taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F34A591012FFA7FF51FF737B265697.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Basidiobolus ranarum Eidam, Beiträge zur Biologie der Pflanzen 4: 194 (1886). Notes: Basidiobolus was introduced by Eidam, with B. ranarum as the type species (Eidam 1886). The zygospores are characterized as smooth and thick-walled, globose to subglose, with distinct conjugation beak (Burkitt 1964). Basidiobolus spp. and Conidiobolus spp. have been reported as human pathogens in the order Entomophthorales, and their zygospores differ by the presence or absence of conjugation beaks (Ribes et al. 2000, Yang et al. 2021). Basidiobolus ranarum can cause Zygomycosis to humans, and clinic symptoms include forming the firm and painless subcutaneous swellings on the trunk and extremities (Vilela & Mendoza 2018). In addition, Basidiobolus spp. have also caused diseases in horses and dogs (Owens et al. 1985, Greene et al. 2002). Moreover, B. ranarum as a saprotrophic fungus is commonly present in soil, decaying vegetables, gastrointestinal tracts of amphibians (frogs, and toads), reptiles (house geckoes, lizards, and chameleons), fish and bats (Van Overeem 1925, Burkitt et al. 1964, Gugnani & Okafor 1980, Mugerwa 1984, Okafor et al. 1984, Gugnani 1999).	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A591012FFA7FF51FD43789F5C33.taxon	description	Saprobic or pathogenic on dead house gecko. Mycelium 10 – 20 μm wide (x ̅ = 16 μm, n = 20), hyaline, septate, branched, tubular, sightly constriction at the septum, soon forming zygospores, the zygospores are (sexual spores) characterized by globose to subglobose 25 – 40 × 25 – 35 μm (x ̅ = 34 × 31 μm, n = 20), wrapped in mycelium, with smooth and thick wall, 1 – 3.5 μm (x ̅ = 2.5 μm, n = 20) thickness, and wall layer thinner with the maturity, attaching a prominent conjugation beaks 10 – 15 μm wide, 8 – 11 high (Figure 3: f, g), hyaline (the microscopic features observed with cotton blue), verruculose to granulate in cellular inner, some zygospores form meristospores by cleavage of the cytoplasm (Figure 3: i – k). Culture characteristics: The pure culture was obtained from slimy tissue of gecko’s swollen forelimb, colonies circular, fast-growing on PDA at the room temperature, reaching around 40 mm diameter after two weeks, with an irritating odor, yellowish-brown to creamy grey, waxy, radially striated with barren crack at the centre, visible sparse mycelium tips at the margin, abundant global to subglobose zygospores (conidia) pave on folded surface; reverse sunken at the centre, yellowish to pale outwardly, without pigments produced from PDA. Substratum: Fish (Nickerson & Hutchison 1971); Amphibians (frogs, toads) (Coremans-Pelseneer 1973); house gecko faeces (Hemiolactylus sp.) (Claussen & Schmidt 2019); wall gecko (Hemiolactylus sp.) (Gugnani & Okafor 1980); bat (Chaturvedi et al. 1984); child / adult, human (Khan et al. 2001, Yusuf et al. 2003); dead Asian House Gecko (Hemiolactylus sp.) (this study).	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A591012FFA7FF51FD43789F5C33.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Arkansas and Missouri, American (Nickerson & Hutchison 1971); Kinshasa, Zaire (Coremans-Pelseneer 1973); Nsukka, Nigeria (Gugnani & Okafor 1980); India (Chaturvedi et al. 1984, Khan et al. 2001); Jizan, Saudi Arabia (Yusuf et al. 2003); KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) (Claussen & Schmidt 2019), Yunnan, China (this study)	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A591012FFA7FF51FD43789F5C33.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: China, Yunnan Province, on dead Asian House Gecko, Peter E. Mortimer, F- 4 (Herb. KUN-HKAS 122654), living culture, KUMCC 21 - 0467. Genebank numbers: ITS: OM 670164, LSU: OM 670161, mtSSU: OM 692370. Notes: Our isolate KUMCC 21 - 0467 shares similar characteristics with Basidiobolus magnus and B. ranarum in having globose to subglobose, smooth, thick-walled zygospore 20 – 60 μm in diameter, wrapped in mycelium, with a conjugation beak (Eidam 1886, Davis et al. 1994). The BLASTn results show the ITS gene region highly overlaps with B. magnus (ARSEF 1139) at 99.3 % (668 / 673 bp, 0 gap), at 99 % (664 / 672 bp, 0 gap) similarity with B. ranarum (ARSEF 260), and the LSU region indicates 99.8 % similarity (1010 / 1012 bp, 0 gap) with B. ranarum (ARSEF 8303) and B. magnus (CBS 205.64). In addition, 667 bp of the mtSSU region was 100 % similar to B. ranarum (AFTOL-ID 301); unfortunately, we were unable to amplify the rpb 2 (7 F / 11 aR) gene of our strain KUMCC 21 - 0467, The phylogenetic trees based on ITS, LSU, rpb 2 and mtSSU show our isolate clusters with B. ranarum (ARSEF 260 and ATCC 14449) (Figure 2). Basidiobolus ranarum has also been found on frogs in Canada, and many infected cases in humans all over the world have been reported (Gugnani 1999, Al-Hatmi et al. 2021). As morphological characteristics examined largely overlap with B. ranarum, also supported by the phylogenetic evidences, our isolate is identified as Basidiobolus ranarum with a new country record for China; however, B. ranarum has previously been reported on wall gecko and house gecko faeces (Hemidactylus spp.) (Gugnani & Okafor 1980, Gugnani 1999, Claussen & Schmidt 2019).	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A59101FFFAAFF51FCCB79D853D5.taxon	description	Saprobic or pathogenic on a dead Asian House Gecko, mycelium clusters on the forehead, recognized as a white, raised, fluffy region. Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Aerial mycelium dense, raised, entire edge, white to yellowish, velutinous, powdery while sporulating, yellowish-brown from reverse. Vegetative hyphae 1 – 3 μm (x ̅ = 1.7 μm, n = 30) wide, branched, hyaline, smooth, thick-walled, occasionally jagged wall, septate, constricted at the septum, terminal round, Conidiogenous cells 4 – 11 μm (x ̅ = 7.5 μm, n = 20) long, 1 – 3 μm (x ̅ = 2 μm, n = 20) wide, solitary or occurring in lateral clusters, cylindrical, subglobose to ampulliform. Conidia 2 – 3 × 1 – 2.5 μm (x ̅ = 2.5 × 2 μm, n = 20), catenated, globose to ellipsoidal, hyaline, aseptate, smooth-walled. Culture characteristics: Colonies growing on PDA reach 15 mm in diameter after one week at 27 ° C, and randomly sporulating within one month in PDA, above low convex, entire edge, fluffy, white. Reverse: yellowish brown. Sporulated within one month, visible the effuse, white clusters of mycelia with conidia, without pigments produced in PDA. Substratum: insect, Coleoptera (Tzean et al. 1997); Fragaria ananassa (Rigotti et al. 2003); Cosmopolites sordidus, Hypothenemus hampei, Leucoptera coffeella, Phyllophaga sp., Plutella xylostella (Delgado 2011); Vitis vinifera (Elena et al. 2018); Cannabis sativa (Punja et al. 2019); Coffea arabica (Serrato-Diaz et al. 2020).	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A59101FFFAAFF51FCCB79D853D5.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Taiwan, China (Tzean et al. 1997); Switzerland (Rigotti et al. 2003); Nicaragua (Delgado 2011); Spain (Elena et al. 2018); Canada (Punja et al. 2019); Puerto Rico (Serrato-Diaz et al. 2020), China mainland (this study).	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A59101FFFAAFF51FCCB79D853D5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: China, Yunnan Province, on dead Asian House Gecko, Peter E. Mortimer, F- 5 (Herb. KUN-HKAS 122655), living culture, KUMCC 21 - 0468. Genbank numbers: ITS: OM 670163, rpb 1: OM 681324, rpb 2: OM 681325, tef 1 - α: OM 681322, Bloc: OM 681323. Notes: Our isolate KUMCC 21 - 0468 fits with the characteristics of Beauveria bassiana by having an asexual morph producing globose to subglobose, catenated conidia, aseptate, hyaline, with globose to flask-shaped phialides; conidiogenous cells normally cluster on the terminals of branched hypha (Paul Vuillemin et al. 1912, Chen et al. 2013). The clade B. bassiana was analysed in detail by Khonsanit et al. (2020). The ITS BLASTn results of our isolate highly overlapped with Beauveria bassiana strains BCC 34332, ARSEF 751 and BBC 12907, while rpb 1, rpb 2 and tef 1 - α show high matches to B. bassiana ARSEF 1040 (> 99 %). In addition, Bloc gene region showed 100 % (1486 / 1492, 1 gap) similarity to B. bassiana (ARSEF 4934), and our tree topology of the ML and BI analyses also shows KUMCC 21 - 0468 is closely related to B. bassiana ARSEF 1040 with high statistical supports (Figure 4). Therefore, our isolate KUMCC 21 - 0468 is identified as Beauveria bassiana, which is a new host record based on morphological features and phylogenetic evidences.	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A59101FFFAAFF51FF73799E56ED.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Beauveria bassiana (Bals. - Criv.) Vuill., Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 59: 40 (1912) Notes: Beauveria was first described by Balsamo-Crivelli (1835) as Botrytis bassiana, but later the name was changed to Beauveria bassiana, and it was assigned as the type species of new independent genus Beauveria in Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales (Paul Vuillemin 1912). This genus was characterized asexually by having globose bases and extended denticulate rachis, unicellular, ball-like, holoblastic conidia (<3.5 μm diam) formed on globose to flaskshaped phialide conidiogenous cells (Costa et al. 2011, Chen et al. 2013), whereas the sexual morphs produce solitary, paired or gregarious stromata, cylindrical to clavate, yellowish to orange, cylindrical and filiform ascospores (Kepler et al. 2017). Beauveria bassiana has been reported as a pathogen of silkworms as early as 900 AD in Japan, and it was documented that the pathogen resulted in serious silkworm disease in Italy and France around 1800 (Samson et al. 2013). However, some Beauveria spp. also were reported as endophytes or saprobes associated with various plants (Vega et al. 2008, Moonjely et al. 2016, Imoulana et al. 2017, Chen et al. 2018, Khonsanit et al. 2020). Beauveria is a widespread anamorphic genus of entomopathogenic fungi, which includes ecologically and economically important species, for example, B. bassiana is widely utilized as a biological pest control agent in agriculture (Zimmermann 2007, Khonsanit et al. 2020).	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A59101BFFAEFF51FF737DD056C1.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Colletotrichum lineola Corda, Deutschlands Flora (Nürnberg): 41 (1832) Notes: Colletotrichum was introduced by Corda (1831), with C. lineola as the type species, and it is the sole member of Glomerellaceae (Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes) (Hyde et al. 2020). The sexual morph of this genus is characterized by glomerella-like, semi-immersed to aerial, sphaerical, dark-brown ascomata, with or without setae, cylindrical asci contain clavate, elongate to fusiform, multi-septate ascospores (Jayawardena et al. 2016 a). The anamorph of Colletotrichum is characterized by having hyaline conidiophores formed on aerial mycelium, cylindrical to clavate conidiogenous cells, conidia cylindrical to clavate, apically round, granular, sepatae or aseptate (Diao et al. 2017). Dean et al. (2012) proposed that Colletotrichum is one of the most common and important plant pathogenic genera generally causing diseases such as anthracnose, seedling blights, and red rot on various plants, include economical crops, around the world (Silva-Rojas & Ávila-Quezada 2011, Wang et al. 2021). Some Colletotrichum species were also introduced as endophytes and saprobes (Jayawardena et al. 2020). In addition, Colletotrichum species have been identified as human pathogens or entomopathogens (Damm et al. 2012, Natarajan et al. 2013, Talhinhas & Baroncelli et al. 2021). Currently, Index Fungorum (2022) lists over 1000 species epithets of Colletotrichum (Kirk et al. 2015).	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A59101BFFAEFF51FCEF7D2752B5.taxon	description	Saprobic or pathogenic on dead Asian House Gecko, white, cottony mycelium on the skin. Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Mycelium 1.5 – 3.5 μm wide (x ̅ = 2.5 μm, n = 30), granular to smooth, branched, with thick-walled septa. Conidiophores 2.5 – 5 μm (x ̅ = 4 μm, n = 15), straight to slight curved, septate, smooth-walled, narrow in the terminal with a hyaline, cylindrical. Conidiogenous cells 10 – 20 × 1 – 3 µm (x ̅ = 13 × 2.5 μm, n = 20), cylindric to flask-shaped, tapering at apex to narrow, phialidic conidiogenous locus. Conidia 10 – 20 × 3 – 5 μm (x ̅ = 14 × 4 μm, n = 20), cylindrical to oblong, hyaline, thick-walled, granular to smooth, around, both ends bluntly rounded, or some see bottom end acute, appressoria not observed. Substratum: Camellia sinensis (Liu et al. 2015, Jayawardena et al. 2016 a, Wang et al. 2020); Citrus sinensis (De Silva et al. 2017) Persea americana (Fuentes-Aragón et al. 2020);	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A59101BFFAEFF51FCEF7D2752B5.taxon	distribution	Distribution: China (Liu et al. 2015, Jayawardena et al. 2016 a, De Silva et al. 2017, Wang et al. 2020); Mexico (Fuentes-Aragón et al. 2020);	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
03F34A59101BFFAEFF51FCEF7D2752B5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: China, Yunnan Province, on dead Asian House Gecko, Peter E. Mortimer, F- 1 (Herb. KUN-HKAS 122653), living culture, KUMCC 21 - 0466. Genbank numbers: ITS: OM 670162, HIS: OM 744410, CAL: OM 744409, ACT: OM 744408, tub 2: OM 744407, GPDH: OM 744411. Culture characteristics: Colonies on PDA fast-growing, reach 60 mm in one week, above effuse, aerial mycelium, cottony, light grayish to olivaceous with white margin. Reverse: grayish orange to pale brown, black-brown at the central inoculation, with black pigmented margin, not sporulated, without pigments produced in PDA. Notes: Colletotrichum jiangxiense was first introduced by Liu et al. (2015) from Jiangxi province, China. Our isolate KUMCC 21 - 0466 has similar morphologies to members of Colletotrichum, and the BLASTn results of GAPDH, CHS- 1, ACT, tub 2, CAL and ITS of our strain indicate 99 – 100 % similarity with C. jiangxiense ZY 12 and C. jiangxiense (COP 27.905, LF 488). The multi-locus phylogenetic trees also showed our new isolate clusters together with C. jiangxiense ZY 12 with high statistical support values (ML: 94 %, BI: 0.96; Figure 6); thus, we report C. jiangxiense KUMCC 21 - 0466 as a new host record associated with a reptile (Asian House Gecko) in this study.	en	Yang, Erfu, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Dai, Dongqin, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C. (2022): Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 37-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.3
