taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F587F6FFDDCD7FFCFBFE10FD4FFA20.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES. — Tiyantiyana sunipenis n. gen., n. sp.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFDDCD7FFCFBFE10FD4FFA20.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — “ Tiyantiyan ” means cricket in Quechua native language. In the Huascarán region, grasshoppers are called crickets.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFDDCD7FFCFBFE10FD4FFA20.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Peru, Ancash (see distribution in OSF).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFDDCD7FFCFBFE10FD4FFA20.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Among the South American Melanoplinae, Tiyantiyana n. gen. is characterized by the unique shape of the aedeagus with the ventral valves very long, protruding beneath the pallium, highly surpassing the level of the epiproct, sheath of aedeagus with numerous spines (Figs 1 I-L; 4 C-D).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFDDCD7FFCFBFE10FD4FFA20.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Small sized apterous insects. Body colour highly variable with multiple short carinulae on tegument. Males Head globed-shape, fastigium declivent, with lateral carinae weakly indicated, rounded at the joint of frontal costa; eyes subcircular (Figs 1 A-C; 4 A). Lateral foveolae of fastigium visible from above (Fig. 1 C). Antennae short, shorter than head and pronotum, with flattened segments (Fig. 1 A; 4 A). Pronotal disk flat, trapezoidal, weakly constricted at the middle; lateral and mid longitudinal carinae weakly indicated; transverse sulci not indicated on pronotal disk, only evident on lateral lobes of pronotum; hind margin emarginated (Fig. 1 C). Meso, metanoto and abdominal tergites with lateral carinulae at the sides of mid longitudinal carina. Prosternal process collar-shaped. Cerci conical, width tapering towards the apex, barely reaching the tip of epiproct (Fig. 1 D, E). Epiproct triangular; furculae not developed (Fig. 1 D). Abdominal terminalia swollen and upcurved. Pallium thick, highly elevated (Fig. 1 E). Subgenital plate short, with rounded distal margin, with the apex surpassing the tip of epiproct. Legs with femora robust, mostly the hind ones (Figs 1 A; 4 A). Phallic complex (Figs 1 I-M; 4 C-E): cingulum with reduced rami, zygoma and apodemes well developed. Basal endophallic plates barely developed comparatively to the apical plates. Valves of aedeagus very long, protruding beneath the pallium, highly surpassing the level of the epiproct, apex bent downwards; sheath of aedeagus covering ⅔ of the valves of aedeagus with numerous spines; arch of cingulum large. Epiphallus with lophi widely developed horizontally. Females Similar to males, but more robust and with the pronotum constricted at the middle. Tegument with clearly indicated carinulae (Fig. 4 B). Head with fastigium more prominent; eyes subtrigonal (Figs 1 F; 4 B). Ovipositor valves strong and long, with serrate margins (Fig. 1 H). RELATIONSHIPS Despite the lack of the spur on the prosternum (that may be related to the apterism condition), Tiyantiyana n. gen. shares the remaining diagnostic characters of the subfamily Melanoplinae: frons convex, profile of face and fastigium united in the same curve; male abdominal terminalia swollen and upcurved, palium coriaceous; male phallic complex with the middle part of the endophallic sclerites constituted by one dorso-lateral piece; cingulum with arch clearly developed. Based on the morphological evidence it was not possible to assign the genus to any of the three tribes described for the South American Melanoplinae (Amédégnato et al. 2003; Carbonell et al. 2006): Jivarini Hebard, 1924, Dichroplini Rehn & Randell, 1963 and Parascopini Ronderos, 1983. However, molecular analyses currently underway have shown that Tiyantiyana n. gen. is grouped with the remaining Andean melanoplines genera (unpublished observations).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD8CD70FF6DFA4DFF31FAC0.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Peru. Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Sector Carpa, 5 km before Nevado Pastoruri, 4660 m, 09 ° 53 ’ 00 ” S, 77 ° 12 ’ 04.2 ” W, 14. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, holotype ♂ and allotype ♀ (MLPA). PARATYPES. — Peru. Ancash, 3 km from detour to Chiquián to Conococha, 4226 m, 10 ° 04 ’ 53.3 ” S, 77 ° 12 ’ 53.8 ” W, 1. III. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN )), 3 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, detour to Chiquián, 4062 m, 10 ° 06 ’ 32.1 ” S, 77 ° 11 ° 08.9 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Sector Carpa, 5 km before Nevado Pastoruri, 4660 m, 09 ° 53 ’ 00 ” S, 77 ° 12 ’ 04.2 ” W, 14. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (MNHN), 6 ♂♂, 20 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, 8 km from Catac on Road to Chavin, 3786 m, 09 ° 45 ’ 23.6 ’’ S, 77 ° 23.4 ’ 48.5 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Abra Yanashallash on road to La Union, 4644 m, 09 ° 52 ’ 00.2 ” S, 77 ° 04 ’ 39.5 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♀ (MLPA). OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Peru. Ancash, 3 km from detour to Chiquián to Conococha, 4226 m, 10 ° 04 ’ 53.3 ” S, 77 ° 12 ’ 53.8 ” W, 1. III. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 14 ♀♀, 2 nymphs (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, Conococha, 4146 m, 10 ° 07 ’ 42.2 ” S, 77 ° 17 ’ 52.7 ” W, 11. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Sector Carpa, 5 km before Nevado Pastoruri, 4660 m, 09 ° 53 ’ 00 ” S, 77 ° 12 ’ 04.2 ” W, 14. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 3 ♂♂, 19 ♀♀, 3 nymphs (MLPA). — Ancash, 8 km from Catac on Road to Chavin, 3786 m, 09 ° 45 ’ 23.6 ’’ S, 77 ° 23.4 ’ 48.5 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MLPA). TYPE LOCALITY. — Peru, Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Sector Carpa, 5 km before Nevado Pastoruri, 4660 m, 09 ° 53 ’ 00 ” S, 77 ° 12 ’ 04.2 ” W.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD8CD70FF6DFA4DFF31FAC0.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — “ Suni ” means long in Quechua native language referring to the length of the valves of the aedeagus.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD8CD70FF6DFA4DFF31FAC0.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Peru. Ancash (Fig. 10). HABITAT. — According to our observations, Tiyantiyana sunipenis n. gen., n. sp. inhabits puna grassland areas with bunchgrasses of Festuca and Poa forming tussocks. Spaces around the tussocks filled by numerous cushion and rosette herbs, including non-tussock-forming grasses and sedges, prostrate or low-growing forbs.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD8CD70FF6DFA4DFF31FAC0.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Very small species (from 9 mm in the smaller males to 15.5 mm in the largest females), with variable ground coloration mostly in females.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD8CD70FF6DFA4DFF31FAC0.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Males Body dorsally brown-grey, head brown with grey face. Lateral lobes of pronotum green. Hind femur with dorsal marginal area green, outer face dark brown with two transverse whitish coloured bands; internal face whitish with two transverse dark brown bands; ventral area of hind femur and hind tibiae purple or pinkish. Phallic complex (Figs 1 I-M; 4 C-E): valves of aedeagus very long, protruding beneath the pallium, highly surpassing the level of the epiproct, apex bent downwards; sheath of aedeagus covering ⅔ of the valves of aedeagus with numerous spines; arch of cingulum large. Epiphallus with lophi widely developed horizontally and reduced anchorae. Measurements (in mm): body length to end of hind femur: 10.26 (9 - 11.5); hind femur length: 5.95 (5.5 - 6.5). Females Similar to males, but more robust and with the pronotum constricted at the middle and with the carinulae on tegument clearly indicated (Fig. 1 G). Head with fastigium more prominent; eyes subtrigonal (Figs 1 F; 4 B). Ovipositor valves strong and long, with serrate margins (Fig. 1 H). Body colour highly variable: ground colour green, brown or dark purple almost black; with two longitudinal cream bands running along the lateral carinae of the pronotum, the meso and metanota and along abdominal tergites, in some specimens limited by dark brown bands on the head. Body ventrally purple. Hind femora with dorsal area homogeneously green or with two dark brown cross bands, internal face and ventral area red-orange or purple. Hind tibiae red-orange or purple. Measurements (in mm): body length to end of hind femur: 13.67 (12 - 15.5); hind femur length: 7.99 (7 - 8.5).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD7CD71FCDAFC76FF12FC8B.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES. — Maeacris aptera Ronderos, 1983	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD7CD71FCDAFC76FF12FC8B.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Peru, Junín, Lima (Cerro de Pasco) and Ancash departments in high-altitude puna grassland areas (see geographic distribution in OSF). The genus Maeacris was described by Ronderos (1983) who included only one species, M. aptera, from the “ Abra de Anticona ”, Junín, Peru.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD7CD71FCDAFC76FF12FC8B.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Among Jivarini, Maeacris is characterized by the hind tibiae with the external apical spine reduced or absent.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD7CD71FCDAFC76FF12FC8B.taxon	description	REDESCRIPTION Small sized apterous insects. Head conical with subtrigonal, flat eyes; face slanted; fastigium slightly prominent, weakly grooved dorsally, and rounded at the joint of frontal costa (Figs 2 A, B, E, F; 5 A, B). Antennae short, with flattened segments. Midlongitudinal carina indicated on pronotal disk and on dorsum of abdomen. Pronotal disk short, trapezoidal with lateral carinae weakly indicated all throughout; hind margin emarginated (Figs 2 B, E). Transverse sulci only indicated on lateral lobes (Figs 2 A, F; 5 A, B). Prosternum with lamelliform process. Hind femur robust (Figs 2 A; 5 A, B). Apical external spine of hind tibiae when present extremely reduced. Male subgenital plate short, with blunt apex, open dorsally (Fig. 2 A, C). Epiproct with triangular apex, with mid longitudinal sulcus. Furculae prominent (Fig. 2 C). Male cerci tapering towards the compressed distal portion; apex rounded (Fig. 2 D). Phallic complex (Figs 2 G-U; 6): ectophalic membrane with plastron; cingulum with large zygoma, apodemes with the tips downcurved, rami short, arch well developed; valves of aedeagus upcurved, with triangular sclerotized apex in ventral view or straight; sheath of aedeagus wide, bilobed. Epiphallus with lophi widely developed, obliquely placed in relation to the bridge; ancorae fingerlike.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD7CD70FC99FF51FCE8FCCB.taxon	description	(Fig. 10)	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD7CD70FC99FF51FCE8FCCB.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Peru. Depto. Ancash, 4 km detour to Chiquián, 4062 m, 10 ° 06 ’ 32.1 ” S, 77 ° 11 ’ 08.9 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, holotype ♂, allotype ♀ (MLPA). PARATYPES. — Peru. Depto. Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, Laguna Conococha, 4146 m, 10 ° 07 ’ 42.2 ” S, 77 ° 17 ’ 52.7 ” W, 11. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, 4 km detour to Chiquián, 4062 m, 10 ° 06 ’ 32.1 ” S, 77 ° 11 ’ 08.9 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MNHN), 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Cordillera Huayhuash, 1 km E detour Chiquián, 4305 m, 10 ° 05 ’ 33.02 ” S, 77 ° 10 ’ 57.4 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♀ (MLPA).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD7CD70FC99FF51FCE8FCCB.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Specimens of the recently described Pediella ancashensis (Cigliano et al. 2010) were collected during the surveys.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD7CD70FF07FA2DFE7DF904.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES. — Pediella colorata Roberts, 1937.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD7CD70FF07FA2DFE7DF904.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Venezuela, Mérida (Roberts 1937). Peru, Ancash, Junín, Cajamarca (Cigliano et al. 2010) in high altitude paramos and puna habitat (see geographic distribution from Perú, in OSF).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD6CD72FF23FCF7FEA9FAC0.taxon	description	(Figs 2 A-K; 5 A, B; 6 A-C; 10)	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD6CD72FF23FCF7FEA9FAC0.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Peru. Ancash, 8 km from Catac to Chavin, 3786 m, 09 ° 45 ’ 23.6 ’ S, 77 ° 23.4 ’ 48.5 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, holotype ♂, allotype ♀ (MLPA). PARATYPES. — Peru. Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, 65 km S Huaraz, Puente Ucushaca, 3933 m, 09 ° 59 ’ 0.2 ’’ S, 77 ° 20 ’ 33.9 ’’ W, 23. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, 2 km from Catac to Chavin, 3571 m, 09 ° 46 ’ 49.5 ’’ S, 77 ° 25 ’ 08.8 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, 5 km from Conococha on road to Barranca, 3928 m, 10 ° 09 ’ 10.6 ” S, 77 ° 19 ’ 05.4 ” W, 1. III. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN), 10 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Laguna Querococha on road to Chavin, 4168 m, 09 ° 43 ’ 06.3 ” S, 77 ° 18 ’ 55.2 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂ (MLPA). — Ancash, 8 km from Catac on road to Chavin, 3786 m, 09 ° 45 ’ 23.6 ’’ S, 77 ° 23.4 ’ 48.5 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, 17 km S Paso Abra Yanashallash on road to La Union, 09 ° 56 ’ 41.6 ” S, 77 ° 05 ’ 28.2 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Sector Carpa, 5 km before Nevado Pastoruri, 4660 m, 09 ° 53 ’ 00 ” S, 77 ° 12 ’ 04.2 ” W, 14. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 10 ♀♀ (MLPA), 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ (MNHN).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD6CD72FF23FCF7FEA9FAC0.taxon	description	OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Peru. Ancash, 8 km from Catac on road to Chavin, 3786 m, 09 ° 45 ’ 23.6 ’’ S, 77 ° 23.4 ’ 48.5 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 5 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀, 5 nymphs (MLPA). — Ancash, 2 km from Catac to Chavin, 3571 m, 09 ° 46 ’ 49.5 ’’ S, 77 ° 25 ’ 08.8 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Sector Carpa, 5 km before Nevado Pastoruri, 4660 m, 09 ° 53 ’ 00 ” S, 77 ° 12 ’ 04.2 ” W, 14. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 nymph (MLPA). — Ancash, 17 km S Paso Abra Yanashallash on road to La Union, 09 ° 56 ’ 41.6 ” S, 77 ° 05 ’ 28.2 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, 5 km from Conococha on road to Barranca, 3928 m, 10 ° 09 ’ 10.6 ” S, 77 ° 19 ’ 05.4 ” W, 1. III. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 14 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Laguna Querococha on road to Chavin, 4168 m, 09 ° 43 ’ 06.3 ” S, 77 ° 18 ’ 55.2 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, 65 km S Huaraz, Puente Ucushaca, 3933 m, 09 ° 59 ’ 0.2 ’’ S, 77 ° 20 ’ 33.9 ’’ W, 23. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, 4 km E detour to Chiquian, 4062 m, 10 ° 06 ’ 32.1 ” S, 77 ° 11 ’ 08.9 ” W, 1. III. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♀, 8 nymphs (MLPA). — Ancash, 1 km after Paso Tunel Kawish on road to Chavin from Catac, 4315 m, 09 ° 41 ’ 24.2 ’’ S, 77 ° 14 ’ 39.8 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Parque Nacional Huascarán, Laguna Querococha, 4045 m, 09 ° 43 ’ 44.0 ’’ S, 77 ° 19 ’ 53.9 ’ W’, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, to Chavin from Catac, Paso Puente Tunel Kawish, 4455 m, 09 ° 41 ’ 23.0 ’’ S, 77 ° 15 ’ 23.5 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 nymph (MLPA).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD6CD72FF23FCF7FEA9FAC0.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. — Peru, Ancash, 8 km from Catac to Chavin, 3786 m, 09 ° 45 ’ 23.6 ’’ S 77 ° 23.4 ’ 48.5 ” W.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD6CD72FF23FCF7FEA9FAC0.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — “ Ch’ilikuti ” means small in native Quechua language and it refers to the smaller size of this species compared to Maeacris aptera.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD6CD72FF23FCF7FEA9FAC0.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Peru, Ancash (Fig. 10). HABITAT. — In puna grassland areas with bunchgrasses of Festuca and Poa forming tussocks. Spaces around the tussocks filled by numerous cushion and rosette herbs, including non-tussock-forming grasses and sedges, prostrate or low-growing forbs.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD6CD72FF23FCF7FEA9FAC0.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Maeacris chilikuti n. sp. is distinguished from the type species based on characters of the phallic complex (Fig. 2 G-K) and the following characters of the external morphology: smaller size (M. aptera: males: 13 - 14.3 mm; females: 15,5 - 17 mm); fastigium more prominent; pronotum not constricted at the middle; male epiproct wider than long; external apical spine absent; ovipositor without pre-apical tooth.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD6CD72FF23FCF7FEA9FAC0.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Males In addition to the features of the genus, body ground colour variable; both sexes show green-brown varia - tion, with some specimens being mainly greenish on top of the body and others brownish. Body with two longitudinal light coloured bands (cream in green morphs; grey-brownish in brown morphs) extending from the fastigium along the body dorsally. Pronotal lobes with dark green or dark brown post-ocular band, limited by a longitudinal cream stripe. Hind femur with dorsal area brownish (brown morphs) or greenish (green morphs), outer face brown, ventral area cream or yellowish, inner face brownish at upper half and cream at bottom half; hind tibiae light green to cream. Venter of abdomen cream. In some females, the ventral area of hind femur and hind tibia is reddish. Hind tibia without external apical spine. Male epiproct triangular and wider than long, with a pair of distal tubercles (Fig. 2 C). Phallic complex (Figs 2 G-K; 6 A-C): cingulum widely developed dorsally; arch of cingulum bilobed; valves of aedeagus up curved, obliquely truncated in dorsal view, concave in ventral view; sheath of aedeagus with median deep excision and with a pair of basal lobes. Measurements (in mm): body length to apex of hind femur: 11.93 (10.5 - 13); hind femur length: 6.59 (5.5 - 7). Females Similar to males (Fig. 2 E, F), but larger; head with fastigium more prominent; eyes subtrigonal and ovipositor valves long, slender, without pre-apical tooth. Measurements (in mm): body length to apex of hind femur: 13.91 (12 - 16.5) female; hind femur length: 8.40 (7.5 - 9.5).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD72FED1FA2DFCFDFA20.taxon	description	(Figs 2 L-P; 6 D-F; 10)	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD72FED1FA2DFCFDFA20.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Peru. Ancash, 17 km N Conococha, 3947 m, 09 ° 59 ’ 48.0 ” S, 77 ° 20 ’ 11.8 ” W, 29. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, holotype ♂, allotype ♀ (MLPA). PARATYPES. — Peru. Ancash, 17 km north of Conococha, 3947 m, 09 ° 59 ’ 48.0 ” S, 77 ° 20 ’ 11.8 ” W, 29. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (MNHN), 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Laguna Querococha, 4168 m, 09 ° 43 ’ 06.3 ” S, 77 ° 18 ’ 55.2 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Sector Carpa, 5 km before Nevado Pastoruri, 4660 m, 09 ° 53 ’ 00 ” S, 77 ° 12 ’ 04.2 ” W, 14. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂ (MLPA). TYPE LOCALITY. — Peru, Ancash, 17 km N Conococha, 3947 m, 09 ° 59 ’ 48.0 ” S 77 ° 20 ’ 11.8 ” W.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD72FED1FA2DFCFDFA20.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — “ Sayt’u ” means long, slender, rectangular shape in native Quechua language, and it refers to the shape of the valves of the aedeagus.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD72FED1FA2DFCFDFA20.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. — Same as described for Maeacris chilikuti n. sp. (Fig. 10).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD72FED1FA2DFCFDFA20.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Similar to Maeacris chilikuti n. sp. from which it is distinguished by characters of the phallic complex (Figs 2 L-P; 6 D-F).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD72FED1FA2DFCFDFA20.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Males Similar to those of Maeacris chilikuti n. sp. from which they can only be distinguished by the following characters of the phallic complex: aedeagal valves straight in lateral view (Fig. 2 L), with blunt apex (Fig. 2 N); arch of cingulum entire (Fig. 2 M); sheath of aedeagus with longitudinal median excision without basal lobes. Measurements (in mm): body length to apex of hind femur 10.75 (10 - 11); hind femur length: 5.8 (5.5 - 6). Females Similar to males but with fastigium more prominent; eyes subtrigonal; ovipositor valves long, slender, without pre-apical tooth. Measurements (in mm): body length to apex of hind femur: 13.5 (13 - 14); hind femur length: 7.25 (7 - 7.5).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD74FCECFA4DFBEDFAE0.taxon	description	(Figs 2 Q-U; 6 G-I; 10)	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD74FCECFA4DFBEDFAE0.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Peru. Ancash, 3 km from detour to Chiquian on road to Conococha, 4226 m, 10 ° 04 ’ 53.3 ” S 77 ° 12 ’ 53.8 ” W, 1. III. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, holotype ♂, allotype ♀ (MLPA). PARATYPES. — Ancash, 3 km from detour to Chiquian on road to Conococha, 4226 m, 10 ° 04 ’ 53.3 ” S 77 ° 12 ’ 53.8 ” W, 1. III. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (MNHN), 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (MLPA).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD74FCECFA4DFBEDFAE0.taxon	description	OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Peru. Ancash, 3 km from detour to Chiquian on road to Conococha, 4226 m, 10 ° 04 ’ 53.3 ” S 77 ° 12 ’ 53.8 ” W, 1. III. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 9 ♀♀ (MLPA).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD74FCECFA4DFBEDFAE0.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — “ Ayasqa ” means ear-shaped in native Quechua language and it refers to the shape of the valves of the aedeagus.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD74FCECFA4DFBEDFAE0.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. — Same as described for Maeacris chilikuti n. sp. (Fig. 10).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD74FCECFA4DFBEDFAE0.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Similar to M. chilikuti n. sp. from which it can only be distinguished by characters of the phallic complex (Figs 2 Q-U; 6 G-I).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD5CD74FCECFA4DFBEDFAE0.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Males Similar to those of M. chilikuti n. sp. from which they are distinguished by the following characters of the phallic complex: aedeagal valves upcurved (Fig. 2 Q), diverging caudally, strongly convex in ventral view (Fig. 2 S); arch of cingulum bilobed (Fig. 2 R). Measurements (in mm): body length to apex of hind femur: 11.51 (11.3 - 12), hind femur length: 5.86 (5 - 6.5). Females Similar to males but with fastigium more prominent; eyes subtrigonal; ovipositor valves long, slender, without pre-apical tooth. Measurements (in mm): body length: 12.75 (12 - 14); hind femur length: 7.26 (7 - 8).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES. — Huaylasacris maxicerci n. gen., n. sp.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — Huaylasacris n. gen. referring to the Callejón de Huaylas; akris (Greek): locust, grasshoppers.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Peru, Ancash (see geographic distribution in OSF).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Easily identified from any other genera of Dichroplini by the unique shape of the male cerci widely developed, embracing the paraprocts (Fig. 3 C, D) and the large lophi of the epiphallus (Figs 3 I; 7 E).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Males Small sized brachypterous insects. Head sub-globose, with fastigium slightly declivent with lateral carinae evident; face subvertical. Antennae filiform; eyes sub-circular (Figs 3 A; 7 A). Prosternum with wide triangular process (spur throated). Pronotum short, without lateral carinae; transverse sulci indicated on disk; mid-longitudinal carina not indicated on pronotum; hind margin emarginated (Fig. 3 B, E). Tegmina lobiform, with rounded apex, barely reaching the third abdominal segment. Legs with femora robust, specially the hind one (Fig. 3 A). Subgenital plate (Fig. 3 C, D) very short, with dorsal margin openly rounded; pallium thick with internal lobes reduced. Epiproct triangular with rounded apex, with deep mid-longitudinal sulcus on proximal area. Furculae very short (Fig. 3 C). Cerci widely developed, embracing the paraprocts, apex blunt, with a notch (Fig. 3 C, D). Phallic complex (Figs 3 G-L; 7 C-E) with epiphallus large, highly developed lophi, bridge narrow. Cingulum capsule like with long rami, wide apodemes and widely developed zygoma. Valves of aedeagus short and straight, arch of cingulum developed; sheath of aedeagus bilobed. Females Similar to males with pronotum constricted at the middle (Fig. 3 E); eyes subtrigonal (Fig. 3 F); ovipositor valves short and robust with acute apex (Fig. 7 B). RELATIONSHIPS Based on the characteristics of the external morphology and phallic complex, Huaylasacris n. gen. seems to be related to the Dichroplini genus Chibchacris Hebard, 1923 from which it is distinguished by the shape of the tegmina not touching each other dorsally, the pronotum with hind margin emarginate, male cerci embracing the paraprocts and differences in the phallic complex. Huaylasacris maxicerci n. gen., n. sp. (Figs 3 A-L; 7; 10)	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Peru. Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, Yungay, road to Pque. Nac. Huascaran, 17 km W Lagunas Llanganuco, 3379 m, 09 ° 06 ’ 26.0 ” S, 77 ° 41 ’ 16.2 ” W, 12. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, holotype ♂, allotype ♀, MLPA. PARATYPES. — Peru. Ancash, Cordillera Huayhuash, 1 km E detour Chiquian, 4305 m, 10 ° 05 ’ 33.0 ” S, 77 ° 10 ’ 57.4 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ (MNHN), 10 ♂♂, 15 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Laguna Querococha on roado to Chavin, 4168 m, 09 ° 43 ’ 06.3 ” S, 77 ° 18 ’ 55.2 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂ (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejon de Huaylas, Yungay, on road to Pque. Nac. Huascaran, 17 km W Lagunas Llanganuco, 3379 m, 09 ° 06 ’ 26.0 ” S, 77 ° 41 ’ 16.2 ” W, 12. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN), 6 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejon de Huaylas, Conococha, 4146 m, 10 ° 07 ’ 42.2 ” S, 77 ° 17 ’ 52.7 ” W, 11. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, 7 km S Huaraz, 3182 m, 09 ° 36 ’ 17.5 ’’ S, 77 ° 30 ’ 33.8 ’’ W, 23. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂ (MLPA). — Ancash, 4 km detour to Chiquian, 4062 m, 10 ° 06 ’ 32.1 ” S, 77 ° 11 ’ 08.9 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN), 8 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (MLPA).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	description	OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Peru. Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, 7 km S Huaraz, 3182 m, 09 ° 36 ’ 17.5 ’’ S, 77 ° 30 ’ 33.8 ’’ W, 23. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 15 ♂♂, 16 nymphs (MLPA). — Ancash, 4 km detour to Chiquian, 4062 m, 10 ° 06 ’ 32.1 ” S, 77 ° 11 ’ 08.9 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Cordillera Huayhuash, 1 km E detour Chiquian, 4305 m, 10 ° 05 ’ 33.0 ” S, 77 ° 10 ’ 57.4 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejon de Huaylas, Conococha, 4146 m, 10 ° 07 ’ 42.2 ” S, 77 ° 17 ’ 52.7 ” W, 11. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 11 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejon de Huaylas, Yungay, on road to Pque. Nac. Huascaran, 17 km W Lagunas Llanganuco, 3379 m, 09 ° 06 ’ 26.0 ” S, 77 ° 41 ’ 16.2 ” W, 12. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Pque. Nac. Huascarán, Laguna Querococha on road to Chavin, 4168 m, 09 ° 43 ’ 06.3 ” S, 77 ° 18 ’ 55.2 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 6 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (MLPA).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. — Peru. Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, Yungay, road to Pque. Nac. Huascaran, 17 km W Lagunas Llanganuco, 3379 m, 09 ° 06 ’ 26.0 ” S 77 ° 41 ’ 16.2 ” W.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — “ Maximus ” (Greek), greatest; referring to the large size of the male cercus.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Peru, Ancash (Fig. 10). HABITAT. — In puna grassland areas with a resilient mat of high grass and tussock species of Festuca, Calamagrostis and Stipa with occasional islands of scrubby elfin woodland of Polylepis (queñua) and along the grassland valleys in areas with traditional subsistence farming.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Male cerci widely developed, embracing the paraprocts, apex blunt, with a notch (Fig. 3 C, D). Phallic complex with epiphallus large with highly developed lophi (Fig. 3 I, J).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD3CD76FCC5FA6DFEC1FB4F.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Males In addition to the features of the genus, body ground colour green, chestnut or burgundy with a wide cream mid-longitudinal dorsal stripe on the abdomen, on some specimens this stripe continues on the pronotum. Tegmina with mid-dorsal portion cream. Hind femur with the dorsal marginal area cream, ventral marginal area yellow. Venter of abdomen yellow or burgundy or bright orange. Hind tibiae orange or purple. Measurements (in mm): body length to end of hind femur: 12.5 (11.5 - 13.5); hind femur length: 7.41 (6.8 - 8). Females Similar to males (Figs 3 E, F; 7 B), body ground colour mostly chestnut or burgundy with a whitish stripe on dorsum of body occurring as in males. Pronotum constricted at the middle; eyes sub-trigonal; oviposi - tor valves short and robust with acute apex. Measurements (in mm): body length to end of hind femur: 16.01 (15 - 18); hind femur length: 10 (8.7 - 11.5).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD1CD76FF67FA0AFE8EF904.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES. — Orphulella gracilis Giglio-Tos, 1894.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD1CD76FF67FA0AFE8EF904.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — The genus Orphulella is distributed from Canada to Argentina, with four species known to occur in the Peruvian Andes, O. losamattensis Caudell, 1909, O. punctata (De Geer, 1773), O. concinnula (Walker, 1870) and O. fluvialis Otte, 1979 (see geographic distribution in OSF).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD1CD6BFCFDFF51FDFAFD0A.taxon	description	(Figs 8; 10)	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD1CD6BFCFDFF51FDFAFD0A.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Peru. Ancash, 19 km S from Conococha on road to Barranca, 3275 m, 10 ° 08 ’ 59.1 ” S, 77 ° 21 ’ 42.8 ” W, 22. II- 02. III. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, holotype ♂ (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, 7 km S from Huaraz, 3182 m, 09 ° 36 ’ 17.5 ’’ S, 77 ° 30 ’ 33.8 ’’ W, 23. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, allotype ♀ (MLPA). PARATYPES. — Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, 7 km S of Huaraz, 3182 m, 09 ° 36 ’ 17.5 ’’ S 77 ° 30 ’ 33.8 ’’ W, 23. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♀ (MLPA); 1 ♀ (MNHN).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD1CD6BFCFDFF51FDFAFD0A.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — “ Chumpi ” means brown in native Quechua language and it refers to the general body colour.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD1CD6BFCFDFF51FDFAFD0A.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Peru, Ancash (Fig. 10). HABITAT. — As with most species of the genus, Orphulella chumpi n. sp. is found in grassy areas in the valley of “ Callejón de Huaylas ”.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD1CD6BFCFDFF51FDFAFD0A.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Similar to Orphulella fluvialis, from which it differs mainly in the following features: hind femora with stridulatory pegs (without stridulatory pegs in O. fluvialis), lateral carinae of pronotal disk distinct in central part (usually indistinct in O. fluvialis) and cut by one sulcus (cut by two or three sulci in O. fluvialis); posterior margin of pronotum slightly angulate (rounded in O. fluvialis).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD1CD6BFCFDFF51FDFAFD0A.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Males Body colour light brown on top, brown-gray on sides and brown ventrally. Hind femora with few dark markings on the outer faces. Hind knees dark brown. Hind tibia brown. Lateral foveolae of the fastigium barely visible from above. Antennae short and slightly ensiform, light brown proximally and dark brown distally. Pronotum with a black band on lateral lobes, just beneath the lateral carinae (Fig. 8 A). Posterior margin of pronotal disk angulate, slightly rounded. Mid-longitudinal carina on pronotum prominent and cream colour; lateral carinae distinct throughout their length, nearly parallel on the prozona, constricted in center, diverging on the metazona and cut by one transverse sulcus (Fig. 8 C). Hind femora in males with stridulatory pegs. Wing length barely reaching the end of the abdomen (Fig. 8 A). Like other gomphocerines, species in the genus Orphulella do not show diagnostic characters in the phallic complex (Fig. 8 E, F). A Measurements (in mm): body length to end of hind femur: 11; hind femur length: 6.8. Females (Fig. 8 B, D) Similar to males, with body dorsally light brown or pale green and brown on sides. One female with sides of body and abdomen somewhat dark mottled and with two black stripes on top of head. Measurements (in mm): body length to end of hind femur: 16.6 (15 - 18); hind femur length: 6.8.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFD1CD6BFCFDFF51FDFAFD0A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS A modified key to the South American species of Orphulella based on Otte’s key (1979) including the new species O. chumpi was added to OSF.	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFCCCD6BFF0FFCD4FBB0FB2E.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES. — Locusta maritima Harris, T. W., by subsequent designation by Rehn (1939).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFCCCD6BFF0FFCD4FBB0FB2E.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Peru. Ancash, Tarica, Mirador Quitapampa, 3853 m, 09 ° 24 ’ 59.0 ’’ S, 77 ° 34 ’ 37.7 ’’ W, 29. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 8 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, 7 km S of Huaraz, 3182 m, 09 ° 36 ’ 17.5 ’’ S, 77 ° 30 ’ 33.8 ’’ W, 23. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Masin (from Chavin to Lamellin), 2591 m, 09 ° 22 ’ 30.3 ’’ S, 77 ° 06 ’ 40.4 ’’ W, 27. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂ (MLPA). — Ancash, 8 km from Catac to Chavin, 3786 m, 09 ° 45 ’ 23.6 ’’ S, 77 ° 23.4 ’ 48.5 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂ (MLPA). — Ancash, 2 km saliendo Catac hacia Chavin de Huantar, before Puente Yanayacu, 3571 m, 09 ° 46 ’ 49.5 ’’ S, 77 ° 25 ’ 08.8 ’’ W, 26. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ (MLPA). — Ancash, Cordillera Huayhuash, 1 km E detour Chiquian, 4305 m, 10 ° 05 ’ 33.0 ” S, 77 ° 10 ’ 57.4 ” W, 15. V. 2004, Cigliano & Lange, 1 ♂ (MLPA). — Ancash, Callejón de Huaylas, 65 km S of Huaraz, Puente Ucushaca, 3933 m, 09 ° 59 ’ 0.2 ’’ S, 77 ° 20 ’ 33.9 ’ W’, 23. II. 2008, Cigliano & Lange, 5 ♂♂ (MLPA) (see geographic distribution).	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
03F587F6FFCCCD6BFF0FFCD4FBB0FB2E.taxon	discussion	REMARKS	en	Cigliano, María Marta, Pocco, Martina E., Lange, Carlos E. (2011): Grasshoppers of the Andes: new Melanoplinae and Gomphocerinae taxa (Insecta, Orthoptera, Acrididae) from Huascarán National Park and Callejón de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Zoosystema 33 (4): 523-544, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n4a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n4a5
