identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F4744DFFAEFF86199BB937FB6AFB5A.text	03F4744DFFAEFF86199BB937FB6AFB5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus Loew 1857	<div><p>Teuchophorus Loew, 1857</p> <p>The genus Teuchophorus belongs to the subfamily Sympycninae and is very closely related to the Sympycnus – Chaetogonopteron complex. Teuchophorus represents small flies of about 1.5-4 mm (diagnosis see Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003). The third antennal segment is generally triangular with a dorsal arista. However, in the T. gratiosus group (former genus Mastigomyia Becker) the third antennal segment can range from 3.5 times to 5.5 times as long as wide. In these species the arista can be longer than the third antennal segment, shorter or even completely absent. Females of the T. gratiosus group have short, triangular antennae.</p> <p>Chaetotaxy on the mesoscutum is stable and is as follows: The acrostichals are generally uniseriate in Teuchophorus and rarely absent. In the T. pauper group the acr are always absent. Some species of the T. gratiosus group also lack acrostichals. Four to five dorsocentrals; one humeral with a hair beside, two notopleurals, one posthumeral, one presutural, one sutural, one intraalar, two supraalars; scutellum with two strong marginals.</p> <p>The first tarsomere of the hind leg is always shortened. Vein m1+2 is turned up immediately after the connection with the cross vein tp and not presenting a wing “boss” at some distance of the cross vein like in the Sympycnus – Chaetogonopteron- complex. Males have often a stigma, being a darkened swelling on the costa. It is present in most Palaearctic species, but in Singapore only T. stenostigma has a slight thickening and darkening of the costa. The other species do not display that character.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFAEFF86199BB937FB6AFB5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFAEFF8519C9BD76FA14FEDF.text	03F4744DFFAEFF8519C9BD76FA14FEDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus Loew 1857	<div><p>Key to male Teuchophorus of Singapore</p> <p>1. Third antennal segment more than 2.5 times as long as wide................................................................................................ 2</p> <p>– Third antennal segment at most 1.5 times as long as wide, or shorter.................................................................................... 4</p> <p>2. Arista longer than third antennal segment; third antennal segment nearly 3.5 times as long as wide (Fig. 6)............................................................................. T. temasek, new species (pg. 62)</p> <p>– Arista shorter than third segment or even spine-like; third antennal segment more than 3.5 times as long as wide (Figs. 9, 12)......................................................................................... 3</p> <p>3. Arista shorter than base of third antennal segment. Third antennal segment 5.5 times a long as wide (Fig. 12). Acr uniseriate............................................ T. antennatus, new species (pg. 65)</p> <p>– Arista well developed but shorter than length of third antennal segment (Fig. 9). Third antennal segment 4.5 times as long as wide. No acr............... T. neesoonensis, new species (pg. 64)</p> <p>4. Acr present............................................................................ 5</p> <p>– No acr present..................................................................... 11</p> <p>5. Mid femur ventrally with a pair of very long bristles (Fig. 2). Mid tibia ventrally near middle with a long flattened bristle............................. T. ornatulus Meuffels &amp; Grootaert (pg. 61)</p> <p>– Mid femur ventrally without long bristles; mid tibia without flattened bristles.................................................................... 6</p> <p>6. Third antennal segment about 1.5 times as long as wide; hind tibia with some strong dark bristles in the preapical comb (Fig. 49) (sandy beach)................................................................................................ T. krabiensis Meuffels &amp; Grootaert (pg. 78)</p> <p>– Third antennal segment at most 1.2 times as long a wide, or shorter; hind tibia without stronger bristles in the preapical comb............................................................................................... 7</p> <p>7. Wing costa slightly thickened between R1 and R2+3, but not a real stigma (Fig. 51)........................................................................................ T. stenostigma Meuffels &amp; Grootaert (pg. 79)</p> <p>– Costa with at most a darkening of the area between R1 and R2+3............................................................................................... 8</p> <p>8. Hind tibia posteriorly near base with about 5 erect hairs (mangrove)................................................................................................... T. simplicissimus Meuffels &amp; Grootaert (pg. 73)</p> <p>– Hind tibia posteriorly without such hairs............................. 9</p> <p>9. Tip of cercus darkened and with long bristles............................................................... T. tiomanensis, new species (pg. 75)</p> <p>– Tip of cercus not darkened and without long bristles........ 10</p> <p>10. Fore leg with a basal ventral spinule on first tarsomere. Surstyli short, truncate; cerci longer than surstyli (Fig. 47).......................................................... T. bulohensis, new species (pg. 77)</p> <p>– No spinule on fore metatarsus. Aedeagal complex contrastingly black and large (Fig. 39)..... T. limosus, new species (pg. 74)</p> <p>11. Mid femur ventrally with about 4-5 short spine-like bristles (Fig. 26).................................. T. spinulosus, new species (pg. 71)</p> <p>– Mid femur ventrally without or only minute bristles......... 12</p> <p>12. Third antennal segment about 1.5 times as long as wide, with a fine elongated tip (Fig. 28).............................................................................................. T. acuminatus, new species (pg. 72)</p> <p>– Third antennal segment shorter than wide......................... 13</p> <p>13. Hypandrium symmetrical (Fig. 23). Prosternum yellow, with a central brown spot................. T. meieri, new species (pg. 69)</p> <p>– Hypandrium asymmetrical (Fig. 18). Prosternum entirely brown with a central black stripe................................................... 14</p> <p>14. Right arm of hypandrium much longer than left arm and wrinkled laterally (Fig. 20); ventral surstylus ventrally indented, bearing two strong bristles (Thailand).................................................................... T. pauper Meuffels &amp; Grootaert (pg. 68)</p> <p>– Right arm of hypandrium almost as long as left arm; tip of right arm smooth (Fig. 19); ventral surstylus ventrally not indented................................... T. singaporensis, new species (pg. 66)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFAEFF8519C9BD76FA14FEDF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFADFF841919BBDAFF6FFC93.text	03F4744DFFADFF841919BBDAFF6FFC93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus ornatulus Meuffels & Grootaert 2003	<div><p>Teuchophorus ornatulus Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003</p> <p>(Figs. 1-4)</p> <p>Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003: 150, Figs. 2-6.</p> <p>Material examined. – SINGAPORE: 6 males, 3 females, Sime forest, 24 Mar.2005 (25026, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 561); 9 males, 19 females, Sime forest, 15 Apr.2005 (25061, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 715); 30 males, 37 females, Sime forest, 2 Jul.2005 (25191, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 865); 1 male, Sime forest, 7 Sept.2005 (25334, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1112).</p> <p>MALAYSIA: 9 males, 2 females, Johor, Gunung Belumut, 22 Oct.2005, sandy riverbanks in oil palm plantation (25396, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1096); 7 males, 1 female, Gunung Belumut, 22 Oct.2005, sandy and rocky riverbanks in primary rain forest (25397, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1101).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – A medium-sized metallic green species with a short antenna (shorter than wide) and wing without stigma and without “flag” (group of black bristles on hind margin of wing). Mid femur ventrally with two very long bristles near base (Fig. 2). Mid tibia with a long, flattened ventral bristle beyond middle. Hind femur with only short ventral bristles.</p> <p>Distribution. – Singapore, Malaysia, South-Thailand (Trang prov.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFADFF841919BBDAFF6FFC93	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFACFF8219EEB8F7FD6EFE1A.text	03F4744DFFACFF8219EEB8F7FD6EFE1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus temasek Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus temasek, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 5-8)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: SINGAPORE: Nee Soon, Central Catchment Area (Upper Peirce Reservoir), acidic swamp forest, Malaise trap, 3 Dec.2003 (23104, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 39).</p> <p>Paratypes: SINGAPORE: 1 male, Nee Soon, 16 Mar.2005, Malaise trap 1 in swamp forest (25015, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 459); 1 female, Nee Soon, 16 Mar.2005, Mal. 2 (25016, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 481); 8 males, 2 females, Nee Soon, 16 Mar.2005, Mal. 3, (25017, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 496); 1 male, Nee Soon, 12 Aug.2005 (25291, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 949); 1 male, 1 female, Nee Soon, 19 Aug.2005 (25298, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 951); 5 males, 5 females, Nee Soon, 16 Sept.2005 (25350, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1110, Si 1111).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – A species of the T. gratiosus group with third antennal segment nearly 3.5 times as long as wide and with arista longer than third segment. Acr absent.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.5 mm; wing length: 1.65 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons broad, with shining metallic green ground colour; face concolorous with frons, narrow, near middle as wide as an eye facet. Eye facets enlarged in front and below, small above. Palpi small, brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum brown. Occiput shining metallic green. Chaetotaxy as usual; a pair of long brown ocellars and verticals, 2 small postocellars. Postocular cilia uniseriate, short, brown. Antenna (Fig. 6) with basal segments yellow, third segment brown, very long, at least three times (3.2) as long as wide. Arista about 1.5 times as long as third segment.</p> <p>Thorax. Mesoscutum and scutellum shining metallic green, but yellowish-brown on sides (humeri, notopleural depression, postalar calli). Pleurae brown in apical half, lower half of mesopleura and sternopleura yellow. Long bristles on mesoscutum brown. Chaetotaxy as usual, but no acr, 5 dc. Scutellum with 2 marginals, flanked each by a minute hair. Legs, including coxae, yellow.</p> <p>Fore leg. Coxa with very short, sparse brown hairs, and a row of brown bristles towards apex. Femur with short, ventral bristles in basal third, half as long as femur is wide. A weak posterior preapical present. Tibia about as long as femur, without bristles or serration. First tarsomere without basal spinule. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.49: 0.49: 0.3: 0.14: 0.14: 0.07: 0.07.</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa with long brown exterior bristle. Femur with a brown preapical av and a preapical pv. Tibia with a weak brownish yellow pd on basal third; 2 ad and apical crown with 2 somewhat longer bristles. Tarsomeres 4 and 5 unusually short. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.63: 0.6: 0.31: 0.14: 0.8: 0.3: 0.3.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a brown exterior bristle (shorter than that on mid coxa). Femur slightly thickened, without any bristle, except a preapical a and av. Tibia longer than femur, with 3 short brownish yellow pd. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.7: 0.84: 0.14: 0.17: 0.1: 0.07: 0.06.</p> <p>Wing faintly brownish tinged, with brown veins. Costa not thickened. r4+5 and m1+2 apically slightly diverging. Apical portion of Cu twice as long as tp. Halter yellow. Squama with almost black border and black cilia.</p> <p>Abdomen brown; venter yellowish. Hairs and bristles brownish. First tergite with 5 pairs of long marginal bristles (outer most short). Hypopygium (Figs. 7-8) brown; cerci brown. Cercus with a long apical bristle (about as long as cercus is long). A pair of strong pedunculate epandrial bristles and a short basal epandrial (Fig. 7). Hypandrium a simple plate.</p> <p>Female. Body length: 2.1 mm; wing length: 1.92 mm. Identical to male in most respects but third antennal segment short (Fig. 5): a little longer than wide. Face a little broader than in male, a little wider than second antennal segment.</p> <p>Etymology. – The species name temasek refers to the name of ancient Singapore, which means “city at the sea”. Used as a noun in apposition.</p> <p>Discussion. – Teuchophorus temasek, new species, is closely related to T. gratiosus but the latter has uniseriate acrostichal bristles and the arista very short. In T. temasek, the arista is longer than the third antennal segment and there are no acrostichal bristles. A synapomorphy are the long marginal bristles on the first tergite.</p> <p>Teuchophorus temasek, new species, and T. neesoonensis, new species, are sister species. The main differences in the two species are the length of the third antennal segment and the arista. In T. temasek the third antennal segment is nearly 3.5 times as long as wide with the arista longer than the third segment (about 1.5 times as long) and the basal antennal segments are yellowish. In T. neesoonensis the third antennal segment is 4.5 times as long as wide and the arista is shorter than the third segment (3/4 length of third segment). The basal antennal segments are brown. The structure of the hypopygium of both species is almost identical. Both have two strong lateral epandrial bristles on a tubercle and a small median epandrial seta. A strong dorsal bristle is present on the dorsal surstylus. The cercus bears a very long apical bristle. Finally, T. temasek and neesoonensis differ from T. antennatus new species in having no acrostichal bristles and the presence of a well-developed arista. T. antennatus has a very short spine-like arista and distinct, uniseriate acrostichals. It also lacks the very long apical bristles on the cercus and has only a single lateral epandrial bristle.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Singapore. Swamp forest.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFACFF8219EEB8F7FD6EFE1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFAAFF811A86BA37FA5CFCC4.text	03F4744DFFAAFF811A86BA37FA5CFCC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus neesoonensis Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus neesoonensis, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 9-11)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: SINGAPORE: Nee Soon, Central Catchment NR, acidic swamp forest, Malaise trap, 24 Mar.2005 (25029, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 600).</p> <p>Paratypes: SINGAPORE: 2 males, Nee Soon, 26 Aug.2005, Mal 3, (25318, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1108); 1 male, Nee Soon, 7 Sept.2005, Mal. 2, (25332, coll. P. Grootaert, Si1051); 1 male, Nee Soon, 16 Sept.2005, Mal. 2, (25350, coll. P. Grootaert, Si1109).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – A species of the T. gratiosus group with third antennal segment nearly 4.5 times as long as wide and with arista shorter than third antennal segment (about 3/4 of length of third antennal segment). Basal antennal segments brown. Acr absent.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.6 mm; wing length: 1.5 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons broad, with shining metallic green ground-colour; face concolourous with frons, narrow, near middle as wide as an eye facet. Eye facets enlarged in front and below, small above. Palpi small, brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum brown. Occiput shining metallic green Chaetotaxy as usual; a pair of long brown ocellars and verticals, 2 small postocellars. Postocular cilia uniseriate, short, brown. Antenna (Fig. 9) with basal segments dark brown, third segment pale brown, very long, about 4.5 times as long as wide. Arista about 3/4 length of third segment.</p> <p>Thorax. Mesoscutum and scutellum shining metallic green, but yellowish-brown on sides (humeri, notopleural depression, postalar calli). Pleurae brown on upper half, but yellow on lower half. Long bristles on mesoscutum black. Chaetotaxy as usual, but no acr, 6 dc. Scutellum with 2 marginals.</p> <p>Legs, including coxae, yellow.</p> <p>Fore leg. Coxa with very short, sparse brown hairs, and a row of brown bristles towards apex. Femur without ventral bristles. A weak posterior preapical present. Tibia about as long as femur, without bristles or serration. First tarsomere without basal spinule. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.49: 0.49: 0.24: 0.14: 0.08: 0.05: 0.05.</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa with long brown exterior bristle. Femur with a brown preapical av and a preapical pv. Tibia with a weak brownish pd on basal third; 2 ad and apical crown with 2 somewhat longer bristles. Tarsomeres 4 and 5 unusually short. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.56: 0.56: 0.25: 0.12: 0.08: 0.07: 0.07.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a brown exterior bristle (shorter than that on mid coxa). Femur slightly thickened, without any bristle, except a preapical a and av. Tibia longer than femur, with 3 short brownish pd. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.77: 0.77: 0.17: 0.19: 0.08: 0.05: 0.05.</p> <p>Wing faintly brownish tinged, with brown veins. Costa not thickened. r4+5 and m1+2 apically slightly diverging. Apical portion of Cu 1.5 times as long as tp. Halter yellow. Squama with almost black border and black cilia.</p> <p>Abdomen brown; venter yellowish (except for brown 5 th sternite). Hairs and bristles brownish. First tergite with 3 pairs of long black bristles. First tergite with 6 long black marginal bristles. Hypopygium (Figs. 10-11) brown; cerci brown. Cercus with a long apical bristle (longer than cercus is long). Dorsal surstylus with a very long dorsal bristle. A pair of strong pedunculate epandrial bristles and a short basal epandrial bristle (Fig. 10). Hypandrium a simple plate.</p> <p>Female unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. – The name neesoonensis refers to the type locality that is probably one of Singapore’s most diverse forests.</p> <p>Discussion. – Teuchophorus neesoonensis, new species, is very closely related to T. temasek, new species. For the differences between the two species and the other species of the T. gratiosus group, I refer to the discussion under T. temasek, new species. The most obvious character is the length of the arista and the third antennal segment.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Singapore. Swamp forest.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFAAFF811A86BA37FA5CFCC4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFA9FF8019EBBB9BFAA5FB9A.text	03F4744DFFA9FF8019EBBB9BFAA5FB9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus antennatus Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus antennatus, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 12-14)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: SINGAPORE: Sime forest, 2 Jul.2005, Mal. 1 (25189, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 864).</p> <p>Paratypes: SINGAPORE: 1 male, Sime forest, 7 Sept.2005, Mal. 1</p> <p>(25334, coll. P. Grootaert, Si1106); 1 male, Nee Soon, 16 Sept.2005, Mal. 2 (25350, coll. P. Grootaert, Si1107).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – A species of the T. gratiosus group. Third antennal segment 5.5 times as long as wide; base subrectangular. Arista spine-like, very short, about half as long as the subrectangular swelling of third antennal segment is wide (by. Bristles on head and thorax brown. Acr brown, uniseriate and diverging. Four pairs of marginals on tergite 1.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.75 mm; wing length: 1.75 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons broad, with shining metallic green ground-colour; face concolorous with frons, narrow, near middle as wide as an eye facet. Eye facets enlarged in front and below, small above. Palpi small, brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum brown. Occiput shining metallic green. Chaetotaxy as usual; a pair of long brown ocellars and verticals, 2 small postocellars. Postocular cilia uniseriate, short, brown. Antenna (Fig. 12) with basal segment yellow, second segment pale brown, third segment brown, very long, about 5.5 times as long as wide, basally with a subrectangular swelling. Arista very short, about half as long as base of third antennal segment.</p> <p>Thorax. Mesoscutum and scutellum shining metallic green, but brown on sides (humeri, notopleural depression, postalar calli). Pleurae brown on upper half, but yellow on lower half (sternopleuron, hypopleuron). Long bristles on mesoscutum dark brown. Chaetotaxy as usual. Acr distinct, uniseriate and diverging, 6 dc. Scutellum with 2 marginals.</p> <p>Legs, including all coxae, yellow.</p> <p>Fore leg. Coxa with very short, brown hairs, and a row of brown bristles at apex. Femur with minute ventral bristles, and a single longer preapical. A weak posterior preapical present. Tibia about as long as femur, without bristles or serration. First tarsomere without basal spinule. Length femur, tibia and tarsomeres (in mm): 0.58: 0.49: 0.28: 0.14: 0.084: 0.056: 0.056.</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa with long brown exterior bristle. Femur with a short, brown preapical av and a strong preapical pv. Tibia with a weak brownish pd on basal third; 3 weak pv and an apical crown of bristles. Length femur, tibia and tarsomeres (in mm): 0.63: 0.63: 0.28: 0.112: 0.07: 0.07: 0.056.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a brown exterior bristle (shorter than the one on mid coxa). Femur slightly thickened, without any bristle, except a preapical a and av. Tibia longer than femur, with 4 short brownish pd. Tarsus somewhat curved. Length femur, tibia and tarsomeres (in mm): 0.77: 0.91: 0.07: 0.224: 0.112: 0.084: 0.07.</p> <p>Wing faintly brownish tinged, with brown veins. Costa not thickened. r4+5 and m1+2 apically slightly diverging. Apical portion of Cu twice as long as tp. Halter yellow. Squama with black border and black cilia.</p> <p>Abdomen with brown tergites; first sternite yellow, following segments pale brown. Hairs and bristles brownish. Basal tergite with 4 pairs of long black marginal bristles (outmost pair shortest). Hypopygium (Figs. 13-14) brown; cerci brown. Dorsal side of aedeagus near tip sagged. Cercus without long apical bristle. A single long, non-pedunculate lateral epandrial and a short basal epandrial bristle present. Dorsal surstylus with a short dorsal bristle.</p> <p>Female unknown.</p> <p>Discussion. – The new species is closely related to T. trangensis Bickel, 1999. Both have a very long third antennal segment with a very short arista and the base of the third antennal segment has a peculiar subrectagular broadening. In T. trangensis the arista is somewhat longer than the width of the third antennal segment, whereas in the new species the arista is shorter: about half as long as the width of the third segment. In T. trangensis both basal antennal segments are yellow, while only the scape is yellow in the new species. The male genitalia of T. trangensis are not illustrated, but Bickel states (l.c.) that the genitalia of T. trangensis are similar to those of T. gratiosus. The latter has a very long aedeagus, and two long, lateral epandrial setae on a tubercle. The new species has a short aedeagus with a sagged tip and only one lateral epandrial seta. Although T. trangensis and the new species are morphologically very similar, we consider the morphological characters as sound enough to distinguish them as separate species. For a further comparison with T. temasek and T. neesoonensis, I refer to the key and the descriptions above.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Singapore. Swamp forest.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFA9FF8019EBBB9BFAA5FB9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFA8FF8E19CFBEF7FBA4FC1A.text	03F4744DFFA8FF8E19CFBEF7FBA4FC1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus singaporensis Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus singaporensis, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 15-19)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: SINGAPORE: Sime forest, 24 Mar.2005 (25026, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 562, ZRC).</p> <p>Paratypes: SINGAPORE: 1 male, 4 females, Nee Soon, 9 Mar.2005, swamp forest (25006, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 376); 3 females, Nee Soon, 9 Mar.2005 (25005, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 393); 5 males, 5 females, Sime forest, 24 Mar.2005 (25026, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 562 - male dissected); 2 females, Bukit Timah, 16 Mar.2005 (25021, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 515); 1 female, Pulau Ubin, Check Jawa, 26 Mar.2005 (25034, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 536); 1 male, 4 females, Sime forest, 15 Apr.2005 (25061, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 716); 1 female, Kranji (beach forest), 27 Jul.2005 (25254, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 927).</p> <p>MALAYSIA: 2 males, 1 female, Pulau Tioman, Salang, 13 Jul.2005, forest (25209, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 2); 4 males, Pulau Tioman, Salang, 13 Jul.2005 (25211, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 6); 7 males, Juara, 20 Jul.2005 (25246, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 128; extracted for DNA); 8 males, 6 females, Johor, Gunung Belumut, 22 Oct.2005, riverbanks in palm oil plantation (25396, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1098).</p> <p>THAILAND: 38 males, 29 females, Phang-Nga province, Thap Put, 23 Oct.1997, (97107, coll. P. Grootaert) population of only T. singaporensis; 9 males, females (?), Phang-Nga province, Thap Put, 23 Oct.1997, (97107, coll. P. Grootaert) mixed population of T. singaporensis and T. pauper, so females unidentified; 24 males, 5 females, Songkhla province, Ban Huai Mo, 30 Oct.1997, swamp forest (97150, coll. P. Grootaert, RBINS), pure population of T. singaporensis, no T. pauper found.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Medium-sized species with yellowish antennae. No acr; 5 dc. Bristles on head, thorax and legs yellow to yellowish brown. Costa not thickened. Prosterna entirely brown with a central black stripe. Mesopleura almost entirely brown. Hypandrium bifurcate, but asymmetric with a short left arm and a longer right arm. In resting position aedeagus shorter than hypandrium.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.38-1.50 mm; wing length: 1.25-1.30 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons and face with greenish black ground-colour, feebly shining. Frons broad. Face wide, at its narrowest point about as wide second antennal segment. Palpi yellowish brown, each with a short brownish yellow, sometimes dark apical bristle. Rostrum yellowish brown. Occiput greenish black, feebly shining. Chaetotaxy as usual, all bristles brownish; 2 very short postocellars. Antenna (Fig. 15) short, yellow; second segment darkened on dorsal surface and narrowly along apical margin; third segment darkened on about apical third. Third segment shorter than wide, with a short, blunt apex. Arista slightly more than three times as long as antenna; basal aristal segment slightly shorter than third antennal segment.</p> <p>Thorax. Mesoscutum brown, with a greenish shine, becoming paler towards sides; humeri, lower part of notopleura, and a narrow border from wing root unto scutellum brownish yellow. Scutellum brownish with paler border. Mesopleura almost completely brownish; sternopleura yellow; Prosterna brown with a black central stripe. Chaetotaxy as usual, but there are no acr; all bristles brownish or brownish yellow. 5 dc. Scutellum with 2 marginals. No propleural bristle.</p> <p>Legs, including all coxae, yellow. The preapical posterior comb on the basal tarsomere of the hind legs is contrastingly darkened (the other combs are pale).</p> <p>Fore leg. Coxa with short pale sparse hairs and a row of short brownish bristles towards apex. Femur with a very short hair-like preapical pv. Tibia about as long as femur, without bristles or serration. First tarsomere without ventral spinule. Length of tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.4: 0.2: 0.09: 0.07: 0.06: 0.07.</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa anteriorly and exteriorly with very short hairlets. Femur with 2 minute preapical av and 1 minute preapical pv. Tibia a little longer than femur, with 2 small brown ad; 1 small pd near base; 2 small bristles in apical crown. Length of tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.65: 0.22: 0.13: 0.1: 0.08: 0.08.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a very thin and short black exterior bristle. Femur (Fig. 16) with 1-2 preapical av and 1 preapical pv, all very short and weak. Tibia (Fig. 16) hardly longer than femur; 2 (sometimes 3) weak yellowish brown or black dorsal bristles on apical half, and in between them a row of slightly lengthened hairs. First tarsal segment slightly thickened; on its anterior apical rim a fringe of very short brownish hairlets. Length of tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.6: 0.1: 0.2: 0.1: 0.07: 0.075.</p> <p>Wing hyaline, slightly brownish tinged, with yellowish brown veins. Costa not thickened and not darkened. r4+5 and m1+2 apically very feebly, but distinctly diverging. Tp short, straight, oblique, much shorter than apical part of m3+4 (about 2: 5). Halter yellow. Squama small, yellowish with darkened border, with brownish cilia.</p> <p>Abdomen dorsally dark brown or brown, feebly shining, with yellowish incisions. Venter and sides yellowish. Hairs and hindmarginal bristles on terga short, dark. Hypopygium (Figs. 18 and 19) large, dark brown, partly blackish, especially the asymmetrical hypandrium contrastingly black and bulging; right arm of hypandrium almost as long as left arm; tip pointing downward and smooth. Aeadeagus rather thick. Two long dorsal epandrial lobes present that surpass the tip of the hypandrial arms, each bearing a small papilla.</p> <p>Female. Body length 1.3-1.7 mm; wing length 1.2-1.5 mm. Agrees in every aspect with the male. Face a little wider. Legs as in male. Oviscapt with 6 short black acanthae on each hemitergite.</p> <p>Discussion. – There are three very closely related species in the T. pauper group that should be compared: T. pauper Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003, T. singaporensis, new species, and T. meieri, new species. All three species lack acrostichals, are of the same size, have yellowish brown antenna, no peculiar bristling on legs and wing without stigma. Although all three species are small in size, and even if there is variation in colouration of the thorax and the bristles, they can easily be recognized in lateral view, by looking at the shape of the hypandrium and the surstyli.</p> <p>T. singaporensis, new species, and T. pauper are very closely related. Both have 5 equally long dorsocentrals that are yellowish-brown, prosterna entirely brown with a central black stripe and mesopleura almost entirely brown. The most obvious difference is in the genitalia. Both, T. singaporensis and T. pauper have an asymmetrical hypandrium while T. meieri has a symmetrical hypandrium. It is not possible to differentiate T. pauper from T. singaporensis on the somatic characters, but the structure of the male hypopygium is very different: shape of the surstyli, hypandrium, dorsal epandrial lobes and aedeagus.</p> <p>T. meieri, new species, has 4 equally long, black dc, yellow prosterna with a small central black spot and only the upper third of the mesopleura brown, lower two thirds are yellow. T. meieri has, seen in apical view, a large hypandrium with long, symmetrical arms. Both arms end in a large, bifid tip. The ventral epandrial extensions are also symmetrical and the tip, in lateral view, is very wide. The surstyli are rather short in comparison to the long, digitiform surstyli in T. pauper and T. singaporensis.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore. Rain forest and swamp forest.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFA8FF8E19CFBEF7FBA4FC1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFA6FF8D1905BC37FDA9FDBA.text	03F4744DFFA6FF8D1905BC37FDA9FDBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus pauper Meuffels & Grootaert 2004	<div><p>Teuchophorus pauper Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003</p> <p>(Figs. 20-21)</p> <p>Material examined. – THAILAND: 4 males, Phang-Nga, Sa Nangmanora (type locality), 23 Oct.1997 (97104, coll. P. Grootaert); 12 males, Phang-Nga province, Thap Put, 23 Oct.1997, (97107, coll. P. Grootaert) mixed population of T. singaporensis and T. pauper so 3 females unidentified; 1 male, Satun province, Ban Du Son, 29 Oct.1997, forest with mainly bamboo, (97141, coll. P. Grootaert, RBINS); 119 males, 31 females, Songkhla province, Ban Khlong Kua, 29 Oct.1997, secondary rain forest (97142, coll. P. Grootaert, RBINS), pure population of T. pauper, no T. singaporensis present; 2 males, 2 females, Satun province, 20 km north of La-Ngu, 1 Nov.1997, secondary rain forest (97155, coll. P. Grootaert, RBINS); 10 males, 1 female, Satun province, 21 km north of La-Ngu, 1 Nov.1997, secondary rain forest (97156, coll. P. Grootaert, RBINS).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Medium-sized species with yellowish antennae. No acr; 5 dc. Bristles on head, thorax and legs yellow to yellowish brown. Costa not thickened. Prosterna entirely brown with a central black stripe. Mesopleura almost entirely brown. Hypandrium bifurcate, but asymmetric with a very short left arm and a longer right arm. The tip of the right arm is rugose in right lateral view. The tip of the aedeagus is long effilate. The dorsal surstylus is dorsally near tip excavated and bears two long bristles at the base of the concavity.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.5 mm, wing length: 1.25 mm.</p> <p>Meuffels &amp; Grootaert (2003) shows curiously bent appendages below the hypandrium. Specimens of the type locality (Sa Nangmanora near Phang-Na, Thailand) were re-examined. In the original description (Fig. 120) the structure of the right hypandrial arm was misinterpreted. It is much shorter and has a rugose (wrinkled) tip. The dorsal epandrial lobe is very long and bears two short, pointed appendages (Fig. 20).</p> <p>I have not found T. pauper in Singapore. Considering its distribution in South-Thailand and the mixed populations of T. pauper and T. singaporensis, it is likely to occur in Singapore as well.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – South Thailand, Indonesia: Sulawesi Utara. Rain forest and swamp forest.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFA6FF8D1905BC37FDA9FDBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFA5FF8B1B4BBA57FF1AFD9A.text	03F4744DFFA5FF8B1B4BBA57FF1AFD9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus meieri Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus meieri, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 22-24)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: SINGAPORE: Nee Soon, 5 Apr.2005, Malaise trap in swamp forest (25048, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 665).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Medium-sized species with yellowish antennae. No acrostichals. 4 black dc. Bristles on head, thorax and legs black. Legs poorly bristled. Costa not thickened. Hypandrium symmetrical. Prosterna yellow, with a central brown spot. Upper third of mesopleura brown, lower two thirds yellow. Description. – Male. Body length: 1.5 mm, wing length: 1.25 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons and face with greenish blue black ground-colour, feebly shining. Frons broad. Face wide, at its narrowest point almost as wide as second antennal segment is wide. Palpi brown, each with a short black apical bristle. Rostrum yellowish brown. Occiput greenish black, feebly shining. Chaetotaxy as usual, all bristles black; 2 very short postocellars. Antenna (Fig. 22) short, yellowish brown; third segment hardly as long as wide, with a short, blunt apex. Arista slightly more than three times as long as antenna; basal aristal segment shorter than third antennal segment.</p> <p>Thorax. Mesoscutum dark brownish, shining, paler brownish towards sides: humeri, lower part of notopleura, and a narrow stripe from wing root unto scutellum brownish yellow. Scutellum brown. Pleurae yellowish. Upper third of mesopleura brown, lower two thirds yellow, Sternopleura and hypopleura yellow. Bristles on thorax black. No acr; 4 dc. Scutellum with a pair of black marginals. A minute pale propleural bristle.</p> <p>Legs, including coxae, yellow (including posterior four coxae). Tip of hind femora brown.</p> <p>Fore leg. Coxa with very short sparse hairs and a row of short brownish bristles at apex. Femur with a very short hair-like preapical pv. Tibia about as long as femur, without bristles or serration. No basal spinule on first tarsomere. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.36: 0.35: 0.15: 0.08: 0.07: 0.06: 0.07.</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa anteriorly and exteriorly with very short hairs, no exterior bristle. Femur with a minute preapical av. Tibia a little longer than femur, with 2 small brown ad (one basal, one median); 1 small pd near base; 2 small bristles in apical crown. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.49: 0.53: 0.19: 0.11: 0.08: 0.05: 0.05.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a very thin and short dark exterior bristle. Femur with 1-2 preapical av and 1 preapical pv, all very short and weak. Tibia hardly longer than femur; 2 (sometimes 3) weak yellowish brown or black dorsal bristles on apical half, and in between them a row of slightly lengthened hairs. First tarsal segment slightly thickened; on its anterior apical rim a fringe of very short brownish hairs. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.49: 0.49: 0.08: 0.14: 0.08: 0.07: 0.07.</p> <p>Wing hyaline, slightly brownish tinged, with brownish veins. Costa not thickened, no stigma but the costa between r1 and r2+3 darker brown (not black). r4+5 and m1+2 apically very feebly diverging. Tp short, straight, oblique, much shorter than apical part of m3+4 (about 2: 5). Halter yellow. Squama small, with darkened border, with few short brownish cilia. Abdomen dorsally dark brown or brown, feebly shining,. Venter and sides yellowish. Hairs and hindmarginal bristles on terga extremely short, dark. Hypopygium (Figs. 23-24) moderately large, dark brown, partly blackish, with partly black appendages. Hypandrium with two long arms (Fig. 23). The tip of the arms are enlarged and bifid in lateral view (Fig. 24). In addition, the epandrium bears a pale, lateral lobe on both sides, partly covering the tips of the hypandrium (Fig. 24). (This structure is unique in Teuchophorus and probably not homologous with the epandrial lobe in other groups). Tip of ventral epandrial lobes much enlarged; the lobes are symmetrical in ventral view.</p> <p>Female unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. – The new species is dedicated to my host Dr. Rudolf Meier, Associate Professor at NUS and head of the Evolutionary Biology Laboratory.</p> <p>Discussion. – Teuchophorus meieri, new species, is very similar to T. singaporensis and T. pauper in the absence of acrostichal bristles, the similar size, general colouration, as well as the poorly bristled legs. We refer to the discussion under T. singaporensis to distinguish T. meieri from T. singaporensis and T. pauper.</p> <p>There are more species without acr especially in the T. gratiosus group. Here in Singapore, there are T. temasek, new species, and T. neesoonensis, new species. The males of both have very long antennae. The females having short antenna, that are however at least as long as wide, are hard to distinguish from T. pauper and T. meieri. T. spinulosus, new species, and T. acuminatus, new species, also lack acrostichals, but have the third antennal segment about 1.5 times as long as wide.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Singapore. River banks in rain forest.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFA5FF8B1B4BBA57FF1AFD9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFA3FF8A1ABEBAB7FF63FC3A.text	03F4744DFFA3FF8A1ABEBAB7FF63FC3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus spinulosus Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus spinulosus new species</p> <p>(Figs. 25-27)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: SINGAPORE: Sime forest, 24 Mar.2005 (25026, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 560).</p> <p>Paratypes: SINGAPORE: 1 male, Sime forest, 24 Mar.2005 (25026, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 560); 5 males, Sime forest, 1 Apr.2005 (25041, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 637); 1 male, Sime forest, 15 Apr.2005, sweeping (25061, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 717); 1 male, Sime forest, 8 Apr.2005 (25053, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 736); 1 male, Sime forest, 1 Jul.2005 Mal. 1 (25189, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1061).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – A small species without acrostichal bristles. Wing without stigma. Third antennal segment elongated, triangular, almost 1.5 times as long as high. Mid femur with 4 to 5 short ventral spine-like bristles.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.63 mm; wing length: 1.63 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons and face with shining dark metallic green ground-colour. Eyes almost touching on face. Palpus small, black, with a small, black apical bristle. Rostrum brown. Occiput blackish green. Chaetotaxy as usual; no postocellars. Postoculars uniseriate, short, black. Antenna (Fig. 25) brown; third segment pointed triangular, 1.5 times as long as wide. Arista slightly more than twice as long as antenna, shortly pubescent.</p> <p>Thorax. Mesoscutum dark brown, paler at sides, but darker toward tip; scutellum blackish. Pleurae largely brown; insertion of wing yellowish. Chaetotaxy as usual, but no acr. Legs and coxae yellow, but apical 1/4 of hind femora, and tarsi brown, hind tarsi darkest. Fore leg. Coxa anteriorly with very short black hairs, that become longer towards apex of coxa. Femur without bristles. Tibia slightly shorter than femur, without bristles or serration. First tarsal segment without a basal, ventral spinule. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.56: 0.42: 0.19: 0.07: 0.06: 0.06: 0.08.</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa anteriorly with very short brown hairs. Femur (Fig. 26) ventrally with about 4-5 short spine-like bristles being 3/4 of width of femur; a weak preapical pv, and a yet thinner preapical av. Tibia with 2 ad, 1 pd. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.65: 0.58: 0.22: 0.14: 0.09: 0.07: 0.08.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a thin, black exterior bristle. Femur with a small preapical av, and some of the hairs of the anteroventral row near tip very slightly lengthened. Tibia about as long as femur; with 2-3 short dorsal bristles; 1 very short and weak ventral bristle. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.70: 0.64: 0.11: 0.19: 0.11: 0.08: 0.08.</p> <p>Wing greyish brown tinged, with dark brown veins. No stigma and costa between r1 and r2+3 not darkened. r4+5 and m1+2 very parallel. Apical part of cu, 1.5 times as long as tp. Halter white. Squama brown, with a black border, and 5 long black cilia.</p> <p>Abdomen dorsally dark brown, with a feeble greenish gloss. Sterna brown. Hairs and hindmarginal bristles on terga short, black. Hypopygium (Fig. 27) brown, with tips of surstyli black.</p> <p>Female unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. – The name spinulosus refers to the 4-5 short spine-like bristles on the mid femur.</p> <p>Discussion. – The short spine-like bristles on the mid femur are characteristic. The shape of the third antennal segment is also quite unique.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Singapore. Riverbanks in rain forest.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFA3FF8A1ABEBAB7FF63FC3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFA2FF891A9EBBEBFF1AFC5A.text	03F4744DFFA2FF891A9EBBEBFF1AFC5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus acuminatus Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus acuminatus, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 28-30)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: SINGAPORE: Nee Soon (Lower Peirce Reservoir), 27 Apr.2005 (25091, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 783).</p> <p>Paratypes: SINGAPORE: 1 male, Nee Soon (Lower Peirce Reservoir), 27 Apr.2005 (25094, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 789); 1 male, Nee Soon, 19 Aug.2005 (25297, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 952); 1 male, Nee Soon, 7 Sept.2005 (25323, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1052).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Third antennal segment nearly 1.5 times as long as wide: basal part wide, with a fine, elongated tip. No acr. No stigma. No ventral bristles on femora.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.75 mm; wing length: 1.5 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons broad, with shining metallic green ground-colour; face concolorous with frons, narrow, near middle as wide an eye facet. Eye facets enlarged in front and below, small above. Palpi small, yellowish-brown, with a black apical bristle. Rostrum brown. Occiput shining metallic green. Chaetotaxy as usual; a pair of long brown ocellars and verticals, 2 small postocellars. Postocular cilia uniseriate, short, brown. Antenna (Fig. 28) with all segments yellowish-brown; third antennal segment not triangular, but rather onionshaped with a slender point; almost 1.5 times as long as wide. Thorax. Mesoscutum and scutellum brownish in ground-colour, with a metallic green shine. Pleura with mesopleura yellowish-brown; sternopleura and hypopleura contrastingly pale yellow; pteropleura brown. Long bristles on mesoscutum dark brown. No acr, 5 dc. Scutellum with 2 marginals.</p> <p>Legs yellow, without distinct bristles. Femora without ventral bristles. No indication of a basal spine, or a hair on a tubercle on fore metatarsus. Fore leg: No indication of a basal spinule or hair on tarsomere 1. Length femur, tibia and tarsomeres (in mm): 0.42: 0.42: 0.36: 0.11: 0.07: 0.06: 0.06.</p> <p>Mid leg: Length femur, tibia and tarsomeres (in mm): 0.53: 0.59: 0.39: 0.27: 0.084: 0.07: 0.07.</p> <p>Hind leg: Length femur, tibia and tarsomeres (in mm): 0.63: 0.64: 0.11: 0.252: 0.14: 0.098: 0.07.</p> <p>Abdomen. Tergites brown, sternites pale brown. First tergite with short marginals only (not long as in T. temasek and the other species of the T. gratiosus group). Male genitalia large, elongated. Hypandrium and aedeagus asymmetrical (Fig. 29- 30).</p> <p>Female unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. – The name acuminatus refers to the pointed tip of the third antennal segment (acuminatus Lat. for pointed).</p> <p>Discussion. – The shape of the tip of the third antennal segment suggests that T. acuminatus, new species, might belong to the T. gratiosus group. In contrast to the T. gratiosus group, the genitalia are large and there are no long marginal bristles on the first tergite. Because of the absence of the acrostichals, the rather pale mesoscutum and the asymmetrical hypandrium, T. acuminatus, new species, is provisionally placed in the T. pauper group.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Singapore. Riverbanks in rain forest.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFA2FF891A9EBBEBFF1AFC5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFA1FF881915BAF7FC3CFE1A.text	03F4744DFFA1FF881915BAF7FC3CFE1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus simplicissimus Meuffels & Grootaert 2004	<div><p>Teuchophorus simplicissimus Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003</p> <p>(Figs. 31-34)</p> <p>Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003: 222, Figs. 192-197.</p> <p>Material examined. – SINGAPORE: 15 males, Sungei Buloh, 6 Oct.2000 (20032, coll. P. Grootaert &amp; N. Evenhuis); 19 males, 22 females, Sungei Buloh, 9 Dec.2002 (22057, coll. P. Grootaert); 7 males, Sungei Buloh, 28 May.2005 (25037, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 555); 62 males, Sungei Buloh, 22 Jun.2005 (25121, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 795); 10 males, Sungei Buloh, 26 Aug.2005, sweep netting (25321, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1020); 1 male, Kranji, 27 Jul.2005 (25254, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 926).</p> <p>MALAYSIA: 70 males, 48 females, Pulau Tioman, Monkey Bay, 14 Jul.2005 (25217, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 30); 14 males, Juara, 20 Jul.2005 (25244, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 76); 67 males, Juara, 20 Jul.2005 (25245, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 86); 33 males, Juara, 20 Jul.2005 (25246, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 124).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Third antennal segment hardly as long as wide. Costa not swollen, but darkened between r1 and r2+3. First tarsomere of fore leg with a basal spinule. Mid femur without bristles. Mid tibia with a row of ventral spinules in apical third. Hind femur without ventrals. Hind tibia posteriorly in second basal quarter with about 5 erect hairs. Tip of hypandrium with a small hook.</p> <p>Discussion. – The specimens in Sungei Buloh are a little smaller than the ones on Pulau Tioman. Study of the male genitalia (Figs. 33 vs. 32) suggests that they are conspecific. It is confirmed by genetic work (Wei Song, Grootaert &amp; Meier, in litt.). For identification one should check the presence of the 5 erect hairs in the second basal quarter posteriorly on the hind tibia.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore. It is very common in the upper, less saline parts of mangroves in Singapore. The specimens in Thailand were collected on the sides of pools in a cave system in connection with a mangrove.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFA1FF881915BAF7FC3CFE1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFA0FF9719E8BA34FA14FA7A.text	03F4744DFFA0FF9719E8BA34FA14FA7A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus limosus Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus limosus, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 35-39)</p> <p>Teuchophorus limosus is referred to as species B in Evenhuis &amp; Grootaert, 2002: 316.</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: SINGAPORE: Sungei Buloh, 27 Nov.2003, mangrove (23092, coll. P. Grootaert) in Raffles Museum.</p> <p>Paratypes: SINGAPORE: 44 males, Sungei Buloh, 27 Nov.2003, mangrove (23092, coll. P. Grootaert); 2 males, 4 females, Sungei Buloh, 27 Nov.2003 (23091, coll. P. Grootaert); 2 males, Sungei Buloh, 9 Dec.2003 (22057, coll. P. Grootaert); 7 males, Sungei Buloh, 28 Mar.2005 (25037, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 554); 63 males, Sungei Buloh, 22 Jun.2005 (25121, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 794); 2 males, Sungei Buloh, 11 May.2005 (25159, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 810); 7 males, Sungei Buloh, 6 Jul.2005 (25199, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 879); 27 males, Sungei Buloh, 26 August. 2005, sweep netting (25321, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1019); 4 males, 7 females, Lim Chu Kang, 13 Oct.2000 (20051, coll. P. Grootaert &amp; Neal Evenhuis); 3 males, Pulau Ubin, Chek Jawa, 19 Nov.2003 (23080, coll. P. Grootaert); 3 males, 1 female, Chek Jawa, 2 Dec.2003 (23097, coll. P. Grootaert); 1 male, 1 female, Chek Jawa, 11 Dec.2003 (23119, coll. P; Grootaert); 3 males, Pandan mangrove, 5 Dec.2003 (23109, coll. P. Grootaert); 17 males, 10 females, Mandai mangrove, 9 Oct.2000 (20038); 3 males, 3 females, Kranji, mangrove, 6 Oct.2000 (20033, coll. P. Grootaert &amp; N. Evenhuis, species B in Evenhuis &amp; Grootaert, 2002); 2 males, Kranji (beach forest), 27 Jul.2005 (25254, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 925).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Antenna brownish black with third antennal segment a little wider than long. No stigma present, but costa between r1 and r2+3 darkened. Acr uniseriate. First tarsomere of fore leg without basal spinule (at most an indistinct hair). Mid femur with 2 short ventral bristles at base. Mid tibia ventrally with 4 spinules in apical third. Hind femur without bristles, except for 3 av bristles in apical third. Hind tibia with 2 dorsal bristles. Aedeagal complex strong, black, separated from surstyli.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.4-1.6 mm; wing length: 1.25-1.4 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons subshining metallic green. Face somewhat denser greyish dusted than frons. Palpi small, brown, with a small black bristle. Rostrum brownish yellow. Occiput subshining dark metallic green. Chaetotaxy as usual; no postocellars. Postoculars short, uniseriate, black. Antenna (Fig. 35) short; first and second segments brownish black; third segment dark brown, with a lighter coloured apex. Third segment short, shorter than wide, with a blunt apex. Arista less than 3 times as long as antenna, shortly pubescent; basal segment slightly shorter than upper margin of third antennal segment.</p> <p>Thorax. Mesoscutum and scutellum subshining dark metallic green. Pleurae dark brown, with a metallic green gloss on mesopleura and metapleura; the latter with a black anterior border. Acr uniseriate; 5 dc. A minute propleural bristle.</p> <p>Legs, including coxae, yellow. Mid coxa exteriorly with a vague brown longitudinal streak.</p> <p>Fore leg. Coxa anteriorly with short, sparse, brownish hairs; towards tip a row of 4-5 rather short brownish bristles. Femur with a very weak preapical pv. Tibia about as long as femur, with a short anterodorsal serration, most distinct in apical half. First tarsal segment without spinules at base, at most an indistinct hair. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.42: 0.42: 0.2: 0.07: 0.06: 0.04: 0.07</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa anteriorly with short brownish hairs, no exterior bristle. Femur (Fig. 36) with a rather long preapical av, and a slightly shorter preapical pv; ventrally at base 3 pale bristles about half as long as femur is deep; tibia about as long as femur; 2 ad, 1 pd; ventrally on apical two fifths a row of 4- 5 short spinules (Fig. 36); apical bristles short. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.52: 0.52: 0.21: 0.11: 0.08: 0.07: 0.07.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a weak black exterior bristle. Femur (Fig.</p> <p>37) without ventral bristles, with two long av preceding the preapical a. Tibia about as long as femur; 3 dorsal bristles; first tarsal segment short; on posterior apical rim a short black fringe. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.52: 0.56: 0.11: 0.14: 0.1: 0.07: 0.07.</p> <p>Wing hyaline. Costa not thickened between tips of r1 and r2+3, at most darker than the rest of the costa. r4+5 and m1+2 apically more or less parallel. Length ratio of basal and apical parts of m1+2 about 1:2.5. Halter yellow. Squama brown, broadly blackened at apex, with dark cilia.</p> <p>Abdomen dorsally dark bronze-brown, subshining. Venter yellowish; sternites brownish at middle. Hairs and marginal bristles on terga short, black. Hypopygium (Figs. 38-39) dark brown. Hypandrium, aedeagus and dorsal epandrial lobes strongly curved and separated from surstyli. Aedeagal complex looks contrastingly black due to the black dorsal epandrial lobes, but hypandrium and aedeagus transparent.</p> <p>Female. Body length 1.4-1.7 mm; wing length 1.3-1.45 mm. In most respects identical to male. Ventral spinules on apical half of mid tibia absent.</p> <p>Etymology. – The name limosus (Latin for muddy) refers to the muddy substrate in the mangrove where the new species lives.</p> <p>Discussion. – The new species looks superficially like T. simplicissimus that is sympatric. It is easily distinguished from the latter by the strong, black, curved aedeagal complex, the absence of the posterior erect hairs on the hind tibia and the absence of a basal spinule at the base of the first tarsomere of the fore leg.</p> <p>To identify the species quickly, squeeze the abdomen so that the large black aedeagal complex is freed or, look for absence of the erect posterior hairs on the hind tibia to separate the species from T. simplicissimus.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Singapore. Very common in mangrove, but occurs only in the upper mangrove near pools with less saline water or along affluent freshwater streams.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFA0FF9719E8BA34FA14FA7A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFBFFF9519EFBE17FC6EFE3A.text	03F4744DFFBFFF9519EFBE17FC6EFE3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus tiomanensis Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus tiomanensis, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 40-44)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: MALAYSIA: Pulau Tioman, Paya, 19 Jul.2005 (25237, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 44).</p> <p>Paratypes: MALAYSIA: 198 males, 118 females, Pulau Tioman, Paya, 19 Jul.2005 (25237, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 44; 25 males selected for DNA sequencing); 10 males, Juara, 20 Jul.2005 (25244, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 77); 30 males, Juara, 20 Jul.2005 (25245, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 87), 16 males, Juara, 20 Jul.2005 (25246, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 126). Females of the Juara samples could not be separated from the females of T. simplicissimus.</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Antenna brownish black with third antennal segment as long as wide. No stigma present and costa between r1 and r2+3 only faintly darkened. Acr uniseriate. Fore tibia with dorsal serration. First tarsomere of fore leg with a small basal spinule. Mid tibia ventrally with a row of spinules in apical half. Hind femur with minute bristles, except for 3 av bristles in apical third. Hind tibia with 3 dorsal bristles; posteroventrally in apical half a row of hairs about as long as tibia is wide. Hypandrium black, pointed. Cercus with long apical bristles, surpassing tip of ventral surstylus. Dorsal surstylus not developed.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.6-1.75 mm; wing length: 1.5-1.6 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons subshining metallic green. Face wide, almost as wide as basal antennal segment. Palpi small, black, with a small black bristle. Rostrum brown. Occiput subshining dark metallic green. Chaetotaxy as usual. Postoculars short, uniseriate, black. Antenna (Fig. 40) short; first and second segments brownish black; third segment dark brown, with a lighter coloured apex. Third segment as long as wide, with a rounded tip. Arista 3.5 times as long as antenna, shortly pubescent; basal segment longer than upper margin of third antennal segment.</p> <p>Thorax. Mesoscutum and scutellum subshining dark metallic green. Pleurae dark brown, with a metallic green gloss on mesopleura and metapleura. Acr uniseriate, much shorter than dc; 5 dc.</p> <p>Legs, including coxae, yellow. Mid coxa brownish, exteriorly with a vague brown longitudinal streak.</p> <p>Fore leg. Coxa anteriorly with short, sparse, brownish hairs; towards tip a row of 4 brownish bristles. Femur with a very weak preapical pv. Tibia about as long as femur, with an anterodorsal serration (Fig. 42). First tarsal segment with a spinule at base. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.49: 0.41: 0.21: 0.07: 0.07: 0.07: 0.08.</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa anteriorly with short brownish hairs, no exterior bristle. Femur with a rather long preapical av, and a slightly shorter preapical pv; ventrally with only minute hairs. Tibia about as long as femur; 2 ad, 1 pd; ventrally on apical third a row of 4-5 short spine-like bristles; apical bristles short. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.59: 0.59: 0.25: 0.17: 0.09: 0.08: 0.07.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a weak black exterior bristle. Femur (Fig. 41) without ventral bristles, with two long av preceding the preapical a. Tibia about as long as femur; 3 dorsal bristles; a weak posterior in basal 2/5; posteroventrally in apical half a row of hairs about as long as tibia is wide (Fig. 41). Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.59: 0.63: 0.13: 0.24: 0.11: 0.07: 0.07.</p> <p>Wing hyaline. Costa not thickened between tips of r1 and r2+3, hardly darker than the rest of the costa. r4+5 and m1+2 apically more or less parallel. Apical half of m1+2 about twice as long as tp. Halter white. Squama brown, darker at apex, with dark cilia.</p> <p>Abdomen dorsally dark bronze-brown, subshining. Sternites brown. Hairs and marginal bristles on terga short, black. Hypopygium (Figs. 43-44) dark brown. Hypandrium broad at base, but tip narrow and elongate. A single short basal epandrial bristle present. Dorsal surstylus absent. Cercus yellowish, but with a brown tip bearing about 3-4 long bristles.</p> <p>Female. Body length: 1.4-1.7 mm; wing length: 1.3-1.45 mm. In most respects identical to male. Fore tibia with a weak serration. First tarsal segment also with a basal spinule. Mid tibia without ventral spinules in apical half; a strong av bristle near middle (absent in male), a strong anterior at basal quarter and an anterior just below middle. Hind tibia without a pv row of hairs.</p> <p>Etymology. – The name tiomanensis refers to the type locality Pulau Tioman, a Malaysian island in the South China Sea. Discussion. – T. tiomanensis is related to T. simplicissimus but can easily be distinguished from the latter by its cerci that are as long as the single surstylus, and that bear a number of long bristles at tip.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Malaysia, Pulau Tioman. Mangrove.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFBFFF9519EFBE17FC6EFE3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFBDFF9419E6B9D7FA8EFC13.text	03F4744DFFBDFF9419E6B9D7FA8EFC13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus bulohensis Grootaert 2006	<div><p>Teuchophorus bulohensis, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 45-47)</p> <p>Material examined. – Holotype male: SINGAPORE: Sungei Buloh, 28 Mar.2005 (25037, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 553).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Rather large species with short surstyli; cerci longer than surstyli. Hind tibia with some short posteroventral bristles near middle (not erect like in T. simplicissimus).</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.5 mm; wing length: 1.6 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons and face shining metallic green. Face broad, about as wide as basal antennal segments. Palpi small, brown, with a small black bristle. Rostrum brownish yellow. Occiput subshining dark metallic green. Chaetotaxy as usual; minute postocellars. Postoculars short, uniseriate, black. Antenna (Fig. 45) short; first and second segments brownish black; third segment dark brown, with a paler apex. Third segment short, shorter than wide, with a rounded apex. Arista about 3 times as long as antenna, shortly pubescent; basal segment slightly shorter than upper margin of third antennal segment. Thorax. Mesoscutum and scutellum subshining dark metallic green. Pleurae dark brown, with a metallic green gloss on mesopleura and metapleura; the latter with a black anterior border. Acr uniseriate; 5 dc. A minute propleural bristle.</p> <p>Legs, including coxae, yellow. Mid coxa exteriorly with a vague brown longitudinal streak.</p> <p>Fore leg. Coxa anteriorly with short, sparse, black hairs; towards tip a row of 4-5 short black bristles. Femur with a preapical pv, without ventral bristles. Tibia about as long as femur, with an anterodorsal serration, most in apical two thirds. First tarsal segment with a small spinule at base. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.46: 0.39: 0.22: 0.07: 0.06: 0.07.</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa anteriorly with short black hairs, no exterior bristle. Femur with a rather long preapical av (preapical pv probably broken); ventrally at base with some short bristles about half as long as femur is deep; tibia about as long as femur, with a strong anterior at middle; 2 ad, 1 pd; ventrally on apical half a row of 4-5 black spinules; apical bristles short. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.59: 0.59: 0.29: 0.17: 0.98: 0.98: 0.07.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a weak black exterior bristle. Femur without ventral bristles (preapical probably rubbed off). Tibia about as long as femur; 5 dorsal bristles and some short, but distinct posteroventral bristles near middle (not erect like in simplicissimus). Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.57: 0.59: 0.14: 0.21: 0.14:?:?.</p> <p>Wing hyaline. Costa not thickened between tips of r1 and r2+3. r4+5 and m1+2 apically more or less parallel. Length ratio of basal and apical parts of m1+2 about 1:2.5. Halter yellow. Squama brown, broadly blackened at apex, with 6 black cilia.</p> <p>Abdomen dorsally dark bronze-brown, subshining. Sternites brownish. Hairs and marginal bristles on terga short, black. Hypopygium (Figs. 46-47) dark brown. with short truncate ventral surstylus. Cercus a little longer than surstyli.</p> <p>Female unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. – The species is named after the type locality Sungei Buloh, a mangrove nature reserve on the North coast of Singapore.</p> <p>Discussion. – The short, truncate ventral surstylus is quite unique in Teuchophorus. Teuchophorus bulohensis resembles T. limosus but is bigger. It differs from T. simplicissimus in having the eyes wider separated on face and lacking the erect bristles on the posterior side of the hind tibia.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Singapore. Actually it is only known from the holotype male found in mangrove.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFBDFF9419E6B9D7FA8EFC13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFBCFF931970BC0FFD6EFC50.text	03F4744DFFBCFF931970BC0FFD6EFC50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus krabiensi Meuffels & Grootaert 2004	<div><p>Teuchophorus krabiensi s Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003</p> <p>(Figs. 48-49)</p> <p>Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003: 235, Figs. 229-234.</p> <p>Teuchophorus species A - Evenhuis &amp; Grootaert, 2002: 316. Material examined. – SINGAPORE: 2 males, Labrador Park, 7 Oct.2000 (20035, coll. P. Grootaert &amp; N. Evenhuis; species A in Evenhuis &amp; Grootaert, 2002); 2 males, Labrador Park, 31 Jul.2005 (sample no. 25275, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 929); 2 males, Semakau Island, sandy beach near mangrove, 10 Mar.2005 (25009, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 403).</p> <p>MALAYSIA: 2 males, 5 females, Langkawi, Burau Bay, 4 Sept.2005, sandy beach (25327, coll. P. Grootaert; all extracted for DNA sequencing).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Third antennal segment about 1.5 times as long as wide (Fig. 48). No stigma: costa darkened, not thickened. First tarsomere of fore leg with a basal spinule. Mid femur at base with about 5-6 bristles, shorter than femur is wide. Mid tibia with black spinules ventrally in apical third. Hind femur without bristles, apart from some anteroventral preapicals. Hind tibia with at least 6 long dorsal bristles. Subapical comb on hind tibia with some dark, thickened bristles (Fig. 49).</p> <p>Discussion. – This species comes close to T. simplicissimus and belongs to the group of species with a row of ventral spinules on the apical third of the mid tibiae. The black bristles in the posteroventral comb on hind tibia are unique in Teuchophorus and thus an easy character for identification.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – South Thailand, Singapore. Rare; on sandy beaches where it prefers wet, shady areas.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFBCFF931970BC0FFD6EFC50	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
03F4744DFFBBFF921906B8F7FBC1FD9A.text	03F4744DFFBBFF921906B8F7FBC1FD9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Teuchophorus stenostigma Meuffels & Grootaert 2004	<div><p>Teuchophorus stenostigma Meuffels &amp; Grootaert, 2003</p> <p>(Figs. 50-55)</p> <p>Material examined. – SINGAPORE: 3 males, 2 females, Nee Soon, Central Catchment area, acidic swamp forest, 4 Dec.2002 (22054, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 320, Si 444); 1 female, Nee Soon, 9 Mar.2005, (25005, coll. P. Grootaert Si 513); 1 male, 1 female, Bukit Timah, 16 Mar.2005 (25021, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 514); 3 males, 1 female, Sime forest, 14 Mar.2005 (25013, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 420); 5 males, 3 females, Sime forest, 1 Apr.2005 (25041, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 638); 1 male, 2 females, Sime forest, 8 Apr.2005 (25044, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 690); 1 male, Sime forest, 2 Jul.2005 (25191, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 867).</p> <p>MALAYSIA: 12 males, Pulau Tioman, Juara, 20 Jul.2005 (24246, coll. P. Grootaert, Tio 127); 5 males, Johor, Gunung Belumut, 22 Oct.2005 (25397, coll. P. Grootaert, Si 1099).</p> <p>Diagnosis. – Third antennal segment as long as wide. Wing with a very narrow stigma i.e. costa a little thickened and slightly darkened. Acr uniseriate. Fore metatarsus with a distinct small ventral spinule at base (also in female). Mid femur with only minute ventral bristles. Mid tibia on apical third without a ventral row of spinules nor a serration. Hind femur with very short ventral bristles, some longer av preapicals. Halter dark. Aedeagus not large nor contrastingly black like in T. limosus.</p> <p>Description. – Male. Body length: 1.37-1.55 mm; wing length: 1.32-1.5 mm.</p> <p>Head. Frons and face with shining dark metallic green ground-colour. Face about 3/4 times as wide as width of third antennal segment. Palpus small, black, with a small, black apical bristle. Rostrum brown. Occiput blackish green. Chaetotaxy as usual; no postocellars. Postoculars uniseriate, short, black. Antenna (Fig. 50) brown; third segment rounded triangular, with downward shifted blunt apex, a little longer than wide. Arista about 3 times as long as antenna, shortly pubescent; basal aristal segment slightly more than half as long as third antennal segment.</p> <p>Thorax. Mesoscutum dark brown, paler at sides, but darker toward tip; scutellum blackish. Pleurae largely yellowish brown. Chaetotaxy as usual; acr uniseriate, moderately long. Legs and coxae yellow, but apical 3/4 of hind femora, hind tibiae and tarsi brown.</p> <p>Fore leg. Coxa anteriorly with very short black hairs, that become longer towards apex of coxa. Femur without bristles. Tibia slightly shorter than femur, without bristles or serration. First tarsal segment ventrally shortly spinulose, and with a small black spinule at ventral base. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.35: 0.37: 0.21: 0.08: 0.07: 0.06: 0.07.</p> <p>Mid leg. Coxa anteriorly with very short brown hairs. Femur with about 4 ventral bristles at basal third being _ of width of femur (Fig. 52); a weak preapical pv, and a yet thinner preapical av. Tibia 2 ad, 1 pd, 1 av, all strong. Length of femur, tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.56: 0.52: 0.21: 0.12: 0.07: 0.07: 0.07.</p> <p>Hind leg. Coxa with a thin, black exterior bristle. Femur (Fig. 53) with a short preapical av, and some of the hairs of the anteroventral row near tip very slightly lengthened. Tibia about as long as femur; 3 dorsal bristles; 1 very short and weak ventral bristle. Length of tibia and tarsal segments (in mm): 0.56: 0.56: 0.14: 0.17: 0.11: 0.08: 0.07: 0.07.</p> <p>Wing (Fig. 51) brownish tinged, with dark brown veins. A narrow, lanceolate, brownish stigma, occupying less than half the width of subcostal cell. r4+5 and m1+2 very slightly diverging. Vein Cu black, at least darker than the other veins. Halter somewhat brownish (rather dark in some specimens). Squama brown, with a blackish border, and 4 long black cilia. Abdomen dorsally dark brown or brown, with a feeble greenish gloss. Sterna brown. Hairs and hindmarginal bristlets on terga short, black. Hypopygium (Fig. 54-55) brown, with tips of surstyli black.</p> <p>Female. Body length: 1.55 mm; wing length: 1.5 mm</p> <p>In most respects identical to male. Face hardly broader than in male. Wing without stigma, but costa slightly thickened. Oviscapt with a row of short black acanthae.</p> <p>Discussion. – Teuchophorus stenostigma is the only Singaporean species with a slightly developed stigma, the other species have at most the costa a little darkened. T. laosensis Olejnicek, 2003, is a similar species, but it has brownish black antennae and yellow halters. The hind tibia should bear ventral bristles, but Oleijnicek’s drawing shows a row of long dorsal bristles. Teuchophorus stenostigma from Singapore has brown antennae, darkened halters, hind tibiae without ventral bristles, at most some hairs ventrally and only 3 dorsal bristles. Teuchophorus stenostigma was originally described from South Thailand (Trang province) in a similar habitat as here in Singapore. The original description mentions yellow antenna, yellow halters and largely yellow pleurae. The specimens from Singapore are all darker. The shape of the surstyli is the same, but the bristling on the ventral surstylus is longer in the Singaporean specimens. At the moment we consider them conspecific.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat. – Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore. River banks in forest.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4744DFFBBFF921906B8F7FBC1FD9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grootaert, Patrick	Grootaert, Patrick (2006): The Genus Teuchophorus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) In Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13245314
