identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03EB87C527347A7B6EE93CA3FE7C71A0.text	03EB87C527347A7B6EE93CA3FE7C71A0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ilex antiquorum Doweld 2022	<div><p>Ilex antiquorum Doweld, nom. nov.</p><p>≡ Ilex antiqua Knobloch &amp; Mai (1986: 112) non Ilex antiqua Heer (1882: 97) .</p><p>Type:—[ fossil fruits (endocarps)] GERMANY. Saxony-Anhalt, Eisleben (holotype, #8494, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany) .</p><p>Eponymy:—From antiquorum, most ancient.</p><p>Occurrence:—Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian); Europe.</p><p>IFPNI: B33A6DAE-E2BA-E60B-8506-0ACF6D5814EA.</p><p>Notes:—The fossil-species Ilex antiqua Knobloch &amp; Mai (1986: 112) was based on the most anicent findings of Ilex -like fruits (endocarps) from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. However, it is a later homonym of the fossil-species Ilex antiqua Heer (1882: 97), based on the fossil leaves of the Upper Cretaceous of Atanikerdluk [= Atanekerdluk], Southern Nuussuaq peninsula of Greenland. Therefore, a new replacement name is needed for the fossilspecies based on fruits.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB87C527347A7B6EE93CA3FE7C71A0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Doweld, Alexander B.	Doweld, Alexander B. (2022): New names of Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil: Addendum Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae. Phytotaxa 531 (2): 143-146, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.2.7
03EB87C527347A7B6EE93A8FFB7973BD.text	03EB87C527347A7B6EE93A8FFB7973BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ilex breddinii (Weyland) Doweld 2022	<div><p>Ilex breddinii (Weyland) Doweld, comb. nov.</p><p>≡ Kadsura breddinii Weyland (1934: 68) ≡ Symplociphyllum breddinii (Weyland) Juchniewicz (1975: 89, 124), comb. inval. (no basionym cited).</p><p>Type:—[ fossil leaves] Kreuzau, district of Düren, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany (lectotype (designated by Palamarev &amp; Petkova 1987: 33), Weyland Collection: MB.Pb.1981/0075, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany) .</p><p>Occurrence:—Miocene; Europe.</p><p>IFPNI: 71995DC8-EBB9-F1EB-B03A-C5E70909FFE6.</p><p>Notes:—The fossil-species Kadsura breddinii Weyland was re-studied by Ferguson (1971) who found that there is no similarity with extant species of Kadsura . Juchniewicz (1975) suggested that fossil-species might be transferred to fossilgenus Symplociphyllum, showing some resemblance with the leaves of extant Symplocos brandii Elm. However, this suggestion was not based on the study of the original materials of Weyland (1934), but based on the fossil remains from the different locality near Turów (Bogatynia, Poland). Since the lectotype of Kadsura breddinii is coming from Kreuzau, and has a similarity with extant Ilex (vide Ferguson, 1971), the fossil-species is re-combined to Ilex .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB87C527347A7B6EE93A8FFB7973BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Doweld, Alexander B.	Doweld, Alexander B. (2022): New names of Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil: Addendum Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae. Phytotaxa 531 (2): 143-146, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.2.7
03EB87C527347A7A6EE938B3FD9B758C.text	03EB87C527347A7A6EE938B3FD9B758C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ilex guangxica Doweld 2022	<div><p>Ilex guangxica Doweld, nom. nov.</p><p>≡ Ilex oblonga Tseng (1981: 23) non Ilex oblonga Reid (1920: 130) .</p><p>Type:— CHINA. Guangxi Province, Jinxiu Yaozu Zizhixian, Yaoshan, C . Wang 4 0697 (holotype, HC) .</p><p>Eponymy:—From locus classicus, Guanxi Province of China.</p><p>Notes:—The extant species Ilex oblonga Tseng is accepted in the modern flora of China with no recognized synonyms (Chen &amp; Feng 1999; Chen et al. 2008). However, the extant species is a later illegitimate homonym of the fossil-species Ilex oblonga Reid, which was established on the seeds from the Pleistocene sediments of England. Hence, a new replacement name is validated here for the extant species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB87C527347A7A6EE938B3FD9B758C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Doweld, Alexander B.	Doweld, Alexander B. (2022): New names of Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil: Addendum Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae. Phytotaxa 531 (2): 143-146, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.2.7
03EB87C527357A7A6EE93EE2FDD27718.text	03EB87C527357A7A6EE93EE2FDD27718.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ilex myricina Doweld 2022	<div><p>Ilex myricina Doweld, nom. nov.</p><p>≡ Ilex myricoides Massalongo (1858: 110) non Ilex myricoides Kunth (1824: 71) .</p><p>Type:—[ fossil leaves] ITALY. Senigallia, Marche region, province of Ancona (holotype, not found [lost]) .</p><p>Eponymy:—From Myrica L.</p><p>Occurrence:—Upper Miocene (Messinian); Europe.</p><p>IFPNI: 11B0D654-7DF3-A192-32AD-54A92B72DBB5.</p><p>Notes:—The fossil-species Ilex myricoides Massalongo (1858) was based on the fossil leaves from the Upper Miocene (Messinian) of Italy. However, it is a later homonym of the extant Ilex myricoides Kunth (1824) . Therefore, a new replacement name is validated for the fossil-species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB87C527357A7A6EE93EE2FDD27718	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Doweld, Alexander B.	Doweld, Alexander B. (2022): New names of Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil: Addendum Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae. Phytotaxa 531 (2): 143-146, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.2.7
03EB87C527357A7A6EE93C1AFADD705C.text	03EB87C527357A7A6EE93C1AFADD705C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ilex subrotunda Doweld 2019	<div><p>Ilex subrotunda Doweld (2019: 183)</p><p>Notes:—The invalidly published fossil-species Ilex ohashii Huzioka (1963: 208), nom. inval. (Art. 40.1 of the ICN), was replaced by a new designation, Ilex subrotunda Doweld, sp. nov., reflecting the putative relationships of the fossils with the extant species I. rotunda Thunberg (in Murray 1784: 168). The same type of fossil Pleistocene foliage from Japan was previously published under the name Ilex heeri Nathorst (1883: 62), but this is a later homonym of the fossil-species Ilex heeri Sieber (1880: 87) from the European Bartonian sediments. Therefore, the later homonym Ilex heeri Nathorst (1883) non Sieber (1880) could not be used in place of I. ohashii, as was incorrectly synonymized by Tanai (1976: 332). The newly proposed name Ilex subrotunda Doweld (2019) should stand the only correct name for this type of leaf fossils.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB87C527357A7A6EE93C1AFADD705C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Doweld, Alexander B.	Doweld, Alexander B. (2022): New names of Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil: Addendum Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae. Phytotaxa 531 (2): 143-146, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.2.7
