identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F5F45FFF9E630BFF1CFCEEFA0559FC.text	03F5F45FFF9E630BFF1CFCEEFA0559FC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neusiokia Muona 2022	<div><p>Neusiokia Muona, new genus</p> <p>Etymology. Named after the Native American people once inhabiting the Neuse River area of North Carolina.</p> <p>Type species. Neusiokia appalachiensis new species</p> <p>Diagnosis. Elateroidea (sensu stricto) synapomorphy: pro-mesocoxal clicking mechanism present.</p> <p>Eucnemidae synapomorphies: pedicel attached subapically to scape, labrum hidden.</p> <p>Eucnemidae other characters: all abdominal ventrites connate (Fig. 1).</p> <p>The combination of protibiae with two apical spurs and f7–f9 being enlarged and flattened exists in only one extant species [Palaeoxenus dohrni (Horn)], and one Baltic amber species, [Erdaia bispinulosa Muona]. Of these two, Neusiokia resembles E. bispinulosa in size and general appearance, but has stronger antennae, much stronger legs with pronounced spine-combs on meso- and metatibiae and a more rounded general appearance. Palaeoxenus species are much larger, parallel-sided, and flat, with elevated median prosternal keel and proportionately much smaller head</p> <p>Description. Elateroidea synapomorphy: pro-mesocoxal clicking mechanism present.</p> <p>Eucnemidae synapomorphies: pedicel attached subapically to scape, labrum hidden.</p> <p>Form narrowing more caudad than craniad (Fig. 1, 2). Head rounded, eyes medium sized, frontoclypeal region wide, mandibles elongated with simple apex (Fig. 4, 5). Pronotum about as wide as long, lateral and frontal margins simple, scutellum wider than long, elytra with rounded sides, striae distinct, sutural ones strong apically with excretory punctures (Fig. 2). Antennal fairly short, f7–f9 forming loose, fattened club (Fig. 4,5). Hypomeron simple, metasternum without mesocoxal lines. Metacoxal plates elongate, about twice as wide at midline as on sides. Legs long with well-developed spine-combs, tarsomere 4 simple, claw simple, protibial apex with two spurs.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5F45FFF9E630BFF1CFCEEFA0559FC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Muona, Jyrki	Muona, Jyrki (2022): New fossil false click-beetles from the Americas (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (912): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6391857
03F5F45FFF996308FF1CFD18FD2D593E.text	03F5F45FFF996308FF1CFD18FD2D593E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neusiokia appalachiensis Muona 2022	<div><p>Neusiokia appalachiensis Muona, new species</p> <p>Figures 1–5.</p> <p>Etymology. Named after the eastern Cretaceous part of the North American continent.</p> <p>Holotype. Embedded in a triangular North Carolina resin piece, 17 × 10 × 9 mm, sex unknown. Found from locality 34 in Goldsboro, a Cretaceous Black Creek Formation exposure along the Neuse River (Carter et al. 1988).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Characterized by the enlarged f7–f 9 in combination with two protibial spurs and small size.</p> <p>Description. Length 4.5 mm. Elateroidea synapomorphy: pro-mesocoxal clicking mechanism present.</p> <p>Eucnemidae synapomorphies: pedicel attached subapically to scape, labrum hidden and sutural striae with excretory punctures apically. Head rounded, very densely punctate, eyes medium sized, frontoclypeal region wide, about 1.5 times as wide apically as between antennal sockets, apical margin straight with caudally projecting lateral apices, mandibles elongated with simple apex (Fig. 5). Pronotum about as wide as long, sides evenly and strongly narrowing craniad, with rounded hind angles, lateral and frontal margins simple, scutellum wider than long, bluntly pointed caudad, parallel-sided on basal half, elytra with rounded sides, striae distinct, sutural ones strong apically with excretory punctures, interstices nearly flat, moderately densely punctate (Fig. 2). Antennal fairly short, f9 reaching pronotal hind angles, scape elongate, nearly as long as pedicel and f1–f2 combined, f2–f6 twice as long as wide, apically expanded, f7–f9 forming loose, fattened club (Fig. 4, 5).</p> <p>Hypomera simple, smooth, widely and shallowly grooved, delimited by notosternal suture medially and pronotal ridge laterally, prosternal peg wide, short, prosternum narrow, metasternum densely punctate, without mesocoxal lines. Metacoxal plates densely punctate, elongate, widest close to midline, here about twice as wide as on sides (Fig. 1). Legs long, femora stout, fairly short, meso- and metatibiae long, strongly built, with well-developed spine-combs, meso- and metatarsi shorter than tibiae, protibia short, powerful, apically expanded, apex with two spurs, dorsal apical spur split in two (Fig. 3), first protarsomere without sex-comb, fifth protarsomere exceptionally long (Fig. 4), all tarsomeres 4 simple, claws simple (Fig. 1, 3, 4). Abdominal ventrites connate, densely punctate (Fig. 1).</p> <p>Remarks. Neusiokia appalachiensis challenges the present classification, partly in the same manner as Erdaia bisipnulosa did (Muona 2021). On the basis of the presently accepted synapomorphies, they both appear to belong in the subfamily Palaeoxeninae. As a new analysis is needed to clarify this question, I have chosen to place Neusiokia provisionally in Orodotini.</p> <p>Family Eucnemidae Eschscholtz, 1829</p> <p>Subfamily Macraulacinae Fleutiaux, 1922</p> <p>Tribe Macraulacini Fleutiaux, 1922</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5F45FFF996308FF1CFD18FD2D593E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Muona, Jyrki	Muona, Jyrki (2022): New fossil false click-beetles from the Americas (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (912): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6391857
03F5F45FFF9A6305FF1CFD5AFD2D5A2C.text	03F5F45FFF9A6305FF1CFD5AFD2D5A2C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thambus woodruffi Muona 2022	<div><p>Thambus woodruffi Muona, new species</p> <p>Figures 6, 7.</p> <p>Etymology. Named in honor of the late Robert E. Woodruff, whose many interests included fossil resins and especially the Dominican amber fauna.</p> <p>Holotype. Embedded in flat, rectangular Dominican resin piece with broadly rounder corners, 17 mm × 11 mm, female. The same piece includes an unidentified throscid beetle as well as other insects (Fig. 7).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The length/width ratio of all other Thambus species is 2.4–2.8, in this species it is about 2.1.</p> <p>Description. Elateroidea synapomorphy: pro-mesocoxal clicking mechanism present. Eucnemidae synapomorphies: pedicel attached subapically to scape, labrum hidden, elytral striae apically grooved with excretory punctures (Fig. 6). Eucnemidae other characters: abdominal ventrites connate (Fig. 7). Macraulacinae synapomorphy: hypomera with basally open lateral antennal grooves (Fig. 7). Macraulacini other characters: hypomera without excretory pits, metasternum without tarsal grooves.</p> <p>Length 3.0 mm. Form very wide, ratio L/W about 2.1 (Fig. 6). Pronotum wider than long and wider than elytra with slightly expanded, acute non-carinate hind angles, evenly and densely punctate (Fig. 6). Scutellum transverse, widely triangular, apex cut off, elytra with sharp, complete sutural striae with deep apical excretory groove continuing around to lateralmost striae, densely and finely punctate, other striae faint but present (Fig. 6). Head rounded, densely punctate, eyes large, flat, frons wide, without carinae, frontoclypeus apically about 1.3 times as wide as between antennal sockets, mandibles short, bifid (Fig. 7). Antennae fairly short, reaching slightly past the hind angles, scape as long as pedicel plus f1 and f2 combined, f2–f3 feebly serrate, f4–f7 not visible, f9 1.4 times as long as f8, both longer than wide. Hypomeron with sharply defined, basally open lateral antennal grooves, about triangular, sparsely punctate, without excretory pits (Fig. 7). Prosternum wide, moderately densely punctate, prosternal peg long, triangular, acute, deeply marginate, metasternum wide and long, densely punctate, without tarsal grooves, elytral epipleura simple. Metacoxal plates triangular, widest close to midline, angle tightly rounded and there less than times as wide as on sides, densely punctate. Legs long and delicate, meso- and metatarsi shorter than tibiae, meso- and metatarsomere 1 slightly shorter than the others combined, fourth apically narrowly bilobed, excavated, claw simple (Fig. 6, 7).</p> <p>Abdominal ventrites connate, densely and finely punctate (Fig. 7).</p> <p>Remarks. Thambus Bonvouloir is a primarily tropical American genus, with additional species known from Europe (1), China (1), Japan (1) and North America (1). The species are small, have a basally wide pronotum with sides strongly converging craniad. In addition to their shape and small size, Thambus species are characterized by round pit-like areas laterally on the prosternum. This feature varies between species from faint (e.g. T. deyrollei Bonvouloir) to conspicuous (e.g. T. friwaldskyi Bonvouloir). These pits are not visible in the present sample, but the other characters listed place it to Macraulacini and within this tribe the correct placement is clearly Thambus.</p> <p>Family Eucnemidae Eschscholtz, 1829</p> <p>Subfamily Macraulacinae Fleutiaux, 1922</p> <p>Tribe Macraulacini Fleutiaux, 1922</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5F45FFF9A6305FF1CFD5AFD2D5A2C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Muona, Jyrki	Muona, Jyrki (2022): New fossil false click-beetles from the Americas (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (912): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6391857
03F5F45FFF976304FF1CFE68FEDF5DDF.text	03F5F45FFF976304FF1CFE68FEDF5DDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Asiocnemis colombicus Muona 2022	<div><p>Asiocnemis colombicus Muona, new species</p> <p>Figures 8–11.</p> <p>Etymology. Named after the Republic of Colombia.</p> <p>Holotype. Embedded in a flat, quadratic Colombian resin piece, 55 mm × 30 mm, 4 mm thick, female.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The elongated, parallel-sided and flat shape, wide smooth frontoclypeal area, slender tarsi with tarsomere 4 feebly bilobed, simple, minute claw and slender antennae separate this species from all previously known neotropical Dromaeolus species as well as all American Asiocnemis Mamaev species.</p> <p>Description. Length 5.5 mm. Elateroidea synapomorphy: pro-mesocoxal clicking mechanism present.</p> <p>Eucnemidae synapomorphies: pedicel attached subapically to scape, labrum hidden, elytral striae with apical excretory punctures. Macraulacinae synapomorphy: hypomera with basally open lateral antennal grooves (Fig. 9). Macraulacini diagnostic other characters: tibiae with lateral spine-combs.</p> <p>Form narrow, parallel sided, flat (Fig. 8). Head rounded, densely punctate, eyes medium-sized, frontoclypeal region wide, 1.3 times as wide apically as between antennal sockets, apical margin slightly rounded, mandibles short, bifid. Pronotum elongated, about as wide as long, with short, deep basal median groove converging craniad and ending before middle, with acute non-carinate hind angles, roughly and very densely punctate, scutellum strongly transverse, fairly large, parallel-sided, slightly bilobed caudally, elytra densely and roughly punctate with strong sutural striae and apical excretory punctures, disk without striae. Antennal sockets round, antennae moderate long, slender, f8–f9 reaching past pronotal hind angles, scape long, elongate, pedicel shorter than f1, all flagellomeres longer than wide, becoming more elongated towards apex, f4 twice as long as wide, f9 longest of all, 1.5 times longer than f8 (Fig. 9, 10). Hypomeron densely punctate with sharply delimited non-punctate lateral antennal grooves (Fig. 9, 10), prosternal peg parallel-sided, apically pointed, prosternum very densely punctate, metasternum very densely and roughly punctate. Metacoxal plates triangular, very densely punctate, widest close to midline, three times as wide as on sides, less so at midline, caudal angle rounded. Legs long, elongate, protarsi shorter than protibiae, tarsomeres 2–4 increasingly narrower and tarsomere 5 small, delicate, meso- and metatibiae long, slender, longer than tarsi, with strong spine-combs on lateral surfaces, meso- and metatarsomere 1 as long 2–4 combined, 4 excavated, slightly wider than previous one, claws small, simple (Fig. 11). Abdominal ventrites connate, very densely punctate.</p> <p>Remarks. As pointed out by Muona (2000), Dromaeolus is an artificial assemblage of species waiting for a phylogenetic analysis. Such an attempt requires the inclusion of all Macraulacini genera, a gargantuan task. The present species does not fit any previously known Dromaeolus in the only “complete” key available (Bonvouloir 1871), nor does it fit any species described from South America. It is also clear that it is not congeneric with the European Dromaeolus barnabita Villa, the type-species of this genus (Muona 1987). The genus Asiocnemis differs from Dromaeolus by conspicuous larval characters but it has not been satisfactorily defined with external adult characters. The present species with slender, parallel form, delicate tarsi, basally strongly grooved elongate pronotum and rough surface sculpture fits the known species well and it has been placed in Asiocnemis. There are seven previously reported Asiocnemis species from the Americas, distributed in the western mountains from Washington to Ecuador and French Guiana. It is assumed that several South American slender black Dromaeolus species belong here as well. Whether this newly described species is a recent one or an extinct creature from the past, cannot be determined at this time. A somewhat similar one, Asiocnemis sp., was reported from Baltic amber (Muona 1993a).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5F45FFF976304FF1CFE68FEDF5DDF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Muona, Jyrki	Muona, Jyrki (2022): New fossil false click-beetles from the Americas (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (912): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6391857
