taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E987CAFF8DFF83FEAE0371FE53AC5D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype male, BMNH, Southern Kuwait, Al­Zoor, at the Texaco Beach Club, 28 ° 44 ' 30.7 " N 48 ° 22 ' 40.8 " E, upper to mid littoral, coarse sand, June 2002, coll. T. Ferrero. Paratypes on slides: Three males, BMNH, collecting data same as above; one female, BMNH, collecting data same as above; one deutonymph, BMNH, collecting data same as above; one protonymph, BMNH, collecting data same as above; one male, SMF, collecting data same as above; one male, one female, ZMH, collecting data same as above. Paratypes in ethanol: one female, two males, two protonymphs, BMNH.	en	Bartsch, Ilse (2004): Psammophilous halacarid mites from Kuwait: Description of species of the genera Actacarus and Scaptognathides (Acari: Halacaridae). Zootaxa 755: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158517
03E987CAFF8DFF83FEAE0371FE53AC5D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Length 167 – 195 µm. Surface of dorsal plates punctate and delicately foveate. Anterior margin of idiosoma truncate. Opposing margins of AD and PD almost truncate. Length relation AD: PD equalling 1: 2.4. OC small. Opposing margins of AE and GA almost truncate. AE and PE each with three pairs of setae. Ovipositor almost extending to anterior pair of pgs. Male GA with pair of outlying setae at 0.3 and 11 pairs of pgs lateral and posterior to small GO. Male genital sclerites with two pairs of sgs. Tectum arched. Tibia I with four dorsal and two ventral setae. Tibiae III and IV with two slender ventral setae. Tarsi III and IV with four and three dorsal setae, respectively.	en	Bartsch, Ilse (2004): Psammophilous halacarid mites from Kuwait: Description of species of the genera Actacarus and Scaptognathides (Acari: Halacaridae). Zootaxa 755: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158517
03E987CAFF8DFF83FEAE0371FE53AC5D.taxon	description	Description (Fig. 3). Foveae elongate, about 1 µm in length. Anterior margin truncate. Length of AD 53 µm, width 66 µm; posterior margin almost truncate (Fig. 1). Pair of gland pores level with insertion of leg I. Length of OC 12 µm; with gland pore and pore canaliculus (cf. Fig. 15). Length of PD 130 µm, width 83 µm. Anterior margin wide and truncate; with two pairs of gland pores; anterior pair slightly posterior to the level of insertion of leg IV. Dorsal setae delicate; ds­ 1 situated on AD slightly posterior to the level of gland pores; ds­ 2 within striated integument; ds­ 3 to ds­ 6 on PD as illustrated (Fig. 1); ds­ 6 in posterior margin of PD. Surface of ventral plates delicately pitted. Length of AE 85 µm, width 87 µm; with three pairs of setae. Posterior margin of AE truncate and extending backward far beyond posterior pair of setae (Fig. 2). Length of PE 98 µm, extending beyond insertion of leg IV; PE with one dorsal and three ventral setae. Length of GA 80 µm, width 58 µm. Anterior margin of GA somewhat concave. Small GO at edge of genital groove, its width 13 µm, distance to anterior margin of GA equalling 2.9 times distance from GO to base of anal plate. Pair of outlying setae at about 0.3 relative to length of the plate. Eleven pairs of perigenital setae lateral and posterior to GO. Each genital sclerite with two minute sgs (Fig. 4). Spermatopositor large (Fig. 5); Fig. 4 showing only central portion of spermatopositor. Gnathosoma: Length 62 µm, width 42 µm. Integument of gnathosomal base evenly punctate. Tectum arched (Fig. 7). Rostrum triangular, rather slender and almost as long as gnathosomal base. Palps slightly flattened (Fig. 6). Legs: Slender. Leg I longer than following legs. Tibiae slightly longer than telofemora. Leg chaetotaxy (with solenidion and pas included): leg I, 1, 2, 3, 5, 5, 9; leg II, 1, 2, 3, 3, 5, 5; leg III, 1, 2, 2, 3, 5, 6; leg IV, 1, 2, 2, 3, 5, 5. Tibiae I to IV each with three dorsal and two ventral setae (Figs 8 – 11); ventral setae slender and smooth, almost equal in length. Lateral fossa membrane large on tarsus I but small on following tarsi. Tarsus I with three dorsal setae and solenidion (Fig. 12); dorsolateral fossary seta blunt, dorsomedial seta tapering. Tarsus II with claviform solenidion (Fig. 13). Tarsi III (Fig. 14) and IV with four and three dorsal setae, respectively. Tarsi I to IV with pair of setiform pas. Claws of leg I apparently smooth. Claws of tarsi II to IV with pectines and coarse tines. Female Length 187 µm. Dorsal aspect same as in male. Length of AE 86 µm, that of GA 74 µm. GA with three pairs of pgs, the posterior pair concealed by genital sclerites. Ovipositor extending beyond GO but not reaching to the level of first pair of pgs (Fig. 16). Juveniles Length of deutonymphal idiosoma 183 µm, length of gnathosoma 52 µm. Length of protonymphal idiosoma 142 µm, length of gnathosoma 47 µm. Dorsal and ventral plates smaller than in adults.	en	Bartsch, Ilse (2004): Psammophilous halacarid mites from Kuwait: Description of species of the genera Actacarus and Scaptognathides (Acari: Halacaridae). Zootaxa 755: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158517
03E987CAFF8DFF83FEAE0371FE53AC5D.taxon	discussion	Remarks Actacarus arabius shares several characters with A. clipeolatus Morselli and Mari, a species recorded from the Indian Ocean, from a beach at Sar Uanle, Somalia (Morselli & Mari 1986). The dorsal plates of the two species are foveate and punctate, size and chaetotaxy of their legs are similar. Compared to A. clipeolatus, the ornamentation of the dorsal plates of A. arabius is more delicate, the AD is distinctly wider than long, platelets between the PD and PE are lacking, the ovipositor is shorter relative to the length of GA, the male GO is in the posterior half of GA and most of the pgs are lateral to the GO. When summarizing the geographical distribution of Actacarus, Bartsch (1999) distinguished between three species groups which were mainly characterized by a combination of number of setae of tarsi III and IV and shape and arrangement of setae of tibiae III and IV. The character combination in A. arabius — tarsi III and IV with four and three dorsal setae, ventral setae of tibiae III and IV paired and similar­sized — is shared with A. australis Bartsch, A. bacescui Konnerth­Ionescu, A. cornutus Otto, A. illustrans Newell, A. karoensis Abé, and A. sinensis Bartsch (Bartsch 1999; Otto 2000). Further features in common are: opposing margins of AD and PD wide, almost truncate, and AE and PE with three pairs of ventral setae. Distinguishing characters are: the tectum of A. bacescui and A. cornutus bears a small spine, whereas that of A. arabius is arched; in A. karoensis there is a series of small platelets lateral to the AD and PD, these platelets are lacking in A. arabius; tibia I of A. australis, A. illustrans and A. sinensis bears seven setae, that of A. arabius five setae.	en	Bartsch, Ilse (2004): Psammophilous halacarid mites from Kuwait: Description of species of the genera Actacarus and Scaptognathides (Acari: Halacaridae). Zootaxa 755: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158517
03E987CAFF89FF80FEAE0614FD54A9EE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype female, BMNH, Southern Kuwait, Al­Zoor, at the Texaco Beach Club, 28 ° 44 ' 30.7 " N 48 ° 22 ' 40.8 " E, upper to mid littoral, coarse sand, June 2002, coll. T. Ferrero. Paratype female (slide), BMNH, collecting data same as above. Paratype female (in ethanol), BMNH, collecting data same as above.	en	Bartsch, Ilse (2004): Psammophilous halacarid mites from Kuwait: Description of species of the genera Actacarus and Scaptognathides (Acari: Halacaridae). Zootaxa 755: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158517
03E987CAFF89FF80FEAE0614FD54A9EE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Length 165 – 174 µm. Dorsal plates with delicate, irregularly arranged pits. OC triangular, with two gland pores. Pairs of ds­ 2 and ds­ 3 on AD, ds­ 4 on PD. Distance between anterior margin of female GA and that of GO equalling 1.3 times length of GO; genital sclerites with one pair of sgs. Telofemora I and II with four setae each, tarsus III with three setae.	en	Bartsch, Ilse (2004): Psammophilous halacarid mites from Kuwait: Description of species of the genera Actacarus and Scaptognathides (Acari: Halacaridae). Zootaxa 755: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158517
03E987CAFF89FF80FEAE0614FD54A9EE.taxon	description	Description Female Idiosoma: Length 165 – 174 µm, length of holotype 174 µm, width 107 µm. Dorsal plates with delicate, irregularly arranged pits (Fig. 19). Length of AD 57 µm, width 67 µm; anterior and posterior margin almost truncate (Fig. 17). First pair of gland pores in anterior margin. Length of OC 28 µm, width 15 µm, widest in anterior portion. Plate with two pairs of gland pores (Fig. 17). Length of PD 96 µm, width 71 µm; anterior margin almost truncate; with one pair of gland pores level with insertion of leg III, the other pair near anal cone. Dorsal setae delicate. AD with pairs of ds­ 1, ds­ 2 and ds­ 3. Setae ds­ 4 and ds­ 5 on PD, ds­ 5 level with insertion of leg IV. Adanal setae on anal valves. Ventral plates very minutely reticulate rather than punctate. Length of AE 63 µm, width 90 µm; with three pairs of setae. Length of PE 85 µm; extending backward beyond insertion of leg IV. PE with one dorsal and three ventral setae. Length of GA 85 µm, width 56 µm; width of anterior margin about 0.45 of maximum width; plate with two pairs of pgs. Length of GO 30 µm, width 16 µm; distance from anterior margin of GA to that of GO equalling 1.3 times length of GO. Genital sclerites with pair of sgs (Fig. 18). Gnathosoma: Length 77 µm, width 42 µm. Basal pair of maxillary setae very short, not longer than pair of setae near apex of rostrum (Fig. 21). Tectum slightly concave (Fig. 20). Rostrum slender, parallel­sided, length 43 µm, width about 7 µm. Palps slender, twosegmented; with one seta in basal third, at least two setae and four spines apically. Legs: Telofemur I longer and wider than telofemora of following legs. Surface of dorsal and lateral flank delicately sculptured with minute elongate foveae (Fig. 22). Tibia I shorter than tibiae of following legs. Leg IV somewhat longer else similar to leg III, their telofemora slightly longer than tibiae and tarsi. Leg chaetotaxy (solenidia excluded, pas included): legs I and II, 1, 2, 4, 4, 5, 5; legs III and IV, 1, 2, 2, 3, 5, 5. Tarsi I to IV each with three dorsal setae and pair of apical pas. Solenidion on both tarsus I and II (Fig. 25) small and in dorsolateral position. Paired claws of tarsus I with umbrella­like arranged tines. Claws of legs II to IV slen­ der, with minute accessory process and a very slender, delicate single tooth (Figs 23 and 24). All tarsi with small median sclerite, without a dent­like process.	en	Bartsch, Ilse (2004): Psammophilous halacarid mites from Kuwait: Description of species of the genera Actacarus and Scaptognathides (Acari: Halacaridae). Zootaxa 755: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158517
03E987CAFF89FF80FEAE0614FD54A9EE.taxon	discussion	Remarks The number of gland pores on the OC is a character easily recognized. The OC of Scaptognathides delicatulus bears two such pores. A similar number is present in S. bicornis Bartsch, S. minor Bartsch, S. ornatus Bartsch, S. planus Monniot, S. reticulatus Bartsch, and S. undulatus Otto. S. bicornis, S. planus, S. reticulatus, and S. undulatus bear four setae on tarsus III, S. delicatulus, S. minor and S. ornatus three setae. The dorsal plates of S. ornatus are coarsely reticulated, each polygon provided with numerous pits, whereas the plates of S. delicatulus and S. minor are pitted, but show no reticulation. The two species are distinguished on the basis of the number of sgs on the female GO (S. delicatulus with one pair, S. minor with none), and the number of setae of telofemora I and II (S. delicatulus with four setae, S. minor with five setae).	en	Bartsch, Ilse (2004): Psammophilous halacarid mites from Kuwait: Description of species of the genera Actacarus and Scaptognathides (Acari: Halacaridae). Zootaxa 755: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158517
