taxonID	type	description	language	source
03EC0758FFB745385DCCFB26FB455D74.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Easily diagnosed from all New World peiratine genera but Froeschnerisca Coscarόn, 1996 by the following combination of characters: head with preocellar transverse groove deeply impressed; eyes large, as wide as or wider than interocular distance in dorsal view; metapleural sulcus distinctly curved along or near lateral margin of supporting sclerite; procoxae elongate, apical third to half extended caudad of prosternal process; protibial fossula spongiosa occupying apical half to three-quarters of protibia; and mesotibial fossula spongiosa present. Rasahus is diagnosed from Froeschnerisca by possessing a simple basal plate in the male genitalia and lacking projection on the tenth tergite of the female genitalia; see discussion under Key to Species of Rasahus and Froeschnerisca.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB745385DCCFB26FB455D74.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The following morphological characters are present in all species herein described. This does not necessarily constitute a redescription of the genus Rasahus, as I have not examined all species in the genus and cannot account for the states of some characters in unexamined species: Structure: Head fusiform, integument smooth, pilose (including short pile and much longer thin setae). Anteocular region triangular, long, narrower at base than postocular region, unarmed, pilose, clypeus slightly raised above mandibular plates. Postocular region with transverse, convex sulcus delimiting ocellar tubercle, region converging to distinct neck. Neck dorsally glabrous, with distinct 1 + 1 lateral tubercles. Ventral surface of head covered in sparse short setae, slightly tumid anteriorly in lateral view. Antennae with all segments cylindrical. Scape slightly clavate, with pedicel and flagellum progressively thinner than previous antennomere. Scape with four long thick semi-erect setae on mesal margin in basal half, apical half with shorter thick oblique setae and appressed fine pile. Pedicel generally covered with short dense oblique setae, with a long strong seta at base and apex of pedicel, and with sparse trichobothria. Basi- and distiflagellum with short dense oblique pilosity less than diameter of segment and sparse semi-erect setae slightly longer than diameter of segment generally over whole length. Eyes large, reniform (concave posteroventrally), glabrous. Ocelli present. Rostrum curved, first segment cylindrical, second segment essentially cylindrical but very slightly swollen basally on ventral surface (= opposite ventral face of head at rest), third segment conical, with sparse, scattered setae on all segments. Pronotum: Anterior pronotal lobe roundly quadrangular, integument smooth and glabrous inbetween sulci (when present), with collar having conspicuous large rounded tubercles, anterior margin concave between these tubercles, disc lacking spines or tubercles. Posterior pronotal lobe short, arcuately-trapezoidal, disc lacking spines or tubercles, humeri more or less rounded, posterior margin smoothly arcuate. Scutellum triangular, disc slightly depressed, laterally with short, rounded carina, apex prolonged into moderately long, slightly recurved spine. Pleura: Propleuron generally with short setae, unarmed, anteroventral corner bulging. Mesopleuron smooth to slightly wrinkled, with sparse setae, unarmed. Metapleuron with sulcus arched, bent sharply anteriorly and beginning near the posterior end of the suture separating the mesepimeron and mesepisternum. Sterna: All sterna generally smooth and with sparse short setae. Prosternum with rostral groove margined by short and long setae. Mesosternum midlongitudinally carinate. Hemelytra: Insect macropterous, hemelytra narrower than abdomen, distinctly exposing connexiva, costa with short dense more or less appressed setae and longer sparse oblique setae at base. Forelegs: Procoxa elongate, separated by prosternal groove, unarmed, setose on anterior face, cavity open posteriorly. Protrochanter setose, unarmed. Profemur straight, incrassate basally, narrowed apically, much thicker than other femora, unarmed, pilose on all surfaces (more so ventrally) with ventral setae arranged in two or more rows. Protibia cylindrical, slightly recurved to apex, pilose dorsally (more densely so apically), lacking spines or tubercles, fossula spongiosa present, extending beyond apex of protibia. Protarsus three-segmented, cylindrical, pilose (more densely so ventrally). Protarsal claws simple. Middle legs: Mesocoxa globose, mesofemur less strongly thickened than profemur. Otherwise similar to forelegs. Hind legs: Metafemur cylindrical, not at all thickened, not reaching abdominal apex, metatibial fossula spongiosa absent, femur and tibia more regularly setose. Otherwise similar to middle legs. Abdomen elongate-oval, connexival margin entire / smooth, venter evenly rounded, spiracles close to connexival margin and midway between anterior and posterior margin, ventrites with sparse setae along posterior margins, second ventrite carinate medially. Included species: Rasahus abolitus sp. nov.; Rasahus aeneus (Walker, 1873); Rasahus albomaculatus (Mayr, 1865); Rasahus amapaensis Coscarόn, 1983; Rasahus angulatus Coscarόn, 1986; Rasahus arcitenens Stål, 1872; Rasahus arcuiger (Stål, 1862); Rasahus argentinensis Coscarόn, 1983; Rasahus atratus Coscarόn, 1983; Rasahus bifurcatus Champion, 1899; Rasahus biguttatus (Say, 1832); Rasahus brasiliensis Coscarόn, 1983; Rasahus castaneus Coscarόn, 1983; Rasahus costaricensis Coscarόn & Maldonado, 1988; Rasahus deliquus sp. nov.; Rasahus flavovittatus Stål, 1872; Rasahus grandis Fallou, 1889; Rasahus guttatipennis (Stål, 1862); Rasahus hamatus (Fabricius, 1781); Rasahus limai Pinto, 1935; Rasahus maculipennis (Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1825); Rasahus myrmecinus (Erichson, 1848) stat. rev. et comb. nov.; Rasahus nesiotes sp. nov.; Rasahus paraguayensis Coscarόn, 1983; Rasahus peruensis Coscarόn, 1983; Rasahus setosus Bérenger, Gil-Santana, Pluot- Sigwalt & Blanchet, 2007; Rasahus scutellaris (Fabricius, 1787) stat. rev.; Rasahus sulcicollis (Audinet-Serville, 1831); Rasahus surinamensis Coscarόn, 1983; Rasahus thoracicus Stål, 1872. Three species are newly-described in the genus Rasahus:	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB1453E5DCCFF2DFBD05E60.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Easily separated from all other species of Rasahus by the small size, the black connexiva, and the presence of a small pale macula occupying the apex of the medial cell of the hemelytral membrane. Coloration: Black, except the following reddish-testaceous: all antennal segments (lighter apically), femora to tarsi of all legs (but these, especially the femur, suffused with both slightly lighter red and black), and fossula spongiosa of protibia and mesotibia. Connexiva and abdominal tergites suffused with dark castaneous. Second and third rostral segment also slightly lighter, becoming dark castaneous but may be due to preservation. The following spots of the hemelytra tawny or luteous: apical third of clavus, adjacent portion of corium covering apical half of claval margin, faint short vitta on membrane adjacent to corial apex, and oval spot well-contained in medial cell of membrane.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB1453E5DCCFF2DFBD05E60.taxon	description	Structure: Anteocular region covered on all surfaces with short silvery pile. Interocular region with width subequal to width of eye, with setae and silvery pile dorsally. Postocular region with short longitudinal sulcus reaching cephalad from transverse sulcus. Neck laterally and ventrally with short pile. Antennae: as per description under Rasahus. Eyes in lateral view nearly reaching dorsal margin and not reaching ventral margin. Ocelli moderate-sized, slightly raised, separated from each other by slightly more than diameter of one ocellus and from eye by approximate width of one ocellus. Rostrum: as per description under Rasahus. Pronotum: Anterior pronotal lobe with sulci distinct and granulate within, sparse short and long setae in sulci. Posterior pronotal lobe with small granules immediately posterior to transverse pronotal suture on apical third of disc medially, this granulate area diminishing laterally, otherwise smooth, with few scattered setae near lateral and posterior margins. Scutellum obscured by pin, apex prolonged in apically-rounded spine. Pleura: Propleuron with integument granulate, delimited laterally from dorsal face by distinct carina. Mesopleuron with integument more sparsely granulate. Metapleuron with integument conspicuously granulate, glabrous except coxal sheath densely silvery pilose, metapleural sulcus narrow between carinae. Sterna: Metasternum convex medially, more or less rounded posteriorly. Hemelytra reaching apex of seventh tergite, base of corium (usually veins) and outer margin of clavus with rows of distinct black setae. Forelegs: Profemur with ventral setae arranged in two rows. Protibia slightly thickened apically, with thick brush of setae at anterior face at apex, fossula spongiosa long, covering almost three-fourths length of tibia. Middle legs: Tarsus with thick black spinose setae ventrally, second tarsal segment longest. All else as forelegs. Hind legs: as per description under Rasahus. Abdomen with connexiva with long thin seta at posterolateral angle, disc of seventh ventrite densely pubescent. Female genitalia: Of general peiratine form. Visible portion of eighth tergite short, posterior margin convex. Ninth tergite trapezoidal. Tenth tergite trapezoidal to subtriangular, apex subrounded. Lobes of valvifer 1 (= part of eighth segment) hemispherical. Valvulae 1 somewhat elongate, convex apicolaterally, apex roundly acute. All segments with integument smooth (except few rugulae ventrally on valvifer 1), lacking spines or tubercles, with abundant short pale appressed pubescence and sparse scattered long semi-erect setae. Tenth tergite with long golden setae of moderate length, more densely so along lateral and apical margins. Male: unknown. Measurements (in mm): total length (apex of head to apex of hemelytra): 13.3; head length: 2.4; head width (across eyes): 1.5; anteocular length: 1.2; postocular length: 0.4; neck length: 0.4; scape length: 1.0; pedicel length: 2.1; basiflagellum length: 2.2; distiflagellum length: 2.3; antennal segment ratio: 1.0: 2.1: 2.2: 2.3; eye length: 0.8; eye width: 0.5; rostral segment 1 length: 0.9; rostral segment 2 length: 1.5; rostral segment 3 length: 0.9; rostral segment ratio: 1.0: 1.7: 1.0; prothorax length: 3.2; prothorax width (across humeri): 3.2; anterior pronotal lobe length: 2.3; posterior pronotal lobe length: 0.9; scutellum length: 1.6; scutellum width (at base): 1.4; hemelytra length: 8.7; procoxa length: 1.7; protrochanter length: 0.9; profemur length: 3.1; protibia length: 2.8; protibial fossula spongiosa length: 2.6 (0.6 of which overhangs tibial apex); protarsi length: 1.2; protarsal segment ratio: approximately 1.0: 1.5: 1.7; mesocoxa length: 0.7; mesotrochanter length: 0.7; mesofemur length: 2.9; mesotibia length: 2.5; mesotibial fossula spongiosa length: 2.1; mesotarsi length: 1.4; mesotarsal segment ratio: approximately 1.0: 2.0: 1.5; metacoxa length: 1.0; metatrochanter length: 1.0; metafemur length: 4.1; metatibia length: 4.4; metatarsi length: 2.4; metatarsal segment ratio: approximately 1.0: 3.0: 2.0; abdomen length: 7.1; abdomen (widest) width: 4.1.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB1453E5DCCFF2DFBD05E60.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: [THE BAHAMAS:] Grand Bahama Island: 27 – 28 December 1965, R. D. Alexander [1 female, holotype] (UMMZ).	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB1453E5DCCFF2DFBD05E60.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Known only from the type locality (Fig. 4).	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB1453E5DCCFF2DFBD05E60.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The specific epithet, a noun in apposition, comes from the Greek νησιώτης, Latinized nesiotes, ‘ islander’ and references the type locality.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB1453E5DCCFF2DFBD05E60.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species is easily referred to the complex of species with a circular macula well-contained in the medial cell of the hemelytral membrane (= hamatus group; see Key to Species of Rasahus and Froeschnerisca). This group consists of R. amapaensis, R. angulatus, R. arcitenens, R. arcuiger, R. argentinensis, R. biguttatus, R. grandis, R. hamatus, R. limai, R. thoracicus, and R. scutellaris stat. rev. (see next section). Among these, it seems that R. nesiotes sp. nov. is most closely related to R. hamatus, based on a more similar color pattern, including the lack of a pale arcuate spot of the cubital cell and the black costal margins, as well as close geographical proximity. However, R. nesiotes sp. nov. differs from R. hamatus in various ways. First, the female holotype of R. nesiotes sp. nov. (ca. 13 mm) is much smaller than females of R. hamatus (17 – 18 mm). The spots of the hemelytra differ subtly as well. In R. nesiotes sp. nov., the postscutellar macula is limited to the apical third of the clavus and is essentially obsolete in the basal third of the adjacent part of the corium. Conversely, the postscutellar macula occupies the apical half of the clavus and reaches to the bases (although narrowed) in the adjacent region of the corium in R. hamatus. The round spot of the membranal medial cell also differs in size between the two species, being smaller and clearly not occupying most of the cell in R. nesiotes sp. nov. versus essentially filling the cell in R. hamatus. Lastly, the connexiva of R. nesiotes sp. nov. are wholly black, whereas they are either wholly stramineous (males) or distinctly bicolorous yellow-black (females) in R. hamatus. This is the only peiratine species currently known from the Bahamas.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB0453D5DCCFB16FD975DAC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Easily separated from all other species of Rasahus by the combination of lacking any major pale maculae in the apical half of the hemelytral membrane, particularly in or posteriad of the medial cell, the nearly completely luteous margin of the connexiva. The external genitalia of the male also are unique in possessing the combination of a moderately-slender, weakly-bent median process of the pygophore and two subequally-deeplylobed parameres. Coloration: Generally dark castaneous, except base and apex of clavus, corium adjacent to clavus, very faint transverse suffusion in cubital cell of membrane, small spot on hemelytra membrane adjacent to corial apex, basal fourth to third of mesofemur, basal half of metafemur, all tarsi, and all connexiva dorsally and ventrally (except small fuscous spot at mesoposterior corner) pale. Posterior pronotal lobe slightly darker than anterior lobe. Hemelytra blackish, darker than body (except for pale spots). Ventrites 3 – 7 distinctly tawny, with area around spiracles and sublateral area faintly suffused with fuscous. Ventral surface of connexiva luteous and distinctly contrasting tawny ventrites.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB0453D5DCCFB16FD975DAC.taxon	description	Structure: Anteocular region covered with short golden pile, laterally with few long dark setae. Interocular region with width much narrower than width of eye, more or less glabrous. Neck generally glabrous. Antennae: as per description under Rasahus. Eyes in lateral view surpassing dorsal margin and reaching ventral margin. Ocelli large, raised, separated from each other by width or slightly less of one ocellus and from eye by halfwidth of one ocellus. Rostrum: as per description under Rasahus. Pronotum: Anterior pronotal lobe with sulci and granules within sulci distinct, sparse long setae in remains of sulci. Posterior pronotal lobe with small longitudinal wrinkles coming from transverse pronotal suture, otherwise smooth, not granulose or rugulose, pilose along lateral and posterior margins. Scutellum with apex prolonged in apically-rounded spine. Pleura: Propleuron with integument sparsely granulate, delimited laterally from dorsal face by distinct carina. Mesopleuron with integument generally smooth, slightly punctate, with dense patch of pile near ventral margin. Metapleuron with integument transversely wrinkled and granulate, glabrous, metapleural sulcus narrow between carinae. Sterna: Mesosternum damaged by pin. Metasternum convex medially, granulate, slightly carinate posteriorly. Hemelytra distinctly exceeding abdominal apex, appearing glabrous, membranal cells minutely wrinkled. Forelegs: Profemur with ventral setae multiseriate. Protibia slightly expanded at apex, protibial fossula spongiosa long, greater than half-length of tibia. Middle legs: Mesotibial fossula spongiosa long, covering slightly less than one-half of tibia. All else as forelegs. Hind legs: Femur and tibia with dense short pile near apex. All else as middle legs. Abdomen with anterior portion of third ventrite also carinate medially. Male genitalia: Eighth ventrite extended caudad as median triangular spine. Pygophore sparsely pilose, posterior margin somewhat concave between median process and base of parameres, median apical process tall, moderately slender, slightly bent. Parameres large, asymmetrical, both generally spade-shaped and deeply lobate, moderately pilose, right paramere with median lobe acutely triangular, apex rounded and bent inward, left paramere with median lobe more rounded, apex broadly rounded. Aedeagus not examined. Female: unknown. Measurements (in mm): total length (apex of head to apex of hemelytra): 18.2; head length: 2.8; head width (across eyes): 2.0; anteocular length: 1.4; postocular length: 0.3; neck length: 0.2; scape length: 1.8; pedicel length: 4.1; basiflagellum length: 2.8; distiflagellum length: 3.0; antennal segmental ratio: 1.0: 2.25: 1.5: 1.7; eye length: 1.1; eye width: 0.7; rostral segment 1 length: 0.9; rostral segment 2 length: 1.9; rostral segment 3 length: 0.9; rostral segment ratio: 1: 2: 1; prothorax length: 3.9; prothorax width (across humeri): 4.2; anterior pronotal lobe length: 2.4; posterior pronotal lobe length: 1.5; scutellum length: 2.3; scutellum width (at base): 1.8; hemelytra length: 12.9; procoxa length: 2.1; protrochanter length: 1.1; profemur length: 4.3; protibia length: 3.6; protibial fossula spongiosa length: 2.6 (of which 0.5 extends beyond apex of protibia); protarsi length: 1.8; protarsal segment ratio: approximately: 1.0: 1.7: 2.4; mesocoxa length: 1.1; mesotrochanter length: 1.1; mesofemur length: 4.4; mesotibia length: 3.8; mesotibial fossula spongiosa length: 1.6; mesotarsi length: 2.1; mesotarsal segment ratio: approximately 1.0: 2.1: 2.3; metacoxa length: 1.2; metatrochanter length: 1.2; metafemur length: 7.0; metatibia length: 7.3; metatarsi length: 2.8; metatarsal segment ratio: approximately 1.0: 2.5: 2.5; abdomen length: 8.6; abdomen (widest) width: 5.1; pygophore length: 1.6; pygophore width (across widest point): 1.6.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB0453D5DCCFB16FD975DAC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: PANAMA: Chiriqui Prov., Progreso, 16 April 1923, “ 390 ”, F. M. Gaige [1 male, holotype] (UMMZ).	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB0453D5DCCFB16FD975DAC.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Known only from the type locality (Fig. 4).	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB0453D5DCCFB16FD975DAC.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The specific epithet comes from the Latin adjective deliquus, - a, - um, ‘ wanting, lacking’ and references the absence of any pale macula in the medial membranal cell.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB0453D5DCCFB16FD975DAC.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The species is closest in coloration to those species lacking any pale maculae in or behind the medial cell of the hemelytral membrane, i. e., R. atratus and R. guttatipennis. Both differ from R. deliquus sp. nov. in lacking completely luteous margins of the connexiva. From the former, R. deliquus sp. nov. is easily separated by the presence of a distinct postscutellar macula (hemelytra wholly black in R. atratus); it is also slightly larger (16.6 vs. 18.2 mm) as well as geographically separated (Brazil, Peru vs. Panama). From the latter, R. deliquus sp. nov. may be separated by the absence of the pale macula of the cubital cell in the hemelytral membrane, as well as the larger size. The holotype possesses a distinctly dark-reddish cast to the head, pronotum, and dark portions of the legs; however, it is unknown whether this represents a real characteristic of the color pattern or is simply a result of differential melanization of the cuticle. Based on Coscarόn’s (1983 a) plates, the genitalia, although generally similar to congeners, appear to be unique within the genus in possessing the combination of a moderately-slender, weakly-bent median process of the pygophore (Fig. 5 A) and two subequally-deeply-lobed parameres (Fig. 5 B, C).	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFBC45365DCCFF2DFC895B5D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Easily separated from all other species of Rasahus by the combination of small size (male less than 12 mm) and the obsolete pronotal sulci and granules. The external genitalia of the male also are unique in possessing the combination of a strongly-bent, apically-tapering median process of the pygophore. Coloration: Blackish, except apical spine of scutellum, apical interior of clavus from scutellar spine to apex, adjacent part of corium from base to apex of clavus, three spots on hemelytral membrane (ovoidal spot near base, narrow arcuate spot near apex of corium, and forked spot at apex), anterior half of connexiva (dorsally and ventrally, with adjacent part of ventrite), apex of coxae, base of metafemur, base of all tibiae, and meso- and metatarsi whitish. Incisures of antennal segments (plus, base of scape), protarsi, and fossula spongiosa brownish.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFBC45365DCCFF2DFC895B5D.taxon	description	Structure: Anteocular region covered on all surfaces with short silvery pile, laterally with few long dark setae. Interocular region with width subequal to width of eye, with three setae in triangle and silvery pile dorsally (less so than anteocular but possibly abraided). Postocular region with short longitudinal sulcus reaching cephalad from transverse sulcus. Neck dorsally glabrous, laterally and ventrally with short pile. Antennae: as per description under Rasahus. Eyes in lateral view surpassing dorsal margin and nearly reaching ventral margin. Ocelli large, somewhat raised, separated from each other by width of one ocellus, separated from eye by less than width of one ocellus. Rostrum: as per description under Rasahus. Pronotum: Anterior pronotal lobe with sulci essentially obliterated, short and long setae in remains of sulci, glabrous inbetween, disc unarmed, deep sulcus on midline in front of transverse suture that extends cephalad to middle of lobe. Posterior pronotal lobe smooth, without wrinkles or sulci, pilose along lateral and posterior margins. Scutellum mostly obscured by pin, apex prolonged in dorsally-setose spine. Pleura: Propleuron smooth. Metapleuron slightly transversely wrinkled, glabrous, metapleural sulcus narrow between carinae. Sterna: Metasternum medially obscured by pin, possibly carinate midlongitudinally. Hemelytra slightly but distinctly exceeding abdominal apex, veins of corium bearing semi-erect setae. Forelegs: Profemur with ventral setae arranged in two rows. Protibial fossula spongiosa long, greater than halflength of tibia. Middle legs: Tibia generally more pilose (more densely so ventrally) and with fewer distinct dorsal setae, mesotibial fossula spongiosa relatively shorter, about half-length of tibia. All else as fore legs. Hind legs: as per description under Rasahus. Abdomen connexiva with long thin seta at posterolateral angle, sutures poorly indicated. Apex of seventh ventrite strongly pilose. Male genitalia: Eighth ventrite extended caudad as median triangular spine. Pygophore sparsely pilose, posterior margin concave between median process and base of parameres, median apical process tall, strongly sinuate (left margin strongly curved, right margin weakly so), broad and bent sinistral in basal half, curving dextral in apical half, apically tapering to acuminate point. Parameres large, asymmetrical, both spade-shaped, more pilose than pygophore, especially near apex, left paramere larger, with attenuated, mesally-bent, somewhat flattened apex, right paramere slightly broader with non-attenuated tectiform apex. Aedeagus not examined. Female: unknown. Measurements (in mm): total length (apex of head to apex of hemelytra): 10.2; head length: 1.7; head width (across eyes): 1.2; anteocular length: 0.7; postocular length: 0.3; neck length: 0.3; scape length: 0.8; pedicel length: 2.2; basiflagellum length: 1.8; distiflagellum length: 2.3; antennal segment ratio: 1.0: 2.75: 2.25: 2.9; eye length: 0.7; eye width: 0.4; rostral segment 1 length: 0.6; rostral segment 2 length: 1.0; rostral segment 3 length: 0.6; rostral segment ratio: 1.0: 1.67: 1.0; prothorax length: 2.4; prothorax width (across humeri): 2.5; anterior pronotal lobe length: 1.7; posterior pronotal lobe length: 0.7; scutellum length: 1.2; scutellum width (at base): 0.9; hemelytra length: 8.1; procoxa length: 1.6; protrochanter length: 0.6; profemur length: 2.7; protibia length: 2.5; protibial fossula spongiosa length: 2.0; protarsi length: 0.6; protarsal segment ratio: 1.0: 1.6: 1.6; mesocoxa length: 0.7; mesotrochanter length: 0.6; mesofemur length: 2.9; mesotibia length: 2.4; mesotibial fossula spongiosa length: 1.5; mesotarsi length: 1.1; mesotarsal segment ratio: 1.0: 2.1: 2.1; metacoxa length: 0.8; metatrochanter length: 0.7; metafemur length: 4.4; metatibia length: 5.0; metatarsi length: 1.9; metatarsal segment ratio: 1.0: 2.5: 2.0; abdomen length: 5.7; abdomen (widest) width: 2.7; pygophore length: 1.4; pygophore width (across widest point): 1.1.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFBC45365DCCFF2DFC895B5D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: FRENCH GUIANA: Kaw Mountains, 2 km N. Route D 6, MV light, 4 ° 33.91 ’ N, 52 ° 9.38 ’ W, 22 December 2000, V. R. Block, INHS Insect Collection 780,124 [1 male, holotype] (INHS).	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFBC45365DCCFF2DFC895B5D.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Known only from the type locality (Fig. 4).	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFBC45365DCCFF2DFC895B5D.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The specific epithet is the Latin adjective abolitus, - a, - um, formed from the Latin verb aboleo ‘ to destroy, abolish, efface, annihilate, check the growth of, retard, decay’. This name was chosen to highlight the “ effaced ” sulci and granulations of the pronotal lobes.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFBC45365DCCFF2DFC895B5D.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The new species is very similar to Rasahus scutellaris auct. (nec Fabricius, 1787) (see below) in structure, color pattern, and small size (both 10 – 10.5 mm in males). The color pattern also is similar to R. sulcicollis and to a lesser extent, R. castaneus, although their larger size precludes any of these species and their associated junior synonyms from being conspecific with R. abolitus sp. nov. Morphologically, however, R. abolitus sp. nov. and R. scutellaris auct. differ markedly in the structure of the pronotum. Coscarόn (1983 a) noted in her redescription of R. scutellaris auct.: “ [English transl.] Anterior [pronotal] lobe with granulations in the sulci and more or less well-marked basal depression where joins the lateral internal sulci. ” In contrast, the anterior pronotal sulci of the new species are not at all well marked, being rather obsolescent. Granulations also appear to be essentially absent in the lateral internal sulci, but in the external and middle lateral sulci minor sculpturing is apparent under higher magnification (Fig. 3 C). Coscarόn (1983 a) also noted of R. scutellaris auct.: “ [English transl.] Posterior [pronotal] lobe with granulation, rugosities, and hairs. ”, and the posterior pronotal lobe of the new species is very smooth, lacking any granulation (ignoring microsculpture). The anteocular part of the head also is a slightly longer, composing a larger proportion of the overall head length than in R. scutellaris auct. Two other species, i. e., R. albomaculatus and R. surinamensis, also lack granulations and well-defined sulci, but each possesses more extensive pale patterning on the hemelytra and is much larger (21 – 25 mm in R. albomaculatus and 16 – 18 mm in R. surinamensis). Based on Coscarόn’s (1983 a) plates, the genitalia closely resembles R. scutellaris auct., although R. abolitus sp. nov. might differ in possessing a more acuminated apex of the median process (Fig. 5 D) and a less attenuated left paramere (Fig. 5 E, F). As mentioned, the color pattern is very similar to R. scutellaris auct. In addition to generally sharing the same pale maculations, both species appear to be distinctive in their bicolorous scutellum: black with a whitish spine. However, a few differences exist. First, the claval stripe does not extend beyond the base of the scutellar spine in R. abolitus sp. nov., occupying approximately the apical third of the clavus, whereas in R. scutellaris auct. the claval stripe extends well beyond the base of the scutellar spine, occupying at least the apical half of the clavus. Second, the oblique pale corial stripe adjacent to the clavus (paraclaval stripe) is essentially complete in R. abolitus sp. nov., whereas it is nearly interrupted near the base in R. scutellaris auct. Third, a pale marginal stripe connects the paraclaval stripe to the central corial spot and continues along the posterior margin of the hemelytra in R. abolitus sp. nov.; yet, this pale marginal stripe appears to be missing or obsolete in R. scutellaris auct. Fourth, the connexiva are pale in the basal half in R. abolitus sp. nov., rather than in the basal two-thirds in R. scutellaris auct. Finally, the apical pale spot of the membrane appears to follow the two apical veins, forming an inverted “ Y ”, in R. abolitus sp. nov., whereas the spot appears as a regular oval, enveloping the area between the two apical veins, in R. scutellaris auct. It is recognized that some of these color characters might be shown to vary intraspecifically in one or both species, as more specimens are examined. Two other species of Rasahus were taken syntopically with R. abolitus sp. nov.: a single adult male of R. sulcicollis (INHS Insect Collection 780,186) and a single adult female of R. castaneus (Fig. 6 A). The two specimens bear an identical locality label to the holotype of R. abolitus sp. nov. and were determined by the author. The latter specimen represents the first record of R. castaneus from French Guiana.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFBC45365DCCFF2DFC895B5D.taxon	materials_examined	The identity of Reduvius scutellaris Fabricius, 1787. In order to confirm that R. abolitus sp. nov. was not conspecific with R. scutellaris, images of the holotype of Reduvius scutellaris from ZMUC were studied. The species was described from “ Cajennae ” [= Cayenne, French Guiana] by Fabricius (1787), and Stål (1868) later reported that the single type specimen was greatly damaged, with only portions of the head, thorax, scutellum, clavus, [hemelytral] membrane, and [hind] wings remaining. Receiving these images (Fig. 7) confirmed this highly-damaged status. However, the images also revealed that Rasahus scutellaris auct. (nec Fabricius, 1787) is not the same species as Reduvius scutellaris Fabricius, 1787. Coscarόn (1983 a) apparently had not studied the type of Reduvius scutellaris, nor had she examined material of this species from French Guiana. It can be clearly seen that Reduvius scutellaris is a species of Rasahus in which a small pale spot is fully contained in the apical portion of the medial membranal cell, as opposed to R. abolitus sp. nov., the species referred to Rasahus scutellaris examined by Champion (1899: pl. 13, fig. 9), and the species referred to Rasahus scutellaris figured by Coscarόn (1983 a: pl. 18, fig. A). Contrary to Coscarόn’s (1983 a) redescription, Stål (1868) stated that the length of Reduvius scutellaris was 15 mm. The true identity of Reduvius scutellaris, based on plates in the revision (i. e., Coscarόn 1983 a), should be one of the following species: R. amapaensis, R. arcitenens, R. arcuiger, or Rasahus rufiventris (Walker, 1873), as Coscarόn (1983 a) had examined the type of each. Of these, R. arcitenens and R. arcuiger have a strong pale postscutellar macula (not apparent in holotype of R. scutellaris) and a larger pale spot of the medial membranal cell. Similarly, R. amapaensis also possesses a postscutellar spot, although it is not as striking. Conversely, R. rufiventris (Fig. 6 B) matches well the damaged holotype of Reduvius scutellaris in the lack of a distinct postscutellar spot, the shape of the arcuate spot of the cubital membranal cell, and the small spot of the medial membranal cell. Thus, Pirates rufiventris Walker, 1873 is here considered to be a junior synonym of Reduvius scutellaris Fabricius, 1787 syn. nov. Additional specimens from the type locality compared with the remains of Fabricius’ mutilated type material will be useful to corroborate this status. The identity of Pirates myrmecinus Erichson, 1848. Given the confounded identity of R. scutellaris, images of the holotype of Pirates myrmecinus from ZMHB were also studied. This is the only junior synonym of R. scutellaris, which was established by Stål (1868); Cimex scutatus Gmelin, 1788 is clearly a misspelling of Fabricius’ specific epithet, as Gmelin referred to Fabricius’ original description. Like R. scutellaris, the holotype of P. myrmecinus (Fig. 8) is badly damaged. Despite this damage, some important morphological features are still visible, allowing the status of this taxon to be further clarified. Simultaneously under study by me were two complete specimens from Belize that share these conspicuous morphologies (see Remarks below) and agree well with the holotype in other general facies. Thus, the taxon Pirates myrmecinus Erichson, 1848, is here resurrected as a valid species, transferred to Rasahus, and redescribed, based on the Belizean specimens:	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB8452E5DCCF8E0FD67589F.taxon	description	Structure: Anteocular region covered on all surfaces with short silvery pile, laterally with few long setae. Interocular region with width 1.5 times width of eye in male, 1.3 times width of eye in female, with silvery pile dorsally. Postocular region with short longitudinal sulcus reaching cephalad from transverse sulcus. Neck appearing glabrous. Antennae: as per description under Rasahus. Eyes in lateral view surpassing dorsal margin and nearly reaching ventral margin. Ocelli large, slightly raised on inconspicuous tubercle, separated from each other by twice width of one ocellus in male and 1.5 times width in female, separated from eye by slightly more than width of one ocellus in both but slightly more distant in male. Rostrum: as per description under Rasahus. Pronotum: Anterior pronotal lobe with sulci present and hirsute, integument of sulci with inconspicuous granules, short and long setae in sulci, deep foveolar sulcus on midline in front of transverse suture. Posterior pronotal lobe with long wrinkles emanating from transverse suture, lots of setae along lateral and posterior regions. Scutellum with minute granules, with long and short pile on disc, apex prolonged in dorsally-setose spine. Pleura: Propleuron smooth. Metapleuron slightly transversely wrinkled, glabrous, metapleural sulcus wide between carinae. Sterna: Metasternum evenly convex, slightly pustulate. Hemelytra slightly but distinctly exceeding abdominal apex in male, not but nearly reaching apex in female, veins of corium bearing semi-erect setae. Forelegs: Profemur with ventral setae arranged in two rows. Protibial fossula spongiosa present, about halflength of tibia. Middle legs: Mesoibia generally more pilose and with fewer distinct dorsal setae, mesotibial fossula spongiosa relatively shorter, slightly less than one-third length of tibia, more densely setose ventrally. All else as forelegs. Hind legs: Metatibia densely setose apicolaterally although less so in female. All else as middle legs. Abdomen connexiva with long thin seta at posterolateral angle, sutures poorly indicated, third ventrite also carinate medially in male. Apex of seventh ventrite strongly pilose. Male genitalia: Eighth ventrite extended caudad as median triangular spine. Pygophore sparsely pilose, posterior margin concave between median process and base of parameres, median apical process tall, strongly sinuate (left margin strongly curved, right margin weakly so), broad and bent sinistral in basal half, curving dextral in apical half, apex broadly triangular with acute point. Parameres large, asymmetrical, both spade-shaped and with apices acutely rounded, densely pilose on outer surface, left paramere slightly larger, basal lobe more shallow, with attenuated, mesally-bent, somewhat flattened apex, right paramere slightly broader, deeply lobate with greatest width skewed to basal-third, with non-attenuated tectiform apex. Aedeagus not examined. Female genitalia: Of general peiratine form. Visible portion of eighth tergite short, posterior margin convex. Ninth tergite trapezoidal. Tenth tergite trapezoidal, apices subrounded. Lobes of valvifer 1 (= part of eighth segment) hemispherical. Valvulae 1 somewhat elongate, convex apicolaterally, apex roundly acute. All segments with integument smooth (except few rugulae ventrally on valvifer 1), lacking spines or tubercles, with abundant short pale appressed pubescence and sparse scattered long semi-erect setae. Tenth tergite with long golden setae of moderate length, more densely so along lateral and apical margins. Measurements (in mm): total length (apex of head to apex of hemelytra): male: 11.2, female: 11.7; head length: 1.6; head width (across eyes): male: 1.5, female: 1.6; anteocular length: male: 0.6, female: 0.7; postocular length: 0.3; neck length: 0.7; scape length: male: 0.9, female: 1.0; pedicel length: male: 2.4, female: 2.3; basiflagellum length: [male: 2.4, female: 2.1; distiflagellum length: male: 2.4, female: 2.1; antennal segment ratio: 1.0: 2.5: 2.3: 2.3; eye length: 0.4; eye width: 0.3; rostral segment 1 length: 0.6; rostral segment 2 length: 0.9; rostral segment 3 length: 0.5; rostral segment ratio: 1.0: 1.5: 0.8; prothorax length: male: 2.5, female: 2.6; prothorax width (across humeri): male: 2.8, female: 3.0; anterior pronotal lobe length: 1.6; posterior pronotal lobe length: male: 0.9, female: 1.0; scutellum length: male: 1.4, female: 1.5; scutellum width (at base): male: 1.3, female: 1.5; hemelytra length: male: 7.5, female: 8.0; procoxa length: 1.4; protrochanter length: 0.7; profemur length: 2.6; protibia length: male: 2.2, female: 2.4; protibial fossula spongiosa length: male: 1.1, female: 1.0; protarsi length: male: 1.2, female: 1.3; protarsal segment ratio: 1.0: 1.8: 2.5; mesocoxa length: 0.7; mesotrochanter length: 0.7; mesofemur length: male: 2.4, female: 2.8; mesotibia length: male: 2.3, female: 2.7; mesotibial fossula spongiosa length: male: 0.7, female: 0.8; mesotarsi length: male: 1.2, female: 1.4; mesotarsal segment ratio: male: 1.0: 2.0: 2.0, female: 1.0: 2.1: 2.3; metacoxa length: male: 0.7, female: 0.8; metatrochanter length: male: 0.6, female: 0.7; metafemur length: male: 3.9, female: 4.0; metatibia length: male: 4.2, female: 4.4; metatarsi length: 1.8; metatarsal segment ratio: male: 1.0: 2.6: 3.0, female: 1.0: 2.3: 2.3; abdomen length: male: 5.6, female: 6.2; abdomen (widest) width: male: 3.1, female: 3.8; pygophore length: 1.5; pygophore width (across widest point): 0.9.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB8452E5DCCF8E0FD67589F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: BELIZE: Toledo District, Midway Village, collected under bark, 16 ° 07.3 " N, 88 ° 57 ' 37.3 " W, 16 – 17 July 2005, P. W. Kovarik, det. D. R. Swanson 2017 [1 male, 1 female] (UMMZ).	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB8452E5DCCF8E0FD67589F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Belize, Panama, Guyana.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB8452E5DCCF8E0FD67589F.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The specimens on which this redescription is based were initially identified as Rasahus scutellaris, then placed in an undescribed genus owing to conspicuous differences in the length of the protibial fossula spongiosa, the length and segmental ratio of the protarsi, and the metapleural sulcus. These morphologies match those found in Pirates myrmecinus, as observed in images of the holotype (despite the missing abdomen, the sex of the holotype of Pirates myrmecinus appears to be male, based on the thickness of the protibia compared with the Belizean male and female) (Fig. 9). These discrepancies with the generic diagnosis or, in the very least the protibial fossula spongiosa, seem to have gone unnoticed by Coscarόn (1983 a), as she purportedly examined Erichson’s holotype. The length of the protibial fossula spongiosa is the most conspicuous morphological difference between Pirates myrmecinus and species of Rasahus. In both the male and the female from Belize, the fossula spongiosa covers at most half of the length of the protibia (Fig. 10 A). The protibial fossula spongiosa also appears to be a similar length in Erichson’s holotype (Fig. 8 D). This contrasts other species of Rasahus, which have the protibial fossula spongiosa occupying three-fourths of the tibial length (Fig. 10 B). The state of this character is heavily relied upon for segregating peiratine genera (e. g., Stål 1872, 1874; Villiers 1948; Gil-Santana & Costa 2003). However, some genera well-delimited by other morphologies (i. e., Sirthenea Spinola, 1837; Tydides Stål, 1866) are known to possess limited degrees of intrageneric variation in the length of the protibial fossula spongiosa (Willemse 1985, Lent 1955, Lent & Jurberg 1967). Among the known species of Rasahus, this is the only known case of such variation. The protarsi differ markedly as well. In the Belizean specimens, the protarsi are long, being 1.2 – 1.3 mm, with a relatively longer apical tarsomere (segmental ratio: 1.0: 1.8: 2.5) (Fig. 9 C, F); again, this is present in the Erichson’s holotype (Fig. 8 D). This contrasts the ratio in some similar-sized Rasahus, such as R. abolitus sp. nov. (Fig. 10 B) and R. nesiotes sp. nov., in which the penultimate and ultimate tarsomere are subequal (segmental ratio: 1.0: 1.6: 1.6) and the protarsi are shorter, being only 0.6 mm (other appendages remain similar in size). However, the segmentation ratio of the protarsi differs interspecifically in ways previously unappreciated; for example, R. deliquus sp. nov., despite being much larger, shares a similar ratio with the Belizean specimens. Additionaly, the metatarsal ratios also vary, with the second tarsomere being the longest in R. abolitus sp. nov. and R. nesiotes sp. nov., whereas the second and third tarsomere are subequal in R. deliquus sp. nov., and R. setosus, as well as the Belizean specimens. Tarsal differences have been used to delimit genera in Peiratinae (i. e., Fusius Stål, 1862: Villiers 1948); yet, further study is needed to assess the utility of this variation in Rasahus and related genera. Lastly, the form of the metapleural sulcus has been an important character for generic diagnoses, albeit exclusively for New World taxa. Most genera, including Rasahus, possess a curved marginally-positioned metapleural sulcus. However, in the Belizean specimens, the sulcus appears wider and the anterior end starts higher on the metapleuron (Fig. 11 A, B) than in examined species of Rasahus (Fig. 11 C – G) and other genera (Fig. 11 H, I). Despite being out of focus, this appears to be the form of the sulcus in Erichson’s holotype too (Fig. 8 E). However, this structure has largely been characterized bimodally (straight / medially-positioned vs. curved / laterallypositioned), and it remains questionable to what extent this character varies in other peiratine genera. The color pattern of the Belizean specimens strongly mirrors that of R. abolitus sp. nov. However, it is true that a similar color pattern, viz. postscutellar spot + median corial discal spot + apical corial marginal spot + apical membranal spot, is found in multiple species of Rasahus (e. g., R. brasiliensis, R. castaneus; R. sulcicollis), and small variations thereof are found in other genera of New World Peiratinae (e. g., Phorastes, Tydides). Vestiges of the postscutellar spot and spot of the hemelytral cubital cell are visible in Erichson’s damaged holotype (Fig. 8 B). Additionally, the metallic atrocyaneous tint of the head and pleura in the Belizean specimens is absent in the similarly-patterned R. abolitus sp. nov., although metallic tints are known in other species of Rasahus, i. e., R. maculipennis, as well as other New World genera (i. e., Phorastes Kirkaldy, 1900). In Erichson’s holotype, the metallic tint is not conspicuous, given the low level of lighting, but it is plausible that it is present. The Belizean male and female match in color pattern, although this leaves the level of intraspecific variation completely unknown. The generic placement of Pirates myrmecinus thus becomes clear. Rasahus is the only described genus to which P. myrmecinus might belong, based on keys in Gil-Santana & Costa (2003), Cai & Taylor (2006), and Gil- Santana et al. (2015). As the tarsal ratios vary intragenerically and the metapleural sulcus differs only in minor degree, only the length of the protibial fossula spongiosa is found to differ markedly from other species of Rasahus. As a few other genera in the New World show intrageneric variation in this character, I have refrained from erecting a monotypic genus for a species that shows such strong similarity to as speciose and potentially morphologically variable a genus as Rasahus. Regarding its specific identity, Pirates myrmecinus Erichson, 1848, remains distinct. It clearly differs from Rasahus scutellaris stat. rev. in size, length of the anteocular region, and hemelytral color pattern; therefore, it is resurrected from synonymy (stat. rev.) and transferred, becoming Rasahus myrmecinus (Erichson, 1848) comb. nov. Rasahus myrmecinus stat. rev. et comb. nov. is easily diagnosed among its congeners by the small size (10 – 13 mm), the color pattern (atrocyaneous tint of the head and pronotum and postscutellar spot + median cubital spot + apical corial marginal spot + apical membranal spot), and the protibial fossula spongiosa occupying only half of the length of the protibia in both sexes. The external genitalia of the male are distinctive in the strongly-bent, moderately-broad median process of the pygophore (Fig. 5 G – I); it is somewhat similar in the median process to R. setosus (but differs in many other characters) and very similar in both process and parameres to R. scutellaris auct. figured by Coscarόn (1983 a). Additionally, the generic diagnosis of Rasahus has been modified to include species with the protibial fossula spongiosa occupying half or more the length of the protibia. A final note: the erection of R. abolitus sp. nov. and the revised status of R. myrmecinus stat. rev. et comb. nov. almost completely confound records of Rasahus scutellaris auct. (nec Fabricius). Only those specimens collected and examined by Champion (1899) from Bugaba District, Panama seem to belong unambiguously to R. myrmecinus stat. rev. et comb. nov., as he mentioned the the aeneous coloration, short protibial fossula spongiosa, long apical metatarsomere, and small size. It seems likely that some records of other authors might apply to the former and some to the latter, given the strong similarity in habitus and the probable overlap in geographic distribution. Furthermore, it is unclear whether Coscarόn’s (1983 a) description of R. scutellaris corresponds to R. abolitus sp. nov. or R. myrmecinus stat. rev. et comb. nov., as both are small (10 – 13 mm), similarly-patterned species known from Central America and / or northern South America, although it seems more likely that the description corresponds to the latter, given the obsolete condition of the pronotal sulci and granules in R. abolitus sp. nov., as well as a few genitalic details. Regardless, a careful inventory and re-evaluation of previous records will be needed to disentangle the distributions of these species. Currently, R. abolitus sp. nov. is known only from the type locality in French Guiana and R. myrmecinus stat. rev. et comb. nov. is known from Guyana (type locality), Panama (Champion 1899), and Belize (present study).	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
03EC0758FFB8452E5DCCF8E0FD67589F.taxon	description	It should be noted that the coloration of the connexiva requires additional study regarding its diagnostic use. In some species, notably R. biguttatus and R. hamatus, this color pattern is sexually dimorphic, with males having predominantly yellow connexiva and females having distinctly bicolorous (yellow-black) connexiva (Swanson, pers. obs.). In cases where connexival color is used in the key, consulting other characters in the current and subsequent couplets should relieve difficulty in segregating pairs or clusters of species. The monotypic genus Froeschnerisca Coscarόn, 1996 strongly resembles species in Rasahus, with the single species being originally erected within that genus by Coscarόn (1983 a). Diagnostic characters of Froeschnerisca include a “ very accuminated ” scutellum (vs. not accuminated in Rasahus), a subrectangular pygophore (vs. quadrangular to rounded in Rasahus), a complex basal plate of the male genitalia (vs. simple in Rasahus), and female tenth tergites with a projection (vs. without a projection in Rasahus) (Coscarόn 1990, 1995). This generic diagnosis might easily be based on characters that are either autapomorphic (basal plate, tenth tergite) and / or variable (scutellum, shape of pygophore) within the context of Rasahus, and like the general case of R. myrmecinus stat. rev. et comb. nov., the taxon easily fits within the diagnosis of Rasahus, despite slight morphological variability. Thus, the genus should probably be subsumed into Rasahus. As I lack any examined material of this species or the means to test this in a phylogenetic context, I have refrained from doing so at this time. However, the single species is included in the key to Rasahus to facilitate identification of this clearly closely-related taxon.	en	Swanson, Daniel R. (2018): Three new species of Rasahus, with clarifications on the identities of three other Neotropical corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae). Zootaxa 4471 (3): 446-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.3.2
