taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E98795FF971175FF53F8CCFA71C7DF.taxon	description	(1953: 181, as Ormiophasia, catalog); Tavares (1964: 38, comments on synonymy).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF971175FF53F8CCFA71C7DF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia resembles Ormia, sharing many characters with this genus, such as: occiput extremely concave, especially in females; presternum with a pair of pits on anterior surface (Fig. 1); anterior surface of distiphallus membranous (Figs 38 – 42); hypoproct with a lateral patch of very short, spiniform setae (Fig. 3 B); and female tergite six with a row of strong, posteriorly curved setae. However, although many authors have considered Ormiophasia and Ormia as synonyms, Ormiophasia can be clearly distinguished by its darker body color, varying between brownish-yellow, brown and dark brown (Figs 9 – 14) (Ormia species generally have a pale yellow body color); ocelli well developed (vestigial or missing in Ormia); one pair of presutural acrostichal setae (two to three pairs in Ormia); tegula of same color as body (Ormia usually with tegula black, contrasting with body color); male wing without callosities on veins C and R 2 + 3 (Ormia usually with callosities on C and R 2 + 3) (see Tavares 1962, 1965 a, 1965 b); male terminalia with apex of cerci broad, at least 1 / 3 of total width of cerci (Figs 38 – 42) (in Ormia the cerci are tapered apically, less than 1 / 3 of total width of cerci) (see Tavares 1962, 1965 a, 1965 b); and female terminalia with hypoproct bare, without setulae (Fig. 3 B, setulose in Ormia). Additionally, Ormiophasia also differs from other Ormiini genera by having head hemispherical in profile, with genal length not exceeding 0.2 times length of head; face developed, at least 1.1 times width of facial ridge; facial ridge broad but not exceeding 2.9 times width of parafacial; and male terminalia with cerci completely fused. Genus characterization. Both sexes. Head hemispherical in profile; oral axis shorter than antennal axis. Eye bare. Ocelli well developed. Antenna inserted in the middle of the eye, reaching halfway between lunule and lower facial margin; scape reduced, with row of marginal setulae; pedicel dorsally setulose, with one dorsal preapical seta; first flagellomere oblong; arista arising basally on dorsal surface, bare or weakly plumose, base pubescent and lightcolored, becoming tapered and darker distally. Fronto-orbital plate setulose to level of first anterior frontal seta. Parafacial bare. Facial ridge broad and subequal to facial length, setulose below vibrissa. Face slightly concave at vibrissal angle, with lower facial margin not visible in profile. Gena about 1 / 10 of head height, genal setae 4 – 5. Genal dilation setulose. Vibrissae strong and crossed, arising far above lower facial margin; supravibrissal setae 1 – 2, about 1 / 3 length of vibrissa; subvibrissal setae 3 – 4. Mouthparts well developed; clypeus globose; palpus developed, about 1.5 times length of prementum, clavate, covered with appressed setae from median area to apex; prementum setulose; labella padlike. Occiput covered with silver setulae, with row of short postocular setae; lower occipital area strongly concave. Thorax densely covered with black setulae. Presternum bilobed (Fig. 1), each lobe with a pit on anterior surface. Basisternum bare, inflated; ventral surface grooved medially. Prosternal tympanal membrane corrugated, with corrugation equally distributed across entire membrane. Acrostichal setae 1 + 2 – 3; dorsocentral setae 2 + 3; intra-alar setae 1 + 2; supra-alar setae 1 + 2 (first postsutural seta weak, about 1 / 2 length of second postsutural seta). Postpronotal setae 3, with inner seta weaker. Notopleural setae 2, equal-sized. Postalar setae 2, equal-sized. Proepisternal setae 1, strong, upcurved, with 1 – 3 weaker setae near base. Katepisternal setae 2, divergent. Anepimeral seta 1. Katepimeron, katatergite, anatergite and postalar wall bare. Scutellar setae strong, convergent; basal pair subequal to subapical pair; lateral pair 2 / 3 length of subapical pair, closer to basal pair; apical pair absent; discal pair half length of subapical pair, more widely separated than subapical setae. Wing. Tegula setulose, with 1 – 2 inner marginal setae. Cells sc, c and r 1 with light yellow infuscation. Vein C ending just after vein M 1, at wing apex. Cell r 4 + 5 open; length of opening subequal to or shorter than crossvein r-m. Vein M 1 arched towards apex; bend of vein M angular or rounded, sometimes with a short stem. Legs. Fore coxa with an outer row of 3 – 4 anterior setae followed by 4 – 6 marginal setae. Fore tibia with 1 posterodorsal preapical seta, 2 posteroventral median setae, 1 preapical seta and 1 ventral preapical seta. Mid femur with 1 strong anteromedian seta and 2 – 3 strong posterodorsal preapical setae. Mid tibia with 1 strong anterodorsal postmedian seta, 1 apical seta, 1 posterodorsal apical seta, 2 posteromedian setae, 1 weak apical seta, 1 posteroventral apical seta, 1 weak ventral apical seta and 1 strong anteroventral apical seta. Hind femur with row of 3 – 4 posterodorsal basal setae and row of 11 – 12 weak posterodorsal setae from middle to apex. Hind tibia with 2 anterodorsal median setae, 1 preapical seta, 1 weak ventral apical seta, 2 – 3 weak anteroventral median setae and 1 weak apical seta. Pulvilli light yellow. Claws brown, with apex black. Abdomen globose and widely connected with thorax, wider than long; densely covered with black setulae. Middorsal depression on syntergite 1 + 2 extending to hind margin of syntergite. Syntergite 1 + 2 and tergite 3 with one pair of marginal lateral setae. Tergite 4 with row of 8 – 10 marginal setae. Tergite 5 with row of 6 – 8 discal setae. Sternites visible, each with a weak row of marginal setae. Male. Head holoptic (Figs 5 – 6). Ocellar triangle constricted, tubercle-shaped. Dorsal ommatidia larger than peripheral ones. Thorax. Lateral cervical sclerite with external lobe oblong (e. g., Fig. 15 E). Basisternum less inflated than in female. Prosternal tympanal membrane reduced. Posterior spiracle with posterior lappet shaped as an operculum. Terminalia (Figs 3 A, 38 – 42). Sternite 5 with posterior margin bilobed, setulose posteriorly. Epandrium with dorsal surface covered with strong, upcurved setae. Surstylus not fused with epandrium; strongly arcuate mediad; posterior surface with a slight distal, median ridge; articulation with bacilliform sclerite rounded; articulation with epandrium tapered and narrow; inner surface covered with microtrichia. Connection of bacilliform sclerite to hypandrium broad, becoming tapered towards surstylus. Anterior margin of hypandrium slightly longer than phallapodeme; concave; posterior area weakly sclerotized; hypandrial arms not fused with each other or with aedeagus. Basiphallus connected directly to distiphallus at a 90 o angle; distiphallus simple, smooth, with anterior surface grooved. Phallapodeme flat, slender. Ejaculatory apodeme narrow, with posterior apex slightly broader. Pregonites flat, bare, slightly concave, not fused with each other and not fused with hypandrium; anterior margin broad, reaching lower posterior margin of hypandrium. Postgonite long, bare, rod-like, with rounded apex, almost reaching connection between basiphallus and distiphallus. Cerci fused, with apex broad and at least 1 / 3 of total length of cerci; covered with setae. Female. Head dichoptic (Figs 7 – 8). Ocellar triangle level with eyes, not protruding as a tubercle. Ommatidia all of the same size, not differentiated. One pair of inner vertical setae, strong and crossed, subequal to vibrissa. One pair of outer vertical setae, same size as inner vertical setae, divergent. One pair of upper orbital setae, divergent, half size of vertical setae. Two pairs of proclinate orbital setae. Thorax. Lateral cervical sclerite with external lobe extended and tapered at margin (e. g., Fig. 15 F). Basisternum very inflated, much more than in male. Prosternal tympanal membrane broad. Posterior spiracle with posterior lappet stylus- or plume-shaped (except operculum-shaped in O. lanei). Terminalia (Fig. 3 B). Tergite 6 broad, voluminous, setulose, separated into two equal-sized sclerites, bearing spiracles 6 and 7; inner margin with very strong, inward-curved setae. Tergite 7 absent. Tergite 8 developed, bare, separated into two equal-sized, concave sclerites. Epiproct (tergite 10), when present, represented by one pair of setae in membrane. Sternites 6, 7 and 8 each with a row of weak marginal setae. Hypoproct (sternite 10) bare; lateral surface with patch of very short, spiniform setae; ventral surface with longitudinal median row of short setae; posterior margin with row of slender, weak setae. Cerci free, not fused, with weak, slender marginal setae. Three equal-sized spermathechae, spherical, smooth.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF971175FF53F8CCFA71C7DF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The first four species included in Ormiophasia were based mainly on female specimens, which probably caused most of the confusion about the validity of the genus. The male and female terminalia had not been studied and described at that time, but they include important diagnostic characters for the genus. Aldrich (1922) and Curran (1934) treated Ormiophasia as a junior synonym of Ormia, without justification. Only Malloch (1929) made some considerations based on characters such as the width of the female frontal vitta, which is narrow in Ormiophasia. Townsend (1919: 164) had already mentioned this character when describing Ormiophasia, and Sabrosky (1953: 172) also used it to differentiate Ormia and Ormiophasia in his key. Ormia punctata Robineau- Desvoidy, examined by Malloch, clearly has frontal vitta broader than in other Ormiophasia species, but there are also other species of Ormia with a narrower frontal vitta. Townsend did not know males of Ormiophasia for a long time after the original description (Townsend 1927: 223, “ ♂ desconhecido [unknown] ”), until he included descrip- tions of male terminalia in his Manual of Myiology (Townsend 1936, 1938). These descriptions were superficial and incomplete, however, and relative to all Ormiini. In this context, the contributions and impact of the publications of Tavares (1962, 1964, 1965 a, 1965 b) on the taxonomy of New World Ormiini should be highlighted, since the male terminalia of a comprehensive number of species were described in detail for the first time. Furthermore, Tavares was the first to diagnose these genera based on male terminalia (Tavares 1965 a: 14). However, he described his species based only on males, without associating them with their respective females. The association of females with males and the dissections of female terminalia made in the present study have provided additional and valuable characters to differentiate Ormiophasia and Ormia. Some comments about Tavares’s holotypes are also warranted. The right wing, antenna and male terminalia of his type material were mounted on slides and linked with their respective specimens by a code (see Fig. 19 E). However, during the Brazilian military government (1964 – 1985), an event known as the “ Massacre de Manguinhos ” took place (Jurberg 1993; Costa et al. 2008). This episode, which occurred on April 1 st, 1970, greatly impacted the history of science in Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Unidade Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, where Omar Tavares had worked and where his holotypes are deposited. The term “ Massacre de Manguinhos ” was coined by helmintologist Herman Lent (Jurberg 1993), who worked for the same institute. The “ Manguinhos ” entomological collection is one of the most important historic scientific collections in Brazil. During the “ Massacre de Manguinhos ”, scientists were politically persecuted and the scientific collection was dismantled and transferred to another building inside the institute. The relocation of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz collection resulted in the loss of much of the material. Although Tavares’s holotypes are still in good condition, their respective slides were lost, probably during this episode. Only the slides of the male terminalia of the paratypes, housed in MZSP and USNM, are available for study. The type material of all nominal species of Ormiophasia was examined during this study. All of Séguy’s and Townsend’s holotypes are in good conditions of preservation (Figs 16, 24, 29, 30). The type specimens of Tavares (Figs 18, 20, 22, 25, 27) have damaged abdomens due to their dissection. The examination of type material allowed for a reliable identification of the material included in this study. Furthermore, as Sabrosky (1953: 173) remarked, Ormiophasia specimens exhibit a significant variation in body coloration, which ranges from brownish-yellow to almost black. The color and pruinosity of the head and thorax, and the male cerci and surstylus, were the most important characters supporting the description of the eight new species. So far, there are no known host records for any Ormiophasia species.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF981166FF53FDFDFBBEC370.taxon	description	(Figs 3 A, 4 A, 5 A, 7 A, 9 A, 11 A, 13 A, 15 – 16, 38 A)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF981166FF53FDFDFBBEC370.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ (Fig. 16): “ Cabima, Pan [Panama] / May 24.11 [1911] / August Busck [leg.] ” / “ TD 4418 [handwriting] ” / “ Type / No. [blank] / U. S. N. M. ” [red label] / “ Ormiophasia busckii T. / ♀ / Det CHTT ” (USNM). Additional material examined. Panama: 1 ♀, Arraijan, 24. vi. 1952, F. S. Blanton leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 10. v. 1926, C. T. Greene leg. (NHMUK); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 31. vii. 1940 [no collector] (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 1. i. 1941, Cooper leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 2. v. 1941, Jas Zetek leg., No. 4784 (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 2. v. 1941, Jas Zetek leg., No. 4784 (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, x. 1942, Jas Zetek leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 16. vi. 1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 30. vi. 1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer leg. (USNM); 1 ♂, 9 ♀♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 1 – 9. v. 1964, W. D. & S. S. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 10 – 17. v. 1964, W. D. & S. S. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 1 ♂ [dissected], 4 ♀♀ [one dissected], Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 5 – 10. iv. 1965, S. S. & W. D. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 18 ♀♀ [one dissected], Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 10 – 20. iv. 1965, S. S. & W. D. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5 A, 9 A, 11 A, 15 A, C, E, G), Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 12 – 14. iii. 1975, R. Silberglied leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Ca- nal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 17. iii. 1976, Silberglied & Aiello leg. (USNM); 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7 A, 13 A, 15 B, D, F), Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 31. iii. 1978, Silberglied & Aiello leg. (USNM); 1 ♂ [dissected], Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 17. iii. 1978, Silberglied & Aiello leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colo- rado Island, 22. iv. 1978, Silberglied & Aiello leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 21. vi. 1978, N. E. Woodley leg. (USNM); 2 ♀♀, Canal Zone, Navy Res., Nr. Gamboa, 29. iii. 1965, S. S. & W. D. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 2 ♀♀, Cerro Campana, Nr. chica, 2 – 5. iv. 1965, S. S. & W. D. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Potrerillos, 27. i. 1934, D. V. Brown leg. (USNM).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF981166FF53FDFDFBBEC370.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Panama (provinces of Chiriqui, Panama and Panama Oeste).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF981166FF53FDFDFBBEC370.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia busckii can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by ocellar triangle bare, without setulae (Fig. 15 C – D); head with yellow pruinosity (Figs 5 A, 7 A); body entirely brown with base of abdomen brownish-yellow (Figs 9 A, 11 A, 13 A); wing hyaline (Fig. 15 G); dorsal surface of epandrium broad with posterior margin inclined posteriorly, higher than anterior margin (Fig. 38 A); and apex of male cerci about 1 / 2 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, and little more than 1 / 3 of cerci width, abruptly constricted. The shape of the male cerci of O. busckii is similar to that in O. tavaresi sp. nov. (Fig. 41 C), but this last species can be easily distinguished by the darker body color (Figs 6 E, 8 D, 10 E, 14 D), silver pruinosity on the head, clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane, and anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin. The body color of O. obscura (Figs 9 H, 11 H) is similar to that of O. busckii, but O. obscura has a setulose ocellar triangle and head with silver pruinosity (Fig. 5 H).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF981166FF53FDFDFBBEC370.taxon	description	Description of male. Body length 7.68 – 8.41 mm (mean = 7.94 mm); wing length 7.63 – 8.49 mm (mean = 8 mm) (n = 6). Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 5 A). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9 A, 11 A). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe brownish-yellow. Lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum brown. Subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing hyaline (Fig. 15 G). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity. Sternites brownish-yellow. Head (Figs 5 A, 15 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.80. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 3. Frontal vitta obliterated. Frontal setae 7 – 8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere twice length of pedicel. Face 1.5 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.62 times as high as wide (Fig. 15 E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.79 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2 – 3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 6 – 9 setae. Meral setae 6 – 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 2 dorsal and 2 – 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10 – 11 dorsal setae and row of 12 – 15 posteroventral setae, distributed from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 basal posteroventral setae. Hind femur with row of 11 – 12 anterodorsal setae distributed from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 – 3 median posterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 38 A). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium broad, posterior margin inclined posteriorly, higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved, without a distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 2 total length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, thick and rounded in lateral view; apex a little more than 1 / 3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, of same thickness over its entire length; apex rounded in lateral view. Redescription of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 7.54 – 8.43 mm (mean = 8.07 mm); wing length 8.16 – 9.21 mm (mean = 8.82 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7 A, 15 B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to frontoorbital plate. Frontal setae 6 – 8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. Thorax. Basisternum 0.60 times as high as wide (Fig. 15 F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.84 times as high as wide.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF981166FF53FDFDFBBEC370.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The males were associated with the females both by being from the same locality and through body color and ocellar triangle bare. The male of O. busckii is described for the first time in the present study. In the original description, Townsend referred to O. busckii with “ ocellar bristles absent ” (Townsend 1919: 165). The term bristle, however, is dubious and can be associated both with setae or setulae. This confusion probably led Tavares to consider O. busckii as lacking ocellar setae in his key (Tavares 1964: 39). All Ormiophasia species have ocellar setae, but O. busckii is clearly distinguished by its bare ocellar triangle, i. e., without setulae, which can also be verified in the holotype (Fig. 16 A). Regarding its distribution, Malloch (1929) recorded O. busckii in Costa Rica (San José), Curran (1934) in Guyana (Kartabo) and Sabrosky (1953) in Panama, Costa Rica and Venezuela. This information led Nihei (2016) to infer the presence of O. busckii also in Colombia. However, Ormiophasia specimens from all these localities were examined and O. busckii seems to be restricted only to Panama. About Townsend’s synonymies (Townsend 1931), O. obscura is distinct from O. busckii, as already mentioned above, and the male terminalia of O. inflata are strikingly different (Fig. 39 B), which invalidates these nomenclatural acts.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8B1162FF53FA17FE58C4A0.taxon	description	(Figs 5 B, 7 B, 9 B, 11 B, 13 B, 17 – 18, 38 B)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8B1162FF53FA17FE58C4A0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 18): “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, compris- ing some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil] / Alt 400 m, 12 / 18 – I – 956 [1956.01.12 – 18] / L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col. ” / “ Ormiophasia causeyi / O. Tavares det. ” / “ Holotipo ” [red label] / “ N. 13.189 / DIP- TERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ” (CEIOC). Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Amazon River, [no date], H. W. Bates leg. (NHMUK); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Castanho-Careiro, AM 359 [highway] Km 39, 3 º 43 ’ 59 ” S 60 º 20 ’ 09 ” W, 6 – 7. xi. 2010, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Ipixuna, Gregório River, Com. Lago Grande, 7 º 10 ’ 11.7 ” S 70 º 49 ’ 10.3 ” W, 20. v. 2011, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Gregório River, Com. Lago Grande, 7 º 10 ’ 11.7 ” S 70 º 49 ’ 10.3 ” W, 22. v. 2011, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, AM 10 [high- way] Km 26, 20. ix. 1978, Arias leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ [dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 21 – 24. i. 2004, C. S. Mota et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], 2 ♀♀ [one photographed] (Figs 7 B, 13 B, 17 B, D, F), Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 18 – 21. ii. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 19 – 22. iii. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 18 – 21. v. 2004, A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5 B, 9 B, 11 B, 17 A, C, E, G), Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 16 – 19. vii. 2004, A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, 1. x. 2005, Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, AM 10 [highway] Km 50, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 4. iii. 2011, J. A. Rafael & R. F. Silva leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Novo Airão, Jaú River, Meriti, 4 – 10. vi. 1994, J. A. Rafael leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Novo Airão, AM 352 [highway] Km 10, 2 º 42 ’ 56.5 ” S 60 º 56 ’ 26.7 ” W, 29. viii. 2011, J. A. Rafael leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Novo Airão, AM 352 [highway] Km 10, 2 º 42 ’ 56.5 ” S 60 º 56 ’ 26.7 ” W, 30. viii. 2011, J. A. Rafael leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, National Park of Jaú, 1 º 54 ’ 27 ” S 61 º 35 ’ 10 ” W, 29. vii – 8. viii. 2001, Henriques & Vidal leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo, BR 174 [highway] Km 200, 27. i. 2006, J. A. Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♀, Pará, Altamira, Xingu River, 3 º 39 ’ S 52 º 22 ’ W, 2 – 8. x. 1986, P. Spangler & O. Flint leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Pará, Bragança, 06. ix. 1978 [no collector] (MPEG); 4 ♀♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 400 m, 12 – 18. i. 1956, L. Travas- sos & S. Oliveira leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♂ [dissected], Pará, São Miguel do Guamá, 26. ii. 1987, P. Tadeu leg. (MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Santarém, 15. x – 15. xi. 1966, O. H. Knowles leg. (NHMUK); 2 ♀♀, Rondônia, Monte Negro, SISBIOTA CNPq / FAPESP, 187 m, 10 º 16 ’ 35 ” S 63 º 20 ’ 40 ”, 3 – 15. xii. 2011, Amorim et al. (MZSP). Colombia: 1 ♀, Antioquia, Providencia, Aljibe, Providencia, 1. xii. 1970, Richar W. Pinger leg. (USNM). Ecuador: 1 ♀, Napo, Limoncocha, 8. vi. 1977, P. J. Spangler & D. R. Givens leg. (USNM). Guyana: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Kutari Sources, i – ii. 1936, G. A. Hudson leg. (NHMUK); 1 ♂, Upper Courantyne River, ix. 1935, G. A. Hudson leg. (NHMUK); 1 ♂, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo, Kanuku Mountains, Kumu River & Falls, 3 o 15.9 ’ N 59 o 43.5 ’ W, 28 – 30. iv. 1995, Wayne N. Mathis leg. (USNM). Peru: 2 ♀♀, Madre de Dios, Tambopata River, 290 m, 16 – 20. xi. 1979, J. B. Heppner leg. (USNM). Trinidad and Tobago: 1 ♂, Diego Martin, Saint George, Blue Basin Falls, 10 o 44 ’ N 61 o 32 ’ W, 21. vi. 1993, W. N. Mathis leg. (USNM). Venezuela: 1 ♀, Amazonas, Rio Negro, Baria River, 140 m, 0 o 55 ’ N 66 º 10 ’ W, 26. ii. 1984, C. Padilla leg. (MIZA); 1 ♀, Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100 m, 25 – 26. i. 1978, J. B. Heppner leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Bolivar, Santa Elena, El Dorado, Km 38, 160 m, 29. viii. 1957, F. Fernandez Y. & C. J. Rosales leg. (MIZA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina [near to Neblina], 760 m, 0 o 58 ’ N 65 º 57 ’ W, 15 – 18. iii. 1984, O. S. Flint Jr. leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Merida, Merida, 1. vi. 1976, A. S. Manke & D. Vincent (USNM); 1 ♀, Monagas, Caripitos, [no date], P. Anduze (USNM); 1 ♀, Monagas, Jusepin, 20. x. 1965, F. Fernandez Y. & C. J. Rosales leg. (MIZA).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8B1162FF53FA17FE58C4A0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia), Colombia (department of Antioquia), Ecuador (region of Napo), Guyana (region of Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo), Peru (department of Madre de Dios), Trinidad and Tobago (region of Diego Martin) and Venezuela (states of Amazonas, Aragua, Bolivar, Merida and Monagas).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8B1162FF53FA17FE58C4A0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia causeyi can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane (Fig. 5 B, 7 B); head with silver pruinosity; scutum dark brown, contrasting with brown postpronotal lobe (9 B, 11 B and 13 B); wing hyaline (Fig. 17 G); and apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci (Fig. 38 B), rounded in posterior view and 1 / 3 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia causeyi, O. tavaresi sp. nov. and O. chapulini sp. nov. share a hyaline wing and darker body color, but can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters. Of these three species, O. causeyi is the one with the narrowest apex of cerci (see Figs 38 B, 41 C, 42 A). Female specimens of O. causeyi and O. chapulini sp. nov. are difficult to discriminate, but O. causeyi usually has arista weakly plumose (Fig. 17 B) rather than bare (Fig. 36 B).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8B1162FF53FA17FE58C4A0.taxon	description	Redescription of male. Body length 6.50 – 8.08 mm (mean = 7.25 mm); wing length 6.55 – 8.60 mm (7.37 mm) (n = 10). Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 5 B). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brown. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown) and palpus (light brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9 B, 11 B). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brown. Scutellum brown. Subscutellum dark brown. Wing hyaline. Tegula dark brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins dark brown. Halter and calypteres light brown. Legs brown. Abdomen entirely brown with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 5 B, 17 A, C). Circular in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 1.00. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely or partially obliterated, subequal in width to ocellar triangle. Frontal setae 7 – 10, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 1.5 times longer than pedicel. Face subequal in width to facial ridge. Facial ridge 1.5 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.76 times as high as wide (Fig. 17 E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.75 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2 – 3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 – 2 weak setae, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 6 – 8 setae. Meral setae 6 – 9. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 2 dorsal and 2 – 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 11 – 13 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 12 – 16 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of four equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13 – 15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 – 3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 38 B). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex 1 / 3 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface slightly U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered and rounded in lateral view. Description of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.25 – 8.83 mm (mean = 7.29 mm); wing length 6.91 – 9.23 mm (mean = 7.75 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7 B, 17 B, D). Subtrapezoidal in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.75. Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 7 – 10, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.7 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.4 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 1.8 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.63 times as high as wide (Fig. 17 F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.70 times as high as wide. Wing 2.8 times longer than wide.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8B1162FF53FA17FE58C4A0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The females were associated with the males by being from the same locality. The female of O. causeyi is described for the first time in the present study. In his key, Tavares (1964: 39) assigned to O. causeyi a dark scutum (“ mesonoto enegrecido ”). This was a valid diagnostic character when compared to the species available at the time. Ormiophasia morardi also has a dark scutum, but the holotype was not examined by Tavares. Along with these species there are also five new species with a dark scutum (O. crassivena sp. nov., O. manguinhos sp. nov., O. tavaresi sp. nov., O. chapulini sp. nov. and O. buoculus sp. nov.). Therefore, the main diagnostic character of O. causeyi is not the color of the scutum but the shape of the male cerci. Ormiophasia causeyi seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8F1161FF53FD27FBB6C058.taxon	description	(Figs 5 C, 7 C, 9 C, 11 C, 13 C, 19 – 20, 38 C)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8F1161FF53FD27FBB6C058.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 20): “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, compris- ing some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil] / Alt 400 m, 12 / 18 – I – 956 [1956.01.12 – 18] / L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col. ” / “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det. ” / “ Holotipo ” [red label] / “ N. 13.190 / DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ” (CEIOC). PARATYPES: Brazil: 1 ♂: “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det. ” / “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil] / Alt 400 m, 12 / 18 – I – 956 [1956.01.12 – 18] / L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col. ” / “ Paratypus [pink label] ” / “ N. 13.194 / DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ” (MZSP); 1 ♂: “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil] / Alt 400 m, 12 / 18 – I – 956 [1956.01.12 – 18] / L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col. ” / “ Paratypus [pink label] ” / “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det. ” (MZSP); 1 ♂: “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det. ” / “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil] / Alt 400 m, 14 / 21 – IX – 956 [1956.10.14 – 21] / L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col. ” / “ Paratypus [pink label] ” / “ N. 13.196 / DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ” / “ Ormia costalimai (Tavares) / det Sabrosky ” (MZSP). Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♀, Amazonas, Carauari, 5 º 05 ’ 31 ” S 67 º 1 - ‘ 03 ” W, vii. 2005, A. Hen- riques & Xavier-Filho leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Cuipiranga, Nhamundá River, 22 m, 1 º 53 ’ 58 ” S 57 º 02 ’ 59 ” W, 20 – 23. v. 2008, J. A. Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Liberdade River, Estirão da Preta, 7 º 21 ’ 46.7 ” S 71 º 52 ’ 07.1 ” W, 13. v. 2011, J. A. Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Liberdade River, Estirão da Preta, 7 º 10 ’ 11.7 ” S 71 º 49 ’ 10.3 ” W, 23. v. 2011, J. A. Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Gregório River, Com. Lago Grande, 7 º 10 ’ 11.7 ” S 70 º 49 ’ 10.3 ” W, 23. v. 2011, J. A. Rafael et al. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Itapiranga, AM 363 [highway] Km 111, 02 º 42 ’ 57 ” S 58 º 00 ’ 46 ” W, 8 – 9. x. 2010, R. Machado et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], Ama- zonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 26. x. 2003, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 18 – 21. ii. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 19 – 22. iii. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected, one photographed] (Figs 5 C, 9 C, 11 C, 19 A, C, E, G), Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 16 – 19. iv. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7 C, 13 C, 19 B, D, F), Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 18 – 21. v. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 16 – 19. vii. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 13 – 16. viii. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♀♀ [one dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 12 – 15. x. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, 1. xi. 2005, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 34, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 37 ” S 60 º 12 ’ 39 ” W, 9 – 10. vii. 2008, J. A. Rafael & F. F. Xavier leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Maturacá, Negro River, 17. xii. 1962, J. & B. Bechyné leg. (MPEG); 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo, Com. São Francisco, AM 240 [highway] Km 24, 2 º 01 ’ 05 ” S 59 º 49 ’ 59 ” W, 26. vii – 3. viii. 2005, F. F. Xavier et al. (INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], 1 ♀, Mato Grosso, Jacaré, National Park of Xingu, xi. 1961, Alvarenga & Werner leg. (MZSP); 1 ♂ [dissected], Pará, Altamira, Xingu River, 3 º 39 ’ S 52 º 22 ’ W, 2 – 8. x. 1986, P. Spangler & O. Flint leg. (USNM); 3 ♀♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 400 m, 14 – 21. ix. 1955, L. Travassos & S. Oliveira leg. (CEIOC); 4 ♀♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 400 m, 12 – 18. i. 1956, L. Travassos & S. Oliveira leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Pará, São Geraldo do Araguaia, Serra das Andorinhas, 6 º 12 ’ 58.8 ” S 48 º 26.1 ’ 01.6 ” W, 1 – 10. xii. 2001, L. S. Gorayeb et al. leg. (MPEG). Colombia: 1 ♀, [as Columbien], 1931, E. Pehltke S. leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Valle del Cauca, E. of Buenaventura, Dagua River, 17. ix. 1970, R. Dietz & H. Moore leg. (USNM). Ecuador: 1 ♀, Napo, Lago Agrio, 19. ix. 1975, Andrea Langley leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Pichincha, Santo Domingo, 22 – 28. vii. 1976, Jeffrey Cohen leg. (USNM). Guyana: 1 ♀, Mazaruni River, 20. viii. 1937, Richard & Smart leg. (NHMUK); 1 ♀, 1953, A. H. Bastley leg. (NHMUK). Peru: 1 ♀, Junín, Satipo, xii. 1948, P. Paprzycki leg. (USNM). Suriname: 1 ♀, Marowijne, Anapaike, Lawa River, xi. 1963, B. Malkin leg. (CEIOC). Venezuela: 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina [near to Neblina], 140 m, 0 o 50 ’ N 66 º 10 ’ W, 21 – 28. ii. 1985, P. J. & P. M. Spangler et al.. leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100 m, 19. xi. 1952, F. Fernandez Yepez leg. (MIZA); 1 ♀, Barinas, 15 Km SW. of Barinitas, 25. ii. 1969, Duckworth & Dietz leg. (USNM).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8F1161FF53FD27FBB6C058.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso and Pará), Colombia (department of Valle del Cauca), Ecuador (regions of Napo and Pichincha), Guyana, Peru (department of Junín), Suriname (district of Marowijne) and Venezuela (states of Amazonas, Aragua and Barinas).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8F1161FF53FD27FBB6C058.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia costalimai can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with yellow pruinosity (Figs 5 C, 7 C); body brownish-yellow (Figs 9 C, 11 C, 13 C); wing hyaline (Fig. 19 G); and apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci (Fig. 38 C), rounded in posterior view and 1 / 3 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia costalimai is very similar to O. inflata externally, although the male cerci and surstylus are very different. Usually, O. inflata (Fig. 9 E, 11 E, 13 E) is stouter than O. costalimai. Additionally, the female head of O. costalimai is usually elliptic in frontal view (Fig. 7 C), rather than subtrapezoidal (Fig. 7 E).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8F1161FF53FD27FBB6C058.taxon	description	Redescription of male. Body length 7.07 – 8.66 mm (mean = 7.54 mm); wing length 6.98 – 8.52 mm (7.39 mm) (n = 6). Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 5 C). Frontal vitta and ocellar triangle brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownishyellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9 C, 11 C). Scutum brownish-yellow to light brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe, lateral surface of thorax, scutellum and subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing hyaline. Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen entirely brownish-yellow with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 5 C, 19 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.80. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 1 – 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7 – 8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere twice length of pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.6 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.52 times as high as wide (Fig. 19 E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.76 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2 – 3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 – 2 weak setae, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 – 8 setae. Meral setae 6 – 9. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 2 – 3 dorsal and 2 – 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10 – 11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14 – 17 setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13 – 15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 – 3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 38 C). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes weakly pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, round- ed arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, thick and rounded in lateral view; apex 1 / 3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view. Description of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.10 – 8.52 mm (mean = 7.32 mm); wing length 6.51 – 9.09 mm (mean = 7.80 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7 C, 19 B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to frontoorbital plate. Frontal setae 8 – 9, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. Thorax. Basisternum 0.48 times as high as wide (Fig. 19 F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.76 times as high as wide. Wing 2.8 times longer than wide.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8F1161FF53FD27FBB6C058.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The females were associated with the males by being from the same locality. The female of O. costalimai is described for the first time in the present study. In his key, Tavares made a confusion when assigning diagnostic characters to O. costalimai and O. travassosi (interpreted in the present revision as a junior synonym of O. inflata) (Tavares 1964: 39). Tavares (1964) assigned to O. costalimai surstylus (“ forcipes inferiores ”) with higher density of setae, mentioning that O. travassosi lacked this character. However, the drawings of the male terminalia of both species show exactly the opposite. Ormiophasia inflata (Fig. 39 B) has a stouter and more setose surstylus than O. costalimai (Fig. 38 C). This can also be verified in the male terminalia, mounted on slides, of paratypes of both species. Ormiophasia costalimai seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8C115DFF53F97FFBB2C6F0.taxon	description	(Figs 5 D, 7 D, 9 D, 11 D, 13 D, 21 – 22, 39 A)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8C115DFF53F97FFBB2C6F0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 22): “ Prov. Gavea [neighborhood of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, handwriting] / L. T. [Lauro Travassos] col., 9 – 933 [1933.09] ” / “ Ormiophasia cruzi / O. Tavares det. ” / “ Holotipo ” [red label] / “ N. 13.191 / DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ” (CEIOC). Additional material examined. Argentina: 1 ♀, Misiones, v. 1937, O. Staudinger & Bang-Haas leg. (CEIOC). Brazil: 1 ♀, Bahia, Ituberá, 1. vii. 2003, Vieira R. leg. (UEFS); 1 ♀, Espírito Santo, Itaunas, Engano Stream, 1944, Travasso & N. Santos leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Pará, Serra Norte, 22. x. 1984 [no collector], MPEG DIP 12183743 (MPEG); 1 ♀, Paraná, Foz do Iguaçú, 7. xii. 1966, D. Zoo. U. F. P. leg., DZUP 201397 (DZUP); 1 ♀, Paraná, Morretes, IAPAR, 28. vi. 1985, C. I. I. F. leg., DZUP 201363 (DZUP); 1 ♀, Paraná, Morretes, IAPAR, 21 – 27. viii. 1984, C. I. I. F. leg., DZUP 201366 (DZUP); 1 ♀, Paraná, São José dos Pinhais, BR 277 [highway] Km 54, 6. iv. 1985, C. I. I. F. leg., DZUP 201374 (DZUP); 2 ♀♀, Rio de Janeiro, Angra dos Reis, xii. 1932, L. T. leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7 D, 13 D, 21 B, D, F), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Corcovado, Paineiras, x. 1933, L. T. leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Santa Catarina, Rio das Antas, i. 1953, Camargo Andr. leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, São Paulo, Tamoio [highway], xii. 1944, M. P. Barreto leg. (MZSP); 1 ♂ [dissected and photographed] (Figs 5 D, 9 D, 11 D, 21 A, C, E, G), São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boraceia, 23 º 38 ’ 29 ” S 45 º 51 ’ 22 ” W, 21. iv. 2012, Gudin et al. leg. (MZSP). Panama: 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], 1 ♀, Coclé, El Valle, 6. i. 1954, F. S. Blanton leg. (USNM). Paraguay: 1 ♀, Coclé, Pastoreo, 3 – 6. i. 1972 [no collector] (MZSP).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8C115DFF53F97FFBB2C6F0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina (province of Misiones), Brazil (states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina e São Paulo), Panamá (region of Coclé) and Paraguay (region of Caazapá).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8C115DFF53F97FFBB2C6F0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia cruzi can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity of lower parts of head (Figs 5 D, 7 D); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; wing with weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 21 G); surstylus slender, with posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds (Fig. 39 A); and apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view and more than 1 / 2 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia lanei also shares with O. cruzi the shape and color of the head and contrast of pruinosity (Figs 5 F, 7 F). However, the former differs from the latter by clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane, wing hyaline (Fig. 26 E), surstylus strongly inflected (Fig. 39 C), and apex of male cerci 1 / 3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8C115DFF53F97FFBB2C6F0.taxon	description	Redescription of male. Body length 5.33 – 6.91 mm (mean = 6.05 mm); wing length 5.87 – 7.13 mm (6.49 mm) (n = 3). Coloration. Head yellow or silver-pruinose (Fig. 5 D). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Frontoorbital plate brownish-yellow to light brown. Lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow to light brown. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9 D, 11 D). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow to light brown. Scutellum and subscutellum brown. Wing with weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 21 G). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow to light brown. Legs brownish-yellow to light brown. Abdomen entirely brownish-yellow or light brown with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 5 D, 21 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.70. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7 – 8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere twice length of pedicel. Face 1.6 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.82 times as high as wide (Fig. 21 E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.69 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2 – 3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 – 8 setae. Meral setae 6 – 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 3 dorsal and 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 8 – 9 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 11 – 12 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 2 – 3 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 11 – 12 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 1 – 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 39 A). Sternite 5 subtriagular; lateral distal lobes weakly pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin at same level as anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus slender, less thick than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view, thick and tapered in lateral view; apex more than 1 / 2 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view. Description of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 5.94 – 7.47 mm (mean = 6.81 mm); wing length 6.27 – 8.55 mm (mean = 7.69 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7 D, 21 B, D). Frontal vitta twice width of fronto-orbital plate. Fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity on lower parts of head. Frontal setae 8 – 9, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.5 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.54 times as high as wide (Fig. 21 F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.79 times as high as wide. Wing 2.8 times longer than wide.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FF8C115DFF53F97FFBB2C6F0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The females were associated with the males through body color and head pruinosity. The female of O. cruzi is described for the first time in the present study. In his key, Tavares assigned to O. cruzi a strong infuscation around veins R 2 + 3, M 1 and dm-cu (Tavares 1964: 39), which is also present in the illustrations (Tavares 1964: 48) and mentioned in the original description (Tavares 1964: 49). This pattern of infuscation could cause some confusion in the identification of O. cruzi, because it is also present in O. morardi, O. seguyi sp. nov., O. buoculus sp. nov. and O. townsendi sp. nov. (Figs 28 G, 32 G, 37 G – H). However, this strong infuscation is not present in the holotype of O. cruzi or in any of the additional material examined. Ormiophasia cruzi has only a slight infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 21 G). Furthermore, Tavares (1964) also used the number of proepimeral setae in his key, but this character shows intraspecific variation. Regarding the distribution of O. cruzi, there is a huge gap between southeast South America and Panama. Although there is only one record from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, in Pará, it is likely that O. cruzi could have a continuous distribution from the Atlantic Forest to Panama. The male terminalia of specimens from both extremes are very similar, but the series from Panama is small. The specimens from Central America are usually darker than those from South America. This gap could indicate a mere lack of collecting or the existence of different isolated species with a similar morphology, which is the case of O. morardi / O. buoculus sp. nov. and O. crassivena sp. nov. / O. manguinhos sp. nov. Additional material, especially from Central America and northern South America, is required to clarify this question.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB01159FF53FE98FDC9C250.taxon	description	(Figs 3 B, 5 E, 7 E, 9 E, 11 E, 13 E, 23 – 25, 39 B)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB01159FF53FE98FDC9C250.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ of P. inflata (Fig. 24): “ Museum Paris / Guyane Française / Riv. de Kourou [handwriting] ” / “ Type ” [red label] / “ Ormia [sic] inflata Seguy, Type / E. Séguy det. 1925 ” / “ P. inflata, 111 ” (MNHN). HOLOTYPE ♂ of O. travassosi (Fig. 25): “ Pará [PA, state of Brazil] / Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará] / “ abril 1955 [1955.04] / Medeiros [leg.] ” / “ Ormiophasia travassosi / O. Tavares det. ” / “ Holotipo ” [red label] / “ N. 13.192 / DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ” (CEIOC). PARATYPES of O. travassosi: Brazil: 1 ♂: “ Ormiophasia travassosi / O. Tavares det. ” / “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil] / Alt 400 m, 14 / 21 – IX – 955 [1955.09.14 – 21] / L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col. ” / “ Paratypus [pink label] ” / “ N. 13.193 / DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ” (CEIOC); 1 ♂: “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará, comprising some municipalities of Pará], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil] / Alt 400 m, 12 / 18 – I – 956 [1956.01.12 – 18] / L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col. ” / “ Paratypus [pink label] ” / “ Ormiophasia travassosi / O. Tavares det. ” (CEIOC). Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♀, Amazon River, [no date], H. W. Bates leg. (NHMUK); 1 ♂ [dis- sected], Amazonas, Itapiranga, AM 363 [highway] Km 111, 2 º 42 ’ 57 ” S 58 º 00 ’ 46 ” W, 7. x. 2010, A. Agudelo et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 18 – 21. ii. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Novo Airão, 2 º 38 ’ 39 ” S 60 º 56 ’ 07 ” W, 28. viii. 2011, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Urubu River, BR 174 [highway], 22. v. 1982, I. S. Gorayeb leg. (MPEG); 1 ♂, Maranhão, Caxias, Inhamum [Ecological Station], 535 m, 4 º 54 ’ 39 ” S 43 º 25 ’ 16 ” W, 17. v. 2007, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Pará, Belém Instituto Agronômico do Norte, xi. 1959, L. Trav. et al. leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Pará, São Félix do Xingu, 29 – 30. ix. 1975, M. Boulard et al. leg. (MNHN); 1 ♂ [dissected], 2 ♀♀ [one dissected, one photographed] (Figs 7 E, 13 E, 23 B, D, F), Pará, Serra Norte, 22. x. 1984 [no collector], MPEG DIP 12183742 (MPEG). French Guiana: 1 ♀, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Sain-Jean du Maroni, 12. i. 1980, J. Boudinot leg. (MNHN). Trinidad and Tobago: 1 ♀, Port of Spain, 26. ii. 1960, T. H. G. Hitken leg. (USNM). Venezuela: 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5 E, 9 E, 11 E, 23 A, C, E, G), Amazonas, Puerto Ayacucho, 22 – 23. vi. 1984, L. J. Joly & T. J. Demarmels leg. (MIZA); 1 ♀, Carabobo, San Esteban, 1 – 6. i. 1940, P. Anduze leg. (USNM); 1 ♂ [dissected], 1 ♀, Monagas, Jusepin, 4. x. 1965, F. Fernandez et al. leg. (MIZA); 1 ♂ [dissected], 1 ♀, Monagas, Jusepin, 18. x. 1965, F. Fernandez et al. leg. (MIZA).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB01159FF53FE98FDC9C250.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Maranhão and Pará), French Guiana (commune of Saint-Laurent-du- Maroni), Trinidad and Tobago (region of Port of Spain) and Venezuela (states of Amazonas, Carabobo, Monagas and San Esteban).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB01159FF53FE98FDC9C250.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia inflata can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with yellow pruinosity (Figs 5 E, 7 E); body brownish-yellow (Figs 9 E, 11 E, 13 E); wing hyaline (Fig. 23 G); and apex of male cerci about 2 / 5 length of cerci (Fig. 39 B), rounded in posterior view and 3 / 5 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia inflata is externally very similar to O. costalimai, but male cerci and surstylus are very different. Usually, O. inflata is stouter than O. costalimai (Figs 9 C, 11 C, 13 C). Additionally, the female head of O. inflata is usually subtrapezoidal (Fig. 7 E) rather than elliptic (Fig. 7 C).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB01159FF53FE98FDC9C250.taxon	description	Redescription of male. Body length 7.63 – 9.09 mm (mean = 8.47 mm); wing length 7.20 – 9.23 mm (8.35 mm) (n = 7). Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 5 E). Frontal vitta light brown to brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9 E, 11 E). Scutum brownish-yellow to light brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing hyaline (Fig. 23 G). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 5 E, 23 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.80. Ocelli subequal to dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2 – 3. Frontal vitta entirely or partially obliterated, subequal in width to ocellar triangle. Frontal setae 7 – 9, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.4 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.2 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.3 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.40 times as high as wide (Fig. 23 E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.74 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2 – 3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 8 – 9 setae. Meral setae 8 – 10. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 3 – 4 dorsal and 3 – 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 13 – 15 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 15 – 20 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 – 5 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 17 – 19 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 – 3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 39 B). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes weakly pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process extending beyond ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds; posterior inner surface with few strong setae medially. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved; apex about 2 / 5 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, thick and tapered in lateral view; apex 3 / 5 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view. Redescription of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.92 – 8.37 mm (mean = 7.80 mm); wing length 7.82 – 9.72 mm (mean = 8.97 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7 E, 23 B, D). Frontal vitta twice width of fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6 – 8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.6 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.42 times as high as wide (Fig. 23 F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.67 times as high as wide.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB01159FF53FE98FDC9C250.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The males were associated with the females by being from the same locality. Tavares (1964) considered that O. inflata might be a species from a distinct genus related to Ormiophasia, due to characters present in the original description of Séguy such as the longer first flagellomere, four times as long of pedicel, the small ocelli and abdomen with one yellow dorsal median line (Tavares 1964: 38). However, the holotype of O. inflata has the first flagellomere three times as long as the pedicel (Fig. 24 B, F), ocelli well developed (Fig. 24 D) and abdomen entirely brownish-yellow (Fig. 24 A, C), which is also the case for the additional material examined. Furthermore, Tavares (1964) did not examine the holotype female of O. inflata and described O. travassosi based only on males. When examining the additional material, it was possible to identify female specimens through direct comparison with the holotype of O. inflata, due to the stoutness of the body (Figs 13 E, 24 A, C) and the subtrapezoidal shape of the head (Figs 7 E, 24 B). Some males were associated with these females and the male terminalia (Fig. 39 B) were compared to those of the type material of O. travassosi, which is how the correlation between these two taxa was established. We therefore propose the following synonymy: Ormiophasia travassosi Tavares, 1964 syn. nov. of Ormiophasia inflata (Séguy, 1927 b). The name “ Ormia inflata ”, which is written on the original label of P. inflata (Fig. 24 H), may be a previous and incorrect identification by Séguy, since it dates from 1925 and the original publication of P. inflata is posterior to this date. More comments on Tavares’s key relative to O. travassosi, and comparisons between O. inflata and O. costalimai, can be found in the Remarks under O. costalimai. Ormiophasia inflata seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB41154FF53FB77FDD3C23C.taxon	description	(Figs 5 F, 7 F, 9 F, 11 F, 13 F, 26 – 27, 39 C)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB41154FF53FB77FDD3C23C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 27): “ BR-SP, Salesópolis / Boracea, 850 m / v. 52 [1952.05] / L. Travassos F. [leg.] ” / “ Ormiophasia lanei / O. Tavares det. ” / “ Holotipo ” [red label] / “ N. 13.188 / DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ” (CEIOC). Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♂ [dissected], São Paulo, Barueri, 25. ii. 1966, K. Lenko leg. (MZSP); 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5 F, 9 F, 11 F, 26 A, C, E, F), São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boraceia, 850 m, 21 – 27. vi. 1949, L. Trav. & E. X. Rabello leg. (MZSP); 1 ♂ [dissected], São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Bi- ológica de Boraceia, 850 m, 10. iii. 1961, Rabello leg. (MZSP); 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7 F, 13 F, 26 B, D), São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boraceia, iv. 1962, N. Papavero leg. (MZSP); 1 ♂ [dissected], São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boraceia, 850 m, 17. x. 1963, Rabello & Medeiros leg. (MZSP).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB41154FF53FB77FDD3C23C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (state of São Paulo).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB41154FF53FB77FDD3C23C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia lanei can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity on lower parts of head (Figs 5 F, 7 F); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; wing hyaline (Fig. 26 F); surstylus slender (Fig. 39 C), strongly inflected, with posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds; and apex of male cerci about 1 / 4 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view and 1 / 3 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia cruzi also shares with O. lanei the shape and color of the head, with the contrast of pruinosity (Figs 5 D, 7 D). However, the former differs from the latter by clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane, wing weakly infuscated around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 21 G), surstylus slender with posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds (Fig. 39 A), and apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view and more than 1 / 2 width of cerci, gradually constricted.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB41154FF53FB77FDD3C23C.taxon	description	Redescription of male. Body length unavailable (specimens with distorted abdomen); wing length 7.84 – 8.83 mm (8.29 mm) (n = 4). Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose, except fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity on lower parts of head (Fig. 5 F). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule gray. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow, except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9 F, 11 F). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brown. Wing hyaline (Fig. 26 F). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownishyellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 5 F, 26 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.80. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 6 – 7, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.3 times as long as pedicel. Face 1.2 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.6 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.59 times as high as wide (26 E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.56 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 1, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 – 2 weak setae, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 6 – 8 setae. Meral setae 4 – 6. Wing. Three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 2 – 3 dorsal and 1 – 5 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10 – 11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14 – 15 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 3 – 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 12 – 14 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 1 – 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 39 C). Sternite 5 subquadrate; lateral distal lobes not pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process extending beyond ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin slightly higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus slender, strongly inflected, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 4 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex 1 / 3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface straight, without bend. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view. Description of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 8.11 mm; wing length 9.14 (n = 1). Head (Figs 7 F, 26 B, D). Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of fronto-orbital plate. Fronto-orbital plate with silver pruinosity, clearly contrasting with yellow pruinosity on lower parts of head. Frontal setae 8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.5 times as long as pedicel.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB41154FF53FB77FDD3C23C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The female was associated with the males both by being from the same locality and through color of clypeus and body, and head pruinosity. The female of O. lanei is described for the first time in the present study. Description of the female prothorax was not possible, since there was only one specimen for study and we decided to preserve it intact. As already observed by Tavares (1964: 41), the male terminalia of O. lanei are very distinct among species of the genus. The subquadrate shape of the cerci apex and the strong inflection of the surstylus are evident. Tavares also assigned to O. lanei the presence of two pairs of discal scutellar setae (Tavares 1964: 41), arising at the level of the subapical pair. However, this character is not present in the holotype and in the additional material examined, all of which have only one pair. Regarding its distribution, Ormiophasia lanei seems to be restricted to the Atlantic Forest of São Paulo state.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8.taxon	description	(Figs 5 G, 7 G, 9 G, 11 G, 13 G, 28 – 29, 40 A)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8.taxon	description	brosky (1953: 182; catalog); Tavares (1964: 38; comments on synonymy), Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ (Fig. 29): “ 934 ” / “ Guyane Françse [Française] / Noveau Chautier ” / “ Mu- seum Paris / Guyane Française / Coll. E. Séguy 1919 ” / “ Type ” / “ aile preparation, no 1291 [handwriting] ” / “ Pseudoneoptera morardi Seguy / Genotype / E. Seguy det. 19 ” / “ Type ” [red label] / “ P. morandi [misspelling], 112 ” (MNHN). Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♀, Amapá, Amapari River, 29. vi. 1959, I. Lane leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Amazon River, [no date], H. W. Bates leg. (NHMUK); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Castanho-Careiro, AM 359 [highway] Km 39, 3 º 43 ’ 59 ” S 60 º 20 ’ 09 ” W, 6 – 7. xi. 2010, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, vi. 1976, L. Albuquerque leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 26. x. 2003, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5 G, 9 G, 11 G, 28 A, C, E, G), 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7 G, 13 G, 28 B, D, F), Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 21 – 24. i. 2004, C. S. Mota et al. leg. (INPA); 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 18 – 21. ii. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 16 – 19. iv. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 3 ♀♀ [one dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2 º 35 ’ 21 ” S 60 º 06 ’ 55 ” W, 13 – 16. viii. 2004, J. A. Rafael et al. leg. (INPA); 1 ♀, Pará, Altamira, Xingu River, 3 º 39 ’ S 52 º 22 ’ W, 13 – 21. x. 1986, P. Spangler & O. Flint leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 6 – 14. vi. 1956, Travasso & Adão leg. (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Pará, Jambuaçú, Mojú, vii. 1967, E. P. D. Z. & M. G. leg. (MPEG). French Guiana: 1 ♀, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Saut-Maripa, Oyapock, 26. xi. 1969, Balachowsky & Gruner leg. (MNHN).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (states of Amapá, Amazonas and Pará) and French Guiana (region of Cuyuni-Mazaruni).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia morardi can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 5 G, 7 G); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 9 G, 11 G, 13 G); wing with strong infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 and weak infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 28 G); and apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci (Fig. 40 A), subquadrate in posterior view and 1 / 3 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia morardi is very similar to O. buoculus sp. nov., from which it is distinguishable only in the male sex. Males of O. morardi have ocellar triangle visible in profile (Fig. 28 A) and ocelli 1.5 times the size of the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 5 G), whereas males of O. buoculus sp. nov. have a very constricted ocellar triangle, not visible in profile (Fig. 37 A), and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 6 G).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8.taxon	description	Description of male. Body length 6.33 – 8.91 mm (mean = 7.14 mm); wing length 6.85 – 8.60 mm (7.34 mm) (n = 4). Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 5 G). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brownish-gray. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9 G, 11 G). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown to brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing with strong brown infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 28 G). Tegula dark brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins and halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs dark brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 5 G, 28 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.40. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7 – 9, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.1 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.5 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.6 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.66 times as high as wide (Fig. 28 E); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.67 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 – 8 setae. Meral setae 6 – 9. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 2 – 4 dorsal and 3 – 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 13 – 15 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14 – 17 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 – 5 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 12 – 14 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 – 3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 40 A). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds; posterior inner surface with few strong setae medially. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex 1 / 3 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view. Redescription of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.12 – 6.97 mm (mean = 6.66 mm); wing length 6.11 – 8.29 mm (mean = 7.25 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7 G, 28 B, D). Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of frontoorbital plate. Frontal setae 8 – 9, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.8 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.53 times as high as wide (Fig. 28 F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.78 times as high as wide. Wing 2.7 times longer than wide.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFB91153FF53FBA1FC47C0E8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The males were associated with the females both by being from the same locality and through body color and infuscation of wing. In the original description, Séguy (1926 b) mentioned the distinct infuscation of the wing (Fig. 29 G): “ Ailes fortement rembrunies le long du bord costal — une ombre plus pâle le long des nervures, surtout des deux grandes transverses ”. Neither Townsend nor Tavares referenced this character in their studies. Séguy also assigned to O. morardi microscopic ocelli, which is a clear characteristic of the male of O. buoculus sp. nov. (Fig. 37 C). However, it is not possible to know if this character is also present in females of O. buoculus sp. nov., since the female of this species remains unknown. Additionally, the holotype female of O. morardi does not present microscopic ocelli (Fig. 29 B, D), showing no conspicuous difference in ocelli size when compared to any other female of Ormiophasia. As already detailed above in the diagnosis, the distinction between O. morardi and O. buoculus sp. nov. is based only on male characters. Since there were no male specimens from French Guiana available for this study and it was not possible to associate any female to the males described as O. buoculus sp. nov., the association between males and females of O. morardi should be considered provisional. The male and female specimens described here as O. morardi were associated with each other because this was the only series with female specimens available for comparison with the holotype. Therefore, the association between this series and this nominal species was justified. However, due to the lack of complementary information regarding French Guiana specimens and females of O. buoculus sp. nov., this issue could not be solved in the present study. A similar situation occurred with O. seguyi sp. nov. and O. townsendi sp. nov., as discussed in their respective descriptions. Ormiophasia morardi seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBE1151FF53F8EFFDBAC3EC.taxon	description	(Figs 5 H, 9 H, 11 H, 30)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBE1151FF53F8EFFDBAC3EC.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 5 H, 9 H, 11 H, 30): “ Museum Paris / Républ. Argentine / Haut Pa- rana / Teju Cuare, pr. [near to] San Ignacio / E. R. Wagner [leg.] 1911 ” / “ Type ” / “ Plagiatormia obscura Seguy / Type / E. Séguy det. 1925 ” / “ P. obscura, 113 ” (MNHN).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBE1151FF53F8EFFDBAC3EC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina (department of San Ignacio).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBE1151FF53F8EFFDBAC3EC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia obscura can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Fig. 5 H); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; wing hyaline (Fig. 30 D); and thorax and abdomen brown (Fig. 9 H, 11 H). Ormiophasia obscura can be confused with O. busckii and O. cruzi because of the brown color of the body and the clypeus of the same color as the frontoclypeal membrane. However, O. obscura has ocellar triangle setulose (bare in O. busckii; Fig. 15 C – D) and does not have the contrast of head pruinosity (Figs 5 D, 7 D) and weakly infuscated wing (Fig. 21 G) of O. cruzi.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBE1151FF53F8EFFDBAC3EC.taxon	description	Redescription of male. Body length 6.98. Wing length 7.47 mm (n = 1). Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 5 H). Frontal vitta and ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brown. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brown. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming light brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9 H, 11 H). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brown. Scutellum and subscutellum brown. Wing hyaline. Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brown. Legs brown. Abdomen brown at base, becoming dark brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 5 H, 30 A – B). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.75. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.3 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.4 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.1 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.54 times as high as wide (Fig. 30 C); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.75 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 setae. Meral setae 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 2 dorsal and 2 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 3 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 3 posteroventral basal setae. Terminalia. Not dissected. Female. Unknown.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBE1151FF53F8EFFDBAC3EC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Due to the lack of examined material from Argentina it is not possible to make any advances in the taxonomy of O. obscura. The holotype male is the only specimen available and its terminalia could not be examined. It is possible, though, to refute the synonymy of O. obscura with O. busckii proposed by Townsend (1931), since O. obscura has a setulose ocellar triangle. Regarding the species of Ormiophasia with distribution closer to O. obscura, O. cruzi extends to Argentina, Misiones, and could be even interpreted morphologically as the same species as O. obscura. The contrast of pruinosity on the head is diagnostic for O. cruzi, but it is more visible in females, which are not known for O. obscura. Thus, the examination of male terminalia of O. obscura would be decisive to resolve this issue, but this necessitates additional material. Furthermore, the diagnostic character assigned to O. obscura by Séguy (1926 b: 20) in his key (bend of M rounded) is not reliable, since this character shows intraspecific variation in many Ormiophasia species.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090.taxon	description	(Figures 6 A, 7 H, 10 A, 12 A, 13 H, 31, 40 B)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6 A, 10 A, 12 A, 31 A, C, G): “ Est. [Station] Sirena, P. N. [National Park] Corcovado / 0 – 100 m., Prov. Punt. [Puntarenas] / Costa Rica, G. Fonseca [leg.] / Abr, 1991 [04.1991] / L-S- 270500, 508300 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 310832 ” / “ Holotype ” [red label] (MNCR). PARATYPES (11 ♂♂, 18 ♀♀): Colombia: 1 ♀: “ Aljibes, Providencia / c. 33 Km w. Zaragosa / Antioquia, Colombia / 11 – 23.1970 / Richard W. Pinger [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM). Costa Rica: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 31 E): “ Costa Rica, Prov. San José, Est. / Santa Elena, Las Nubes, 1210 m, 6 – / 10 ABR 1997 [6 – 10. iv. 1997], E. Alfaro [leg.], de Luz [on light] / L _ S _ 371750 _ 507800, # 46790 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 554419 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Est. Sirena, P. N. Corcovado / 0 – 100 m, Prov. Punt. / Costa Rica, N. Obando [leg.] / Jun 1990 [vi. 1990] / L-S- 270500, 508300 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 644138 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Est. Agujas, Río Agujas, 300 m / 11 – 27 JUL 1996 [11 – 27. vii. 1996], A. Azofeita / Collecta Nocturna / L _ S _ 276750 _ 526550, # 47856 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 573131 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Est. Pitilla, 700 m, 9 Km S / Sta. Cecilia, P. N. Guanacaste / Prov. Guanacaste / Costa Rica, 24 ago a 11 / set 1992 [24. viii – 11. ix. 1992], P. Rios [leg.] / L-N- 330200, 880200 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 831961 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Est. Que- brada Bonita / Cruce de quebradas / Res. Biol. Carara, Prov. / Punt., Costa Rica, E. / Quesada [leg.], 5 Nov – 13 Dic 1990 [5. xi – 13. xii. 1990] / L-N- 195500, 460400 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 302029 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Est. Quebrada Bonita / Cruce de quebradas / Res. Biol. Carara, Prov. / Punt., Costa Rica, E. / Quesada [leg.], 5 Nov – 13 Dic 1990 [5. xi – 13. xii. 1990] / L-N- 195500, 460400 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 302058 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Rancho Quemado, Peninsula / de Osa, 200 m, Prov. / Punt., Costa Rica / F. Quesada [leg.], Dic 1991 [xii. 1991] / L-S- 202500, 511000 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 342857 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Heredia, R. V. S. / Corredor Fronterizo, C. R. Nicaragua / Lagunas a la par de rio San Juan, 20 – 50 m / 16 Set 2004 [16. ix. 2004], B. Hernández [leg.], Tp. luz [light trap] / L _ N _ 306850 _ 519443, # 78168 ” / “ INB 0003884114 / MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas, P. N. / Corcovado, Sector La Leona, Cerro / Puma, 100 – 300 m, 27 JUN – 1 JUL 2003 [27. vi – 1. vii. 2003] / M. Moraga col. [leg.], Tp. luz [light trap] / L _ S _ 267700 _ 518900, # 74481 ” / “ INB 0003734315 / MN- CRCRI, COSTA RICA ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Limón, Amubri / 70 m, SET 1996 [ix. 1996], G. Gallardo [leg.] / L _ S _ 385000 _ 578100, # 8397 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 481479 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Monumento Nacional Guayabo, Prov. / Carta., Costa Rica, 1100 m, Nov 1994 [xi. 1994], G. / Fonseca [leg.], L N 217400 _ 570000, # 3287 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 093668 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7 H, 13 H, 31 B, D, F): “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100 m / R. Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy / Cerere, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, R. Guzman [leg.] / 28 – 12 abr 1992 [28 – 12. iv. 1992] / L-N- 184200, 643300 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 393313 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Sector Cer- ro Cocori, Fca / de E. Rojas, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, E. Rojas [leg.] / Nov 1990 [xi. 1990] / L-N- 286000, 567500 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 308171 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas, Finca / Cafrosa, Embalce, 800 m NO. de / Tigra, 1280 m, 10 – 29 JUL 1996 [19 – 29. vii. 1996], E. / Navarro [leg.], L _ S _ 317800 _ 596200 / # 8338 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 456315 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Amubri, Limón, Costa Rica, 70 m, DIC / 1995 [xii. 1995], G. Gallardo [leg.] / L _ S _ 385000 _ 578100 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 366102 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela / Sector Colonia Palmareña, 9 Km / SO. de Bajo Rodriguez, 700 m / MAY 1997 [v. 1997], K. Quesada / L _ N _ 245900 _ 475900, # 46264 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 568788 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Estación Altmira [Altamira], 1 Km S del Cerro / Biolley, 1450 m, 7 AGO – 7 SET / 1997 [7. viii – 7 ix. 1997], R. Villalobos [leg.], de Luz [on light] / L _ S _ 331700 _ 572100, # 47759 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 547744 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Rancho Quemado, 200 m / Pen- insula de Osa, Prov. / Puntarenas, Costa Rica / F. Quesada [leg.], Abr 1992 [iv. 1992] / L-S 292500, 511000 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 422355 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Estac. Quemada Bonita / 50 m, R. B. Carara, Puntarenas / Pr., Costa Rica / R. Zuniga [leg.], April 1989 [iv. 1989] / 194500, 469850 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 052552 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Est. Pailas, P. N. Rincón de la Vieja, A. / C. Guana- caste, Prov. Guana., Costa Rica / 800 m, 7 – 26 May 1994 [7 – 26. v. 1994], D. G. García [leg.], L N / 306300 _ 388600, # 2910 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 878774 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Rio San Lorenzo, 1050 m / Tierras Morenas, Z. P. / Tenoria, Prov. Guanacaste / Costa Rica, Ago 1992 [viii. 1992] / G. Rodriguez [leg.] / L-N 287800, 427600 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 378274 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ San Luís, Monteverde, Buen Amigo / Prov. Punta., Costa Rica / 1000 – 1350 m, NOV 1995 [x. 1995], Z. Fuentes [leg.] / L _ N _ 250850 _ 449250, # 6456 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 357983 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Lu- ces [captured on light] ” / “ Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela, San / Carlos, P. N. Arenal, Sector de la / Península, 600 m, MAR 1999 [iii. 1999], G. / Carballo [leg.] / L _ N _ 271500 _ 453800, # 57641 ” / “ INB 0003134164 / MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Est. Agujas, 300 m, 8 – 10 JUN / 1997 [8 – 10. vi. 1997], A. Azofeifa [leg.] / L _ S _ 276750 _ 526550, # 46854 ’ / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 566635 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Est. Las Pailas, P. N. Rincón de la Vieja / Prov. Guana., Costa Rica, 800 m, m 13 – 19 / Set 1993 [13 – 19. ix. 1993], K. Taylor [leg.] / L N 306300 _ 388600, # 2348 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 615737 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Hitoy Cerere, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 100 m, 24 Ago – 16 Set 1993 [24. viii – 16. ix. 1993], G. Carballo [leg.] / L N 643400 _ 184600, # 2341 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 137932 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Amubri, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 70 m, MAR 1995 [iii. 1995], G. Gallardo [leg.] / L S 385000 578100, # 4390 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 180779 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Estación Altmira [Altamira], 1 Km S del Cerro / Biolley, 1450 m, 7 AGO – 7 SET / 1997 [7. viii. 7. ix. 1997], R. Villalobos [leg.], de Luz [on light] / L _ S _ 331700 _ 572100, # 47759 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 547746 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Costa Rica, Cartago / Reserva Tapantí / Río Grande de Orosi / 9.686 N, 83.756 W / 7 – 8. vi. 1988, el. 1650 m / C. M. & O. S. Flint, Holzenthal [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM). Type locality. Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Osa Peninsula, Corcovado National Park.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Colombia (department of Antioquia) and Costa Rica (provinces of Alajuela, Cartago, Guanacaste, Heredia, Limón, Puntarenas and San José).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a tribute to the dipterist José Henrique Guimarães, for his important contributions to the taxonomy of Neotropical Tachinidae. The name is a noun in the genitive case.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia guimaraesi sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by ocellar triangle setulose (Figs 6 A, 7 H); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; scutum dark brown, contrasting with brownish-yellow lateral surface of thorax (Figs 10 A, 12 A, 13 H); wing hyaline (Fig. 31 G); surstylus stout (Fig. 40 B), with posterior outer surface entirely covered with strong setae and posterior inner surface covered with short setae medially; and apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view and 3 / 5 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia guimaraesi is very distinct from other Ormiophasia species, especially because of body color and male terminalia. Ormiophasia inflata also has stout male cerci and surstylus (Fig. 39 B), but the apex of cerci and body color are completely different.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090.taxon	description	Description. Male. Body length 6.99 – 9.28 mm (mean = 8.30 mm); wing length 8.02 – 9.49 mm (8.74 mm) (n = 10). Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose or silver (Fig. 6 A). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Frontoorbital plate brownish-yellow to light brown. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge and face brownish-yellow. Mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10 A, 12 A). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing hyaline. Tegula and basicosta brownish-yellow. Veins brownish-yellow to light brown. Halter and calypteres light brown. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming dark brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity. Sternites brownish-yellow. Head (Figs 6 A, 31 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.75. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2 – 4. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 5 – 9, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.4 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.1 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.75 times as high as wide (Fig. 31 E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.75 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2 – 3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 – 8 setae. Meral setae 5 – 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 2 – 4 dorsal and 3 – 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10 – 14 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14 – 17 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13 – 15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 – 3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 40 B). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin at same level as anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface entirely covered with strong setae; posterior inner surface covered with short setae medially. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved, without a distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 3 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex 3 / 5 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view. Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 7.56 – 9.17 mm (mean = 8.33 mm); wing length 8.30 – 10.35 mm (mean = 9.24 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7 H, 31 B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 8 – 9, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.1 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.53 times as high as wide (Fig. 31 F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.68 times as high as wide.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFBC114CFF53F9E3FE9AC090.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The females were associated with the males through body color. The proposition of this new species is justified especially by the shape of the male terminalia. None of the valid species of Ormiophasia known to date has a stout surstylus with posterior inner surface covered with short setae and apex of male cerci subrectangular in posterior view. Regarding the distribution of O. guimaraesi sp. nov., nearly all the examined material was collected in Costa Rica, except for one female from Colombia. This may suggest a more continuous distribution between these two countries.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4.taxon	description	(Figures 6 B, 8 A, 10 B, 12 B, 14 A, 32, 40 C)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6 B, 10 B, 12 B, 32 A, C, G): “ Avispas [Avispa, misspelling], Madre / de Dios [but it may be the department of Cusco, see remarks], Peru / 20 – 30. ix. 1962 / L. Pena [leg.], 400 m ” / “ Holotype ” [red label] (CNC). PARATYPES (1 ♂, 4 ♀♀): Bolivia: 1 ♀: “ Bolivia, El Limbo / 65 o 36 ’ W 17 º 07 ’ S / 2200 m, Nov. 63 [xi. 1963] / F. Steinbach [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (CNC). Peru: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 32 E); 3 ♀♀ [one dissected, one photographed] (Figs 8 A, 14 A, 32 B, D, F): “ Quincemil / Cuzco, Peru / 13 – 31. viii. ’ 62 [1962] / L. Pena [leg.], 780 m ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (CNC). Type locality. Peru, Madre de Dios [but it may be the department of Cusco; see remarks], Avispa.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia (department of Cochabamba) and Peru (departments of Cusco and Madre de Dios).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a tribute to the dipterist Eugène Séguy, for his contributions to the taxonomy of Neotropical Ormiini. The name is a noun in the genitive case.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia seguyi sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with yellow pruinosity (Figs 6 B, 8 A); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen brownishyellow (Figs 10 B, 12 B, 14 A); wing with strong infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 and weak infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 32 G); and apex of male cerci about 2 / 5 length of cerci (Fig. 40 C), subrectangular in posterior view and about 1 / 2 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia seguyi sp. nov. is very similar to O. townsendi sp. nov., from which it is distinguishable only in the male sex. Males of O. seguyi sp. nov. have ocellar triangle visible in profile (Fig. 32 A) and ocelli twice the size of the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 6 B), whereas males of O. townsendi sp. nov. have a very constricted ocellar triangle, not visible in profile (Fig. 37 B), and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 6 H). Additionally, O. seguyi sp. nov. also has male surstylus and cerci stouter (Fig. 40 C) than O. townsendi sp. nov. (Fig. 42 C).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4.taxon	description	Description. Male. Body length 6.95 – 7.30 mm (mean = 7.13 mm); wing length 7.83 – 8.03 mm (7.93 mm) (n = 2). Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 6 B). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge and face brownish-yellow. Mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10 B, 12 B). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brown. Wing with strong brown infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 32 G). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen entirely brownish-yellow with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 6 B, 32 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.80. Ocelli subequal to dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7 – 8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.5 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.4 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.4 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.52 times as high as wide (Fig. 32 E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.66 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 – 8 setae. Meral setae 6 – 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 2 dorsal and 3 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10 – 11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 12 – 15 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 3 – 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 11 – 15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 – 3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 40 C). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface entirely covered with strong setae; posterior inner surface with few strong setae medially. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 2 / 5 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1 / 2 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view. Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 7.05 – 7.84 mm (mean = 7.43 mm); wing length 7.89 – 8.83 mm (mean = 8.32 mm) (n = 4). Head (Figs 8 A, 32 B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6 – 8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.5 times as long as pedicel. Facial ridge 1.9 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.52 times as high as wide (Fig. 32 F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.80 times as high as wide. Wing 2.8 times longer than wide.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA1114AFF53F937FCA7C0B4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The females were associated with the males both by being from the same locality and through body color and infuscation of wing. The type locality is not clear due to the register of the municipality Avispa (as “ Avispas ” on the label) in the department of Madre de Dios, Peru. However, nowadays, this city is inside the limits of the department of Cusco. The proposition of this new species is justified especially by the shape of the male terminalia, the body color and the infuscation of the wing. The same pattern of wing infuscation can also be seen in O. morardi, O. buoculus sp. nov. and O. townsendi sp. nov. (Figs 28 G, 37 G, 37 H, respectively). However, O. seguyi sp. nov. more closely resembles O. townsendi sp. nov., especially because of the general brownish-yellow body color. Differently from O. morardi and O. buoculus sp. nov., whose distributions almost overlap, O. seguyi sp. nov. (Bolivia and Peru) and O. townsendi sp. nov. (Brazil) have allopatric distributions. Ormiophasia seguyi is the first documented occurence of Ormiophasia in the Andean region.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058.taxon	description	(Figs 4 B, 6 C, 8 B, 10 C, 12 C, 14 B, 33, 41 A)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6 C, 10 C, 12 C, 33 A, C, G): “ Amubri, A. C. Amistad, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, 70 m, 1 – 19. Feb. 1994, G. / Gallardo [leg.], L S 385500 _ 578000, # 2687 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 708503 ” / “ Holotype ” [red label] (MNCR). PARATYPES (4 ♂♂, 17 ♀♀): Brazil: 2 ♀♀: “ Brasil, RO [Rondônia], Vilhena / 124655 S – 602218 W / 25. iv. 2006, J. A. Rafael & / F. F. Xavier Fo [leg.], arm luz [light trap] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (INPA); 1 ♀: “ Brasil, AM [Ama- zonas], Manaus, ZF 2 / Km- 14, Torre 023521 S / 600655 W, 12 – 15. x. 2004 / lençol: luz mista e BLB [light trap] ” / “ 35 mts altura, J. A. Rafael / C. S. Mota, R. F. Xavier Fo / A. Silva Fo & S. Trovisco [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (INPA); 1 ♀: “ Brasil, Am [Amazonas] / Ig. Tucunare, 75 / Km W. Itacoatiara / 30 Jan. 1979 [30. i. 1979] / O. S. Flint, Jr. [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM); 1 ♀: “ DZUP 201400 ” / “ Jacareacanga / Pará, Brasil, x. 1959 / M. Al- varenga leg. ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (DZUP). Costa Rica: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 33 E): “ Amubri, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 70 m, 1 – 22 ENE 1995 [1 – 22. i. 1995], G. Gallardo [leg.] / L S 385000 578100, # 4388 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 192340 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, Res. / Biol. Hitoy Cerere, Rio / Cerere, 200 m, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, G. Carballo [leg.] / Dic 1990 [xii. 1990] / L-N- 184200, 643300 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 294734 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Río San Lorenzo, 1050 m, Tierras / Morenas, Z. P. Tenorio, Prov. / Guan., Costa Rica, Ene 1993 [i. 1993] / G. Rodriguez [leg.], L-N- 287800, 427600 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 306776 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100 m, R. / Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere / Prov. Limón, Costa Rica, Mar / 1993 [iii. 1993], G. Carballo [leg.] / L-N- 184200, 643300 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 299694 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Hitoy Cerere, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 100 m, Oct 1993 [x. 1993], G. Carbalo [leg.] / L N 643400 _ 184600, # 2378 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 726990 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 8 B, 14 B, 33 B, D, F, H): “ Costa Rica, Prov. Limón, R. B. / Hitoy Cerere, Send. Espavel, 560 m, 27 / JUN — 2 JUL 2003 [27. vi – 2. vii. 2003], B. Gamboa, E. / Rojas, W. Arana [leg.], Trampa de Luz / Mercurio [light trap], L _ S _ 401200 _ 569800, # 74441 ” / “ INB 0003733068 / MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100 m, R. / Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere / Prov. Limón, Costa Rica, Mar / 1993 [iii. 1993], G. Carballo [leg.] / L-N- 184200, 643300 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 299689 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Amubri, 70 m, Talamanca / Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 16 a 31 ago 1992 [16 – 31. viii. 1992] / G. Gallardo / L-S- 385500, 578050 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 734685 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Amubri, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 70 m, 3 – 28 FEB 1995 [3 – 28. ii. 1995], G. Gallardo / L _ S _ 385000 _ 578100, # 4389 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 215820 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR). French Guiana: 1 ♂, 1 ♀: “ Muséum Paris ” / “ Guyane Française / Piste Changement, P. K., 4 à 7 / ix / 91 [4 – 7. ix. 1991], Exp. H. de Toulgoët [leg.] ” / “ H. de Toulgoët — J. Navatte / P. Bleuzen — L. Sénecaux ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNHN). Panama: 1 ♀: “ Cerro Jefe, R. P. [Republic of Panama] / 28 May 54 [28. v. 1954], light [handwriting] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (NHMUK). Venezuela: 1 ♀: “ Km 38, El Dorado / Santa Elena, BO / Venezuela / 2. ix. 57 [1957] ” / “ C. J. Rosales col. [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA); 1 ♀: “ Venezuela, T. F. / Amazonas Dpt / Rio Negro ” / “ Rio Baria / 14 Om. / 0 o 55 ’ N, 66 º 10 ’ W ” / “ C. Padilla / 25. iii – 15. iv. 84 [1984] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA); 1 ♀: “ Venezuela, T. F. / Amazonas / San Carlos de / Rio Negro / 7 – 13. xi. 1982 [handwriting] ” / “ Col. A. Chacon / G. Yepez G. ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA); 1 ♀: “ Ven- ezuela, T. F. Amaz. / Cerro de la Neblina / Basecamp, 0 o 50 ’ N / 66 º 9 ’ 44 ” W, 140 m / 1 – 10 March 1984 [1 – 10. iii. 1984] / D. Davis & T. McCabe [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM). Type locality. Costa Rica, Limón, Amubri.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia), Costa Rica (provinces of Guanacaste and Limón), French Guiana, Panama and Venezuela (states of Amazonas and Bolívar).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name refers to the conspicuous thickness of veins in the female wing, from the Latin “ crassus ” = thick and “ vena ” = vein.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 6 C, 8 B); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10 C, 12 C, 14 B); basicosta broad, twice width of tegula (Fig. 4 B); male wing with weak infuscation around veins R 1, R 2 + 3, R 4 + 5, M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 33 G); female wing 2.3 times longer than wide, with strong infuscation around all veins (Fig. 33 H) except A 1 + CuA 2, veins R 2 + 3, R 4 + 5, M 1 and CuA 1 thickened, and section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved; apex of male cerci about 2 / 5 length of cerci (Fig. 41 A), rounded in posterior view and about 1 / 2 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov. is very similar to O. manguinhos sp. nov., especially concerning wing characters (Fig. 34 F – G). However, O. manguinhos sp. nov. has thorax brownish-yellow, contrasting with dark brown abdomen (Figs 10 D, 12 D, 14 C), and vein R 1 without infuscation and vein R 2 + 3 infuscated only at the tip in male (Fig. 34 F). Additionally, the apex of the male cerci of O. manguinhos sp. nov. is shorter (Fig. 41 B) than in O. crassivena sp. nov.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058.taxon	description	Description. Male. Body length 6.08 – 8.31 mm (mean = 7.25 mm); wing length 6.37 – 8.72 mm (7.54 mm) (n = 5). Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6 C). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray to brown. Antenna yellowish-orange to dark brown. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brownish-gray. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becom- ing light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10 C, 12 C). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing with weak brown infuscation around veins R 1, R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 33 G). Tegula and basicosta dark brown. Veins brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs dark brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity. Head (Fig. 6 C, 33 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.75. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely or partially obliterated, subequal in width to ocellar triangle. Frontal setae 7 – 8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.6 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.1 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.64 times as high as wide (Fig. 33 E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.48 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 – 8 setae. Meral setae 7 – 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta twice width of tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 1 dorsal and 3 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 slightly curved. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10 – 11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 12 – 20 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of four equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13 – 15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 41 A). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds, posterior inner surface with few short setae medially. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved, without a distinct median projection; apex about 2 / 5 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1 / 2 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view. Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.68 – 7.88 mm (mean = 7.34 mm); wing length 6.72 – 8.72 mm (mean = 8.03 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 8 B, 33 B, D). Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6 – 8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.4 times as long as pedicel. Facial ridge 1.9 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.57 times as high as wide (Fig. 33 F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.81 times as high as wide. Wing 2.3 times longer than wide; with strong brown infuscation around all veins except A 1 + CuA 2 (Fig. 33 H). Vein R 2 + 3 thickened along entire length, veins R 4 + 5 and M 1 thickened at level of crossvein r-m, and vein CuA 1 thickened at midlength. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA71149FF53F8CBFB03C058.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The females were associated with the males through body color, infuscation of wing and size of basicosta. There is sexual dimorphism in the wings, the male lacking thickened veins and having weaker infuscation, whereas the female has thickened veins and strong infuscation. Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov. and O. manguinhos sp. nov. are the most different from other Ormiophasia species, especially because of the shape of the basicosta and wing morphology, including the thickness of the female veins. The former seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest and Central America, whereas the latter has so far been found only in the Atlantic Forest.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C.taxon	description	(Figs 6 D, 8 C, 10 D, 12 D, 14 C, 34, 41 B)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6 D, 10 D, 12 D, 34 A, C, F): “ S. José Pinhais [São José dos Pinhais], PR [state of Paraná] / Brasil, (Br 277 - km 54) [federal highway] / 12. v. 1985 / C. I. I. F. [leg.], (Luminosa) [light trap] ” / “ DZUP 201373 ” / “ Holotype ” [red label] (DZUP). PARATYPES (4 ♀♀): Brazil: 2 ♀♀ [one photographed] (Figs 8 C, 14 C, 34 B, D, E, G): “ Itatiaia, Est. do Rio [Rio de Janeiro], Brasil / (Macieira — 1830 m) / 9 / 10 – 3 – 951 [9 – 10. iii. 1951] / D. Albuquerque col. [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (CEIOC); 1 ♀: “ Est. Biol. Boraceia / Salesópolis, S. P., 850 m / Rabello col. [leg.], 18. x. 60 [18. x. 1960, handwriting] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (CEIOC); 1 ♀: “ DZUP 201389 ” / “ Castro PR / Brasil, 9. xii. 1966 / S. Laroca [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (DZUP). Type locality. Brazil, Paraná, São José dos Pinhais.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (states of Paraná, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a tribute to the great and historical Brazilian entomological collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, unit of Manguinhos, and it is a reminder of the Manguinhos Massacre, one of the many horrible heritages of the Brazilian military dictatorship era. The name is a noun in apposition.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia manguinhos sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 6 D, 8 C); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; thorax brownish-yellow and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10 D, 12 D, 14 C); basicosta broad, twice width of tegula (Fig. 4 B); male wing with weak infuscation at tip of vein R 1 and around veins R 2 + 3, R 4 + 5, M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 34 F); female wing 2.4 times longer than wide, with strong infuscation around all veins (Fig. 34 G) except A 1 + CuA 2, veins R 2 + 3, R 4 + 5, M 1 and CuA 1 thickened, and section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved; apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci (Fig. 41 B), rounded in posterior view and 3 / 5 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia manguinhos sp. nov. is very similar to O. crassivena sp. nov., especially concerning wing characters (Figs 33 G – H). However, O. crassivena sp. nov. has thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10 C, 12 C, 14 B) and male wing with infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 (Fig. 33 G). Additionally, the apex of the male cerci in O. crassivena sp. nov. is longer (Fig. 41 A) than in O. manguinhos sp. nov.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C.taxon	description	Description. Male. Body length 6.24 mm; wing length 6.72 mm (n = 1). Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6 D). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brown. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10 D, 12 D). Scutum brownish-yellow; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing with weak brown infuscation at tip of vein R 2 + 3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 34 F). Tegula brownish-yellow. Basicosta and veins brown. Halter brownish-yellow. Calypteres light brown. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 6 D, 34 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.75. Ocelli subequal to dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 6, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.3 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 setae. Meral setae 6. Wing. Subequal to body length, 2.7 times longer than wide. Basicosta twice width of tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 1 dorsal and 2 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 11 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 3 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 14 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 1 posterodorsal median seta and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 41 B). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and pointed in lateral view; apex 3 / 5 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view. Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.13 – 6.45 mm (mean = 6.30 mm); wing length 7.24 – 7.55 mm (mean = 7.45 mm) (n = 5). Head (Figs 8 C, 34 B, D). Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6 – 8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.6 times as long as pedicel. Facial ridge 2.2 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.42 times as high as wide (Fig. 34 E); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.75 times as high as wide. Wing 2.4 times longer than wide; with strong brown infuscation around all veins except A 1 + CuA 2 (Fig. 34 G). Vein R 2 + 3 thickened along it entire length, veins R 4 + 5 and M 1 thickened at level of crossvein r-m, and CuA 1 thickened at midlength. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA41144FF53F97FFDD5C76C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The females were associated with the male through body color, infuscation of wing and size of basicosta. The description of the male prothorax was not possible, since there was only one specimen available for study. There is sexual dimorphism in the wing, the male lacking thickened veins and having weaker infuscation, whereas the female has thickened veins and strong infuscation. Ormiophasia manguinhos sp. nov. and O. crassivena sp. nov. are very similar (see Remarks under O. crassivena sp. nov.). Ormiophasia manguinhos sp. nov. seems to be restricted to the Atlantic Forest.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394.taxon	description	(Figs 6 E, 8 D, 10 E, 12 E, 14 D, 35, 41 C)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6 E, 10 E, 12 E, 35 A, C, G): “ Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela, Reserva / Biologica Monteverde, Eladio’s, 830 m, 25 – 28 / OCT 2005 [25 – 28. x. 2005], J. Azofeita, M. Moraga, M. Solis, B. / Gamboa, R. Libre [leg.], L _ N _ 255256 _ 458014, # 84817 ” / “ INB 0003978524 / MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA ” / “ Holotype ” [red label] (MNCR). PARATYPES (9 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀): Colombia: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 35 E), 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 8 D, 14 D, 35 B, D, F): “ 3000 ’, Rio Pance / 10 mi. SW. Cali, Valle / Colombia, vii. 14, 1970 [14. vii. 1970] / H. & A. Howden [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (CNC); 1 ♀: “ Co [Colombia], Ant., Rionegro / Br. San Antonio de Pereira / Domicilio / Manual / 2100 msnm / Abril / 2010 [iv. 2010] / Leidy Jurado [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (CEUA); 1 ♀: “ Colombia, Ant. / Queb. Honda, 1450 m / 12 Km, SW. Fredonia / 3 – 4 March 1984 [3 – 4. iii. 1984] / C. M. & O. S. Flint Jr ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM); Costa Rica: 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ 1 Km S. O. del Cerro Bioley, Sector / Altamira, Buenos Aires, Prov. Punta. / Costa Rica, 1150 – 1350 m, Oct. 1994 [x. 1994], Z. / Fuentes [leg.], L S 331500 _ 571700, # 3300 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 111019 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Est. Pitilla, 700 m, 9 Km S. / Sta. Cecilia, P. N. Guanacaste / Prov. Guan., Costa / Rica, P. Rios [leg.], Ago 1991 [viii. 1991] / L-N- 330200, 380200 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 608329 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Manzanillo, 0 – 100 m, RFNS / Gandoca y Manzanillo, Prov. / Limón, Costa Rica, 6 a 27 ene / 1993 [6 – 27. i. 1993], K. Taylor [leg.] / L-S- 398100, 610600 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 997693 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Vuelta campana, R. / Terraba, 100 – 500 m, Rey / Curre, Prov. Puntarenas / Costa Rica, 10 a 30 set / 1992 [10 – 30. ix. 1992], S. Rojas [leg.] / L-S 825700, 544300 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 869856 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela, Upala / Bijagua, Albergue Heliconias, Send. / Heliconias, 700 m, 6 – 9 ABR 2000 [6 – 9. iv. 2000], J. / D. Gutiérrez [leg.], de Luz [on light] / L N 299800, 423800, # 56251 ” / “ INB 0003083469 / MNCR- CRI, COSTA RICA ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Sect. San Ramón de Dos Rios, Prov. / Alaju., Costa Rica, 620 m, 18 / MAR — 13 ABR 1995 [18. iii – 13. iv. 1995], F. A. Quesada [leg.] / L _ N _ 318100 _ 381900, # 5274 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 246203 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Estac. Pitilla, 700 m, 9 Km / S. Santa Cecilia, Guanac. / Pr., Costa Rica, Jul. 1988 [vii. 1988] / GNP Biodiversity Syrvey / W 85 o 25 ’ 40 ”, N 10 o 59 ’ 26 ”” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 001 / 051086 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Est. Queb. Bonita, 50 m / Res. Biol. Carara, Prov. / Punt., Costa Rica / E. Bello [leg.], Jun 1990 [vi. 1990] / L-N- 194500, 469850 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 000 / 245769 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Higuito / San Mateo, CR [Costa Rica] ” / “ Pablo Schild coll. ” / “ Ormia busckii Towns [handwriting] / det. JRMalloch ” (USNM). Panama: 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ El Valle, Pan / 1 – 6 – 54 [6. i. 1954] / F. S. Blanton [leg.] / Light ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM); 1 ♀: “ Barro Colorado / Pan / R. C. Shannon [leg.] / vii. 8.23 [8. vii. 1923] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM); 1 ♀: “ Panama / E. C. Broadhead [leg.] / BM. 1991 – 30 ” / “ Collected by E. B. [leg.] / Panama, Mar 18 [iii. 1918, handwriting] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (NHMUK); 1 ♀: “ Rio Hato, Coclé / Prov., Panama / xi – 8 1952 [8. xi. 1952] ” / “ F. S. Blanton / Collector [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM); 1 ♀: “ Panama, Barro / Colorado Isl., 10 – 20. iv. 65 [1965] / S. S. & W. D. Duckworth [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM). Venezuela: 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Venezuela, Aragua / Rancho Grande / 1100 m, 1. viii. 74 [1974] ” / “ J. L. Garcia col. [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA); 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Venezuela / Ran- cho Grande / 1100 mts / 14. xii. 1949 / H. E. Box / & Guaglinmi [leg.] ” / “ ” Press by / Com Inst Ent / B M 1951 – 590 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (NHMUK). Type locality. Costa Rica, Alajuela, Reserva Biológica Bosque Nuboso Monteverde.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Colombia (departments of Antioquia and Valle del Cauca), Costa Rica (provinces of Alajuela, Guanacaste, Limón and Puntarenas), Panama (provinces of Coclé, Panama and Panama Oeste) and Venezuela (state of Aragua).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a tribute to the dipterist Omar Tavares, for his important contributions to the taxonomy of Neotropical Ormiini. The name is a noun in the genitive case.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia tavaresi sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 6 E, 8 D); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; scutum and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10 E, 12 E, 14 D); wing hyaline (Fig. 35 G); anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin (Fig. 41 C); and apex of male cerci about 3 / 5 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view and about 1 / 2 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia tavaresi sp. nov., O. causeyi and O. chapulini sp. nov. share a hyaline wing and a darker body color, but they can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters (Figs 41 C, 38 B, 42 A, respectively). The shape of the male cerci of O. busckii (Fig. 38 A) is similar to that in O. tavaresi sp. nov., but O. busckii can be easily distinguished by its brown body with yellow pruinosity (Figs 9 A, 11 A, 13 A), clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane (Fig. 5 A, 7 A), ocellar triangle bare (Fig. 15 C – D), and anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin (Fig. 38 A).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394.taxon	description	Description. Male. Body length 5.54 – 7.09 mm (mean = 6.16 mm); wing length 5.78 – 7.78 mm (6.54 mm) (n = 10). Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6 E). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brown. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10 E, 12 E). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing hyaline (Fig. 35 G). Tegula dark brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins dark brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 6 E, 35 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.75. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7 – 8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.5 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.4 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.2 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.44 times as high as wide (Fig. 35 E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.90 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2 – 3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 – 8 setae. Meral setae 6 – 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 1 – 3 dorsal and 2 – 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 9 – 12 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 11 – 12 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 9 – 12 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 41 C). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium broad, posterior margin at same level as anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds; posterior inner surface with few strong setae medially. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 3 / 5 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1 / 2 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite of same thickness over its entire length, apex rounded in lateral view. Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.00 – 7.55 mm (mean = 6.71 mm); wing length 6.53 – 8.51 mm (mean = 7.45 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 8 D, 35 B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6 – 8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.4 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.60 times as high as wide (Fig. 35 F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.80 times as high as wide.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFA91142FF53FE63FE41C394.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The females were associated with the males by being from the same locality. Ormiophasia tavaresi sp. nov. is the darkest species of the genus. Although it is similar to O. causeyi and O. chapulini sp. nov., these three species can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters. The width of the apex of the male cerci is narrow in O. causeyi, intermediate in O. tavaresi sp. nov. and broad in O. chapulini sp. nov. Ormiophasia tavaresi sp. nov. seems to be restricted to southern Central America and northern South America.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC.taxon	description	(Figs 6 F, 8 E, 10 F, 12 F, 14 E, 36, 42 A)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6 F, 10 F, 12 F, 36 A, C, F): “ MEX: Veracruz, UNAM / Los Tuxtlas Estac. / Biol., N Catemaco [municipality of Veracruz] / 16 – 19, Sept. 1989 / E Barrera, TJ Henry / & IM Kerzhner colls. ” / “ Holotype ” [red label] (USNM). PARATYPES (4 ♂♂, 1 ♀): Costa Rica: 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas / Est. Agujas, Send. El Río, 300 m / 6 – 12 ENE 1998 [6 – 12. i. 1998], M. Lobo [leg.] / L _ S _ 276750 _ 526550, # 49738 ” / “ Costa Rica, MNCR / CRI 002 / 412248 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); Mexico: 3 ♂♂ [two dissected, one photographed] (Fig. 36 E), 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 8 E, 14 E, 36 B, D): “ MEX, Veracruz, UNAM / Los Tuxtlas Estac. / Biol., N Catemaco / 16 – 19 Sept. 1989 [16 – 19. ix. 1989] / E. Barrera, T. J. Henry / & I. M. Kerzhner colls. [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM). Type locality. Mexico, Veracruz, Veracruz, Estación de Biología Tropical “ Los Tuxtlas ”.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Costa Rica (province of Puntarenas) and Mexico (state of Veracruz).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a tribute to one of the most iconic characters that has captivated the whole of Latin America, “ El Chapulín Colorado ”, created by the spectacular Mexican actor Roberto Gómez Bolaños. The name is a noun in the genitive case.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia chapulini sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 6 F, 8 E); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; scutum dark brown, contrasting with brown postpronotal lobe (Figs 10 F, 12 F, 14 E); wing hyaline (Fig. 36 F); and apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci (Fig. 42 A), subquadrate in posterior view and more than 1 / 2 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia chapulini sp. nov., O. causeyi and O. tavaresi sp. nov. share hyaline wing and darker body color, but they can be clearly distinguished by examining the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters (Figs 42 A, 38 B, 41 C, respectively). Female specimens of O. chapulini sp. nov. and O. causeyi are hard to discriminate, but O. chapulini sp. nov. usually has a bare (Fig. 36 A – B) rather than plumose (Fig. 17 A – B) arista.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC.taxon	description	Description. Male. Body length 6.84 – 6.97 mm (mean = 6.91 mm); wing length 6.91 – 7.14 mm (7.04 mm) (n = 4). Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6 F). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto – orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brown. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Fig. 10 F, 12 F). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brown. Scutellum dark brown. Subscutellum brown. Wing hyaline (Fig. 36 F). Tegula brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs brown. Abdomen entirely brown with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 6 F, 36 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.75. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2 – 3. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7 – 8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.4 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.36 times as high as wide (Fig. 36 E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.55 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 8 setae. Meral setae 9 – 10. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 2 – 4 dorsal and 2 – 4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 11 – 13 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 15 – 16 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13 – 14 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 42 A). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 3 length of cerci, subquadrate in posterior view, thick and tapered in lateral view; apex more than 1 / 2 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface slightly V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex rounded in lateral view. Female. Differs from male as follows Body length 6.96 mm; wing length 7.94 mm (n = 1). Head (Figs 8 E, 36 B, D). Ratio of head height / head width 0.80. Frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.9 times longer than pedicel. Facial ridge 2.1 times wider than parafacial.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAF1140FF53FA17FBA4C2CC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The female was associated with the males by being from the same locality. Description of the female prothorax was not possible, since there was only one specimen available for study. Although O. chapulini sp. nov. is similar to O. causeyi and O. tavaresi sp. nov., these three species can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters. Among the three species, the width of apex of male cerci is the broadest in O. chapulini sp. nov. The new species seems to be restricted to Central America, from Costa Rica to Southeast Mexico, which is so far the northernmost limit of the genus.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144.taxon	description	(Figs 6 G, 10 G, 12 G, 37 A, C, E, G, 42 B)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6 G, 10 G, 12 G, 37 A, C, G): “ Venezuela: T. F. Amaz. / Cerro de la Neblina / Basecamp. 0 o 50 ’ N / 66 º 9 ’ 44 ” W. 155 m / Canopy, 23 – 29 Feb. 1984 / D. Davis & T. McCabe [leg.] ” / “ Holotype ” [red label] (USNM). PARATYPES (3 ♂♂): Venezuela: 2 ♂♂ [one dissected, one photographed] (Fig. 37 E): “ Venezuela, T. F. Amaz. / Cerro de la Neblina / Basecamp, 0 o 50 ’ N / 66 º 9 ’ 44 ” W, 155 m / Canopy 23 – 29 Feb. 1984 [23 – 29. ii. 1984] / D. Davis & T. McCabe [leg.] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM); 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Venezuela, Bolívar / carret. Caicara, San / Juan de Manapiare / Km 170, 300 m / 21 – 30. xii. 1973 ” / “ Ormia [handwriting] ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA). Type locality. Venezuela, Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Venezuela (states of Amazonas and Bolívar).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name refers to the conspicuous size of the dorsal ommatidia of the male, from the Latin “ bu ” = large and “ oculus ” = eye.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia buoculus sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Fig. 6 G); ocelli smaller than dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 37 C); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10 G, 12 G); wing with strong infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 and weak infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 37 G); and apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci (Fig. 42 B), rounded in posterior view and 2 / 5 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia buoculus sp. nov. is very similar to O. morardi, from which it is distinguishable only in the male sex. Males of O. buoculus sp. nov. have a very constricted ocellar triangle, not visible in profile (Fig. 37 A), and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (37 C), whereas males of O. morardi have ocellar triangle visible in profile (Fig. 28 A) and ocelli 1.5 times the size of the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 28 C). The distinct male head of O. buoculus sp. nov. resembles that of O. townsendi sp. nov., but this last species differs by its lighter body color (Figs 10 H, 12 H) and completely different shape of the cerci and surstylus (Fig. 42 C).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144.taxon	description	Description. Male. Body length 7.12 – 7.34 mm (mean = 7.26 mm); wing length 7.40 – 8.24 mm (7.94 mm) (n = 3). Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6 G). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brownish-gray. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10 G, 12 G). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing with strong brown infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 37 G). Tegula dark brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins dark brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs dark brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 6 G, 37 A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.80. Ocelli smaller than dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 6 – 7, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.1 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.5 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.9 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.52 times as high as wide (Fig. 37 E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.83 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7 – 8 setae. Meral setae 7 – 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, 2.6 times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 1 – 3 dorsal and 2 – 3 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 9 – 11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 10 – 15 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 11 – 15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 42 C). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and pointed in lateral view; apex 2 / 5 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view. Female. Unknown.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFAD113EFF53FAC3FE70C144.taxon	discussion	Remarks. For comments on similarities and differences between O. buoculus sp. nov. and O. morardi, see Remarks under O. morardi. Ormiophasia buoculus sp. nov. and O. townsendi sp. nov. are very different from other Ormiophasia species in the shape of the male head, with a very constricted ocellar triangle not visible in profile (Fig. 37 A – B) and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (37 C – D). Ormiophasia buoculus sp. nov. seems to be restricted to Venezuela.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468.taxon	description	(Figs 6 H, 10 H, 12 H, 37 B, D, F, H, 42 C)	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6 H, 10 H, 12 H, 37 B, D, H): “ Brasil, AM, Ipixuna, Rio / Liberdade, Estirão da Preta / 7 º 21 ’ 46.7 ” S – 71 º 52 ’ 07.1 ” W / 14. v. 2011. 04: 00 - 06: 30 h ” / “ Arm. Luminosa baixa [light trap] / J. A. Rafael, J. T. Câmara, R. F. / Silva, A. Somavilla, C. / Gonçalves, A. Agudelo, leg. ” / “ Holotype ” [red label] (INPA). PARATYPES (2 ♂♂): Brazil: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 37 F): “ Brasil, Pará / Serra Norte / N- 1 Canga / 29. i a 01. ii. 1985 [29. i – 1. ii. 1985] ” / “ Armadilha Suspensa, 1 – 6 m [light trap, handwriting] ” / “ MPEG DIP / 12183349 ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MPEG); 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Brasil, PA [Pará], Abel Figueiredo / Faz. [Farm] Juca Mahre / 4 º 57 ’ 13 ” S / 48 º 23 ’ 36 ” W / 28. i – 06. ii. 2010 / Nihei et al. leg. ” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (MZSP). Type locality. Brazil, Amazonas, Ipixuna.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas and Pará).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a tribute to the dipterist Charles Henry Tyler Townsend, who described the genus Ormiophasia. The name is a noun in the genitive case.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with yellow pruinosity (Fig. 6 H); ocelli smaller than dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 37 D); clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen brownish-yellow (Fig. 10 H, 12 H); wing with strong infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 and weak infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 37 H); surstylus slender, with posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds (Fig. 42 C); and apex of male cerci about 1 / 3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view and about 1 / 3 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. is very similar to O. seguyi sp. nov., from which it is distinguishable only in the male sex. Males of O. townsendi sp. nov. have a very constricted ocellar triangle, not visible in profile (Fig. 37 B), and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 37 D), whereas males of O. seguyi sp. nov. have ocellar triangle visible in profile (Fig. 32 A) and ocelli twice the size of the dorsal ommatidia (Fig. 32 C). Additionally, O. seguyi sp. nov. also has surstylus and male cerci stouter (Fig. 40 C) than O. townsendi sp. nov. The distinct male head of O. townsendi sp. nov. resembles that of O. buoculus sp. nov., but this last species differs by its darker body color (Figs 10 G, 12 G) and completely different shape of the cerci and surstylus (Fig. 42 B).	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468.taxon	description	Description. Male. Body length 6.47 – 7.03 mm (mean = 6.77 mm); wing length 7.49 – 7.65 mm (7.55 mm) (n = 3). Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 6 H). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10 H, 12 H). Scutum brownish-yellow; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum and subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing with strong brown infuscation around veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 37 H). Tegula and basicosta brownish-yellow. Veins brown. Halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen entirely brownish-yellow with silver pruinosity. Head (Figs 6 H, 37 B, D). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height / head width 0.80. Ocelli smaller than dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 1 – 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 6 – 7, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 3 times as long as pedicel. Face 1.24 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.46 times as high as wide (Fig. 37 F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.74 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1 / 2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 8 – 9 setae. Meral setae 7 – 8. Wing. Subequal to body length, 3 times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4 + 5 with 1 – 3 dorsal and 2 – 3 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10 – 11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14 – 17 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 2 – 3 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2 – 3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13 – 15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3 – 4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia (Fig. 42 C). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes weakly pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin almost straight, not curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus slender, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with weak setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1 / 3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1 / 3 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view. Female. Unknown.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
03E98795FFD51139FF53FF43FCDAC468.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. and O. seguyi sp. nov. are very similar (see Remarks under O. seguyi sp. nov.). Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. and O. buoculus sp. nov. are very different from other Ormiophasia species because of the shape of the male head, with a very constricted ocellar triangle not visible in profile (Fig. 37 A – B) and ocelli smaller than the dorsal ommatidia (37 C – D). Ormiophasia townsendi sp. nov. seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest. As its distribution overlaps with those of O. costalimai and O. inflata and all three species share a similar body color, it is possible to confuse them at first sight. However, they can be clearly distinguished by head, wing and male terminalia characters.	en	Gudin, Filipe M., Nihei, Silvio S. (2019): Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species. Zootaxa 4643 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
