taxonID	type	description	language	source
03EC8B3A8F0B607E95F1D373FD9DB860.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Lortet (1883: 179) and Tristram (1884: 177) as Anguilla vulgaris, and Spicer (1931); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0B607E95F1D373FD9DB860.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Western Atlantic: larvae in Sargasso Sea and Gulf Stream; eastern Atlantic, Baltic Sea, North Sea, White Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Marmara, Black Sea: European seas and adjacent watersheds, spawning and larval migration routes to and from the western Atlantic. Introduced in the Caspian Sea basin. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is catadromous and found in a range of habitats, from small streams to large rivers and lakes, and in estuaries, lagoons, and coastal waters. It also occupies open ocean areas during migrations but is rarely observed in this habitat. Under natural conditions, it only occurs in bodies of water that are connected to the sea; it is stocked elsewhere. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0B607E95F1D373FD9DB860.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0B607E95F1D373FD9DB860.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: CR (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, FIT, HAB, EUT, CON, COM, TOU. — Moderate sensitivity to human activities. — Keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — Moderate priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0B607E95F1D373FD9DB860.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species has been stocked, unintentionlly, in the Lake of Galilee together with mugilids (Golani et al. 2008; Golani & Mires 2000).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0B607F95F1D7BBFEE2BCC9.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in the original description by Günther (Günther (1865: 490) as Cobitis galilaea, and by Lortet (1883: 173), Tristram (1884: 177) and Steinitz (1953: 214) as Nemachilus galilaeus; confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: BMNH, HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0B607F95F1D7BBFEE2BCC9.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River basin (now extinct). — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Hula Lake, Jordan River basin, Israel, Syria. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is a lacustrine species that inhabits lake shores. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0B607F95F1D7BBFEE2BCC9.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0B607F95F1D7BBFEE2BCC9.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: EX. — IUCN: CR (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CON, CLI, EUT. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Keystone species. — Decline status: Extinct. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0B607F95F1D7BBFEE2BCC9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Recent molecular findings represent that this species should moved to under genus Oxynoemacheilus (Geiger et al. 2014).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607F95F1D31EFE62B80D.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Günther (1865: 490) as Cobitis insignis, by Lortet (1883: 173), Tristram (1884: 177) and Steinitz (1953: 213) as Nemachilus insignis, Bănărescu & Nalbant (1966) as Noemacheilus angorae jordanicus and N. angorae tortonesei; Günther (1864) as Cobitis insignis subsequently reported by Goren (1974: 93, 94) as Noemacheilus angorae jordanicus, N. insignis tortonesei and Noemacheilus tigris (non Heckel, 1843); Goren & Bănărescu (1982) as Nemacheilus dori; Goren & Nalbant (1982) as Orthrias israeliticus and O. pantheroides; confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Nemacheilus jordanicus and Nemacheilus dori. — Israel material: HUJ, TAU, JMH.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607F95F1D31EFE62B80D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River drainage and Sea of Galilee. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Asia Minor and the Middle East: Turkey, Syria, Israel, and Jordan. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species lives in moderately fast-flowing streams and rivers with a mud or gravel substrate and low pollution levels. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607F95F1D31EFE62B80D.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607F95F1D31EFE62B80D.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: NT (IUCN 2023 f). — Threats: ABS, CON, HAB, CLI, EUT. — Moderate sensitivity to human activities. — Keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — Moderate priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607F95F1D622FE3FBA4D.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in the original description by Lortet (1883: 171 as Nemachilus leontinae), by Tristram (1884: 177) as Nemachilus leontina, Steinitz (1953: 214) with question as Nemachilus leontina, Goren (1974: 94) as Noemacheilus tigris (non Heckel, 1843); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Nemacheilus tigris (non Heckel, 1843); confirmed by Krupp & Schneider (1989). — Israel material: HUJ, MGHN.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607F95F1D622FE3FBA4D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River basin. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Israel. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: Slowly flowing or standing waters of streams and springs, also in wetlands, lake shores and spring lakes. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607F95F1D622FE3FBA4D.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607F95F1D622FE3FBA4D.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, HAB, EUT. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607C95F1D566FEF2BE20.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in original description by Krupp (1982); subsequently reported by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ, SMF.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607C95F1D566FEF2BE20.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Southern Basin of the Dead Sea Valley. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Middle East: Israel and Jordan. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This fish inhabits shallow fast and clear streams and springs with stony beds. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607C95F1D566FEF2BE20.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607C95F1D566FEF2BE20.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: EN (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, COM, CON, HAB. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — No keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F0A607C95F1D566FEF2BE20.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was previously distributed in Israel; however, it is extirpated. Therefore, it is categorised as endemic to Jordan.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F09607C95F1D077FE3FB844.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Günther (1865: 490) as Discognathus rufus; confirmed by Steinitz (1953: 211) as Garra rufus, Goren (1974: 80), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F09607C95F1D077FE3FB844.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River basin. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Middle East: northern Dead Sea basin, Israel, Jordan, and Syria. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species lives in slowly running rivers and streams, densely vegetated springs, and wetlands. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F09607C95F1D077FE3FB844.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F09607C95F1D077FE3FB844.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: NE (2023). — Threats: Unknown. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered as a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F09607C95F1D69BFB53BB34.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in the original description by Lortet (1883: 154); confirmed by Steinitz (1953: 210) as Varicorhinus sauvagei, Kosswig (1950) as Tylognathus steinitziorum; Steinitz (1953: 211) as Tylognathus steinitziorum, Goren (1974: 91) as Tylognathus steinitziorum, Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Hemigrammocapoeta nana; Geiger et al. (2014). — Israel material: MGHN, ZMUI, HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F09607C95F1D69BFB53BB34.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Lake Tiberias. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Israel endemic. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is found in a variety of habitats, such as rivers, lakes, and small ponds. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F09607C95F1D69BFB53BB34.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F09607C95F1D69BFB53BB34.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Probably extinct. — IUCN: NE (2023). — Threats: Unknown. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F09607C95F1D69BFB53BB34.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was originally described from Israel; identity needs clarification; was considered very rare when it was described, possibly now extinct. It may have been based on a misidentified Garra rufa (Heckel 1843). It was synonymized by some authors with G. nana, but recently again treated as valid (Geiger et al. 2014; Freyhof 2016). We tentatively leave this taxon in the checklist, pending additional studies on the subject.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D2C3FC91BF24.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in the original description by Valenciennes (1842: 186); subsequently reported by Günther (1865: 490) as Labeobarbus canis, Lortet (1883: 161) as Barbus canis, Tristram (1884: 174) as Barbus canis and B. beddomii, Steinitz (1953: 208) as Barbus canis and B. beddomi, and by Goren (1974) as Barbus canis; confirmed by Krupp & Schneider (1989), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Barbus canis. — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D2C3FC91BF24.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River system. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Jordan River System (Israel, Jordan); coastal rivers of the Mediterranean Sea (Israel). Introduced in Azraq Oasis. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species inhabits a wide range of streams, rivers and lakes including reservoirs. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D2C3FC91BF24.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Locally consumed, but of no commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D2C3FC91BF24.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: NT (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, EUT, HAB. — Moderate sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — Moderate priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D197FD5FB948.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Shefler and Ben-Tuvia (1982); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999); confirmed by Golani & Mires (2000). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D197FD5FB948.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: A single record of this species was recorded from the Lake of Galilee. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: East Asia: China and Japan; introduced widely elsewhere; many cultivated goldfish varieties. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species inhabits rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and ditches with stagnant or slow-flowing water. It occurs in eutrophic fresh and brackish waters, well-vegetated ponds, and canals. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D197FD5FB948.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Ornamental fish industry.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D197FD5FB948.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D79FFD5FBB88.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Hornel (1935); confirmed by Tal & Shelubsky (1951), Goren & Ortal (1999), Tadmor-Levi et al. (2022). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D79FFD5FBB88.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Introduced in some lentic ecosystems. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Western Europe (native to the Black Sea basin, possibly also Caspian and Aral Sea’s basins), widely introduced worldwide, also many multicolor varieties. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species inhabits slow-flowing, and still waters, such as lowland rivers and large, well-vegetated lakes. Introduced in all types of water bodies. Spawns along shorelines or in backwaters. Successful survival of larvae is only possible in warm water, among shallow submerged vegetation. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D79FFD5FBB88.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important. Reasons of introduction. Fisheries: enhancement of wild stocks and sports fishing.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F08607D95F1D79FFD5FBB88.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D2C3FD49BF40.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Günther (1865: 490) and Tristram (1884: 104, 172, 173) as Scaphiodon capoeta, Capoeta damascina, C. syriaca and C. socialis, Lortet (1883: 151, 160) as Capoeta syriaca and C. damascina, and by Steinitz (1953: 209) as Varicorhinus damascinus; confirmed by Goren (1974: 88), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D2C3FD49BF40.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River system and coastal plain. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Levant, Mesopotamia, and southeastern Anatolia (Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Syria, and Turkey). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species inhabits a very wide range of all kinds of permanent waterbodies, at least seasonally, with gravel or running water. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D2C3FD49BF40.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D2C3FD49BF40.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, EUT, HAB. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D197FDF0B9DC.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in original description by Valenciennes (1842: 179) as Barbus longiceps; also repported by Günther (1865: 490), Lortet (1883: 163), Tristram (1884: 174) and Steinitz (1953: 208) as Barbus longiceps; confirmed by Goren (1974: 90) as Barbus longiceps, Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Barbus longiseps. — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D197FDF0B9DC.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River drainage. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret basin. — General distribution: Middle East: Jordan River (Israel, Jordan, and Syria). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species occurs in large to medium-sized warm streams and rivers with moderate currents. It also inhabits reservoirs and lakes. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D197FDF0B9DC.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Locally commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D197FDF0B9DC.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: EN (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, EUT, HAB. — Moderate sensitivity to human activities. — Keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — Moderate priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D7F3FABEBBA4.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Levanter (1984). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D7F3FABEBBA4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Lake Kinneret. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: East Asia: China, Russia; introduced widely elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: In its natural distribution range, it inhabits large lowland river and lakes, preferably with clear water and high oxygen concentration. The main habitats are the slow-flow ducts near the accumulations of molluscs. On mollusc fields, it stays all summer and only in winter leaves to the river mainstream. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D7F3FABEBBA4.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important. Reasons of introduction. Fisheries: enhancement of wild stocks and sports fishing.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D7F3FABEBBA4.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F07607295F1D7F3FABEBBA4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is non-native. It does not reproduce in nature but reproduces in local hatcheries.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D33BFBAEBF24.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Tortonese (1952); recorded by Steinitz (1953: 212) as Acanthobrama terrae-sanctae and A. lissneri; confirmed by Goren (1974: 70), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ, MIZT.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D33BFBAEBF24.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River basin and the coastal plain. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Middle East: Israel, Jordan, and Syria. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is inhabiting in lakes and rivers. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D33BFBAEBF24.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D33BFBAEBF24.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: This species is protected in Israel. — IUCN: NT (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, EUT, HAB. — Moderate sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — Moderate priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D17BFBB8B948.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in the original description by Goren et al. (1973); subsequently reported by Goren (1974: 72), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: TAU, HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D17BFBB8B948.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean coastal plain. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin. — General distribution: Middle East: Mediterranean coastal plain of Israel. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant. — Habitat: This is a coastal river species, now only existing in 10 - 12 rehabilitated natural habitats (including ponds), most of them artificial and semi-natural. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D17BFBB8B948.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D17BFBB8B948.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: This species is protected in Israel. — IUCN: VU (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, EUT, HAB. — Moderate sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Increasing. — Moderate priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D79FFE62BB6C.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in the original description by Goren et al. (1973); subsequently reported by Goren (1974: 74 as Microgrex terraesanctae hulensis), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: BMNH.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D79FFE62BB6C.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan Valley system. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret basin. — General distribution: Middle East: Jordan River basin. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species lived in Lake Hula and its adjacent marshes. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D79FFE62BB6C.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Locally consumed, but of no commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F06607395F1D79FFE62BB6C.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Extirpated. — IUCN: EX (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CON, HAB. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Extinct. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607095F1D28AFE62BEB5.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in the original description by Steinitz (1952); subsequently reported by Goren (1973: 306 as Microgrex terraesanctae terraesanctae), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607095F1D28AFE62BEB5.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Endemic to the Lake of Galilee. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Endemic to Israel. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is pelagic, lacustrine species is small. Its spawning season last six months and peaks in winter (January-February). It spawns in the shallow littoral zone on algae-free stones. Breeding success depends on the extent of the rise of water level in winter. It is a zooplankton feeder. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607095F1D28AFE62BEB5.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Locally commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607095F1D28AFE62BEB5.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CON, CLI, HAB. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Stable. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607095F1D0CAFD42B92D.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Reported from Israel by Tristram (1884: 175) as Leuciscus zeregi (non Heckel, 1843), and by Steinitz (1953: 213) with question as Phoxinellus zeregi (non Heckel, 1843); first record from Israel by Tortonese (1938) as Phoxinnellus (Pararhodes) drusensis as Pseudophoxinus zeregi drusensis from the Golan Hights; confirmed by Goren (1972, 1974) as Pseudophoxinus zeregi drusensis; Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607095F1D0CAFD42B92D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan Valley system. Golan Heights. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Middle East: Israel and Syria. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species lives in slow-flowing streams and among stones and vegetation in streams and stream pools. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607095F1D0CAFD42B92D.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607095F1D0CAFD42B92D.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: EN (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, COM, EUT, HAB. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607195F1D742FCFEBCE4.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Steinitz (1951) as Phoxinellus (Pararhdeus) kervillei; confirmed by Steinitz (1953: 212); Goren (1974: 78), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607195F1D742FCFEBCE4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan Valley system. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret basin. — General distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Orontes River basin (Israel, Syria, and Turkey). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is found in springs, streams, and rivers, usually with clear waters and dense vegetation. It is also found in the littoral zone of Lake Kinneret. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607195F1D742FCFEBCE4.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607195F1D742FCFEBCE4.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: EN (2023). — Threats: Unknown. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F05607195F1D742FCFEBCE4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Both Pseudophoxinus kervillei and Pseudophoxinus libani are distributed in the Orontes basin. It is probable that P. kervillei is a synonym of P. libani based on the molecular findings given by Geiger et al. (2014). Indeed, Bariche & Freyhof (2016) treated P. kervillei as a synonym of Pseudophoxinus libani. Therefore, these situations should be clarified with detailed comparative studies.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607195F1D076FD5FB828.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Golani & Snovsky (2013). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607195F1D076FD5FB828.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Several specimens were collected in Nahal Amal. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea basin. — General distribution: South America: Madeira River basin (Bolivia and Brazil). Introduced in Türkiye, southeast Asia, Mexico, and Guatemala; established in Florida (U. S. A.) and elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is frequent and abundant in lentic environments, including anthropized ones. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607195F1D076FD5FB828.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Ornamental fish industry.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607195F1D076FD5FB828.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607195F1D67EFE2ABA68.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Golani & Snovsky (2013). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607195F1D67EFE2ABA68.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Several specimens were collected in Nahal Amal and Lake Kinneret. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: South America: Madeira River basin (Bolivia and Brazil). Introduced in Türkiye, southeast Asia, Mexico, and Guatemala; established in Florida (U. S. A.) and elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is frequent and abundant in lentic environments, including anthropized ones. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607195F1D67EFE2ABA68.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Ornamental fish industry.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607195F1D67EFE2ABA68.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607195F1D67EFE2ABA68.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Probably both reports are based on hybrids of Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus X Pterygoplichthys pardalis (see Godwin et al. 2016).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607695F1D4DAFD5FBD78.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Snovsky and Golani (2012). — Israel materials: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607695F1D4DAFD5FBD78.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: A single record from Lake Kinneret. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong basin, and Chao Phraya, Thailand; introduced elsewhere in southern Asia, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Puerto Rico (U. S. A.). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species inhabits the main channels and floodplains of large rivers and seasonally moves up to floodplains and marshland for feeding and nursing. It is an omnivore, feeding primarily on algae, plants, zooplankton, insects, fruits, crustaceans, and fish. It Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607695F1D4DAFD5FBD78.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Ornamental fish industry.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F04607695F1D4DAFD5FBD78.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F03607695F1D05AFF7DB8F4.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Günther (1865: 490), Lortet (1883: 151) and Tristram (1884: 169) as Clarias macracanthus (non Günther, 1864), and Steinitz (1953: 214) as Clarias lazera; confirmed by Goren (1974: 92 as Clarias lazera), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F03607695F1D05AFF7DB8F4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River basin and the coastal plain. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Widespread in Africa, Asia Minor, and the Middle East. Widely introduced elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is a benthopelagic (living and feeding near the bottom as well as in midwaters or near the surface), potamodromous (migratory), and freshwater fish species. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F03607695F1D05AFF7DB8F4.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F03607695F1D05AFF7DB8F4.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: This species is of major economic importance all over its range and it is even an important aquaculture species. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F03607695F1D40EFD5FBBA4.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Golani & Shefler (1985); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999), Golani & Mires (2000). — Israel materials: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F03607695F1D40EFD5FBBA4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Recorded by a single specimen escape in Lake Kinneret. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: North Pacific and Arctic; introduced elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species usually occurs in cold streams, rivers, and lakes, but is also found in various habitats. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F03607695F1D40EFD5FBBA4.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important. Reasons of introduction. Aquaculture.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F03607695F1D40EFD5FBBA4.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607795F1D1CEFD5FBA31.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Goren (1984) as Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum; confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999), Golani et al. (2022) as Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum. — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607795F1D1CEFD5FBA31.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Nahal Amal, Israel. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin. — General distribution: Central America: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama; introduced in Puerto Rico, Hawaiian Islands, Mexico, Réunion, in the Middle East, Philippines and Australia. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant. — Habitat: This freshwater, benthopelagic species occurs primarily in rivers and streams throughout its native range. This species prefers rocky and sandy habitats with tree branches and leaf litter, finding sanctuary in the various cracks and crevices provided by this type of environment, or among roots and debris. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607795F1D1CEFD5FBA31.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Ornamental fish industry.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607795F1D1CEFD5FBA31.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607795F1D28AFBADBEED.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Hornell (1935); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999), (Golani & Mires 2000). — Israel materials: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607795F1D28AFBADBEED.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: It was introduced in the 1930 ’ s and aquaculture farms were established in the late 1940 ’ s in northern Israel. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: North Pacific and adjacent basins; widely introduced elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species usually occurs in cold streams, rivers, and lakes, but is also found in various habitats. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607795F1D28AFBADBEED.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important. Reasons of introduction. Aquaculture.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607795F1D28AFBADBEED.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607795F1D28AFBADBEED.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is a mostly cultured, cold-water fish. This species can be found around fish farming facilities and are established in suitable habitats due to specimens escaping from fish farms.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607495F1D446FE62BD5C.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in original description by Lortet (1883); confirmed by Lortet (1883: 141) and Tristram (1884: 167) as Chromis flavii-josephi, Steinitz (1953: 220) as Haplochromis flavii-josephi, Goren (1974: 103) as Haplochromis flaviijosephi, Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607495F1D446FE62BD5C.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River system. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret basin. — General distribution: Middle East: Jordan River system (Israel, Jordan, and Syria). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species lives in the shallow zones of lakes, springs, and streams, where it may be found among stones or vegetation. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607495F1D446FE62BD5C.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Rarely used in the aquarium trade.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F02607495F1D446FE62BD5C.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: VU (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, HAB. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F01607495F1D0E6FCD7B8F4.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Golani et al. (2019); confirmed by Golani et al. (2019). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F01607495F1D0E6FCD7B8F4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: A single specimen from Lake Kinneret. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Araguaia River and lower Tocantins River drainages (Brazil). Introduced elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species occurs in rivers. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F01607495F1D0E6FCD7B8F4.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Aquarium escapee.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F01607495F1D0E6FCD7B8F4.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F01607495F1D0E6FCD7B8F4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A single specimen was collected in Lake Kinneret.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F01607495F1D70AFD56BB6C.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Günther (1865: 490), Lortet (1883: 142) and Tristram (1884: 165) as Chromis andreae; confirmed by Steinitz (1953: 217) as Tilapia zillii, Goren (1974: 103 as Tilapia zillii), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Tilapia zillii. — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F01607495F1D70AFD56BB6C.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River basin and Mediterranean coastal plain. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: North Africa: Morocco east to Egypt, south to Nigeria and Central African Republic; Middle East: Syria south to Israel and Jordan. Introduced elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is a demersal, potamodromous species that occasionally forms schools and is mainly diurnal. It is caught in shallow marginal waters in the waterlily zones, inlets, drowned forest areas, and on sandy shores. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F01607495F1D70AFD56BB6C.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F01607495F1D70AFD56BB6C.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CON, CLI, EUT, FIT, HAB. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D28AFD5FBE21.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Golani et al. (2022). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D28AFD5FBE21.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Nahal Amal. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Eastern Africa: Lakes Malawi and Malombe and upper Shiré River. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species occurs in vegetated areas in shallow water of lakes, slow flowing rivers and and is sometimes also observed in rocky habitats. It is an ambush predator feeding on small fishes. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D28AFD5FBE21.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Ornamental fish industry.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D28AFD5FBE21.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D076FE5FB8BD.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Golani et al. (2022). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D076FE5FB8BD.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Nahal Amal. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Eastern Africa: Lake Malawi. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is a rock dwelling cichlid occurring at the greatest depth of all other species in the genus (average depth occurrence of 25 m). It is rarely found in waters less than 10 m. It feeds on invertebrates, small crustaceans as well as small snails. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D076FE5FB8BD.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Ornamental fish industry.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D076FE5FB8BD.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D076FE5FB8BD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Several specimens were collected in Nahal Amal. A previous report of Labeotropheus fuelleborni Ahl, 1926 by Bartley et al. (2006) refers Labidochromis caeruleus. This species hybridizes with other cichlids in Nahal Amal (Golani et al. 2022).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D6D2FC9EBB51.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Günther (1869) as Tilapia aurea; confirmed by Goren (1974: 102), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D6D2FC9EBB51.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River basin including Lake Kinneret and the coastal plain. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Middle East and Africa. Introduced widely elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species inhabits a very wide range of flowing water habitats, from fast-flowing headwaters and reservoirs to polluted canals and large lowland rivers. It is the most environmentally tolerant of all tilapia species, tolerating lack of oxygen, pollution, salinity, etc. Low water temperatures (below 10 – 13 ° C) limit its occurrence. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D6D2FC9EBB51.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D6D2FC9EBB51.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: NE (2023). — Threats: Unknown. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00607595F1D6D2FC9EBB51.taxon	discussion	Remarks. It was hybridized with other cichlids like Oreochromis mossambicus, Oreochromis niloticus, and O. urolepis for amelioation and husbandry of aquaculture.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00606A95F1D566FD5FBED0.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Ben Tuvia (1981) as Sarotherodon mossambicus; confirmed by Golani & Lerner (2007). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00606A95F1D566FD5FBED0.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Freshwater stream flowing to the northern Gulf of Aqaba. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Southeastern Africa; introduced widely elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species occurs in all but fast-flowing waters and thrives in standing waters. Further south in its range, most common in blind estuaries and coastal lakes where it tolerates brackish and marine environments. It feeds on algae, especially diatoms, and detritus, large individuals also take insects and other invertebrates. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00606A95F1D566FD5FBED0.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial in Israel, elsewhere commercially important. Reasons of introduction. Hybridiziation for Aquaculture / research.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F00606A95F1D566FD5FBED0.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1F606A95F1D0E6FD5FB964.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Lortet (1883: 137) and Tristram (1884: 164) as Chromis niloticus, and by Steinitz (1953: 513) as Tilapia nilotica exul, Fishelson (1962) as Tilapia nilotica; confirmed by Goren (1974: 102) as Tilapia nilotica, Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: None.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1F606A95F1D0E6FD5FB964.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Only several, not confirmed, specimens, were collected in the coastal plain. They are escapees from aquaculture. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin. — General distribution: North Africa and East Africa. Widely introduced elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant. — Habitat: This species inhabits a very wide range of flowing water habitats, from fast-flowing headwaters and reservoirs to polluted canals and large lowland rivers. It is the most environmentally tolerant of all tilapia species, tolerating lack of oxygen, pollution, salinity, etc. Low water temperatures (below 10 – 13 ° C) limit its occurrence. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1F606A95F1D0E6FD5FB964.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. None in Israel, elsewhere commercially important. Reasons of introduction. Aquaculture.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1F606A95F1D0E6FD5FB964.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1F606B95F1D52EFBB8BEB5.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in original description by Linnaeus (1758); subsequently reported by Günther (1865: 490) as Chromis nilotica (non Linnaeus, 1758), Lortet (1883: 139) and Tristram (1884: 167) as Chromis microstomus and as Chromis tiberiadis, Steinitz (1953: 216) as Tilapia galilaea, Goren (1974: 102) as Tilapia galiaea, Ben-Tuvia (1978), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1F606B95F1D52EFBB8BEB5.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: The Jordan River basin and the coastal plain. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Middle East; introduced elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This demersal species occurs in shallow inshore waters of lakes and prefers open water, but juveniles and breeding adults can be found offshore. It is often associated with submerged vegetation. It occasionally forms schools and can be territorial. It also occurs in rivers. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1F606B95F1D52EFBB8BEB5.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1F606B95F1D52EFBB8BEB5.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: Unknown. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1F606B95F1D52EFBB8BEB5.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is yearly stocked in Lake Kinneret to enhance the fishery.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606B95F1D0CAFE5DB965.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Syria in original description by Lortet (1883: 141; subsequently reported by Trewavas (1942), Steinitz and Ben-Tuvia (1960) Tristram (1884: 165, 167) as Chromis simonis, Beckman (1962: 65 as Tristramella simonis magdalenae) and Hurani (2005). — Syrian material: MGHN, MSL.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606B95F1D0CAFE5DB965.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Hula and Lake Kinneret. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Middle East: swamps and pools in Damascus area (Syria) and previously lake Hula (Israel). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species lives in the shallow zones of lakes, springs, and streams, where it may be found among stones or vegetation. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606B95F1D0CAFE5DB965.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606B95F1D0CAFE5DB965.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Extirpated. — IUCN: EX (IUCN 2023 as Tristramella magdelainae). — Threats: Unknown. — Moderate sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered as a keystone species. — Decline status: Extinct. — Moderate priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606B95F1D0CAFE5DB965.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species existed in the past in Lake Hula and was extinct after the destruction of the lake (personel communication M Goren).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606895F1D7BAFEEBBCE5.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in the original description by Günther (1865: 490) as Hemichromis sacra; subsequently reported by Lortet (1883: 148) and Tristram (1884: 168) as Hemichromis sacra, Steinitz (1953: 218), Goren (1974: 105), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606895F1D7BAFEEBBCE5.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Lake Tiberias. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Lake Tiberias. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species was a lacustrine species. Reproduction occurred in spring (April-July): it was a paternal mouth-brooder. The species feed on zooplankton and small fish. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606895F1D7BAFEEBBCE5.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Locally consumed, but of no commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606895F1D7BAFEEBBCE5.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Extirpated. — IUCN: EX (IUCN 2023). — Threats: Unknown. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Extinct. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1E606895F1D7BAFEEBBCE5.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is extinct, apparently hybridizied with other species of the family of Cichlidae. Nonetheless, it was reported that this species is still found in Syria. This situation needs to be clarified by field studies and detailed molecular analyses.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606895F1D6B6FD5FBAFD.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Inroduced to Israel in the 1920 ’ s (Ben-Tuvia 1981) as Gambusia affinis; confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999) Gambusia affinis, Tadmor-Levi et al. (2022). — Israel material: HUJ, MNHN.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606895F1D6B6FD5FBAFD.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Widespread all basins of Syria (introduced since 1977). — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: North America: Atlantic and Gulf Coast drainages, eastern USA; widely introduced elsewhere for mosquito control. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species often occurs in shallow; often stagnant ponds and the shallow edges of lakes and streams where predatory fishes are largely absent, and temperatures are high. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606895F1D6B6FD5FBAFD.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance. Reasons of introduction. Bio-control: pest control; its sole task is to eradicate mosquitos’ larvae.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606895F1D6B6FD5FBAFD.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606895F1D33AFDA5BF25.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in original description by Günther (1865: 490), Lortet (1883: 143, 146) and Tristram (1884: 165, 167) as Chromis simonis; subsequently reported by Steinitz (1953: 218), Goren (1974: 105), Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Tristramella simonis simonis and T. simonis intermedia. — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606895F1D33AFDA5BF25.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River system and Lake Kinneret. — Distribution in River Basin: 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Middle East: swamps and pools in Damascus area (Syria), and Jordan River System. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species lives in the shallow zones of lakes, springs, and streams, where it may be found among stones or vegetation. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606895F1D33AFDA5BF25.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606895F1D33AFDA5BF25.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: VU (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, HAB. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606995F1D512FD5FBDCD.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Goren & Ortal (1999); confirmed by Golani & Mires (2000), Golani et al. (2022). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606995F1D512FD5FBDCD.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Slow-flowing spring in the Jordan River basin and in the coastal plain. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Southern North America: Atlantic slope of southeastern Mexico; also, Colombia (introduced) and elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: is restricted to coastal habitats, mostly brackish but also freshwater, such as cenotes (karstic sinkholes), mangrove channels, coastal lagoons, and salt marshes. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606995F1D512FD5FBDCD.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Ornamental fish industry.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1D606995F1D512FD5FBDCD.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606995F1D6B6FEE7BB51.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Richardson (1856); confirmed by Krupp & Schneider (1989). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606995F1D6B6FEE7BB51.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: En Feshkha (Enot Zuqim) and springs running to the Dead Sea and Mediterranean Sea watersheds. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Middle East: Shores of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, and easternmost Mediterranean Sea basin; Socotra (northwestern Indian Ocean). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is euryhyaline, inshore habitats with dense structures of vegetation or stones. Also common in coral reefs in the Red Sea and widely distributed in lower parts of rivers, streams, and all kind of inland water bodies, especially if these have brackish waters. Very rarely reported in freshwater habitats. Spawns on plants, algae and rock fissures. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606995F1D6B6FEE7BB51.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance. Has the potential to be used as aquarium fish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606995F1D6B6FEE7BB51.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: HAB. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Stable. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606995F1D3E2FD5FB80D.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. This species was introduced in the 1940 ’ s (Dor 1987). First record from Israel by Steinitz (1953); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999). — Israel materials: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606995F1D3E2FD5FB80D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Nahal Yarkon and Nahal Amal. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Atlantic slope of Central America: Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico; introduced widely elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species inhabits diverse habitats, including ponds, springs, shaded and sometimes very rocky arroyos, ditches, open lagoons, and rivers with a variety of substrates; the water is clear to murky, muddy, or opaque, sometimes badly polluted. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606995F1D3E2FD5FB80D.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Valuable for the aquarium trade. Reasons of introduction. Ornamental fish industry.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606995F1D3E2FD5FB80D.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606E95F1D566FBBABEEC.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel by Günther (1865: 490), Lortet (1883: 175, 178) and Tristram (1884: 170, 172) as as Cyprinodon dispar and Cyprinodon sophiae (non Heckel, 1843), and in the original description by Boulenger (1907); subsequently reported by Goren (1974: 100) as Aphanius dispar richardsoni; confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Aphanius dispar richardsoni. — Israel material: BMNH.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606E95F1D566FBBABEEC.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Dead Sea basin. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Middle East: springs in the Dead Sea basin (Israel and western Jordan). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species lives in streams and pools on a variety of foundations. Freshwater, brackish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606E95F1D566FBBABEEC.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance. Has the potential to be used as aquarium fish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606E95F1D566FBBABEEC.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: EN (IUCN 2023). — Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, COM, EUT, HAB. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1C606E95F1D566FBBABEEC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was described as subspecies, Aphnaius dispar richardsoni. There is, probably no justification to elevate it to a specific level. Need to further study to eliminate this hypothesis.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1B606E95F1D102FB6BB92C.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Günther (1865: 490) as Cyprinodon mento and C. cypris, Lortet (1883: 174), Tristram (1884: 171) as Cyprinodon cypris, and Steinitz (1953) as Aphanius mento; confirmed by Goren (1974: 98) as Aphanius mento mento, Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Aphanius mento. — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1B606E95F1D102FB6BB92C.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Jordan River basin including the springs running to the Red Sea. — Distribution in River Basin: 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Tigris River basin (Iran, Iraq, Israel, Syria, and Turkey). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species inhabits a wide range of springs, streams, lakes, and rivers. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1B606E95F1D102FB6BB92C.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance. Has the potential to be used as aquarium fish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1B606E95F1D102FB6BB92C.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: There are many threats in the area, but none seems to be strong enough to threaten this species. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Keystone species. — Decline status: Decreasing. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1B606E95F1D742FB99BB6C.taxon	description	Status in Israel. Recorded from Israel in the original description by Goren (1974: 99) as Aphanius mento striptus; subsequently reported by Freyhof & Yoğurtçuoğlu (2020). — Israel material: HUJ, SMF.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1B606E95F1D742FB99BB6C.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Rosh Hanikra and other coastal rivers — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin. — General distribution: South Asia: Middle East: Israel and southwestern Syria. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant. — Habitat: This species inhabits a wide range of springs, streams, and wetlands. Freshwater.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1B606E95F1D742FB99BB6C.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance. Has the potential to be used as aquarium fish.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1B606E95F1D742FB99BB6C.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: NE (2023). — Threats: Unknown. — High sensitivity to human activities. — Keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — High priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1B606E95F1D742FB99BB6C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was described as subspecies, Aphnaius dispar striptus. There is probably no justification to elevate it to a specific level. Need to further study to eliminate this hypothesis.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D33BFCFEBFBB.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israeli freshwater was by Yashouv & Brener (1961); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D33BFCFEBFBB.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; Sea of Azov; Eastern Atlantic: Scotland south to Senegal, including Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands and Cape Verde Islands (introduced elsewhere). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is pelagic, near shore, sometimes in lagoons and estuaries, rarely in freshwaters. Among the Mugilidae recorded from freshwaters, this is the least tolerant of freshwaters. It spawns at sea. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D33BFCFEBFBB.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D33BFCFEBFBB.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: No major threats known. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D33BFCFEBFBB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. It was stocked accidentally in the freshwater system.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D1CFFCF5BA33.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israeli freshwater was by Yashouv & Brener (1961); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999), Golani & Mires (2000). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D1CFFCF5BA33.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: Norway and Iceland south to Senegal, including Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands and Cape Verde Islands. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is pelagic, near shores, sometimes in lagoons and estuaries. It spawns at sea in coastal surface water. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D1CFFCF5BA33.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D1CFFCF5BA33.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: No major threats known. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606F95F1D1CFFCF5BA33.taxon	discussion	Remarks. It was stocked accidentally in the freshwater systems.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606C95F1D447FE5BBDB0.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israeli freshwater by Yashouv & Brener (1961); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Liza ramada, Golani & Mires (2000), Tadmor-Levi et al. (2022). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606C95F1D447FE5BBDB0.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Western Baltic Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: southern Norway south to Senegal, including Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands and Cape Verde Islands. Introduced in Red Sea. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is pelagic, near shore, entering lagoons and the lower reaches of rivers, and is often found in polluted waters. It spawns offshore at sea. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606C95F1D447FE5BBDB0.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606C95F1D447FE5BBDB0.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: No major threats known. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F1A606C95F1D447FE5BBDB0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is naturally found in Mediterranean watersheds. Its fingerlings are annualy stocked to Lake Kinneret and in fish farms.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D3C6FCDCB80C.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israeli freshwater was by Reich (1978); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999), Golani & Mires (2000). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D3C6FCDCB80C.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; Sea of Azov; Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay (Spain) south to Western Sahara, including Madeira; introduced in Caspian Sea area. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is pelagic, near shore, and sometimes in lagoons and estuaries. It spawns at sea. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D3C6FCDCB80C.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D3C6FCDCB80C.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: No major threats known. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D3C6FCDCB80C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. It was stocked accidentally in freshwater systems.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D622FE5BBAFC.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israeli freshwater was by Yashouv & Brener (1961); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999: 4), Golani & Mires (2000). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D622FE5BBAFC.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Nearly circumglobal in temperate and tropical seas and estuaries (including Gulf of Mexico, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Marmara, Black Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, Sea of Japan); introduced elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is a euryhaline, pelagic nearshore species that sometimes forage in lagoons, estuaries, and lower courses of rivers and can tolerate freshwater. It inhabits inshore marine waters, estuaries, lagoons, and rivers, where it can tolerate wide ranges of temperature and salinity. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D622FE5BBAFC.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D622FE5BBAFC.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: No major threats known. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Stable. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606C95F1D622FE5BBAFC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is naturally found in Mediterranean watersheds. Its fingerlings stocked annually in Lake Kinneret and in fish farms.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606D95F1D512FCCBBDCC.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record from Israel by Goren & Ortal (1999). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606D95F1D512FCCBBDCC.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin. — General distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Eastern Atlantic: Portugal, northern Morocco, and Madeira; introduced elsewhere. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant. — Habitat: This species is a benthopelagic, neritic species found inshore, at the mouths of rivers and sewage effluents, but not entering brackish or freshwater. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606D95F1D512FCCBBDCC.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606D95F1D512FCCBBDCC.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: No major threats known. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F19606D95F1D512FCCBBDCC.taxon	discussion	Remark. It was stocked accidentally in the freshwater system.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F18606D95F1D0E6FAB8B965.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. Reported from Israel by Lortet (1883: 129, 130) as Blennius varus and B. lupulus, Tristram (1884: 162) as Blennius varus and B. lupulus; first record from Israel by Steinitz (1953: 223) as Blennius vulgaris; confirmed by Goren (1974: 101) as Salaria fluviatilis, Goren & Ortal (1999: 4) as Salaria fluviatilis. — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F18606D95F1D0E6FAB8B965.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds and Lake Kinneret basins. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin, 3 - Kinneret Basin. — General distribution: Middle Asia: Mediterranean coastal watersheds from Antalya (Türkiye) to Israel. — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is mainly a riverine species that can also be found in lakes. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F18606D95F1D0E6FAB8B965.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. No commercial importance.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F18606D95F1D0E6FAB8B965.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation Status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: NE (2023). — Threats: Unknown. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Stable. — Low priority for conservation action.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F18606D95F1D0E6FAB8B965.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Previous records of Salaria fluviatilis in Israel refer to S. burcuae (Yoğurtçuoğlu et al. 2023).	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F18606295F1D450FF69BD78.taxon	materials_examined	Status in Israel. First record in freshwater from Israel by Yashouv (1969); confirmed by Goren & Ortal (1999), Golani & Mires (2000). — Israel material: HUJ.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F18606295F1D450FF69BD78.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Israel: Mediterranean watersheds. — Distribution in River Basin: 1 - Western Basin, 2 - Dead Sea Basin. — General distribution: Western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; Eastern Atlantic: Norway and Iceland south to Senegal, including Madeira; Red Sea: Gulf of Suez (Mediterranean Sea immigrant). — Distribution in Ecoregion: 436 - Coastal Levant, 438 - Jordan River. — Habitat: This species is pelagic, near shore, and sometimes in lagoons and estuaries. It spawns at sea. Freshwater, brackish, marine.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F18606295F1D450FF69BD78.taxon	biology_ecology	Economic importance. Commercially important.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
03EC8B3A8F18606295F1D450FF69BD78.taxon	conservation	Conservation. Conservation status in Israel: Unknown. — IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023). — Threats: No major threats known. — Low sensitivity to human activities. — Not considered a keystone species. — Decline status: Unknown. — Low priority for conservation action. Conservation. This species is naturally found in Mediterranean watersheds. It is introduced to inland water systems.	en	Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil, Çapar, Osman Bahadir, Golani, Daniel (2023): Freshwater fishes of Israel; a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023. Zootaxa 5369 (4): 451-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.4.1, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5369.4.1/52255
