 f), Guinot (1979, pl. 8 fig. 1), Serène (1984, pl. 24 fig. 1), Sakai (1976, pl. 146 fig. 2), and Maenosono (2022 c, fig. 7 A – C). According to Serène (1984), L. dodone recorded by Forest and Guinot (1961) is really referable to L. glaber Ortmann, 1893. This species was first reported from Japanese waters by Sakai (1965), with a colored figure, in which the main part of the carapace dorsal surface is dark brick red. Recently, Mendoza (2023) gave three color photographs (Fig. 31 B – D) to show the remarkable color variation in the specimens from Madagascar. The basic color pattern of the carapace of one of the three is similar to one of two photographs of the specimens from the Ogasawara Islands, bright reddish brown (Fig. 2 B, present paper) vs dark chochorate brown (Mendoza, 2023, fig. 31 D) with the whitish anterolateral surfaces of both sides. The photograph taken in the field of Hachijo Island, north of the Ogasawara Islands (Kato and Okuno, 2001, p. 127, 1 unnumbered fig.) shows also the similar color pattern with the specimen from the Ogasawara Islands. Distribution. Widely distributed in the whole Indo-West Pacific, from the western Indian Ocean to the western and southern Pacific.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB9FFB5FD22FA8B337AFC50.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 C – D) Material examined. Haha-jima Is. — Mukoujima I., diving site Nishi-hana (26 ° 36 ′ 40 ″ N, 142 ° 07 ′ 40 ″ E), 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31533; cb 11.9 × cl 6.8 mm), 4 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Anejima I., diving site Nihon-iwa (26 ° 32 ′ 34 ″ N, 142 ° 09 ′ 22 ″ E), 20 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31534; cb 6.8 × cl 4.5 mm), 13 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remark. In the original description (Milne-Edwards, 1867), the figure was not presented, but in the later work (Milne-Edwards, 1873), the fine color illustration was provided. This species is especially characteristic in its splendid color with reticulated pattern. The color pattern is not always constant, varying individually and becoming more complex in the larger specimens, but main parts of both palms and each segment of the ambulatory legs are orange red in color (Milne-Edwards, 1873, pl. 6 fig. 3; Sakai, 1976, pl. 146 fig. 1; Poupin et al., 2018, fig. 16 B; Maenosono, 2022 c, fig. 9 D; Present paper, fig. 3 C – D). Complex color pattern of a female from the Ogasawara Islands (Fig. 3 D) is quite similar to the photograph of a male from Madagascar reported by Mendoza (2023, fig. 31 G), while the reticulated color pattern of a male from the Ogasawara Islands (Fig. 3 C) is close to the color photograph of a male from the Ryukyu Islands reported by Maenosono (2022 c, fig. 9 D). Distribution. Widely distributed in the whole Indo-West Pacific. In Japanese waters, from the Ryukyu Islands northward to the coast of the Kii Peninsula, central Honshu (cf. Takeda, 1989; Maenosono, 2022 c).	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB7FFB5FF01FBB83609FC1E.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 G) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Chichi-jima I., Futami Bay, on buoy, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 6856; cb 8.9 × cl 6.8 mm), 17 - V- 1975, Y. Kurata leg.; Ani-jima I., Takino-ura Bay (27 ° 07 ′ 06 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 15 ″ E), 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31535; cb 3.6 × cl 3.2 mm), 8 - XI- 2013, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. Lybia caestifera was recorded at present as the first occurrence in the Ogasawara Islands, but may be not uncommon in Japanese waters as shown by Takeda, Y. and Ohtsuchi (2020) who collected all the published data in Japan. The color pattern of the specimen examined (Fig. 2 G) is almost identical with the images of L. caestifera recorded by Kurata (1967, monochrome photograph), Sakai (1976, painting), and Takeda, Y. and Ohtsuchi (2020, in color photograph). In the Ogasawara Islands, the closely related Lybia leptochelis (Zehntner, 1894) has been recorded from the west of Chichi-jima Island, 81 – 83 m depth, with a color photograph in life, by Takeda and Komatsu (2018). Both species are without doubt close to each other, but clearly different from each other in color pattern. The records of this species by Rathbun (1906, from Hawaii; 1907, from Tahiti), Bouvier (1915, from Mauritius) and Balss (1924, from the Red Sea) were doubted by Guinot (1976), and the synonymy with L. pugil (Alcock, 1898) is uncertain at present. Distribution. So far as the literature concerned, this species is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific from the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean to Tahiti, Hawaii and Japan in the Pacific. As shortly mentioned by Takeda and Komatsu (2018), the photograph of L. leptochelis from Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean given by Mendoza et al. (2014) is not referred to L. leptochelis, but to L. caestifera.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB7FFB4FD20FC43331EFE8F.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 F) Material examined. A photograph only. The specimen was collected at the diving site Shihon-iwa North, Haha-jima Island, on 2 July, 2015, by H. Komatsu, and photographed, but unfortunately the specimen was missing. Remarks. The photograph at hand agrees well with the detailed description, photographs and line drawings in the original description (Naruse et al., 2021). The carapace is elliptical in outline, smooth and ill-defined, with the weakly fourlobed anterolateral margins. Although the carapace formation is rather simple and not much different from the related xanthid species, but the original description made clear that the external genital structures are bilaterally asymmetric in both sexes, being exceptional as the crabs. Distribution. This species is known from some local places of Okinawa-jima Island, the Ryukyu Islands, and said that the type specimens were collected from the exposed surf zones of rocky coast or the narrow crevasses in shallow-water coral reefs.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB6FFB4FF3DFEF3303FF9AF.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 E) Material examined. Haha-jima Is. — Imoto-jima I., diving site Sawaratsuki-ne (26 ° 33 ′ 09 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 09 ″ E), 13 – 20 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31536; cb 7.7 × cl 5.4 mm), 13 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. The good photographs are given by the original author (Serène, 1984, pl. 30 figs. D – E), Takeda (1989, pl. 1 fig. C; 2023, fig. 9 B), Ng and Clark (2002, fig. 3 b), Poupin et al. (2018, fig. 16 E), and Maenosono (2022 a, fig. 2). The carapace is dorsally flattened as a whole and shallowly divided into regions, with the protruded front and the thin, strongly toothed anterolateral margins. The male chelipeds are slightly heterochelous; the upper margin of the palm is strongly ridged through the length in both chelae, and the dark color of the immovable finger extends onto the lower distal half of the palm in both chelae. The color in life (Fig. 3 E, present paper) of a male from the Ogasawara Islands is mottled with chocolate brown and white, similar to a male from Kagoshima Prefecture, southern Kyushu, Japan (Maenosono, 2022 a, fig. 2 A), but somewhat different from a male from Madagascar reported by Mendoza (2023), in which the carapace seems to be wholly creamy white. Distribution. Known from the western Indian Ocean (Madagascar and the Comoro Is.) and the South and West Pacific (New Caledonia, the Palau Islands, the Philippines, the Ryukyu Islands, and southern Kyushu, Japan).	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB6FFB4FF54F9D3315CFB00.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 A) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Nishijima I., 8 ♂♂ (cb 5.3 × cl 3.7 mm — cb 6.6 × cl 4.6 mm), 6 ♀♀ (cb 6.3 × cl 4.4 mm — cb 9.4 × cl 6.0 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (cb 5.1 × cl 3.6 mm), NSMT-Cr 31537, 1 ovig. ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31538; cb 8.5 × cl 5.6 mm), 29 - VI- 1976, M. Takeda leg. Remarks. This rare small species has been recorded only by Borradaile (1900, pl. 41 fig. 5, as Xanthias), Takeda and Miyake (1969, fig. 1), Paulay et al. (2003, in list), and Maenosono (2021, figs. 1 F, 2 D, H). This species originally referred to the genus Xanthias Rathbun, 1897, was designated as one of five congeneric species in the new genus Paraxanthias established by Odhner (1925). Rathbun (1930) referred them to the genus Paraliomera Rathbun, 1930, but Guinot (1964) doubted their inclusion to the American genus Paraliomera, and Takeda and Miyake (1969) followed Odhner (1925). The specimens examined is of stout appearance in spite of its small size, with the strong chelipeds of remarkably different size; four anterolateral teeth of the carapace are rather angulated, especially the first is obtusely angulated at the middle. Distribution. This species, one of nine Indo-West Pacific species, is known only from Fiji (Rotuma Island), the northern Mariana Islands, and Japan (Ryukyu Islands and Kagoshima Prefecture).	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB6FFB7FCE1FB6836B0FE05.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 G) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Chichi-jima I., Miyano-hama (27 ° 06 ′ 16 ″ N, 142 ° 11 ′ 39 ″ E), 2 – 5 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31539; cb 12.5 × cl 8.0 mm), 30 - VI- 2014, H. Komatsu leg.; Chichi-jima I., Nagasaki (27 ° 05 ′ 58 ″ N, 142 ° 13 ′ 06 ″ E), 12 – 14 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31540; cb 18.2 × cl 11.5 mm), 1 - VII- 2014, H. Komatsu leg. Haha-jima Is. — Haha-jima I., diving site Shihon-iwa South (26 ° 38 ′ 49 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 36 ″ E), 1 juv. (NSMT-Cr 31541; cb 7.1 × cl 4.3 mm), 6 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Haha-jima I., Waki-hama (26 ° 38 ′ 10 ″ N, 142 ° 09 ′ 29 ″ E), 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31542; cb 9.3 × cl 6.3 mm), 7 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. This species is closer to the Platypodia species than the Lophozozymus species especially in the armature of the carapace anterolateral teeth. In life, the carapace dorsal surface is chocolate brown mottled with complex whitish pattern camouflaged to the surroundings. Its color pattern is variable individually, but may be one of the characteristics of this species (Sakai, 1976, pl. 144 fig. 2; Kato and Okuno, 2001, p. 126, 1 unnumbered fig., as Atergatis floridus (Linnaeus); Mendoza et al., 2014, fig. 4 F; Maenosono, 2022 c, fig. 10 A; present paper, fig. 3 G). The carapace dorsal surface is smooth and shallowly separated into regions, with the crested anterolateral margin which is marked with three closed indentations; the last or fourth lobe is small and obtuse, but not isolated from the anterior lobe different from the formation in Lophozoymus. The upper margins of the palms and ambulatory meri, carpi and propodi are strongly crested. Distribution. Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific from the Red Sea to the South Pacific and northwards to the Ryukyu Islands.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB5FFB6FD1DFE653067FA98.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 C – D) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Chichi-jima I., Miyano-hama, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31543; cb 6.0 × cl 4.5 mm), 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31544; cb 6.9 × cl 5.0 mm), 29 - VI- 1974, Ogasawara Fisheries Center leg. Remarks. This species is close to Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana, 1852), in which the carapace dorsal surface is sharply divided into regions by deep linear furrows. All the regions are thickly covered with pearly granules of good size, and the interregional furrows are filled only with short setae. There are no long setae on the regions, differing from P. lata (Borradaile, 1902) and some related species (cf. Sèrene, 1984). Pseudoliomera speciosa is otherwise well known by having the brush-like setae surrounding the horny tip of the first ambulatory leg, and readily distinguished from all the congeners due to this feature. In the male at hand, as the generic features, both chelipeds are short, heavy and similar in shape, each palm is swollen, and the fingers are remarkably short; the outer surface of the palm is roughened with depressed granules and dark-colored for most of the outer surface; the upper and distal parts of the palm, and distal halves of both fingers are whitish. Distribution. This species is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific from the western Indian Ocean (Serène, 1984, Aldabra; Rathbun, 1911, as Actaea, Salomon and Coetivy) and the Red Sea (Klunzinger, 1913, as Actaea nana n. sp.) eastwards to Easter Island (Rathbun, 1907, as Actaea, type locality), and northwards to Japan (Sakai, 1939, as Actaea; Sakai, 1976; Marumura and Kosaka, 2003) and Hawaii (Edmondson, 1962, as Actaea). Recently, Maenosono (2018) revised six species from the Ryukyu Islands, with key to the species and good photographs.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB4FFB6FF31FAC031DBF8BD.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 H) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Nishijima I., 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31545; cb 7.7 × cl 5.6 mm), 29 - VI- 1976, M. Takeda leg. Haha-jima Is. — Mei-jima I., west coast, 10 m, 1 juv. (NSMT-Cr 31546; cb 4.4 × cl 3.3 mm), 11 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Imoto-jima I., diving site Blue ribbon (26 ° 34 ′ 03 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 48 ″ E), 12 – 14 m, 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31547; cb 10.8 × cl 7.9 mm), 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31548; cb 11.5 × cl 8.4 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. The genus Tweedieia Ward, 1935, was deeply studied by Lasley et al. (2022) and Maenosono (2022 b) who recognized two species, T. laysani (Rathbun, 1906) and T. odhneri (Gordon, 1934). As well described in the original descriptions of both species (Rathbun, 1906; Gordon, 1934), these two species are close to each other in the shape and areolation of the carapace dorsal surface, but differ mainly in the carapace shape (ovate and narrower in T. odhneri), the carapace anterolateral teeth (triangular and low, with wide and shallow clefts in T. odhneri), the frontal median notch (broad in T. odhneri), the cheliped carpus (with broad and transverse furrow on outer margin in T. odhneri), the movable finger (strongly curved distally in T. odhneri), and the palm (nodular granules on outer surface in T. odhneri). Maenosono (2022 b) applied these and some additional characters to the specimens from the Ryukyu Islands and confirmed the occurrence of the two species. Some characters seem to be variable individually, but at least the ovate and narrower carapace and the granulation of the palm outer surface are effective to identify the Ogasawaran specimens as T. odhneri. Distribution. Lasley et al. (2022) concluded that T. laysani is only known from the Hawaiian Islands, while T. odhneri is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific including the Hawaiian Islands. In Japanese waters, two species are known from the Ryukyu Islands as reported by Maenosono (2022 b). It is shortly noted here about the specimen identified as T. laysani from the unrecorded locality in the Ryukyu Islands by Nagai and Nomura (1988). The present authors examined just that specimen preserved in the Wakayama Prefectural Museum and re-identified it as Serenius kuekenthali (De Man, 1902). The data of the specimen is as follows: Nago, Okinawa I., Ryukyu Is., 1 ♀ (WPM-No. 852; cb 13.0 mm, cl 8.6 mm) from coral block of Pocillopora entangled with gill-net for lobster; Apr. 1973; S. Nagai leg.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
03EC8797FFB3FFB1FEC0FF4D3620FEA8.taxon	description	[Jn: Guamu-eriashi-ougigani] (Fig. 4 B) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Nishijima I., 1 ♂ (cb 6.0 × cl 4.1 mm), 5 ovig. ♀♀ (cb 6.4 × cl 4.5 mm — cb 7.3 × cl 5.4 mm), NSMT-Cr 31549, 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31550; cb 8.5 × cl 6.1 mm), 29 - VI- 1976, M. Takeda leg. Remarks. This species is small, but was recorded with good figures by the original authors (Hombron and Jacquinot, 1846, pl. 4 fig. 1, as Zozymus), Miyake (1939, fig. 5, pl. 13 fig. 2), Forest and Guinot (1961, fig. 36), Sankarankutty (1962, figs. 5 – 9), Guinot (1968, figs. 33, 35), Takeda and Miyake (1968, pl. 1 fig. A), Serène (1984, fig. 90, pl. 19 fig. E), Lasley and Ng (2013, fig. 4 C – D), and Maenosono (2022 c, figs. 13 E – F, 14). Otherwise, this species was described and figured as Leptodius (Xanthodius) cristatus n. sp. by Borradaile (1902, fig. 51), and later, recorded as Leptodius cristatus by Rathbun (1911, pl. 17 fig. 9). The G 1 is represented by Miyake (1939, fig. 5), Forest and Guinot (1961, fig. 90), Sankarankutty (1962, fig. 9), Guinot (1968, fig. 35), and Serène (1984, fig. 90). The carapace dorsal surface is thickly covered with minute granules of uniform size and divided into the weakly raised regions; the anterolateral margin is divided into bluntly crested four teeth, of which the first two are lobate and the last two are obtusely angulated at the tips situated somewhat anteriorly. The chelipeds are stout, similar in shape, but different in size, with a short crest at the carpus inner upper margin and two rows of crests on the upper margin of each palm. Each carpus and propodus of the ambulatory legs are equipped with a deep cavity surrounded by two sharp crests. The relations among the known species including the present species were well discussed by Lasley and Ng (2013) who described the distinct new species, Z. sculptus, from Guam. Distribution. Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific from Madagascar in the western Indian Ocean eastwards to the Tuamotu Islands in the South Pacific and northwards to the Ryukyu Islands in the West Pacific.	en	Alrasheedi, Sami M, Alrashdi, Mousa N, Alhumaidan, Lama S, Alkhdairi, Ahmad, Alzweihary, Ali M, Alhussaini, Omar M, Alharbi, Lama S, Albalawi, Amirah N, Almutairi, Turki F, Alharbi, Osama A G, Bashal, Afaf A M (2024): Crabs of the Families Tetraliidae, Trapeziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) new to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (1): 1-17, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.1_1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1222_23
