taxonID	type	description	language	source
03ED87DADB0DFFE5FF3D6069FDFEF848.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: UC 685720, reef near Scripps Pier, La Jolla, San Diego County, California, epiphytic on Sargassum agardhianum Farlow, from pools in the lower littoral, 22. xi. 1943. This taxonomic treatment differs from that of previous workers who concluded based on morpho-anatomy that L. scrippsensis was conspecific with O. sinicola (Dawson 1963, Abbott & Hollenberg 1976, Norris 2014). These newly generated data show that O. sinicola does not occur in California, and confirms its distribution in Baja California Sur, Mexico and the Gulf of California. Reports of O. sinicola from Panama, the Galápagos Islands, and the Western Atlantic (Fernández-García et al. 2011, Ruiz & Ziemmeck 2011, Wynne 2011) are based on morpho-anatomy, and require molecular confirmation. Osmundea crispa has a much wider range than previously reported, from Monterey to La Jolla, California, including Santa Cruz, San Nicolas and San Clemente islands. A single specimen from Punta Abreojos, Baja California Sur, indicates that the range of O. crispa overlaps with that of O. sinicola.	en	Hughey, Jeffery R., Miller, Kathy Ann (2021): Genetic investigation of three type specimens of Osmundea (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Gulf of California, Mexico and California, USA. Phytotaxa 489 (1): 65-78, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.489.1.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.489.1.5
03ED87DADB0DFFE5FF3D6069FDFEF848.taxon	description	This study demonstrates that type specimens collected in 1917 (O. sinicola, as Laurencia), 1939 (O. crispa, as Laurencia), and 1943 (Laurencia scrippsensis) contain nucleic acids that are suitable for genomic and genetic marker analysis. Data from small amounts of type and historically significant specimens showed that specimens identified as O. sinicola in California are in fact O. crispa, and clarified the geographic ranges of these two species. The data also determined that L. scrippsensis is a heterotypic synonym of O. crispa rather than of O. sinicola. We again confirm that the genetic analysis of type specimens, if available and prudent, is the only current conclusive and objective way to determine the correct application of a name.	en	Hughey, Jeffery R., Miller, Kathy Ann (2021): Genetic investigation of three type specimens of Osmundea (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Gulf of California, Mexico and California, USA. Phytotaxa 489 (1): 65-78, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.489.1.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.489.1.5
