identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F587F6FFA2BD3ED2CB76E2FCC9FD1D.text	03F587F6FFA2BD3ED2CB76E2FCC9FD1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla bicolor Yang, Zhang & Li	<div><p>Neoperla bicolor Yang, Zhang &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 1–10.</p><p>Male. Forewing length 9.6–9.8 mm. General body color dark brown. Distance between ocelli slightly wider than diameter of the ocellus. Head dark brown with brownish M-line; M-line outlined by three dark triangular patches of approximately equal size, the posterior portions of posterior dark areas medially fused with a dark patch covering ocelli, and laterally extended to the compound eye inner margin; the entire dark area appears peach-shaped in outline, with a mesolateral eye-shaped lighter spot near inner margin of each compound eye (Fig. 1); compound eyes black; antennae brownish, scape darker. Pronotum brown with scattered pale markings (Fig. 1); wing membrane brownish, veins dark brown; legs mostly dark brown, but hindleg with wide pale band, nearly two third of total length (Fig. 4). Abdominal segments 1–6 bicolored, terga dark brown but sterna pale, terminalia darker, cerci mostly dark brown, several basal segments yellow brown (Fig. 5).</p><p>Male terminalia. Tergum 6 with a tiny median knob at posterior margin. Tergum 7 with posterior margin produced into a trapezoidal to triangular process, covered with distal sensilla basiconica (Figs. 2–3). Tergum 8 with sclerotized anteromedial trapezoidal area, with a few sensilla basiconica (Figs. 2–3). Tergum 9 with two patches of sensilla basiconica and hairs on lateral humps and a small medial patch of sensilla basiconica. Hemitergal processes of tergum 10 sclerotized and elongate, gently curved medially with blunt apex (Figs. 2–3). Aedeagal tube plump, mostly membranous with triangular dorsal sclerite (Figs. 6–7), and a pair of slender lateral projections apically; the projection basally swollen and bulbous, apical third constricted and finger-like, covered with two rows of ca. 4 dorsolateral spines at basal half, apex with an obscure dorsolateral spine (Figs. 6–7), additional 6 scattered spines occur apically in ventral aspect (Fig. 8). Aedeagal sac (Figs. 6 &amp; 9–10) nearly as long as tube, most membranous and bald except 2 dorsal spines at midlength, distal half mostly covered with dorsal spinules before spinous apex, apex slightly curved ventrally and covered with mixed armatures of spines and spinules, dorsally separated by median membrane (Figs. 9–10).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Type material. Holotype male: China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Shangsi County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.90338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.905266" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.90338/lat 21.905266)">Shiwandashan National Forest</a> Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.90338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.905266" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.90338/lat 21.905266)">Wangle village</a> near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.90338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.905266" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.90338/lat 21.905266)">Pearl River</a>, N21°54.316' E107°54.203', 295m, 2013. V.18, light trap, Guoquan Wang Wang (HIST) . Paratypes: 2 males (CAUC &amp; HIST), same data as holotype.</p><p>Etymology. The species name refers to the bicolored abdominal segments 1–6 of the male that distinguish this species from related taxa.</p><p>Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region).</p><p>Diagnosis and remarks. The new species shares a similar aedeagal tube with a small subgroup of species in the N. montivaga species group (Zwick 1983) as indicated by Wang et al. (2014), including N. lihuae Li &amp; Murányi, 2014 from Yunnan Province of southwestern China and N. zonata Stark &amp; Sivec, 2008 from Lao Cai Province of northwestern Vietnam and the recently described N. tadpolata Li &amp; Murányi, 2014 known from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, near the type locality of the new species. Neoperla bicolor appears closely related to N. tadpolata in having a similar color pattern of the head and legs and similar aedeagal structures. However, the male of the new species is characterized by “eye”-shaped head spots and bicolored abdominal segments 1–6 (Figs. 1 &amp; 5). Additionally, both species can be distinguished by the details of the aedeagal armature. In N. tadpolata, the tube bears two groups of 4–5 mesoventral and lateroapical spines, which are absent in N. bicolor . The apex of lateral projection is covered with numerous tiny spines, whereas only one obscure spine occurs in N. bicolor . The apex of the aedeagal sac of N. tadpolata is ventrally curved and hook-like with spinules, but the corresponding area is only gently curved with larger spines dorsally, separated by median membrane in N. bicolor (compare Figs. 6–10 with figs. 5–9 in Wang et al. 2014).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587F6FFA2BD3ED2CB76E2FCC9FD1D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yang, Juan;Zhang, Sujiong;Li, Weihai	Yang, Juan, Zhang, Sujiong, Li, Weihai (2017): Description of two new species of the Neoperla montivaga group (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Zootaxa 4238 (3): 385-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4238.3.5
03F587F6FFA7BD3FD2CB7521FBF1FE91.text	03F587F6FFA7BD3FD2CB7521FBF1FE91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla muranyii Yang, Zhang & Li	<div><p>Neoperla muranyii Yang, Zhang &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 11–20)</p><p>Adult habitus. Male forewing length 9.8–10.1 mm, female forewing length 11.0– 11.4 mm. General body color brownish. Distance between ocelli as wide as diameter of the ocellus. Head mostly yellow with small dark brown areas covering ocelli and, lateral margins and anterior portion of frons pale, the pigmentation between ocelli triangular in males or truncate anteriorly in females (Figs. 11, 17); compound eyes black; antennae brownish to dark brown. Pronotum mostly pale, margins and median portion darker, with indistinct rugosities (Figs. 11, 17); wing membrane pale, veins brown; legs mostly brownish, joint darker. Abdomen yellowish brown, male hemiterga darker.</p><p>Male terminalia (Figs. 12–16). Posterior process of tergum 7 trapezoidal and elevated in dorsal and lateral views, with medial concavity flanked by posterolateral humps, with many small dorsal and marginal sensilla basiconica (Figs. 12–14). Tergum 8 with tongue-shaped upcurved process with apical spinules (Figs. 12–14). Tergum 9 without sensilla patches or long hairs. Hemitergal processes of tergum 10 sclerotized and short, slightly upcurved medially (Figs. 12 &amp;14). Aedeagal tube plump, ca. length 3.5X width at basal bulb, ventroapically with a slender medially bifurcate Y-lobe, arms without spines and as long as stalk of Y-lobe (Figs. 15–16). Aedeagal sac at least 1.5X longer than tube and apical half strongly curved ventrad forming an open loop with hook-like apex in well treated type, most of the surface bald, spinules occur only on dorsal surface at apical hook (Fig. 15).</p><p>Female (Figs. 18–20). Posterior margin of sternum 8 barely produced, posteromedial part forming a small, quadrate, sclerotized subgenital plate. Vagina rounded nearly as long as wide, inner part with several dark overlapped crescent folds; spermatheca stalk slender and very short, ca. fourth length of spermatheca, spermatheca sausage like and medially strongly curved, apical half a little swollen and tip with a small nipple, apical fourth with a gland.</p><p>Type material. Holotype male: China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Shangsi County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.90338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.905266" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.90338/lat 21.905266)">Shiwandashan National Forest</a> Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.90338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.905266" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.90338/lat 21.905266)">Wangle village</a> near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.90338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.905266" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.90338/lat 21.905266)">Pearl River</a>, N21°54.316' E107°54.203', 295m, 2013. V.18, light trap, Guoquan Wang (HIST) . Paratypes: 2 males (CAUC &amp; HIST), 2 females (CAUC &amp; HIST), same data as holotype.</p><p>Etymology. The patronym honors Dr. David Murányi, for his numerous contributions to numerous stonefly groups.</p><p>Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region).</p><p>Diagnosis and remarks. The new species is characterized by the aedeagal sac being ventrally curved in an opening loop with hook-like apex and an elongate Y-lobe (length ca. 10X of the stalk width) on the tube being bifurcate at midlength. The new species may be assigned to the N. diehli subgroup by Zwick and Sivec (1985) in the montivaga species group (Zwick 1983). Wang et al. (2013) includes several members in this group, N. han Stark, N. mnong Stark, N. furcostyla Li and Qin, N. forcipata Yang, N. mesostyla Li and Wang, 2013 and N. yao Stark. The head pattern and medially furcated Y-lobe of the aedeagal tube in N. muranyii are very similar to those of N. diehli Sivec, 2005 from Sumatra. However, in N. diehli, the sac is covered by longitudinal scales and spiny apex is straight (fig. 21 in Zwick and Sivec 1985). Additionally, N. diehli has a shorter Y-lobe (total length ± 4X stalk width) with arms spiny at apex whereas Y-lobe length in the new species is nearly 10X width of the stalk, arms being bald apically (compare Fig. 15–16 with fig. 21 in Zwick and Sivec 1985).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587F6FFA7BD3FD2CB7521FBF1FE91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yang, Juan;Zhang, Sujiong;Li, Weihai	Yang, Juan, Zhang, Sujiong, Li, Weihai (2017): Description of two new species of the Neoperla montivaga group (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Zootaxa 4238 (3): 385-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4238.3.5
