taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F4DF38FFE26641FF5069CBBA5B5348.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Usechus lacerta Motschulsky, 1845	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE26641FF5069CBBA5B5348.taxon	discussion	Taxonomic assignment. The studied inclusion is placed in the subfamily Zopherinae within the family Zopheridae based on the combination of the following characters: (1) antennae 11 - segmented with 3 - segmented club; (2) antennal insertions concealed under lateral expansion of frons; (3) 5 - 5 - 4 tarsal formula; (4) abdominal ventrite 1 slightly longer than ventrite 2; and (5) intercoxal process of abdominal ventrite 1 arcuate apically. The fossil specimen is assigned to the tribe Usechini based on the unique character of the group, namely possessing deep anterolateral antennal cavities on the pronotum. Externally closed procoxal cavities and pronotal disc without transverse basal groove suggest placement in the genus Usechus. Despite several characters of ventral side not being discernible in the beetle under study, we place the new species in Usechus based on the presence of the above-listed set of external characters.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 4)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: No. KAM 8820 [KRAM]; “ * Holotype / Usechus / andrushchenkoi sp. nov. / Alekseev et Bukejs des. 2024 ” [red handwritten label]; adult, sex unknown; submentum and last abdominal ventrite not observable in the specimen. A complete beetle is included in a parallelepipedic, transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 23 × 15 mm and a maximum thickness of 6 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. The amber piece with the studied specimen was accidentally cracked during mechanical processing and then glued together. As a result, the state of preservation and visibility of the inclusion lying at the junction of the amber layers deteriorated: the cuticle was destructed in some places (antennomeres), and air bubbles appeared in cracks and on the surface of the inclusion in some places (head). Ventral side of specimen is obscured by “ milky ” opacity. Syninclusions: a few small stellate Fagaceae trichomes. Type stratum. Baltic amber from Eocene amber-bearing Blaue Erde deposits; estimated age: middle – late Eocene (Standke 1998). Type locality. Yantarny settlement (formerly Palmnicken), Sambian (Samland) Peninsula, Kaliningrad Region, Russia.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6.taxon	description	Description. Measurements: total body length 4.1 mm, maximum body width (across elytra) 1.4 mm; pronotal length 0.9 mm, maximum pronotal width 1.3 mm, basal pronotal width 1.0 mm; elytral length (along the elytral suture, including scutellum) 2.9 mm; antennal length 0.6 mm. Body subparallel-sided, elongate, 2.9 × longer than wide; weakly convex dorsally and ventrally; unicolorous black (as preserved). Pubescence: pronotum covered with decumbent, narrow, elongate setae directed anteriad and laterad; elytra homogenously covered with shorter, decumbent, narrow, elongate setae, not forming patches. Head partially retracted in pronotum, transverse, widest across eyes, not constricted behind eyes, and without temples. Compound eyes vertical, reniform (emarginate anteriorly at antennal base), flat, not visible in dorsal view, apparently without interfacetal setation. Antennal insertions concealed dorsally by lateral expansion of frons; antennal grooves ventral to eye absent. Antennae short, stout, extending to about middle of pronotum; 11 - segmented with 3 - segmented weakly flattened club; scape short, subquadrate; pedicel subcylindrical, longest; antennomeres 3 – 6 as long as wide, rounded; antennomeres 7 – 8 weakly transverse; antennomeres 9 – 10 widest, subtrapezoidal, transverse; antennomere 10 shorter than antennomere 9, about 2 × as wide as long; antennomere 11 round and weakly flattened, as long as wide. Pronotum nearly hexagonal, transverse, 1.4 × as wide as long; deep anterolateral antennal cavities extend to middle of pronotal length and end in round fossa; widest point at middle, coinciding with endpoint of antennal cavities; distinctly narrowed anteriad and posteriad, with maximum pronotal width / basal pronotal width = 1.3; basally bordered. Pronotal disc convex medially, without transverse basal groove; lateral sides explanate, bordered. Pronotal surface coarsely granulate. Anterior and posterior pronotal angles obtuse. Prothoracic notosternal suture complete. Hypomeron densely granulose. Intercoxal prosternal process elonagte, distinctly widened apically and forming posterolateral projections extending to posterior margin of procoxae. Procoxal cavity closed posteriorly by projection of hypomeron and posterolateral projection of intercoxal prosternal process. Scutellar shield small, cordate, transverse, about 2.0 × as wide as long. Elytra almost parallel-sided within anterior two-thirds of their length, tapered at apex, convex, 2.1 × as long as wide combined, and 3.2 × longer than pronotum. Humeral angles rounded. Elytra striate-punctate. Scutellary striole not apparent. Interstriae convex, without tubercles. Epipleura well-developed, widest in basal half, slightly narrowing posteriorly, reaching elytral apices. Metathoracic wings not apparent. Legs short, rather robust. Procoxa nearly rounded, narrowly separated; metacoxae narrowly oval, transverse, separated by about one longitudinal diameter of metacoxa. Pro- and mesofemora nearly spindle-shaped, slightly widened; metafemora weakly curved; femora and tibiae subequal in length. Tibiae with fringe of setae apically. Tarsal formula 5 - 5 - 4; tarsomeres with fine setation ventrally; metatarsomere 4 longest, as long as metatarsomeres 2 – 3 combined. Claws simple, large, about 0.3 × as long as tarsomere 4. Abdomen with five visible ventrites, abdominal sutures distinct throughout length. Relative length ratios of ventrites 1 – 5 equal to 7: 6: 4: 3: 3. Setation and punctation of ventrites not apparent (possibly absent). Abdominal ventrite 1 with apically rounded intercoxal process in form of equilateral triangle, about as wide as metacoxal length. Ventrite 5 with arcuate posterior margin.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6.taxon	discussion	Remark. The ventral side of the specimen (mesoventrite, metaventite, abdominal ventrites) is obscured by ‘ milky’ opacity making these areas indistinct or insufficiently visible. The closure of mesocoxal cavities (possibly closed) and the presence of impression on abdominal ventrite 5 (= preapical groove) remain unknown.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Usechus andrushchenkoi sp. nov. differs from all extant congeners in the combination of the following characters: relatively long elytra, about 2.1 × as long as wide; weakly developed elytral relief (alternate intervals not costate, tubercles absent); transverse pronotum, 1.4 × as wide as long; distinct scutellar shield; and long pedicel, as long as antennomeres 3 – 5 combined. The new species can be distinguished from all other described Baltic amber Zopheridae by the nearly hexagonal pronotum and the deep anterolateral pronotal antennal cavities.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6.taxon	etymology	Derivatio nominis. Patronymic, the name of new species is dedicated to Konstantin V. Andrushchenko (Kaliningrad), a great enthusiast in collecting Baltic amber insect inclusions, who provided the type specimen for description and donated the amber from his private collection to the museum.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6.taxon	distribution	Distribution of congeners. The genus Usechus has a disjunct Recent distribution (Blaisdell 1929; Kulzer 1960; Saitô 1999; Ślipiński & Lawrence 1999; Kim & Ahn 2009; Jung et al. 2023). The group occurs in western North America (2 species: U. lacerta Motschulsky, 1845 — California; U. nucleatus Casey, 1889 — California, Oregon, Washington) and in East Asia (4 species: U. chujoi Kulzer, 1960 — Japan, Korea; U. tsushimensis Kamiya, 1963 — Japan, Korea; U. ohdaiensis Sasaji, 1987 — Japan; U. sasajii Saito, 1999 — Japan). The fossil species described in the current paper establishes that the tribe Usechini, which restricted to the present-day Holarctic realm, dates to at least the Eocene. It also confirms the presence of the tribe in the Western Palearctic in the Paleogene. The Eastern Palearctic, north-eastern Oriental, Western and Eastern Nearctic Regions are generally regarded as typical refuge areas for Eocene Laurasian relicts (e. g. Andrée 1951; Larsson 1978; Weitschat & Wichard 1998).	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology of congeners. Recent representatives of Usechus occur under the bark and in dead, rotting wood infested by fungi. They have been reported from deciduous (Acer, Quercus) and coniferous trees (Blaisdell 1929; Doyen & Lawrence 1979; Saitô 1999). The Eocene Usechus representative, described herein, could also be associated with an analogous forest community of coniferous and fagacean wood and fungi.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE66645FF506B66BE7E54EB.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Bolitophagus pictus Sturm, 1807	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE66645FF506B66BE7E54EB.taxon	discussion	Taxonomic assignment. The inclusion under study possesses a combination of characters corresponding to the diverse tribe Synchitini within the subfamily Colydiinae: (1) antennal insertions concealed dorsally; (2) antennae distinctly clubbed, glabrous, lacking scale-like setae; (3) procoxal cavities open posteriorly; (4) all tarsi tetramerous, not dilated; (5) protibiae without apical spurs; and (6) metacoxae separated by triangular process of abdominal ventrite 1. The new extinct species is assigned to the genus Coxelus based on the combination of the following characters: antennae 11 - segmented with 2 - segmented club; eyes hemispherical; pronotal disc without special sculpture, pronotum narrowed at anterior angles and evenly rounded laterally; short antennal groove present ventrad eye; elytra non carinate; intercoxal process of abdominal ventrite 1 about as wide as metacoxal lenght, and abdominal ventrite 5 without marginal groove; body elongate, and dorsal surface covered with narrow erect setation.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE6664BFF50697CBA3257AA.taxon	description	(Figs 5 – 6)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE6664BFF50697CBA3257AA.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: GPIH no. 5208, CCGG no. 8705 (ex coll. Jonas Damzen JDC- 12539); “ Holotype / Coxelus carstengroehni sp. nov. / Alekseev et Bukejs des. 2024 ” [red printed label]; adult, sex unknown. A complete beetle with partially exposed metathoracic wings is included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with 11 × 8 mm and a maximum thickness of 1 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions: two specimens of male Chironomidae (Diptera: Nematocera), one of them is partially damaged, and several stellate Fagaceae trichomes. Type stratum. Baltic amber from Eocene amber-bearing Blaue Erde deposits; estimated age: middle – late Eocene (Standke 1998). Type locality. Yantarny settlement (formerly Palmnicken), Sambian (Samland) Peninsula, Kaliningrad Region, Russia.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE6664BFF50697CBA3257AA.taxon	description	Description. Measurements: total body length (including visible part of head) 2.3 mm, maximum body width (across elytra) 0.8 mm; pronotal length 0.6 mm, maximum pronotal width 0.7 mm, basal pronotal width 0.6 mm; elytral length (along elytral suture, including scutellum) 1.5 mm. Body subparallel-sided, elongate, about 2.9 × as long as wide, weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, unicolorous black (as preserved). Pubescence: head with short, erect setae; pronotum sparsely covered with stout, erect setae; elytra sparsely and uniformly covered with longer, erect, narrow, slightly curved setae arranged in rows, and not forming patches. Head prognathous, transverse; head densely granulose dorsally, granules rather large, about 2 × as wide as diameter of one eye facet, and distance between granules distinctly smaller than diameter of one granule, with each granule bearing short, narrow seta; dense, coarse punctation present ventrally. Anterior margin of clypeus rounded. Compound eyes small, hemispherical, convex, without interfacetal setation. Antennal insertions concealed dorsally; antennal grooves ventrad eye present, short. Antennae short, extending to about middle of pronotal length; 11 - segmented with distinct, compact, 2 - segmented club; covered with sparse, short, semierect setae; scape wide, subcylindrical; pedicel cylindrical, 2 × as long as wide, narrower and shorter than scape; antennomere 3 about 2.2 × as long as wide, subcylindrical, slightly dilated apically, about 1.4 × longer than pedicel; antennomeres 4 – 5 slightly elongate, subcylindrical; antennomeres 6 – 8 subquadrate, nearly as long as wide; antennomere 9 weakly transverse, 1.3 × as wide as long, slightly dilated apically; antennomere 10 subtrapezoidal, dilated apically, widest, transverse, 2.2 × wider than antennomere 9; antennomere 11 oval, transverse, 1.5 × as wide as long, distinctly narrower than antennomere 10, finely setose. Terminal maxillary palpomere obliquely truncate, pointed apically, slightly longer than penultimate palpomere. Pronotum slightly transverse, 1.2 × as wide as long, widest near midlength and slightly narrowed anteriad and posteriad, maximum pronotal width / basal pronotal width = 1.2; pronotal disc weakly convex, with large, oval, longitudinal impression medially; pronotal surface densely covered with granules, bearing erect, stout setae. Lateral margins weakly rounded, with fine crenulation; anterior margin arcuate; posterior margin rounded. Anterior angles prominent, acute, slightly rounded; posterior angles obtuse. Prothoracic notosternal suture complete. Hypomera and prosternum densely and coarsely punctate. Intercoxal prosternal process elongate, narrow, distinctly narrower than one procoxal diameter. Procoxal cavities open posteriorly. Scutellar shield minute, semioval, slightly transverse. Elytra almost parallel-sided in anterior two-thirds of length, tapered at apex, about 1.9 × as longe as wide combined, non-carinate, convex, 2.5 × longer than pronotum. Elytral base distinctly wider than pronotal posterior margin. Humeral angles rounded. Elytra striate-punctate. Scutellary striole not apparent. Interstriae flat, with elongate granules. Epipleura well-developed, widest in basal half, slightly narrowed posteriad, reaching elytral apices. Mesoand metaventrites densely and coarsely punctate. Mesocoxal cavities closed. Metanepisternum narrow, about 7.9 × as long as wide, covered with dense and coarse punctures. Metaventrite with disc slightly convex, slightly shorter than abdominal ventrite 1; with discrimen distinct in posterior two-thirds of length. Relative length ratio of pro- to meso- to metaventrite to abdomen approximately equal to 10: 7: 8: 22. Metathoracic wings developed. Legs rather short and robust, finely punctate. Procoxa nearly rounded, narrowly separated; mesocoxae relatively round, narrowly separated by about 0.5 × diameter of mesocoxa; metacoxae oval, transverse, separated by about one longitudinal diameter of metacoxa. Femora nearly spindle-shaped, flattened, and widened medially; femora and tibiae subequal in length. Tibiae straight, slightly dilated apically, with fringe of short, fine setae apically. Tarsal formula 4 - 4 - 4; tarsomeres with sparse, fine setation ventrally; tarsomere 4 longest, longer than metatarsomeres 1 – 3 combined, and slightly curved. Claws simple, large, about 0.5 × as long as tarsomere 4, and robust. Abdomen with five visible ventrites, abdominal sutures distinct throughout length; densely covered with punctures that grade from large to small (ventrites 1 and 2 with distinctly larger punctation than ventrires 3 – 5), distance between punctures 0.5 – 1.5 × diameter of one puncture. Relative length ratios of ventrites 1 – 5 equal to 5: 5: 4: 3: 3. Abdominal ventrite 1 with small, apically acute intercoxal process in form of equilateral triangle that is about as wide as metacoxal lenght. Abdominal ventrite 5 subtrapezoidal, truncate apically, without marginal groove.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE6664BFF50697CBA3257AA.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Coxelus carstengroehni sp. nov. differs from all extant congeners based on the combination of the following characters: eyes without interfacetal setae; metathoracic wings present and metathorax not shortened (in contrast to apterous Coxelus of Recent fauna); relatively long elytra, about 1.9 × as long as wide; weakly transverse pronotum, 1.2 × as wide as long; and elytral setation uniform and not forming patches. The new fossil species resembles the North American C. longus (Stephan, 1989) in its elongate body, but can be distinguished from it based on the smaller body length of 2.3 mm (2.9 mm in the holotype of C. longus according to the original description), larger eyes (eyes reduced, with 26 – 32 facets in C. longus), metathoracic wings present, and elytra not connate. Among the Synchitini described from Baltic amber, the new species may be confused only with the apparently similar and probably related Semicoxelus sontagae Alekseev et Pankowski, 2020. Semicoxelus sontagae (body length of the holotype is 1.85 mm) differs from Coxelus carstengroehni sp. nov. in its vertically elongate eyes (hemispherical in the new species), subantennal grooves absent (present in the new species), antennae stouter and antennal club is more weakly expressed (antennal club is well-defined, and antennomere 10 about 2.2 × as wide as antennomere 9 in C. carstengroehni sp. nov.), and distinctly curved elytral setation (erect and only slightly curved in the new species).	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE6664BFF50697CBA3257AA.taxon	etymology	Derivatio nominis. The specific epithet is a patronym; the new species is named in honor of Mr. Carsten Gröhn (Glinde, Germany), who provided the amber piece with the holotype for our study.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE6664BFF50697CBA3257AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution of congeners. The genus Coxelus occurs in the western Nearctic and Neotropics (2 species: C. longus (Stephan 1989) and C. serratus Horn 1885), and in temperate and southern areas of the western and eastern parts of Palearctic (6 species: C. alinae Dajoz, 1973; C. bituberculatus (Frivaldszky, 1893); C. humeridens Reitter, 1885; C. luteopilosus Pie, 1901; C. pictus (Sturm, 1807); and C. yeti Ślipinśki, 1985) (Ivie et al. 2016; Ślipiński & Schuh 2008). The fossil species described in the current paper confirms the presence of the genus in the Paleogene Western Palearctic, which happens to be the area where the genus is represented by the largest number of Recent species (4 spp.) as well.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE6664BFF50697CBA3257AA.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology of congeners. Recent representatives of Coxelus are usually found in leaf litter and probably feed on decaying vegetation or fungi (Ślipiński & Lawrence 2010). They are considered saproxylophagous, being associated with dead wood and woody rotting material (as in C. pictus, according to Parisi et al. 2021). Coxelus pictus were numerous in samples taken from the decaying small and medium diameter wood debris in two Italian beech forests (Macagno et al. 2015), C. serratus has been reported from redwood duff and under bark of dead Douglas fir, whereas C. longus has been associated with dead ponderosa pines (Stephan 1989). The Eocene C. carstengroehni sp. nov. could be also associated with an analogous primeval forest community of dead coniferous and fagacean wood.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE9664AFF506AD6B9F15466.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Paha guadalupensis Dajoz, 1984	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE9664AFF506AD6B9F15466.taxon	discussion	Taxonomic assignment. The studied inclusion is placed in the tribe Synchitini within the subfamily Colydiinae based on the combination of the following characters: (1) dorsally concealed antennal insertions; (2) antennae clubbed, lacking scale-like setae; (3) procoxal cavities open posteriorly; (4) all tarsi tetramerous, not dilated; (5) protibiae without apical spurs; and (6) metacoxae narrowly separated by triangular process of abdominal ventrite 1. The new extinct species belongs to the genus Paha based on its: 10 - segmented antennae with 1 - segmented, rounded club; antennal groove ventrad eye absent; antennomere 3 not twice as long as antennomere 4; scutellary striole absent; dorsum lacking obvious pubescense (setation short and fine, visible under high magnification only); pronotal disc with elevated central area limited by two parallel longitudinal carinae; odd elytral intervals carinate; and elytral striae with rows of elongate granules.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE9664FFF5068F2B88F525E.taxon	description	(Figs 7 – 10)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE9664FFF5068F2B88F525E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: No. ABAC 064 [ACAB] (No. 3207 ex. coll. Marius Veta); “ Holotype / Paha vanivanitatum sp. nov. / Alekseev et Bukejs des. 2024 ” [red printed label]; adult, sex unknown. A complete beetle with exposed distal part of metathoracic wing included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with 18 × 12 mm and a maximum thickness of 1 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Ventral side of head and anterior portion of prosternum completely obscured by milky cover. Syninclusions: few stellate Fagaceae trichomes. Type stratum. Baltic amber from Eocene amber-bearing Blaue Erde deposits; estimated age: middle – late Eocene (Standke 1998). Type locality. Yantarny settlement (formerly Palmnicken), Sambian (Samland) Peninsula, Kaliningrad Region, Russia.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE9664FFF5068F2B88F525E.taxon	description	Description. Measurements: total body length (including visible part of head) 2.4 mm, maximum body width (across elytra) 0.9 mm; pronotal length 0.6 mm, maximum pronotal width 0.8 mm, basal pronotal width 0.7 mm; elytral length (along elytral suture, including scutellum) 1.5 mm; antennal length 0.38 mm. Body subparallel-sided, elongate, about 2.7 × as long as wide, weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, unicolorous black (as preserved). Pubescence: head, pronotum and elytra sparsely covered with short, inconspicuous, curved, semierect setae that are shorter than diameter of puncture or tubercle from which they arise. Head prognathous, transverse; densely granulose dorsally, each round granule bearing short seta. Anterior margin of clypeus rounded. Compound eyes small, slightly convex, apparently hemispherical, without interfacetal setation. Antennal insertions concealed dorsally; antennal grooves ventrad eye apparently absent. Antennae short, extending slightly beyond anterior one-third of pronotal length; 10 - segmented with distinct 1 - segmented antennal club, antennal club with fine suture between completely fused antennomeres 10 and 11, and sparsely setose; scape almost invisible from above, wide, subcylindrical; pedicel cylindrical, slightly transverse, about as wide as scape; antennomere 3 conical, elongate, about 1.5 × as long as wide, about 1.3 × longer than antennomere 4; antennomeres 4 – 8 subtrapezoidal, slightly dilated apically, as long as wide; antennomere 9 trapezoidal, dilated apically, transverse, 1.3 × as wide as long; antennomere 10 widest, widely oval, with widely rounded apex, nearly as long as wide, 2.1 × wider than antennomere 9. Pronotum slightly transverse, 1.3 × as wide as long, widest near midlength, weakly narrowed anteriad and posteriad, with maximum pronotal width / basal pronotal width = 1.1; pronotal surface covered with rounded granules. Pronotal disc with elevated central area delimited by two parallel, longitudinal, slightly curved carinae; elevated area almost flat, with longitudinal shallow impression along midline, and about 0.6 × as wide as pronotal maximum width. Anterior pronotal margin sinuate in dorsal view; posterior margin almost straight medially, shallowly concave laterally; lateral margins subparallel, slightly rounded, serrate. Anterior angles slightly prominent, rounded; posterior angles almost rectangular. Prothoracic notosternal suture apparently complete. Prohypomera densely granulate. Prosternum convex, with dense and coarse punctation. Intercoxal prosternal process elongate, extending beyond posterior margin of procoxae, with rounded apical margin, slightly dilated in anterior one-third of length, with lateral margins emarginate, and rather wide, about 1.3 × as wide as diameter of procoxa. Procoxal cavities open posteriorly. Scutellar shield minute, cordiform. Elytra almost parallel-sided in anterior three-quarters of length and tapered at apex, about 1.8 × as long as wide combined, as wide as pronotum basally, convex, carinate, 2.7 × longer than pronotum. Humeral angles rounded, weakly serrate. Elytra striate-punctate. Scutellary striole absent. Elytral striae with rows of elongate granules; odd elytral intervals (1, 3, 5, 7) carinate. Epipleura well-developed, widest in basal half, slightly narrowing posteriad, reaching elytral apices, densely covered with round granules. Meso- and metaventrites densely and coarsely punctate. Mesocoxal cavities closed. Metaventrite with disc almost flat, slightly longer than abdominal ventrite 1; discrimen distinct in posterior half. Relative length ratio of pro- to meso- to metaventrite to abdomen approximately equal to 10: 6: 9: 27. Metathoracic wings present. Legs rather short and robust, finely punctate and sparsely setose. Procoxa small, nearly rounded, and widely separated by about 1.3 × diameter of procoxa; mesocoxae subcircular, separated by 0.7 × diameter of mesocoxa; metacoxae widely oval, transverse, narrowly separated by about 0.5 × longitudinal diameter of metacoxa. Femora nearly spindle-shaped, slightly flattened, widened medially; femora slightly longer than tibiae. Tibiae slightly curved, with short, fine setae apically; protibiae without apical spurs. Tarsal formula 4 - 4 - 4; tarsomeres not dilated, with sparse, fine setation ventrally; tarsomere 4 longest, longer than tarsomeres 1 – 3 combined, slightly curved. Claws simple, large, about 0.5 × as long as tarsomere 4, robust. Abdomen with five visible ventrites, abdominal sutures distinct throughout length; densely covered with large punctation, distance between punctures distinctly smaller than diameter of one puncture. Relative length ratios of ventrites 1 – 5 equal to 11: 7: 5: 4: 5. Abdominal ventrite 1 with small, narrow, triangular intercoxal process with rounded apex. Abdominal ventrite 5 with widely rounded apical margin.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE9664FFF5068F2B88F525E.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Paha vanivanitatum sp. nov. differs from extant congeners in the combination of the following characters: larger body size (1.8 – 2.1 mm in P. guadalupensis), pronotum slightly transverse, 1.3 × as wide as long and widest at midlength (pronotum strongly transverse, twice as wide as long in P. guadalupensis and widest near apical one-quarter of length in P. laticollis), and anterior pronotal angles less prominent. The new species can be easily distinguished from other extinct Colydiinae preserved in Baltic amber based on the combination of generic characters, most obviously in the presence of 10 - segmented antennae with 1 - segmented club, short and inconspicuous setation of pronotum and elytra, pronotal disc with elevated central area and two longitudinal carinae, and elytral intervals carinate.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE9664FFF5068F2B88F525E.taxon	etymology	Derivatio nominis. The specific epithet vanivanitatum is derived from the Latin phrase “ Vanitas vanitatum et omnia vanitas ” (meaning “ vanity of vanities, and all is vanity ”), referring (1) to the emptiness of inclusions in amber, (2) to the allegorical genre of painting (Vanitas) which uses symbolism to show the transience of human life and the certainty of death, and (3) to the lack of immediate practical use from amber insects studies. The name is used as noun in apposition.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE9664FFF5068F2B88F525E.taxon	distribution	Distribution of congeners. The genus Paha occurs in Nearctic and Neotropical regions and is represented by four extant species (Sharp 1894; Dajoz 1984; Ivie et al. 2016): P. guadalupensis Dajoz, 1984, P. laticollis (LeConte, 1863), P. mexicana (Hinton, 1935), and P. mimetes (Sharp, 1894). The extinct species described in the current paper indicates both the Eocene age of the genus and the presence of representatives of this genus in forest paleoecosystems of the Western Palearctic during the Eocene.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFE9664FFF5068F2B88F525E.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology of congeners. The natural history of the genus is poorly understood. The single Nearctic species, P. laticollis is associated with oaken logs and old oaks (Quercus) and is also reported under bark of the fabacean tree Lysiloma bahamensis (Blatchley 1930; Stephan 1989). The ecology of three other species from Central America (described from Belize, Guadeloupe, and Mexico) is unknown. Paha vanivanitatum sp. nov. could possibly be a member of an Eocene forest community associated with fagacean wood.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFEC664FFF506EEBB806504B.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Lasconotus complex LeConte, 1859	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFEC664FFF506EEBB806504B.taxon	discussion	Taxonomic assignment. The studied amber specimen shows a combination of characters corresponding to the tribe Synchitini within the subfamily Colydiinae: (1) antennal insertions concealed dorsally; (2) antennae distinctly clubbed, finely and sparsely setose, lacking scale-like setae; (3) all tarsi tetramerous, not dilated; and (4) metacoxae separated by triangular process of abdominal ventrite 1. The new extinct species is placed in the genus Lasconotus based on: antennae 11 - segmented with 3 - segmented club; supraocular carina strong; finely facetted eyes large; subantennal grooves absent; antennomere 3 longer than antennomere 4; apex of protibia spinose; prosternal process not expanded apically beyond midpoint of procoxa; pronotum with paired sublateral carinae; elytra with distinct carinae; and abdominal ventrite 5 with deep preapical groove.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFEC664CFF506CDFB86E51F4.taxon	description	(Figs 11 – 16)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFEC664CFF506CDFB86E51F4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: No. RSKM _ PAL _ A 73 [RSM] (ex coll. Jonas Damzen JDC- 13074); “ Holotype / Lasconotus tenebrisilvarum sp. nov. / Alekseev et Bukejs des. 2024 ” [red printed label]; adult, sex unknown. A complete beetle with exposed metathoracic wings is included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 10 × 5 mm and a maximum thickness of 5 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions: one specimen of a phoretic uropod deutonymph (Acari: Mesostigmata: Uropodina) attached to right side of pronotum. Type stratum. Baltic amber from Eocene amber-bearing Blaue Erde deposits; estimated age: middle – late Eocene (Standke 1998). Type locality. Yantarny settlement (formerly Palmnicken), Sambian (Samland) Peninsula, Kaliningrad Region, Russia.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFEC664CFF506CDFB86E51F4.taxon	description	Description. Measurements: total body length (including visible part of head) 3.5 mm, maximum body width (across elytra) 1.15 mm; head length 0.4 mm, head width (across eyes) 0.8 mm; pronotal length 0.8 mm, maximum pronotal width 1.0 mm, basal pronotal width 1.0 mm; elytral length (along elytral suture, including scutellum) 2.3 mm. Body subparallel-sided, elongate, about 3.1 × as long as wide, weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, unicolorous black (as preserved). Pubescence: head and pronotum with fine, curved setae; elytra sparsely covered with slightly longer, semierect, narrow, uniform setae arranged in rows, and not forming patches. Head prognathous, transverse; densely granulose dorsally, with granules rather large near center of frons, about 2 × as wide as diameter of one eye facet, distance between granules distinctly smaller than diameter of one granule, each granule bearing short, curved, narrow seta. Anterior margin of clypeus widely rounded. Compound eyes large, nearly hemispherical, strongly convex, without interfacetal setation. Frons with strong, complete supraocular carinae. Antennal insertions concealed dorsally. Antennal groove ventrad eye absent. Antennae short, extending to about middle of pronotal length; 11 - segmented with distinct, loose, flattened, 3 - segmented club; sparsely covered with short, semierect setae; scape and pedicel wide, cylindrical, about 1.5 × as long as wide; antennomere 3 conical, slightly dilated apically, about 1.4 × longer than antennomere 4, narrower than pedicel; antennomeres 4 – 8 slightly elongate, subcylindrical to subtrapezoidal, slightly dilated apically, subequal in length; antennomere 9 dilated apically, strongly transverse, 2.2 × as wide as long, about 2.0 × wider than antennomere 8; antennomere 10 widest, strongly transverse, 2.3 × as wide as long, about 1.3 × wider than antennomere 9; antennomere 11 widely oval, transverse, about 1.3 × as wide as long, distinctly narrower than antennomere 10, finely setose, with widely rounded apex. Maxillary palpi with four palpomeres; palpomere 1 smallest, subtriangular; palpomeres 2 and 3 subquadratic, nearly as long as wide, subequal in size and shape; palpomere 4 elongate oval, truncate, about as long as previous palpomeres combined. Terminal labial palpomere subtriangular, acute apically. Pronotum slightly transverse, 1.2 × as wide as long, widest at base, almost parallel-sided, slightly narrowed anteriad, maximum pronotal width / basal pronotal width = 1.0; pronotal disc weakly convex, with two pairs of sharp, uninterrupted, sublateral carinae; pronotal surface densely covered with granules, bearing curved setae, distance between granules smaller than diameter of one granule. Outer pair of pronotal sublateral carinae subparallel, slightly curved, and almost forming subrectangular area together with anterior and posterior pronotal margins; inner pair of pronotal carinae curved, forming longitudinal oval median area with truncated ends, interrupted anteriorly and posteriorly. Lateral margins finely crenulate, raised, forming distinct longitudinal depression between the lateral margin and first pair of pronotal sublateral carina; anterior pronotal margin arcuate, slightly raised medially; posterior margin rounded. Anterior pronotal angles prominent, acute, slightly rounded; posterior angles almost rectangular and not projecting posteriorly. Prothoracic notosternal suture complete. Hypomera densely and coarsely granulose, distance between granules smaller than diameter of one granule. Prosternum convex; densely covered with small granules. Intercoxal prosternal process elongate, with rounded apex, narrow, about 0.7 × as wide as diameter of procoxa, with fine median carina in apical portion, not expanded apically beyond midpoint of procoxa. Procoxal cavities narrowly open posteriorly. Scutellar shield minute, drop-shaped, slightly transverse, dilated apically. Elytra almost parallel-sided in anterior two-thirds of their lengths, narrowed in posterior one-third, rounded at apex; about 2.0 × as long as wide combined; carinate and convex; 2.8 × longer than pronotum. Elytral base slightly wider than pronotal posterior margin. Humeral angles rounded. Elytra striate-punctate. Scutellary striole present. Elytral striae with rows of elongate granules; odd elytral intervals (1, 3, 5, 7) carinate; elytral carinae similarly raised along their entire lengths. Epipleura present, well-developed, widest in basal half, narrowing posteriad, incomplete, apparently reaching abdominal ventrite 5, densely covered with round granules. Mesoventrite convex, densely and coarsely punctate. Mesocoxal cavities closed. Metaventrite with disc almost flat, longer than abdominal ventrite 1, with dense and coarse punctation; discrimen distinct in posterior two-thirds. Relative length ratio of pro- to meso- to metaventrite to abdomen approximately equal to 10: 6: 11: 26. Metathoracic wings present. Legs rather short and robust, finely punctate and pubescent. Procoxa nearly rounded, narrowly separated by 0.6 × diameter of procoxa; mesocoxae hemispherical, narrowly separated by about 0.3 × diameter of mesocoxa; metacoxae oval, transverse, separated by 0.5 × longitudinal diameter of metacoxa. Femora elongate oval, dilated medially, flattened; femora and tibiae subequal in length. Tibiae straight, dilated apically, with fringe of stout setae and two spines apically. Tarsi slender, about 0.6 × as long as tibia; tarsal formula 4 - 4 - 4; tarsomeres with sparse, fine setation ventrally; tarsomere 4 longest, longer than metatarsomeres 1 – 3 combined, widened distally, slightly curved. Claws simple, large, about 0.3 × as long as tarsomere 4. Abdomen with five visible ventrites, abdominal sutures distinct throughout length; densely covered with small punctation. Relative length ratios of ventrites 1 – 5 equal to 10: 5: 4: 3: 3. Abdominal ventrite 1 with small, triangular intercoxal process. Abdominal ventrite 5 with widely rounded apical margin, and with preapical groove.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFEC664CFF506CDFB86E51F4.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Lasconotus tenebrisilvarum sp. nov. differs from all extant congeners in the combination of the following characters: elytra convex (in contrast to concave elytra of several North American representatives); elytra with elytral carinae similarly raised along entire lengths; pronotum with two pairs of distinct and uninterrupted sublateral carinae; anterior margin of pronotum without distinctive paired tufts of long, golden setae; raised lateral margin of pronotum forming distinct longitudinal depression between lateral margin and first pair of pronotal carina; pronotal margins almost parallel; posterior pronotal angles almost rectangular and not projecting posteriorly; and elytra at base only slightly wider than pronotum. Additionally, L. tenebrisilvarum sp. nov. differs from the majority of the genus representatives in possessing narrowly open procoxal cavities, a character shared with two North American species, L. fitzgibbonae Kingsolver et al., 2006, and L. coronatus Hinton, 1935. The new species can be easily distinguished from other extinct Colydiinae found in Baltic amber based on the combination of generic characters, most obviously in the presence of 11 - segmented antennae with a 3 - segmented club, pronotum with two pairs of sublateral carinae, presence of supraocular carina, and carinate elytra.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFEC664CFF506CDFB86E51F4.taxon	etymology	Derivatio nominis. The name of the new species tenebrisilvarum is derived from the Latin “ tenebricae silvae ” in genitive case, meaning “ of dark forests ”. This refers to the region of the specimen’s origin in two ways: (1) referring to Eocene forest paleohabitats, and (2) to the former Eastern Prussia, a historical area with the informal anthem “ Land der dunklen Wälder “ (land of dark forests), written by Erich Hannighofer and Herbert Brust.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFEC664CFF506CDFB86E51F4.taxon	distribution	Distribution of congeners. The genus Lasconotus is cosmopolitan, being represented in the New World by 37 species (Ivie et al. 2016), and in the Palearctic by 8 species (Ślipiński & Schuh 2008; Aoki 2011, 2018). Only one species, L. jelskii (Wankowicz, 1867), is known as a primeval forest relict in Eastern and Northern Europe, whereas the most diverse Palearctic fauna has been reported from Japan (4 species: L. akitai Aoki, 2018; L. niponius (Lewis, 1879); L. okadai Aoki, 2011; and L. sculpturatus (Sharp, 1885 )). The fossil species described in the current paper confirms the presence of the genus in the Paleogene Western Palearctic. The single Recent European species is boreal and the locality in Puszcza Białowieska (Poland / Belarus), situated at about 52 ° 30´N, is one of the southernmost known points of the group’s present-day distribution (Nikitsky & Slipinski 2003). Like the situation with fossil erotylid species from Rovno amber, Zavaljus lyubarskyi Alekseev et Bukejs, 2023 (Alekseev & Bukejs 2023), the southern limit of the present-day distribution range of the genus Lasconotus in Europe almost coincides with the late Eocene record at approximately 51 ° N. On the other hand, the modern boreal distribution of Lasconotus is evident only for Europe. Representatives of the genus inhabit different latitudes in North America from Canada to Mexico inclusive, and they are also known in different localities in the southern Palearctic (e. g., Central Asia, Nepal, Saudi Arabia, Japan). The present-day boreal distribution of the genus in Europe is probably determined not by climatic reasons and preferences of the genus, but by historical factors related to Quaternary glaciations.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFEC664CFF506CDFB86E51F4.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology of congeners. The ecology of representatives of the genus Lasconotus is insufficiently known. Reports from North America, Europe and Asia show association of different species with pinacean conifers (Pinus and Picea), where the beetles are noted under bark in the galleries of bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) belonging to the representatives of genera Ips and Polygraphus (Saalas 1923; Hackwell 1973; Nikitsky & Slipinski 2003; Kingsolver et al. 2006). Lasconotus larvae of instars 1 – 2 feed upon fungi, and later (instar 3) they are predaceous on bark beetle larvae (Hackwell 1973). The Eocene Lasconotus tenebrisilvarum sp. nov. could also be associated with an analogous ancient forest community of dead coniferous trees infested by scolytines. While bark beetles of the genus Ips De Geer, 1775 and tribe Ipini Bedel, 1888 are unknown from inclusions in Baltic amber, the tribe Polygraphini Chapuis, 1869 (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is represented in Baltic amber by two described species of the genus Carphoborus Eichhoff, 1864 (Legalov 2020, 2024). The trophic association with galleries of these beetles could be assumed for Lasconotus tenebrisilvarum sp. nov.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF06652FF506CB8B80C578E.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Helioctamenus hippopotamus Schaufuss, 1882	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF06652FF506CB8B80C578E.taxon	discussion	Taxonomic assignment. The specimen under consideration belongs to the tribe Sarrotriini based on the combination of the following characters: (1) dorsally concealed antennal insertions; (2) antennae setose, 10 - or 11 - segmented, without distinctly separated antennal club; (3) antennal insertions distant from eyes; (4) procoxal cavities open posteriorly; (5) all tarsi tetramerous, not dilated; (6) prosternal process wide, emarginate apically; and (7) metacoxae separated by intercoxal abdominal process with rounded apex. The tribe includes three genera from the Western Palearctic: monotypic Diplagia Reitter, 1882; Orthocerus Latreille, 1796 with two European species; and comparatively diverse Helioctamenus (Ślipiński & Schuh 2008). The new extinct species is assigned to the genus Helioctamenus based on: antennae sparsely and shortly setose (in contrast to Diplagia and Orthocerus), not fusiform (in contrast to Orthocerus); interfacetal setae absent; body sparsely setose dorsally; and pronotum distinctly narrower than elytral base (in contrast to Diplagia).	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF16654FF506B9BB912571A.taxon	description	(Figs 17 – 26)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF16654FF506B9BB912571A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: No. GPIH no. 5209, CCGG no. 8706 (ex coll. Jonas Damzen JDC- 12544); “ Holotype / Helioctamenus groehni sp. nov. / Alekseev et Bukejs des. 2024 ” [red printed label]; adult, sex unknown. A complete beetle included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 20 × 7 mm and a maximum thickness of 3 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions: several stellate Fagaceae trichomes. Paratype: No. GPIH no. 5217, CCGG no. 8707 (ex coll. Jonas Damzen JDC- 13157); “ Paratype / Helioctamenus groehni sp. nov. / Alekseev et Bukejs des. 2024 ” [red printed label]; adult, sex unknown. A complete beetle included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 17 × 6 mm and a maximum thickness of 3 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions: several stellate Fagaceae trichomes. Paratype: No. KA-CLP- 001 [CKVA]; “ Paratype / Helioctamenus / groehni sp. nov. / Alekseev et Bukejs des. 2024 ” [red handwritten label]; adult, sex unknown. A complete beetle with partially exposed metathoracic wings included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 26 × 18 mm and a maximum thickness of 7 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions: one specimen of Nematocera (Diptera). Type stratum. Baltic amber from Eocene amber-bearing Blaue Erde deposits; estimated age: middle – late Eocene (Standke 1998). Type locality. Yantarny settlement (formerly Palmnicken), Sambian (Samland) Peninsula, Kaliningrad Region, Russia.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF16654FF506B9BB912571A.taxon	description	Description of holotype. Measurements: total body length (including visible part of head) 3.1 mm, maximum body width (across elytra) 1.15 mm; head length 0.5 mm, head maximum width (across eyes) 0.7 mm; pronotal length 0.6 mm, maximum pronotal width 0.7 mm, basal pronotal width 0.6 mm; elytral length (along elytral suture, including scutellum) 2.0 mm. Body subparallel-sided, elongate, about 3.3 × as long as wide, weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, unicolorous dark brown. Pubescence: head and pronotum with short, strongly curved, decumbent, narrow setae; elytra with short, slightly curved, semierect, narrow setae arranged in regular rows and not forming pattern. Head prognathous, transverse; densely granulose dorsally, with granules round, about as wide as diameter of eye facet, and each granule bearing seta; covered with coarse punctures ventrally. Anterior margin of clypeus widely rounded. Compound eyes hemispherical, strongly protruding, with coarse facets, without interfacetal setae. Antennal insertions concealed dorsally, distant from eyes; antennal grooves ventrad eye indistinct. Antennae short, extending to about midlength of pronotum; sparsely covered with short setae; 11 - segmented without distinctly separated antennal club; scape invisible from above, cylindrical; pedicel cylindrical, slightly elongate, 1.15 × as long as wide, about as wide as scape; antennomere 3 conical, slightly dilated apically, elongate, about 1.4 × as long as wide, about 1.35 × as long as pedicel; antennomere 4 subtrapezoidal, 1.2 × as long as wide, about 0.7 × as long as antennomere 3; antennomeres 5 – 8 subquadratic, nearly as long as wide; antennomere 9 subtrapezoidal, slightly dilated apically, 1.3 × as wide as long, slightly wider than antennomere 8; antennomere 10 trapezoidal, dilated apically, transverse, 1.7 × as wide long, distinctly wider than antennomere 9; antennomere 11 circular, as long as wide, with widely rounded apex, 0.7 × as wide as antennomere 10. Maxillary palp with four palpomeres; palpomere 1 smallest, subtriangular; palpomeres 2 and 3 subquadratic, about as long as wide; palpomere 4 elongate oval, truncate, about 1.9 × as long as palpomere 3. Terminal labial palpomere triangular, acute apically. Pronotum subquadrate, slightly transverse, 1.16 × as wide as long, widest at anterior angles, weakly narrowed posteriad, maximum pronotal width / basal pronotal width = 1.16; pronotal disc convex, uneven, longitudinally impressed medially, sloped at lateral sides; pronotal surface densely granulose, with distance between granules smaller than diameter of one granule, and each round granule bearing seta. Pronotal lateral margins subparallel, finely denticulate; basal margin widely rounded medially; anterior margin with weakly rounded middle lobe. Anterior pronotal angles distinct, rectangular; posterior angles obtuse. Prohypomera concave, densely punctate. Prosternum convex, densely covered with coarse punctuation. Intercoxal prosternal process elongate, extending slightly beyond posterior margin of procoxae, with subparallel lateral margins, rounded apically, rather wide, about as wide as diameter of procoxa. Procoxal cavities open posteriorly. Scutellar shield distinct, small, almost circular. Elytra almost parallel-sided within anterior two-thirds of their lengths, tapered apically, about 1.7 × as long as wide combined, convex, without carinae, distinctly wider than pronotum basally, 3.3 × as long as pronotum. Humeri well-developed; humeral angles rounded. Elytra striate-punctate. Scutellary striole absent. Elytral striae with rows of dense, elongate granules; intervals flat, with micropunctation. Epipleura well-developed, widest in basal half, slightly narrowing posteriad, punctate, reaching elytral apices. Mesocoxal cavities closed. Metanepisternum narrow, about 7.0 × as long as wide, punctate, with lateral margins slightly emarginate. Metaventrite slightly convex, distinctly longer than abdominal ventrite 1, densely covered with coarse punctation, with distance between punctures distinctly smaller than diameter of one puncture; discrimen distinct in posterior half. Legs rather short and robust, finely punctate and sparsely setose. Procoxa small, nearly rounded, separated by about one diameter of procoxa; mesocoxae hemispherical, narrowly separated by about 0.2 × diameter of mesocoxa; metacoxae widely oval, transverse, narrowly separated by about 0.5 × longitudinal diameter of metacoxa. Femora nearly spindle-shaped, slightly flattened, widened medially. Tibiae straight; tibiae and femora subequal in length. Tarsal formula 4 - 4 - 4; tarsomeres simple, non-lobed, with fine setation ventrally; tarsomeres 1 – 3 subequal in length and shape, cylindrical; tarsomere 4 longest, about as long as tarsomeres 1 – 3 combined, slightly curved. Claws simple, large, about 0.3 × as long as tarsomere 4. Abdomen with five visible ventrites; densely covered with fine punctuation, distance between punctures equal to 0.5 – 1.0 × diameter of one puncture; abdominal sutures distinct throughout length. Relative length ratios of ventrites 1 – 5 equal to 22: 17: 14: 10: 13. Abdominal ventrite 1 with triangular, apically rounded intercoxal process. Abdominal ventrite 5 with widely rounded posterior margin, weakly concave towards apex. Paratype. No. GPIH no. 5217, CCGG no. 8707 (Figs 22 – 24). Measurements: total body length (including visible part of head) 3.1 mm, maximum body width (across elytra) 1.1 mm; head length 0.3 mm, head maximum width (across eyes) 0.6 mm; pronotal length 0.7 mm, maximum pronotal width 0.8 mm, basal pronotal width 0.75 mm; elytral length (along elytral suture, including scutellum) 2.1 mm. Elytral surface of paratype is visually represented by coarse, apparently irregular, and generally homogenous sculpture, which consists of rounded forms of variable size — this significantly differs from striate-punctate elytra of the holotype, which are covered with regularly arranged elongate granules. We interpreted this apparent difference as probable contamination covering beetle dorsum (i. e., wood dust and air covering this region within resin), and not natural elements of dorsal sculpture with species-level significance. Paratype. No. KA-CLP- 001 [CKVA] (Figs 25 – 26). Measurements: total body length (including visible part of head) 3.1 mm, maximum body width (across elytra) 1.2 mm; head length 0.2 mm, head maximum width (across eyes) 0.7 mm; pronotal length 0.8 mm, maximum pronotal width 0.8 mm, basal pronotal width 0.75 mm; elytral length (along elytral suture, including scutellum) 2.1 mm. Discrimen distinct in posterior two-thirds of metaventrite. Metathoracic wings well developed. Otherwise, this specimen is similar in all visible morphological characters to holotype No. 5209 [GPIH].	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF16654FF506B9BB912571A.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Helioctamenus groehni sp. nov. differs from all extant congeners in possessing the following combination of characters: antennae distinctly 11 - segmented with antennomere 11 well-developed, not fused with previous antennomere, and as long as antennomere 10; elytral intervals flat, not carinate; humeri well-developed; metathoracic wings well developed; pronotum distinctly narrower than elytral base; and scutellar shield distinct. The elongate body of the new species resembles such species as H. bedeli Dajoz, 1971, H. fumicornis (Bedel, 1891), and H. occidentalis Oromí, 1984, but distinctly differs from shorter and more oval bodies of H. gineri (Español, 1948) and H. lusitanicus Reitter, 1903. Among the zopherids described from Baltic amber, the new species is the first described representative of the tribe Sarrotriini, thus H. groehni sp. nov. may be distinguished by the set of the tribal level characters that include: antennae setose, 11 - segmented, without distinctly separated antennal club; wide prosternal process; and intercoxal abdominal process triangular, rounded apically. The new species may be confused only with the apparently similar Xylolaemus legalovi Alekseev et Bukejs, but differs from it in the non-explanate lateral pronotal sides, elytral intervals flat and elytra without additional setose patches consisting of lanceolate scales.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF16654FF506B9BB912571A.taxon	etymology	Derivatio nominis. The specific epithet is a patronym; the new species is named in honor of Mr. Carsten Gröhn (Glinde, Germany), an enthusiast and specialist in Baltic amber.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF16654FF506B9BB912571A.taxon	distribution	Distribution of congeners. The genus Helioctamenus is currently distributed in the Mediterranean region (Dajoz 1971; Ślipiński & Schuh 2008), namely in the Iberian Peninsula (3 species), Baleares (1 species), Canary Islands (2 species), and North Africa (4 species). In total, ten species are known: H. bedeli Dajoz, 1971; H. curticornis Pic, 1922; H. espanoli Cobos, 1950; H. fernandezi Cobos, 1965; H. fumicornis (Bedel, 1891); H. gineri (Español, 1948); H. hippopotamus Schaufuss, 1882; H. lusitanicus Reitter, 1903; H. occidentalis Oromí, 1984; and H. pardoi Español, 1957. The first extinct species described in the current paper confirms the presence of the genus in the Paleogene of the Western Palearctic.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF16654FF506B9BB912571A.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology of congeners. Recent representatives of Helioctamenus are more or less xerophilous, occurring in dry habitats, under stones or plants (Dajoz 1971). Helioctamenus hippopotamus Schaufuss, 1882 was collected “ sub lapidibus magnus ” [under large stones] (Schaufuss 1882), and the type series of H. occidentalis was sampled on lichens and epiphytic mosses of Erica scoparia (Oromí 1984). The newly described Eocene Helioctamenus was most likely also associated with a xerophilous community, possibly consisting of epiphytic mosses and lichens on tree bark of trunks, or it could be ground-living, occurring under lichens in sun-exposed microhabitats of the amberiferous forest. Records of different lichens in Baltic amber are known and not rare (e. g., Rikkinen 2003; Rikkinen et al. 2018; Kaasalainen et al. 2019), thus a lichen-related habitat for extinct species may be the most likely analogue among Recent relatives.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF76654FF506B2FBA6C52B8.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Thanatoplagia tamutisi Alekseev et Bukejs sp. nov., designated herein	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF76654FF506B2FBA6C52B8.taxon	discussion	Taxonomic assignment. The specimen under study belongs to the tribe Sarrotriini based on the combination of the following characters: (1) dorsally concealed antennal insertions; (2) antennae setose, stout, 10 - or 11 - segmeneted, without clearly separated antennal club; (3) antennal insertions distant from eyes; (4) procoxal cavities open posteriorly; (5) all tarsi tetramerous, not dilated; and (6) metacoxae separated by intercoxal abdominal process rounded apically.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF76654FF506B2FBA6C52B8.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. The tribe Sarrotriini includes three extant genera from the Western Palearctic: Diplagia Reitter, 1882, Orthocerus Latreille, 1796, and Helioctamenus Schauffuss (Ślipiński & Schuh 2008). Despite the apparent similarity, we conclude that the studied fossil cannot be attributed to any of these genera, and thus we propose a new genus for this fossil beetle. Thanatoplagia gen. nov. clearly differs from Diplagia in lacking interfacetal setae, but possessing sparsely setose antennae, and pronotum distinctly narrower than elytral base; differs from Orthocerus in antennal structure (gradually widened towards apex, not fusiform, sparsely and shortly setose in the new genus); and it differs from Helioctamenus in having stout and strongly transverse antennomeres 4 – 9, and pronotum with three distinct impressions (two oval transverse, shallow impressions laterobasally and one large, rounded impression anteromedially). The new fossil genus differs from other similar sarrotriines in a well-developed antennomere 11 (as long as antennomere 10), pronounced humeri and developed metathoracic wings.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF76654FF506B2FBA6C52B8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name of the new genus is a compound word and combines the old Greek word θάνατος (thánatos, death) and the old Greek word πλαγία (plagía, slope or hillside) referring to Diplagia, the extant genus of the tribe Sarrotriini. The gender is feminine.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF76654FF506B2FBA6C52B8.taxon	description	Description. The new genus is monotypic. Therefore, the generic description considerably overlaps that of the type species.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF7665AFF506F50BE165072.taxon	description	(Figs 27 – 29)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF7665AFF506F50BE165072.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: No. ABAC 063 [ACAB] (No. 3205 ex. coll. Marius Veta); “ Holotype / Thanatoplagia tamutisi sp. nov. / Alekseev et Bukejs des. 2024 ” [red printed label]; adult, sex unknown. A complete beetle with partially exposed distal part of metathoracic wings included in a transparent, minute yellow amber piece with dimensions of 6 × 3 mm and a maximum thickness of 3 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions absent. Type stratum. Baltic amber from Eocene amber-bearing Blaue Erde deposits; estimated age: middle – late Eocene (Standke 1998). Type locality. Yantarny settlement (formerly Palmnicken), Sambian (Samland) Peninsula, Kaliningrad Region, Russia.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF7665AFF506F50BE165072.taxon	description	Description. Measurements: total body length (including visible part of head) 2.9 mm, maximum body width (across elytra) 1.3 mm; head length 0.5 mm, head maximum width (across eyes) 0.6 mm; pronotal length 0.7 mm, maximum pronotal width 0.8 mm, basal pronotal width 0.8 mm; elytral length (along elytral suture, including scutellum) 1.8 mm. Body subparallel-sided, elongate, about 2.2 × as long as wide, moderately convex dorsally and weakly convex ventrally, unicolorous black (as preserved). Pubescence: head, pronotum and elytra sparsely covered with uniform, short, strongly curved, semierect setae that are not forming patches; ventral side of specimen with fine, inconspicuous, semierect setae. Head prognathous, transverse; densely granulose dorsally, with granules rather large, about 2 × as wide as diameter of one eye facet, and distance between granules distinctly smaller than diameter of one granule. Anterior margin of clypeus rounded. Compound eyes oval, convex, without interfacetal setation. Antennal insertions concealed dorsally; antennal grooves ventrad eye absent. Antennae stout, gradually widened towards apex, short, extending to middle of pronotum; 11 - segmented, without clearly separated antennal club; sparsely covered with short, semierect setae, antennomeres 10 and 11 additionally with fine pubescence; densely punctate; scape wide, subcylindrical; pedicel cylindrical, nearly as long as wide, slightly narrower and shorter than scape; antennomere 3 subtrapezoidal, slightly dilated apically, nearly as large as pedicel; antennomeres 4 – 9 trapezoidal, strongly transverse, subequal in size and shape; antennomere 10 trapezoidal, dilated apically, strongly transverse, about 2.0 × as wide as long, slightly wider than antennomere 9; antennomere 11 widely oval, transverse, 1.3 × as wide as long, widely rounded apically, 1.1 × as wide as antennomere 10. Terminal maxillary palpomere obliquely truncate, about 2.0 × as long as penultimate palpomere. Pronotum slightly transverse, 1.14 × as wide as long, subparallel, weakly narrowed posteriad, widest at anterior margin; maximum pronotal width / basal pronotal width = 1.0; pronotal disc convex, with large, deep, oval impression medially and two shallow, oval, transverse impressions laterobasally; lateral sides narrowly explanate; pronotal surface densely covered with granules. Lateral margins almost straight, crenulate; anterior margin arcuate; posterior margin rounded. Anterior pronotal angles nearly rectangular, slightly rounded; posterior angles obtuse. Prothoracic notosternal suture complete. Hypomera and prosternum densely and coarsely granulate, distance between granules smaller than diameter of one granule. Intercoxal prosternal process elongate, extending beyond posterior margin of procoxae, with rounded apical margin, about 1.2 × as wide as diameter of procoxa. Procoxal cavities open posteriorly. Scutellar shield minute, oval, transverse. Elytra almost parallel-sided within anterior two-thirds of their lengths, tapered at apex, about 1.4 × as long as wide combined, convex, 2.6 × longer than pronotum, distinctly wider than pronotal posterior margin. Humeral angles rounded. Elytra striate-punctate. Scutellary striole absent. Intervals convex. Epipleura well-developed, widest in basal half of length, slightly narrowed posteriad, reaching elytral apices, densely covered with granules. Mesocoxal cavities closed. Metaventrites with disc slightly convex, densely granulate, distinctly longer than abdominal ventrite 1; discrimen distinct in posterior half. Metanepisternum narrow, 6.3 × longer than maximum width, with emarginate lateral margins. Metathoracic wings developed. Legs rather short and robust, finely pubescent. Procoxa small, nearly rounded, separated by about 1.2 × diameter of procoxa; mesocoxae hemispherical, separated by 0.7 × diameter of mesocoxa; metacoxae oval, transverse, narrowly separated by about 0.5 × longitudinal diameter of metacoxa. Femora elongate oval in shape, slightly dilated medially; femora and tibiae subequal in length. Tibiae straight, slightly dilated apically. Tarsal formula 4 - 4 - 4; tarsomeres not dilated, with sparse, fine setation ventrally; tarsomere 4 longest, longer than metatarsomeres 1 – 3 combined, slightly curved. Claws simple, large, about 0.3 × as long as tarsomere 4, robust. Abdomen with five visible, similarly articulated ventrites, abdominal sutures distinct throughout length; densely covered with granules. Relative length ratios of ventrites 1 – 5 equal to 35: 25: 20: 18: 15. Abdominal ventrite 1 with triangular, apically rounded intercoxal process. Abdominal ventrite 5 with widely rounded posterior margin.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF7665AFF506F50BE165072.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. As stated above, for the new genus.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFF7665AFF506F50BE165072.taxon	etymology	Derivatio nominis. The epithet of this new species is patronymic. The species is named in honor of the Baltic coleopterist, leading researcher of Lithuanian beetles, and our colleague Dr. Vytautas Tamutis (Kaunas, Lithuania), for his numerous contributions to the study of entomofauna of Lithuania and beetles of the Baltic Sea region.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFA6659FF506AD6BFC054AD.taxon	description	(Figs 30 – 32)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFA6659FF506AD6BFC054AD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. One specimen with collection number JDC- 9315 [JDC], Baltic amber; adult, sex unknown (Figs 30 – 31). A complete beetle is included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 20 × 17 mm and a maximum thickness of 5 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions: numerous minute detrital particles. One specimen with collection number ABAC 063 [ACAB] (No. JDC- 6438 ex. coll. Jonas Damzen), Baltic amber; adult, male (Fig. 32). A complete beetle with partially exposed metathoracic wings and apical portion of aedeagus is included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 14 × 10 mm and a maximum thickness of 5 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Ventral portion of specimen is completely obscured by ‘ milky’ opacity within amber. Syninclusions: absent.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFA6659FF506AD6BFC054AD.taxon	discussion	Note. Body length of beetle JDC- 9315 (including visible part of head) 3.3 mm. Body length of beetle ABAC 063 (including visible part of head) 3.5 mm. Even though the specimens are larger than the holotype, no morphological or significant differences were found, and the specimens are assigned to extinct E. gorskii.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFA665FFF506C98BECE55EA.taxon	description	(Figs 33 – 36)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFA665FFF506C98BECE55EA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. One specimen with collection number JDC- 12545 [JDC], Baltic amber; adult, sex unknown (Fig. 33). A complete beetle is included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 23 × 17 mm and a maximum thickness of 7 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Ventral portion of specimen is obscured by cracks and ‘ milky’ opacity within amber. Syninclusions: one Formicidae (Hymenoptera) specimen; large leg of? Araneae; few stellate Fagaceae trichomes; and numerous minute detrital particles. One specimen with collection number JDC- 12546 [JDC], Baltic amber; adult, sex unknown (Figs 34 – 35). A complete beetle with partially exposed metathoracic wings is included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 25 × 23 mm and a maximum thickness of 8 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Ventral portion of specimen is visible, partially obscured by gas bubble on right side. Syninclusions: few stellate Fagaceae trichomes. One specimen with collection number No. KA-CLP- 002 [CKVA], Baltic amber; adult, sex unknown (Fig. 36). A complete beetle included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 20 × 27 mm and a maximum thickness of 4 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions: one specimen of Hymenoptera (? Chalcididae).	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFA665FFF506C98BECE55EA.taxon	discussion	Note. Body length of beetle JDC- 12545 (including visible part of head) 3.9 mm, maximum body width 1.4 mm. This specimen has a dilated antennomere 10, elytra without fascicules, pronotum with longitudinal impression at middle, and about 10 – 12 small denticles on each side of pronotum laterally. Although the specimen is slightly smaller than the holotype, and it is obscured for study on the ventral side, no morphological differences were found, and the specimen is assigned to extinct X. richardklebsi. Body length of beetle JDC- 12546 (including visible part of head) 3.4 mm, maximum body width 1.2 mm. This specimen has dilated antennomere 10, elytra without fascicules, pronotum with distinct longitudinal impression medially, and 12 small denticles on each side of pronotum laterally. While the specimen is smaller than the holotype, no morphological differences were found, and the specimen is assigned to extinct X. richardklebsi. Body length of beetle KA-CLP- 002 (including visible part of head) 4.25 mm, maximum body width 1.5 mm. Although the specimen is slightly larger than the holotype, no morphological differences were found and the specimen is assigned to extinct X. richardklebsi. Our study of Zopheridae amber inclusions in Baltic amber (including present material and specimens not considered in the current publication) shows that X. richardklebsi was abundant in the Eocene amberiferous forests of Fennosarmatia, and that it is seemingly the most common inclusion among the Baltic amber zopherid species.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFC665FFF506E7FB8B3539A.taxon	description	(Figs 37 – 38)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFC665FFF506E7FB8B3539A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. One specimen with collection number No. KA-CLP- 003 [CKVA], Baltic amber; adult, sex unknown. A complete beetle is included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 25 × 9 mm and a maximum thickness of 6 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Ventral portion of specimen is obscured by cracks and “ milky ” opacity within amber. Syninclusions: one stellate Fagaceae trichome	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFC665FFF506E7FB8B3539A.taxon	discussion	Note. Measurements of the specimen (body length 3.5 mm, maximum width 1.25 mm), dilated antennomere 10, elytra with setal fascicules, pronotum without distinct longitudinal impression at middle, and strongly arcuate anterior margin of pronotum let us assign the specimen to extinct X. legalovi.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFC665FFF506C86BFC651DA.taxon	description	(Figs 39 – 41)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFC665FFF506C86BFC651DA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. One specimen with collection number JDC- 13221 [JDC], Baltic amber; adult, sex unknown. A rather complete beetle is included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 22 × 6 mm and a maximum thickness of 5 mm; preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions: absent.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFC665FFF506C86BFC651DA.taxon	discussion	Note. Body length of beetle JDC- 13221 (including visible part of head) 6.6 mm. Specimen JDC- 13221 shares with the holotype of Y. colydioides other external characters and is considered conspecific.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFD665EFF506F8ABA5B514A.taxon	description	(Figs 42 – 44)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFD665EFF506F8ABA5B514A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. One specimen with collection number JDC- 11965 [JDC], Baltic amber; adult, sex unknown. A complete beetle is included in a transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 20 × 17 mm and a maximum thickness of 5 mm, preserved without supplementary fixation. Syninclusions: absent.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFD665EFF506F8ABA5B514A.taxon	discussion	Note. Body length of beetle JDC- 11965 (including visible part of head) 4.9 mm. This specimen has 5 - 5 - 4 tarsal formula, protruding hemispherical eyes, and 11 - segmented antennae with weakly developed 2 - segmented club. Specimen JDC- 11965 shares with the holotype of Z. auriborussiensis other external characters and is considered conspecific. The smaller body size (4.9 mm in contrast to 5.3 mm in the holotype) is interpreted as intraspecific variability.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFF665CFF506920BA345237.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CCHH.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFF665CFF506920BA345237.taxon	discussion	Comment: the holotype specimen was first mentioned and imaged in Alekseev & Bukejs (2016) as an undescribed species of the genus.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFF665CFF5068F3B9725508.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Ips terebrans Olivier, 1790	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFF665CFF506EC0BF145300.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CCHH.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFF665CFF506C14BA1A5140.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CCGG in GPIH.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFF665CFF506C14BA1A5140.taxon	discussion	Comment: the species and genus were originally described within the tribe Belopini Reitter, 1917 (Tenebrionidae).	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFF665CFF506FE0BF535004.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Yantaroxenos colydioides Nabozhenko, Kirejtshuk et Merkl, 2016	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFFF665CFF506DD8B8E651F1.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Zopheromimus auriborussiensis Alekseev et Nabozhenko, 2023	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF506CAAB98A5192.taxon	description	(Figs 45 – 46)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF506CAAB98A5192.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CVIA.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF506C76B9D4509D.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Tritoma crenata Fabricius, 1775	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF506EEAB9DC5399.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CCGG in GPIH.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF506EEAB9DC5399.taxon	discussion	Comment: Placement of the genus in the tribe Gempylodini is tentative, because of the presence of several contradictory characters in the morphology of this specimen. External similarity with representatives of the tribe may be due to convergent evolution this case.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF5069B6B8BD525E.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Damzenia groehni V. Alekseev in Alekseev & Alekseev (2019)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF5068CEB9CD5512.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: KRAM.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF506B9AB98D5439.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Usechus lacerta Motschulsky, 1845	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF506AD6BF915746.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: KRAM.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC06663FF506AD6BF915746.taxon	discussion	Comment: the holotype specimen was first mentioned as “ Zopherinae ” by Alekseev (2022 b).	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC16662FF506EF3B9CD533F.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CCGG in GPIH.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC16662FF5069BFB9ED5266.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Bolitophagus pictus Sturm, 1807	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC16662FF506FCBB9AA53EA.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Diodesma subterranea Latreille, 1829	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC16662FF506C7FB80B50C3.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CCHH.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC16662FF506D57B9E2517E.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Eledona spinulosa Latrelle, 1807	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC26661FF506AD6BF15571A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CAG.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC26661FF506B2EB98C57D5.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Lasconotus complex LeConte, 1859	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC26661FF506862B9C754AE.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: RSM.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC26661FF5068BAB9E2555A.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Paha guadalupensis Dajoz, 1984	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC26661FF5069EEB9CD5232.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: ACAB.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC26661FF506EC6B83652EE.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Semicoxelus sontagae Alekseev et Pankowski, 2020	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC26661FF506F7AB82653C6.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: MAIG.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC26661FF506C86B8D6514A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: KRAM.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC26661FF506C52B8745072.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Synchita juglandis Hellwig in Schneider, 1792	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF506F1EB9CD53E2.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CCGG in GPIH.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF506EEAB809530A.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Helioctamenus hippopotamus Schaufuss, 1882	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF506C76B9D7509E.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Thanatoplagia tamutisi sp. nov.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF506CAAB9CD5176.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: ACAB.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF506AD6B98256FE.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Lyctus fasciculosus Gyllenhal, 1827	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF506806B8F5553E.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CCHH.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF506806B8F5553E.taxon	discussion	Comment: Generic placement of the species is somewhat uncertain because ventral side of the holotype and the studied additional specimen is not visible due to milky-white coating and near-opacities of amber matrix. Additional micro-CT scans are recommended to support this taxonomic placement.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF5069CABF155216.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CCHH.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF506B0ABF0657F2.taxon	description	(Figs 47 – 48)	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC36660FF506B0ABF0657F2.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype depository: CVIA.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
03F4DF38FFC46666FF506AD6BED65484.taxon	description	The following key separates all the zopherid taxa described from Baltic amber. It should be noted that characters are chosen for conspicuousness and ease of recognition, not necessarily because they directly reflect the phylogeny, or are the most important characters in systematics of this group. Representatives of Sarrotriini and Synchitini are especially difficult to distinguish during the study of inclusions. Unequivocal separation of these tribes (at least for the Baltic amber representatives studied with optic tools) is not easy. Identification should be made with use of the full character combination, presented in the key below.	en	ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C., BUKEJS, ANDRIS (2024): A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’. Zootaxa 5536 (2): 201-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1
