identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E98795FF971175FF53F8CCFA71C7DF.text	03E98795FF971175FF53F8CCFA71C7DF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia Townsend 1919	<div><p>Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919</p><p>Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919: 164 . Type species: Ormiophasia busckii Townsend, 1919, by original designation.</p><p>Pseudoneoptera Séguy, 1926b: 19 . Type species: Pseudoneoptera morardi Séguy, 1926b, by monotypy; Séguy (1926b: 20, key to genera); Séguy (1927a: 423, key to genera; 424, catalog); Townsend (1931: 82, synonymy with Ormiophasia); Sabrosky (1953: 181, as Ormiophasia, catalog); Tavares (1964: 38, comments on synonymy).</p><p>Plagiatormia Séguy, 1926b: 19 (as Plagiotormia, incorrect original spelling). Type species: Plagiatormia obscura Séguy, 1926b, by monotypy; Séguy (1926b: 20, key to genera); Séguy (1927a: 423, as Plagiotormia, misspelling, key to genera; 424, catalog); Townsend (1931: 82, synonymy with Ormiophasia); Sabrosky (1953: 181, as Ormiophasia, catalog); Tavares (1964: 38, comments on synonymy).</p><p>Pseudormia Séguy, 1927b: 262 . Type species: Pseudormia inflata Séguy, 1927b, by monotypy; Séguy (1925: 375, nomen nudum, comparison to Ormia; 376, key to genera); Séguy (1926a: 5, nomen nudum, comparison to Ormia; 9, as Peudormia, misspelling, key to genera); Séguy (1926b: 20, nomen nudum, key to genera); Séguy (1927a: 424, nomen nudum, key to genera, catalog); Townsend (1931: 82, synonymy with Ormiophasia); Sabrosky (1953: 181, as Ormiophasia, catalog); Tavares (1964: 38, comments on synonymy).</p><p>Diversity and distribution. The ranges of the 16 species currently ascribed to Ormiophasia cover an area from Southeast Mexico to northern Argentina.</p><p>References. Townsend (1919: 164, description of Ormiophasia and of the type species O. busckii); Aldrich (1922: 5, comments on Ormia, treated O rmiophasia as synonym of Ormia); Townsend (1927: 223, key to genera of Neotropical Muscoidea [sensu Townsend]); Malloch (1929: 279, as Ormia, comments on validity of Ormiophasia); Townsend (1931: 82, synonymized Plagiatormia, Pseudormia and Pseudoneoptera with Ormiophasia); Townsend (1936: 100, comments on larval characters; 101, key to genera of Ormiini, comments on synonymies of Plagiatormia, Pseudormia and Pseudoneoptera); Townsend (1938: 236, redescription, description of larva); Townsend (1942: 325, illustration of larva); Sabrosky (1953: 171, key to genera of New World Ormiini; 172, key; 181, catalog, comments on synonymies of Plagiatormia, Pseudormia and Pseudoneoptera); Thompson (1963: 455, comments on larvae being related to Euphasiopteryx and Ormia); Tavares (1964: 37–52, taxonomic revision, comments on synonymies of Plagiatormia, Pseudormia and Pseudoneoptera); Tavares (1965a: 14, key to genera of Neotropical Ormiini); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog); Tschorsnig (1985: 55, illustration of male ejaculatory apodeme; 97, description of male terminalia of Ormiini); Gramajo (1997: 96, record of Ormiophasia, as Ormiaphasia, misspelling); Toma &amp; Nihei (2006: 243, catalog of type material); Wood &amp; Zumbado (2010: 1410, as Ormia Robineau-Desvoidy; treated Ormiophasia as synonym of Ormia); Evenhuis et al. (2015: 197, catalog of Townsend’s genera); Nihei (2016: 914, catalog of Colombiam Tachinidae); O’Hara (2018: 55, catalog).</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia resembles Ormia, sharing many characters with this genus, such as: occiput extremely concave, especially in females; presternum with a pair of pits on anterior surface (Fig. 1); anterior surface of distiphallus membranous (Figs 38–42); hypoproct with a lateral patch of very short, spiniform setae (Fig. 3B); and female tergite six with a row of strong, posteriorly curved setae. However, although many authors have considered Ormiophasia and Ormia as synonyms, Ormiophasia can be clearly distinguished by its darker body color, varying between brownish-yellow, brown and dark brown (Figs 9–14) ( Ormia species generally have a pale yellow body color); ocelli well developed (vestigial or missing in Ormia); one pair of presutural acrostichal setae (two to three pairs in Ormia); tegula of same color as body ( Ormia usually with tegula black, contrasting with body color); male wing without callosities on veins C and R 2+3 ( Ormia usually with callosities on C and R 2+3) (see Tavares 1962, 1965a, 1965b); male terminalia with apex of cerci broad, at least 1/3 of total width of cerci (Figs 38–42) (in Ormia the cerci are tapered apically, less than 1/3 of total width of cerci) (see Tavares 1962, 1965a, 1965b); and female terminalia with hypoproct bare, without setulae (Fig. 3B, setulose in Ormia). Additionally, Ormiophasia also differs from other Ormiini genera by having head hemispherical in profile, with genal length not exceeding 0.2 times length of head; face developed, at least 1.1 times width of facial ridge; facial ridge broad but not exceeding 2.9 times width of parafacial; and male terminalia with cerci completely fused.</p><p>Genus characterization. Both sexes. Head hemispherical in profile; oral axis shorter than antennal axis. Eye bare. Ocelli well developed. Antenna inserted in the middle of the eye, reaching halfway between lunule and lower facial margin; scape reduced, with row of marginal setulae; pedicel dorsally setulose, with one dorsal preapical seta; first flagellomere oblong; arista arising basally on dorsal surface, bare or weakly plumose, base pubescent and lightcolored, becoming tapered and darker distally. Fronto-orbital plate setulose to level of first anterior frontal seta. Parafacial bare. Facial ridge broad and subequal to facial length, setulose below vibrissa. Face slightly concave at vibrissal angle, with lower facial margin not visible in profile. Gena about 1/10 of head height, genal setae 4–5. Genal dilation setulose. Vibrissae strong and crossed, arising far above lower facial margin; supravibrissal setae 1–2, about 1/3 length of vibrissa; subvibrissal setae 3–4. Mouthparts well developed; clypeus globose; palpus developed, about 1.5 times length of prementum, clavate, covered with appressed setae from median area to apex; prementum setulose; labella padlike. Occiput covered with silver setulae, with row of short postocular setae; lower occipital area strongly concave.</p><p>Thorax densely covered with black setulae. Presternum bilobed (Fig. 1), each lobe with a pit on anterior surface. Basisternum bare, inflated; ventral surface grooved medially. Prosternal tympanal membrane corrugated, with corrugation equally distributed across entire membrane. Acrostichal setae 1+2–3; dorsocentral setae 2+3; intra-alar setae 1+2; supra-alar setae 1+2 (first postsutural seta weak, about 1/2 length of second postsutural seta). Postpronotal setae 3, with inner seta weaker. Notopleural setae 2, equal-sized. Postalar setae 2, equal-sized. Proepisternal setae 1, strong, upcurved, with 1–3 weaker setae near base. Katepisternal setae 2, divergent. Anepimeral seta 1. Katepimeron, katatergite, anatergite and postalar wall bare. Scutellar setae strong, convergent; basal pair subequal to subapical pair; lateral pair 2/3 length of subapical pair, closer to basal pair; apical pair absent; discal pair half length of subapical pair, more widely separated than subapical setae. Wing. Tegula setulose, with 1–2 inner marginal setae. Cells sc, c and r 1 with light yellow infuscation. Vein C ending just after vein M 1, at wing apex. Cell r 4+5 open; length of opening subequal to or shorter than crossvein r-m. Vein M 1 arched towards apex; bend of vein M angular or rounded, sometimes with a short stem. Legs. Fore coxa with an outer row of 3–4 anterior setae followed by 4–6 marginal setae. Fore tibia with 1 posterodorsal preapical seta, 2 posteroventral median setae, 1 preapical seta and 1 ventral preapical seta. Mid femur with 1 strong anteromedian seta and 2–3 strong posterodorsal preapical setae. Mid tibia with 1 strong anterodorsal postmedian seta, 1 apical seta, 1 posterodorsal apical seta, 2 posteromedian setae, 1 weak apical seta, 1 posteroventral apical seta, 1 weak ventral apical seta and 1 strong anteroventral apical seta. Hind femur with row of 3–4 posterodorsal basal setae and row of 11–12 weak posterodorsal setae from middle to apex. Hind tibia with 2 anterodorsal median setae, 1 preapical seta, 1 weak ventral apical seta, 2–3 weak anteroventral median setae and 1 weak apical seta. Pulvilli light yellow. Claws brown, with apex black.</p><p>Abdomen globose and widely connected with thorax, wider than long; densely covered with black setulae. Middorsal depression on syntergite 1+2 extending to hind margin of syntergite. Syntergite 1+2 and tergite 3 with one pair of marginal lateral setae. Tergite 4 with row of 8–10 marginal setae. Tergite 5 with row of 6–8 discal setae. Sternites visible, each with a weak row of marginal setae.</p><p>Male. Head holoptic (Figs 5–6). Ocellar triangle constricted, tubercle-shaped. Dorsal ommatidia larger than peripheral ones. Thorax. Lateral cervical sclerite with external lobe oblong (e.g., Fig. 15E). Basisternum less inflated than in female. Prosternal tympanal membrane reduced. Posterior spiracle with posterior lappet shaped as an operculum. Terminalia (Figs 3A, 38–42). Sternite 5 with posterior margin bilobed, setulose posteriorly. Epandrium with dorsal surface covered with strong, upcurved setae. Surstylus not fused with epandrium; strongly arcuate mediad; posterior surface with a slight distal, median ridge; articulation with bacilliform sclerite rounded; articulation with epandrium tapered and narrow; inner surface covered with microtrichia. Connection of bacilliform sclerite to hypandrium broad, becoming tapered towards surstylus. Anterior margin of hypandrium slightly longer than phallapodeme; concave; posterior area weakly sclerotized; hypandrial arms not fused with each other or with aedeagus. Basiphallus connected directly to distiphallus at a 90 o angle; distiphallus simple, smooth, with anterior surface grooved. Phallapodeme flat, slender. Ejaculatory apodeme narrow, with posterior apex slightly broader. Pregonites flat, bare, slightly concave, not fused with each other and not fused with hypandrium; anterior margin broad, reaching lower posterior margin of hypandrium. Postgonite long, bare, rod-like, with rounded apex, almost reaching connection between basiphallus and distiphallus. Cerci fused, with apex broad and at least 1/3 of total length of cerci; covered with setae.</p><p>Female. Head dichoptic (Figs 7–8). Ocellar triangle level with eyes, not protruding as a tubercle. Ommatidia all of the same size, not differentiated. One pair of inner vertical setae, strong and crossed, subequal to vibrissa. One pair of outer vertical setae, same size as inner vertical setae, divergent. One pair of upper orbital setae, divergent, half size of vertical setae. Two pairs of proclinate orbital setae. Thorax. Lateral cervical sclerite with external lobe extended and tapered at margin (e.g., Fig. 15F). Basisternum very inflated, much more than in male. Prosternal tympanal membrane broad. Posterior spiracle with posterior lappet stylus- or plume-shaped (except operculum-shaped in O. lanei). Terminalia (Fig. 3B). Tergite 6 broad, voluminous, setulose, separated into two equal-sized sclerites, bearing spiracles 6 and 7; inner margin with very strong, inward-curved setae. Tergite 7 absent. Tergite 8 developed, bare, separated into two equal-sized, concave sclerites. Epiproct (tergite 10), when present, represented by one pair of setae in membrane. Sternites 6, 7 and 8 each with a row of weak marginal setae. Hypoproct (sternite 10) bare; lateral surface with patch of very short, spiniform setae; ventral surface with longitudinal median row of short setae; posterior margin with row of slender, weak setae. Cerci free, not fused, with weak, slender marginal setae. Three equal-sized spermathechae, spherical, smooth.</p><p>Remarks. The first four species included in Ormiophasia were based mainly on female specimens, which probably caused most of the confusion about the validity of the genus. The male and female terminalia had not been studied and described at that time, but they include important diagnostic characters for the genus. Aldrich (1922) and Curran (1934) treated Ormiophasia as a junior synonym of Ormia, without justification. Only Malloch (1929) made some considerations based on characters such as the width of the female frontal vitta, which is narrow in Ormiophasia . Townsend (1919: 164) had already mentioned this character when describing Ormiophasia, and Sabrosky (1953: 172) also used it to differentiate Ormia and Ormiophasia in his key. Ormia punctata Robineau- Desvoidy, examined by Malloch, clearly has frontal vitta broader than in other Ormiophasia species, but there are also other species of Ormia with a narrower frontal vitta. Townsend did not know males of Ormiophasia for a long time after the original description (Townsend 1927: 223, “ ♂ desconhecido [unknown]”), until he included descrip- tions of male terminalia in his Manual of Myiology (Townsend 1936, 1938). These descriptions were superficial and incomplete, however, and relative to all Ormiini . In this context, the contributions and impact of the publications of Tavares (1962, 1964, 1965a, 1965b) on the taxonomy of New World Ormiini should be highlighted, since the male terminalia of a comprehensive number of species were described in detail for the first time. Furthermore, Tavares was the first to diagnose these genera based on male terminalia (Tavares 1965a: 14). However, he described his species based only on males, without associating them with their respective females. The association of females with males and the dissections of female terminalia made in the present study have provided additional and valuable characters to differentiate Ormiophasia and Ormia .</p><p>Some comments about Tavares’s holotypes are also warranted. The right wing, antenna and male terminalia of his type material were mounted on slides and linked with their respective specimens by a code (see Fig. 19E). However, during the Brazilian military government (1964–1985), an event known as the “Massacre de Manguinhos” took place (Jurberg 1993; Costa et al. 2008). This episode, which occurred on April 1st, 1970, greatly impacted the history of science in Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Unidade Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, where Omar Tavares had worked and where his holotypes are deposited. The term “Massacre de Manguinhos” was coined by helmintologist Herman Lent (Jurberg 1993), who worked for the same institute. The “Manguinhos” entomological collection is one of the most important historic scientific collections in Brazil. During the “Massacre de Manguinhos”, scientists were politically persecuted and the scientific collection was dismantled and transferred to another building inside the institute. The relocation of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz collection resulted in the loss of much of the material.Although Tavares’s holotypes are still in good condition, their respective slides were lost, probably during this episode. Only the slides of the male terminalia of the paratypes, housed in MZSP and USNM, are available for study.</p><p>The type material of all nominal species of Ormiophasia was examined during this study. All of Séguy’s and Townsend’s holotypes are in good conditions of preservation (Figs 16, 24, 29, 30). The type specimens of Tavares (Figs 18, 20, 22, 25, 27) have damaged abdomens due to their dissection. The examination of type material allowed for a reliable identification of the material included in this study. Furthermore, as Sabrosky (1953: 173) remarked, Ormiophasia specimens exhibit a significant variation in body coloration, which ranges from brownish-yellow to almost black. The color and pruinosity of the head and thorax, and the male cerci and surstylus, were the most important characters supporting the description of the eight new species.</p><p>So far, there are no known host records for any Ormiophasia species.</p><p>Key to species of Ormiophasia</p><p>Although Ormiophasia (and Ormiini) species are sexually dimorphic, the key provided below aims to identify both male and female specimens (except for O. obscura, O. buoculus sp. nov. and O. townsendi sp. nov., of which only males are known); when necessary, characters exclusive to one sex are included in couplets. The identification of female specimens, however, has to be done carefully, since the females of several species are very similar (e.g., O. costalimai and O. inflata or O. causeyi and O. chapulini sp. nov.). The male terminalia are the most reliable source of information allowing to confirm species’ identity.</p><p>Tavares (1964) provided the first key to Ormiophasia species, but some characters used in his key fail when large series are examined, due to variation (e.g., of body color or of number of setae). Furthermore, there are some errors in the key, which are commented on in the Remarks under the respective species in the present paper. Some important characters used by Tavares are maintained here for some species (e.g., those of the male terminalia of O. lanei). Séguy (1926b) also provided a key to his monotypic genera Plagiatormia, Pseudoneoptera and Pseudormia, based on the length of the opening of cell r 4+5, the shape of the bend of vein M, the length of the antenna and the shape of the face. Although these characters can be seen in Séguy’s holotypes, they are variable in the additional material examined (except in O. obscura, so far known only from the holotype).</p><p>1 Basicosta broad, twice width of tegula (Fig. 4B); female wing with strong brown infuscation around all veins except A 1 +CuA 2 (male wing with weak infuscation at the tip of vein R 2+3 and around veins M 1 and dm-cu, see Figs 33G, 34F), and with veins R 2+3, R 4+5, M 1 and CuA 1 thickened (Figs 33H, 34G); thorax dark brown or brownish-yellow.......................... 2</p><p>- Basicosta subequal in width to tegula (Fig. 4A); female and male wings hyaline (Fig. 15G) or infuscated only around veins R 1, R 2+3, M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 28G), but without thickened veins; thorax brownish-yellow, brown or dark brown.............. 3</p><p>2 Thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10C, 14B); male wing with section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 slightly curved (Fig. 33G); apex of male cerci long and about 2/5 length of cerci in posterior view (Fig. 41A) (North Brazil, Costa Rica, French Guiana and Venezuela).......................................................... O. crassivena sp. nov.</p><p>- Thorax brownish-yellow, contrasting with dark brown abdomen (Figs 10D, 14C); male wing with section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight (Fig. 34G); apex of male cerci short and about 1/3 length of cerci in posterior view (Fig. 41B) (South and Southeast Brazil)......................................................... O. manguinhos sp. nov.</p><p>3 Wing with strong brown infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 (Fig. 28G) and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu; thorax and abdomen dark brown or brownish-yellow................................................... 4</p><p>- Wing hyaline ( O. cruzi may have a very weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu, see Fig. 21G); thorax and abdomen dark brown, brown or brownish-yellow................................................................ 7</p><p>4 Thorax and abdomen dark brown; fronto-orbital plate and parafacial gray with silver pruinosity....................... 5</p><p>- Thorax and abdomen brown or brownish-yellow; fronto-orbital plate and parafacial brownish-yellow with yellow pruinosity 6</p><p>5 Male head with dorsal ommatidia larger than ocelli (Fig. 6G); ocellar triangle very constricted, not visible in profile (Venezuela)................................................................................ O. buoculus sp. nov .</p><p>- Male head with dorsal ommatidia not as large as above, about 0.6 times smaller than ocelli (Fig. 5G); ocellar triangle constricted, visible as a tubercle in profile (North Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama and Peru)................................................................................................... O. morardi (Séguy)</p><p>6 Male head with dorsal ommatidia larger than ocelli (Fig. 6H); ocellar triangle very constricted, not visible in profile; thorax and abdomen brownish-yellow; surstylus slender, with outer posterior surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds (Fig. 42C); apex of male cerci about 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view ( North Brazil)................. O. townsendi sp. nov .</p><p>- Male head with dorsal ommatidia not as large as above, subequal to ocelli size (Fig. 6B); ocellar triangle constricted, but visible as a tubercle in profile; thorax brown, abdomen brownish-yellow; surstylus stout, with outer posterior surface entirely covered with strong setae (Fig. 40C); apex of male cerci about 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view (Bolivia and Peru)................................................................................................... O. seguyi sp. nov.</p><p>7 Fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity of lower parts of head (both sexes, but more obvious in females, see Fig. 7F); thorax and abdomen brown; surstylus slender in posterior view.................. 8</p><p>- Head pruinosity entirely silver or yellow, without contrast between fronto-orbital plate and rest of head; thorax and abdomen brown, dark brown or brownish-yellow; surstylus stout in posterior view......................................... 9</p><p>8 Clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane (Figs 5F, 7F); female posterior spiracle with posterior lappet shaped as an operculum; surstylus strongly inflected inward in posterior view, outer posterior surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds (Fig. 39C); apex of male cerci subquadrate and abruptly constricted in posterior view (Southeast Brazil)... O. lanei Tavares</p><p>- Clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane (Fig. 5D); female posterior spiracle with posterior lappet plume-shaped; surstylus not inflected inward as above, covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds (Fig. 39A); apex of male cerci subquadrate and gradually constricted in posterior view (South and Southeast Brazil, Panama and Paraguay).......... O. cruzi Tavares</p><p>9 Clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane (Fig. 6E); thorax and abdomen dark brown........................... 10</p><p>- Clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane (Fig. 5A); thorax and abdomen brown or brownish-yellow ( O. guimaraesi sp. nov. has a dark brown scutum, but the rest of the thorax is brown, see Figs 10A, 12A)........................... 12</p><p>10 Thorax and abdomen entirely dark brown (Figs 10E, 14D); anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin (Fig. 41C); dorsal surface of epandrium with posterior margin at same level as anterior margin (Fig. 41C, lateral view); apex of male cerci about 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted (Fig. 41C) (Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama and Venezuela)................................................................. O. tavaresi sp. nov.</p><p>- Thorax and abdomen dark brown, with postpronotal lobe brown (Figs 9B, 13B); anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin (Fig. 42A); dorsal surface of epandrium with posterior margin higher than anterior margin (Fig. 42A, lateral view); apex of male cerci 1/3 (Fig. 38B) or more than 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view (Fig. 42A), gradually constricted.......................................................................................... 11</p><p>11 Arista weakly plumose (Fig. 17 A–B); apex of male cerci narrow, 1/3 width of cerci and rounded in posterior view (Fig. 38B) (North Brazil, Guyana, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela)............................... O. causeyi Tavares</p><p>- Arista bare (Fig. 36 A–B); apex of male cerci broad, more than 1/2 width of cerci and subquadrate in posterior view (Fig. 42A) (Costa Rica and Mexico)............................................................... O. chapulini sp. nov.</p><p>12 Thorax with scutum dark brown and lateral surface brown (Figs 10A, 12A); apex of male cerci broad, subrectangular in posterior view (Fig. 40B); surstylus stout in posterior view, with outer posterior surface densely covered with strong setae and inner posterior surface covered with short setae medially (Colombia and Costa Rica)................... O. guimaraesi sp. nov.</p><p>- Thorax entirely brown or brownish-yellow; apex of male cerci broad or narrow, rounded in posterior view; surstylus not as stout as above (Figs 38A, 38C, 39B), with inner posterior surface bare.............................................. 13</p><p>13 Thorax and abdomen entirely brown..................................................................... 14</p><p>- Thorax and abdomen entirely brownish-yellow............................................................. 15</p><p>14 Ocellar triangle bare, without setulae (Fig. 15 C–D); head yellow-pruinose (Figs 5A, 7A) (Panama).... O. busckii Townsend</p><p>- Ocellar triangle setulose (Fig. 30A); head silver-pruinose (Fig. 5H) (Argentina)..................... O. obscura (Séguy)</p><p>15 Female head subtrapezoidal in frontal view, with gena about 0.15 times length of head (Figs 7E, 23B); apex of male cerci broad (Fig. 39B), 3/5 width of cerci and rounded in posterior view, and gradually constricted ( North Brazil, French Guiana, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela)............................................................... O. inflata (Séguy)</p><p>- Female head elliptic in frontal view, with gena about 0.12 times length of head (Figs 7C, 19B); apex of male cerci narrow (Fig. 38C), 1/3 width of cerci and rounded in posterior view, and abruptly constricted (North Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela)......................................................... O. costalimai Tavares</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FF971175FF53F8CCFA71C7DF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF981166FF53FDFDFBBEC370.text	03E98795FF981166FF53FDFDFBBEC370.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia busckii Townsend 1919	<div><p>Ormiophasia busckii Townsend, 1919</p><p>(Figs 3A, 4A, 5A, 7A, 9A, 11A, 13A, 15–16, 38A)</p><p>Ormiophasia busckii Townsend, 1919: 165 (description of female). Holotype female (USNM), examined. Type locality: Panama, Cabima.</p><p>Ormia busckii: Malloch (1929: 279; as Ormia, comments about validity of Ormiophasia, record from San José, Costa Rica); Curran (1934: 495; key to species of Ormia, record from Kartabo [Guyana]).</p><p>Ormiophasia busckii: Townsend (1931: 82; synonymy of inflata and obscura with busckii); Townsend (1938: 236; catalog, description); Sabrosky (1953: 182; catalog, record from Venezuela); Grégoire (1959: 13, 15, 18; as bushkii, misspelling, pattern of hemolymph coagulation in insects); Tavares (1964: 38, catalog; 39, key to species of Ormiophasia; 41, comparison to O. lanei; 44, comparison to O. causeyi; 47, comparison to O. costalimai; 49, comparison to O. cruzi); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog); Evenhuis et al. (2015: 197; catalog of Townsend’s genera); Nihei (2016: 914; catalog of Diptera of Colombia, discussion of record in Colombia).</p><p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ (Fig. 16): “ Cabima, Pan [Panama]/ May 24.11 [1911]/ August Busck [leg.]”/ “TD 4418 [handwriting]”/ “ Type / No. [blank]/ U.S.N.M.” [red label]/ “ Ormiophasia busckii T./ ♀ / Det CHTT” (USNM).</p><p>Additional material examined. Panama: 1 ♀, Arraijan, 24.vi.1952, F.S. Blanton leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 10.v.1926, C.T. Greene leg. (NHMUK) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 31.vii.1940 [no collector] (CEIOC) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 1.i.1941, Cooper leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 2.v.1941, Jas Zetek leg., No. 4784 (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 2.v.1941, Jas Zetek leg., No. 4784 (CEIOC) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, x.1942, Jas Zetek leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 16.vi.1956, Carl W. &amp; Marian E. Rettenmeyer leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 30.vi.1956, Carl W. &amp; Marian E. Rettenmeyer leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♂, 9 ♀♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 1–9.v.1964, W.D. &amp; S.S. Duckworth leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 10–17.v.1964, W.D. &amp; S.S. Duckworth leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], 4 ♀♀ [one dissected], Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 5–10.iv.1965, S.S. &amp; W.D. Duckworth leg. (USNM) ; 18 ♀♀ [one dissected], Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 10–20.iv.1965, S.S. &amp; W.D. Duckworth leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5A, 9A, 11A, 15A, C, E, G), Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 12–14.iii.1975, R. Silberglied leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Ca- nal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 17.iii.1976, Silberglied &amp; Aiello leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7A, 13A, 15B, D, F), Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 31.iii.1978, Silberglied &amp; Aiello leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 17.iii.1978, Silberglied &amp; Aiello leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colo- rado Island, 22.iv.1978, Silberglied &amp; Aiello leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 21.vi.1978, N.E. Woodley leg. (USNM) ; 2 ♀♀, Canal Zone, Navy Res., Nr. Gamboa, 29.iii.1965, S.S. &amp; W.D. Duckworth leg. (USNM) ; 2 ♀♀, Cerro Campana, Nr. chica, 2–5.iv.1965, S.S. &amp; W.D. Duckworth leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Potrerillos, 27.i.1934, D.V. Brown leg. (USNM) .</p><p>Distribution. Panama (provinces of Chiriqui, Panama and Panama Oeste).</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia busckii can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by ocellar triangle bare, without setulae (Fig. 15 C–D); head with yellow pruinosity (Figs 5A, 7A); body entirely brown with base of abdomen brownish-yellow (Figs 9A, 11A, 13A); wing hyaline (Fig. 15G); dorsal surface of epandrium broad with posterior margin inclined posteriorly, higher than anterior margin (Fig. 38A); and apex of male cerci about 1/2 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, and little more than 1/3 of cerci width, abruptly constricted. The shape of the male cerci of O. busckii is similar to that in O. tavaresi sp. nov. (Fig. 41C), but this last species can be easily distinguished by the darker body color (Figs 6E, 8D, 10E, 14D), silver pruinosity on the head, clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane, and anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin. The body color of O. obscura (Figs 9H, 11H) is similar to that of O. busckii, but O. obscura has a setulose ocellar triangle and head with silver pruinosity (Fig. 5H).</p><p>Description of male. Body length 7.68–8.41 mm (mean = 7.94 mm); wing length 7.63–8.49 mm (mean = 8 mm) (n = 6).</p><p>Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 5A). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9A, 11A). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe brownish-yellow. Lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum brown. Subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing hyaline (Fig. 15G). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity. Sternites brownish-yellow.</p><p>Head (Figs 5A, 15A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 3. Frontal vitta obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere twice length of pedicel. Face 1.5 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.62 times as high as wide (Fig. 15E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.79 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 6–9 setae. Meral setae 6–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2 dorsal and 2–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae and row of 12–15 posteroventral setae, distributed from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 basal posteroventral setae. Hind femur with row of 11–12 anterodorsal setae distributed from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 median posterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 38A). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium broad, posterior margin inclined posteriorly, higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved, without a distinct median projection; apex about 1/2 total length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, thick and rounded in lateral view; apex a little more than 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, of same thickness over its entire length; apex rounded in lateral view.</p><p>Redescription of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 7.54–8.43 mm (mean = 8.07 mm); wing length 8.16–9.21 mm (mean = 8.82 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7A, 15B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to frontoorbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. Thorax. Basisternum 0.60 times as high as wide (Fig. 15F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.84 times as high as wide.</p><p>Remarks. The males were associated with the females both by being from the same locality and through body color and ocellar triangle bare. The male of O. busckii is described for the first time in the present study. In the original description, Townsend referred to O. busckii with “ocellar bristles absent” (Townsend 1919: 165). The term bristle, however, is dubious and can be associated both with setae or setulae. This confusion probably led Tavares to consider O. busckii as lacking ocellar setae in his key (Tavares 1964: 39). All Ormiophasia species have ocellar setae, but O. busckii is clearly distinguished by its bare ocellar triangle, i.e., without setulae, which can also be verified in the holotype (Fig. 16A). Regarding its distribution, Malloch (1929) recorded O. busckii in Costa Rica (San José), Curran (1934) in Guyana (Kartabo) and Sabrosky (1953) in Panama, Costa Rica and Venezuela. This information led Nihei (2016) to infer the presence of O. busckii also in Colombia. However, Ormiophasia specimens from all these localities were examined and O. busckii seems to be restricted only to Panama. About Townsend’s synonymies (Townsend 1931), O. obscura is distinct from O. busckii, as already mentioned above, and the male terminalia of O. inflata are strikingly different (Fig. 39B), which invalidates these nomenclatural acts.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FF981166FF53FDFDFBBEC370	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8B1162FF53FA17FE58C4A0.text	03E98795FF8B1162FF53FA17FE58C4A0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia causeyi : Tavares 1964	<div><p>Ormiophasia causeyi Tavares, 1964</p><p>(Figs 5B, 7B, 9B, 11B, 13B, 17–18, 38B)</p><p>Ormiophasia causeyi Tavares, 1964: 42 (description of male, illustrations of head, abdomen, wing and terminalia). Holotype male (CEIOC), examined. Type locality: Brazil, Pará, Serra do Cachimbo.</p><p>Ormiophasia causeyi: Tavares (1964: 39; key to species); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).</p><p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 18): “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, compris- ing some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 12/18–I–956 [1956.01.12 –18]/ L. Travassos &amp; S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Ormiophasia causeyi / O. Tavares det.”/ “Holotipo” [red label]/ “N. 13.189/ DIP- TERA/ Inst. Oswaldo Cruz” (CEIOC).</p><p>Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Amazon River, [no date], H.W. Bates leg. (NHMUK) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Castanho-Careiro, AM 359 [highway] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.33583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.7330556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.33583/lat -3.7330556)">Km</a> 39, 3º43’59”S 60º20’09”W, 6–7.xi.2010, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Ipixuna, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.81953&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.1699166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.81953/lat -7.1699166)">Gregório River</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.81953&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.1699166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.81953/lat -7.1699166)">Com. Lago Grande</a>, 7º10’11.7”S 70º49’10.3”W, 20.v.2011, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂, Amazonas, Ipixuna, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.81953&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.1699166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.81953/lat -7.1699166)">Gregório River</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.81953&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.1699166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.81953/lat -7.1699166)">Com. Lago Grande</a>, 7º10’11.7”S 70º49’10.3”W, 22.v.2011, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, AM 10 [high- way] Km 26, 20.ix.1978, Arias leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ [dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 21–24.i.2004, C.S. Mota et al. leg. (INPA) ; 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], 2 ♀♀ [one photographed] (Figs 7B, 13B, 17B, D, F), Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 18–21.ii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 19–22.iii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 18–21.v.2004, A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5B, 9B, 11B, 17A, C, E, G), Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 16–19.vii.2004, A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, 1.x.2005, Rafael et al. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, AM 10 [highway] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 50, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 4.iii.2011, J.A. Rafael &amp; R.F. Silva leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Novo Airão, Jaú River, Meriti, 4–10.vi.1994, J.A. Rafael leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂, Amazonas, Novo Airão, AM 352 [highway] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.94075&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.7156944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.94075/lat -2.7156944)">Km</a> 10, 2º42’56.5”S 60º56’26.7”W, 29.viii.2011, J.A. Rafael leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂, Amazonas, Novo Airão, AM 352 [highway] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.94075&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.7156944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.94075/lat -2.7156944)">Km</a> 10, 2º42’56.5”S 60º56’26.7”W, 30.viii.2011, J.A. Rafael leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-61.58611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.9075" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -61.58611/lat -1.9075)">National Park of Jaú</a>, 1º54’27”S 61º35’10”W, 29.vii–8.viii.2001, Henriques &amp; Vidal leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo, BR 174 [highway] Km 200, 27.i.2006, J.A. Rafael et al. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Pará, Altamira, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.366665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.366665/lat -3.65)">Xingu River</a>, 3º39’S 52º22’W, 2–8.x.1986, P. Spangler &amp; O. Flint leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Pará, Bragança, 06.ix.1978 [no collector] (MPEG) ; 4 ♀♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 400 m, 12–18.i.1956, L. Travas- sos &amp; S. Oliveira leg. (CEIOC) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], Pará, São Miguel do Guamá, 26.ii.1987, P. Tadeu leg. (MPEG) ; 1 ♂, Pará, Santarém, 15.x–15.xi.1966, O.H. Knowles leg. (NHMUK) ; 2 ♀♀, Rondônia, Monte Negro, SISBIOTA CNPq/FAPESP, 187 m, 10º16’35”S 63º20’40”, 3–15.xii.2011, Amorim et al. (MZSP) . Colombia: 1 ♀, Antioquia, Providencia, Aljibe, Providencia, 1.xii.1970, Richar W. Pinger leg. (USNM) . Ecuador: 1 ♀, Napo, Limoncocha, 8.vi.1977, P.J. Spangler &amp; D.R. Givens leg. (USNM) . Guyana: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Kutari Sources, i–ii.1936, G.A. Hudson leg. (NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, Upper Courantyne River, ix.1935, G.A. Hudson leg. (NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo, Kanuku Mountains, Kumu River &amp; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-59.725&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.2649999" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -59.725/lat 3.2649999)">Falls</a>, 3 o 15.9’N 59 o 43.5’W, 28–30.iv.1995, Wayne N. Mathis leg. (USNM) . Peru: 2 ♀♀, Madre de Dios, Tambopata River, 290 m, 16–20.xi.1979, J.B. Heppner leg. (USNM) . Trinidad and Tobago: 1 ♂, Diego Martin, Saint George, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-61.533333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.733334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -61.533333/lat 10.733334)">Blue Basin Falls</a>, 10 o 44’N 61 o 32’W, 21.vi.1993, W.N. Mathis leg. (USNM) . Venezuela: 1 ♀, Amazonas, Rio Negro, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.9166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.166664/lat 0.9166667)">Baria River</a>, 140 m, 0 o 55’N 66º10’W, 26.ii.1984, C. Padilla leg. (MIZA) ; 1 ♀, Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100m, 25–26.i.1978, J.B. Heppner leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Bolivar, Santa Elena, El Dorado, Km 38, 160 m, 29.viii.1957, F. Fernandez Y. &amp; C.J. Rosales leg. (MIZA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina [near to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-65.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.96666664" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -65.95/lat 0.96666664)">Neblina</a>], 760 m, 0 o 58’N 65º57’W, 15–18.iii.1984, O.S. Flint Jr. leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Merida, Merida, 1.vi.1976, A.S. Manke &amp; D. Vincent (USNM); 1 ♀, Monagas, Caripitos, [no date], P. Anduze (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Monagas, Jusepin, 20.x.1965, F. Fernandez Y. &amp; C.J. Rosales leg. (MIZA) .</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia), Colombia (department of Antioquia), Ecuador (region of Napo), Guyana (region of Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo), Peru (department of Madre de Dios), Trinidad and Tobago (region of Diego Martin) and Venezuela (states of Amazonas, Aragua, Bolivar, Merida and Monagas).</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia causeyi can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane (Fig. 5B, 7B); head with silver pruinosity; scutum dark brown, contrasting with brown postpronotal lobe (9B, 11B and 13B); wing hyaline (Fig. 17G); and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci (Fig. 38B), rounded in posterior view and 1/3 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia causeyi, O. tavaresi sp. nov. and O. chapulini sp. nov. share a hyaline wing and darker body color, but can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters. Of these three species, O. causeyi is the one with the narrowest apex of cerci (see Figs 38B, 41C, 42A). Female specimens of O. causeyi and O. chapulini sp. nov. are difficult to discriminate, but O. causeyi usually has arista weakly plumose (Fig. 17B) rather than bare (Fig. 36B).</p><p>Redescription of male. Body length 6.50–8.08 mm (mean = 7.25 mm); wing length 6.55–8.60 mm (7.37 mm) (n = 10).</p><p>Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 5B). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brown. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown) and palpus (light brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9B, 11B). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brown. Scutellum brown. Subscutellum dark brown. Wing hyaline. Tegula dark brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins dark brown. Halter and calypteres light brown. Legs brown. Abdomen entirely brown with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 5B, 17A, C). Circular in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 1.00. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely or partially obliterated, subequal in width to ocellar triangle. Frontal setae 7–10, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 1.5 times longer than pedicel. Face subequal in width to facial ridge. Facial ridge 1.5 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.76 times as high as wide (Fig. 17E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.75 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1–2 weak setae, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 6–8 setae. Meral setae 6–9. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2 dorsal and 2–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 11–13 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 12–16 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of four equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13–15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 38B). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface slightly U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered and rounded in lateral view.</p><p>Description of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.25–8.83 mm (mean = 7.29 mm); wing length 6.91–9.23 mm (mean = 7.75 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7B, 17B, D). Subtrapezoidal in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.75. Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 7–10, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.7 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.4 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 1.8 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.63 times as high as wide (Fig. 17F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.70 times as high as wide. Wing 2.8 times longer than wide.</p><p>Remarks. The females were associated with the males by being from the same locality. The female of O. causeyi is described for the first time in the present study. In his key, Tavares (1964: 39) assigned to O. causeyi a dark scutum (“mesonoto enegrecido”). This was a valid diagnostic character when compared to the species available at the time. Ormiophasia morardi also has a dark scutum, but the holotype was not examined by Tavares. Along with these species there are also five new species with a dark scutum ( O. crassivena sp. nov., O. manguinhos sp. nov., O. tavaresi sp. nov., O. chapulini sp. nov. and O. buoculus sp. nov.). Therefore, the main diagnostic character of O. causeyi is not the color of the scutum but the shape of the male cerci. Ormiophasia causeyi seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FF8B1162FF53FA17FE58C4A0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8F1161FF53FD27FBB6C058.text	03E98795FF8F1161FF53FD27FBB6C058.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia costalimai : Tavares 1964	<div><p>Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares, 1964</p><p>(Figs 5C, 7C, 9C, 11C, 13C, 19–20, 38C)</p><p>Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares, 1964: 44 (description of male). Holotype male (CEIOC), examined. Type locality: Brazil, Pará, Serra do Cachimbo.</p><p>Ormiophasia costalimai: Tavares (1964: 39, key to species; 45, illustrations of head, abdomen, wing and terminalia; 47, comparison to O. busckii; 52, comparison to O. travassosi); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).</p><p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 20): “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, compris- ing some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 12/18–I–956 [1956.01.12 –18]/ L. Travassos &amp; S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det.”/ “Holotipo” [red label]/ “N. 13.190/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz” (CEIOC).</p><p>PARATYPES: Brazil: 1 ♂: “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det.”/ “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 12/18–I–956 [1956.01.12 –18]/ L. Travassos &amp; S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Paratypus [pink label]”/ “N. 13.194/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz” (MZSP) ; 1 ♂: “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 12/18–I–956 [1956.01.12 –18]/ L. Travassos &amp; S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Paratypus [pink label]”/ “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det.” (MZSP) ; 1 ♂: “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det.”/ “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 14/21–IX–956 [1956.10.14 –21]/ L. Travassos &amp; S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Paratypus [pink label]”/ “N. 13.196/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz”/ “ Ormia costalimai (Tavares) / det Sabrosky” (MZSP) .</p><p>Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♀, Amazonas, Carauari, 5º05’31”S 67º1-‘03”W, vii.2005, A. Hen- riques &amp; Xavier-Filho leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Cuipiranga, Nhamundá River, 22 m, 1º53’58”S 57º02’59”W, 20–23.v.2008, J.A. Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Liberdade River, Estirão da Preta, 7º21’46.7”S 71º52’07.1”W, 13.v.2011, J.A. Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Liberdade River, Estirão da Preta, 7º10’11.7”S 71º49’10.3”W, 23.v.2011, J.A. Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Gregório River, Com. Lago Grande, 7º10’11.7”S 70º49’10.3”W, 23.v.2011, J.A. Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Itapiranga, AM363 [highway] Km 111, 02º42’57”S 58º00’46”W, 8–9.x.2010, R. Machado et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], Ama- zonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 26.x.2003, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 18–21.ii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 19–22.iii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected, one photographed] (Figs 5C, 9C, 11C, 19A, C, E, G), Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 16–19.iv.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7C, 13C, 19B, D, F), Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 18–21.v.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 16–19.vii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 13–16.viii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♀♀ [one dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 12–15.x.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, 1.xi.2005, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 34, 40 m, 2º35’37”S 60º12’39”W, 9–10.vii.2008, J.A. Rafael &amp; F.F. Xavier leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Maturacá, Negro River, 17.xii.1962, J. &amp; B. Bechyné leg. (MPEG); 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo, Com. São Francisco, AM240 [highway] Km 24, 2º01’05”S 59º49’59”W, 26.vii–3.viii.2005, F.F. Xavier et al. (INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], 1 ♀, Mato Grosso, Jacaré, National Park of Xingu, xi.1961, Alvarenga &amp; Werner leg. (MZSP); 1 ♂ [dissected], Pará, Altamira, Xingu River, 3º39’S 52º22’W, 2–8.x.1986, P. Spangler &amp; O. Flint leg. (USNM); 3 ♀♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 400 m, 14–21.ix.1955, L. Travassos &amp; S. Oliveira leg. (CEIOC); 4 ♀♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 400 m, 12–18.i.1956, L. Travassos &amp; S. Oliveira leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Pará, São Geraldo do Araguaia, Serra das Andorinhas, 6º12’58.8”S 48º26.1’01.6”W, 1–10.xii.2001, L.S. Gorayeb et al. leg. (MPEG). Colombia: 1 ♀, [as Columbien], 1931, E. Pehltke S. leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Valle del Cauca, E. of Buenaventura, Dagua River, 17.ix.1970, R. Dietz &amp; H. Moore leg. (USNM). Ecuador: 1 ♀, Napo, Lago Agrio, 19.ix.1975, Andrea Langley leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Pichincha, Santo Domingo, 22–28.vii.1976, Jeffrey Cohen leg. (USNM). Guyana: 1 ♀, Mazaruni River, 20.viii.1937, Richard &amp; Smart leg. (NHMUK); 1 ♀, 1953, A.H. Bastley leg. (NHMUK). Peru: 1 ♀, Junín, Satipo, xii.1948, P. Paprzycki leg. (USNM). Suriname: 1 ♀, Marowijne, Anapaike, Lawa River, xi.1963, B. Malkin leg. (CEIOC). Venezuela: 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina [near to Neblina], 140 m, 0 o 50’N 66º10’W, 21–28.ii.1985, P.J. &amp; P.M. Spangler et al.. leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100m, 19.xi.1952, F. Fernandez Yepez leg. (MIZA); 1 ♀, Barinas, 15 Km SW. of Barinitas, 25.ii.1969, Duckworth &amp; Dietz leg. (USNM).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso and Pará), Colombia (department of Valle del Cauca), Ecuador (regions of Napo and Pichincha), Guyana, Peru (department of Junín), Suriname (district of Marowijne) and Venezuela (states of Amazonas, Aragua and Barinas).</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia costalimai can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with yellow pruinosity (Figs 5C, 7C); body brownish-yellow (Figs 9C, 11C, 13C); wing hyaline (Fig. 19G); and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci (Fig. 38C), rounded in posterior view and 1/3 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia costalimai is very similar to O. inflata externally, although the male cerci and surstylus are very different. Usually, O. inflata (Fig. 9E, 11E, 13E) is stouter than O. costalimai . Additionally, the female head of O. costalimai is usually elliptic in frontal view (Fig. 7C), rather than subtrapezoidal (Fig. 7E).</p><p>Redescription of male. Body length 7.07–8.66 mm (mean = 7.54 mm); wing length 6.98–8.52 mm (7.39 mm) (n = 6).</p><p>Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 5C). Frontal vitta and ocellar triangle brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownishyellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9C, 11C). Scutum brownish-yellow to light brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe, lateral surface of thorax, scutellum and subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing hyaline. Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen entirely brownish-yellow with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 5C, 19A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 1–2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere twice length of pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.6 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.52 times as high as wide (Fig. 19E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.76 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1–2 weak setae, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 6–9. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2–3 dorsal and 2–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14–17 setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13–15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 38C). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes weakly pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, round- ed arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, thick and rounded in lateral view; apex 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view.</p><p>Description of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.10–8.52 mm (mean = 7.32 mm); wing length 6.51–9.09 mm (mean = 7.80 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7C, 19B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to frontoorbital plate. Frontal setae 8–9, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. Thorax. Basisternum 0.48 times as high as wide (Fig. 19F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.76 times as high as wide. Wing 2.8 times longer than wide.</p><p>Remarks. The females were associated with the males by being from the same locality. The female of O. costalimai is described for the first time in the present study. In his key, Tavares made a confusion when assigning diagnostic characters to O. costalimai and O. travassosi (interpreted in the present revision as a junior synonym of O. inflata) (Tavares 1964: 39). Tavares (1964) assigned to O. costalimai surstylus (“forcipes inferiores”) with higher density of setae, mentioning that O. travassosi lacked this character. However, the drawings of the male terminalia of both species show exactly the opposite. Ormiophasia inflata (Fig. 39B) has a stouter and more setose surstylus than O. costalimai (Fig. 38C). This can also be verified in the male terminalia, mounted on slides, of paratypes of both species. Ormiophasia costalimai seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FF8F1161FF53FD27FBB6C058	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8C115DFF53F97FFBB2C6F0.text	03E98795FF8C115DFF53F97FFBB2C6F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia cruzi : Tavares 1964	<div><p>Ormiophasia cruzi Tavares, 1964</p><p>(Figs 5D, 7D, 9D, 11D, 13D, 21–22, 39A)</p><p>Ormiophasia cruzi Tavares, 1964: 47 (description of male). Holotype male (CEIOC), examined. Type locality: Brazil, Guanabara [state of Rio de Janeiro], Rio de Janeiro, Gávea [neighborhood of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro].</p><p>Ormiophasia cruzi: Tavares (1964: 39, key to species; 48, illustrations of head, abdomen, wing and terminalia); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).</p><p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 22): “Prov. Gavea [neighborhood of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, handwriting]/ L.T. [Lauro Travassos] col., 9–933 [1933.09]”/ “ Ormiophasia cruzi / O. Tavares det.”/ “Holotipo” [red label]/ “N. 13.191/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz” (CEIOC).</p><p>Additional material examined. Argentina: 1 ♀, Misiones, v.1937, O. Staudinger &amp; Bang-Haas leg. (CEIOC) . Brazil: 1 ♀, Bahia, Ituberá, 1.vii.2003, Vieira R. leg. (UEFS) ; 1 ♀, Espírito Santo, Itaunas, Engano Stream, 1944, Travasso &amp; N. Santos leg. (CEIOC) ; 1 ♀, Pará, Serra Norte, 22.x.1984 [no collector], MPEG DIP 12183743 (MPEG) ; 1 ♀, Paraná, Foz do Iguaçú, 7.xii.1966, D. Zoo. U.F.P. leg., DZUP 201397 (DZUP) ; 1 ♀, Paraná, Morretes, IAPAR, 28.vi.1985, C.I.I.F. leg., DZUP 201363 (DZUP) ; 1 ♀, Paraná, Morretes, IAPAR, 21–27.viii.1984, C.I.I.F. leg., DZUP 201366 (DZUP) ; 1 ♀, Paraná, São José dos Pinhais, BR 277 [highway] Km 54, 6.iv.1985, C.I.I.F. leg., DZUP 201374 (DZUP) ; 2 ♀♀, Rio de Janeiro, Angra dos Reis, xii.1932, L.T. leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7D, 13D, 21B, D, F), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Corcovado, Paineiras, x.1933, L.T. leg. (CEIOC) ; 1 ♀, Santa Catarina, Rio das Antas, i.1953, Camargo Andr. leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, São Paulo, Tamoio [highway], xii.1944, M.P. Barreto leg. (MZSP) ; 1 ♂ [dissected and photographed] (Figs 5D, 9D, 11D, 21A, C, E, G), São Paulo, Salesópolis, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.85611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.641388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.85611/lat -23.641388)">Estação Biológica de Boraceia</a>, 23º38’29”S 45º51’22”W, 21.iv.2012, Gudin et al. leg. (MZSP) . Panama: 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], 1 ♀, Coclé, El Valle, 6.i.1954, F.S. Blanton leg. (USNM) . Paraguay: 1 ♀, Coclé, Pastoreo, 3–6.i.1972 [no collector] (MZSP) .</p><p>Distribution. Argentina (province of Misiones), Brazil (states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina e São Paulo), Panamá (region of Coclé) and Paraguay (region of Caazapá).</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia cruzi can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity of lower parts of head (Figs 5D, 7D); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; wing with weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 21G); surstylus slender, with posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds (Fig. 39A); and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view and more than 1/2 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia lanei also shares with O. cruzi the shape and color of the head and contrast of pruinosity (Figs 5F, 7F). However, the former differs from the latter by clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane, wing hyaline (Fig. 26E), surstylus strongly inflected (Fig. 39C), and apex of male cerci 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted.</p><p>Redescription of male. Body length 5.33–6.91 mm (mean = 6.05 mm); wing length 5.87–7.13 mm (6.49 mm) (n = 3).</p><p>Coloration. Head yellow or silver-pruinose (Fig. 5D). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Frontoorbital plate brownish-yellow to light brown. Lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow to light brown. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9D, 11D). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow to light brown. Scutellum and subscutellum brown. Wing with weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 21G). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow to light brown. Legs brownish-yellow to light brown. Abdomen entirely brownish-yellow or light brown with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 5D, 21A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.70. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere twice length of pedicel. Face 1.6 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.82 times as high as wide (Fig. 21E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.69 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 6–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 3 dorsal and 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 8–9 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 11–12 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 2–3 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 11–12 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 1–2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 39A). Sternite 5 subtriagular; lateral distal lobes weakly pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin at same level as anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus slender, less thick than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view, thick and tapered in lateral view; apex more than 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view.</p><p>Description of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 5.94–7.47 mm (mean = 6.81 mm); wing length 6.27–8.55 mm (mean = 7.69 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7D, 21B, D). Frontal vitta twice width of fronto-orbital plate. Fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity on lower parts of head. Frontal setae 8–9, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.5 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.54 times as high as wide (Fig. 21F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.79 times as high as wide. Wing 2.8 times longer than wide.</p><p>Remarks. The females were associated with the males through body color and head pruinosity. The female of O. cruzi is described for the first time in the present study. In his key, Tavares assigned to O. cruzi a strong infuscation around veins R 2+3, M 1 and dm-cu (Tavares 1964: 39), which is also present in the illustrations (Tavares 1964: 48) and mentioned in the original description (Tavares 1964: 49). This pattern of infuscation could cause some confusion in the identification of O. cruzi, because it is also present in O. morardi, O. seguyi sp. nov., O. buoculus sp. nov. and O. townsendi sp. nov. (Figs 28G, 32G, 37 G–H). However, this strong infuscation is not present in the holotype of O. cruzi or in any of the additional material examined. Ormiophasia cruzi has only a slight infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 21G). Furthermore, Tavares (1964) also used the number of proepimeral setae in his key, but this character shows intraspecific variation. Regarding the distribution of O. cruzi, there is a huge gap between southeast South America and Panama. Although there is only one record from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, in Pará, it is likely that O. cruzi could have a continuous distribution from the Atlantic Forest to Panama. The male terminalia of specimens from both extremes are very similar, but the series from Panama is small. The specimens from Central America are usually darker than those from South America. This gap could indicate a mere lack of collecting or the existence of different isolated species with a similar morphology, which is the case of O. morardi / O. buoculus sp. nov. and O. crassivena sp. nov. / O. manguinhos sp. nov. Additional material, especially from Central America and northern South America, is required to clarify this question.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FF8C115DFF53F97FFBB2C6F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB01159FF53FE98FDC9C250.text	03E98795FFB01159FF53FE98FDC9C250.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia inflata (Seguy 1927)	<div><p>Ormiophasia inflata (Séguy, 1927b)</p><p>(Figs 3B, 5E, 7E, 9E, 11E, 13E, 23–25, 39B)</p><p>Pseudormia inflata, Séguy 1926a: 5; comparison to Ormia, nomen nudum.</p><p>Pseudormia inflata, Séguy 1927a: 424; catalog, nomen nudum.</p><p>Pseudormia inflata Séguy, 1927b: 262 (description of female). Holotype female (MNHN), examined. Type locality: French Guiana, Kourou River .</p><p>Ormiophasia busckii: Townsend (1931: 82; synonymy of P. inflata with O. busckii); Townsend (1938: 236; catalog); Sabrosky (1953:182; catalog); Tavares (1964: 38; comments on synonymy).</p><p>Ormiophasia inflata: Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).</p><p>Ormiophasia travassosi Tavares, 1964: 49 (description of male). Holotype male (CEIOC), examined. Type locality: Brazil, Pará, Serra do Cachimbo. Syn. nov.</p><p>Ormiophasia travassosi: Tavares (1964: 39; key to species, 50; illustrations of head, abdomen, wing and terminalia, 52; comparison to O. costalimai); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).</p><p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ of P. inflata (Fig. 24): “Museum Paris/ Guyane Française/ Riv. de Kourou [handwriting]”/ “Type” [red label]/ “ Ormia [sic] inflata Seguy, Type/ E. Séguy det. 1925”/ “ P. inflata, 111” (MNHN).</p><p>HOLOTYPE ♂ of O. travassosi (Fig. 25): “ Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará]/ “ abril 1955 [1955.04]/ Medeiros [leg.]”/ “ Ormiophasia travassosi / O. Tavares det.”/ “ Holotipo ” [red label]/ “N. 13.192/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz” (CEIOC).</p><p>PARATYPES of O. travassosi: Brazil: 1 ♂: “ Ormiophasia travassosi / O. Tavares det.”/ “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 14/21–IX–955 [1955.09.14 –21]/ L. Travassos &amp; S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Paratypus [pink label]”/ “N. 13.193/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz” (CEIOC); 1 ♂: “Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 12/18–I–956 [1956.01.12 –18]/ L. Travassos &amp; S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Paratypus [pink label]”/ “ Ormiophasia travassosi / O. Tavares det.” (CEIOC) .</p><p>Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♀, Amazon River, [no date], H.W. Bates leg. (NHMUK) ; 1 ♂ [dis- sected], Amazonas, Itapiranga, AM 363 [highway] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-58.01278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.7158334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -58.01278/lat -2.7158334)">Km</a> 111, 2º42’57”S 58º00’46”W, 7.x.2010, A. Agudelo et al. leg. (INPA) ; 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 18–21.ii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂, Amazonas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.93528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.6441665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.93528/lat -2.6441665)">Novo Airão</a>, 2º38’39”S 60º56’07”W, 28.viii.2011, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Urubu River, BR 174 [highway], 22.v.1982, I.S. Gorayeb leg. (MPEG) ; 1 ♂, Maranhão, Caxias, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.421112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.9108334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.421112/lat -4.9108334)">Inhamum</a> [Ecological Station], 535 m, 4º54’39”S 43º25’16”W, 17.v.2007, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Pará, Belém Instituto Agronômico do Norte, xi.1959, L. Trav. et al. leg. (CEIOC) ; 1 ♀, Pará, São Félix do Xingu, 29–30.ix.1975, M. Boulard et al. leg. (MNHN) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], 2 ♀♀ [one dissected, one photographed] (Figs 7E, 13E, 23B, D, F), Pará, Serra Norte, 22.x.1984 [no collector], MPEG DIP 12183742 (MPEG) . French Guiana: 1 ♀, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Sain-Jean du Maroni, 12.i.1980, J. Boudinot leg. (MNHN) . Trinidad and Tobago: 1 ♀, Port of Spain, 26.ii.1960, T.H.G. Hitken leg. (USNM) . Venezuela: 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5E, 9E, 11E, 23A, C, E, G), Amazonas, Puerto Ayacucho, 22–23.vi.1984, L.J. Joly &amp; T.J. Demarmels leg. (MIZA) ; 1 ♀, Carabobo, San Esteban, 1–6.i.1940, P. Anduze leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], 1 ♀, Monagas, Jusepin, 4.x.1965, F. Fernandez et al. leg. (MIZA) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], 1 ♀, Monagas, Jusepin, 18.x.1965, F. Fernandez et al. leg. (MIZA) .</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Maranhão and Pará), French Guiana (commune of Saint-Laurent-du- Maroni), Trinidad and Tobago (region of Port of Spain) and Venezuela (states of Amazonas, Carabobo, Monagas and San Esteban).</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia inflata can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with yellow pruinosity (Figs 5E, 7E); body brownish-yellow (Figs 9E, 11E, 13E); wing hyaline (Fig. 23G); and apex of male cerci about 2/5 length of cerci (Fig. 39B), rounded in posterior view and 3/5 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia inflata is externally very similar to O. costalimai, but male cerci and surstylus are very different. Usually, O. inflata is stouter than O. costalimai (Figs 9C, 11C, 13C). Additionally, the female head of O. inflata is usually subtrapezoidal (Fig. 7E) rather than elliptic (Fig. 7C).</p><p>Redescription of male. Body length 7.63–9.09 mm (mean = 8.47 mm); wing length 7.20–9.23 mm (8.35 mm) (n = 7).</p><p>Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 5E). Frontal vitta light brown to brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9E, 11E). Scutum brownish-yellow to light brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing hyaline (Fig. 23G). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 5E, 23A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli subequal to dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2–3. Frontal vitta entirely or partially obliterated, subequal in width to ocellar triangle. Frontal setae 7–9, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.4 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.2 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.3 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.40 times as high as wide (Fig. 23E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.74 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 8–9 setae. Meral setae 8–10. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 3–4 dorsal and 3–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 13–15 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 15–20 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4–5 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 17–19 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 39B). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes weakly pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process extending beyond ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds; posterior inner surface with few strong setae medially. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved; apex about 2/5 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, thick and tapered in lateral view; apex 3/5 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view.</p><p>Redescription of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.92–8.37 mm (mean = 7.80 mm); wing length 7.82–9.72 mm (mean = 8.97 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7E, 23B, D). Frontal vitta twice width of fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.6 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.42 times as high as wide (Fig. 23F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.67 times as high as wide.</p><p>Remarks. The males were associated with the females by being from the same locality. Tavares (1964) considered that O. inflata might be a species from a distinct genus related to Ormiophasia, due to characters present in the original description of Séguy such as the longer first flagellomere, four times as long of pedicel, the small ocelli and abdomen with one yellow dorsal median line (Tavares 1964: 38). However, the holotype of O. inflata has the first flagellomere three times as long as the pedicel (Fig. 24B, F), ocelli well developed (Fig. 24D) and abdomen entirely brownish-yellow (Fig. 24A, C), which is also the case for the additional material examined. Furthermore, Tavares (1964) did not examine the holotype female of O. inflata and described O. travassosi based only on males. When examining the additional material, it was possible to identify female specimens through direct comparison with the holotype of O. inflata, due to the stoutness of the body (Figs 13E, 24A, C) and the subtrapezoidal shape of the head (Figs 7E, 24B). Some males were associated with these females and the male terminalia (Fig. 39B) were compared to those of the type material of O. travassosi, which is how the correlation between these two taxa was established. We therefore propose the following synonymy: Ormiophasia travassosi Tavares, 1964 syn. nov. of Ormiophasia inflata (Séguy, 1927b) . The name “ Ormia inflata ”, which is written on the original label of P. inflata (Fig. 24H), may be a previous and incorrect identification by Séguy, since it dates from 1925 and the original publication of P. inflata is posterior to this date. More comments on Tavares’s key relative to O. travassosi, and comparisons between O. inflata and O. costalimai, can be found in the Remarks under O. costalimai . Ormiophasia inflata seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFB01159FF53FE98FDC9C250	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB41154FF53FB77FDD3C23C.text	03E98795FFB41154FF53FB77FDD3C23C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia lanei : Tavares 1964	<div><p>Ormiophasia lanei Tavares, 1964</p><p>(Figs 5F, 7F, 9F, 11F, 13F, 26–27, 39C)</p><p>Ormiophasia lanei Tavares, 1964: 39 (description of male). Holotype male (CEIOC), examined. Type locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéa.</p><p>Ormiophasia lanei: Tavares (1964: 39, key to species; 40, illustrations of head, abdomen, wing and terminalia; 44, comparison to O. causeyi); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).</p><p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 27): “BR-SP, Salesópolis/ Boracea, 850m / v.52 [1952.05]/ L. Travassos F. [leg.]”/ “ Ormiophasia lanei / O. Tavares det.”/ “Holotipo” [red label]/ “N. 13.188/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz” (CEIOC).</p><p>Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♂ [dissected], São Paulo, Barueri, 25.ii.1966, K. Lenko leg. (MZSP) ; 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5F, 9F, 11F, 26A, C, E, F), São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boraceia, 850 m, 21–27.vi.1949, L. Trav. &amp; E.X. Rabello leg. (MZSP) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Bi- ológica de Boraceia, 850 m, 10.iii.1961, Rabello leg. (MZSP) ; 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7F, 13F, 26B, D), São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boraceia, iv.1962, N. Papavero leg. (MZSP) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boraceia, 850 m, 17.x.1963, Rabello &amp; Medeiros leg. (MZSP) .</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (state of São Paulo).</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia lanei can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity on lower parts of head (Figs 5F, 7F); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; wing hyaline (Fig. 26F); surstylus slender (Fig. 39C), strongly inflected, with posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds; and apex of male cerci about 1/4 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view and 1/3 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia cruzi also shares with O. lanei the shape and color of the head, with the contrast of pruinosity (Figs 5D, 7D). However, the former differs from the latter by clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane, wing weakly infuscated around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 21G), surstylus slender with posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds (Fig. 39A), and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view and more than 1/2 width of cerci, gradually constricted.</p><p>Redescription of male. Body length unavailable (specimens with distorted abdomen); wing length 7.84–8.83 mm (8.29 mm) (n = 4).</p><p>Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose, except fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity on lower parts of head (Fig. 5F). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule gray. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow, except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9F, 11F). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brown. Wing hyaline (Fig. 26F). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownishyellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 5F, 26A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 6–7, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.3 times as long as pedicel. Face 1.2 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.6 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.59 times as high as wide (26E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.56 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 1, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1–2 weak setae, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 6–8 setae. Meral setae 4–6. Wing. Three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2–3 dorsal and 1–5 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14–15 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 3–4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 12–14 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 1–2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 39C). Sternite 5 subquadrate; lateral distal lobes not pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process extending beyond ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin slightly higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus slender, strongly inflected, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/4 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface straight, without bend. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view.</p><p>Description of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 8.11 mm; wing length 9.14 (n = 1). Head (Figs 7F, 26B, D). Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of fronto-orbital plate. Fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity on lower parts of head. Frontal setae 8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.5 times as long as pedicel.</p><p>Remarks. The female was associated with the males both by being from the same locality and through color of clypeus and body, and head pruinosity. The female of O. lanei is described for the first time in the present study. Description of the female prothorax was not possible, since there was only one specimen for study and we decided to preserve it intact. As already observed by Tavares (1964: 41), the male terminalia of O. lanei are very distinct among species of the genus. The subquadrate shape of the cerci apex and the strong inflection of the surstylus are evident. Tavares also assigned to O. lanei the presence of two pairs of discal scutellar setae (Tavares 1964: 41), arising at the level of the subapical pair. However, this character is not present in the holotype and in the additional material examined, all of which have only one pair. Regarding its distribution, Ormiophasia lanei seems to be restricted to the Atlantic Forest of São Paulo state.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFB41154FF53FB77FDD3C23C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8.text	03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia morardi (Seguy 1926)	<div><p>Ormiophasia morardi (Séguy, 1926b)</p><p>(Figs 5G, 7G, 9G, 11G, 13G, 28–29, 40A)</p><p>Pseudoneoptera morardi Séguy, 1926b: 19 (description of female). Holotype female (MNHN), examined. Type locality: French Guiana.</p><p>Pseudoneoptera morardi: Séguy (1927a: 424; catalog).</p><p>Ormiophasia morardi: Townsend (1931: 82; placement of P. morardi in Ormiophasia); Townsend (1938: 236; catalog); Sa- brosky (1953: 182; catalog); Tavares (1964: 38; comments on synonymy), Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).</p><p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ (Fig. 29): “934”/ “ Guyane Françse [Française]/ Noveau Chautier”/ “Mu- seum Paris/ Guyane Française/ Coll. E. Séguy 1919”/ “Type”/ “aile preparation, no 1291 [handwriting]”/ “ Pseudoneoptera morardi Seguy / Genotype/ E. Seguy det. 19”/ “Type” [red label]/ “ P. morandi [misspelling], 112” (MNHN).</p><p>Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♀, Amapá, Amapari River, 29.vi.1959, I. Lane leg. (CEIOC) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Amazon River, [no date], H.W. Bates leg. (NHMUK) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Castanho-Careiro, AM 359 [highway] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.33583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.7330556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.33583/lat -3.7330556)">Km</a> 39, 3º43’59”S 60º20’09”W, 6–7.xi.2010, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, vi.1976, L. Albuquerque leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 26.x.2003, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5G, 9G, 11G, 28A, C, E, G), 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7G, 13G, 28B, D, F), Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 21–24.i.2004, C.S. Mota et al. leg. (INPA) ; 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 18–21.ii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 16–19.iv.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 3 ♀♀ [one dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.115276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.5891666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.115276/lat -2.5891666)">Km</a> 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 13–16.viii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA) ; 1 ♀, Pará, Altamira, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.366665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.366665/lat -3.65)">Xingu River</a>, 3º39’S 52º22’W, 13–21.x.1986, P. Spangler &amp; O. Flint leg. (USNM) ; 1 ♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 6–14.vi.1956, Travasso &amp; Adão leg. (CEIOC) ; 1 ♀, Pará, Jambuaçú, Mojú, vii.1967, E.P.D.Z. &amp; M.G. leg. (MPEG) . French Guiana: 1 ♀, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Saut-Maripa, Oyapock, 26.xi.1969, Balachowsky &amp; Gruner leg. (MNHN) .</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (states of Amapá, Amazonas and Pará) and French Guiana (region of Cuyuni-Mazaruni).</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia morardi can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 5G, 7G); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 9G, 11G, 13G); wing with strong infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 and weak infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 28G); and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci (Fig. 40A), subquadrate in posterior view and 1/3 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia morardi is very similar to O. buoculus sp. nov., from which it is distinguishable only in the male sex. Males of O. morardi have ocellar triangle visible in profile (Fig. 28A) and ocelli 1.5 times the size of the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 5G), whereas males of O. buoculus sp. nov. have a very constricted ocellar triangle, not visible in profile (Fig. 37A), and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 6G).</p><p>Description of male. Body length 6.33–8.91 mm (mean = 7.14 mm); wing length 6.85–8.60 mm (7.34 mm) (n = 4).</p><p>Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 5G). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brownish-gray. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9G, 11G). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown to brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing with strong brown infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 28G). Tegula dark brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins and halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs dark brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 5G, 28A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.40. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7–9, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.1 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.5 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.6 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.66 times as high as wide (Fig. 28E); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.67 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 6–9. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2–4 dorsal and 3–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 13–15 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14–17 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4–5 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 12–14 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 40A). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds; posterior inner surface with few strong setae medially. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view.</p><p>Redescription of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.12–6.97 mm (mean = 6.66 mm); wing length 6.11–8.29 mm (mean = 7.25 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7G, 28B, D). Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of frontoorbital plate. Frontal setae 8–9, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.8 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.53 times as high as wide (Fig. 28F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.78 times as high as wide. Wing 2.7 times longer than wide.</p><p>Remarks. The males were associated with the females both by being from the same locality and through body color and infuscation of wing. In the original description, Séguy (1926b) mentioned the distinct infuscation of the wing (Fig. 29G): “Ailes fortement rembrunies le long du bord costal—une ombre plus pâle le long des nervures, surtout des deux grandes transverses”. Neither Townsend nor Tavares referenced this character in their studies. Séguy also assigned to O. morardi microscopic ocelli, which is a clear characteristic of the male of O. buoculus sp. nov. (Fig. 37C). However, it is not possible to know if this character is also present in females of O. buoculus sp. nov., since the female of this species remains unknown. Additionally, the holotype female of O. morardi does not present microscopic ocelli (Fig. 29B, D), showing no conspicuous difference in ocelli size when compared to any other female of Ormiophasia . As already detailed above in the diagnosis, the distinction between O. morardi and O. buoculus sp. nov. is based only on male characters. Since there were no male specimens from French Guiana available for this study and it was not possible to associate any female to the males described as O. buoculus sp. nov., the association between males and females of O. morardi should be considered provisional. The male and female specimens described here as O. morardi were associated with each other because this was the only series with female specimens available for comparison with the holotype. Therefore, the association between this series and this nominal species was justified. However, due to the lack of complementary information regarding French Guiana specimens and females of O. buoculus sp. nov., this issue could not be solved in the present study. A similar situation occurred with O. seguyi sp. nov. and O. townsendi sp. nov., as discussed in their respective descriptions. Ormiophasia morardi seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBE1151FF53F8EFFDBAC3EC.text	03E98795FFBE1151FF53F8EFFDBAC3EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia obscura (Seguy 1926)	<div><p>Ormiophasia obscura (Séguy, 1926b)</p><p>(Figs 5H, 9H, 11H, 30)</p><p>Plagiatormia obscura Séguy, 1926b: 19 (description of male). Holotype male (MNHN), examined. Type locality: Argentina, upper Paraná River, Teyú Cuaré Park, near San Ignacio.</p><p>Plagiatormia obscura: Séguy (1927a: 424; catalog). Ormiophasia busckii: Townsend (1931: 82; synonymy of P. obscura with O. busckii); Townsend (1938: 236; catalog); Sabrosky (1953:182; catalog); Tavares (1964: 38; comments on synonymy).</p><p>Ormiophasia obscura: Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).</p><p>Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 5H, 9H, 11H, 30): “Museum Paris/ Républ. Argentine / Haut Pa- rana/ Teju Cuare, pr. [near to] San Ignacio/ E.R. Wagner [leg.] 1911”/ “Type”/ “ Plagiatormia obscura Seguy / Type/ E. Séguy det. 1925”/ “ P. obscura, 113” (MNHN).</p><p>Distribution. Argentina (department of San Ignacio).</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia obscura can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Fig. 5H); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; wing hyaline (Fig. 30D); and thorax and abdomen brown (Fig. 9H, 11H). Ormiophasia obscura can be confused with O. busckii and O. cruzi because of the brown color of the body and the clypeus of the same color as the frontoclypeal membrane. However, O. obscura has ocellar triangle setulose (bare in O. busckii; Fig. 15 C–D) and does not have the contrast of head pruinosity (Figs 5D, 7D) and weakly infuscated wing (Fig. 21G) of O. cruzi .</p><p>Redescription of male. Body length 6.98. Wing length 7.47 mm (n = 1).</p><p>Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 5H). Frontal vitta and ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brown. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brown. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming light brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9H, 11H). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brown. Scutellum and subscutellum brown. Wing hyaline. Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brown. Legs brown. Abdomen brown at base, becoming dark brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 5H, 30 A–B). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.75. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.3 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.4 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.1 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.54 times as high as wide (Fig. 30C); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.75 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 setae. Meral setae 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2 dorsal and 2 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 3 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 3 posteroventral basal setae.</p><p>Terminalia. Not dissected.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Remarks. Due to the lack of examined material from Argentina it is not possible to make any advances in the taxonomy of O. obscura . The holotype male is the only specimen available and its terminalia could not be examined. It is possible, though, to refute the synonymy of O. obscura with O. busckii proposed by Townsend (1931), since O. obscura has a setulose ocellar triangle. Regarding the species of Ormiophasia with distribution closer to O. obscura, O. cruzi extends to Argentina, Misiones, and could be even interpreted morphologically as the same species as O. obscura . The contrast of pruinosity on the head is diagnostic for O. cruzi, but it is more visible in females, which are not known for O. obscura . Thus, the examination of male terminalia of O. obscura would be decisive to resolve this issue, but this necessitates additional material. Furthermore, the diagnostic character assigned to O. obscura by Séguy (1926b: 20) in his key (bend of M rounded) is not reliable, since this character shows intraspecific variation in many Ormiophasia species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFBE1151FF53F8EFFDBAC3EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090.text	03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia guimaraesi Gudin & Nihei 2019	<div><p>Ormiophasia guimaraesi sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 6A, 7H, 10A, 12A, 13H, 31, 40B)</p><p>Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6A, 10A, 12A, 31A, C, G): “Est. [Station] Sirena, P. N. [National Park] Corcovado/ 0–100m., Prov. Punt. [Puntarenas]/ Costa Rica, G. Fonseca [leg.]/ Abr, 1991 [04.1991]/ L-S- 270500, 508300”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 310832 ”/ “ Holotype ” [red label] (MNCR).</p><p>PARATYPES (11 ♂♂, 18 ♀♀): Colombia: 1 ♀: “ Aljibes, Providencia / c. 33 Km w. Zaragosa/ Antioquia, Colombia / 11–23.1970/ Richard W. Pinger [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) . Costa Rica: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 31E): “ Costa Rica, Prov. San José, Est. / Santa Elena, Las Nubes, 1210 m, 6–/ 10 ABR 1997 [6–10.iv.1997], E. Alfaro [leg.], de Luz [on light]/ L_S_371750_507800, #46790”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 554419”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂ [dissected]: “Est. Sirena, P. N. Corcovado / 0–100 m, Prov. Punt. / Costa Rica, N. Obando [leg.]/ Jun 1990 [vi.1990]/ L-S-270500, 508300”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 644138”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Est. Agujas, Río Agujas, 300 m / 11–27 JUL 1996 [11–27.vii.1996], A. Azofeita / Collecta Nocturna/ L_S_276750_526550, #47856”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 573131”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Est. Pitilla, 700 m, 9 Km S/ Sta. Cecilia, P. N. Guanacaste / Prov. Guanacaste / Costa Rica, 24 ago a 11/ set 1992 [24.viii–11.ix.1992], P. Rios [leg.]/ L-N- 330200, 880200”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 831961”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Est. Que- brada Bonita / Cruce de quebradas/ Res. Biol. Carara, Prov. / Punt., Costa Rica, E./ Quesada [leg.], 5 Nov–13 Dic 1990 [5.xi–13.xii.1990]/ L-N-195500, 460400”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 302029”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Est. Quebrada Bonita / Cruce de quebradas/ Res. Biol. Carara, Prov. / Punt., Costa Rica, E./ Quesada [leg.], 5 Nov–13 Dic 1990 [5.xi–13.xii.1990]/ L-N-195500, 460400”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 302058”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Rancho Quemado, Peninsula / de Osa, 200 m, Prov. / Punt., Costa Rica / F. Quesada [leg.], Dic 1991 [xii.1991]/ L-S-202500, 511000”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 342857”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “Costa Rica, Prov. Heredia, R. V. S./ Corredor Fronterizo, C. R. Nicaragua / Lagunas a la par de rio San Juan, 20–50 m / 16 Set 2004 [16.ix.2004], B. Hernández [leg.], Tp. luz [light trap]/ L_N_306850_ 519443, #78168”/ “INB0003884114/ MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA ”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas, P. N./ Corcovado, Sector La Leona, Cerro / Puma, 100–300 m, 27 JUN–1 JUL 2003 [27. vi–1.vii.2003]/ M. Moraga col. [leg.], Tp. luz [light trap]/ L_S_267700_518900, #74481”/ “INB0003734315/ MN- CRCRI, COSTA RICA ”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Limón, Amubri / 70 m, SET 1996 [ix.1996], G. Gallardo [leg.]/ L_S_385000_578100, #8397”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 481479”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Monumento Nacional Guayabo, Prov. / Carta., Costa Rica, 1100 m, Nov 1994 [xi.1994], G./ Fonseca [leg.], L N 217400_570000, #3287”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 093668”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7H, 13H, 31B, D, F): “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100 m / R. Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy / Cerere, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, R. Guzman [leg.]/ 28–12 abr 1992 [28–12.iv.1992]/ L-N-184200, 643300”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 393313”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Sector Cer- ro Cocori, Fca / de E. Rojas, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, E. Rojas [leg.]/ Nov 1990 [xi.1990]/ L-N-286000, 567500”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 308171”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas, Finca / Cafrosa, Embalce, 800 m NO. de/ Tigra, 1280 m, 10–29 JUL 1996 [19–29.vii.1996], E./ Navarro [leg.], L_S_317800_596200/ #8338”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 456315”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Amubri, Limón, Costa Rica, 70 m, DIC/ 1995 [xii.1995], G. Gallardo [leg.]/ L_S_385000_578100”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 366102”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela / Sector Colonia Palmareña, 9 Km / SO. de Bajo Rodriguez, 700 m / MAY 1997 [v.1997], K. Quesada / L_N_245900_475900, #46264”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 568788”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Estación Altmira [ Altamira], 1 Km S del Cerro / Biolley, 1450 m, 7 AGO–7 SET/ 1997 [7.viii–7ix.1997], R. Villalobos [leg.], de Luz [on light]/ L_S_331700_572100, #47759”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 547744”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Rancho Quemado, 200 m / Pen- insula de Osa, Prov. / Puntarenas, Costa Rica / F. Quesada [leg.], Abr 1992 [iv.1992]/ L-S 292500, 511000”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 422355”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Estac. Quemada Bonita / 50 m, R. B. Carara, Puntarenas / Pr., Costa Rica / R. Zuniga [leg.], April 1989 [iv.1989]/ 194500, 469850”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 052552”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “Est. Pailas, P. N. Rincón de la Vieja, A./ C. Guana- caste, Prov. Guana., Costa Rica / 800 m, 7–26 May 1994 [7–26.v.1994], D.G. García [leg.], L N/ 306300_388600, #2910”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 878774”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Rio San Lorenzo, 1050 m / Tierras Morenas, Z. P./ Tenoria, Prov. Guanacaste / Costa Rica, Ago 1992 [viii.1992]/ G. Rodriguez [leg.]/ L-N 287800, 427600”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 378274”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ San Luís, Monteverde, Buen Amigo / Prov. Punta., Costa Rica / 1000–1350 m, NOV 1995 [x.1995], Z. Fuentes [leg.]/ L_N_ 250850_449250, #6456”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 357983”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “Lu- ces [captured on light]”/ “Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela, San / Carlos, P. N. Arenal, Sector de la/ Península, 600 m, MAR 1999 [iii.1999], G./ Carballo [leg.]/ L_N_271500_453800, #57641”/ “INB0003134164/ MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA ”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Est. Agujas, 300 m, 8–10 JUN/ 1997 [8–10.vi.1997], A. Azofeifa [leg.]/ L_S_276750_526550, #46854’/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 566635”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “Est. Las Pailas, P. N. Rincón de la Vieja / Prov. Guana., Costa Rica, 800 m,m 13–19/ Set 1993 [13–19.ix.1993], K. Taylor [leg.]/ L N 306300_388600, #2348”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 615737”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Hitoy Cerere, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 100 m, 24 Ago–16 Set 1993 [24.viii–16.ix.1993], G. Carballo [leg.]/ L N 643400_184600, #2341”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 137932”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Amubri, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 70 m, MAR 1995 [iii.1995], G. Gallardo [leg.]/ L S 385000 578100, #4390”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 180779”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Estación Altmira [ Altamira], 1 Km S del Cerro / Biolley, 1450 m, 7 AGO–7 SET/ 1997 [7.viii. 7.ix.1997], R. Villalobos [leg.], de Luz [on light]/ L_S_331700_572100, #47759”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 547746”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Costa Rica, Cartago / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.756&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.686" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.756/lat 9.686)">Reserva Tapantí</a> / Río Grande de Orosi / 9.686 N, 83.756 W / 7–8.vi.1988, el. 1650 m / C.M. &amp; O.S. Flint, Holzenthal [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) .</p><p>Type locality. Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Osa Peninsula, Corcovado National Park.</p><p>Distribution. Colombia (department of Antioquia) and Costa Rica (provinces of Alajuela, Cartago, Guanacaste, Heredia, Limón, Puntarenas and San José).</p><p>Etymology. The name is a tribute to the dipterist José Henrique Guimarães, for his important contributions to the taxonomy of Neotropical Tachinidae . The name is a noun in the genitive case.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia guimaraesi sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by ocellar triangle setulose (Figs 6A, 7H); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; scutum dark brown, contrasting with brownish-yellow lateral surface of thorax (Figs 10A, 12A, 13H); wing hyaline (Fig. 31G); surstylus stout (Fig. 40B), with posterior outer surface entirely covered with strong setae and posterior inner surface covered with short setae medially; and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view and 3/5 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia guimaraesi is very distinct from other Ormiophasia species, especially because of body color and male terminalia. Ormiophasia inflata also has stout male cerci and surstylus (Fig. 39B), but the apex of cerci and body color are completely different.</p><p>Description. Male. Body length 6.99–9.28 mm (mean = 8.30 mm); wing length 8.02–9.49 mm (8.74 mm) (n = 10).</p><p>Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose or silver (Fig. 6A). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Frontoorbital plate brownish-yellow to light brown. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge and face brownish-yellow. Mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10A, 12A). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing hyaline. Tegula and basicosta brownish-yellow. Veins brownish-yellow to light brown. Halter and calypteres light brown. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming dark brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity. Sternites brownish-yellow.</p><p>Head (Figs 6A, 31A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.75. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2–4. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 5–9, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker.Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.4 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.1 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.75 times as high as wide (Fig. 31E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.75 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 5–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2–4 dorsal and 3–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–14 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14–17 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13–15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 40B). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin at same level as anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface entirely covered with strong setae; posterior inner surface covered with short setae medially. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved, without a distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex 3/5 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view.</p><p>Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 7.56–9.17 mm (mean = 8.33 mm); wing length 8.30–10.35 mm (mean = 9.24 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7H, 31B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 8–9, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.1 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.53 times as high as wide (Fig. 31F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.68 times as high as wide.</p><p>Remarks. The females were associated with the males through body color. The proposition of this new species is justified especially by the shape of the male terminalia. None of the valid species of Ormiophasia known to date has a stout surstylus with posterior inner surface covered with short setae and apex of male cerci subrectangular in posterior view. Regarding the distribution of O. guimaraesi sp. nov., nearly all the examined material was collected in Costa Rica, except for one female from Colombia. This may suggest a more continuous distribution between these two countries.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4.text	03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia seguyi Gudin & Nihei 2019	<div><p>Ormiophasia seguyi sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 6B, 8A, 10B, 12B, 14A, 32, 40C)</p><p>Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6B, 10B, 12B, 32A, C, G): “ Avispas [Avispa, misspelling], Madre / de Dios [but it may be the department of Cusco, see remarks], Peru / 20–30.ix.1962 / L. Pena [leg.], 400m ”/ “ Holotype ” [red label] (CNC).</p><p>PARATYPES (1 ♂, 4 ♀♀): Bolivia: 1 ♀: “ Bolivia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-65.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.116667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -65.6/lat -17.116667)">El Limbo</a> / 65 o 36’W 17º07’S / 2200 m, Nov. 63 [xi.1963]/ F. Steinbach [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (CNC) . Peru: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 32E); 3 ♀♀ [one dissected, one photographed] (Figs 8A, 14A, 32B, D, F): “Quincemil/ Cuzco, Peru / 13–31.viii.’62 [1962]/ L. Pena [leg.], 780 m ”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (CNC) .</p><p>Type locality. Peru, Madre de Dios [but it may be the department of Cusco; see remarks], Avispa .</p><p>Distribution. Bolivia (department of Cochabamba) and Peru (departments of Cusco and Madre de Dios).</p><p>Etymology. The name is a tribute to the dipterist Eugène Séguy, for his contributions to the taxonomy of Neotropical Ormiini . The name is a noun in the genitive case.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia seguyi sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with yellow pruinosity (Figs 6B, 8A); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen brownishyellow (Figs 10B, 12B, 14A); wing with strong infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 and weak infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 32G); and apex of male cerci about 2/5 length of cerci (Fig. 40C), subrectangular in posterior view and about 1/2 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia seguyi sp. nov. is very similar to O. townsendi sp. nov., from which it is distinguishable only in the male sex. Males of O. seguyi sp. nov. have ocellar triangle visible in profile (Fig. 32A) and ocelli twice the size of the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 6B), whereas males of O. townsendi sp. nov. have a very constricted ocellar triangle, not visible in profile (Fig. 37B), and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 6H). Additionally, O. seguyi sp. nov. also has male surstylus and cerci stouter (Fig. 40C) than O. townsendi sp. nov. (Fig. 42C).</p><p>Description. Male. Body length 6.95–7.30 mm (mean = 7.13 mm); wing length 7.83–8.03 mm (7.93 mm) (n = 2).</p><p>Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 6B). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge and face brownish-yellow. Mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10B, 12B). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brown. Wing with strong brown infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 32G). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen entirely brownish-yellow with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 6B, 32A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli subequal to dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.5 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.4 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.4 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.52 times as high as wide (Fig. 32E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.66 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 6–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2 dorsal and 3 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 12–15 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 3–4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 11–15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 40C). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface entirely covered with strong setae; posterior inner surface with few strong setae medially. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 2/5 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view.</p><p>Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 7.05–7.84 mm (mean = 7.43 mm); wing length 7.89–8.83 mm (mean = 8.32 mm) (n = 4). Head (Figs 8A, 32B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.5 times as long as pedicel. Facial ridge 1.9 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.52 times as high as wide (Fig. 32F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.80 times as high as wide. Wing 2.8 times longer than wide.</p><p>Remarks. The females were associated with the males both by being from the same locality and through body color and infuscation of wing. The type locality is not clear due to the register of the municipality Avispa (as “Avispas” on the label) in the department of Madre de Dios, Peru. However, nowadays, this city is inside the limits of the department of Cusco. The proposition of this new species is justified especially by the shape of the male terminalia, the body color and the infuscation of the wing. The same pattern of wing infuscation can also be seen in O. morardi, O. buoculus sp. nov. and O. townsendi sp. nov. (Figs 28G, 37G, 37H, respectively). However, O. seguyi sp. nov. more closely resembles O. townsendi sp. nov., especially because of the general brownish-yellow body color. Differently from O. morardi and O. buoculus sp. nov., whose distributions almost overlap, O. seguyi sp. nov. (Bolivia and Peru) and O. townsendi sp. nov. (Brazil) have allopatric distributions. Ormiophasia seguyi is the first documented occurence of Ormiophasia in the Andean region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058.text	03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia crassivena Gudin & Nihei 2019	<div><p>Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 4B, 6C, 8B, 10C, 12C, 14B, 33, 41A)</p><p>Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6C, 10C, 12C, 33A, C, G): “Amubri, A. C. Amistad, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, 70 m, 1–19.Feb.1994, G./ Gallardo [leg.], L S 385500_578000, #2687”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 708503”/ “ Holotype ” [red label] (MNCR).</p><p>PARATYPES (4 ♂♂, 17 ♀♀): Brazil: 2 ♀♀: “ Brasil, RO [Rondônia], Vilhena / 124655S–602218W/ 25.iv.2006, J.A. Rafael &amp;/ F.F. Xavier Fo [leg.], arm luz [light trap]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (INPA) ; 1 ♀: “ Brasil, AM [Ama- zonas], Manaus, ZF2/ Km-14, Torre 023521S/ 600655W, 12–15.x.2004 / lençol: luz mista e BLB [light trap]”/ “35 mts altura, J.A. Rafael/ C.S. Mota, R.F. Xavier Fo / A. Silva Fo &amp; S. Trovisco [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (INPA) ; 1 ♀: “ Brasil, Am [ Amazonas]/ Ig. Tucunare, 75/ Km W. Itacoatiara / 30Jan.1979 [30.i.1979]/ O.S. Flint, Jr. [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) ; 1 ♀: “DZUP 201400”/ “ Jacareacanga / Pará, Brasil, x.1959 / M. Al- varenga leg.” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (DZUP) . Costa Rica: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 33E): “ Amubri, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 70 m, 1–22 ENE 1995 [1–22.i.1995], G. Gallardo [leg.]/ L S 385000 578100, #4388”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 192340”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, Res. / Biol. Hitoy Cerere, Rio / Cerere, 200 m, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, G. Carballo [leg.]/ Dic 1990 [xii.1990]/ L-N-184200, 643300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 294734”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Río San Lorenzo, 1050 m, Tierras / Morenas, Z. P. Tenorio, Prov./ Guan., Costa Rica, Ene 1993 [i.1993]/ G. Rodriguez [leg.], L-N-287800, 427600”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 306776”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100 m, R./ Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere / Prov. Limón, Costa Rica, Mar / 1993 [iii.1993], G. Carballo [leg.]/ L-N-184200, 643300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 299694”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Hitoy Cerere, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 100 m, Oct 1993 [x.1993], G. Carbalo [leg.]/ L N 643400_ 184600, #2378”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 726990”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 8B, 14B, 33B, D, F, H): “ Costa Rica, Prov. Limón, R. B./ Hitoy Cerere, Send. Espavel, 560 m, 27/ JUN—2 JUL 2003 [27.vi–2.vii.2003], B. Gamboa, E./ Rojas, W. Arana [leg.], Trampa de Luz / Mercurio [light trap], L_S_ 401200_569800, #74441”/ “INB0003733068/ MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA ”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100 m, R./ Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere / Prov. Limón, Costa Rica, Mar / 1993 [iii.1993], G. Carballo [leg.]/ L-N-184200, 643300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 299689”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Amubri, 70 m, Talamanca / Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 16 a 31 ago 1992 [16–31.viii.1992]/ G. Gallardo /L-S- 385500, 578050”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 734685”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Amubri, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 70 m, 3–28 FEB 1995 [3–28.ii.1995], G. Gallardo/ L_S_385000_578100, #4389”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 215820”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) . French Guiana: 1 ♂, 1 ♀: “ Muséum Paris ”/ “ Guyane Française / Piste Changement, P. K., 4 à 7/ ix/91 [4–7.ix.1991], Exp. H. de Toulgoët [leg.]”/ “H. de Toulgoët—J. Navatte/ P. Bleuzen—L. Sénecaux”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNHN) . Panama: 1 ♀: “Cerro Jefe, R. P. [Republic of Panama]/ 28 May 54 [28.v.1954], light [handwriting]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (NHMUK) . Venezuela: 1 ♀: “ Km 38, El Dorado / Santa Elena, BO/ Venezuela / 2.ix.57 [1957]”/ “ C.J. Rosales col. [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA) ; 1 ♀: “Venezuela, T. F./ Amazonas Dpt / Rio Negro ”/ “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.9166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.166664/lat 0.9166667)">Rio Baria</a> / 14 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.9166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.166664/lat 0.9166667)">Om.</a> / 0 o 55’N, 66º10’W ”/ “ C. Padilla / 25.iii–15.iv.84 [1984]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA) ; 1 ♀: “Venezuela, T. F./ Amazonas / San Carlos de/ Rio Negro / 7–13.xi.1982 [handwriting]”/ “ Col. A. Chacon / G. Yepez G.”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA) ; 1 ♀: “Ven- ezuela, T. F. Amaz. / Cerro de la Neblina/ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.162224&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.8333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.162224/lat 0.8333333)">Basecamp</a>, 0 o 50’N / 66º9’44”W, 140 m / 1–10 March 1984 [1–10.iii.1984]/ D. Davis &amp; T. McCabe [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) .</p><p>Type locality. Costa Rica, Limón, Amubri.</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia), Costa Rica (provinces of Guanacaste and Limón), French Guiana, Panama and Venezuela (states of Amazonas and Bolívar).</p><p>Etymology. The name refers to the conspicuous thickness of veins in the female wing, from the Latin “ crassus ” = thick and “ vena ” = vein.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 6C, 8B); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10C, 12C, 14B); basicosta broad, twice width of tegula (Fig. 4B); male wing with weak infuscation around veins R 1, R 2+3, R 4+5, M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 33G); female wing 2.3 times longer than wide, with strong infuscation around all veins (Fig. 33H) except A 1 +CuA 2, veins R 2+3, R 4+5, M 1 and CuA 1 thickened, and section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved; apex of male cerci about 2/5 length of cerci (Fig. 41A), rounded in posterior view and about 1/2 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov. is very similar to O. manguinhos sp. nov., especially concerning wing characters (Fig. 34 F–G). However, O. manguinhos sp. nov. has thorax brownish-yellow, contrasting with dark brown abdomen (Figs 10D, 12D, 14C), and vein R 1 without infuscation and vein R 2+3 infuscated only at the tip in male (Fig. 34F). Additionally, the apex of the male cerci of O. manguinhos sp. nov. is shorter (Fig. 41B) than in O. crassivena sp. nov.</p><p>Description. Male. Body length 6.08–8.31 mm (mean = 7.25 mm); wing length 6.37–8.72 mm (7.54 mm) (n = 5).</p><p>Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6C). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray to brown. Antenna yellowish-orange to dark brown. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brownish-gray. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becom- ing light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10C, 12C). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing with weak brown infuscation around veins R 1, R 2+3 and R 4+5 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 33G). Tegula and basicosta dark brown. Veins brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs dark brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Fig. 6C, 33A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.75. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely or partially obliterated, subequal in width to ocellar triangle. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker.Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.6 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.1 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.64 times as high as wide (Fig. 33E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.48 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 7–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta twice width of tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 1 dorsal and 3 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 slightly curved. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 12–20 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of four equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13–15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 41A). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds, posterior inner surface with few short setae medially. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved, without a distinct median projection; apex about 2/5 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view.</p><p>Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.68–7.88 mm (mean = 7.34 mm); wing length 6.72–8.72 mm (mean = 8.03 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 8B, 33B, D). Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.4 times as long as pedicel. Facial ridge 1.9 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.57 times as high as wide (Fig. 33F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.81 times as high as wide. Wing 2.3 times longer than wide; with strong brown infuscation around all veins except A 1 +CuA 2 (Fig. 33H). Vein R 2+3 thickened along entire length, veins R 4+5 and M 1 thickened at level of crossvein r-m, and vein CuA 1 thickened at midlength. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved.</p><p>Remarks. The females were associated with the males through body color, infuscation of wing and size of basicosta. There is sexual dimorphism in the wings, the male lacking thickened veins and having weaker infuscation, whereas the female has thickened veins and strong infuscation. Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov. and O. manguinhos sp. nov. are the most different from other Ormiophasia species, especially because of the shape of the basicosta and wing morphology, including the thickness of the female veins. The former seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest and Central America, whereas the latter has so far been found only in the Atlantic Forest.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C.text	03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia manguinhos Gudin & Nihei 2019	<div><p>Ormiophasia manguinhos sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 6D, 8C, 10D, 12D, 14C, 34, 41B)</p><p>Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6D, 10D, 12D, 34A, C, F): “ S. José Pinhais [São José dos Pinhais], PR [state of Paraná]/ Brasil, (Br 277-km54) [federal highway]/ 12.v.1985 / C.I.I.F. [leg.], (Luminosa) [light trap]”/ “DZUP 201373”/ “ Holotype ” [red label] (DZUP).</p><p>PARATYPES (4 ♀♀): Brazil: 2 ♀♀ [one photographed] (Figs 8C, 14C, 34B, D, E, G): “ Itatiaia, Est. do Rio [Rio de Janeiro], Brasil/ (Macieira— 1830 m)/ 9/10–3–951 [9–10.iii.1951]/ D. Albuquerque col. [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (CEIOC); 1 ♀: “Est. Biol. Boraceia/ Salesópolis, S.P., 850 m / Rabello col. [leg.], 18.x.60 [18.x.1960, handwriting]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (CEIOC); 1 ♀: “DZUP 201389”/ “Castro PR / Brasil, 9.xii.1966 / S. Laroca [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (DZUP) .</p><p>Type locality. Brazil, Paraná, São José dos Pinhais.</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (states of Paraná, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo).</p><p>Etymology. The name is a tribute to the great and historical Brazilian entomological collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, unit of Manguinhos, and it is a reminder of the Manguinhos Massacre, one of the many horrible heritages of the Brazilian military dictatorship era. The name is a noun in apposition.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia manguinhos sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 6D, 8C); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; thorax brownish-yellow and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10D, 12D, 14C); basicosta broad, twice width of tegula (Fig. 4B); male wing with weak infuscation at tip of vein R 1 and around veins R 2+3, R 4+5, M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 34F); female wing 2.4 times longer than wide, with strong infuscation around all veins (Fig. 34G) except A 1 +CuA 2, veins R 2+3, R 4+5,M 1 and CuA 1 thickened, and section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved; apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci (Fig. 41B), rounded in posterior view and 3/5 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia manguinhos sp. nov. is very similar to O. crassivena sp. nov., especially concerning wing characters (Figs 33 G–H). However, O. crassivena sp. nov. has thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10C, 12C, 14B) and male wing with infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 (Fig. 33G). Additionally, the apex of the male cerci in O. crassivena sp. nov. is longer (Fig. 41A) than in O. manguinhos sp. nov.</p><p>Description. Male. Body length 6.24 mm; wing length 6.72 mm (n = 1).</p><p>Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6D). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brown. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10D, 12D). Scutum brownish-yellow; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing with weak brown infuscation at tip of vein R 2+3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 34F). Tegula brownish-yellow. Basicosta and veins brown. Halter brownish-yellow. Calypteres light brown. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 6D, 34A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.75. Ocelli subequal to dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 6, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.3 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 setae. Meral setae 6. Wing. Subequal to body length, 2.7 times longer than wide. Basicosta twice width of tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 1 dorsal and 2 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 11 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 3 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 14 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 1 posterodorsal median seta and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 41B). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and pointed in lateral view; apex 3/5 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view.</p><p>Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.13–6.45 mm (mean = 6.30 mm); wing length 7.24–7.55 mm (mean = 7.45 mm) (n = 5). Head (Figs 8C, 34B, D). Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.6 times as long as pedicel. Facial ridge 2.2 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.42 times as high as wide (Fig. 34E); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.75 times as high as wide. Wing 2.4 times longer than wide; with strong brown infuscation around all veins except A 1 +CuA 2 (Fig. 34G). Vein R 2+3 thickened along it entire length, veins R 4+5 and M 1 thickened at level of crossvein r-m, and CuA 1 thickened at midlength. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved.</p><p>Remarks. The females were associated with the male through body color, infuscation of wing and size of basicosta. The description of the male prothorax was not possible, since there was only one specimen available for study. There is sexual dimorphism in the wing, the male lacking thickened veins and having weaker infuscation, whereas the female has thickened veins and strong infuscation. Ormiophasia manguinhos sp. nov. and O. crassivena sp. nov. are very similar (see Remarks under O. crassivena sp. nov.). Ormiophasia manguinhos sp. nov. seems to be restricted to the Atlantic Forest.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394.text	03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia tavaresi Gudin & Nihei 2019	<div><p>Ormiophasia tavaresi sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 6E, 8D, 10E, 12E, 14D, 35, 41C)</p><p>Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6E, 10E, 12E, 35A, C, G): “ Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela, Reserva / Biologica Monteverde, Eladio’s, 830m, 25–28/ OCT 2005 [25–28.x.2005], J. Azofeita, M. Moraga, M. Solis, B./ Gamboa, R. Libre [leg.], L_N_255256_458014, #84817”/ “INB0003978524/ MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA ”/ “ Holotype ” [red label] (MNCR).</p><p>PARATYPES (9 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀): Colombia: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 35E), 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 8D, 14D, 35B, D, F): “3000’, Rio Pance / 10mi. SW. Cali, Valle / Colombia, vii.14, 1970 [14.vii.1970]/ H. &amp; A. Howden [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (CNC) ; 1 ♀: “ Co [Colombia], Ant., Rionegro / Br. San Antonio de Pereira / Domicilio / Manual / 2100 msnm/ Abril /2010 [iv.2010]/ Leidy Jurado [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (CEUA) ; 1 ♀: “ Colombia, Ant. / Queb. Honda, 1450 m / 12 Km, SW. Fredonia / 3–4 March 1984 [3–4.iii.1984]/ C.M. &amp; O.S. Flint Jr ”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) ; Costa Rica: 1 ♂ [dissected]: “1 Km S. O. del Cerro Bioley, Sector / Altamira, Buenos Aires, Prov. Punta. / Costa Rica, 1150–1350 m, Oct. 1994 [x.1994], Z./ Fuentes [leg.], L S 331500_571700, #3300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 111019”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Est. Pitilla, 700 m, 9 Km S./ Sta. Cecilia, P. N. Guanacaste / Prov. Guan., Costa / Rica, P. Rios [leg.], Ago 1991 [viii.1991]/ L-N-330200, 380200”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 608329”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Manzanillo, 0–100 m, RFNS/ Gandoca y Manzanillo, Prov. / Limón, Costa Rica, 6 a 27 ene/ 1993 [6–27.i.1993], K. Taylor [leg.]/ L-S-398100, 610600”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 997693”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Vuelta campana, R./ Terraba, 100–500 m, Rey / Curre, Prov. Puntarenas / Costa Rica, 10 a 30 set/ 1992 [10–30.ix.1992], S. Rojas [leg.]/ L-S 825700, 544300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 869856”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela, Upala / Bijagua, Albergue Heliconias, Send. / Heliconias, 700 m, 6–9 ABR 2000 [6–9.iv.2000], J./ D. Gutiérrez [leg.], de Luz [on light]/ L N 299800, 423800, # 56251”/ “INB0003083469/ MNCR- CRI, COSTA RICA ”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♂: “ Sect. San Ramón de Dos Rios, Prov. / Alaju., Costa Rica, 620 m, 18/ MAR—13 ABR 1995 [18.iii–13.iv.1995], F.A. Quesada [leg.]/ L_N_318100_381900, #5274”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 246203”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Estac. Pitilla, 700 m, 9 Km / S. Santa Cecilia, Guanac. / Pr., Costa Rica, Jul. 1988 [vii.1988]/ GNP Biodiversity Syrvey/ W85 o 25’40”, N10 o 59’26””/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 051086”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Est. Queb. Bonita, 50 m / Res. Biol. Carara, Prov. / Punt., Costa Rica / E. Bello [leg.], Jun 1990 [vi.1990]/ L-N-194500, 469850”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 245769”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR) ; 1 ♀: “ Higuito / San Mateo, CR [ Costa Rica]”/ “ Pablo Schild coll.”/ “ Ormia busckii Towns [handwriting]/ det. JRMalloch” (USNM) . Panama: 1 ♂ [dissected]: “El Valle, Pan / 1–6–54 [6.i.1954]/ F.S. Blanton [leg.]/ Light”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) ; 1 ♀: “ Barro Colorado / Pan / R.C. Shannon [leg.]/ vii.8.23 [8.vii.1923]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) ; 1 ♀: “ Panama / E.C. Broadhead [leg.]/ BM. 1991–30”/ “Collected by E.B. [leg.]/ Panama, Mar 18 [iii.1918, handwriting]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (NHMUK) ; 1 ♀: “ Rio Hato, Coclé / Prov., Panama / xi–8 1952 [8.xi.1952]”/ “ F.S. Blanton / Collector [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) ; 1 ♀: “ Panama, Barro / Colorado Isl., 10–20.iv.65 [1965]/ S.S. &amp; W.D. Duckworth [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) . Venezuela: 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Venezuela, Aragua / Rancho Grande / 1100 m, 1.viii.74 [1974]”/ “ J.L. Garcia col. [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA) ; 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Venezuela / Ran- cho Grande / 1100 mts/ 14.xii.1949 / H.E. Box / &amp; Guaglinmi [leg.]”/ “”Press by/ Com Inst Ent/ B M 1951–590”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (NHMUK) .</p><p>Type locality. Costa Rica, Alajuela, Reserva Biológica Bosque Nuboso Monteverde.</p><p>Distribution. Colombia (departments of Antioquia and Valle del Cauca), Costa Rica (provinces of Alajuela, Guanacaste, Limón and Puntarenas), Panama (provinces of Coclé, Panama and Panama Oeste) and Venezuela (state of Aragua).</p><p>Etymology. The name is a tribute to the dipterist Omar Tavares, for his important contributions to the taxonomy of Neotropical Ormiini . The name is a noun in the genitive case.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia tavaresi sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 6E, 8D); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; scutum and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10E, 12E, 14D); wing hyaline (Fig. 35G); anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin (Fig. 41C); and apex of male cerci about 3/5 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view and about 1/2 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia tavaresi sp. nov., O. causeyi and O. chapulini sp. nov. share a hyaline wing and a darker body color, but they can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters (Figs 41C, 38B, 42A, respectively). The shape of the male cerci of O. busckii (Fig. 38A) is similar to that in O. tavaresi sp. nov., but O. busckii can be easily distinguished by its brown body with yellow pruinosity (Figs 9A, 11A, 13A), clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane (Fig. 5A, 7A), ocellar triangle bare (Fig. 15 C–D), and anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin (Fig. 38A).</p><p>Description. Male. Body length 5.54–7.09 mm (mean = 6.16 mm); wing length 5.78–7.78 mm (6.54 mm) (n = 10).</p><p>Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6E). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brown. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10E, 12E). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing hyaline (Fig. 35G). Tegula dark brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins dark brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 6E, 35A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.75. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker.Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.5 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.4 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.2 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.44 times as high as wide (Fig. 35E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.90 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 6–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 1–3 dorsal and 2–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 9–12 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 11–12 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 9–12 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 41C). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium broad, posterior margin at same level as anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds; posterior inner surface with few strong setae medially. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 3/5 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite of same thickness over its entire length, apex rounded in lateral view.</p><p>Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.00– 7.55 mm (mean = 6.71 mm); wing length 6.53–8.51 mm (mean = 7.45 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 8D, 35B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.4 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.60 times as high as wide (Fig. 35F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.80 times as high as wide.</p><p>Remarks. The females were associated with the males by being from the same locality. Ormiophasia tavaresi sp. nov. is the darkest species of the genus. Although it is similar to O. causeyi and O. chapulini sp. nov., these three species can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters. The width of the apex of the male cerci is narrow in O. causeyi, intermediate in O. tavaresi sp. nov. and broad in O. chapulini sp. nov. Ormiophasia tavaresi sp. nov. seems to be restricted to southern Central America and northern South America.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC.text	03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia chapulini Gudin & Nihei 2019	<div><p>Ormiophasia chapulini sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 6F, 8E, 10F, 12F, 14E, 36, 42A)</p><p>Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6F, 10F, 12F, 36A, C, F): “ MEX: Veracruz, UNAM/ Los Tuxtlas Estac./ Biol., N Catemaco [municipality of Veracruz]/ 16–19, Sept. 1989 / E Barrera, TJ Henry/ &amp; IM Kerzhner colls.”/ “ Holotype ” [red label] (USNM).</p><p>PARATYPES (4 ♂♂, 1 ♀): Costa Rica: 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Est. Agujas, Send. El Río, 300 m / 6–12 ENE 1998 [6–12.i.1998], M. Lobo [leg.]/ L_S_276750_526550, #49738”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 412248”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); Mexico : 3 ♂♂ [two dissected, one photographed] (Fig. 36E), 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 8E, 14E, 36B, D): “ MEX, Veracruz, UNAM/ Los Tuxtlas Estac. / Biol., N Catemaco / 16–19 Sept. 1989 [16–19.ix.1989]/ E. Barrera, T.J. Henry / &amp; I.M. Kerzhner colls. [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM) .</p><p>Type locality. Mexico, Veracruz, Veracruz, Estación de Biología Tropical “Los Tuxtlas” .</p><p>Distribution. Costa Rica (province of Puntarenas) and Mexico (state of Veracruz).</p><p>Etymology. The name is a tribute to one of the most iconic characters that has captivated the whole of Latin America, “El Chapulín Colorado ”, created by the spectacular Mexican actor Roberto Gómez Bolaños. The name is a noun in the genitive case.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia chapulini sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 6F, 8E); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; scutum dark brown, contrasting with brown postpronotal lobe (Figs 10F, 12F, 14E); wing hyaline (Fig. 36F); and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci (Fig. 42A), subquadrate in posterior view and more than 1/2 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia chapulini sp. nov., O. causeyi and O. tavaresi sp. nov. share hyaline wing and darker body color, but they can be clearly distinguished by examining the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters (Figs 42A, 38B, 41C, respectively). Female specimens of O. chapulini sp. nov. and O. causeyi are hard to discriminate, but O. chapulini sp. nov. usually has a bare (Fig. 36 A–B) rather than plumose (Fig. 17 A–B) arista.</p><p>Description. Male. Body length 6.84–6.97 mm (mean = 6.91 mm); wing length 6.91–7.14 mm (7.04 mm) (n = 4).</p><p>Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6F). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto–orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brown. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Fig. 10F, 12F). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brown. Scutellum dark brown. Subscutellum brown. Wing hyaline (Fig. 36F). Tegula brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs brown. Abdomen entirely brown with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 6F, 36A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.75. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2–3. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker.Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.4 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.36 times as high as wide (Fig. 36E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.55 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 8 setae. Meral setae 9–10. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2–4 dorsal and 2–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 11–13 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 15–16 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13–14 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 42A). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view, thick and tapered in lateral view; apex more than 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface slightly V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view.</p><p>Female. Differs from male as follows Body length 6.96 mm; wing length 7.94 mm (n = 1). Head (Figs 8E, 36B, D). Ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.9 times longer than pedicel. Facial ridge 2.1 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Remarks. The female was associated with the males by being from the same locality. Description of the female prothorax was not possible, since there was only one specimen available for study. Although O. chapulini sp. nov. is similar to O. causeyi and O. tavaresi sp. nov., these three species can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters. Among the three species, the width of apex of male cerci is the broadest in O. chapulini sp. nov. The new species seems to be restricted to Central America, from Costa Rica to Southeast Mexico, which is so far the northernmost limit of the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144.text	03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia buoculus Gudin & Nihei 2019	<div><p>Ormiophasia buoculus sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 6G, 10G, 12G, 37A, C, E, G, 42B)</p><p>Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6G, 10G, 12G, 37A, C, G): “ Venezuela: T. F. Amaz. / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.162224&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.8333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.162224/lat 0.8333333)">Cerro de la Neblina</a> / Basecamp. 0 o 50’ N / 66º 9’ 44” W. 155 m / Canopy, 23–29Feb.1984 / D. Davis &amp; T. McCabe [leg.]”/ “ Holotype ” [red label] (USNM).</p><p>PARATYPES (3 ♂♂): Venezuela: 2 ♂♂ [one dissected, one photographed] (Fig. 37E): “ Venezuela, T. F. Amaz. / Cerro de la Neblina/ Basecamp, 0 o 50’N / 66º9’44”W, 155 m / Canopy 23–29Feb.1984 [23–29.ii.1984]/ D. Davis &amp; T. McCabe [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM); 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Venezuela, Bolívar / carret. Caicara, San / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.162224&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.8333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.162224/lat 0.8333333)">Juan de Manapiare</a> / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.162224&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.8333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.162224/lat 0.8333333)">Km</a> 170, 300 m / 21–30.xii.1973 ”/ “ Ormia [handwriting]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA) .</p><p>Type locality. Venezuela, Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina.</p><p>Distribution. Venezuela (states of Amazonas and Bolívar).</p><p>Etymology. The name refers to the conspicuous size of the dorsal ommatidia of the male, from the Latin “ bu ” = large and “ oculus ” = eye.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia buoculus sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Fig. 6G); ocelli smaller than dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 37C); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10G, 12G); wing with strong infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 and weak infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 37G); and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci (Fig. 42B), rounded in posterior view and 2/5 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia buoculus sp. nov. is very similar to O. morardi, from which it is distinguishable only in the male sex. Males of O. buoculus sp. nov. have a very constricted ocellar triangle, not visible in profile (Fig. 37A), and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (37C), whereas males of O. morardi have ocellar triangle visible in profile (Fig. 28A) and ocelli 1.5 times the size of the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 28C). The distinct male head of O. buoculus sp. nov. resembles that of O. townsendi sp. nov., but this last species differs by its lighter body color (Figs 10H, 12H) and completely different shape of the cerci and surstylus (Fig. 42C).</p><p>Description. Male. Body length 7.12–7.34 mm (mean = 7.26 mm); wing length 7.40–8.24 mm (7.94 mm) (n = 3).</p><p>Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6G). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brownish-gray. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10G, 12G). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing with strong brown infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 37G). Tegula dark brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins dark brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs dark brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 6G, 37A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli smaller than dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 6–7, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.1 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.5 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.9 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.52 times as high as wide (Fig. 37E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.83 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 7–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, 2.6 times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 1–3 dorsal and 2–3 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 9–11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 10–15 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 11–15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 42C). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and pointed in lateral view; apex 2/5 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Remarks. For comments on similarities and differences between O. buoculus sp. nov. and O. morardi, see Remarks under O. morardi . Ormiophasia buoculus sp. nov. and O. townsendi sp. nov. are very different from other Ormiophasia species in the shape of the male head, with a very constricted ocellar triangle not visible in profile (Fig. 37 A–B) and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (37C–D). Ormiophasia buoculus sp. nov. seems to be restricted to Venezuela.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468.text	03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ormiophasia townsendi Gudin & Nihei 2019	<div><p>Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 6H, 10H, 12H, 37B, D, F, H, 42C)</p><p>Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6H, 10H, 12H, 37B, D, H): “ Brasil, AM, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.868645&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.3629723" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.868645/lat -7.3629723)">Ipixuna</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.868645&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.3629723" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.868645/lat -7.3629723)">Rio</a> / Liberdade, Estirão da Preta / 7º 21’ 46.7” S– 71º 52’ 07.1”W / 14.v.2011. 04:00-06:30 h”/ “Arm. Luminosa baixa [light trap]/ J.A. Rafael, J.T. Câmara, R.F./ Silva, A. Somavilla, C./ Gonçalves, A. Agudelo, leg.”/ “ Holotype ” [red label] (INPA).</p><p>PARATYPES (2 ♂♂): Brazil: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 37F): “Brasil, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.393333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.953611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.393333/lat -4.953611)">Pará</a> / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.393333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.953611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.393333/lat -4.953611)">Serra Norte</a> / N-1 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.393333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.953611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.393333/lat -4.953611)">Canga</a> / 29.i a 01.ii.1985 [29.i–1.ii.1985]”/ “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.393333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.953611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.393333/lat -4.953611)">Armadilha Suspensa</a>, 1–6 m [light trap, handwriting]”/ “MPEG DIP/ 12183349”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MPEG); 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Brasil, PA [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.393333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.953611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.393333/lat -4.953611)">Pará</a>], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.393333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.953611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.393333/lat -4.953611)">Abel Figueiredo</a> / Faz. [Farm] Juca Mahre / 4º57’13”S / 48º23’36”W / 28.i–06.ii.2010 / Nihei et al. leg.”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MZSP) .</p><p>Type locality. Brazil, Amazonas, Ipixuna.</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas and Pará).</p><p>Etymology. The name is a tribute to the dipterist Charles Henry Tyler Townsend, who described the genus Ormiophasia . The name is a noun in the genitive case.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with yellow pruinosity (Fig. 6H); ocelli smaller than dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 37D); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen brownish-yellow (Fig. 10H, 12H); wing with strong infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 and weak infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 37H); surstylus slender, with posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds (Fig. 42C); and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view and about 1/3 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. is very similar to O. seguyi sp. nov., from which it is distinguishable only in the male sex. Males of O. townsendi sp. nov. have a very constricted ocellar triangle, not visible in profile (Fig. 37B), and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 37D), whereas males of O. seguyi sp. nov. have ocellar triangle visible in profile (Fig. 32A) and ocelli twice the size of the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 32C). Additionally, O. seguyi sp. nov. also has surstylus and male cerci stouter (Fig. 40C) than O. townsendi sp. nov. The distinct male head of O. townsendi sp. nov. resembles that of O. buoculus sp. nov., but this last species differs by its darker body color (Figs 10G, 12G) and completely different shape of the cerci and surstylus (Fig. 42B).</p><p>Description. Male. Body length 6.47–7.03 mm (mean = 6.77 mm); wing length 7.49–7.65 mm (7.55 mm) (n = 3).</p><p>Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 6H). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10H, 12H). Scutum brownish-yellow; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing with strong brown infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2+3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 37H). Tegula and basicosta brownish-yellow. Veins brown. Halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen entirely brownish-yellow with silver pruinosity.</p><p>Head (Figs 6H, 37B, D). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli smaller than dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 1–2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 6–7, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 3 times as long as pedicel. Face 1.24 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial.</p><p>Thorax. Basisternum 0.46 times as high as wide (Fig. 37F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.74 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 8–9 setae. Meral setae 7–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, 3 times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 1–3 dorsal and 2–3 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14–17 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 2–3 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13–15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.</p><p>Terminalia (Fig. 42C). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes weakly pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin almost straight, not curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus slender, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Remarks. Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. and O. seguyi sp. nov. are very similar (see Remarks under O. seguyi sp. nov.). Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. and O. buoculus sp. nov. are very different from other Ormiophasia species because of the shape of the male head, with a very constricted ocellar triangle not visible in profile (Fig. 37 A–B) and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (37C–D). Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest. As its distribution overlaps with those of O. costalimai and O. inflata and all three species share a similar body color, it is possible to confuse them at first sight. However, they can be clearly distinguished by head, wing and male terminalia characters.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gudin, Filipe M.;Nihei, Silvio S.	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
