identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F4C378A22C304BFD7E062AFBD4FD14.text	03F4C378A22C304BFD7E062AFBD4FD14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cambalopsidae Cook 1895	<div><p>Family CAMBALOPSIDAE Cook, 1895</p> <p>Cambalopsidae Cook, 1895: 6.</p> <p>Trachyiulidae Silvestri, 1896 (recte: Trachyjulidae): 52.</p> <p>Glyphiulinae Chamberlin, 1922: 2.</p> <p>Agastrophinae Verhoeff, 1924: 74.</p> <p>Dolichoglyphiulinae Verhoeff, 1938: 88.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A22C304BFD7E062AFBD4FD14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A22C304CFC96058EFB67FB4D.text	03F4C378A22C304CFC96058EFB67FB4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus Gervais 1847	<div><p>Genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847</p> <p>Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847: 170.</p> <p>Glyphijulus Karsch, 1881: 14. Type species: Iulus (recte: Julus) granulatus Gervais, 1847; a junior objective synonym, synonymized by Jeekel (1971).</p> <p>Cambalomorpha Pocock, 1895: 363. Type species: Cambalomorpha formosa Pocock, 1895; synonymized by Mauriès (1970).</p> <p>Keratoglyphiulus Attems, 1909: 63. Type species: Iulus (recte: Julus) granulatus Gervais, 1847; a junior objective synonym, synonymized by Verhoeff (1924).</p> <p>Formosoglyphius Verhoeff, 1936: 56. Type species: Formosoglyphius tuberculatus Verhoeff, 1936; synonymized by Mauriès (1970).</p> <p>Koinoglyphius Carl, 1941: 287. Type species: Glyphiulus superbus Silvestri, 1923; synonymized by Jeekel (2004).</p> <p>Octoglyphus Loksa, 1960: 142. Type species: Octoglyphus pulcher Loksa, 1960; synonymized by Murakami (1975).</p> <p>Trogloglyphus Loksa, 1960: 139. Type species: Trogloglyphus balazsi Loksa, 1960; synonymized by Mauriès (1970).</p> <p>TYPE SPECIES. — Iulus (recte: Julus) granulatus Gervais, 1847.</p> <p>SPECIES INCLUDED. — Below is a checklist of the species currently attributed to Glyphiulus, arranged in alphabetical order (after Jeekel 2004). In contrast, Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin (1997) referred to only 16 or 17 species as belonging to this genus, depending on synonymy.</p> <p>1. G. adeloglyphus Zhang &amp; Li, 1982, described from Xingping, Guangxi Province, China; still only known from the original description (Zhang &amp; Li 1982).</p> <p>2. G. anophthalmus (Loksa, 1960), described as Trogloglyphus anophthalmus Loksa, 1960 from Nyu-Jie Cave near Pulung (= Fulong, near the frontier with Vietnam), Guangxi Province, China; still only known from the original description (Loksa 1960).</p> <p>3. G. balazsi (Loksa, 1960), described as Trogloglyphus balazsi Loksa, 1960 from Lodjen (= Luodian, or Longping), southern Guizhou Province, China; still only known from the original description (Loksa 1960).</p> <p>4. G. capucinus Attems, 1938, described from Mt. Bana, Danang Province, central Vietnam (Enghoff et al. 2004); still only known from the original description (Attems 1938).</p> <p>5. G. formosus (Pocock, 1895), described as Cambalomorpha formosa Pocock, 1895 from Hong Kong, China; known from the original description (Pocock 1895) and a partial redescription (Mauriès 1970).</p> <p>6. G. granulatus (Gervais, 1847), described as Iulus (recte: Julus) (Glyphiulus) granulatus Gervais, 1847 from Mauritius and Réunion islands, Indian Ocean; currently known as a pantropical “tramp” species from Hawaii, Hong Kong, Marquesas, Society Islands, Cook Islands, Samoa, Loyalty Islands and New Caledonia in the Pacific Ocean, from the Mascarenes, Seychelles and Comoro Islands in the Indian Ocean, and from St. Helena in the Atlantic Ocean (Jeekel 2004). Cambala nodulosa Butler, 1876, from Rodrigues Island, Mascarene Islands, Formosoglyphius tuberculatus Verhoeff, 1936, from Taiwan, and Glyphiulus vulgatus Zhang &amp; Li, 1982, from Longzhou, Guangxi Province, China, are junior subjective synonyms of this species (see below).</p> <p>7. G. javanicus Carl, 1911, described from Passaroean, Java, Indonesia; still only known from the original description (Carl 1911).</p> <p>8. G. lipsorum Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, 1997, described and only known from a cave not in Hubei Province, China, as reported originally (Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1997), but in Guangxi Province (Fig. 30).</p> <p>9. G. mediator Attems, 1938, described from Mt. Bana, Danang Province, central Vietnam (Enghoff et al. 2004); still only known from the original description (Attems 1938).</p> <p>10. G. melanoporus Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, 1997, described and only known from a cave near Guilin, Guangxi Province, China (Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1997).</p> <p>11. G. pulcher (Loksa, 1960), described as Octoglyphus pulcher Loksa, 1960 from Nyu-Jie Cave near Pulung (= Fulong, near the frontier with Vietnam), Guangxi Province, China; still only known from the original description (Loksa 1960).</p> <p>12. G. quadrohamatus Chen &amp; Meng, 1991, described from several caves in the Zhenning Bouyzu Miaozu Autonomous County, Guizhou Province, China (Chen &amp; Meng 1991).</p> <p>13. G. rayrouchi Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, 1997, described and only known from Hei Yan Cave near Maguan, Guizhou Province, China (Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1997).</p> <p>14. G. recticullus Zhang &amp; Li, 1982, described and still only known from Qinyuan, Zhejiang Province, China (Zhang &amp; Li 1982).</p> <p>15. G. septentrionalis Murakami, 1975, described from Okinawa Island, Ryukyus, Japan (Murakami 1975), but apparently introduced there from continental China, given that G. multicarinus Zhang &amp; Li, 1982, described from near Guilin, Guangxi Province, China (Zhang &amp; Li 1982), is its junior synonym (see below).</p> <p>16. G. siamensis Mauriès, 1983, described and still only known from Doi Sutep, northern Thailand (Mauriès 1983). Enghoff (2005) records further material from the type locality.</p> <p>17. G. superbus Silvestri, 1923, described from Dalat, Lamdong Province, central Vietnam (Attems 1938), later recorded from Kampot, Cambodia (Attems 1953), although the latter record needs confirmation (Enghoff et al. 2004). The carinotaxy formula as given in the original description is somewhat ambiguous (Silvestri 1923) and difficult to interpret (see key below).</p> <p>18. G. vietnamicus Mauriès, 1977, described and only known from a cave in Ke Bang karst, Quang-Binh Province, Vietnam (Mauriès 1977; Enghoff et al. 2004).</p> <p>19. G. zorzini Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, 1997, described and still only known from Anjia Yan Cave, Shuichang County, Guizhou Province, China (Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1997).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A22C304CFC96058EFB67FB4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A22B3046FCA90270FEDAFB79.text	03F4C378A22B3046FCA90270FEDAFB79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus granulatus Gervais 1847	<div><p>The granulatus -group</p> <p>REMARKS Species of the granulatus- group are distinguished by the following characters:</p> <p>1. Male legs 1 are usually very strongly reduced, represented solely or mainly by a sternum lacking any median structures but bearing strongly separated, evidently curved prongs with a leg vestige on each side at base (usually represented by just a few setae, more seldom also one or two rudimentary segments). Very seldom, a nearly complete telopodite persists, but the sternum still supports a pair of widely separated and curved prongs. [Male legs 1 with central structures on the sternum in other groups].</p> <p>2. Other male legs normal or nearly so, not enlarged. [Male legs 2 sometimes incrassate in other groups].</p> <p>3. A typical carinotaxy pattern of the collum is I- VI+7a+pc+ma+pc+7a+VI-I. Quite often the pattern is different, either due to crest reduction (especially anteriorly) or hypertrophy, but a median crest is always traceable, at least near the caudal margin. [Usually typical carinotaxy formulae of the collum are different in other groups].</p> <p>4. A typical carinotaxy pattern of the metaterga is 3(2)+I+3+I+3(2). The crests usually being divided transversely into two halves, while the median crest is often doubled anteriorly, the formula becomes 3(2)+I+4+I+3(2) and 3(2)+i+3+i+3(2). If the pattern is different, it is usually readily derived from the typical one (or vice versa), i.e. the lateral crests are reduced to two or the crests are undivided, or some of the crests are divided into three, rather than two, transverse rows of tubercles (see also below), etc. A median crest, even when strongly reduced, is always present as well. [Usually typical carinotaxy formulae of the metaterga are different in other groups].</p> <p>5. The anterior gonopods are reduced to a plate-like coxosternum with moveable, lateral, 1-segmented telopodites. [Shared with some other species groups].</p> <p>6. The posterior gonopods are highly compressed, showing a subflagelliform (rarely subspatuliform), often plumose, distal process. [Shared with some other species groups].</p> <p>7. The pleural flaps behind the gonopod opening on male segment 7 usually do not form an apparent transverse ventral ridge. [Shared with some other species groups].</p> <p>The group thus roughly corresponds to the concept of Glyphiulus in the sense of Verhoeff (1936) and</p> <p>Loksa (1960). At present it contains the following species: G. adeloglyphus, G. anophthalmus,</p> <p>G. balazsi, G. capucinus, G. granulatus, G. lipsorum,</p> <p>G. melanoporus, G. quadrohamatus, G. rayrouchi,</p> <p>G. septentrionalis, G. superbus, as well as all nine new species described below.</p> <p>The remaining known cambalopsid species are considered as belonging to other groups and will be treated elsewhere.</p> <p>Below a description is given of the available material, followed by a key to all of the constituent species of the granulatus -group, as well as a brief analysis of their variation and distribution.</p> <p>Glyphiulus granulatus (Gervais, 1847) (Figs 1-6)</p> <p>Iulus granulatus Gervais, 1847: 170, pl. 44, fig. 10.</p> <p>Glyphiulus granulatus – Karsch 1881: 14.</p> <p>Cambala nodulosa Butler, 1876: 444, synonymized by Jeekel (2004: 53).</p> <p>Formosoglyphius tuberculatus Verhoeff, 1936: 57, figs 7-9, synonymized by Korsós (2004: 18, 19).</p> <p>Glyphiulus vulgatus Zhang &amp; Li, 1982: 85-87, figs 1-6, n. syn.</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Réunion (= Île Bourbon). La Bonite, 1838, leg. Eydoux, lectotype ♀ (incomplete, lacking caudal body end), 5 ♀♀ paralectotypes (all fragmented), all here designated (MNHN GA 013); material in rather poor condition (most legs missing), apparently dried before being placed in alcohol.</p> <p>Mauriès (1983) mentioned that only part of the type material of this species is still preserved in the MNHN, with the series from Île de France (= Mauritius) presumably being lost. The lectotype selection made here is necessary to fix the exact type locality (Réunion Island).</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Réunion.</p> <p>OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Réunion. 10.II.1972, leg. J. Travé, strict topotype juv. ♀ (MNHN GA 022).</p> <p>Mauritius. Near Mahébourg, sugar cane debris, 6.II.1972, leg. J. Travé, 1 ♀ (det. J.-P. Mauriès, MNHN GA 022).</p> <p>Comoros. Mayotte Island, Mt. Combani, 12°48’S, 045°08’E, 470 m, Winkler extraction of forest litter, 22-24.II.1999, leg. Jocqué &amp; De Smet, 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv. (ZMUM, ex coll. MRAC No. 017.940), several ♂♂ and ♀♀ (SEM).</p> <p>China. Hong Kong, leg. M. Crosland, det. J.-P. Mauriès, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN GA 013).</p> <p>Fiji. Viti Levu Island, Suva, park, in litter, 5.VI.1980, leg., det. &amp; don. S. Golovatch, 1 ♂ (MNHN GA 013).</p> <p>Seychelles. Mahé Island, 1892, leg. C. Alluaud, det. H. W. Brölemann, 1 complete ♀, 1 incomplete ♀ (MNHN GA 013).</p> <p>New Caledonia. Dumbea, leg. Mme Pruvot, det. H. W. Brolemann, 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN GA 013).</p> <p>Loyalty Islands. Lifou, leg. Mme Pruvot, det. H. Brolemann, 1 incomplete ♀ (MNHN GA 013).</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Differs from congeners primarily by the peculiar anterior gonopods, each showing an unusually high median outgrowth of the coxosternum, combined with the typical patterns of carinotaxy.</p> <p>Review of Glyphiulus: the granulatus -group (Diplopoda, Cambalopsidae)</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of adults of both sexes 10-18 mm, midbody segments round in cross-section (Fig. 3B), their width (horizontal diameter) and height (vertical diameter) similar, 0.6-0.9 mm. Coloration yellowbrown; non-faded specimens variegated, with a dark brown vertex, blackish ocellaria, mainly brown crests on collum and brownish lateral longitudinal stripes beginning from dark brown ozoporiferous tubercles. Sometimes a thin axial line traceable due to darker median crests.</p> <p>Adult body with 30-53 podous segments + 4-2 apodous ones + telson (formula 30-38p+4a+T in smaller specimens, up to 44-53p+2a+T in larger ones; formulae generally following Enghoff et al. 1993). Clypeus with 3-6 teeth anteromedially. Eye patches transversely ribbon-shaped (smaller specimens) to ovoid (larger individuals), each composed of 11-18 rather flat ocelli in 5 or 6 irregular longitudinal rows (Fig. 4A). Antennae short and clavate (Figs 2B; 3A; 4A), antennomeres 6 and 7 with a small distodorsal field or corolla of bacilliform sensilla (Fig. 4B, C). Gnathochilarium usually, but not always (n = 10:1), with a separate promentum (Fig. 3A).</p> <p>Head width = segment 2 &lt;collum = midbody segments (close to 18th to 20th)&gt; segment 3 = 6&gt; 4 = 5 &lt;7 &lt;8 = 10; body abruptly tapering toward telson on a few posteriormost segments. Postcollar constriction very evident (Fig. 2C).</p> <p>Collum with 7+7 longitudinal crests starting from fore edge, but both median crests interrupted in about caudal 1/3, being replaced there by similar 1+1+1 crests (Fig. 2 A-C) (formula I- VI+7a+pc+ma+pc+7a+VI-I).</p> <p>Subsequent metaterga similarly strongly crested (Fig. 2 B-E), especially so from segment 5 onwards, whence enlarged pore-bearing tubercles commence, less evident on legless segments in front of telson due to loss of ozopores (Fig. 2E). Ozoporiferous tubercles round, wider than high; midbody metatergal crests divided into two about midway, each half neither especially high nor sharp (Fig. 2 B-F). Carinotaxy formulae 3+I+4+I+3 and 3+i+3+i+3, the former standing for front row of crests, the latter for caudal one, both fairly independent (Figs 2 D-F; 3B).</p> <p>Tegument delicately alveolate-areolate, dull throughout. Fine longitudinal striations in front of stricture between pro- and metazona, remaining surface of prozona very delicately shagreened. Metatergal setae absent. Segment 2 with long pleural flaps (Fig. 2B). Limbus extremely finely and more or less regularly denticulate. Epiproct simple, devoid of tuberculation, like a transverse rounded ridge in caudal part (Figs 2E, F; 3C, D). Paraprocts rather regularly convex, each with a row of several setae at medial margin and 2+2 setae more laterally (Fig. 3C, D). Hypoproct rather evidently but broadly emarginate caudally to receive ventral edges of paraprocts, with 1+1 strongly separated setae near caudal margin (Fig. 3C).</p> <p>Ventral flaps behind gonopod opening on male segment 7 barely distinguishable as low swellings, not forming a marked transverse ridge (Fig. 3E, F).</p> <p>Legs short, on midbody segments about 3/4 length of segment height (Figs 2B, D, E; 3B). Claw at base with a strong accessory spine almost half as long as claw itself (Fig. 5D). Tarsi characteristically fringed terminally, some of terminal setae with scattered denticles (Fig. 5D).</p> <p>Male legs 1 highly characteristic (Figs 4D; 6A) in being very strongly reduced, represented only by a sternum devoid of any median or paramedian structures but carrying 1+1 strongly separated prongs, both evidently curved posteriad and bearing several strong setae and a minute tubercle (vestige of legs) at base on caudal face. Male legs 2 very slightly hypertrophied, only claw and, anteriorly, coxa somewhat reduced; penes broad, oblong-subtrapeziform, each with 2 or 3 strong setae distolaterally (Figs 4E; 6B). Male legs 3 modified in having coxa especially slender and elongate (Fig. 4F).</p> <p>Anterior gonopods (Figs 5A, B; 6C) with a typical shield-like coxosternum which is modestly setose on caudal face and provided with a pair of con- spicuous, high, terminally coiled, mesal processes (visible also in situ, Fig. 3E). Telopodite small but movable, 1-segmented, lateral in position, with 2 or 3 strong apical setae and a field of small setae at base, slightly longer than adjacent lateral corner of coxosternum. Posterior gonopods (Figs 5C; 6D) very compact, coxite medio-apically with a plumose distal process and a hyaline lobe, telopodite setose both laterally and medially, lower than both coxal process and lobe.</p> <p>Vulvae very simple, bare, modestly emarginate medially (Fig. 6G, H). Female legs 1 and 2 as in Figure 6E, F, female coxa 3 as slender as in male (Fig. 6G).</p> <p>Early juvenile stadia recognised by normal, large ozoporiferous tubercles on segments 5 and 6, these tubercles being considerably reduced in size on subsequent segments.</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>The above is the first formal record of G. granulatus in Fiji.</p> <p>Based on the original description and illustrations of G. vulgatus alone (Zhang &amp; Li 1982), it is clear that this taxon does not differ in any way from G. granulatus, thus justifying the above new synonymy. The far-inland record of G. granulatus (= G. vulgatus) in Guangxi Province, southern China suggests a continental Chinese origin of this species, which has since become established on numerous tropical islands all over the globe. The port of Hong Kong seems to have been a plausible outlet for the recent expansion of G. granulatus through human agency. The fact that, of all the numerous congeners, only this species that has attained such a vast distribution seems to be rooted in its biology and ecology, the most relevant traits being its fairly small size (on average the smallest) and, apparently, a relatively rapid development, suggested indirectly by the observations of Enghoff (1993) and Mauriès &amp; Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin (1997). The ontogeny of certain cambalopsids is unique among Diplopoda in containing a haplopodous early juvenile stage (third?). At this stage, all body segments after the sixth are only equipped with a single pair of legs!In G. granulatus, the total number of such segments is only up to 13, as opposed to 18 in G. subgranulatus n. sp. and G. semigranulatus n. sp. (see below), 19 in Trachyjulus tjampeanus (Attems, 1903), from Java, Indonesia (NB: in the abundant material of cambalopsids taken from numerous caves from all over Java and accumu- lated at MNHN, we have only encountered this species!), and 28 in Glyphiulus zorzini, a southern Chinese cavernicole. In addition, in the Hawaiis, G. granulatus has been recorded as a myrmecophile (Crosland 1994).</p> <p>Similarly, based solely on the original descriptions of G. septentrionalis and G. multicarinus (cf. Murakami 1975; Zhang &amp; Li 1982), it is clear that these species cannot be separated, agreeing perfectly with each other in every character. Hence the new synonymy advanced: G. septentrionalis Murakami, 1975 = G. multicarinus Zhang &amp; Li, 1982. The occurrence of this species on Okinawa, Ryukyus, both in caves and epigeically (Murakami 1975), seems only to represent a recent introduction through human agency, with southern China definitely having served as the source area. Much like G. granulatus, G. septentrionalis is a relatively small species (adults 17-30 mm long), but the number of segments is usually considerably higher (43-66p+4-1a+T), implying a longer development, which apparently reduces its vagility.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A22B3046FCA90270FEDAFB79	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A2213058FF450270FB77F935.text	03F4C378A2213058FF450270FB77F935.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus subgranulatus Golovatch & Geoffroy & Mauriès & Spiegel 2007	<div><p>Glyphiulus subgranulatus n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 7-9)</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — China. Yunnan Prov., Mengzi County, cave near footpath to plateau, 5.I.1989, leg. P. Beron, holotype ♂ (NMNHS); paratypes 7 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀, 11 juv. (NMNHS); 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN GA 035); 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (ZMUM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ZMUC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MCSNV); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (SEM). — Yunnan Prov., Mengzi County, Pothole No. 2 (Ma Fa Tiao Dong), 6.I.1989, leg. P. Beron, paratype 1 ♀ (NMNHS).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — To emphasize the obvious similarity to G. granulatus.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Differs from the most similar congeners by the crests on the collum being underdeveloped (especially so anteriorly), the body segments somewhat compressed laterally, the anterior gonopods with unusually slender telopodites, etc.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of adults of both sexes 19-28 mm, width 1.0- 1.3 mm; males usually a little shorter and more slender than females. Coloration much as in G. granulatus, variegate, yellow-brown, with a dark brown vertex, blackish ocellaria, mainly brown crests on collum and grey-brownish lateral longitudinal stripes running down from dark brown ozoporiferous tubercles; dorsum generally light, but a thin axial line mostly present due to darker median crests.</p> <p>Adults with 38-52p+5-2a+T in males, 39-63p+5- 1a+T in females; largest juvenile ♂ with 31p+3a+T; two smallest juveniles with 17 or 18 haplopodous segments after 6th, plus 2a+T. Holotype about 23 mm long, 1.0 mm wide, with 47p+2a+T.</p> <p>Other characters as in G. granulatus, including mentum either divided (n = 1) (Fig. 9B) or undivided (n = 1) (Fig. 7A), 11-18 ocelli, antennae (Figs 8A; 9A), the carinotaxy formulae (Fig. 7 B-F), claw, posterior gonopod structure (Fig. 9F, G), male legs 1 and 2 (Figs 8D; 9C, D), telson (Fig. 8B), etc., but body size much larger (see above); segments compressed laterally (Fig. 8C); crests on collum (7+m+7 at caudal margin) evidently reduced in size, almost obsolete anteromedially (Figs 7B; 8A); legs somewhat longer (about 4/5 as long as body height); anterior gonopods with telopodites more slender, while the coxosternum has much shorter distomedian outgrowths and acute distolateral corners (Fig. 9E).</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>In the absence of evident troglomorphic traits, this species can only be considered as troglophilic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A2213058FF450270FB77F935	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A23E305AFF5E048CFD9EF935.text	03F4C378A23E305AFF5E048CFD9EF935.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus paragranulatus Golovatch & Geoffroy & Mauriès & Spiegel 2007	<div><p>Glyphiulus paragranulatus n. sp. (Figs 10-12)</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — China. Yunnan Prov., Jianshui County, Yan Dong Cave, 12.I.1989, leg. P. Beron, holotype ♂ (NMNHS); paratypes 2 ♀♀, 1 fragm. juv. (NMNHS); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MNHN GA 036); 1 ♂ (ZMUM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (SEM).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — To emphasize the obvious similarity to G. granulatus.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Differs from the most similar congeners by the antennae being more slender, the body segments somewhat compressed laterally, the ocellaria only slightly reduced, the accessory spine at the claw base especially prominent, the anterior gonopod coxosternum with small but evident distomedial outgrowths.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of adults of both sexes 18-25 mm, width 1.0- 1.2 mm. General coloration pallid, pattern much as in G. granulatus, but ocellaria light brown while lateral stripes level to ozoporiferous tubercles narrow.</p> <p>Adults with 39-45p+2-1a+T. Holotype about 25 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, with 44p+2a+T.</p> <p>Other characters as in G. granulatus, including gnathochilarium (divided into pro- and eumentum, n = 1) (Fig. 12B), the carinotaxy formulae (Figs 10 A-D; 11B), telson (Figs 10E, F; 11A), male legs 1-3 (Fig. 12 C-E), posterior gonopod structure (Figs 11E; 12G, H), etc., but body size much larger (see above); segments compressed laterally (Fig. 11B); antennae slightly elongate (Figs 10A, B; 12A); claw with a particularly prominent spine at base (Fig. 11D); only some 9-11 ocelli in adults; legs somewhat longer (about as long as body height) (Figs 10D; 11C); anterior gonopod coxosternum with small but curved distomedian outgrowths and acute distolateral corners (Figs 11F; 12F).</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>Even though there are some indications of troglomorphism in this species (pallid general coloration, somewhat elongated antennae and legs), its troglophily seems more likely than troglobiosis. The morphological evidence being inconclusive, without further observations this problem can never be solved. On the other hand, Bollmania beroni Stoev &amp; Enghoff, 2005 (Diplopoda, Callipodida, Caspiopetalidae Lohmander,1931), a presumed troglobitic millipede, occurs in the same cave (Stoev &amp; Enghoff 2005).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A23E305AFF5E048CFD9EF935	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A23D305DFD6A0156FDCEFA37.text	03F4C378A23D305DFD6A0156FDCEFA37.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus semigranulatus Golovatch & Geoffroy & Mauriès & Spiegel 2007	<div><p>Glyphiulus semigranulatus n. sp. (Figs 13; 14)</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — China. Yunnan Prov., Meele (= Mile) County, Bai Long Dong Cave (= White Dragon Cave),</p> <p>2.I.1989, leg. P. Beron, holotype ♂ (NMNHS); paratypes 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NMNHS); 1 ♀ (SEM); 1 ♂ (MNHN GA 037). — Yunnan Prov., Jianshui County, Yan Zi Dong Cave, 10.I.1989, leg. P. Beron, paratypes 5 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 4 juv. (NMNHS); 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN GA 037); 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (ZMUM); 2♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (ZMUC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MCSNV); 1 ♂ (SEM).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — To emphasize the obvious similarity to G. granulatus.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Differs by a position somewhat intermediate between the most similar congeners G. granulatus and G. paragranulatus n. sp., i.e. coloration, carinotaxy,</p> <p>antennae, claws, etc., as in G. granulatus, but size, segment shape, leg length and anterior gonopods more like in G. paragranulatus n. sp.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of adults of both sexes 12-24 mm, width 0.8-1.2 mm.</p> <p>Adults of both sexes with 31-64p+5-1a+T; largest juvenile ♂ with 28p+5a+T, largest juvenile ♀ with 27p+5a+T; two smallest juveniles with 15 or 18 haplopodous segments after 6th, plus 2a+T or 1a+T, respectively.Length of holotype about 22 mm, width 1.0 mm, with 45p+3a+T.</p> <p>Coloration, carinotaxy (Fig. 13 A-E), antennae (Figs 13A; 14A), gnathochilarium, claws, etc. (Fig. 14 B-D, F, G) basically as in G. granulatus, but body size (usually much larger), segment shape (slightly compressed laterally) (Fig. 13C), telson (Fig. 13E, F) with peculiar flaps on paraprocts near hypoproct (Fig. 13F), legs (somewhat longer) and anterior gonopods (Fig. 14E) more like those of G. paragranulatus n. sp. Adults with 11-15 ocelli.</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>In the absence of any evident troglomorphic traits, this species can only be considered as troglophilic at most. This is supported by G. semigranulatus n. sp. being present in several relatively strongly isolated caves, sometimes in significant numbers.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A23D305DFD6A0156FDCEFA37	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A23A305FFF6E02B6FCCAFAD6.text	03F4C378A23A305FFF6E02B6FCCAFAD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus beroni Golovatch & Geoffroy & Mauriès & Spiegel 2007	<div><p>Glyphiulus beroni n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 15; 16)</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — China. Yunnan Prov., Jianshui County, Cave Ba Guo Dong, 11.I.1989, leg. P. Beron, holotype ♂ (NMNHS); paratypes 2 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, 3 juv. (NMNHS);</p> <p>2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN GA 038); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ZMUM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ZMUC); 1 ♀ (SEM).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — Honours Petar Beron, the collector.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Differs by the crests just below and above the ozopore-bearing crests being divided into three, not two, transverse rows of tubercles, coupled with an evident mediodorsal tubercle present in front of the caudal edge of the epiproct.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of adults 11-17 (♂) or 12-24 mm (♀), width 0.8-1.0 (♂) or 0.8-1.3 mm (♀). Coloration nearly entirely light yellowish, only ocellaria brown, as well as sometimes a vague lateral line level to ozoporiferous crests.</p> <p>Adults with 28-40p+5-2a+T (♂) or 28-53p+5- 1a+T (♀); largest juvenile ♂ with 27p+5a+T, largest juvenile ♀ with 27p+4a+T. Length of holotype about 17 mm, width 1.0 mm, with 40p+2a+T.</p> <p>Carinotaxy of collum typical (Fig. 15A, B), that of trunk segments generally typical but, starting from segment 7 until 6 or 7 penultimate segments, crests just below as well as between ozopores divided into three, not two, transverse rows of tubercles (Fig. 15C, D). An evident middorsal tubercle just above caudal edge of epiproct (Fig. 15E).</p> <p>Antennae (Figs 15A, B; 16A), legs (Fig. 16B, C), claws, posterior gonopods (Fig. 16E, F), etc., as in G. granulatus, but body size (often much larger), segment shape (slightly compressed laterally) and anterior gonopods (Fig. 16D) more like those of G. semigranulatus n. sp. Adults with 5-13 ocelli. Male legs 1 with tubercular leg vestiges near base of prongs (Fig. 16B).</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>In the absence of any clearly troglomorphic traits, except perhaps for its nearly completely unpigmented body and the somewhat reduced ocellaria, this species can hardly be considered as more than troglophilic.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A23A305FFF6E02B6FCCAFAD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A2383051FCB302D1FB9AFA99.text	03F4C378A2383051FCB302D1FB9AFA99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus bedosae Golovatch & Geoffroy & Mauriès & Spiegel 2007	<div><p>Glyphiulus bedosae n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 17; 18)</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Laos. Luang Prabang Prov., Nong Kiaw (= Muang Ngoy), Tham Pha Kouang Cave, 29.XII.2000, leg. A. Bedos &amp; L. Deharveng (LAO-099), holotype ♂ (MNHN GA 039); paratypes 1 ♂ (MNHN GA 039), 1 ♀ (SEM). ETYMOLOGY. — Honours Anne Bedos, one of the collectors.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Differs from other species by the paraprocts showing a clear median marginal ridge, combined with a plumose spatuliform distal process of the posterior gonopods and a subunciform distomedian corner of the anterior gonopods.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of adults of both sexes 16-20 mm, width 1.0- 1.1 mm.</p> <p>Holotype 16 mm long, 1.0 mm wide, with 40p+3a+T and 11 ocelli; paratype ♂ about 20 mm long, 1.1 mm wide, with 54p+2a+T and 14 ocelli.</p> <p>Coloration, antennae (Figs 17A; 18A), gnathochilarium (mentum divided, n = 1) (Fig. 18B), carinotaxy (Fig. 17 A-E), segment shape, legs (Fig. 18 C-F), etc., generally as in G. granulatus, but paraprocts with a low, but evident, median marginal ridge (Fig. 17F).</p> <p>Anterior gonopods like those of G. semigranulatus n. sp. (Fig. 18G), but posterior gonopods with a plumose spatuliform distal process (Fig. 18H), i.e. much as in G. quadrohamatus or G. lipsorum.</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>In the absence of any troglomorphic traits, this species can only be considered troglophilic at most.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A2383051FCB302D1FB9AFA99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A2363053FC800210FE2FF935.text	03F4C378A2363053FC800210FE2FF935.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus deharvengi Golovatch & Geoffroy & Mauriès & Spiegel 2007	<div><p>Glyphiulus deharvengi n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 19; 20)</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — China. Hunan Prov., Longshan: Huoyan, Feihu Dong Cave (Flying Tiger Cave), 11.VIII.1995, leg. A. Bedos &amp; L. Deharveng (CHI- 022), holotype ♂ (MNHN GA 040); paratype 1 ♂ (MNHN GA 040). — Hunan Prov., Longshan, Huoyan, Baiyan Dong Cave (White Rocks Cave), 15.VIII.1995, leg. A. Bedos &amp; L. Deharveng (CHI- 032), paratypes 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 ♀ juv. (MNHN GA 040); 1 ♂ (ZMUM). — Hunan Prov., Longshan: Huoyan, Renmi Dong Cave, 19.VIII.1995, leg. A. Bedos &amp; L. Deharveng (CHI-043); paratypes 1 ♂ (MNHN GA 040); 1 ♀ (SEM).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — Honours Louis Deharveng, one of the collectors.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Differs by the relatively large size, the nearly completely smooth collum, the complete depigmentation (even of ocellaria), the elongated legs (with claws devoid of a spine at base from leg 4 onwards), the low, but evident, transverse pleural ridge behind the gonopod opening on male segment 7, the bare but flagelliform distal process of the posterior gonopods, etc.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of adults of both sexes 40-55 mm, width 2.0- 2.3 mm. Coloration usually uniformly dark brown due to heavy sclerotization, tegument being coloured only due to chitin; sometimes ozoporiferous tubercles reddish.</p> <p>Adults with 55-68p+4-1a+T; juvenile ♀ with 40p+5a+T, recognised by considerably reduced ozoporiferous tubercles on segments 7-33, plus 5a+T. Length of holotype about 55 mm, width 2.3 mm, with 67p+1a+T.</p> <p>Antennae slightly more elongate than usual (Figs 19A; 20A). Ocellaria unpigmented, barely traceable, with about 10 or 11 ocelli in largest specimens. Gnathochilarium (Fig. 20B) with an undivided mentum (n = 1).</p> <p>Carinotaxy of collum unusual in that all crests are nearly obliterated (Fig. 19A, B), though a typical pattern is traceable. Carinotaxy of subsequent metaterga typical (Fig. 19 A-C, E), but crests low, especially dorsal ones on segments 2-6; only two lateral crests below ozoporiferous ones, divided from segment 7 onwards, followed by a dozen striae. A low, but evident, transverse pleural ridge behind gonopod opening on male segment 7. Epiproct slightly elongate apically, more narrowly rounded than usual; hypoproct more narrowly emarginate at caudal margin (Fig. 19D).</p> <p>Legs elongate (Fig. 20F), claws strongly elongate, without a spine near base starting from leg 4 (Fig. 19F).</p> <p>Male legs 1 with vestigial tubercular coxites (Fig. 20C). Penes with 4 or 5 long setae distolaterally (Fig. 20D), male legs 3 elongate, much as in G. granulatus (Fig. 20E). Anterior gonopods with small subunciform protuberances at median corners of coxosternum (Fig. 20G). Posterior gonopods with a flagelliform but bare distal process (Fig. 20H).</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>Based on its evident troglomorphic traits, this species seems to be a troglobite.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A2363053FC800210FE2FF935	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A2343054FC9103D2FC67FA57.text	03F4C378A2343054FC9103D2FC67FA57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus pergranulatus Golovatch & Geoffroy & Mauriès & Spiegel 2007	<div><p>Glyphiulus pergranulatus n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 21-23)</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — China. Guizhou Prov., Guanling County, Huajiang, Da Dong Cave, 4.IV.2004, leg. L. Latella &amp; Ghen Hu, holotype ♂ (MNHN GA 041); paratypes 1 ♂ (MNHN GA 041); 1 ♀ (SEM). — Guizhou Prov., Guanling County, Huajiang, An Jia Da Dong Cave, 4.IV.2004, leg. L. Latella &amp; R. Zorzin, paratype 1 ♀ (MNHN GA 041).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — To emphasize the close affinities to G. granulatus.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Characterized by the somewhat larger ocellaria, the underdeveloped tergal crests (becoming almost obliterated in the median part of the collum), coupled with the medium body size, slightly elongated legs, simple anterior gonopods, etc. DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of holotype and of paratype ♀ from An Jia Da Dong about 30 mm, of paratype ♂ about 33 mm, width 1.5, 1.5 and 1.7 mm, with 56p+2a+T, 67p+1a+T and 57p+2a+T, respectively.</p> <p>Coloration, antennae (Figs 21A; 23A), segment shape (Fig. 22D), carinotaxy patterns (Fig. 21), male legs 1-3 (Fig. 23 B-D), etc., as in G. granulatus, but tergal crests somewhat underdeveloped (Figs 21; 22B, D), almost obliterated in median part of collum (Fig. 21A, B). Ocellaria rounded-triangular, black, each with 23-25 poorly convex ocelli. Claws slightly longer, spine at base slightly shorter (Fig. 22C); legs about 4/5 as long as midbody height (Fig. 23E). Epiproct with a faint but evident middorsal tubercle (Fig. 22B); hypoproct more narrowly emarginate at caudal margin (Fig. 22A).</p> <p>Anterior gonopod coxosternum particularly simple (Fig. 23F). Posterior gonopods with a typical flagelliform and plumose distal process (Fig. 23G, H).</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>Even though taken from caves, this species seems to represent only a troglophile at most. However, this cave harbours another, apparently troglobitic congener from a different species group, to be described elsewhere.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A2343054FC9103D2FC67FA57	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A2333057FCBE0156FF34F9D4.text	03F4C378A2333057FCBE0156FF34F9D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus latellai Golovatch & Geoffroy & Mauriès & Spiegel 2007	<div><p>Glyphiulus latellai n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 24-26)</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — China. Guizhou Prov., Gianxi County, Hong Lin Village, Chang Tu Dong Cave, 13.XI.2003, leg. L. Latella, holotype ♂ (MNHN GA 042); paratypes 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (MNHN GA 042), 1 ♀ (SEM). — Same locality, 3.IV.2004, leg. L. Latella, paratype 1 ♀ (MCSNV). — Guizhou Prov., Gianxi County, Hong Lin Village, Xiao Dong Cave, 16.XI.2003, leg. Latella &amp; Cioperelli-Repetto, paratype 1 ♂ (ZMUM). — Guizhou Prov., Gianxi County, Hong Lin Village, Xi Xiang Dong Cave, 14.XI.2001, leg. L. Latella, paratype 1♀ (MNHN GA 042). — Guizhou Prov., Gianxi County, Hong Lin Village, Dayan Dong Cave, 22.XI.2003, leg. L. Latella, paratype 1 ♀ (ZMUC). — Guizhou Prov., Gianxi County, Hong Lin Village, Tiao Shuz Dong Cave, 18.XI.2001, leg. L. Latella, D. Avesani &amp; G. Rossi, paratypes 1 ♀, 3 juv. (MNHN GA 042); 1 ♀ (SEM). — Guizhou Prov., Gianxi County, Hong Lin Village, Lu Diao Ai Dong Cave (= Cow Fell Down Cave), XI.2003, leg. L. Latella, paratype 1 ♂ (NMNHS). — Guizhou Prov., Gianxi County, Hong Lin Village, Shu Jia Yan Dong Cave, 17.XI.2001, leg. Latella &amp; Berzacola, paratypes 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv. (MNHN GA 042). — Guizhou Prov., Gianxi County, Ishui Luo Dong Cave, 20.XI.2001, leg. L. Latella, paratype 1 ♂ (MNHN GA 042).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — Honours Leonardo Latella, the collector.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Differs from congeners by the strongly reduced crests on the collum and metaterga, the completely undivided dorsal crests (the mediodorsal ones also undivided anteriorly), the complete depigmentation (even of ocellaria), the evidently elongated antennae and legs, the low, but evident, transverse pleural ridge behind the gonopod opening on male segment 7, etc.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of adults of both sexes 18-45 mm, width 1.3-2.0 mm. Coloration usually uniformly dark brown due to heavy sclerotization, sometimes ozoporiferous tubercles reddish; more rarely, coloration uniform yellowish.</p> <p>Adults of both sexes with 42-63p+6-1a+T; largest juveniles (♀) with 35p+4a+T or 36p+5a+T. Length of holotype about 30 mm, width 1.3 mm, with 50p+3a+T.</p> <p>Antennae much more elongate than usual (Figs 24A; 26A), with especially numerous and dense distodorsal sensilla on antennomeres 5 and 6 (Fig. 25C). Ocellaria, if any, unpigmented, ocelli, when present, 1-11, irregularly spaced, barely traceable. Gnathochilarium usual, mentum divided (n = 2) (Fig. 26B).</p> <p>Carinotaxy of collum rather typical, though hardly traceable because of crests being nearly obliterated, especially anteromedially (Fig. 24A, B). Carinotaxy of subsequent metaterga deviating slightly from typical formula (Figs 24; 25B) in that none of the dorsal crests is divided transversely or longitudinally; all crests somewhat reduced (Fig. 25B), with only 2 or 3 very low lateral ones (formula 2(3)+I+3+I+2(3)). From segment 7 on, crest below “I” (i.e. below ozoporiferous tubercle) poorly divided at about midway; further ventrad, segments with 1 or 2 barely distinguishable crests followed by about a dozen fine striae (Fig. 24A, D). A low, but evident, transverse pleural ridge present behind gonopod opening on male segment 7. Epiproct slightly elongate apically, more narrowly rounded than usual; hypoproct more narrowly emarginate at caudal margin (Fig. 25A).</p> <p>Legs elongate (Fig. 25B), about as long as midbody height; claws strongly elongate, with a small spine near base on legs of anterior 1/5-1/4 body (Fig. 26F), thereafter devoid of any basal spines (Fig. 25D). Male legs 1 with rudimentary tubercular coxites (Fig. 26C); male legs 2 and 3 typical (Fig. 26D, E).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A2333057FCBE0156FF34F9D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A20F3069FF6D0253FC4EF935.text	03F4C378A20F3069FF6D0253FC4EF935.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus basalis Golovatch & Geoffroy & Mauriès & Spiegel 2007	<div><p>Glyphiulus basalis n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 27-29)</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. — China. Sichuan Prov., Xin Long County, Gan Chuan Cave, Nos 414, 417 and 421, 6.VIII.1999, leg. J. &amp; B. Lips, holotype ♂ (MNHN GA 043); paratypes 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ (MNHN GA 043); 1 ♀ (ZMUM); 1 ♀ (ZMUC); 1 ♀ (SEM).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — To emphasize the presumed basal position of this species within the group.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. — Differs primarily by the retained telopodites of male legs 1, coupled with the large size, the crests on the collum and the spines at claw base both strongly reduced, the crests on metaterga reduced but the ozoporiferous tubercles high, the troglomorphic traits (complete depigmentation, the lack of ocelli, the evidently elongated antennae and legs), the low, but evident, transverse pleural ridge behind the gonopod opening on male segment 7.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p>Length of ♂, 30-32 mm, width 1.8 mm; of ♀, 23-42 and 1.5-2.2 mm, respectively. Length of holotype about 30 mm, width 1.3 mm. Coloration usually uniformly yellowish, sometimes dark red-brown due to heavy sclerotization.</p> <p>Holotype with 48p+3a+T; ♂ paratype with 45p+4+T; ♀ paratypes with 40-59p+4-1a+T.</p> <p>Antennae much more elongate than usual (Figs 27A; 29A). Ocelli absent. Gnathochilarium with (n = 1) or without (n = 2) division of mentum (Fig. 29B).</p> <p>Crests on collum, dorsad of a well-developed lateral carina, nearly completely obliterated, pattern visible only as (4)5+m+5(4) extremely faint undulations at caudal margin (Fig. 27A, B). Carinotaxy of subsequent metaterga typical (Fig. 27D; 28D), but only two crests present below rather strikingly elongated ozoporiferous tubercles; all other crests distinctly underdeveloped (Figs 27A, D; 28A, C). From segment 7 or 8 on, median crest clearly doubled anteriorly (Fig. 27D). Midbody segments round in crosssection (Fig. 28C). A low, but evident, transverse pleural ridge present behind gonopod opening on male segment 7. Epiproct narrower caudally, hypoproct more narrowly emarginate at caudal margin (Fig. 28B).</p> <p>Legs elongate (Figs 27C; 28C; 29F), longer than midbody height; claws strongly elongate, with a very small spine at base (Fig. 28D). Male legs 1 unusual in being fully leg-like, only very modestly reduced:a coxa, a 3-segmented telopodite and a claw supplied with a spine at base are all very clearly expressed (Fig. 29C); male legs 2 and 3 typical (Fig. 29D, E), but penes devoid of strong setae distolaterally.</p> <p>Anterior gonopods with evident, subunciform protuberances at median corners of coxosternum (Fig. 29G). Posterior gonopods with a flagelliform and micropilose distal process (Fig. 29H).</p> <p>REMARKS</p> <p>Based on morphological evidence alone, this species seems to be a troglobite.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A20F3069FF6D0253FC4EF935	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
03F4C378A20C306CFE970785FB88FE9C.text	03F4C378A20C306CFE970785FB88FE9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyphiulus Gervais 1847	<div><p>KEY TO SPECIES OF GLYPHIULUS GERVAIS, 1847 OF THE GRANULATUS- GROUP</p> <p>1. Carinotaxy patterns of collum and body segments typical, all crests well-developed: carinotaxy formula of collum: I-VI+7a+pc+ma+pc+7a+VI-I, i.e. middle part of collum with two abbreviated paramedian crests over front 2/3 collum, as well as three abbreviated crests medially in caudal 1/3 collum (Figs 2A; 10B; 13B; 15B; 17B); carinotaxy of midbody segments 3(2)+I+4+I+3(2) and 3(2)+i+3+i+3(2) (Figs 2 B-F; 3B; 7C-F; 10C, D; 13C, D; 17C, D; 19A-C, E; 21; 22D; 27D), rarely even with a third row of 3(2)+i+3+i+3(2) (Fig. 15C, D), but median crest always doubled anteriorly. Relatively small species:length of adults ≤ 25 mm, width ≤ 1.3 mm........................................................................... 2</p> <p>— Carinotaxy patterns of collum and body segments deviating from the typical ones, i.e. crests on collum either at least partly obliterated (Figs 7B; 19A, B; 21B; 24A, B; 27A, B) or, more seldom, showing a different formula, or some crests hypertrophied and differentiated, whereas midbody segments with either a typical (2+I+4+I+2 and 2+i+3+i+2) or an atypical formula, e.g., 3(2)+I+3+I+3(2) (Fig. 24). Often larger species.............. 7</p> <p>2. Midbody segments in cross-section slightly compressed laterally (Fig. 13C). Legs slightly elongate, about as long as midbody height. Yunnan Prov., China............................... 3</p> <p>— Midbody segments round in cross-section (Figs 3B; 19E; 22D; 25B), not compressed laterally. Legs usually slightly shorter, rarely evidently longer, than midbody height.... 4</p> <p>3. Antennae elongate (Fig. 12A). Spine at base of claw more than half as long as claw (Figs 11D; 12D, E)................................................................. G. paragranulatus n. sp.</p> <p>— Antennae stout (Fig. 14A). Spine at base of claw less than half as long as claw (Fig. 14D)................................................................................................. G. semigranulatus n. sp.</p> <p>4. Crests on midbody segments divided into three tubercles (Fig. 15D, E). Epiproct with a small but evident middorsal tubercle (Fig. 15E). Posterior gonopods with a plumose and subflagelliform distal process (Fig. 16E, F)........................................... G. beroni n. sp.</p> <p>— Crests on midbody segments divided into two tubercles (Figs 2D; 7C, D; 17C, D; 21C, D). Epiproct without a middorsal tubercle (Figs 2E; 17E). Posterior gonopods with a plumose but subspatuliform distal process (Fig. 18H)................................................ 5</p> <p>5. Paraprocts evidently elevated, ridge-like along midline (Fig. 17F). Anterior gonopods with thicker telopodites, distomedial corners subunciform (Fig. 18G). Northern Laos..................................................................................................................... G. bedosae n. sp.</p> <p>— Paraprocts virtually flat and smooth at midline (Figs 3C, D; 8B; 25D). Anterior gonopods with telopodites more slender, distomedial corners different....................................... 6</p> <p>6. Legs evidently shorter than midbody height (Fig. 3B). Antennae short and stout (Figs 3A; 4A). Anterior gonopods with characteristic, very high, distomedial processes (Figs 3E; 5A, B; 6C). Pantropical........................................................................... G. granulatus</p> <p>— Legs only slightly shorter than midbody height. Antennae slightly longer and more slender (more like in Figure 26A). Anterior gonopods much like in Figure 18G, distomedial processes low and broadly rounded. Hubei Prov., China............................ G. lipsorum</p> <p>7. Collum conspicuously hypertrophied due to crests I-IV, but paramedian crests complete and contrastingly low in anterior 1/3 collum. Vestigial 2-segmented leg remains on male sternum 1. Anterior gonopods much as in G. granulatus (Fig. 5A, B), distomedial processes similarly high but much wider. Posterior gonopods strongly constricted in distal 1/3. Mountains of central Vietnam.................................................................. G. capucinus</p> <p>— Collum not hypertrophied, often some of its crests more or less obliterated. Male legs 1 either completely reduced to 1-segmented tubercular (usually) or leg-like. Anterior gonopods usually with much lower distomedial processes, if any. Posterior gonopods not so constricted in distal part (Fig. 7F, G)...................................................................... 8</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4C378A20C306CFE970785FB88FE9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Golovatch, Sergei I.;Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques;Mauriès, Jean-Paul;Spiegel, Didier Van Den	Golovatch, Sergei I., Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques, Mauriès, Jean-Paul, Spiegel, Didier Van Den (2007): Review of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of new species from Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae). Part 1: the granulatus-group. Zoosystema 29 (1): 7-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392079
